• More ways to play your GOG games with Amazon Luna
    https://www.gog.com/blog/more-ways-to-play-your-gog-games-were-teaming-up-with-luna-cloud-streaming-serv

    Soon, you’ll be able to play your favorite games from GOG, like the Witcher series or Cyberpunk 2077, on multiple devices of your choice. We’re teaming up with Amazon Luna cloud gaming service to give you even more ways of enjoying your titles, while still keeping our mission of DRM-free gaming.

    #jeux_vidéo #jeu_vidéo #business #gog #amazon_luna #cloud_gaming #gaas

  • Spotify says its iPhone app updates in the EU are getting held up by Apple - The Verge
    https://www.theverge.com/2024/3/14/24100944/spotify-ios-app-update-eu-apple-dma

    Even after Apple was hit with a $2 billion fine in the European Union over years-old complaints from Spotify about its App Store rules, Spotify says Apple is stonewalling updates issued in compliance with that very ruling. In an email to the European Commission obtained by The Verge, Spotify writes that Apple has “neither acknowledged nor responded to Spotify’s submission” to bring subscription pricing information into the app, preventing it from updating the app at all for its users, even to put out fixes for bugs or add other features.

    #musique #mobile #apple #spotify #business #censure #ce #ue #dma

  • Espagne : enquête sur un trafic de cadavres de migrants algériens

    Une vingtaine de personnes, dont des employés des pompes funèbres, des assistants légistes et du personnel de l’administration judiciaire, est visée par une enquête de la justice espagnole pour avoir participé à un vaste réseau de trafic de cadavres de migrants algériens. Ils faisaient payer les familles des victimes pour identifier les corps, en dehors de tout cadre légal.

    Au moins 20 personnes font l’objet d’une enquête dans les villes espagnoles de Murcie, Alicante, Almería et Madrid, et quatre ont été interpellées ce week-end pour appartenir à une organisation de trafic de cadavres de migrants, révèle le média La Verdad. Parmi ceux visés par la justice figurent des employés des pompes funèbres, des assistants légistes et du personnel de l’administration judiciaire affecté à l’Institut de médecine légale de Carthagène.

    Les membres de ce réseau sont accusés d’avoir demandé de l’argent, en dehors de tout cadre légal, à des familles d’exilés algériens à la recherche de leur proche disparu lors de la traversée de la Méditerranée.

    La manière de procéder était bien rodée : ils publiaient la photo d’un cadavre de migrant sur les réseaux sociaux afin d’appâter les familles sans nouvelles d’un frère, d’un fils, d’un mari ou d’un père. Ils leur facturaient ensuite différentes sommes, dont le montant n’a pas été divulgué, pour permettre d’identifier le corps et de le rapatrier au pays. Pour l’heure, on ne sait pas si l’identification était formelle et que le défunt était bien celui que les proches recherchaient ou s’ils ont falsifié des documents.

    Les quatre personnes interpellées ont été placées en détention provisoire par le tribunal de Carthagène. « Ces détenus font l’objet d’une enquête pour appartenance à une organisation criminelle, escroquerie, falsification de documents publics et délits contre le respect des défunts », précise la note de la justice transmise aux médias espagnols.
    Absence de protocoles clairs et homogènes

    En Espagne, il n’existe pas de protocoles clairs et homogènes pour procéder à la recherche des personnes disparues et à l’identification des personnes décédées sur la route de l’exil. Le manque d’informations et de règles favorise depuis des années le développement d’intermédiaires entre les autorités espagnoles et les familles des défunts.

    De plus, les proches font souvent face au silence des autorités espagnoles – et algériennes. « Malheureusement, les États ne respectent pas leur obligation de recherche lorsque les personnes disparues sont des migrants », affirme l’association Caminando Fronteras.

    Dans les morgues, les manières de gérer les cadavres et les familles diffèrent de l’une à l’autre. Dans celle « de Murcie, on a été bien reçu », expliquait l’an dernier à InfoMigrants Abdallah, à la recherche de son cousin disparu en mer en tentant de rejoindre l’Espagne depuis les côtes algériennes. « À Almeria, par contre, c’était plus compliqué. Il nous a fallu l’autorisation d’un commandant de gendarmerie pour vérifier qu’un cadavre qui correspondait aux caractéristiques physiques d’Oussama, et arrivé le jour supposé du naufrage, était bien celui de mon cousin. Malgré notre insistance auprès des autorités, nous ne l’avons jamais obtenue. C’était très dur pour nous. On nous a aussi interdit de voir les affaires personnelles retrouvés sur le corps. Alors qu’on a ce droit ».

    Les proches des exilés disparus peuvent faire appel à des associations, comme Caminando Fronteras, pour les aider dans leurs démarches et leur éviter de se faire escroquer par des personnes mal intentionnées.

    https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/55761/espagne--enquete-sur-un-trafic-de-cadavres-de-migrants-algeriens

    #cadavres #trafic #trafic_de_cadavres #migrations #réfugiés #mourir_aux_frontières #morts_aux_frontières #business #Espagne #Algérie #pompes_funèbres #enquête #migrants_algériens #identification #disparus #escroquerie #morgues

    • Los piratas de los muertos de las pateras: el negocio con los cuerpos de la inmigración irregular

      EL PAÍS revela el ‘modus operandi’ de una trama que se lucraba con la desesperación de familias argelinas y marroquíes.

      Las fotos que publicaba Francisco Clemente (https://elpais.com/masterdeperiodismo/2021-07-29/el-interprete-de-los-muertos.html) en sus redes sociales no pasaban inadvertidas para nadie. Durante años, este almeriense anónimo divulgó decenas de imágenes en las que podían verse cadáveres arrojados por el mar o cuerpos en la morgue dispuestos antes de la autopsia, todos muertos durante su viaje en patera hacia costas españolas. Muy pocas personas tienen acceso a ese material tan sensible, pero Clemente, no se sabe muy bien cómo, lo conseguía. Y se dio cuenta de que tenía en sus manos un valioso botín con el que hacer dinero. Un negocio que se lucraba con los muertos de la inmigración irregular.

      Este joven almeriense, de 27 años, cayó el pasado sábado detenido en una operación de la Guardia Civil acusado, entre otros delitos, de revelación de secretos y pertenencia a una organización criminal. EL PAÍS investiga los movimientos y conexiones de Clemente desde octubre de 2021 y revela, tras su detención, cómo operaban él y sus cómplices.

      Con esas fotografías de cadáveres y otro tipo de información privilegiada, Clemente dejó de ser tan anónimo y se convirtió en un referente para cientos de familias argelinas y marroquíes que habían perdido la pista de sus seres queridos al intentar emigrar a España. Madres, hermanos o primos que buscaban saber si sus seres queridos estaban vivos o muertos. Clemente creó a mediados de 2020 la cuenta Héroes del Mar en la red social X (antes Twitter) y en Facebook y, junto a su perfil personal, sumaba más de 150.000 seguidores a los que pedía donaciones. Hasta la prensa argelina le dedicaba artículos.
      Más información
      Condenados a una lápida sin nombre

      El joven, que se ganaba la vida vendiendo antiguallas por Wallapop, acabó montando un negocio haciendo de mediador entre las familias que buscaban a sus parientes desaparecidos o muertos, según fuentes policiales. No estaba solo, trabajaba en nombre del Centro Internacional para la Identificación de Migrantes Desaparecidos (CIPMID), una ONG de nombre rimbombante que, a diferencia de otras ONG más conocidas, no consta que reciba ninguna subvención o ayuda pública. Para algunas familias, Clemente fue la única fuente de información ante su pérdida y están agradecidos, aunque también dejó un reguero de familias que se sienten estafadas, según la docena de testimonios recogidos por EL PAÍS.

      Fran —como llaman a Francisco Clemente— al final cavó su propia tumba. Las mismas fotos con las que empezó todo encendieron las alarmas de la Guardia Civil que inició una investigación por la que ha acabado detenido junto a otras tres personas. Dos de los detenidos —el dueño de una funeraria y supuesto líder de la trama y el conductor del coche fúnebre de otra— permanecen en prisión sin fianza. A Fran, en libertad, se le ha retirado el pasaporte. Este diario ha intentado contactar con él, pero no ha obtenido respuesta.

      Los agentes han señalado a al menos una veintena de sospechosos, entre ellos, varios dueños de funerarias, auxiliares forenses y funcionarios del Instituto de Medicina Legal de Cartagena. Según se desprende de la investigación, Fran es sospechoso de integrar una especie de cártel que se disputaba los cadáveres de los inmigrantes. La trama supuestamente cobraba entre 3.000 y 10.000 euros por facilitar información a las familias, identificar y repatriar a los muertos. “El precio dependía del seguimiento que debían hacer del caso, pero también de la capacidad económica que viesen en los familiares”, explican fuentes de la investigación.

      Según el papel que jugaba cada uno de los participantes, la Guardia Civil les atribuye presuntos delitos contra la libertad de conciencia, contra los sentimientos religiosos y el respeto a los difuntos, además de por pertenencia a organización criminal, revelación de secretos, omisión del deber de perseguir delitos, estafa y cohecho. “Esto es solo la punta del iceberg”, afirman fuentes de la investigación, que deben ahora analizar una ingente cantidad de material incautado.

      La red, sin muchos escrúpulos, tiene su epicentro en Almería y Murcia, y tentáculos en Málaga, Baleares y Alicante, provincias a las que llegan los náufragos sin vida de las pateras. La trama se embolsó presuntamente decenas miles de euros con el sufrimiento de decenas de familias.
      Enganchado a la radio de Salvamento Marítimo

      Fran se metió en el mundo de la inmigración irregular en 2018, coincidiendo con el incremento de la llegada de pateras que salían desde Argelia. Su relación con el fenómeno —salvo por un breve pasaje por la Cruz Roja de donde lo echaron “por comportamientos inadecuados”—era nula, pero se aficionó a sintonizar la frecuencia de radio de Salvamento Marítimo y estaba al tanto de todos los rescates. Pasaba horas en el puerto de Almería y fotografiaba y grababa el desembarco de los inmigrantes, imágenes que, según ha confirmado EL PAÍS con sus compradores, también vendía a interesados en divulgar en redes mensajes contrarios a la inmigración irregular.

      En una de las varias denuncias que se han formalizado en comisarías de toda España contra él, una mujer que pide anonimato acusa Fran de relacionarse con los patrones de las pateras (suele saber con precisión cuándo salen y llegan las embarcaciones) así como de encubrirlos para evitar su detención. La mujer también asegura que fue testigo de cómo Fran contactó con familias para pedirles dinero si querían que su pariente “no tuviese problemas en España”. Presumía, según el acta de declaración de testigo a la que tuvo acceso EL PAÍS, de dar dinero a jueces y policías para evitar que los inmigrantes estuviesen presos. La mujer declaró a los agentes tener “pánico” de Fran y la ONG para la que trabaja.

      Con el tiempo, las posibilidades de negocio fueron creciendo. Fran, que vive con sus padres, ya no se limitaba a dar información a las familias sobre si sus parientes habían llegado o no, sino que encontró al que la Guardia Civil considera el líder de la red criminal, el propietario de una funeraria sin mucha actividad oficial. Este hombre, llamado Rachid, tenía una serie de funerarias amigas con las que hacer negocio y juntos, presuntamente, se disputaban los cadáveres de migrantes magrebíes que llegaban a las costas de sus zonas de actuación. “Decían a las familias que ellos eran los únicos capaces de repatriar el cuerpo”, mantienen fuentes de la investigación. Mentían. Rachid está en prisión sin fianza desde el sábado.

      Todos ganaban. Para Fran, las funerarias eran clave para cerrar el círculo que iniciaba con las familias de los migrantes que le contactaban. Y para las funerarias, Fran suponía un filón porque tenía contacto directo con decenas de potenciales clientes. Solo en 2023, se registraron casi 500 muertes de migrantes en la ruta migratoria que lleva a España por el Mediterráneo.

      Con el dinero que cobraban a las familias, a veces muy por encima de los 3.000 euros que suele costar una repatriación al uso, los investigadores sostienen que se repartían comisiones por adjudicarse los trámites administrativos y funerarios necesarios para repatriar los cuerpos a Argelia o Marruecos. Algunos implicados además pagaban por certificados de defunción falsos y otros trámites que aceleraban las repatriaciones, según la investigación.
      El conseguidor

      Según se lee en un fragmento del sumario al que ha tenido acceso EL PAÍS, Rachid sería “el conseguidor” o “líder de la organización criminal” en la misión de conseguir adjudicarse los cadáveres —previa exhibición a sus familiares de datos, informaciones e incluso fotografías de los cuerpos—, y su posterior repatriación.

      Rachid estaba muy conectado con la comunidad musulmana y sería supuestamente el intermediario con consulados de los fallecidos, generalmente de Marruecos y Argelia. En el registro de su casa se encontraron 60.000 euros en efectivo “de origen desconocido”, sellos médicos a nombre de otro investigado por expedir un certificado de defunción presuntamente falsificado, licencias de enterramiento y dos coches de alta gama “con gran cantidad de billetes en su interior”.

      España carece de protocolos claros y homogéneos para facilitar que las familias puedan identificar a las víctimas de la inmigración irregular. Quien tiene medios e información sobre cómo proceder debería personarse en una comisaria o comandancia y denunciar la desaparición de su familiar. Para ello, si está en Marruecos o en Argelia, tendría que conseguir un visado para desplazarse a España o conseguir un apoderado que lo haga en su nombre. El proceso suele exigir pruebas de ADN y si, se complica, hasta un procurador y un abogado. Confirmar una muerte es, por lo general, una labor hercúlea que las familias no pueden asumir en la lejanía y sin hablar español.

      Ante las dificultades y la falta de canales adecuados, han ido apareciendo facilitadores que median entre las autoridades españolas y los parientes de los muertos. La mayoría lleva mucho tiempo haciéndolo de forma altruista, por convencimiento y sin cobrarlas, pero también han surgido aprovechadores que han hecho negocio con el dolor de cientos de familias que siguen sin saber adónde acudir.

      https://elpais.com/espana/2024-03-13/los-piratas-de-los-muertos-de-las-pateras-el-negocio-con-los-cuerpos-de-la-i

  • Epic Games just got unbanned by Apple — again - The Verge
    https://www.theverge.com/2024/3/8/24094543/epic-games-ios-developer-license-apple-dma

    / Epic Games CEO Tim Sweeney says its developer account was reinstated following “a swift inquiry” from the European Commission.

    Thierry Breton (Commissaire européen) sur X :
    https://twitter.com/ThierryBreton/status/1766167580497117464

    I take note with satisfaction that following our contacts Apple decided to backtrack its decision on Epic exclusion.

    From Day 2, #DMA is already showing very concrete results!

    #FreeFortnite

    #jeux_vidéo #jeu_vidéo #business #apple #epic_games #mobile #union_européenne #ue #dma #boutique

  • Apple Terminated Epic’s Developer Account - Epic Games
    https://www.epicgames.com/site/en-US/news/apple-terminated-epic-s-developer-account

    Apple has told us and committed to the European Commission that they will reinstate our developer account. This sends a strong signal to developers that the European Commission will act swiftly to enforce the Digital Markets Act and hold gatekeepers accountable. We are moving forward as planned to launch the Epic Games Store and bring Fortnite back to iOS in Europe. Onward!

    #jeux_vidéo #jeu_vidéo #business #apple #epic_games #concurrence #dma #ue #union_européenne #boutique #jeu_vidéo_fortnite #mobile

  • EA Hopes to Use Generative AI to Drive Monetization and Make Development 30% More Efficient | TechRaptor
    https://techraptor.net/gaming/news/ea-hopes-to-use-generative-ai-to-drive-more-monetization-and-make-develo

    peaking of efficiency, Wilson mentions that Electronic Arts’ business involves an "incredibly iterative development cycle" as pressing a button in a game doesn’t just need to trigger the desired effect, but it also needs to be fun. 

    As a result, game development is “incredibly time-consuming” and games are now taking six and seven years to build. 

    According to Wilson, a feasibility study across all of EA’s game development processes and about 60% of them have “high feasibility to be positively impacted by generative AI.”

    He brought up the example that in the past building a stadium for a sports game took six months. In the past year, it took six weeks, and it’s not unnatural to think that in the coming years, it’ll take six days. Wilson believes that extending this concept to every aspect of development could drive “meaningful efficiency.”

    He then explained that the goal in his mind is to use generative AI to make the company approximately 30% more efficient.

    #jeux_vidéo #jeu_vidéo #business #electronic_arts #ea #ia

  • The (many) costs of border control

    I have recently finished writing up a four-year study of the UK immigration detainee escorting system. This fully outsourced form of border control has not been the subject of academic inquiry before. While there is a growing body of work on deportation, few people have studied the process and its organisation in person, while sites of short-term detention have similarly been overlooked.

    The escorting contract is run as two separate businesses: ‘in-country’, known (confusingly for those more familiar with the US) as ICE, and Overseas, also referenced as OSE. ICE includes 31 sites of short-term immigration detention, many of which are in ports and airports including four in Northern France around Calais and Dunkirk, and a fleet of secure vans and vehicle bases. Overseas officers enforce removals and deportations. While staff may be cross deployed for ‘operational needs’, and some people do move from one part to another over the course of their careers, ICE and OSE are managed separately and staff in each tend to view themselves as distinct from colleagues working for the other.

    The study took many years to arrange and then was severely disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. It was one of the most taxing pieces of research I have ever done, and I am still recovering from it. A book about the project is currently in press and should be out later this year, with Princeton University Press. Here I explore some of the ‘costs’ of this system; in financial terms, in its impact on those employed within it, and on their communities. All these matters occur in the context of the impact of the system of those subject to it, as they are denied entry and forced to leave. As a researcher, I was also adversely affected by studying this system, but I shall leave reflections on that to a different piece.

    The current ten-year contract was awarded to Mitie, Care & Custody, in December 2017 at an estimated cost to the public of £525 million. Previous incumbents included Tascor, (part of the Capita group) and G4S. Like those competitors, Mitie holds many other contracts for a variety of public and private organisations. In their 2023 annual report, ‘Business Services’ (29%, £1172m) and ‘Technical’ Services (29% £1154m) provided the lion’s share of the company’s income, followed by ‘Central Government and Defence’ (20%, £828m). Profits generated by ‘Care & Custody’, which includes those generated by three immigration removal centres (Harmondsworth, Colnbrook and Derwentside) that are run under a different set of legal and financial arrangements, were not listed separately. Instead, they formed part of a general category of ‘Specialist Services’ made up of three other businesses areas: ‘Landscapes’, ‘Waste Management’ and, rather incongruously, ‘Spain’. Together, these four sets of contracts constituted just 10% of the company’s revenue (£411m) that year.

    The precise agreement that the Home Office signed for the services Mitie provides is hidden, like all contracts, under the veil of corporate confidentiality. But some information is available. The escorting contract, for instance, is subject to what is known as a ‘cap and collar’. This financial arrangement, which is designed to reduce exposure to financial risk for both parties, meant that during the pandemic, when the borders closed and the numbers detained in immigration removal centres dropped, that the company did not lose money. Despite detaining or deporting very few people, the collar ensured that staff continued to be paid as normal. Similarly, the cap means that Mitie is restricted in the additional costs they demand from the Home Office. The internal transportation of people under immigration act powers, for example, is paid for by ‘volume’, i.e. by the number of people moved within a daily requirement. Any additional movements that are requested that above that level generates profit for the company, but only within a set parameter.

    The cap and collar does not entirely protect Mitie from losing money. The contract includes a range of ‘service credits’, ie fines, which are applied by the Home office for cancellations, delays, injuries, and, escapes. The Home Office is also subject to small fines if they cancel a request without sufficient time for Mitie to redeploy the staff who had been assigned to the work.

    While a missed collection time (eg a person detained at a police station, who must be taken to an immigration removal centre) may incur Mitie a fine of £100, a delayed deportation would result in a fine ten times that sum, and a death ten times more again. These economic penalties form the basis of regular discussions between Mitie and the Home Office, as each side seeks to evade financial responsibility. They also shape the decisions of administrative staff who distribute detained people and the staff moving them, around the country and across the world. It is better to risk a £100 fine than a £1000 one.

    For staff, border control can also be considered in financial terms. This is not a particularly high paying job, even though salaries increased over the research period: they now hover around £30,000 for those employed to force people out of the country, and somewhat less for those who work in Short-term holding facilities. There is also, as with much UK employment, a north-south divide. A recent job ad for a post at Swinderby Residential Short-Term Holding Facility listed a salary of £26,520.54 for 42 hours a week; for two hours less work per week, a person could go to work in the nearby Vehicle base at Swinderby and earn £25,257.65. Down in Gatwick, the same kind of job in a vehicle base was advertised at £28,564.63. Both sums are well below the mean or median average salary for UK workers, which stand at £33,402 and £33,000 respectively. As a comparison, the salary for starting level prison officers, on band 3, is £32, 851, for fewer weekly hours.

    Under these conditions, it is not surprising to find that staff everywhere complained about their pay. Many struggled to make ends meet. As might be expected, there was a generational divide; unlike their older colleagues who were able to obtain a mortgage on their salary, younger people were often stuck either in the rental market or at home with their parents. Few felt they had many alternatives, not least because many of the sites of short-term holding facilities are in economically depressed areas of the UK, where good jobs are hard to come by. In any case, staff often had limited educational qualifications, with most having left school at 16.

    Border control has other kinds of costs. For those who are detained and deported, as well as their families and friends, these are likely to be highest of all, although they do not directly feature in my study since I did not speak to detained people. I could not see how interviewing people while they were being deported or detained at the border would be ethical. Yet the ethical and moral costs were plain to see. In the staff survey, for example, 12.35% of respondents reported suicidal thoughts in the past week, and 7.4% reported thoughts of self-harm over the same period. Both figures are considerably higher than the estimates for matters in the wider community.

    Finally, and this part is the springboard for my next project, there are clearly costs to the local community. When I first started visiting the short-term holding facility at Manston, near Dover, when the tents had only just gone up and the overcrowding had not yet begun, I was shocked at the size of it. A former RA base, it includes many buildings in various states of disrepair, which could have been redeveloped in any number of ways that did not include depriving people of their liberty. Perhaps it could have included affordable homes for those trapped in the rental market, as well as non-custodial accommodation for new arrivals, new schools, a hospital, perhaps some light industry or tech to employ people nearby. What would it take to work for a vision of the future which, in principle, would have room for us all?

    https://blogs.law.ox.ac.uk/border-criminologies-blog/blog-post/2024/03/many-costs-border-control
    #UK #Angleterre #rétention #détention_administrative #renvois #expulsions #business #ICE #OSE #Overseas #Calais #ports #aéroports #Dunkerque #privatisation #migrations #réfugiés #coûts #Mitie #Tascor #Care_&_Custody #G4S #Harmondsworth #Colnbrook #Derwentside #home_office #Swinderby_Residential_Short-Term_Holding_Facility #Swinderby #Gatwick #travail #salaire #contrôles_frontaliers #frontières #santé_mentale #suicides #Manston

  • Border security with drones and databases

    The EU’s borders are increasingly militarised, with hundreds of millions of euros paid to state agencies and military, security and IT companies for surveillance, patrols and apprehension and detention. This process has massive human cost, and politicians are planning to intensify it.

    Europe is ringed by steel fences topped by barbed wire; patrolled by border agents equipped with thermal vision systems, heartbeat detectors, guns and batons; and watched from the skies by drones, helicopters and planes. Anyone who enters is supposed to have their fingerprints and photograph taken for inclusion in an enormous biometric database. Constant additions to this technological arsenal are under development, backed by generous amounts of public funding. Three decades after the fall of the Berlin Wall, there are more walls than ever at Europe’s borders,[1] and those borders stretch ever further in and out of its territory. This situation is the result of long-term political and corporate efforts to toughen up border surveillance and controls.

    The implications for those travelling to the EU depend on whether they belong to the majority entering in a “regular” manner, with the necessary paperwork and permissions, or are unable to obtain that paperwork, and cross borders irregularly. Those with permission must hand over increasing amounts of personal data. The increasing automation of borders is reliant on the collection of sensitive personal data and the use of algorithms, machine learning and other forms of so-called artificial intelligence to determine whether or not an individual poses a threat.

    Those without permission to enter the EU – a category that includes almost any refugee, with the notable exception of those who hold a Ukrainian passport – are faced with technology, personnel and policies designed to make journeys increasingly difficult, and thus increasingly dangerous. The reliance on smugglers is a result of the insistence on keeping people in need out at any cost – and the cost is substantial. Thousands of people die at Europe’s borders every year, families are separated, and people suffer serious physical and psychological harm as a result of those journeys and subsequent administrative detention and social marginalisation. Yet parties of all political stripes remain committed to the same harmful and dangerous policies – many of which are being worsened through the new Pact on Migration and Asylum.[2]

    The EU’s border agency, Frontex, based in Warsaw, was first set up in 2004 with the aim of providing technical coordination between EU member states’ border guards. Its remit has been gradually expanded. Following the “migration crisis” of 2015 and 2016, extensive new powers were granted to the agency. As the Max Planck Institute has noted, the 2016 law shifted the agency from a playing “support role” to acting as “a player in its own right that fulfils a regulatory, supervisory, and operational role.”[3] New tasks granted to the agency included coordinating deportations of rejected refugees and migrants, data analysis and exchange, border surveillance, and technology research and development. A further legal upgrade in 2019 introduced even more extensive powers, in particular in relation to deportations, and cooperation with and operations in third countries.

    The uniforms, guns and batons wielded by Frontex’s border guards are self-evidently militaristic in nature, as are other aspects of its work: surveillance drones have been acquired from Israeli military companies, and the agency deploys “mobile radars and thermal cameras mounted on vehicles, as well as heartbeat detectors and CO2 monitors used to detect signs of people concealed inside vehicles.”[4] One investigation described the companies that have held lobbying meetings or attended events with Frontex as “a Who’s Who of the weapons industry,” with guests including Airbus, BAE Systems, Leonardo and Thales.[5] The information acquired from the agency’s surveillance and field operations is combined with data provided by EU and third country agencies, and fed into the European Border Surveillance System, EUROSUR. This offers a God’s-eye overview of the situation at Europe’s borders and beyond – the system also claims to provide “pre-frontier situational awareness.”

    The EU and its member states also fund research and development on these technologies. From 2014 to 2022, 49 research projects were provided with a total of almost €275 million to investigate new border technologies, including swarms of autonomous drones for border surveillance, and systems that aim to use artificial intelligence to integrate and analyse data from drones, satellites, cameras, sensors and elsewhere for “analysis of potential threats” and “detection of illegal activities.”[6] Amongst the top recipients of funding have been large research institutes – for example, Germany’s Fraunhofer Institute – but companies such as Leonardo, Smiths Detection, Engineering – Ingegneria Informatica and Veridos have also been significant beneficiaries.[7]

    This is only a tiny fraction of the funds available for strengthening the EU’s border regime. A 2022 study found that between 2015 and 2020, €7.7 billion had been spent on the EU’s borders and “the biggest parts of this budget come from European funding” – that is, the EU’s own budget. The total value of the budgets that provide funds for asylum, migration and border control between 2021-27 comes to over €113 billion[8]. Proposals for the next round of budgets from 2028 until 2035 are likely to be even larger.

    Cooperation between the EU, its member states and third countries on migration control comes in a variety of forms: diplomacy, short and long-term projects, formal agreements and operational deployments. Whatever form it takes, it is frequently extremely harmful. For example, to try to reduce the number of people arriving across the Mediterranean, member states have withdrawn national sea rescue assets (as deployed, for example, in Italy’s Mare Nostrum operation) whilst increasing aerial surveillance, such as that provided by the Israel-produced drones operated by Frontex. This makes it possible to observe refugees attempting to cross the Mediterranean, whilst outsourcing their interception to authorities from countries such as Libya, Tunisia and Egypt.

    This is part of an ongoing plan “to strengthen coordination of search and rescue capacities and border surveillance at sea and land borders” of those countries. [9] Cooperation with Tunisia includes refitting search and rescue vessels and providing vehicles and equipment to the Tunisian coastguard and navy, along with substantial amounts of funding. The agreement with Egypt appears to be structured along similar lines, and five vessels have been provided to the so-called Libyan Coast Guard in 2023.[10]

    Frontex also plays a key role in the EU’s externalised border controls. The 2016 reform allowed Frontex deployments at countries bordering the EU, and the 2019 reform allowed deployments anywhere in the world, subject to agreement with the state in question. There are now EU border guards stationed in Albania, Montenegro, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and North Macedonia.[11] The agency is seeking agreements with Niger, Senegal and Morocco, and has recently received visits from Tunisian and Egyptian officials with a view to stepping up cooperation.[12]

    In a recent report for the organisation EuroMed Rights, Antonella Napolitano highlighted “a new element” in the EU’s externalisation strategy: “the use of EU funds – including development aid – to outsource surveillance technologies that are used to entrench political control both on people on the move and local population.” Five means of doing so have been identified: provision of equipment; training; financing operations and procurement; facilitating exports by industry; and promoting legislation that enables surveillance.[13]

    The report highlights Frontex’s extended role which, even without agreements allowing deployments on foreign territory, has seen the agency support the creation of “risk analysis cells” in a number of African states, used to gather and analyse data on migration movements. The EU has also funded intelligence training in Algeria, digital evidence capacity building in Egypt, border control initiatives in Libya, and the provision of surveillance technology to Morocco. The European Ombudsman has found that insufficient attention has been given to the potential human rights impacts of this kind of cooperation.[14]

    While the EU and its member states may provide the funds for the acquisition of new technologies, or the construction of new border control systems, information on the companies that receive the contracts is not necessarily publicly available. Funds awarded to third countries will be spent in accordance with those countries’ procurement rules, which may not be as transparent as those in the EU. Indeed, the acquisition of information on the externalisation in third countries is far from simple, as a Statewatch investigation published in March 2023 found.[15]

    While EU and member state institutions are clearly committed to continuing with plans to strengthen border controls, there is a plethora of organisations, initiatives, campaigns and projects in Europe, Africa and elsewhere that are calling for a different approach. One major opportunity to call for change in the years to come will revolve around proposals for the EU’s new budgets in the 2028-35 period. The European Commission is likely to propose pouring billions more euros into borders – but there are many alternative uses of that money that would be more positive and productive. The challenge will be in creating enough political pressure to make that happen.

    This article was originally published by Welt Sichten, and is based upon the Statewatch/EuroMed Rights report Europe’s techno-borders.

    Notes

    [1] https://www.tni.org/en/publication/building-walls

    [2] https://www.statewatch.org/news/2023/december/tracking-the-pact-human-rights-disaster-in-the-works-as-parliament-makes

    [3] https://www.mpg.de/14588889/frontex

    [4] https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/dec/06/fortress-europe-the-millions-spent-on-military-grade-tech-to-deter-refu

    [5] https://frontexfiles.eu/en.html

    [6] https://www.statewatch.org/publications/reports-and-books/europe-s-techno-borders

    [7] https://www.statewatch.org/publications/reports-and-books/europe-s-techno-borders

    [8] https://www.statewatch.org/publications/reports-and-books/europe-s-techno-borders

    [9] https://www.statewatch.org/news/2023/november/eu-planning-new-anti-migration-deals-with-egypt-and-tunisia-unrepentant-

    [10] https://www.statewatch.org/media/4103/eu-com-von-der-leyen-ec-letter-annex-10-23.pdf

    [11] https://www.statewatch.org/analyses/2021/briefing-external-action-frontex-operations-outside-the-eu

    [12] https://www.statewatch.org/news/2023/november/eu-planning-new-anti-migration-deals-with-egypt-and-tunisia-unrepentant-, https://www.statewatch.org/publications/events/secrecy-and-the-externalisation-of-eu-migration-control

    [13] https://privacyinternational.org/challenging-drivers-surveillance

    [14] https://euromedrights.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Euromed_AI-Migration-Report_EN-1.pdf

    [15] https://www.statewatch.org/access-denied-secrecy-and-the-externalisation-of-eu-migration-control

    https://www.statewatch.org/analyses/2024/border-security-with-drones-and-databases
    #frontières #militarisation_des_frontières #technologie #données #bases_de_données #drones #complexe_militaro-industriel #migrations #réfugiés #contrôles_frontaliers #surveillance #sécurité_frontalière #biométrie #données_biométriques #intelligence_artificielle #algorithmes #smugglers #passeurs #Frontex #Airbus #BAE_Systems #Leonardo #Thales #EUROSUR #coût #business #prix #Smiths_Detection #Fraunhofer_Institute #Engineering_Ingegneria_Informatica #informatique #Tunisie #gardes-côtes_tunisiens #Albanie #Monténégro #Serbie #Bosnie-Herzégovine #Macédoine_du_Nord #Egypte #externalisation #développement #aide_au_développement #coopération_au_développement #Algérie #Libye #Maroc #Afrique_du_Nord

  • Report : Australian studio Torus Games effectively shuts down after 30 years
    https://www.gamedeveloper.com/business/report-australian-studio-torus-games-effectively-shuts-down-after-30-

    Melbourne-based studio Torus Games has effectively shut down after 30 years.

    […]

    Torus was established by Australian game developer Bill McIntosh in 1994 and has worked on a number of licensed titles including World War Z: Aftermath, Cartoon Network: Battle Crashers, Spider-Man: Battle for New York, and Shrek Smash N’ Crash Racing.

    Ce n’est qu’une goutte d’eau dans le torrent de licenciements qui secoue l’industrie mondiale du jeu vidéo, mais qui montre que même les petits studios sont touchés par le marasme économique du secteur, très paradoxal compte tenu de l’évolution des ventes de jeux.

    Pour mémoire, Kotaku énumère les licenciements dans le jeu vidéo depuis le début de l’année 2024 :

    59 Days Into 2024 And 8,100+ Video Game Layoffs Have Been Announced
    https://kotaku.com/game-industry-layoffs-how-many-2024-unity-twitch-1851155818

    #jeux_vidéo #jeu_vidéo #business #torus_games #fermeture

  • Sony studio Firesprite has been shedding talent amidst accusations of toxic culture, staff say | Eurogamer.net
    https://www.eurogamer.net/sony-studio-firesprite-has-been-shedding-talent-amidst-accusations-of-tox

    Most concerning are reports from sources that two senior leaders from Sony support studio XDev, brought in to help lead Firesprite, have since been accused of sexual discrimination and ageism. A subsequent internal investigation by Sony is said to have resulted in the claims being dismissed as a “misunderstanding”.

    #jeux_vidéo #jeu_vidéo #firespire #sony #xdev #business #ressources_humaines #emploi #discrimination #licenciements

  • Travailleurs saisonniers du #Maghreb : la #FNSEA lance son propre business

    Grâce à des #accords passés en #Tunisie et au #Maroc, le syndicat agricole a décidé de fournir des « saisonniers hors Union européenne » aux agriculteurs. Elle fait des prix de gros et recommande d’éviter de parler de « migrants ».

    Le syndicat de l’#agrobusiness ne laisse décidément rien au hasard. Après avoir mis des pions dans la banque, l’assurance, les oléoprotéagineux ou le biodiesel, la FNSEA vient de lancer un service destiné à fournir des saisonniers aux agriculteurs français. #Jérôme_Volle, vice-président du syndicat agricole, a organisé, mercredi, au Salon de l’agriculture, une réunion de présentation du dispositif, fermée au public et aux journalistes.

    Pour l’instant, la chambre d’agriculture Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (Paca) a été la seule à promouvoir ce « nouvel outil » destiné « à faire face à la pénurie de main-d’œuvre ». Le nom du service, « Mes #saisonniers_agricoles », a été déposé, le 9 janvier, à l’Institut national de la propriété industrielle (Inpi).

    Ce « #service_de_recrutement » de la FNSEA repose sur « un #partenariat avec les ministères et les partenaires emploi de la Tunisie et du Maroc » et ne proposera que des saisonniers recrutés hors Union européenne. Ce #service n’est pas sans but lucratif. Selon des documents obtenus par Mediapart, le syndicat s’apprête à facturer aux agriculteurs « 600 euros hors taxe » par saisonnier en cas de commande « de 1 à 3 saisonniers », mais il fait un prix « à partir du 4e saisonnier » : « 510 euros hors taxe le saisonnier ».

    Cette note interne précise qu’un montant de 330 euros est affecté à la « prestation fixe » du syndicat (« rétribution FNSEA »), pour la « recherche / formalité » et le fonctionnement de la « #cellule_recrutement ». Et qu’une rétribution de 270 euros, « ajustable », pourra être perçue par la fédération départementale du syndicat.

    Ces montants sont calculés « pour la première année », car la FNSEA propose aussi son « offre renouvellement », pour un ou plusieurs saisonniers « déjà venu(s) sur l’exploitation », soit « 120 euros hors taxe par saisonnier, puis au 4e 20 euros par saisonnier ». Le syndicat entend donc prélever sa dîme aussi pour les saisonniers déjà connus de l’employeur.

    « Le réseau FNSEA est le premier à mettre en place un schéma organisé et vertueux incluant la phase amont de #recrutement dans les pays hors UE », vante un autre document, qui précise les « éléments de langage » destinés à promouvoir le service « auprès des employeurs agricoles ». « La construction d’un cadre administratif conventionné a été réalisée en concertation avec les ministères de l’intérieur, du travail, des affaires étrangères, les agences pour l’emploi », indique ce document, qui signale que « les premiers pays engagés dans la démarche sont la Tunisie et le Maroc », mais que « d’autres suivront ».

    Dans le lot des récentes #concessions_gouvernementales à la FNSEA figure d’ailleurs la possible inscription de plusieurs #métiers_agricoles dans la liste des #métiers_en_tension – agriculteurs, éleveurs, maraîchers, horticulteurs, viticulteurs et arboriculteurs salariés. Cette mesure qui pourrait être prise par arrêté, le 2 mars, après consultation des partenaires sociaux, doit permettre d’accélérer les procédures de recrutement hors UE. Et devrait donc faciliter le fonctionnement de la cellule ad hoc du syndicat.

    Dans sa note de cadrage, la FNSEA avertit son réseau d’un « point de vigilance » sur le #vocabulaire à employer s’agissant des saisonniers et recommande d’éviter d’employer les termes « #migrant » ou « #primo-migrant » dans leur description du service.

    Le fonctionnement de la « cellule recrutement » des saisonniers n’est pas détaillé par la FNSEA. « Les candidats sont retenus selon les critères mis en place par un #comité_de_sélection composé d’exploitants qui examinent la pertinence des candidatures », précise seulement le syndicat.

    « L’exploitant retrouve le pouvoir de déterminer les compétences souhaitées pour les saisonniers qu’il recrute, il redevient donc maître de ses choix en matières RH. La FD [la fédération départementale – ndlr] l’accompagne et vérifie avec lui la cohérence de ses besoins avec les productions pratiquées (nombre de saisonniers, périodes, tâches). »

    –—

    Le précédent de Wizifarm

    « Nos saisonniers agricoles » n’est pas la première tentative de la FNSEA sur le marché du travail des saisonniers. En 2019, sa fédération départementale de la Marne et deux entreprises contrôlées par le syndicat avaient créé une #start-up, #Wizifarm, pour offrir aux agriculteurs une #plateforme de recrutement de saisonniers en ligne « en s’inspirant du modèle des sites de rencontre ». Lors du premier confinement, cette plateforme est mise à profit par la FNSEA et Pôle emploi pour tenter de fournir de la #main-d’œuvre à l’agriculture dans le cadre de l’opération « desbraspourtonassiette.wizi.farm ».

    La structure a été initialement capitalisée à hauteur de 800 000 euros par « l’apport en nature de logiciels » achetés par la FDSEA à la société #TER’informatique – présidée par le secrétaire général adjoint de la FDSEA, #Mickaël_Jacquemin –, et par l’apport de 100 000 euros de la société d’expertise comptable de la fédération, #AS_Entreprises – présidée par le président de la FDSEA #Hervé_Lapie.

    Cinq fédérations départementales du syndicat et la chambre d’agriculture de la Marne ont rejoint la start-up en 2021. Mais, fragile financièrement, Wizifarm s’essouffle. La société vote sa dissolution anticipée et sa mise en liquidation judiciaire fin 2022. Wizifarm laisse un passif de 1,3 million d’euros. Contactés, Hervé Lapie et Mickaël Jacquemin ont refusé de répondre aux questions de Mediapart.

    –—

    On ne sait pas précisément comment la cellule de la FNSEA fonctionnera avec ses « fédés » départementales mais « un process informatique national » doit charpenter l’initiative. Sollicité par Mediapart au Salon de l’agriculture, Jérôme Volle, artisan de ce dispositif, vice-président de la FNSEA et président de sa commission emploi, n’a pas souhaité répondre à nos questions.

    En 2022, il soulignait que « les filières viticoles et arboricoles », « très gourmandes en main-d’œuvre », étaient « les plus mobilisées dans la recherche de candidats », suivies par la filière maraîchage.

    Aucune des différentes notes de cadrage obtenues par Mediapart n’évoque la #rémunération des saisonniers ou leurs #conditions_de_travail ou d’hébergement, pourtant récemment au cœur de l’actualité. En septembre dernier, après la mort de quatre personnes lors des vendanges en Champagne, la Confédération paysanne avait demandé un « plan de vigilance et d’amélioration des conditions de travail et de rémunération » pour les saisonniers, ainsi que « le contrôle des sociétés de prestation de services internationales ».

    https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/france/290224/travailleurs-saisonniers-du-maghreb-la-fnsea-lance-son-propre-business
    #travail_saisonnier #saisonniers #agriculture #France #accords_bilatéraux #migrations #business

  • EA cutting 5% of workforce | GamesIndustry.biz
    https://www.gamesindustry.biz/ea-cutting-5-of-workforce

    Electronic Arts today announced that it is laying off approximately 5% of its employees as it leans in on the parts of the business it feels will be the most successful in the years to come.

    In its most recent annual report, the publisher gave its headcount as 13,400 as of the end of March 2023, which would put the job losses around 670 people.

    Le site Kotaku liste tous les plans de licenciements lancés en 2024 dans l’industrie du jeu vidéo mondiale :

    https://kotaku.com/game-industry-layoffs-how-many-2024-unity-twitch-1851155818

    #jeux_vidéo #jeu_vidéo #business #ea #electronic_arts #ressources_humaines #licenciements

  • Emmaüs Tarn-et-Garonne accusé d’avoir exploité des enfants | StreetPress
    https://www.streetpress.com/sujet/1709051448-emmaus-tarn-garonne-accuse-exploite-enfants-mineurs

    Christian Calmejane, trésorier d’#Emmaüs International jusqu’en 2023, aurait exploité des mineurs dans la communauté qu’il dirige dans le Tarn-et-Garonne. Agés de 14 à 17 ans, ils devaient trier les vêtements, gérer les espaces verts ou la crèche.

    La Ville-Dieu-du-Temple (82) – Ce 6 juin 2023 au petit matin, la brigade de recherche de Castelsarrasin, petite ville en banlieue de Montauban (82), interpellent quatre individus à leurs domiciles. Ils sont soupçonnés d’avoir détourné plus de 57.000 euros des caisses de l’association Emmaüs Tarn-et-Garonne. Parmi les gardés à vue, une figure du mouvement de l’Abbé Pierre : Christian Calmejane, ancien trésorier d’Emmaüs International – qui fédère l’ensemble des groupes dans le monde – et directeur de la communauté locale depuis 27 ans. Ce dernier a comparu devant le tribunal judiciaire de Montauban en novembre dernier et a été sommé de justifier un dépôt suspect de 83.000 euros en liquide sur ses comptes personnels. À la surprise générale, il a finalement été relaxé. Le procureur, qui avait requis contre lui 12 mois de prison avec sursis pour blanchiment aggravé et abus de confiance, a fait appel de la décision.

  • PlayStation Laying Off 900 Across Insomniac, Naughty Dog, Guerrilla, And More, Closing London Studio - Game Informer
    https://www.gameinformer.com/news/2024/02/27/playstation-laying-off-900-across-insomniac-naughty-dog-guerrilla-and-

    Sony Interactive Entertainment has announced layoffs at various PlayStation first-party studios, including Insomniac Games (Marvel’s Spider-Man), Naughty Dog (The Last of Us Part II), Guerrilla Games (Horizon Forbidden West), and Firesprite. It is also closing London Studio, the team behind PlayStation VR’s Blood & Truth and VR Worlds. In a statement released by head of PlayStation Studios Hermen Hulst, he seems to cite overgrowth as the reason for the layoffs. 

    PlayStation’s Technology, Creative, and Support teams are also affected by these layoffs, according to Hulst. He writes, “These are in addition to some smaller reductions in other teams across PlayStation Studios.” These layoffs will result in an 8 percent reduction of staff, or around 900 people losing their jobs.

    #jeux_vidéo #jeu_vidéo #business #sony #playstation #ressources_humaines #licenciements

  • Jason Schreier sur X : « BREAKING : PlayStation is laying off around 900 people across the world, the latest cut in a brutal 2024 for the video game industry » / X
    https://twitter.com/jasonschreier/status/1762463887369101350

    Oscar Lemaire sur X : « On parle beaucoup de crise dans l’industrie du jeu vidéo en ce moment, je rappelle quand même que la division jeux vidéo de Sony, qui vient d’annoncer 900 licenciements, connaît un bénéfice 63% supérieur à ce qu’elle gagnait à la même époque dans le cycle de la PS4. » / X
    https://twitter.com/oscarlemaire/status/1762513609156972888

    #jeux_vidéo #jeu_vidéo #business #sony #playstation #ressources_humaines #licenciements

  • Gli utili record dei padroni del cibo a scapito della sicurezza alimentare

    I cinque principali #trader di prodotti agricoli a livello mondiale hanno fatto registrare utili e profitti record tra il 2021 e il 2023. Mentre il numero di persone che soffrono la fame ha toccato i 783 milioni. Il report “Hungry for profits” della Ong SOMO individua le cause principali di questa situazione. E propone una tassa sui loro extra-profitti

    Tra il 2021 e il 2022 -anni in cui il numero di persone che soffrono la fame nel mondo è tornato ad aumentare, così come i prezzi dei beni agricoli spinti verso l’alto da inflazione e speculazione finanziaria- i profitti dei primi cinque trader di materie prime agricole a livello globale sono schizzati verso l’alto.

    Nel 2022 le multinazionali riunite sotto l’acronimo Abccd (Archer-Daniels-Midland company, Cargill, Cofco e Louis Dreyfus Company) hanno comunicato ai propri stakeholder un aumento degli utili per il 2021 compreso tra il 75% e il 260% rispetto al 2016-2020. “Mentre nel 2022 i profitti netti sono raddoppiati o addirittura triplicati rispetto allo stesso periodo. In base ai rapporti finanziari trimestrali disponibili al pubblico, i profitti netti dei commercianti di materie prime agricole sono rimasti eccessivamente alti nei primi nove mesi del 2023”, si legge nel rapporto “Hungry for profits” curato dalla Ong olandese Somo. Dati che fanno comprendere meglio quali sono i fattori che influenzano l’andamento del costo dei prodotti agricoli e -soprattutto- chi sono i reali vincitori dell’attuale sistema agroindustriale.

    La statunitense Cargill è la prima tra i Big five in termini di ricavi (165 miliardi di dollari nel 2022) e utili (6,6 miliardi), seguita dalla cinese Cofco (che nello stesso anno ha superato i 108 miliardi di dollari e i 3,3 miliardi di utili) e da Archer-Daniels-Midland company (Adm, con 101 miliardi di ricavi e 4,3 miliardi di utili). Nello stesso anno il numero di persone che soffrono la fame ha raggiunto i 783 milioni (122 milioni in più rispetto al 2019) e i prezzi dei prodotti alimentari hanno continuato a crescere, spinti dall’inflazione.

    Complessivamente questi cinque colossi detengono una posizione di oligopolio sul mercato globale dei prodotti di base come i cereali (di cui controllano una quota che va dal 70-90%), soia e zucchero. “Questo alto grado di concentrazione e il conseguente controllo sulle più importanti materie prime agricole del mondo, conferisce loro un enorme potere contrattuale per plasmare il panorama alimentare globale”, spiega Vincent Kiezebrink, ricercatore di Somo e autore della ricerca.

    La posizione dominante che di fatto ricoprono sul mercato globale rappresenta uno dei fattori che ha permesso agli Abccd di registrare profitti e utili da record negli ultimi tre anni. “La sola Cargill è responsabile della movimentazione del 25% di tutti i cereali e i semi di soia prodotti dagli agricoltori statunitensi -si legge nel report-. Anche il principale mercato agricolo per l’approvvigionamento di soia, l’America Latina, è dominato dagli Abccd: oltre la metà di tutte le esportazioni di questo prodotto passano da loro”.

    La situazione non cambia se si guarda a quello che succede in Europa: l’olandese Bunge e la statunitense Cargill da sole sono responsabili di oltre il 30% delle esportazioni di soia dal Brasile verso l’Unione europea. Bunge, in particolare, è il principale fornitore di soia per l’industria della carne dell’Ue con una chiara posizione di monopolio in alcuni mercati come il Portogallo, dove controlla il 90-100% delle vendite di olio di soia grezzo.

    Questa concentrazione è stata costruita nel tempo attraverso fusioni e acquisizioni che non sono state limitate dalle autorità per la concorrenza: quelle europee, ad esempio, hanno valutato un totale di 60 fusioni relative alle società Abccd dal 1990 a oggi. “Tutte le operazioni, tranne una, sono state autorizzate incondizionatamente -si legge nel report-. La prossima grande fusione in arrivo è quella tra la canadese Viterra (specializzata nella produzione e nel commercio di cereali, ndr) e Bunge. Un’operazione senza precedenti nel settore agricolo globale e che avvicinerà la nuova società alle dimensioni di Adm e Cargill”.

    Un secondo elemento che ha permesso a queste Big five di accumulare ricavi senza precedenti in questi anni è poi la loro capacità di influenzare la disponibilità dei beni alimentari attraverso un’enorme potenzialità di stoccaggio. “Il rapporto speciale 2022 del Gruppo internazionale di esperti sui sistemi alimentari sostenibili (Ipes) ha evidenziato che i trader conservano notevoli riserve di cereali -si legge nel report-. E sono incentivati ‘a trattenere le scorte fino a quando i prezzi vengono percepiti come massimi’”. Per avere un’idea delle quantità di materie prime in ballo, basti pensare che la capacità di stoccaggio combinata di Adm, Bunge e Cofco, è pari a circa 68 milioni di tonnellate, è simile al consumo annuo di grano di Stati Uniti, Turchia e Regno Unito messi assieme.

    Terzo e ultimo elemento individuato nel report è il fatto che queste società sono integrate verticalmente e hanno il pieno controllo della filiera produttiva dal campo alla tavola: forniscono cioè agli agricoltori prestiti, sementi, fertilizzanti e pesticidi; immagazzinano, trasformano e trasportano i prodotti alimentari.

    A fronte di questa situazione, Somo ha invitato la Commissione europea a intervenire per porre un freno alla crescente monopolizzazione del comparto: “L’indagine dovrebbe concentrarsi sul potere che può essere esercitato nei confronti dei fornitori per comprimere i loro margini di profitto -concludono i ricercatori-. È preoccupante che alle multinazionali sia stato permesso di triplicare i loro profitti facendo salire i prezzi degli alimenti, mentre le persone in tutto il mondo soffrono di una crisi del costo della vita e i più poveri sono alla fame”. Per questo motivo l’organizzazione suggerisce di applicare un’imposta sugli extra-profitti delle società Abccd che, con un’ipotetica aliquota fiscale del 33%. A fronte di utili che hanno toccato i 5,7 miliardi di dollari nel 2021 e i 6,4 miliardi nel 2022, permetterebbe di generare un gettito fiscale pari rispettivamente a 1,8 e 2 miliardi di dollari.

    https://altreconomia.it/gli-utili-record-dei-padroni-del-cibo-a-scapito-della-sicurezza-aliment
    #agriculture #business #profits #industrie_agro-alimentaire #sécurité_alimentaire #inflation #Archer-Daniels-Midland_company #Cargill #Cofco #Louis_Dreyfus_Company (#Abccd) #oligopole #céréales #soja #sucre

  • Microsoft: four Xbox-exclusive games are coming to PS5 and Nintendo Switch - The Verge
    https://www.theverge.com/2024/2/15/24073691/microsoft-xbox-games-ps5-nintendo-switch-exclusivity

    It’s official: Microsoft is bringing some Xbox-exclusive games to PS5 and Nintendo Switch. It’s part of a broader strategy shift inside Microsoft’s gaming business to grow games beyond just the company’s Xbox consoles.

    #jeux_vidéo #jeu_vidéo #business #microsoft #console_xbox #console_playstation #console_switch #exclusivité

  • Microsoft prepares to take Xbox everywhere - The Verge
    https://www.theverge.com/2024/2/12/24067370/microsoft-xbox-playstation-switch-games-future-hardware

    Microsoft’s Xbox business needs to get bigger. The company’s Xbox Series S and X sales still lag behind Sony’s PlayStation 5, and Microsoft Gaming CEO Phil Spencer has previously admitted its Xbox Game Pass subscriptions were slowing down, too. He admitted that in 2022, a dry year for Xbox games after Microsoft’s big exclusive Bethesda game Starfield was delayed.

    An Xbox Game Pass slowdown might be why I’m hearing that a number of Xbox exclusives are coming to consoles with which Microsoft usually competes. Sources familiar with Microsoft’s plans tell The Verge that the company is getting ready to launch a select number of Xbox games on PS5 and Nintendo Switch. Weeks of rumors suggest that Hi-Fi Rush, Sea of Thieves, and even Bethesda titles like Starfield and Indiana Jones could appear on non-Xbox platforms.

    #jeux_vidéo #jeu_vidéo #business #microsoft #console_xbox #console_playstation #console_switch #analyse #rumeur

  • Disney and Epic Games to Create Expansive and Open Games and Entertainment Universe Connected to Fortnite - The Walt Disney Company
    https://thewaltdisneycompany.com/disney-and-epic-games-fortnite

    The Walt Disney Company and Epic Games will collaborate on an all-new games and entertainment universe that will further expand the reach of beloved Disney stories and experiences. Disney will also invest $1.5 billion to acquire an equity stake in Epic Games alongside the multiyear project. The transaction is subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory approvals.

    #jeux_vidéo #jeu_vidéo #business #the_walt_disney_company #disney #epic_games #acquisition #finance #partenariat

  • Microsoft’s recent layoffs contradict what the company promised of its merger, the FTC says. - The Verge
    https://www.theverge.com/2024/2/7/24065150/microsofts-recent-layoffs-contradict-what-the-company-promised-of-its-merg

    Microsoft’s recent layoffs contradict what the company promised of its merger, the FTC says.

    Pour le détail des observations de la FTC, voir les captures jointes à ce Tweet :
    https://twitter.com/tomwarren/status/1755309305866154194

    Réponse de Microsoft :
    Microsoft says Activision was already planning ‘significant’ layoffs. - The Verge
    https://www.theverge.com/2024/2/8/24066089/microsoft-says-activision-was-already-planning-significant-layoffs

    Microsoft says Activision was already planning ‘significant’ layoffs.

    Plus détaillée dans ce Tweet :
    https://twitter.com/tomwarren/status/1755626533048209882

    #jeux_vidéo #jeu_vidéo #microsoft #acivision_blizzard #ftc #business #rachat #acquisition #finance #ressources_humaines #licenciements

  • Appel à la grève à Ubisoft le 14 février - 02/02/2024 à 08:19 - Boursorama
    https://www.boursorama.com/actualite-economique/actualites/appel-a-la-greve-a-ubisoft-le-14-fevrier-5f98481067f330df46abf67d4b83a70

    Le syndicat des travailleurs et travailleuses du jeu vidéo (STJV), Solidaires Informatique et la CFE-CGC Fieci appellent à une grève nationale des salariés d’Ubisoft France le 14 février pour dénoncer des hausses de salaires jugées insuffisantes, ont-ils annoncé jeudi.

    #jeux_vidéo #jeu_vidéo #business #ubisoft #ressources_humaines #stjv #solidaires_informatique #cfe_cgc_fieci #grève #salaires #pouvoir_d_achat

  • #Frontex, Cutro è un ricordo sbiadito: sorvegliare dall’alto resta la priorità

    Un anno dopo la strage, l’Agenzia europea della guardia di frontiera investe ancora su velivoli per sorvolare il Mediterraneo. Dal 2016 a oggi la spesa supera mezzo miliardo di euro. Una strategia dagli esiti noti: più respinti e più morti

    Frontex è pronta a investire altri 158 milioni di euro per sorvegliare dall’alto il Mediterraneo. A un anno dal naufragio di Steccato di Cutro (KR), costato la vita a 94 persone, la strategia dell’Agenzia che sorveglia le frontiere esterne europee non cambia. Anzi, si affina con “occhi” sempre più efficaci per rintracciare e osservare dall’alto le imbarcazioni in difficoltà. “Si continua a pensare che Frontex sia un’innocua gregaria degli Stati, senza responsabilità -spiega Laura Salzano, docente di diritto dell’Ue presso l’Università di Barcellona-. Ma in mare, sempre di più, le sue attività hanno conseguenze dirette sulla vita delle persone”.

    Lo racconta, in parte, anche la strage di Cutro del 26 febbraio 2023. Alle 22.26 della sera prima infatti fu l’Agenzia, attraverso il velivolo “Eagle 1”, a individuare per prima la “Summer love” e a segnalarla, quand’era a circa 40 miglia delle coste crotonesi, al Frontex coordination centre. Da Varsavia le coordinate della nave furono girate alle autorità competenti: tra queste anche l’International coordination centre (ICC) di Pratica di mare (RM) in cui, allo stesso tavolo, siedono le autorità italiane e la stessa Agenzia che ha il dovere di monitorare quello che succede. “Nonostante fosse noto che c’erano persone nella ‘pancia della nave’ e il meteo stesse peggiorando, si è deciso di attivare un’operazione di polizia e non di ‘ricerca e soccorso’ -spiega Salzano-. Questa classificazione a mio avviso errata è responsabilità anche dell’Agenzia”. Un errore che potrebbe aver inciso anche sul ritardo nei soccorsi.

    Lo stabilirà la Procura di Crotone che, a metà gennaio 2024, non ha ancora chiuso le indagini sulla strage. Qualcosa di quanto successo quella sera, però, si sa già, perché il processo contro i presunti manovratori dell’imbarcazione è già in fase di dibattimento. “La prima barca della Guardia costiera -spiega Francesco Verri, avvocato di decine di familiari delle vittime- arriva sul luogo del naufragio alle 6.50, quasi tre ore dopo il naufragio: salva due persone ma recupera anche il cadavere di un bambino morto di freddo. Perché ci hanno impiegato così tanto tempo per percorrere poche miglia nautiche? Sulla spiaggia la pattuglia è arrivata un’ora e 35 minuti dopo il naufragio. Da Crotone a Cutro ci vogliono dieci minuti di macchina”. Domande a cui dovranno rispondere le autorità italiane.

    Al di là delle responsabilità penali, però, quanto successo quella notte mostra l’inadeguatezza del sistema dei soccorsi di cui la sorveglianza aerea è un tassello fondamentale su cui Frontex continua a investire. Con importi senza precedenti.

    Quando Altreconomia va in stampa, a metà gennaio, l’Agenzia sta ancora valutando le offerte arrivate per il nuovo bando da 158 milioni di euro per due servizi di monitoraggio aereo: uno a medio raggio, entro le 151 miglia nautiche dall’aeroporto di partenza (budget di 100 milioni), l’altro a lungo raggio che può superare le 401 miglia di distanza (48 milioni).

    https://pixelfed.zoo-logique.org/i/web/post/658926323750966119

    Documenti di gara alla mano, una delle novità più rilevanti riguarda i cosiddetti “Paesi ospitanti” delle attività di monitoraggio: si prevede infatti espressamente che possano essere anche Stati non appartenenti all’Unione europea. In sostanza: il velivolo potrebbe partire da una base in Tunisia o Libia; e, addirittura, si prevede che un host country liaison officer, ovvero un agente di “contatto” delle autorità di quel Paese, possa salire a bordo dell’aeromobile. “Bisogna capire se sarà fattibile operativamente -sottolinea Salzano-. Ma non escludere questa possibilità nel bando è grave: sono Paesi che non sono tenuti a rispettare gli standard europei”.

    Mentre lavora per dispiegare la sua flotta anche sull’altra sponda del Mediterraneo, Frontex investe sulla “qualità” dei servizi richiesti. Nel bando si richiede infatti che il radar installato sopra il velivolo sia in grado di individuare (per poi poter fotografare) un oggetto di piccole dimensioni a quasi dieci chilometri di distanza e uno “medio” a quasi 19. Prendendo ad esempio il caso delle coste libiche, più la “potenza di fuoco” è elevata più il velivolo potrà essere distante dalle coste del Nordafrica ma comunque individuare le imbarcazioni appena partite.

    La distanza, in miglia nautiche, che l’ultimo bando pubblicato da Frontex nel novembre 2023 prevede tra l’aeroporto di partenza del velivolo e l’area di interesse da sorvolare è di 401 miglia. Nella prima gara riguardante questi servizi, pubblicata dall’agenzia nell’agosto 2016, la distanza massima prevista era di 200 miglia

    Frontex sa che, oltre alla componente meccanica, l’efficienza “tecnica” dei suoi droni è fondamentale. Per questo il 6 e 7 settembre 2023 ha riunito a Varsavia 16 aziende del settore per discutere delle nuove frontiere tecnologiche dei “velivoli a pilotaggio remoto”. A presentare i propri prodotti c’era anche l’italiana Leonardo Spa, leader europeo nel settore aerospaziale e militare, che già nel 2018 aveva siglato un accordo da 1,6 milioni di euro per fornire droni all’Agenzia.

    L’ex Finmeccanica è tra le 15 aziende che hanno vinto i bandi pubblicati da Frontex per la sorveglianza aerea. Se si guarda al numero di commesse aggiudicate, il trio formato da DEA Aviation (Regno Unito), CAE Aviation (Stati Uniti) ed EASP Air (Spagna) primeggia con oltre otto contratti siglati. Valutando l’importo delle singole gare, a farla da padrone sono invece due colossi del settore militare: la tedesca Airbus DS e la Elbit System, principale azienda che rifornisce l’esercito israeliano, che si sono aggiudicate in cordata due gare (2020 e 2022) per 125 milioni di euro. Dal 2016 a oggi, il totale investito per questi servizi supera i cinquecento milioni di euro.

    “La sorveglianza è una delle principali voci di spesa dell’Agenzia -spiega Ana Valdivia, professoressa all’Oxford internet institute che da anni analizza i bandi di Frontex- insieme a tutte le tecnologie che trasformano gli ‘eventi reali’ in dati”. E la cosiddetta “datificazione” ha un ruolo di primo piano anche nel Mediterraneo. “La fotografia di una barca in distress ha un duplice scopo: intercettarla ma anche avere un’evidenza digitale, una prova, che una determinata persona era a bordo -aggiunge Valdivia-. Questa è la ‘sorveglianza’: non un occhio che ci guarda giorno e notte, ma una memoria digitale capace di ricostruire in futuro la nostra vita. Anche per i migranti”. E per chi è su un’imbarcazione diretta verso l’Europa è vitale a chi finiscono le informazioni.

    Nell’ultimo bando pubblicato da Frontex, si prevede che “il contraente trasferirà i dati a sistemi situati in un Paese terzo se è garantito un livello adeguato di protezione”. “Fanno finta di non sapere che non possono farlo -aggiunge Salzano- non potendo controllare che Paesi come la Tunisia e la Libia non utilizzino quei dati, per esempio, per arrestare le persone in viaggio una volta respinte”. Quello che si sa, invece, è che quei dati -nello specifico le coordinate delle navi- vengono utilizzate per far intervenire le milizie costiere libiche. Per questo motivo i droni si avvicinano sempre di più alla Libia. Se nel 2016 l’Agenzia, nella prima gara pubblicata per questa tipologia di servizi, parlava di area operativa nelle “vicinanze” con le coste italiane e greche, fino a 200 miglia nautiche dall’aeroporto di partenza, dal 2020 in avanti questa distanza ha superato le 401 miglia.

    Lorenzo Pezzani, professore associato di Geografia all’università di Bologna, ha esaminato giorno per giorno i tracciati di “Heron”, il più importante drone della flotta di Frontex: nel 2021 l’attività di volo si è concentrata tra Zuara e Tripoli, il tratto di costa libica da cui partiva la maggior parte delle barche.

    “Il numero di respingimenti delle milizie libiche -spiega Pezzani autore dello studio “Airborne complicity” pubblicato a inizio dicembre 2022- cresce all’aumentare delle ore di volo del drone e allo stesso tempo la mortalità non diminuisce, a differenza di quanto dichiarato dall’Agenzia”. Che tramite il suo direttore Hans Leijtens, entrato in carica a pochi giorni dal naufragio di Cutro, nega di avere accordi o rapporti diretti con la Libia. “Se è così, com’è possibile che un drone voli così vicino alle coste di uno Stato sovrano?”, si chiede Salzano. Chi fornirà il “nuovo” servizio per Frontex dovrà cancellare le registrazioni video entro 72 ore. Meglio non lasciare troppe tracce in giro.

    https://altreconomia.it/frontex-cutro-e-un-ricordo-sbiadito-sorvegliare-dallalto-resta-la-prior
    #migrations #réfugiés #frontières #militarisation_des_frontières #complexe_militaro-industriel #business #Méditerranée #mer_Méditerranée #Cutro #surveillance_aérienne #Leonardo #Elbit_System #Airbus #host_country_liaison_officer #radar #technologie #DEA_Aviation #CAE_Aviation #EASP_Air #Libye #gardes-côtes_libyens