city:san jose

Instagram, Messenger, WhatsApp : comment Facebook veut séduire les entreprises
▻https://www.zdnet.fr/actualites/instagram-messenger-whatsapp-comment-facebook-veut-seduire-les-entreprises-398

« Le futur est privé » a martelé comme un mantra Mark Zuckerberg, lors de la keynote qui a ouvert la conférence Facebook F8, grand raout annuel organisé par l’entreprise à San Jose, dans la Silicon Valley. L’entrepreneur a d’emblée évoqué les travaux de fond effectués par son entreprise pour mieux protéger la vie privée de ses utilisateurs, dont une refonte des infrastructures et l’accent mis sur le chiffrement des conversations. Facebook est depuis plus d’un an empêtré dans une succession de scandales (...)

#Facebook #Instagram #Messenger #WhatsApp #BigData #marketing

https://www.zdnet.fr/i/edit/ne/2019/03/zuck_620.JPG

Mark Zuckerberg : « Je souhaite clarifier la manière dont Facebook fonctionne »
▻https://www.lemonde.fr/idees/article/2019/01/25/mark-zuckerberg-je-souhaite-clarifier-la-maniere-dont-facebook-fonctionne_54

https://img.lemde.fr/2019/01/18/389/0/3716/1856/1440/720/60/0/8e60ea6_1d0fed9de3574ac99f2ee45dca769842-1d0fed9de3574ac99f2ee45dca769842-0.jpg

Face aux critiques, le fondateur et PDG du réseau social défend, dans une tribune publiée par « Le Monde », le « Wall Street Journal » et plusieurs titres européens, le modèle économique de son service, fondé sur la gratuité et la publicité ciblée.

Par Mark Zuckerberg Publié le 25 janvier 2019 à 01h00 - Mis à jour le 25 janvier 2019 à 07h02

Le PDG de Facebook, Mark Zuckerberg, le 1er mai 2018, à San José (Californie). MARCIO JOSE SANCHEZ / AP

Tribune. Le 4 février, Facebook aura quinze ans. Lorsque j’ai lancé Facebook, mon but n’était pas de bâtir une entreprise mondiale. A l’époque, j’ai réalisé que l’on pouvait presque tout trouver sur Internet – musique, livres, informations –, tout, à l’exception de ce qui compte le plus : les gens. J’ai donc créé un service que chacun peut utiliser pour se rapprocher des autres et mieux les connaître. Au fil des années, des milliards de personnes l’ont trouvé utile, et nous avons créé de nouveaux services appréciés et utilisés tous les jours, partout dans le monde.

Ces derniers temps, beaucoup de questions ont émergé autour de notre modèle économique, c’est pourquoi je souhaite clarifier la manière dont nous fonctionnons. Je suis convaincu que tout le monde doit pouvoir faire entendre sa voix et interagir. Si nous nous engageons à servir tout le monde, alors notre service doit être accessible à tous. La meilleure façon d’y parvenir, c’est d’offrir un service gratuit, et c’est ce que permet la publicité.
Transparence et contrôle sur les publicités

Les gens nous disent que s’ils doivent voir des publicités, celles-ci doivent être pertinentes pour eux. Pour cela, nous devons comprendre leurs centres d’intérêt. Nous créons donc des catégories – par exemple, « personne aimant le jardinage et vivant en Espagne » – à partir des pages qu’ils aiment ou encore des contenus sur lesquels ils cliquent.

Puis, nous facturons les annonceurs pour qu’ils puissent montrer leurs publicités à ces catégories de personnes. La réclame à destination de groupes spécifiques existait bien avant Internet, mais la publicité en ligne permet désormais d’être plus précis et pertinent.

Internet permet aussi d’offrir une plus grande transparence et un plus grand contrôle sur les publicités que vous voyez, par rapport à la télévision, la radio ou la presse écrite.

Sur nos services, vous pouvez gérer les informations que nous utilisons pour vous montrer des publicités, et vous pouvez empêcher n’importe quel annonceur de vous atteindre. Vous pouvez savoir pourquoi vous voyez une réclame, et modifier vos préférences pour voir celles qui vous intéressent. Vous pouvez également utiliser nos outils de transparence pour voir les différentes publicités qu’un annonceur diffuse auprès d’autres personnes.

Les pièges à clics et autres contenus sensationnalistes peuvent générer des interactions à court terme, mais il serait insensé de notre part de les mettre en avant de manière intentionnelle

Néanmoins, certains s’inquiètent de la complexité de ce modèle. Dans une transaction classique, vous payez une entreprise pour un produit ou un service qu’elle fournit. C’est simple. Dans notre cas, pour que vous puissiez utiliser nos services gratuitement, nous travaillons avec les annonceurs pour vous montrer des publicités pertinentes. Ce modèle peut sembler opaque, et nous avons tous tendance à nous méfier de systèmes que nous ne comprenons pas.

Parfois, les gens en déduisent que nous faisons des choses que nous ne faisons pas. Par exemple, nous ne vendons pas les données des gens, contrairement à ce qui est souvent rapporté. En réalité, vendre les données des utilisateurs aux annonceurs irait à l’encontre de nos intérêts commerciaux, car cela réduirait la valeur intrinsèque de notre service pour ces derniers. Il est donc dans notre intérêt de protéger les données personnelles et d’empêcher qu’elles soient accessibles à d’autres.

Certains s’inquiètent du fait que la publicité crée un décalage entre nos intérêts et ceux des gens qui utilisent nos services. On me demande souvent si nous avons intérêt à accroître l’engagement sur Facebook parce que cela crée plus d’opportunités publicitaires, même si cela est fait au détriment de l’intérêt de nos utilisateurs.

Je tiens à être clair : nous déployons beaucoup d’efforts pour permettre aux gens de partager et d’interagir davantage, car l’essence même de notre service est de les aider à rester en contact avec leur famille, leurs amis et leurs communautés.

Mais d’un point de vue commercial, il est important que le temps des gens soit utilisé à bon escient, sinon, à terme, ils n’auront plus autant recours à nos services. Les pièges à clics et autres contenus sensationnalistes peuvent générer des interactions à court terme, mais il serait insensé de notre part de les mettre en avant de manière intentionnelle, parce que ce n’est pas ce que les gens veulent.
Article réservé à nos abonnés Lire aussi Mark Zuckerberg : « Ensemble redéfinissons l’égalité des chances »

Par ailleurs, on nous demande si nous laissons des contenus nuisibles ou conflictuels sur nos services, au motif qu’ils généreraient plus de trafic. La réponse est non.

Les gens nous disent constamment qu’ils ne veulent pas voir ce type de contenu. Les annonceurs ne veulent pas non plus que leurs marques y soient associées. Ces contenus inappropriés peuvent parfois rester sur nos services pour une seule raison : les équipes et les systèmes d’intelligence artificielle sur lesquels nous nous appuyons pour les examiner ne sont pas parfaits. Nous n’avons aucun intérêt à les ignorer. Nos systèmes continuent d’évoluer et de se perfectionner.

Enfin, le modèle publicitaire soulève la question importante de l’intérêt pour des entreprises comme la nôtre d’utiliser et de stocker plus d’informations que nécessaire pour fournir des services aux consommateurs.

En accord avec le RGPD

Sur ce sujet, il ne fait aucun doute que nous recueillons certaines informations pour les publicités, mais ces informations sont également importantes pour la sécurité et l’exploitation de nos services. Par exemple, les entreprises utilisent souvent des codes informatiques dans leurs applications et sites Web afin que, lorsqu’une personne consulte un article, elles puissent lui montrer une publicité lui proposant de terminer son achat.

Mais, ce type d’informations peut aussi être important pour détecter les fraudes ou les faux comptes. Nous donnons à nos utilisateurs un contrôle total sur l’utilisation éventuelle de ces informations à des fins publicitaires, mais pas à des fins de sécurité ou pour le fonctionnement de nos services.

Selon une enquête réalisée à l’échelle mondiale, la moitié des entreprises sur Facebook affirment avoir embauché plus de personnes depuis qu’elles y sont présentes

Et lorsque, en accord avec le Règlement général sur la protection des données (RGPD), nous avons demandé aux gens la permission d’utiliser ces informations pour améliorer les publicités qu’ils voient, la grande majorité a donné son accord, car ils préfèrent voir des réclames plus pertinentes.

En définitive, je suis convaincu qu’en matière de données, la transparence, le choix et le contrôle sont les principes les plus importants. Nous devons être clairs sur la façon dont nous utilisons les données, et les gens doivent avoir des choix clairs sur la façon dont ils veulent que leurs données soient utilisées. Nous pensons qu’une régulation d’Internet fondée sur ces principes serait bénéfique pour tous.

Service gratuit, croissance, emplois

Il y a des avantages évidents à ce modèle économique. Des milliards de personnes bénéficient d’un service gratuit pour rester en contact avec leurs proches et s’exprimer. Des petites entreprises du monde entier bénéficient d’outils pour accélérer leur croissance et créer des emplois.

Il y a plus de 90 millions de petites entreprises sur Facebook, et elles représentent une grande partie de nos activités. La plupart n’ont pas le budget pour passer des réclames à la télévision ou s’offrir des panneaux publicitaires, mais désormais, elles ont accès aux outils que seules les grandes entreprises pouvaient s’offrir.
Article réservé à nos abonnés Lire aussi Comment réglementer Facebook ? Le débat agite les Etats-Unis

Cela offre d’énormes opportunités, puisque ce sont aujourd’hui les petites entreprises qui créent le plus d’emplois et de croissance économique à travers le monde. Selon une enquête réalisée à l’échelle mondiale, la moitié des entreprises sur Facebook affirment avoir embauché plus de personnes depuis qu’elles y sont présentes. Cela signifie qu’elles utilisent nos services pour créer des millions d’emplois.

Pour nous, la technologie a toujours consisté à mettre le pouvoir entre les mains du plus grand nombre. Si vous croyez en un monde où chacun peut faire entendre sa voix et avoir une chance d’être entendu, où chacun peut créer une entreprise à partir de rien, alors il est important que la technologie soit au service de tous. C’est le monde que nous contribuons à construire, et notre modèle économique rend cela possible.

Mark Zuckerberg (Fondateur et PDG de Facebook)

#Facebook #Zuckerberg

Venezuela : une trentaine d’émeutes à la veille d’une journée de manifestations contre Maduro
▻https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2019/01/22/venezuela-une-trentaine-d-emeutes-a-la-veille-d-une-journee-de-manifestation

https://img.lemde.fr/2019/01/22/464/0/5568/2784/1440/720/60/0/2303f91_5093729-01-06.jpg

Ces manifestations se sont déroulées dans différents quartiers de Caracas avec l’objectif de soutenir les militaires qui se sont insurgés lundi contre le régime du président Nicolas Maduro.
[…]
Ces violences ont fait monter la tension, à la veille d’une journée de grandes manifestations mercredi – jour de célébration du 61e anniversaire de la chute de la dictature de Marcos Pérez Jiménez, le 24 janvier 1958. L’opposition a appelé à une mobilisation dans tout le pays pour réclamer la mise en place d’un gouvernement de transition et l’organisation de nouvelles élections. Il s’agira de la première mobilisation d’envergure après les grandes manifestations de 2017, qui ont fait 125 morts.
Les partisans du président socialiste ont, de leur côté, prévu également d’importants rassemblements à travers le pays pour défendre la légitimité du deuxième mandat de six ans de Nicolas Maduro, investi le 10 janvier. Un mandat contesté par l’opposition, majoritaire au Parlement, et non reconnu par une grande partie de la communauté internationale.

Major #facebook Updates You Need to Know
▻https://hackernoon.com/major-facebook-updates-you-need-to-know-20730c658b16?source=rss----3a814

https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1024/1*IIBiXOHLHOjXagPx7lp0ig.jpeg

Earlier this year, on May 1st and 2nd, Facebook organized the F8 developer conference in San Jose, California. During the conference, Mark Zuckerberg introduced several new features of the social platforms Facebook, Messenger, and Instagram.The multiple updates are quite interesting considering what the company has gone through recently. Facebook has introduced some major updates like the first Facebook Analytics mobile app, omni-channel, and automated insights.If you still haven’t checked out the new updates, keep reading this post. I’ll talk about some of the major updates and takeaways from the F8 event.1. Automated InsightsThis is a tool which works in the backend and collects all of the important insights which you might need later. It can give you insights on things like the (...)

#facebook-marketing #social-media-marketing #hacks #marketing

Urban Planning Guru Says Driverless Cars Won’t Fix Congestion - The New York Times
▻https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/27/technology/driverless-cars-congestion.html

https://static01.nyt.com/images/2018/10/28/business/25CALTHORPE03/25CALTHORPE03-facebookJumbo.jpg

Mr. Calthorpe is a Berkeley-based urban planner who is one of the creators of New Urbanism, which promotes mixed-use, walkable neighborhoods. His designs emphasize the proximity of housing, shopping and public space.

He is not opposed to autonomous vehicles. Mr. Calthorpe’s quarrel is with the idea that the widespread adoption of personally owned self-driving cars will solve transportation problems. In fact, he worries it will lead to more urban congestion and suburban sprawl.

“One thing is certain: Zero- or single-occupant vehicles,” even ones that can drive themselves, “are a bad thing,” he and the transportation planner Jerry Walters wrote in an article last year in Urban Land, an urban planning journal. “They cause congestion, eat up energy, exacerbate sprawl and emit more carbon per passenger-mile.”

“The key distinction is the number of people per vehicle,” said Mr. Walters, a principal at Fehr & Peers, a transportation consultancy in Walnut Creek. “Without pretty radically increasing the number of people per vehicle, autonomous systems will increase total miles traveled.”

He used his software to show that by changing just commercial zoning to permit higher density along El Camino Real — the 45-mile boulevard that stretches through the heart of Silicon Valley from San Francisco to San Jose — it would be possible add more than a quarter-million housing units.

The Valley’s housing crisis can be explained in data that shows that since 2010, the region has added 11 jobs for every new home built; the median home price has reached $934,000; and rents have gone up 60 percent since 2012. One of the consequences of the growing imbalance between housing and jobs is the increasing traffic and congestion, according to an Urban Footprint report.

To avoid congestion, the plan requires efficient mass transit. Mr. Calthorpe has proposed an alternative — autonomous rapid transit, or ART — using fleets of self-driving vans in reserved lanes on main arteries like El Camino Real. Those lanes would allow the vehicles to travel faster and require a lower level of autonomous technology. And the vans could travel separately or be connected together.

Mr. Calthorpe’s plan is an evolution of the concept of “transit-oriented development” he pioneered while teaching at the University of California, Berkeley, in the late 1980s. It focuses on designing urban communities that encourage people to live near transit services and decrease their dependence on driving.

“You have to redesign the street itself,” he said. “You need to add autonomous transit, and you need to get rid of parallel parking and put in bikeways and better sidewalks.”

#Mobilité #Automobile #Communs_urbains

An Exorcist Is Hosting a Mass to Protect Brett Kavanaugh from Witches’ Hex
▻https://broadly.vice.com/en_us/article/j5393d/brett-kavanaugh-witches-hex-exorcist-mass

An exorcist in California is holding a Mass to protect Brett Kavanaugh from the “evil” of a ritual hex set to curse him this weekend.

https://video-images.vice.com/articles/5bc8d874e46858000600d38a/lede/1539893361545-fjdkfldfkd.jpeg?crop=0.9947753396029257xw:1xh;center,center&resize=1200:*

San Jose exorcist, Father Gary Thomas, announced his plans on Wednesday to hold a mass protecting Brett Kavanaugh from a ritual planned by witches to hex him this Saturday, October 20.

After one of New York’s most famous occult shops Catland Books announced that they’d be organizing the ritual to curse Brett Kavanaugh along with “all rapists and the patriarchy at large,” more than 10,000 people marked themselves as “going” on Facebook. But as the ritual grew in scope (Catland had to add a a second hex in November due to the number of people interested), the witches at Catland reported receiving backlash, including death threats.

Father Thomas, who works as an exorcist for the Diocese of San Jose, alleges that organizers and those attending the ritual are part of a “cult” that must be stopped.

“This is a conjuring of evil—not about free speech,” he told the National Catholic Register. “Conjuring up personified evil does not fall under free speech. Satanic cults often commit crimes; they murder and sexually abuse everyone it their cult.”

On the contrary, Catland co-owner and creator of the hex Dakota Bracciale, believes the ritual will be an act of “spiritual solidarity and sociopolitical resistance.” But even before Father Thomas announced his Mass in response to the hex, Bracciale said she not only expected backlash from the Church but sited it as a motivator. “[The hex] strikes fear into the heart of Christian fundamentalists,” Bracciale told Broadly earlier this week. “That’s one of the reasons that we do it. Sometimes you have to fight fire with fire."

#fight_fire_with_fire

Behind the Messy, Expensive Split Between Facebook and WhatsApp’s Founders

▻https://www.wsj.com/articles/behind-the-messy-expensive-split-between-facebook-and-whatsapps-founders-152820

After a long dispute over how to produce more revenue with ads and data, the messaging app’s creators are walking away leaving about $1.3 billion on the table​
By Kirsten Grind and
Deepa Seetharaman
June 5, 2018 10:24 a.m. ET

How ugly was the breakup between Facebook Inc. FB 0.49% and the two founders of WhatsApp, its biggest acquisition? The creators of the popular messaging service are walking away leaving about $1.3 billion on the table.

The expensive exit caps a long-simmering dispute about how to wring more revenue out of WhatsApp, according to people familiar with the matter. Facebook has remained committed to its ad-based business model amid criticism, even as Facebook Chief Executive Mark Zuckerberg has had to defend the company before American and European lawmakers.

The WhatsApp duo of Jan Koum and Brian Acton had persistent disagreements in recent years with Mr. Zuckerberg and Chief Operating Officer Sheryl Sandberg, who grew impatient for a greater return on the company’s 2014 blockbuster $22 billion purchase of the messaging app, according to the people.

Many of the disputes with Facebook involved how to manage data privacy while also making money from WhatsApp’s large user base, including through the targeted ads that WhatsApp’s founders had long opposed. In the past couple of years especially, Mr. Zuckerberg and Ms. Sandberg pushed the WhatsApp founders to be more flexible on those issues and move faster on other plans to generate revenue, the people say.

Once, after Mr. Koum said he “didn’t have enough people” to implement a project, Mr. Zuckerberg dismissed him with, “I have all the people you need,” according to one person familiar with the conversation.
Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg testified about privacy issues and the use of user data before a Senate committee in April.

Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg testified about privacy issues and the use of user data before a Senate committee in April. Photo: Alex Brandon/Press Pool

WhatsApp was an incongruous fit within Facebook from the beginning. Messrs. Acton and Koum are true believers on privacy issues and have shown disdain for the potential commercial applications of the service.

Facebook, on the other hand, has built a sprawling, lucrative advertising business that shows ads to users based on data gathered about their activities. Mr. Zuckerberg and Ms. Sandberg have touted how an advertising-supported product makes it free for consumers and helps bridge the digital divide.

When Facebook bought WhatsApp, it never publicly addressed how the divergent philosophies would coexist. But Mr. Zuckerberg told stock analysts that he and Mr. Koum agreed that advertising wasn’t the right way to make money from messaging apps. Mr. Zuckerberg also said he promised the co-founders the autonomy to build their own products. The sale to Facebook made the app founders both multibillionaires.

Over time, each side grew frustrated with the other, according to people in both camps. Mr. Koum announced April 30 he would leave, and Mr. Acton resigned last September.
Big Bet
Facebook paid substantially more for WhatsApp than any other deal.

Facebook’s five largest deals*

WhatsApp (2014)

$21.94 billion

Oculus VR (2014)

$2.30 billion

Instagram (2012)

$736 million

Microsoft† (2012)

$550 million

Onavo (2013)

$120 million

*price at close of deal †approximately 615 AOL patents and patent applications

Source: Dealogic

The WhatsApp co-founders didn’t confront Mr. Zuckerberg at their departures about their disagreements over where to take the business, but had concluded they were fighting a losing battle and wanted to preserve their relationship with the Facebook executive, people familiar with the matter said. One person familiar with the relationships described the environment as “very passive-aggressive.”

Small cultural disagreements between the two staffs also popped up, involving issues such as noise around the office and the size of WhatsApp’s desks and bathrooms, that took on greater significance as the split between the parent company and its acquisition persisted.

The discord broke into public view in a March tweet by Mr. Acton. During the height of the Cambridge Analytica controversy, in which the research firm was accused of misusing Facebook user data to aid the Trump campaign, Mr. Acton posted that he planned to delete his Facebook account.

Within Facebook, some executives were surprised to see Mr. Acton publicly bash the company since he didn’t seem to leave on bad terms, according to people familiar with the matter. When Mr. Acton later visited Facebook’s headquarters, David Marcus, an executive who ran Facebook’s other chat app, Messenger, confronted his former colleague. “That was low class,” Mr. Marcus said, according to people familiar with the matter. Mr. Acton shrugged it off. Mr. Marcus declined to comment.
Staff at Facebook headquarters in Menlo Park, Calif. Small cultural disagreements between Facebook and WhatsApp staffs, involving issues such as noise, size of desks and bathrooms, created friction.

Staff at Facebook headquarters in Menlo Park, Calif. Small cultural disagreements between Facebook and WhatsApp staffs, involving issues such as noise, size of desks and bathrooms, created friction. Photo: Kim Kulish/Corbis/Getty Images

The posts also prompted an angry call from Ms. Sandberg to Mr. Koum, who assured her that Mr. Acton didn’t mean any harm, according to a person familiar with the call.

When Mr. Acton departed Facebook, he forfeited about $900 million in potential stock awards, according to people familiar with the matter. Mr. Koum is expected to officially depart in mid-August, in which case he would leave behind more than two million unvested shares worth about $400 million at Facebook’s current stock price. Both men would have received all their remaining shares had they stayed until this November, when their contracts end.

The amount the two executives are leaving in unvested shares hasn’t been reported, nor have the full extent of the details around their disagreements with Facebook over the years.

“Jan has done an amazing job building WhatsApp. He has been a tireless advocate for privacy and encryption,” Mr. Zuckerberg said in May at the company’s developer conference about Mr. Koum’s departure. He added he was proud that Facebook helped WhatsApp launch end-to-end encryption a couple of years after the acquisition.

In many ways, Facebook and WhatsApp couldn’t have been more different. Facebook from its beginning in 2004 leveraged access to user information to sell targeted advertising that would be displayed as people browsed their news feeds. That business model has been hugely successful, driving Facebook’s market value past half a trillion dollars, with advertising accounting for 97% of the firm’s revenue.
A sign in WhatsApp’s offices at Facebook headquarters. Some Facebook employees mocked WhatsApp with chants of ‘Welcome to WhatsApp—Shut up!’

A sign in WhatsApp’s offices at Facebook headquarters. Some Facebook employees mocked WhatsApp with chants of ‘Welcome to WhatsApp—Shut up!’

It is also the antithesis of what WhatsApp professed to stand for. Mr. Koum, a San Jose State University dropout, grew up in Soviet-era Ukraine, where the government could track communication, and talked frequently about his commitment to privacy.

Mr. Koum, 42, and Mr. Acton, 46, became friends while working as engineers at Yahoo Inc., one of the first big tech companies to embrace digital advertising. The experience was jarring for both men, who came to regard display ads as garish, ruining the user experience and allowing advertisers to collect all kinds of data on unsuspecting individuals.

WhatsApp, which launched in 2009, was designed to be simple and secure. Messages were immediately deleted from its servers once sent. It charged some users 99 cents annually after one free year and carried no ads. In a 2012 blog post the co-founders wrote, “We wanted to make something that wasn’t just another ad clearinghouse” and called ads “insults to your intelligence.”

Text MeWorld-wide monthly active users for popularmessaging apps, in billions.Source: the companiesNote: *Across four main markets; iMessage, Google Hangoutsand Signal don’t disclose number of users.

WhatsAppFacebookMessengerWeChatTelegramLine*00.511.52

The men are also close personal friends, bonding over ultimate Frisbee, despite political differences. Mr. Koum, unlike Mr. Acton, has publicly expressed support for Donald Trump.

When Facebook bought WhatsApp in February 2014, the messaging service was growing rapidly and had already amassed 450 million monthly users, making it more popular than Twitter Inc., which had 240 million monthly users at the time and was valued at $30 billion. WhatsApp currently has 1.5 billion users.

The deal still ranks as the largest-ever purchase of a company backed by venture capital, and it was almost 10 times costlier than Facebook’s next most expensive acquisition.

Mr. Zuckerberg assured Messrs. Koum and Acton at the time that he wouldn’t place advertising in the messaging service, according to a person familiar with the matter. Messrs. Koum and Acton also negotiated an unusual clause in their contracts that said if Facebook insisted on making any “additional monetization initiatives” such as advertising in the app, it could give the executives “good reason” to leave and cause an acceleration of stock awards that hadn’t vested, according to a nonpublic portion of the companies’ merger agreement reviewed by The Wall Street Journal. The provision only kicks in if a co-founder is still employed by Facebook when the company launches advertising or another moneymaking strategy.

Mr. Acton initiated the clause in his contract allowing for early vesting of his shares. But Facebook’s legal team threatened a fight, so Mr. Acton, already worth more than $3 billion, left it alone, according to people familiar with the matter.

Some analysts in the tech community said a clash was inevitable. Nate Elliott, principal of Nineteen Insights, a research and advisory firm focused on digital marketing and social media, said the WhatsApp founders are “pretty naive” for believing that Facebook wouldn’t ultimately find some way to make money from the deal, such as with advertising. “Facebook is a business, not a charity,” he said.

At the time of the sale, WhatsApp was profitable with fee revenue, although it is unclear by how much. Facebook doesn’t break out financial information for WhatsApp.
David Marcus, vice president of messaging products for Facebook, spoke during the company’s F8 Developers Conference in San Jose on May 1.

David Marcus, vice president of messaging products for Facebook, spoke during the company’s F8 Developers Conference in San Jose on May 1. Photo: David Paul Morris/Bloomberg News

Facebook’s hands-off stance changed around 2016. WhatsApp topped one billion monthly users, and it had eliminated its 99 cent fee. Facebook told investors it would stop increasing the number of ads in Facebook’s news feed, resulting in slower advertising-revenue growth. This put pressure on Facebook’s other properties—including WhatsApp—to make money.

That August, WhatsApp announced it would start sharing phone numbers and other user data with Facebook, straying from its earlier promise to be built “around the goal of knowing as little about you as possible.”

With Mr. Zuckerberg and Ms. Sandberg pushing to integrate it into the larger company, WhatsApp moved its offices in January 2017 from Mountain View, Calif., to Facebook’s Menlo Park headquarters about 20 minutes away. Facebook tried to make it welcoming, decorating the Building 10 office in WhatsApp’s green color scheme.

WhatsApp’s roughly 200 employees at the time remained mostly segregated from the rest of Facebook. Some of the employees were turned off by Facebook’s campus, a bustling collection of restaurants, ice cream shops and services built to mirror Disneyland.

Some Facebook staffers considered the WhatsApp unit a mystery and sometimes poked fun at it. After WhatsApp employees hung up posters over the walls instructing hallway passersby to “please keep noise to a minimum,” some Facebook employees mocked them with chants of “Welcome to WhatsApp—Shut up!” according to people familiar with the matter.

Some employees even took issue with WhatsApp’s desks, which were a holdover from the Mountain View location and larger than the standard desks in the Facebook offices. WhatsApp also negotiated for nicer bathrooms, with doors that reach the floor. WhatsApp conference rooms were off-limits to other Facebook employees.

“These little ticky-tacky things add up in a company that prides itself on egalitarianism,” said one Facebook employee.

Mr. Koum chafed at the constraints of working at a big company, sometimes quibbling with Mr. Zuckerberg and other executives over small details such as the chairs Facebook wanted WhatsApp to purchase, a person familiar with the matter said.

In response to the pressure from above to make money, Messrs. Koum and Acton proposed several ideas to bring in more revenue. One, known as “re-engagement messaging,” would let advertisers contact only users who had already been their customers. Last year, WhatsApp said it would charge companies for some future features that connect them with customers over the app.

None of the proposals were as lucrative as Facebook’s ad-based model. “Well, that doesn’t scale,” Ms. Sandberg told the WhatsApp executives of their proposals, according to a person familiar with the matter. Ms. Sandberg wanted the WhatsApp leadership to pursue advertising alongside other revenue models, another person familiar with her thinking said.

Ms. Sandberg, 48, and Mr. Zuckerberg, 34, frequently brought up their purchase of the photo-streaming app Instagram as a way to persuade Messrs. Koum and Acton to allow advertising into WhatsApp. Facebook in 2012 purchased Instagram, and the app’s founders initially tried their own advertising platform rather than Facebook’s. When Instagram fell short of its revenue targets in its first few quarters, Facebook leadership pushed the founders to adopt its targeted advertising model, and the transition was relatively seamless, according to current and former employees. Today, analysts estimate that Instagram is a key driver of Facebook’s revenue, and its founders, Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger, remain with the company. The men didn’t respond to requests for comment.

“It worked for Instagram,” Ms. Sandberg told the WhatsApp executives on at least one occasion, according to one person familiar with the matter.
Attendees used Oculus Go VR headsets during Facebook’s F8 Developers Conference.

Attendees used Oculus Go VR headsets during Facebook’s F8 Developers Conference. Photo: Justin Sullivan/Getty Images

Other high-profile acquisitions such as developer platform Parse, ad tech platform LiveRail and virtual-reality company Oculus VR have fallen short of expectations, people familiar with those deals say.

The senior Facebook executives appeared to grow frustrated by the WhatsApp duo’s reasons to delay plans that would help monetize the service. Mr. Zuckerberg wanted WhatsApp executives to add more “special features” to the app, whereas Messrs. Koum and Acton liked its original simplicity.

Mr. Zuckerberg and Ms. Sandberg also wanted Messrs. Koum and Acton to loosen their stance on encryption to allow more “business flexibility,” according to one person familiar with the matter. One idea was to create a special channel between companies and users on WhatsApp to deal with issues such as customer-service requests, people familiar with the matter said. That setup would let companies appoint employees or bots to field inquiries from users and potentially store those messages in a decrypted state later on.

Last summer, Facebook executives discussed plans to start placing ads in WhatsApp’s “Status” feature, which allows users to post photo- and video-montages that last 24 hours. Similar features exist across Facebook’s services, including on Instagram, but WhatsApp’s version is now the most popular with 450 million users as of May.

Mr. Acton—described by one former WhatsApp employee as the “moral compass” of the team—decided to leave as the discussions to place ads in Status picked up. Mr. Koum, who also sat on Facebook’s board, tried to persuade him to stay longer.

Mr. Koum remained another eight months, before announcing in a Facebook post that he is “taking some time off to do things I enjoy outside of technology, such as collecting rare air-cooled Porsches, working on my cars and playing ultimate Frisbee.” Mr. Koum is worth about $9 billion, according to Forbes.

The next day, Mr. Koum said goodbye to WhatsApp and Facebook employees at an all-hands meeting in Menlo Park. An employee asked him about WhatsApp’s plans for advertising.

Mr. Koum responded by first alluding to his well-documented antipathy for ads, according to people familiar with his remarks. But Mr. Koum added that if ads were to happen, placing them in Status would be the least intrusive way of doing so, according to the people.

Some people who heard the remarks interpreted them as Mr. Koum saying he had made peace with the idea of advertising in WhatsApp.

In his absence, WhatsApp will be run by Chris Daniels, a longtime Facebook executive who is tasked with finding a business model that brings in revenue at a level to justify the app’s purchase price, without damaging the features that make it so popular.

Among WhatsApp’s competitors is Signal, an encrypted messaging app run by a nonprofit called the Signal Foundation and dedicated to secure communication, with strict privacy controls and without advertising. Mr. Acton donated $50 million to fund the foundation and serves as its executive chairman.

Corrections & Amplifications
Facebook Messenger has 1.3 billion monthly users. An earlier version of a chart in this article incorrectly said it had 2.13 billion users. (June 5, 2018)

Write to Kirsten Grind at kirsten.grind@wsj.com and Deepa Seetharaman at Deepa.Seetharaman@wsj.com

#Facebook #Whatsapp

Bolorsoft CEO and consultant discuss Unicode standard of Mongolian script – The UB Post
27 avr. 2018
By M.OYUNGEREL
▻https://www.pressreader.com/mongolia/the-ub-post/textview
(note : je reprends tout le texte ici car le format de Pressreader est très pénible, le UB Post n’a plus l’air d’être en ligne en version html et l’adresse ci-dessus n’a pas l’air très spécifique)

Mon­gol News sat down with Founder of Bolor­soft Co. S.Badral and Con­sul­tant of Bolor­soft T.Jamiyansuren to dis­cuss the in­ter­na­tional stan­dard for Mon­go­lian script. Last week, they at­tended the Uni­code tech­ni­cal com­mis­sion meet­ing in San Jose, Cal­i­for­nia, USA to im­prove the ex­ist­ing Mon­go­lian script stan­dard/pho­netic model.

$The public has just re­cently be­come aware of the con­tro­ver­sial sit­u­a­tion con­cern­ing the im­prove­ment of in­ter­na­tional stan­dard for Mon­go­lian script, which is whether to en­code with Mon­go­lian pho­netic model or with graphetic, like that used to en­code Chi­nese char­ac­ters. Since you have par­tic­i­pated in these dis­cus­sions, would you please give our read­ers in­for­ma­tion re­gard­ing this is­sue?

*S.Badral: Uni­code is a com­pany of in­ter­na­tional char­ac­ter en­cod­ing stan­dards. It’s an in­te­grated consortium of cor­po­ra­tions which de­velop the en­cod­ing stan­dards for all the scripts in the world. In other words, it pro­duces one com­pre­hen­sive stan­dard which identifies the com­puter codes for Latin “a”, Cyril­lic “a”, Mon­go­lian “a”, and Chi­nese char­ac­ters. If the script in ques­tion is not en­coded by Uni­code stan­dards, all the global play­ers, such as Face­book, Google, Adobe, Ap­ple, Mi­crosoft, and IBM, would not sup­port it. That means the script will not be sup­ported on any op­er­at­ing sys­tem, com­puter, or phone. Al­though Mon­go­lian script was first en­coded based on a pho­netic model in 2000, small un­solved is­sues have caused it to drag out with­out a so­lu­tion for 17 to 18 years.

So, dur­ing the Uni­code tech­ni­cal com­mis­sion meet­ing in Ho­hhot last Septem­ber, it was al­most de­cided that the cur­rent model is com­pletely wrong and a graphetic model de­vel­oped by Chi­nese ex­perts Liang Hai and Shen Yilei was nearly adopted. At that time, we flatly op­posed, say­ing, “Mon­go­lian script has let­ters, and it’s writ­ten by its pho­net­i­cally.

...In this last meet­ing, we have achieved our ob­jec­tive for the past few years and de­fended our her­itage...

There­fore, we need to im­prove the ex­ist­ing pho­netic model in­stead of adopt­ing graphetic en­cod­ing”. With sup­port from the In­ner Mon­go­lian party, the graphetic model was not ap­proved. In this meet­ing too. Our dis­cus­sion re­volved around aban­don­ing the pho­netic model and chang­ing to the graphetic model.

T.Jamiyansuren: Had we ap­proved the Uni­code stan­dard for Mon­go­lian script as the graphetic model that the Chi­nese de­vel­oped, it would’ve then been dis­cussed and ap­proved at the ISO in­ter­na­tional stan­dard meet­ing, and ev­ery­thing would’ve been over. Be­cause these two meet­ings were sched­uled right af­ter an­other, we tried very hard to not take it to the ISO meet­ing. That Uni­code tech­ni­cal com­mis­sion meet­ing was al­most like war.

Do any state rep­re­sen­ta­tives take part in these im­por­tant meet­ings? What is the par­tic­i­pa­tion of the Mon­go­lian state and govern­ment in this in­ter­na­tional dis­cus­sion con­cern­ing na­tional script and cul­ture?

S.Badral: Pre­vi­ously, rep­re­sen­ta­tives from the Agency for Stan­dard­iza­tion and Metrol­ogy and the In­sti­tute of Lan­guage and Lit­er­a­ture at the Mon­go­lian Acad­emy of Sci­ences reg­u­larly at­tended these meet­ings. But we don’t know why the is­sue has got­ten to this point. Be­fore we went to Ho­hhot in Septem­ber 2017, we viewed that the fu­ture of Mon­go­lian script re­lates to the na­tional in­ter­ests and in­tel­lec­tual in­de­pen­dence of Mon­go­lians and con­tacted the pres­i­dent. Pres­i­dent Kh.Bat­tulga then met us within 10 days of our re­turn, called the rep­re­sen­ta­tives of rel­e­vant or­ga­ni­za­tions, and or­dered them to ur­gently take nec­es­sary mea­sures. We de­ter­mined that an ac­tion plan to im­prove the Mon­go­lian scripts pho­netic model will be de­vel­oped by the Com­mu­ni­ca­tions and In­for­ma­tion Tech­nol­ogy Author­ity (CITA) and ap­proved by the Agency for Stan­dard­iza­tion and Metrol­ogy, and formed a work­ing group.

How­ever, the work­ing group did noth­ing be­cause they didn’t have a bud­get. The Na­tional Se­cu­rity Coun­cil obliged them to send a re­port ev­ery week, but we have no idea what re­port was given or what work was done. The agency tried to dis­cuss the fund­ing is­sue in a govern­ment meet­ing, but was post­poned. By then, the bud­get dis­cus­sion had al­ready been con­ducted, hence, no so­lu­tion. Ba­si­cally, they took this is­sue very idly.

Govern­ment Memo No. 54 was passed. In there, they as­signed six agen­cies to take care of the ex­e­cu­tion and fund­ing of this is­sue, three for each. While the Mon­go­lian script en­cod­ing im­prove­ment is­sue was bounced be­tween state or­ga­ni­za­tions like a ten­nis ball, it was time for the sched­uled meet­ing.

T.Jamiyansuren: Ap­prox­i­mately 20 days be­fore we left, an­other work­ing group was es­tab­lished by the Min­istry of Ed­u­ca­tion, Cul­ture and Sci­ence, and they held a meet­ing. Dur­ing that meet­ing, there was some kind of talk, “What do we do . Ei­ther we give S.Badral and T.Jamiyansuren a state as­sign­ment, or no­tify them that they do not rep­re­sent the state”. A let­ter was sent to the Uni­code tech­ni­cal com­mis­sion stat­ing, “These two men do not have the right to rep­re­sent the state,” and that a per­son named Enkhdalai will be com­ing. Those two men have just re­turned from par­tic­i­pat­ing in that meet­ing. But po­lit­i­cal sug­ges­tions and con­clu­sions do not af­fect the Uni­code tech­ni­cal com­mis­sion meet­ing. They sent a per­son called Enkhdalai with a po­si­tion of con­sul­tant at CITA. We were in­tro­duced at the meet­ing.

Did the Mon­go­lian rep­re­sen­ta­tives first met each other once they were at the meet­ing?

S.Badral: Yes. We had ar­rived two days be­fore, met our trans­la­tor, and care­fully pre­pared the is­sues of con­cern and presentations. Uni­code tech­ni­cal com­mis­sion chose Gan­ba­yar Gan­sukh (G.Gan­ba­yar), a man who lives in Ok­la­homa, as our trans­la­tor. On our end, it was un­clear who was go­ing to voice the state po­si­tion even a week be­fore the meet­ing.

T.Jamiyansuren: Uni­code Consortium be­lieved that CITA is of im­por­tance and had them at­tend as a li­ai­son mem­ber. The re­spon­si­bil­i­ties should be even higher in re­gard to this.

Did you in­tro­duce a Mon­go­lian pho­netic model that you de­vel­oped your­selves, dur­ing the meet­ing?

S.Badral: How could we have the Mon­go­lian script en­coded graphet­i­cally, like that of Chi­nese char­ac­ters on our watch? So, I and T.Jamiyansuren dis­cussed and co­op­er­ated with Mon­go­lian script ex­pert Lkhag­va­suren, and pre­pared a pre­sen­ta­tion on ways to im­prove the pho­netic model. We dis­cussed the dis­ad­van­tages of the ex­ist­ing model and ways to fix it, and proved it with a re­al­is­tic ex­am­ple. Af­ter three days of the meet­ing, the Uni­code tech­ni­cal com­mis­sion had a pos­i­tive at­ti­tude and said, “If we re­ally fix it like this, the model will be eas­ier and bet­ter”. That’s be­cause the graphetic model con­tains only char­ac­ters and not let­ters, which makes it com­pli­cated to sort, cat­e­go­rize, and de­velop etc. There would be many prob­lems such as iden­ti­fy­ing the text and spellcheck­ing it. The pro­posed graphetic model was not even for the clear Mon­go­lian script drawn, so it was hard for the user to write with the word in mind or even the root of the word . For in­stance, the “a” and “e” at the be­gin­ning, mid­dle, and end of a word, and “n”, were to be writ­ten by press­ing one “teeth” or aleph, and the “crown”, “tooth”, and “tail” (el­e­ments of Mon­go­lian script writ­ing) were to be au­to­mat­i­cally man­aged. This might break the Mon­go­lian think­ing and one but­ton will eas­ily break from too much pres­sure. I think the Uni­code tech­ni­cal com­mis­sion peo­ple started to un­der­stand it. The In­ner Mon­go­lians on the other hand, sug­gested to de­velop both the graphetic and pho­netic mod­els, maybe be­cause they were in a rush to de­cide on some so­lu­tion to pre­vent fur­ther drag out, or they lost faith in the pho­netic model.

Any­how, main­tain­ing the pho­netic model which was to be aban­doned, fix­ing its bugs, and hav­ing a de­ci­sion made for it to be de­vel­oped with pref­er­ence is a big achieve­ment.

So the rep­re­sen­ta­tives lis­tened to you and ac­knowl­edged your pre­sen­ta­tion. Isn’t the mes­sage “They don’t rep­re­sent the state” a way of sav­ing their skin in case some­thing went wrong?

S.Badral: It just looks like that. Since last Septem­ber, that’s the stance our govern­ment held. In the first work­ing group meet­ing of the Min­istry of Ed­u­ca­tion, Cul­ture and Sci­ence, CITA rep­re­sen­ta­tives kept say­ing, “It’s not suit­able for pri­vate com­pany rep­re­sen­ta­tives be in­cluded in a state work­ing group, that’s pri­vate party in­ter­est,” so I even re­moved my­self from the work­ing group (laughs).

T.Jamiyansuren: Be­cause the is­sue couldn’t have been qui­eted down, they had to send some­body as a rep­re­sen­ta­tive, which hap­pened to be Enkhdalai, as a con­sul­tant at CITA. I had the im­pres­sion that that per­son read and re­searched quite a lot too. But it’s not ef­fec­tive to have some­one who’s in­ter­ested in the Uni­code stan­dard of Mon­go­lian script read ready pre­pared ma­te­ri­als and retell them. You have to be metic­u­lous with your words, and be able to prove your point. His few un­sure words dur­ing his pre­sen­ta­tion had Chi­nese ex­perts stand up and say, “This is ex­actly why there should be a graphetic model”. Of course, it was not easy to give this much work in tight sched­ule to a per­son who lacked ex­pe­ri­ence.

Peo­ple are say­ing that the Mon­go­lian govern­ment will pay at­ten­tion to our na­tional script be­fore the next Au­gust meet­ing to pre­vent the graphetic model from be­ing en­coded. Is there re­ally such dan­ger, or is ev­ery­thing be­hind us now?

S.Badral: If we hadn’t given a pre­sen­ta­tion at this last meet­ing and changed the com­mis­sion’s un­der­stand­ing, our Mon­go­lian script re­ally would have been en­coded graphet­i­cally. But now, the Uni­code tech­ni­cal com­mis­sion has de­cided to de­velop both mod­els to ra­tio­nally solve the is­sue. That means we have to fix and im­prove our pho­netic model and in­tro­duce it to use. Even a sin­gle sym­bol can­not be changed once it’s reg­is­tered in the Uni­code stan­dard. There­fore, there’s a strict rule that we have to fix with­out chang­ing the pre­vi­ous one. In the meet­ing, we in­tro­duced a pos­si­ble so­lu­tion that we can im­prove it like that. So our govern­ment has to take care of this is­sue for this to con­tinue on a big­ger scale. We wouldn’t beg them if it was only tech­ni­cal work, but it’s re­lated to so­ci­ety, cul­ture, and pol­i­tics.

T.Jamiyansuren: Some who un­der­stands the sig­nif­i­cance of this meet­ing are right when they say, “This was like the mod­ern Khi­agt agree­ment”. This is a mat­ter of whether Mon­go­lian script will ex­ist for the next five years, 500, or 5,000. When the rep­re­sen­ta­tives were asked for their opin­ion on the lo­ca­tion and time of the next meet­ing, In­ner Mon­go­lians sug­gested to ur­gently hold it in Ho­hhot, af­ter two months. But the Uni­code tech­ni­cal com­mis­sion head said, “The next meet­ing will be held at least six months later. There’s a sug­ges­tion to or­ga­nize it in Ulaan­baatar,” while our state rep­re­sen­ta­tive stayed quiet. We couldn’t, so we voiced our opin­ion. In other words, there will be a Uni­code meet­ing re­gard­ing this is­sue in Ulaan­baatar, at the end of Septem­ber. If it’s or­ga­nized well, it’s not ours but Mon­go­lia’s name that will bear the good name.

It seems like we are greedy, hear­ing that the Chi­nese have de­vel­oped the graphetic model and en­code the Mon­go­lian script, when we don’t even use the Mon­go­lian script our­selves. There are some who say to stop co­op­er­a­tion with the Chi­nese and de­velop the script alone. What do you say about this?

S.Badral: Lan­guages ex­ist through the use of its script. In the mod­ern times, peo­ple’s writ­ing has trans­ferred from hand­writ­ten notes to typ­ing on a com­puter or a phone. As for Mon­go­lian writ­ing, it has slipped into the list of en­dan­gered lan­guages be­cause there is no dig­i­tal us­age and no op­por­tu­nity to cre­ate con­tent. How can dig­i­tal con­tent be cre­ated when the Uni­code stan­dard of 18 years has a big prob­lem. There­fore, this is­sue will be im­me­di­ately fixed and in­tro­duced into use like Cyril­lic and Latin al­pha­bets. In terms of pos­ses­sion, it shall be­long to those who use it. In other words, Mon­go­lian script is not the prop­erty of Outer or In­ner Mon­go­lians. There could be Amer­i­cans, Ger­mans, British, Bel­gians, Ira­ni­ans, or peo­ple of any other coun­try who have stud­ied and uses Mon­go­lian script. They have the right to learn and use what­ever lan­guage and script they please. It’s im­por­tant we pro­vide that op­por­tu­nity. That’s why these in­ter­na­tional rep­re­sen­ta­tives are putting this much ef­fort into in­tro­duc­ing the Mon­go­lian script in dig­i­tal use. This script is a very im­por­tant world cul­tural her­itage.

Why are you putting this much ef­fort and heart for the Mon­go­lian script?

S.Badral: As for me, I’m a mem­ber of the Uni­code tech­ni­cal com­mis­sion Work­ing Group (WG)-2 and vol­un­teer of the WG3. I re­ceive in­for­ma­tion about this be­fore oth­ers. I’ve seen this as my civic du­ties and re­ported it to the state and govern­ment. Sec­ondly, Bolor­soft is a dig­i­tal lin­guis­tics com­pany. Mon­go­lians know that we have re­leased many prod­ucts re­lated to Mon­go­lian lan­guage and script. Al­though Cyril­lic writ­ing pro­grams are in the mar­ket, most users don’t know that it is based on Mon­go­lian script. That’s why we can’t aban­don it.

Bolor­soft Co. is con­sid­ered a ma­jor provider in the de­vel­op­ment of Mon­go­lian script at Uni­code Consortium. That’s be­cause we were the first to cre­ate the Uni­code font for Mon­go­lian script and have it li­censed. This field was stag­nant since 2013, un­til we solved the Uni­code stan­dard for Mon­go­lian script is­sue. But those fonts be­came the be­gin­ning of big cor­po­ra­tions such as Google and Mi­crosoft. So, Uni­code Consortium al­ways invites us to their in­ter­na­tional meet­ings. We try to at­tend these meet­ings con­stantly to voice the in­ter­ests of Mon­go­lia, but we can’t al­ways due to the ex­pen­di­ture. But I see that there are peo­ple who are jeal­ous and spread ru­mors that we are try­ing to make money us­ing Mon­go­lian script. That’s the only thing they talked about in the last six months, politi­ciz­ing it. On the other hand, we are work­ing for Mon­go­lia’s in­ter­ests.

If we were seek­ing profit from this, we wouldn’t be us­ing ar­ti­fi­cial in­tel­li­gence to de­velop Mon­go­lian lan­guage and writ­ing, but fi­nan­cial de­vel­op­ment. We are one of the first Mon­go­lian com­pa­nies de­vel­op­ing and us­ing ar­ti­fi­cial in­tel­li­gence. In this last meet­ing, we have achieved our ob­jec­tive for the past few years and de­fended our her­itage.

Une statue à Berlin - vu sur Twitter

Klaus, c’est où précisément si tu connais ?

https://dl.dropbox.com/s/1idf9a5x9vsbcjt/Berlin%20of%20Politicians%20Discussing%20Global%20Warming.jpg?dl=0

How #facebook’s 50m file leak could have been avoided
▻https://hackernoon.com/how-facebooks-50m-file-leak-could-have-been-avoided-de18ef21b141?source=

https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/960/1*_KtRyPAHAhYtvCUxCQG60w.jpeg

Facebook Founder and CEO Mark Zuckerberg speaks on stage during the annual Facebook F8 developers conference in San Jose, California, U.S., April 18, 2017. Stephen Lam/ReutersOn Sunday, Facebook disabled Christopher Wylie’s account on Facebook, Whatsapp and Instagram after blowing the whistle for a 50m file data breach. According to Facebook, “The claim that this is a data breach is completely false. Dr. Aleksandr Kogan requested and gained access to information from users who chose to sign up to his app, and everyone involved gave their consent. People knowingly provided their information, no systems were infiltrated, and no passwords or sensitive pieces of information were stolen or hacked.”Technically, they are right; there was no hacking involved in the process. But, still there has (...)

#cambridge-analytica #beach #blockchain #data-breach

Le 1 hebdo - « La silicon valley est une île » - Fred Turner en interview
▻https://le1hebdo.fr/journal/numero/192/la-silicon-valley-est-une-le-2701.html

https://le1hebdo.fr/medias/articles/entretien-192_1520350847.jpg

Fred Turner, historien

Comment définir géographiquement la Silicon Valley ?

Historiquement, ce qu’on appelle la Silicon Valley est une zone allant du sud de San Francisco jusqu’à la ville de San José. Mais, ces dernières années, elle s’est étendue au quartier de South of Market, au cœur de San Francisco, laquelle est accessoirement devenue la ville-dortoir des industries implantées dans la Silicon Valley.

Quand la Silicon Valley est-elle née ?

Tout a commencé au début du XXe siècle. La région, longtemps agricole, a vu s’installer une zone de développement des industries de radio entre 1900 et 1920.

#Silicon_Valley #Fred_Turner

Colombie
San José de Apartadó
Pas de paix pour la communauté de paix

Traba

▻https://lavoiedujaguar.net/Colombie-San-Jose-de-Apartado-Pas-de-paix-pour-la-communaute-de-paix

Une fois n’est pas coutume, ce texte n’est pas écrit depuis là où nous sommes. Juste un petit pas de côté. Parce que les nouvelles qui nous proviennent de Colombie ne sont pas bonnes. Parce que la paix n’est rien de plus qu’un bout de papier signé à La Havane. Nous le pressentions. Nous en avons la preuve aujourd’hui.

Depuis 2011, nous suivons et soutenons la Communauté de paix de San José de Apartadó. Des hommes et des femmes, déplacés par le conflit, qui ont décidé de vivre sans le bruit des armes. Ils ont créé leur propre système d’éducation, de commerce équitable de cacao ; ils ont aussi récupéré le savoir ancestral des plantes. Leur lutte ne s’est pas faite sans larmes ni douleur, des centaines de morts depuis leur création en mars 1997. (...)

#Colombie #communauté_de_paix #paramilitaires

Suivi des utilisateurs déconnectés : victoire judiciaire pour Facebook aux Etats-Unis
▻http://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2017/07/04/suivi-des-utilisateurs-deconnectes-victoire-judiciaire-pour-facebook-aux-eta

Un tribunal californien a statué que cette pratique ne contrevenait pas à la législation américaine sur la protection de la vie privée. Le tribunal de San Jose, en Californie, a donné raison à Facebook, contre lequel plusieurs utilisateurs avaient porté plainte pour violation de la vie privée. Ce groupe d’utilisateurs reprochait plus précisément au réseau social de continuer à enregistrer des informations sur leur navigation après que ces derniers se furent déconnectés de Facebook. Ils s’appuyaient sur (...)

#Facebook #écoutes #historique #profiling

Suivi des utilisateurs déconnectés : victoire judiciaire pour Facebook aux Etats-Unis
▻http://abonnes.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2017/07/04/suivi-des-utilisateurs-deconnectes-victoire-judiciaire-pour-facebook

http://img.lemde.fr/2017/06/30/292/0/3500/1750/644/322/60/0/c93dd38_SIN300_FACEBOOK-SPAM-_0630_11.JPG

Le tribunal de San Jose, en Californie, a donné raison à Facebook, contre lequel plusieurs utilisateurs avaient porté plainte pour violation de la vie privée. Ce groupe d’utilisateurs reprochait plus précisément au réseau social de continuer à enregistrer des informations sur leur navigation après que ces derniers se furent déconnectés de Facebook. Ils s’appuyaient sur la loi californienne encadrant les écoutes téléphoniques.

Dans sa décision, le juge a estimé que les plaignants n’avaient pas apporté la preuve du préjudice subi, et que les utilisateurs auraient pu utiliser des fonctions de navigation privée pour éviter cet enregistrement de données personnelles. Il estime également que la pratique n’entre pas dans le cadre d’une interception de communication.

#Facebook #vie_privée #humour_juridique

Open Compute Summit 2017, alors c’était bien ?
▻https://linuxfr.org/news/open-compute-summit-2017-alors-c-etait-bien

Après divers dépêches et journaux sur l’Open hardware, l’OCP Toolchain, le logiciel FreeCAD ou le projet RuggedPOD, vejmarie nous résume sa visite à l’Open Compute Summit 2017, à Santa Clara. C’est parti pour des discussions sur les barrettes mémoire, les bus, les sockets, les processeurs, etc.lien n°1 : Journal à l’origine de la dépêche

Me voilà de retour sur le vieux continent après quelque temps chez l’oncle Sam. J’ai eu la chance de participer une nouvelle fois cette année au Summit Open Compute 2017, qui se tenait une fois n’est pas coutume au centre de congrès de Santa Clara (les années précédentes on était en centre-ville de San José, c’était, il faut être honnête plus sympa). Dans tous les cas, ça reste loin, très loin, il faut aimer le matériel libre !

Le format du Summit n’a pas changé par (...)

Palmarès des villes états-uniennes pour les #punaises …

Cities with the most bed bugs : Does your hometown rank ? | Fox News
▻http://www.foxnews.com/health/2017/01/04/cities-with-most-bed-bugs-does-your-hometown-rank.html

http://a57.foxnews.com/images.foxnews.com/content/fox-news/health/2017/01/04/cities-with-most-bed-bugs-does-your-hometown-rank/_jcr_content/par/featured-media/media-0.img.jpg/876/493/1483550542495.jpg

For the first time, Baltimore has topped pest control company Orkin’s list of top 50 cities with the most bed bug treatments, a ranking based on national home and commercial treatment data from Dec. 1, 2015 to Nov. 30, 2016.
[…]
1. Baltimore (+9)
2. Washington, D.C. (+1)
3. Chicago (-2)
4. New York
5. Columbus, Ohio
6. Los Angeles (-4)
7. Detroit
8. Cincinnati
9. Philadelphia (-3)
10. San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose (+4)
[…]

Mieux penser les interfaces informatiques
▻https://lejournal.cnrs.fr/billets/mieux-penser-les-interfaces-informatiques

Qui n’a jamais été frustré, voire énervé face à une machine qui ne fait pas ce que l’on veut ? Alors que vient de s’achever à San José la grande conférence annuelle CHI 2016 qui a rassemblé les spécialistes des interfaces homme-machine, l’informaticien Michel Beaudouin-Lafon explique pourquoi faire simple est parfois si compliqué !

Seagate annonce un SSD qui envoie du bois : 10Go/s
▻http://www.comptoir-hardware.com/actus/stockage/31049-seagate-annonce-un-ssd-qui-envoie-du-bois-10gos.html

http://www.comptoir-hardware.com/images/stories/_stockage/ssd/seagate_ssd_10gos_ocp_summit_proto.jpg

La course a la plus grosse est toujours d’actualité sur les SSD et Seagate a profité de l’Open Comput Project summit qui se déroule actuellement à San Jose pour parler de nouveaux SSD sur son site qui en ont dans le slip. Il y aura deux nouveaux SSD PCIe, le premier sur 16 lignes qui sera capable d’offrir des débits de 10Go/s, et un second sur 8 lignes qui offrira 6... [Tout lire]

#Stockage

http://www.comptoir-hardware.com/images/stories/_stockage/ssd/seagate_ssd_10gos_ocp_summit_proto.jpg

#Google_Fiber joins forces with municipal broadband network
▻http://arstechnica.com/business/2016/02/google-fiber-teams-with-huntsville-utility-to-expand-broadband

http://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/google-fiber-map-640x467.png

Journée internationale des #femmes de science
11 février
▻http://www.un.org/fr/events/women-and-girls-in-science-day

http://www.un.org/en/events/women-and-girls-in-science-day/assets/img/featured-image-index.jpg

La #science et l’égalité entre les sexes sont indispensables pour réaliser les objectifs de développement durable, notamment le Programme de développement durable à l’horizon 2030. Ces 15 dernières années, la communauté internationale a entrepris d’importants efforts pour inspirer et promouvoir la participation des femmes et des #filles à la science.

Malheureusement, les femmes et les filles continuent d’être exclues et ne peuvent participer pleinement à la science. Selon une étude menée dans 14 pays, la probabilité pour les étudiantes d’obtenir un baccalauréat, une maîtrise ou un diplôme de docteur dans des matières liées à la science est de respectivement 18%, 8% et 2%, tandis que ces pourcentages sont de 37 %, 18% et 6% pour les élèves de sexe masculin.

Terrorisme : les Etats-Unis demandent l’aide de la Silicon Valley pour détecter la radicalisation
▻http://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2016/01/09/terrorisme-les-etats-unis-demandent-l-aide-de-la-silicon-valley-pour-detecte

Depuis plusieurs mois, le gouvernement américain veut convaincre les entreprises de la Silicon Valley de contribuer davantage à la lutte contre le terrorisme.

Pour tenter de rétablir un dialogue passablement écorné ces derniers mois et accentuer la pression sur ce sujet, l’administration Obama a, vendredi 8 janvier, dépêché dans la Silicon Valley tous ses plus hauts cadres de la sécurité nationale.

Le directeur de cabinet de Barack Obama, le directeur du FBI, de la NSA, le chef du renseignement ou encore le procureur général, entre autres, ont participé à une réunion inédite avec des cadres de Facebook, Google, Apple ou encore LinkedIn. Le lieu de la réunion – San Jose, à quelques encablures seulement des sièges californiens de ces entreprises – ressemblait presque à un geste de bonne volonté de la part de la Maison Blanche.

L’ordre du jour, que se sont procuré plusieurs médias dont le Guardian, fait la part belle à la contre-propagande et à la lutte contre la radicalisation. Les participants à la réunion ont donc planché sur la manière de « rendre plus difficile l’utilisation d’Internet par les terroristes pour recruter, radicaliser ou mobiliser des individus », sur les moyens de « contrecarrer l’embrigadement violent et à identifier les signes de recrutement » ainsi que sur les « techniques pour détecter et mesurer la radicalisation ».

Le trésor d’un navire mythique retrouvé au large de la #Colombie

▻http://www.rfi.fr/ameriques/20151206-tresor-navire-mythique-retrouve-large-colombie-san-jose?ns_campaign=res

Le #galion espagnol #San_Jose avait coulé au cours d’une attaque de la marine britannique au large de Carthagène en mer des Caraïbes en 1708. Son #épave n’avait depuis jamais été localisée, malgré des recherches intensives. Ce navire légendaire renfermerait un #trésor d’une valeur de plusieurs milliards d’euros.

C’est l’un des trésors les plus importants jamais perdus en mer. Les cales du San Jose regorgeraient de pièces d’or, 533 439 très exactement, avance un article de Grands reporters. Egalement à l’intérieur, « le bel argent extrait des mines du #Potosi, 116 coffres d’émeraudes, des caisses bourrées de perles des Antilles et tous les joyaux du trésor particulier du vice-roi du #Pérou », poursuit la revue.

Au Costa Rica, 98,7 % de l’électricité produite est « verte »
▻http://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2015/10/20/au-costa-rica-sur-la-route-de-l-electricite-verte_4793385_3244.html

http://s1.lemde.fr/image/2015/10/20/644x322/4793384_3_fee5_la-ferme-solaire-miravalles-au-costa-rica_96625302b31d8b7b955e112ab403c480.jpg

Plus bas, trois usines hydroélectriques, construites en cascade sur 1 500 mètres de dénivelé, totalisent une capacité de plus de 360 mégawatts (MW). « L’#hydraulique est la première source d’électricité du pays, situé dans une zone tropicale très pluvieuse, commente M. Duran. Mais le réchauffement climatique et le phénomène météorologique d’El Niño menacent la régularité des pluies. Pour éviter de recourir aux combustibles fossiles polluants, l’ICE a dû diversifier sa production d’énergies propres. »

Le 4×4 traverse la ville de Tilaran, dont le nom vient du mot tilawa, qui signifie en langue indienne, « le lieu de la pluie et du vent ». Dans les hauteurs, les bourrasques atteignent plus de 100 km/h. « Dès les années 1980, le pays a été pionnier en Amérique latine dans la recherche en énergie éolienne. » Le Costa Rica compte neuf parcs éoliens et prévoit d’en construire huit autres d’ici à 2017. Le vent est la troisième source d’énergie électrique, après la vapeur des entrailles de la terre.

À 70 km au nord-ouest de Tilaran, d’énormes colonnes de fumée blanche s’échappent des cinq usines du champ géothermique de Miravalles, disséminées sur les flancs boisés du volcan éponyme. Une légère odeur de soufre plane sur cet immense site de 42 km de tuyaux qui relient les turbines aux 25 puits de production, forés à plus de 1 600 mètres de profondeur. « L’eau chaude et la vapeur génèrent 163,5 MW d’électricité », commente Eddy Sanchez, directeur du centre de ressources géothermiques de l’ICE.

Juste à côté de l’usine Miravalles III, 4 300 panneaux photovoltaïques scintillent au soleil. Sur 22 000 m2, leur capacité est de 1 MW. « Cette usine expérimentale nous a été offerte par le gouvernement japonais », souligne M. Sanchez. Solaire, hydraulique, éolien, géothermie… Les centrales sont toutes reliées au Centre de contrôle de l’énergie (Cence), situé à San José, la capitale.

Le mix électrique du #Costa_Rica

De janvier à octobre 2015 : 98,7 % de l’électricité a été produite à partir d’énergies renouvelables, dont 74,6 % hydroélectriques, 12,9 % géothermiques, 10,3 % éoliens, 0,89 % biomasse, 0,01 % solaire et 1,3 % énergies fossiles (Source : ICE)

#cartographie trouvée sur twitter

https://pbs.twimg.com/media/CR1KVQjWIAA_PZJ.png

This Tree Created by Artist Sam Van Aken Grows 40 Different Kinds of Fruit | Colossal
▻http://www.thisiscolossal.com/2015/07/this-grafted-tree-by-artist-sam-van-aken-grows-over-40-different-kin
▻https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ik3l4U_17bI

In 2008, while locating specimens to create a multi-colored blossom tree for an art project, artist and Syracuse University art professor Sam Van Aken had the opportunity to acquire a 3-acre orchard from the New York State Agricultural Experiment Station. Fascinated by the practice of grafting trees since a young age, Aken began to graft buds from the 250 heritage varieties found on the orchard onto a single stock tree.

To create the Frankenstein-esque tree, Aken worked with stone fruits (fruits with pits) like peaches, plums, apricots, almonds, and nectarines. Over the course of five years he successfully grafted dozens of plants onto the same tree, and with that, the Tree of 40 Fruit project was born. Because of their similarities, all 40 fruits bud, bloom and fruit in near perfect unison.

Aken has since grafted at least 16 different “Trees of 40 Fruit” which are planted across the U.S. in places like Newton, Massachusetts; Pound Ridge, New York; Short Hills, New Jersey; Bentonville, Arkansas; and San Jose, California. Each tree is specific to its environment, using both local and antique varieties.

http://www.thisiscolossal.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/trees-4.jpg http://www.thisiscolossal.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/trees-1.jpg

#arbre #botanique #greffes
Il me semble me souvenir que vous aviez déja parlé de cet arbre alors je vous cc @nicolasm @odilon

#Teca #4 : Pura Música in San José, #Costa_Rica
▻http://africasacountry.com/teca-4-pura-musica-in-san-jose-costa-rica

Welcome back to Teca, #LATIN_AMERICA_IS_A_COUNTRY’s own jukebox, where we’ll introduce you to some of the coolest, hippest, most recent #Music from cities around Latin America. Brought to you.....

#MUSIC_PAGE #424 #Billy_the_Kid #Do_Not #Florian_Droids #Las_Robertas #Monte #San_José #Sonámbulo_Psicotropical #Zòpilot !