• “All out” together, on 1 February! & Teaching Sunak and his government a lesson! | #Workers_Fight workplace #bulletin #editorial
    https://www.union-communiste.org/fr/workers-fight-workplace-bulletin-editorials/all-out-together-on-1-february-teaching-sunak-and-his
    #United_Kingdom

    “All out” together, on 1 February!

    The government and their ranting fellow “class warriors” in the media are at it again, spitting their fury against strikers.

    These hypocrites claim that pupils are in danger of being deprived of education because of the threatened strikes; or that patients will die because of a few 1-day strikes by nurses or ambulance workers. They just can’t help themselves: they’re unable to disguise their deep class hatred for workers and poor people. Or their blind ignorance of the world the rest of us live in.

    Neither do they take any responsibility for the situation they’ve created! The crisis in the NHS is not a sudden collapse. It’s been a slowly evolving catastrophe, totally predictable and one which health workers have been warning of for many, many, years. The #crisis in schools has the exact same history!

    But now, with new data from the Office for National Statistics, the idea that wages have “risen” and that inflation is falling (despite the persistent huge gap) is going to be held up as yet another reason to refuse to yield to the demands of striking #workers.

    In passing, it’s worth noting that yes, private sector wages, in some cases, rose. Certain private bosses, for instance in the car industry (BMW Oxford, Ford, Jaguar Land Rover, Nissan, etc...) had already agreed to give “#inflation plus” pay rises for the 2nd year of 2-year pay-deals, so they stuck to their agreements and paid up (even up to 16%!), fearful that their workforces might #strike! Unlike the government and its groupies, they know how to avoid industrial action and anyway, these pay rises were already factored-in to their balance sheets.

    Today, in the case of the public sector, it is the whole of the country’s “public” who are de facto, the workers’ paymasters. Yes, otherwise known as “taxpayers”! And if the public had a say, it would surely offer all the key workers currently trying to fight for their livelihoods, the inflation-proof pay rises they need!

    What’s more it would demand that the #government stop the rot it’s causing to these services immediately - and, for example, reverse the planned cuts in the railways. As one rail worker put it, “they could pay me another 50% - I don’t care, but I’m on strike to fight the closure of ticket offices, the refusal to put guards back on trains and the unsafe cuts in conditions for every category of maintenance worker!”

    The public, if it was in charge, would find a solution to the 165,000+133,000 vacancies in the #NHS and #social_care, by offering a generous “welcome-back” to all those who left the country due to Brexit - an estimated 330,000 - as well as a welcome to the migrant workers and refugees who risk their lives in “small boats” to reach these currently unwelcoming shores!

    In fact two things are needed to solve the public sector crisis: sure, an overturning of this government, that should go without saying. But what’s also needed is for the current fight for livelihoods to be turned into the “class war” which the bosses and politicians, unlike the union leaders, already recognise it is...

    If that’s to happen, strikers will have to start taking their own initiative and above all, bring all sections and unions to fight together as one force!

    Teaching #Sunak and his government a lesson!

    In the end, teachers voted overwhelmingly - by 90% - to strike, despite the doubts of their own union officials! And turnout, at 53%, easily beat the legal threshold, despite ballot papers getting lost due to the postal strike!

    The good news is that the first strike day is called for 1 February, the same day that 100,000 civil service workers - and now also train drivers - will be on strike. And this is the same day too, that the TUC has called a “day of action” against the government’s latest anti-strike law. Maybe the TUC has finally found its teeth...

    However the current anti-strike laws, which set legal thresholds, have prevented the most low-paid of all teaching staff, the teachers’ assistants, from joining the strike. These TAs make up as much as 28% of school workforce today and are used and abused as (very much cheaper) substitutes for teachers. Their conditions are so bad that at the beginning of the school year there were 40,000 TA vacancies!

    In fact the #teachers themselves aren’t only fighting over wages - although the 5% offer comes on the back of falling pay; in real terms they’ve lost 23% (by RPI) since 2010. Today schools are expected to find this 5% “pay rise” from their existing budgets. This means that to pay teachers, schools have to take money from elsewhere, by cutting jobs, cutting building maintenance, and cutting equipment expenditure. Already they’ve been cutting the courses they offer to pupils. They received no increase in funding between 2015 and 2020, and since then only 5% - far behind inflation. Already 1 in 5 school buildings are in urgent need of repair, with the risk of collapse rated “critical”!

    Sunak, who has cancelled his deluxe trip to Davos this year, must definitely feel a little rattled at this point of the strike wave: the polls show that 51% of the public support the teachers’ strikes, but only 21% support his government.

  • Infographies du LCPS Lebanon sur la composition du nouveau gouvernement libanais dirigé par Hassan Diab
    « Nearly 3 months after #Hariri’s resignation, PM Hassan #Diab unveiled what is branded as an expert #government, composed of 20 ministers. LCPS created a set of infographics, to show the distribution of ministerial portfolios by party, type and size. #Lebanon https://t.co/8h30bRJ8ea » / Twitter
    https://twitter.com/LCPSLebanon/status/1220354010257022979
    Les illustrations suivantes montrent bien que ce gouvernement qui est présenté comme « technocratique » en réponse aux demandes des protestataires est en réalité complètement contrôlé par les partis politiques qui ont nommé, dans la continuité des pratiques existantes, des représentants de leur intérêt, même si leur activité professionnelle permet de les qualifier d’experts (pas nécessairement du secteur ministériel qu’ils vont supervisé).


    L’image suivante représente les ministères en fonction de leur allégeance politique et du budget qui leur est alloué. C’est assez discutable car ce budget n’est pas encore voté. De plus, la plus grande part de ces budgets sont déjà fléchés pour des dépenses incompressibles tels que des salaires de fonctionnaires ou le remboursement de la dette. La part réellement contrôlé (emplois de vacataires, projets d’investissement) est beaucoup plus ténue.

    Les deux infographies suivantes sont très intéressantes puisqu’elles illustrent l’évolution de la composition politique du gouvernement et de la part des différents partis. L’originalité du gouvernement réside donc moins dans son supposé caractère technocratique que dans le fait qu’il n’est plus « d’union nationale » comme la majorité des gouvernements depuis 2005. Au contraire, il marque un retour à la coalition dite du 8 mars, c’est à dire l’alliance entre le Courant patriotique du Futur (Aoun) et son allié chrétien du nord les Marada (Frangié), le Hezbollah, Amal (Berri) et leurs soutiens druzes (Arslane) et sunnites. Le Courant du Futur (Hariri), le Parti socialiste progressiste (Jounblatt), les Forces libanaises (Geagea) et les Kataeb (Gemayel) n’en sont pas.

  • En passant par les Émirats (à l’occasion des « sabotages » à Fujairah…) je découvre le tout nouveau Ministère des possibilités et ses quatre départements, dont celui du Prix comportemental, avec un système permettant de gagner des #bons_points monnayables.

    Saif Bin Zayed chairs Ministry of Possibilities’ first meeting
    https://gulfnews.com/uae/government/saif-bin-zayed-chairs-ministry-of-possibilities-first-meeting-1.63957800


    Shaikh Saif approved the Department of Behavioural Award’s plans during the Ministry of Possibilities meeting.
    Image Credit : WAM

    Dubai: Lieutenant General Shaikh Saif Bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Interior, yesterday chaired the first meeting for the Department of Behavioural Award of the Ministry of Possibilities, which was launched to bring about a radical change in the current government work systems.

    During the meeting, Shaikh Saif approved the department’s action plans for the next phase, which includes setting a list of behaviours affecting society, and identifying incentives to stimulate good behaviour, in addition to developing a smart application to reach out to all segments of society.

    Shaikh Saif stressed that the UAE is pressing ahead with enhancing its success to improve the quality of life under the leadership of President His Highness Shaikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan and the creative initiatives of His Highness Shaikh Mohammad Bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice-President and Prime Minister of the UAE and Ruler of Dubai, and His Highness Shaikh Mohammad Bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Abu Dhabi Crown Prince and Deputy Supreme Commander of the UAE Armed Forces.

    He stressed the ministry’s department of behavioural rewards is a pioneering initiative launched to promote positive behaviour among all members of the society, its institutions and to invest the positive potential of the UAE society within an institutional framework.
    […]
    Last April, Shaikh Mohammad Bin Rashid launched the Ministry of Possibilities as the world’s first virtual ministry to apply design-thinking and experimentation to develop proactive and disruptive solutions to tackle critical issues, bringing together federal and local government teams and the private sector.

    The first phase of the ministry’s work will include several national programmes in the form of four departments which are:
    • Department of Anticipatory Services — it aims to redefine customer experience in all areas and provides anticipatory services to the public,
    • Department of Behavioural Rewards — it aims to develop an approach for incentivising positive behaviour through a point-based rewards system that can be used in payments for government services,
    • Department of UAE Talent — it aims to create a nurturing environment to empower Emiratis to be part of the country’s development and future design,
    • Department of Government Procurement — it aims to make government procurement faster and more accessible, especially for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).

  • CryptoMap: 3 Reasons Why #germany Is Turning Into A Crypto Hub
    https://hackernoon.com/cryptomap-3-reasons-why-germany-is-turning-into-a-crypto-hub-3ea5a5c6a7a

    A #government supportive of innovative technologies, a crypto-friendly tax regulation and a curious youth. Ok. The beer too.Germans know well what benefits the latest #fintech innovations can bring. The country always had a leading role in EU in most of the industries and technologies are no exception. Today, we are going to travel to the land of Oktoberfest and hard-working people to see the attitude of people and government towards cryptocurrencies and #blockchain.National Strategy on Blockchain and CryptoEurope’s largest economy joined the hype over cryptocurrencies a while ago as it deployed blockchain in many industries. Currently, the government is launching a process that will make up a comprehensive blockchain strategy in the near future.Germany is looking for help and asks their own (...)

    #cryptocurrency

  • Italy strengthens Libya accord, another four patrol boats

    Italy announced it is sending another four patrol boats to Libya in addition to others that were previously delivered to the North African country, in an effort to strengthen collaboration in fighting illegal immigration.

    Italy is strengthening its collaboration with Libya through a series of measures aimed at fighting illegal immigration. It will send four more patrol boats to Libya in addition to the ones that were previously delivered. It will also create a Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre (MRCC), a naval shipyard to provide maintenance for the vessels, and systems for communication and controls along the coast. Italy is reinforcing its agreement with Libya in order to improve Tripoli’s ability to fight illegal immigration, provide migrant rescues, and control the borders.

    A total of 45 mn made available for interventions

    The measures were agreed upon during a meeting in Tripoli between the heads of the Libyan Navy and Coast Guard and representatives from the Italian Interior Ministry, Finance Police, Coast Guard, and Navy. There are 45 million euros available for interventions, 10 million from the EU and 35 million from the four Visegrad Group countries (Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic and Slovakia). The plans also provide for a series of reforms involving Libyan authorities responsible for the borders, including those managing search and rescue (SAR) operations, and personnel training for every sector in the Libyan public administration.

    Protests in France over vessels for Libya

    Meanwhile, protests erupted in France over the government’s decision to follow the Italian example and provide six vessels to the Libyan Navy. Michael Neuman, director of studies at Doctors Without Borders/ Crash (Centre de Réflexion sur l’Action et les Savoirs Humanitaires), called the decision “a supplementary step in European cooperation with Libya to strengthen control of the borders, at the cost of despicable conditions of detention for migrants.” Neuman was cited on Monday in the French daily Le Monde in an article on the French government’s new and unexpected decision.

    https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/15395/italy-strengthens-libya-accord-another-four-patrol-boats

    #Libye #externalisation #France #gardes-côtes_libyens #asile #migrations #frontières #contrôles_frontaliers #Italie

    • Appalti sulle frontiere: 30 mezzi di terra alla Libia dall’Italia per fermare i migranti

      Il ministero dell’Interno italiano si appresta a fornire alle autorità di Tripoli nuovi veicoli fuoristrada per il “contrasto del fenomeno dell’immigrazione irregolare”. Un appalto da 2,1 milioni di euro finanziato tramite il “Fondo Fiduciario per l’Africa”, nell’ambito del quale l’Italia accresce il proprio ruolo. Il tutto mentre l’immagine ostentata di una “Libia sicura” è offuscata dagli stessi atti di gara del Viminale

      Il ministero dell’Interno italiano si appresta a fornire alle autorità della Libia trenta nuovi veicoli fuoristrada per le “esigenze istituzionali legate al contrasto del fenomeno dell’immigrazione irregolare”. L’avviso esplorativo pubblicato dalla Direzione centrale dell’immigrazione e della Polizia delle frontiere, insediata presso il Viminale, risale al 5 marzo 2019 (scadenza per la presentazione della manifestazione d’interesse all’8 aprile di quest’anno).

      La fornitura riguarda 30 mezzi “Toyota Land Cruiser” (15 del modello GRJ76 Petrol e 15 del GRJ79 DC Petrol), in “versione tropicalizzata”, relativamente ai quali le autorità libiche, il 24 dicembre 2018, avrebbero esplicitato alla Direzione di Roma precise “specifiche tecniche”. Il Viminale la definisce una “richiesta di assistenza tecnica” proveniente da Tripoli per le “esigenze istituzionali legate al contrasto del fenomeno dell’immigrazione irregolare”. In forza di questa “strategia”, dunque, il governo italiano -in linea con i precedenti, come abbiamo raccontato a gennaio nell’inchiesta sugli “affari lungo le frontiere”– continua a equipaggiare le autorità del Paese Nord-africano per contrastare i flussi migratori. L’ammontare “massimo” degli ultimi due lotti (da 15 mezzi l’uno) è stimato in 2,1 milioni di euro.

      E così come è stato per la gara d’appalto da oltre 9,3 milioni di euro per la fornitura di 20 imbarcazioni destinate alla polizia libica, indetta dal Viminale a fine dicembre 2018, anche nel caso dei 30 mezzi Toyota le risorse arriveranno dal “Fondo Fiduciario per l’Africa” (EU Trust Fund), istituito dalla Commissione europea a fine 2015 con una dotazione di oltre 4 miliardi di euro. In particolare, dal progetto implementato dal Viminale e intitolato “Support to integrated Border and Migration Management in Libya – First Phase”, dal valore di oltre 46 milioni di euro e il cui “delegation agreement” risale a metà dicembre 2017 (governo Gentiloni, ministro competente Marco Minniti).

      Questo non è l’unico progetto finanziato tramite l’EU Trust Fund che vede il ministero dell’Interno italiano attivo nel continente africano. Alla citata “First Phase”, infatti, se ne sono affiancati nel tempo altri due. Uno è di stanza in Tunisia e Marocco (“Border Management Programme for the Maghreb region”), datato luglio 2018 e dal valore di 55 milioni di euro. L’altro progetto, di nuovo, ricade in Libia. Si tratta del “Support to Integrated border and migration management in Libya – Second Phase”, risalente al 13 dicembre 2018, per un ammontare di altri 45 milioni di euro. Le finalità dichiarate nell’”Action Document” della seconda fase in Libia sono -tra le altre- quelle di “intensificare gli sforzi fatti”, “sviluppare nuove aree d’intervento”, “rafforzare le capacità delle autorità competenti che sorvegliano i confini marittimi e terrestri”, “l’acquisto di altre navi”, “l’implementazione della rete di comunicazione del Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre” di Tripoli, “la progettazione specifica di programmi per la neocostituita polizia del deserto”.

      La strategia di contrasto paga, sostiene la Commissione europea. “Gli sforzi dell’Ue e dell’Italia nel sostenere la Guardia costiera libica per migliorare la sua capacità operativa hanno raggiunto risultati significativi e tangibili nel 2018”, afferma nel lancio della “seconda fase”. Di “significativo e tangibile” c’è il crollo degli sbarchi sulle coste italiane, in particolare dalla Libia. Dati del Viminale alla mano, infatti, nel periodo compreso tra l’1 gennaio e il 7 marzo 2017 giunsero 15.843 persone, scese a 5.457 lo scorso anno e arrivate a 335 quest’anno. La frontiera è praticamente sigillata. Un “successo” che nasconde la tragedia dei campi di detenzione e sequestro libici dove migliaia di persone sono costrette a rimanere.

      È in questa cornice che giunge il nuovo “avviso” del Viminale dei 30 veicoli, pubblicato come detto il 5 marzo. Quello stesso giorno il vice-presidente del Consiglio e ministro dell’Interno, Matteo Salvini, ha incontrato a Roma il vicepremier libico Ahmed Maiteeq. Un “cordiale colloquio”, come recita il comunicato ministeriale, che avrebbe visto sul tavolo “i rapporti tra i due Paesi, in particolare su sicurezza, lotta al terrorismo, immigrazione e stabilizzazione politica della Libia”.

      Ma l’immagine ostentata dal governo Conte di una “Libia sicura” è offuscata dagli stessi atti di gara del ministero dell’Interno. Tra i quesiti presentati al Viminale da parte dei potenziali concorrenti al bando dei 20 battelli da destinare alla polizia libica, infatti, si trovano richieste esplicite di “misure atte a garantire la sicurezza dei propri operatori”. “Laddove si rendesse strettamente necessario effettuare interventi di garanzia richiesti in loco (Libia)”, gli operatori di mercato hanno chiesto alla Direzione centrale dell’immigrazione e della Polizia delle frontiere “che tali prestazioni potranno essere organizzate a patto che le imbarcazioni si trovino in città (Tripoli, ndr) per garantire la sicurezza degli operatori inviati per tali prestazioni”. Il ministero dell’Interno conferma il quadro di instabilità del Paese: “Le condizioni di sicurezza in Libia devono essere attentamente valutate in ragione della contingenza al momento dell’esecuzione del contratto”, è la replica al quesito. “Appare di tutto evidenza che la sicurezza degli operatori non dovrà essere compromessa in relazione ai rischi antropici presenti all’interno dello Stato beneficiario della commessa”. Per gli operatori, non per i migranti in fuga.

      https://altreconomia.it/appalti-libia-frontiere-terra
      #fonds_fiduciaire_pour_l'Afrique #Trust_Fund

    • Italian journalist: We’ve invented an authority that doesn’t exist in Libya, Al-Sarraj is a feint

      Founder and director of Italian magazine Limes, Lucio Caracciolo, said during a media statement on Thursday that Italy invented an authority that does not exist in Libya, in a reference to the Tripoli-based #Government_of_National_Accord (#GNA), which Caracciolo described its Prime Minister Fayez Al-Sarraj as a “feint”.

      http://www.addresslibya.com/en/archives/43168

    • Appalti del Viminale sulle frontiere: ecco chi è rimasto in gara per sei nuove navi alla Libia

      A fine 2018 il ministero dell’Interno ha indetto un bando di gara per la fornitura di 20 “battelli” da cedere alla polizia della Libia per contrastare il flusso dei migranti. In gara -per il lotto di sei navi- è rimasta oggi un’azienda di Cervia. I finanziamenti arrivano dall’Unione europea. Nel frattempo, il governo cerca un veicolo blindato per l’esperto immigrazione italiano a Tripoli. A proposito di “luogo sicuro”

      La gara d’appalto da oltre 9,3 milioni di euro indetta dal ministero dell’Interno italiano a fine 2018 per la fornitura di 20 nuove imbarcazioni da destinare alla polizia della Libia per contrastare il flusso dei migranti si sta definendo.
      Dopo l’ultima riunione della commissione giudicatrice del 27 settembre 2019, è rimasta infatti in gara una sola azienda -la “MED Spa” di Cervia (RA)- a seguito dell’esclusione della concorrente -la ditta individuale Marcelli- disposta a fine settembre dal Viminale per una “riscontrata difformità” rispetto alle “specifiche tecniche di gara” (un tubolare).
      La procedura di gara dei 20 “battelli pneumatici di tipo oceanico”, suddivisi in due lotti da 14 e 6 unità, è partita poco prima del Natale 2018, il 21 dicembre, tramite una “determina a contrarre” firmata della Direzione centrale dell’immigrazione e della Polizia delle frontiere, insediata proprio presso il Viminale.

      Come descritto a gennaio, in questo caso i finanziamenti arrivano dal “Fondo Fiduciario per l’Africa” (EU Trust Fund), istituito dalla Commissione europea a fine 2015 con una dotazione di oltre 4 miliardi di euro. Le risorse per i 20 “battelli” che l’Italia sta per cedere alla Libia arriveranno in particolare dal progetto “Support to integrated Border and Migration Management in Libya – First Phase”, del valore di oltre 46 milioni di euro e il cui “delegation agreement” risale a metà dicembre 2017 (governo Gentiloni, ministro dell’Interno Marco Minniti). “Nel Progetto è prevista una specifica voce di budget per la fornitura di battelli pneumatici da destinare allo Stato della Libia”, in particolare alla “polizia libica”, scrive negli atti di gara il ministero.

      Se l’Unione europea è il principale finanziatore, chi deve implementarne la prima fase in loco, dal luglio 2017, è appunto il nostro ministero dell’Interno. È un “pezzo” di quella strategia di dichiarato “contrasto all’immigrazione clandestina” che l’Italia conduce da tempo lungo le rotte africane, al fine di respingere per delega le persone. Nel gennaio di quest’anno abbiamo dedicato l’inchiesta di copertina di Altreconomia proprio a questi affari lungo le frontiere e agli appalti pubblici del Viminale, ricostruendone filiera, fonti di finanziamento, soggetti coinvolti e valore.

      Stando agli ultimi atti di gara, dunque, la “MED Spa” è rimasta senza contendenti per quanto riguarda il “Lotto 2”, dal valore massimo stimato in 2,4 milioni di euro. Si tratta di sei imbarcazioni da 9 metri “complete di motori fuoribordo da 250 HP 4 tempi” (per il primo lotto non sarebbero pervenute offerte). “Per ogni battello acquisito -riporta la specifica tecnica del ministero- la ditta contraente provvederà ad un corso di 30 ore per l’indottrinamento alla condotta, uso delle apparecchiature di bordo e manutenzione del battello a favore di almeno quattro operatori”. Mezzi e formazione.

      La MED è stata fondata nel 2014 e al 30 giugno di quest’anno conta 92 addetti e un fatturato di circa 12,5 milioni di euro (2018). Come già anticipato in primavera, il 98,93% del capitale della società (pari a 1,48 milioni di euro) è sotto sequestro preventivo disposto nel febbraio 2018 dal Tribunale di Perugia. La motivazione è esplicitata nel bilancio della stessa società: si tratta delle quote del suo principale azionista, “Feendom International FZE”, domiciliato negli Emirati Arabi Uniti. “Il provvedimento (di sequestro, ndr) -si legge nel bilancio 2018 di MED- fa rifermento a pregresse attività di natura illecita svolta da diversi soggetti ai quali farebbe verosimilmente riferimento la proprietà della FEENDOM INTERNATIONAL FZE, svolte in settori differenti da quello nel quale opera la MED SpA. Si evidenzia che la MED SpA è stata interessata dal succitato provvedimento di sequestro esclusivamente quale soggetto terzo”.

      La vicenda societaria della MED è già stata esaminata dal ministero dell’Interno che, anche a seguito di separate comunicazioni dell’amministratore giudiziario, non avrebbe rilevato alcun “motivo ostativo” alla sua partecipazione. MED ha scommesso sulle “gare pubbliche”. “La società non ha subito pesanti contraccolpi sul proprio business -si legge infatti nella relazione sulla gestione del bilancio 2018 di MED-, se non la perdita di alcuni marchi […] che però è stata controbilanciata dal settore gare pubbliche. A tale proposito questa linea di business sta contribuendo in maniera sempre più importante alla crescita di MED, basti pensare che a seguito dell’acquisizione di alcune gare con l’Arma dei Carabinieri, abbiamo un portafoglio di opzioni, esercitabili nei prossimi due anni, di circa 4 milioni di euro”.

      Mentre la fornitura dei battelli va verso una definizione, se ne è aperta un’altra, tra fine settembre e inizio ottobre 2019, dal valore più ridotto (90mila euro) ma legata sempre al progetto “Support to integrated Border and Migration Management in Libya – First Phase”. Stiamo parlando del “servizio di noleggio di un’autovettura blindata per la durata di un anno, da utilizzare nella città di Tripoli” che il ministero dell’Interno vorrebbe affidare direttamente per le “esigenze dell’esperto immigrazione” italiano nella capitale della Libia. Dovrebbe trattarsi di una Toyota Land Cruiser o di un “modello equivalente”. Il termine per la presentazione delle istanze è scaduto il 14 ottobre. A proposito di “luogo sicuro”.

      https://altreconomia.it/appalti-libia-navi

    • Libia, festa della Marina: l’Italia consegna dieci nuove motovedette

      Sabato scorso a Tripoli, nella base di #Sitta. Promesse dall’ex ministro Salvini a luglio scorso, i libici ne prendono possesso proprio nel giorno della scadenza del Memorandum
      La Marina libica ha festeggiato il 57esimo anniversario della sua fondazione prendendo possesso delle dieci nuove piccole motovedette fornite dall’Italia. La cerimonia e’ avvenuta nella base di Abu Sitta a Tripoli sabato scorso, il 2 novembre, proprio il giorno in cui scadeva il contestato Memorandum Italia-Libia che il governo italiano ha scelto di rinnovare per j prossimi tre anni chiedendo delle modifiche a garanzia del rispetto dei diritti umani delle migliaia di migranti intercettati dalla guardia costiera libica e riportati nei centri di detenzione in cui vengono tenuti in condizioni disumane e sottoposti ad ogni tipo di violenze.

      La consegna delle motovedette che va cosi’ ad arricchire la flotta della Guardia costiera fornita e addestrata dall’Italia era stata promessa e annunciata per la fine dell’estate dall’ex ministro dell’Interno Matteo Salvini in uno degli ultimi comitati nazionale ordine e sicurezza da lui presieduto. Negli ultimi due anni sono stati quasi 40.000 i migranti intercettati e riportati indietro dai libici con interventi nella zona Sar sotto il controllo di Tripoli ma che, dalle indagini dei pm di Agrigento, risulta di fatto gestita dalla Marina italiana. Le foto delle dieci nuove motovedette consegnate durante la cerimonia sono state diffuse dalla Lybian navy e rilanciate dal sito di osservazione Migrant Rescue watch

      Ieri il ministro degli Esteri libico Mohamed Taher Siala ha ricevuto l’ambasciatore italiano Giuseppe Buccino Grimaldi, latore della nota verbale con cui l’Italia ha chiesto l’insediamento del Comitato italo-libico presieduto dai ministri di Interno ed Esteri di entrambi i Paesi, e ha confermato che la Libia esaminera’ gli emendamenti proposti dall’Italia e «decidera’ se approvarli o meno in linea con gli interessi supremi del governo e del popolo libico». Sulle modifiche al Memorandum il ministro dell’Interno Luciana Lamorgese riferira’ alla Camera mercoledi pomeriggio.

      https://www.repubblica.it/cronaca/2019/11/04/news/libia_festa_della_marina_l_italia_consegna_dieci_nuove_motovedette-240197
      #bateau #bateaux

  • Davos 2019: Parables from the Promenade
    https://hackernoon.com/davos-2019-parables-from-the-promenade-e116d3f03fb?source=rss----3a8144e

    Davos 2019: Parables from the PromenadeOn the train ride to Davos, the influential Swiss town in the middle of nowhere. I flew into Zurich from Bangkok so I was not ready for the cold at all.The economic mood hasn’t been so bright leading up to 2019’s World Economic Forum at Davos. We are very far along the risk curve and are left with a paucity of “alpha” to uncover, leaving the economy at its most fragile state after the unexpected Trump Rally. I often get asked where to park one’s treasury, and I can provide little input (not equities, not gold). The world today is still injured with the events of a mystical 2008 past, and the recent hit in the market leave us in weak confidence. Our collective memories and melodies are mystic not born in relation to reality, but transforms our (...)

    #hackernoon-top-story #bitcoin #davos-2019 #cryptocurrency #government

  • The Four Essential Elements of the Smart City Revolution
    https://hackernoon.com/4-elements-to-support-smart-city-revolution-82e8f9301031?source=rss----3

    Canada is moving forward with great initiatives to support the smart cities development as the #government well understood it is a technology race that will promote the country’s image and create opportunities to sell and promote our technologies abroad. What amaze me is the social and community dimension of this revolution as a citizen, way of life and environment are put together at the center of the strategy.We are in the merge of a new world population distribution and countries have to face the inevitable city growth and prepare an adequate, intelligent and scalable infrastructure. Energy, waste, pollution, methods of communication, interactivity, transportation, traffic, and government services are the big challenges to manage environmental and human impacts. This transformation (...)

    #smart-buildings #smart-cities #smart-transportation

  • Decentralized censorship-resistant video will transform our society.
    https://hackernoon.com/decentralized-censorship-resistant-video-will-transform-our-society-b6ba

    Decentralized (censorship-resistant) video is about to transform our societyHow a new #blockchain project might free us from censorship“Two roads diverged in a [yellow] wood, and I, I took the one less traveled by…” — Robert FrostImagine two very different technology futures. In one, we continue on the same path of centralized video delivery platforms — a world where video is stored, transcoded, and distributed from mammoth data centers owned by Facebook, Amazon, and Google. Or another, where video is distributed across a network of decentralized nodes — a world where video (information) is not under the mercy of some single authority.The primary purpose behind this article — other than to present these two different futures — is to guide those readers unfamiliar with a new blockchain protocol, called (...)

    #government #politics #cryptocurrency #ethereum

  • #blockchain For #peace — Law & Governance Hackathon
    https://hackernoon.com/blockchain-for-peace-law-governance-hackathon-41bb784cc25f?source=rss---

    Blockchain for Peace is a community resource center for social entrepreneurs, researchers, and impact investors to create an open-source knowledge library.Where do coders, designers, and academics go to unleash their best ideas and push the limits of their creativity and intelligence? At #hackathons hundreds of people form teams to give birth to ideas in only 24 hours before presenting their creations to a panel of judges to win prizes. We’re excited to announce the dopest hackathon of the year, Blockchain for Peace’s “Law & Governance” hack at Bushwick Generator on July 27–29th. It will be co-hosted by Peace Accelerators, Stanford University, and Bushwick Blockchain Alliance, taking place two blocks from ConsenSys headquarters in the heart of NYC’s blockchain community.Signup now on (...)

    #government #sdgs

  • What is #government stealing from you ?
    https://hackernoon.com/what-is-government-stealing-from-you-a772b8c7df0b?source=rss----3a8144ea

    “Anonymity is just a perception. It’s not that somebody owns it but possess it”If you are fully known to an enemy or naked in your battle, you may not even stand a chance. If you are giving every piece of information about yourself to the enemy, then they have the power to think accordingly and counter our every move with a smarter move before we even attacked them with it. Think about it?By the way, I am the curator of CodesMyth, an online platform for Simplifying code and breaking Myths.But what sense does the above things imply?What is happening to our anonymity?Now, we may or may not know it but the top government agencies from all around the world are spying on us continuously 24 X 7 by recording our call location, tracking our mobile GPS, Facebook & Twitter Update, online payment (...)

    #security

  • Be a Presidential #innovation Fellow
    https://hackernoon.com/be-a-presidential-innovation-fellow-864c3ea3adea?source=rss----3a8144eab

    Logo of the Presidential Innovation FellowsThe Presidential Innovation Fellows (PIFs) are awesome, and they are hiring.The Fellows are the vanguard of innovation within #government, specifically tasked with creating innovative solutions to huge problems within the US Federal Government. You spend a year in Washington D.C. as a part of a team of 15 to 25 other Fellows, each trying to guide the ship of state technologically and sometimes in policy — especially tech policy.Application is competitive, as is pay. You don’t have to have great credentials —but you do have to be an impact junkie. You have to be ready, willing and able to instigate change in huge bureaucracies that resist change. I believe the PIF leadership is devoted to recruited a diverse and gender-balanced class in 2018.The (...)

    #open-source #presidential-innovation #agile

  • Over a Third of U.S. Navy Ships in Pacific Lack Training Certification -Watchdog – gCaptain
    http://gcaptain.com/over-a-third-of-u-s-navy-ships-in-pacific-lack-training-certification-watc

    Speaking before a House of Representatives Armed Services Committee hearing, John Pendleton, from the U.S. #Government_Accountability_Office (#GAO), said that a report had found that 37 percent of U.S. Navy cruisers and destroyers based out of Japan had expired warfare certifications as of June 2017. That was a five-fold increase from the number in May 2015.

    The certification is a measurement of whether a ship and its crew are well trained and ready for operations.

    The GAO report also found that a reduction in crew sizes was contributing to safety risks, with some sailors working over 100 hours a week and there was limited training because of an increased demand for operations.

    The Navy has made plans to revise operational schedules to provide dedicated training time for overseas-based ships, but this schedule has not yet been implemented,” the report said.

    #USS_John_S_McCain #USS_Fitzgerald

    Ah ouais !
    note : on est plus près de 40% que du tiers…

    • On est encore en dessous de cela : 8 sur 11 navires (72,7% !) n’ont pas la qualification « navigation » en juin 2017…

      Readiness of U.S. Ships in Japan Focus of USS John S. McCain, USS Fitzgerald Collision Hearing - USNI News
      https://news.usni.org/2017/09/07/readiness-u-s-ships-japan-focus-uss-john-s-mccain-uss-fitzgerald-collisio

      I have had made the assumption for many, many years that our forward deployed forces in Japan were the most proficient, well-trained, most experienced force we have because they were operating all the time,” [Navy’s second in command, VCNO Adm.] Moran told a Thursday joint hearing before the House Armed Services readiness and seapower and projection forces subcommittees.

      It was the wrong assumption.
      […]
      As of June 2017, 37 percent of the warfare certifications for cruiser and destroyer crews homeported in Japan had expired, and over two-thirds of the expired certifications—including mobility-seamanship and air warfare—had been expired for five months or more

      There were specific areas that were higher than 37 percent and one of those was seamanship. Eight of the 11 ships had expired certification for seamanship,” he told the panel

      This represents more than a fivefold increase in the percentage of expired warfare certifications for these ships since our May 2015 report.

      Both the Fitzgerald and McCain had expired certifications, but Pendleton wouldn’t detail the precise certifications that were out of date.

      Faut-il s’en étonner quand on voit la programmation du temps consacré aux différentes activités ?


      2015 GAO Image

      Donc, si on lit le graphique, en 2015 le GAO constate sereinement (?) que pour la flotte déployée au Japon, sur un cycle de 2 ans, il n’y aucune séquence consacrée à l’entrainement ou la formation…

      On rappelle par ailleurs que depuis 2003, il n’y a plus non plus de séquence de formation initiale des futurs officiers à la navigation qu’elle soit théorique (uniquement sur CD ou DVD) ou pratique (sur le tas pendant les prochains embarquements)…

    • Arf ! 3 jours après, CNN se réveille. Mais c’est Exclusive !

      Exclusive : US Navy ships in deadly collisions had dismal training records - CNNPolitics
      http://edition.cnn.com/2017/09/11/politics/navy-ships-training-expired/index.html

      The two US Navy destroyers involved in deadly collisions in the Pacific this summer both had lengthy records of failure to fulfill key training requirements, according to Government Accountability Office data provided to Congress and obtained by CNN.

      The USS Fitzgerald had expired training certification for 10 out of 10 key warfare mission areas in June, and the USS John S. McCain had let its certifications lapse in six out of the 10 mission areas, the data show.
      The dismal training record for the two ships sheds new light on one factor that may have contributed to the two collisions with commercial ships in June and August, which killed 17 sailors.
      […]
      A Navy official contested the GAO’s training certification data, arguing that the GAO was focused on higher-level warfighting certifications and not the nuts-and-bolts certifications for operating ships where the Pacific fleet’s destroyers and cruisers have a better record. There are 22 certifications required for each ship and the GAO only reported on half, the official noted, though they declined to provide the full training records for the USS Fitzgerald and USS McCain, citing the ongoing investigations into the collisions.

      Mais, apparemment, il ne s’agit pas des compétences de navigation.

      The GAO examined training records in June for all of the Japan-based destroyers and cruisers, focusing on 10 key warfare training areas. They included air warfare, ballistic missile defense, electronic warfare, fire support, cruise missiles and more.
      The USS Fitzgerald had let its training certifications expire for all of them, according to the GAO data.

      The Navy’s preliminary findings in its Fitzgerald investigation found the crew failed to understand and acknowledge the cargo ship was approaching and failed to take any action necessary to avoid the collision.

      (sur ce dernier point, c’était dans le rapport préliminaire de l’US Navy il y a un peu plus de 3 semaines https://seenthis.net/messages/607667#message623706 )

    • Cyber Probes to be Part of All Future Navy Mishap Investigations After USS John S. McCain Collision - USNI News
      https://news.usni.org/2017/09/14/cyber-probes-part-future-navy-mishap-investigations-uss-john-s-mccain-col

      Probing potential cyber tampering and cyber intrusion will now be a standard part of U.S. Navy accident investigation following the Aug. 21 collision of guided missile destroyer USS John S. McCain (DDG-56) with a chemical tanker, Vice Chief of Naval Operations Adm. Bill Moran told Congress last week.

      As part of the investigation into McCain’s collision, a team from the Navy’s U.S. 10th Fleet cyber arm traveled to Singapore to see if a reported steering failure of the destroyer was a result of cyber tampering, USNI News reported last month.
      […]
      I would also offer to you that just about every three letter agency in Washington, D.C. has looked to see if there were indications of an intent or a potential acknowledgement of a cyber attack. We have seen — I have personally not seen any evidence of that. But we’re not stopping there. The team is in place in Singapore today, has been for several days capturing all of the computer and network information to see if they can find any abnormalities or disruptions.” [Vice Chief of Naval Operations Adm. Bill Moran said]

      The effort, called Operation #Orion’s_Hammer, focused on the reported failure of the aft steering mechanism that early reports say helped cause the collision between McCain and a chemical tanker off the coast of Singapore on Aug. 21 resulting in the death of 10 sailors, several Navy officials have told USNI News.

      On aurait donc bien confirmation d’une avarie de barre.

    • Sen. John S McCain III (R-AZ) dont le grand-père est l’éponyme du USS John S McCain à propos des collisions. Quelles que soient les conclusions des enquêtes, il est facile d’utiliser ces événements pour réclamer une augmentation du budget de la Navy
      #send_more_money

      McCain Laments ’Accident After Accident’ After Military Cuts - Bloomberg
      https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-09-17/mccain-laments-accident-after-accident-after-military-cuts

      Following a series of deadly accidents, Senator John McCain on Sunday renewed his calls to address what he described as a U.S. failure during the past eight years to ensure that the military is prepared, equipped and trained. 

      Whenever you cut defense capabilities, the first thing that goes is the training and the readiness, because that’s easy enough to cancel,” the Arizona Republican and chairman of the Senate Armed Service Committee said on CBS’s “Face the Nation.

      McCain, a Vietnam War veteran from a military family, has been a longtime critic of the automatic cuts in U.S. spending — including reductions in U.S. defense — known as sequestration that began in 2013 under an earlier deal to raise the country’s debt limit.
      […]
      When you really look at how much time they have at actual training and readiness, it’s continued to shrink,” McCain said. “We have accident after accident after accident. We are killing more Americans in uniform in training than we are in engagement with the enemy. That’s not acceptable.

  • Ben Carson Says Poverty Is A ’State of Mind" : NPR
    http://www.npr.org/2017/05/25/530068988/ben-carson-says-poverty-is-a-state-of-mind

    When it comes to #poor #Americans, the #Trump administration has a message: #Government# aid is holding many of them back. Without it, many more of them would be #working.

    Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Director Mick Mulvaney said as much when presenting the administration’s budget plan this week to cut safety net programs by hundreds of billions of dollars over the next 10 years. The administration also wants to tighten work requirements for those getting aid, such as food stamps, or Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits.

    “If you’re on food stamps, and you’re able-bodied, we need you to go to work. If you’re on disability insurance and you’re not supposed to be — if you’re not truly disabled, we need you to go back to work,” he said.

    #USA #pauvreté

  • #Trump & #Bannon big mistake: they do not realize that could get most if not all of what they want in terms of the revanchism of race, gender & class, the white Christian nation that they seem to wish for, without strongman politics. American #institutions offer more than enough resources for crushing their opposition quietly & efficiently. The experienced Republicans understand that so, if Trump or Bannon falls, the disaster will be less spectacular but actually worse.
    http://coreyrobin.com/2017/01/31/the-american-terrible #USA #government #gouvernement

  • “French civil liberties and the ’spirit of sacrifice’ - With a state of emergency in place and surveillance increasing, how much will the French accept in the name of security ?”
    http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2015/11/french-civil-liberties-spirit-sacrifice-151130074036371.html #terrorisme #sécurité #état_d'urgence #autoritarisme

    "The experience of repressive regimes such as [Nicolae] Ceausescu’s Romania is that increasing surveillance decreases the level of #trust that people have for their #government and makes them less cooperative and less supportive of the government" Paul Bernal, a law professor at Britain’s University of East Anglia and the author of Internet Privacy Rights: Rights to Protect Autonomy, explains.

    “Emergency’ powers need to be maintained only for emergencies: the longer these kinds of powers are kept after an obvious emergency, the easier it is for trust to be damaged”. He adds that powers introduced for one reason could be used for others - a “prime danger usually known as ’function creep’ or ’mission creep’”.

    "Right now, in Paris, some of the powers brought in to combat terrorism seem to be being used to control protesters and others at the climate change conference, for example. Powers might be used to stifle dissent, to clamp down on people like environmental campaigners, students and so forth. It needs a huge amount of care to avoid this problem - in practice it seems to happen all the time"

  • govroam : government roaming : La Belgique et les Pays Bas ont un accord qui permet aux fonctionnaires d’avoir un accès WiFi (WLAN) vers Internet dans l’autre pays, avec le même identifiant et mot de passe que dans leur propre pays.

    Un système de roaming gouvernemental basé sur le principe eduroam existe déjà dans chaque pays et permet aux fonctionnaires d’avoir un accès WiFi sécurisé dans tout bâtiment administratif ayant mis en place govroam.


    Ce principe est maintenant étendu vers un niveau international, ce qui signifie qu’il y a un niveau d’hiérarchie RADIUS supplémentaire.
    D’autres pays pourront suivre.

    http://datanews.levif.be/ict/la-belgique-et-les-pays-bas-s-accordent-sur-l-internet-sans-fil-via-govroam/article-normal-428315.html

    Le principe de govroam est simple : les fonctionnaires utiliseront leur propre nom d’utilisateur et leur mot de passe pour surfer en sécurité sur le réseau sans fil de leur propre service public, mais aussi sur les réseaux de toutes les autres organisations participantes.

    [...]

    « Govroam va rendre les fonctionnaires plus mobiles et veillera à ce qu’ils puissent collaborer de manière plus efficiente, y compris par delà des frontières nationales »

    https://govroam.nl/english

    technical information :

    https://govroam.nl/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/CookBook-How-To-setup-govroam-for-government-organisations-2MB.pdf

    Plus d’info technique sur eduroam et son RFC :

    http://seenthis.net/messages/415544

    #govroam #eduroam
    #IAM
    #wireless #wifi #WLAN
    #SSO #single_sign-on
    #government #gouvernement
    #RADIUS #802.1X

  • Government of Latvia supports taking 526 asylum-seekers more voluntary. Latvia will start taking asylum-seekers this fall - in total 776 persons in two-years period.
    At the same time they stress that government is against quota system, as this is not sustainable plan.

    Valdība atbalsta brīvprātīgu papildu 526 bēgļu uzņemšanu | Ziņas | TVNET
    http://www.tvnet.lv/zinas/latvija/576357-valdiba_atbalsta_brivpratigu_papildu_526_beglu_uznemsanu

    Valdība šodien atbalstīja Iekšlietu ministrijas sagatavoto Latvijas pozīciju bēgļu jautājumā, kas paredz, ka Latvija piekrīt brīvprātīgi uzņemt papildu 526 patvēruma meklētājus, bet iebilst pret obligāto kvotu sistēmas ieviešanu, norādot, ka bēgļu jautājuma risināšanā fiziska personu pārdale ir tikai galējais līdzeklis ārkārtas situācijās.

    #master2016 #quota_system #Juncker #Latvia #asylum-seekers #Government_of_Latvia #refugee_crisis

  • Des avions piratables par WiFi
    http://d4n3ws.polux-hosting.com/2015/04/19/des-avions-piratables-par-wifi

    Le GAO (Government Accountability Office) est l’organisme gouvernemental d’audit US, l’équivalent de la Cour des comptes chez nous.

    Il a rendu un rapport indiquant que les avions 787 Dreamliner (Boeing), A350 et A380 sont potentiellement vulnérables à un piratage via le réseau WiFi.

    Ces avions permettent en effet à leurs passagers de se connecter à Internet via un réseau WiFi déployé dans l’avion.
    Le système d’aviation / navigation des pilotes n’est protégé du réseau offert aux voyageurs que via un firewall ce qui n’est pas assez pour le GAO qui souhaite de vrais air-gaps entre les deux réseaux.

    Au delà du scénario possible du hacker kamikaze qui pirate le réseau des pilotes, le scénario du simple voyageur qui se retrouve le relais d’une attaque par la présence d’un malware sur sa machine est cité par le GAO.

    Porte blindée versus firewall.

    L’article de Wired : https://www.wired.com/2015/04/hackers-commandeer-new-planes-passenger-wi-fi

    #Airbus #Boeing #Firewall #Government_Accountability_Office #Sécurité_informatique #Vulnérabilité_(informatique) #Wi-Fi

  • Gemalto minimise le vol de données et ne déposera pas plainte
    http://www.nextinpact.com/news/93203-gemalto-minimise-vol-donnees-et-ne-deposera-pas-plainte.htm

    Comme prévu, Gemalto a fini par publier un nouveau communiqué de presse et donner une conférence ce matin. L’entreprise, ciblée par la NSA et le GCHQ en 2010 et 2011, reconnait avoir été la victime d’une attaque très sophistiquée, mais les données volées seraient selon elles bien peu nombreuses, contredisant de fait certaines informations de The Intercept.

    [...]

    Bien entendu, un procès obligerait Gemalto à dévoiler de nombreux détails sur la manière dont la sécurité a été gérée ou encore sur ce qui a précisément été dérobé. Avec cette posture purement communicante, l’entreprise évite cette étape potentiellement douloureuse.

    Sans déconner, c’est scandaleux. Scandaleux qu’on confie à une entreprise irresponsable comme Gemalto la sécurité des réseaux mobiles, réseaux stratégiques s’il en est, scandaleux que l’état et/ou l’Union Européenne n’interviennent pas ne serait-ce que pour conduire un audit indépendant, scandaleux l’absence totale de réaction officielle nationale et européenne.

    Sauf erreur, il n’y a même pas eu un seul mot de l’ARCEP ou l’ANSSI pour que l’on (pas forcément individuellement, mais au moins les médias, les entreprises sensibles, etc.) sache à quoi s’en tenir précisément. Je trouve ça inquiétant quand on sait qu’on délègue nombre de mesures de sécurité à la (supposée) sécurité des réseaux mobiles, par exemple massivement dans le système bancaire. Et sans même parler d’espionnage industriel, politique, etc.

    J’espère qu’en sous main ça s’agite un peu.

    #Agence_nationale_de_la_sécurité_des_systèmes_d'information #France #Gemalto #Government_Communications_Headquarters #National_Security_Agency #Sécurité_informatique #Union_européenne

  • Know your #e-rights: How I learned to stop worrying and love the #Cybercrime_Bureau
    http://english.al-akhbar.com/node/23109

    The ongoing encroachment on electronic and #digital_rights by the Lebanese authorities is one of the many challenges facing the public today. Digital rights are defined as the #Human_Rights that allow individuals to access, use, create, and share digital media through communication tools like #smart_phones or #computers. In order to form a defense against such abuses, Al-Akhbar English has compiled a beginner’s guide that highlights basic e-rights in #Lebanon.

    #Features #freedom_of_speech #government #SMEX #telecom #Series_and_Features

  • La NSA aurait piraté cinq opérateurs télécom allemands
    http://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2014/09/13/la-nsa-et-le-gchq-auraient-pirate-cinq-operateurs-telecom-allemands_4487181_

    Le Spiegel assure que la NSA et le GCHQ disposent d’un accès clandestin aux réseaux d’au moins cinq entreprises allemandes : Deutsche Telekom, Netcologne, Stellar, Cetel et IABG. Lesquelles opèrent une grande partie des infrastructures de télécommunication allemande.
    [...]
    Les informations collectées permettent d’alimenter un programme de la NSA baptisé « Treasure Map » (« carte au trésor »), que le New York Times avait déjà évoqué fin 2013. Il s’agit d’une « carte interactive quasiment en temps réel de l’Internet mondial », alimentée avec des millions d’informations différentes récoltées par divers biais.

    Selon le Spiegel, la NSA et le GCHQ parviennent non seulement à cartographier les grands noeuds du réseau, mais aussi une grande partie des appareils qui s’y connectent (ordinateurs, téléphones, tablettes). Ce « Google Earth de l’Internet » permettrait de localiser « n’importe quel appareil, à n’importe quel endroit et à n’importe quel moment ». Pas pour exercer directement de la surveillance, mais pour « mieux comprendre le réseau », dans le but de plannifier des attaques informatiques et d’améliorer l’efficacité de l’espionnage mis en place par les agences.

    #Allemagne #Espionnage #Government_Communications_Headquarters_ #Internet #National_Security_Agency #Royaume-Uni #États-Unis