organization:united nations

Meno sbarchi, ma a che prezzo?

Resta però una costante: chiusa una rotta, i flussi di profughi molto spesso ne trovano un’altra. In genere più pericolosa, purtroppo. Gli arrivi in Spagna stanno già aumentando. Speriamo non siano l’alba di nuove tragedie, oltre a quelle che si consumano in Africa ai danni di chi non riesce più a fuggire.

▻http://www.aggiornamentisociali.it/articoli/meno-sbarchi-ma-a-che-prezzo
#Espagne #Italie #parcours_migratoires #routes_migratoires

Vu sur twitter, sans plus de références :

http://i.imgur.com/QmxcLaD.jpg

’Migranti in calo, grande risultato dell’Italia’

Il vice presidente Ue, #Frans_Timmermans: ’Per una soluzione stabile serve solidarietà tra partner europei’

▻http://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/mondo/2017/09/02/migranti-in-calo-grande-risultato-dellitalia_69e60bef-3ec0-4fdf-b2a6-34e9aadf31
#indécent #hypocrisie #indécence

The mysterious drop in the number of migrants crossing the Mediterranean

On Tuesday, the International Organization for Migration (IOM), the United Nations’ migration agency, published data on recent arrivals in Europe. The figures took experts and analysts by surprise: Compared with the 273,000 migrants who landed from January through Aug. 27, 2016, about 121,000 arrived during the same period this year. Furthermore, there was no evidence of any migrant dying in the Mediterranean since Aug. 9.

▻https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/the-mysterious-drop-in-the-number-of-migrants-crossing-the-mediterranean/2017/08/31/1e50598e-8cfc-11e7-9c53-6a169beb0953_story.html?tid=ss_tw-amp

Migrant flows to islands on the rise again

From August 28 up until early on Monday, 1,092 people had arrived on the shores of the eastern Aegean islands of Lesvos, Chios, Samos, Kos and Leros, as well as other islands that lack the infrastructure to register and identify them.

To make matters worse, there have been no returns to Turkey – as part of the joint Ankara-Brussels agreement announced in March 2016 – for the last two months.

▻http://www.ekathimerini.com/221389/article/ekathimerini/news/migrant-flows-to-islands-on-the-rise-again
#Grèce

Oui, vous avez bien lu:

To make matters worse, there have been no returns to Turkey

–-> #waf ??

Italian minister defends methods that led to 87% drop in migrants from Libya

Interior minister Marco Minniti went to Libya in an attempt to reduce migrant flows, earning praise and condemnation in equal measure for his approach

▻https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/sep/07/italian-minister-migrants-libya-marco-minniti

Communiqué de la commission européenne... #hypocrisie totale... On parle de résultats positifs... de politiques qui donnent leurs fruits... et en réalité on contraint des personnes à vivre des situations inhumaines en Libye... où torture et viol sont monnaie courante...

Cadre de partenariat pour les migrations : la gestion conjointe des flux migratoires donne des résultats positifs

Le cinquième rapport d’avancement relatif au cadre de partenariat pour les migrations, présenté ce jour par la Commission et la haute représentante, montre que les mesures mises en place avec les partenaires en Afrique pour améliorer la gestion des migrations le long de la route de la Méditerranée centrale commencent à porter leurs fruits.

▻http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-17-3091_fr.htm

Latest asylum trends – July 2017

https://i.imgur.com/MnoiTrS.png

EU migration cooperation with third countries: More harm than good?

The latest Progress Report on the Partnership Framework with third countries under the European Agenda on Migration states that since the last progress report in June significant progress has been made and outlines the key actions taken since June.

According to the Commission report, key achievements include the reduction of the number of crossings on the Central Mediterranean as well as stepped up cooperation with Libya, including a new 46.3 € million project to strengthen border surveillance at the country’s sea and land border. Further, the report refers to cooperation with some Western African countries beyond the Compact countries, the Commission’s invitation to Member States to resettle people out of Libya, Niger, Sudan, Egypt and Ethiopia in 2018 in line with the 4 July Action Plan , and the stepping up of diplomatic contacts and multilateral discussion between EU, Member States and countries of transit and origin.

https://www.ecre.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Cartoon_Misplaced-Trust-1080x675.jpg

IOM : Refugees dying at quicker rate in Mediterranean

Rights groups concerned as likelihood of drowning increases on ’most dangerous’ route and as conditions worsen in Libya.

▻http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2017/09/iom-refugees-dying-quicker-rate-mediterranean-170917035605080.html
#mortalité

L’article cite ce #rapport :
Fatal Journeys Volume 3 PART 1 Improving Data on Missing Migrants

https://i.imgur.com/X7LJJlj.png

Migrant arrivals down 30% in 10 months - interior ministry

(ANSA) - Rome, October 31 - The number of migrants to land in Italy from January 1 up to today is 30.13% down with respect to the same period last year, the interior ministry said on Tuesday. It said a 78% drop was registered in October alone. It said arrivals from Libya were down 93% in 2017. The ministry said 111,397 migrants arrived in the first 10 months of 2017, compared to 159,427 in the same period in 2016. It said 5,984 arrived in October compared to 27,384 in the same month a year ago.
The figure for Libya was 1,917, compared to 27,384 in October 2016.

▻https://www.ansa.it/english/news/2017/10/31/migrant-arrivals-down-30-in-10-months-interior-ministry-2_06f2c7e4-b5e3-483d-9c

Le blocage des migrants en Libye entraîne une chute de 70% des arrivées en Italie

Selon un dernier bilan de l’Organisation internationale pour les migrations (OIM), près de 150 000 migrants sont arrivés en Europe par la Méditerranée entre janvier et octobre cette année, et au moins 2826 autres sont morts ou disparus en mer.

Si les arrivées en Espagne ont presque triplé selon l’OIM – plus de 14 000 cette année contre 5445 à la même période en 2016 –, celles enregistré en Italie ont baissé de 30% sur les 10 premiers mois de l’année : 111 000 contre près de 160 000 l’an dernier, selon les statistiques du ministère italien de l’Intérieur.

Jusqu’à fin juin, ces arrivées étaient en hausse de près de 20%, mais la tendance s’est radicalement inversée, avec une chute de 70% à partir de la mi-juillet, essentiellement du fait d’accords controversés avec les autorités, les tribus et – selon plusieurs sources libyennes que les autorités italiennes démentent – certaines milices libyennes.

A la mi-octobre, le Haut-Commissariat de l’ONU aux réfugiés (HCR) avait ainsi annoncé la découverte de plus de 14 500 migrants détenus par des trafiquants dans et autour de Sabratha, dans l’ouest du pays.

Enfermés dans des fermes, des maisons et des entrepôts, ils ont décrit « des souffrances et des abus d’une ampleur choquante », avait ajouté le HCR, estimant que 6000 autres migrants étaient encore probablement détenus dans cette zone.

▻https://www.letemps.ch/monde/2017/11/01/blocage-migrants-libye-entraine-une-chute-70-arrivees-italie

Vu sur twitter le 08.03.2018 :

Depuis le début de l’année, 337 migrants sont morts ou disparus au large de la Libye. C’est 1 sur 16 personnes arrivées en Italie. L’an dernière sur la même période, le rapport était de 1 mort ou disparu pour 33 personnes arrivées en Italie #AFP

▻https://twitter.com/fannycarrier/status/971070386510102530

#eau_potable #accès #rapport #chiffres #statistiques #monde

C’est tout à fait normale, car il existe des humains qui sont complètement formés (une minorité) et d’autres (la majorité) en stade évolutionniste (voir lamrani.over-blog.com Apatrides bipédes)

C’est signé Balanche, et c’est sérieux, mais je ne suis pas super d’accord avec lui. Les arguments qu’il avance tiennent la route mais des facteurs importants manquent à mon avis : l’importance des allers et retours réguliers, en particulier depuis le Liban, qui vont augmenter et brouiller les données pendant longtemps ; la dynamique de la reconstruction qui va s’amplifier et rapidement modifier la donne dans un sens des retours ; et surtout, le plus important à mon avis, ce qu’il conviendrait de connaître, c’est la répartition sociale des returnees. On peut en effet imaginer que le retour va concerner les familles, les plus pauvres et les moins éduquées, celles qui sont parties moins loin aussi (la traversée vers l’Europe et ailleurs coûte cher) et celles qui accepteront plus « facilement » les conditions les plus « modestes » qu’elles trouveront dans la nouvelle Syrie. Une nouvelle Syrie qui sera, démographiquement et socialement, très différente de celle d’avant la guerre et de ses élites petites-bourgeoises (je simplifie bien entendu). Pas l’aspect le plus spectaculaire de la destruction de ce pays, mais il risque de peser lourd par la suite.

Bien vu, il ne parle pas non plus des 100aines de milliers qui vivent dans des camps proches des frontières, en Jordanie ou en Turquie. Là où il vise juste je crois c’est que personne ne peut vraiment dire quand la situation va se stabiliser durablement militairement parlant. Et plus ce moment sera long à arriver, plus les chances de retour des réfugiés et de rétablissement de la société seront ténues (voir le rapport de la Banque Mondiale sorti avant-hier). Autre inconnue de taille : le rythme de la reconstruction et du rétablissement des services.

▻http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2017/07/18/the-visible-impacts-of-the-syrian-war-may-only-be-the-tip-of-the-iceberg?
►http://www.mei.edu/content/article/growing-warlordism-battle-scarred-aleppo

#statistiques #chiffres #retour_au_pays #asile #migrations #réfugiés #réfugiés_syriens #Syrie #Liban

▻https://seenthis.net/messages/614243

Refugees riot as tensions in Greek camps boil over

Refugees clashed with police and security at Moria camp on the Greek island of Lesvos on Monday night as frustration and anger spread turned into open clashes.

https://pbs.twimg.com/card_img/884767823205195778/a4CFdkd-?format=jpg&name=800x419#.jpg

Asylum seekers clash with police in Moria frustrated about living conditions and asylum delays

Migrants clashed with police in and around the hot spot Moria on the island of Lesvos on Tuesday after they staged a protest about the poor living conditions and delays in asylum procedures.

►http://www.keeptalkinggreece.com/2017/07/18/asylum-seekers-moria-lesvos-protest

Μόρια : « σκούπα » για πρόσφυγες που έχουν δύο « όχι » από την Υπηρεσία Ασύλου
▻http://www.efsyn.gr/arthro/moria-skoypa-gia-prosfyges-poy-ehoyn-dyo-ohi-apo-tin-ypiresia-asyloy

Commentaire reçu via la mailing-list de Migreurop :

Une #opération_policière d’une grande envergure s’est déroulé hier matin à Moria, le hot-spot de Lesbos. Au moins 200 policiers ont passé au peigne fin le camp avec des contrôles d’identité systématiques afin de repérer les demandeurs d’asile déboutés dont les appels à la Commission de Recours ont été rejetés. L’opération a duré six heures et s’est conclu par l’interpellation d’une cinquantaine de personnes qui ont été amenés au commissariat de Lesbos pour contrôle d’identité. Ceux qui ont vu leur deuxième appel rejeté, seront conduits à un centre spécial pour les personnes en instance d’expulsion- une sorte de prison qui fonctionne au sein du camp de Moria-, pour être ensuite expulsés vers la Turquie.

#police

#Violence becoming commonplace in Moria refugee camp

Once again, riots broke out at the Moria refugee camp on the Greek island of Lesbos this week. Local politicians and migration experts are striving for solutions.

▻http://www.dw.com/en/violence-becoming-commonplace-in-moria-refugee-camp/a-39793594?maca=en-EMail-sharing

Reçu via la mailing-list de Migreurop :

Déchaînements de violences policières contre les réfugiés à Moria (Lesbos, Grèce) (English below)

Plusieurs plaintes contre la police ont été déposées pour des mauvais traitements, des coups et des blessures sur des hommes déjà immobilisé voire menottés et pour des tortures pratiqués dans les commissariats. Au moins 11 parmi les 35 hommes arrêtés lors de la répression de la révolte à Moria la semaine dernière, ont déjà déposé ou sont sur le point de déposer de plaintes contre des policiers pour coups et blessures pouvant entraîner des lésions corporelles graves. Parmi eux, un Sénégalais âgé de 37 ans qui n’avait pas participé aux incidents avait reçu de coups de pied à la tête par un groupe de 4 policiers jusqu’à perdre connaissance et a dû être hospitalisé dans un état préoccupant.

14 organisations humanitaires et défense de droit de l’homme ont faire part de leur très vive inquiétude et ont lancé un appel à la justice grecque pour qu’une enquête soit immédiatement ouverte afin de déterminer les responsables de cette violation flagrante des droits les plus élémentaires de migrants et de toute notion d’Etat de Droit.

Au Parlement,19 députés de Syriza ont déposé une question adressée au Ministre de l’Immigration et à celui de l’Intérieur, en exigeant des explications sur cet « flagrant abus de pouvoir et sur les tortures pratiqués sur des hommes déjà arrêtés et menottés ». Ils veulent savoir qui a donné l’ordre pour ce type d’interventions policières et comment se fait-il que des hommes en civile ont été autorisés à participer à la répression brutale de la révolte.

Un autre élément extrêmement préoccupant est le fait que les charges qui pèsent sur les 35 hommes arrêtés sont absolument identiques pour tous sans qu’aucune distinction personnalisée soit faite entre les supposés responsables de la révolte.

Voir la vidéo qui montre des groupes de policiers et des civils qui s’acharnent contre des hommes immobilisés par terre où quiconque qui a le malheur de croiser le chemin de la police est violement brutalisé.

Ci-dessous le communiqué de presse des 14 organisations (in English)
▻http://www.solidaritynow.org/en/joint-press-release-violent-incidents-moria-lesvos

Greece: Authorities must investigate allegations of excessive use of force and ill-treatment of asylum-seekers in Lesvos

Amnesty International calls on the Greek authorities to urgently investigate allegations that police used excessive force against asylum-seekers in the Moria camp near Mytilene during a protest on 18 July 2017 and ill-treated some of those who were arrested and detained in the Mytilene police station following the clashes that ensued. Testimonies the organisation collected from victims and witnesses about excessive use of force in the Moria camp are also supported by audio-visual material that was made public in the media in the days after the protest.

▻https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/eur25/6845/2017/en

Report on Rights Violations and Resistance in Lesvos

In the months since our last update on rights violations and resistance in Lesvos, our advocacy and campaigning resources were almost exclusively focused on the two trials for the Moria 35 and Moria 10 that took place in Chios in late April and early May 2018.

The situation has predictably worsened in Lesvos. On the 17 April 2018, the Greek Council of State (the highest administrative court in Greece) ruled that geographic restrictions imposed by the Asylum Service for asylum seekers arriving to the Greek islands was illegal. However, within a week, new legislation was proposed, which further limits the rights of asylum seekers and continues the practice of containing asylum seekers to the Greek islands. Moria Camp is now at three times its capacity, holding approximately 7000 individuals. Between 500 and 1000 Kurdish asylum seekers are still living outside Moria in temporary shelter provided by Lesvos Solidarity – Pikpa, and Humans 4 Humanity, as they fear for their safety in Moria. Procedures are now so delayed that even individuals who are recognized as vulnerable, and whose cases should be prioritized under Article 51 of Greek Law 4375, are being scheduled for their interviews nearly a year after their arrival. This means that they are prohibited from leaving the island of Lesvos, and are denied freedom of movement during this entire time.

In one case we are following, an eleven year old child has a serious, undiagnosed digestive condition that causes her constant pain and seizures. Because they have been unable to diagnose her illness, the hospital in Mytilene has referred her for testing and treatment in Athens. Even the Mytilene police department has recommended that geographic restrictions be temporarily lifted so that she can travel to Athens for further tests and treatment, but the Regional Asylum Office has denied this request without an appointment in the Athens hospital. Her family is now in a constant state of fear that given her critical condition, their daughter will be unable to receive emergency medical care when needed, given the lack of testing and treatment for her on the island. Already once, when she had seizures and attempted to get treatment at the hospital in Lesvos, she was not admitted because they do not have means to treat her.

The Green Party published a report on 6 June 2018 exposing the inhumane conditions that systematically violate refugee rights in the Greek hotspots. On the 1 June 2018 the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture (CPT) also published preliminary observations of its visit to detention facilities in Greece from 10 to 19 April 2018, with damning findings.
Treatment of Moria35 defendants highlights lack of procedural safeguards for detained asylum seekers in Lesvos

In the last month and a half since the conclusion of the Moria 35 trial, we have been closely following the administrative process related to the detention and processing of the asylum claims of these individuals. It has become a near full time job of our Greek attorney based in Mytilene to ensure that Greek authorities comply by their own laws and respect the rights of these asylum seekers. Despite the fact that the UNHCR, the Ombudsman’s Office, and the Legal Centre have been closely monitoring their cases, there have been rampant violation of their rights at every step of their procedures. Unfortunately despite this close monitoring, two individuals were deported to Turkey on the morning of 13 June 2018. The violations we have observed in the individual cases of these 35 men highlight the lack of procedural safeguards to protect the rights of asylum seekers, particularly those who are being detained.

Below we outline some of the observed violations of Moria 35 defendants’ rights as asylum seekers:

Two individuals whose cases were rejected were denied the representation of a lawyer on appeal. The appeal of a rejected asylum claim is the one stage in the asylum procedure where asylum seekers have the right to a lawyer, under Article 44(3) of Law 4375. Although both requested the representation of a lawyer, the examination of their case on appeal occurred without them having been assigned an attorney.

Another individual signed for voluntary departure, but then changed his mind and decided to continue his claim for international protection. He requested that his case be reopened. While that request was being processed, he was placed by police on the list to be deported on the 1 June 2018. It was only after advocacy from the Legal Centre that he was removed from the deportation list. He remains in detention, despite the lack of legal grounds to hold him there.

Another individual was held for over a month in detention, after transfer to Lesvos following the trial in Chios. There was no recommendation for his continued detention either from the Regional Asylum Office, as required by Article 46(3) of Law 4375. After daily follow up from the Legal Centre, eventually the police admitted that they were holding him by mistake and he was released.

Two additional individuals had their asylum cases rejected, but were unable to appeal because they were detained. With advocacy from UNHCR and Legal Centre lawyers, one of the individuals was able to lodge his appeal. However, he remains in detention, and it is not clear if the Appeals Committee will review his case on the merits or deny the appeal as untimely filed.

The second individual was deported on the morning of 13 June 2018. This was despite the fact that for days he had been expressing to the police his desire to appeal the rejection of his asylum claim. Lawyers from HIAS and the Legal Centre also spoke with the Mytilene police department the day before he was deported and informed the police that they would be filing an appeal on his behalf. On the morning of 13 June 2018, he was deported to Turkey. This individual, a Guinean national, claims that he was a victim of torture, and will be subject to persecution if returned to his country. Regardless of whether his claim is credible, he has the right to appeal the rejection of his claim. Even though untimely, it is not the police who have the authority to accept or reject his appeal, but the Asylum Service. His right to appeal was clearly denied, and his deportation was illegal as police were aware that he would be appealing the denial of his claim and they proceeded with the deportation in any case.

A second Moria 35 defendant was also deported on the 13 June 2018. His case had been rejected in the second instance. In 2017 this Ghanean national had been rejected and scheduled for deportation, but he lodged a subsequent application. It was the denial of this subsequent application that led to his deportation. While the Regional Asylum Service again scheduled for him to file a subsequent application on 14 June 2018, on 11 June 2018, we were informed that they would not accept a second subsequent application, since he had already submitted a subsequent application in 2017. However, he still had the option of appealing the denial of his claim in administrative court. Less than two days after being informed that he could not file a subsequent application, he was deported to Turkey. This individual has recently received original documents from Ghana that were not previously submitted to the Asylum Office. These documents corroborate his claim that he will be imprisoned 10-15 years if returned to Ghana. Prison conditions in Ghana according to human rights reports are “generally harsh and sometimes life threatening due to physical abuse, food shortages, overcrowding, and inadequate sanitary conditions and medical care” meaning he should be eligible for subsidiary protection, if not refugee status. Both individuals that were deported on the 13 June 2018 are also eligible for humanitarian protection as important witnesses to a serious crime that is still being investigated in Greece (the brutal police attack against the 35 arrestees on 18 July 2017). The swift move of the police to deport these individuals show that while procedures to grant protection and ensure that refugee rights are respected are constantly delayed, the State is able to mobilize and act swiftly to deny these same rights.

The trampling of the rights of these individuals by the police has followed their brutally violent arrest, their unjust prosecution, and lengthy imprisonment in the case of the Moria 35. It is not clear if the police have targeted these individuals precisely because they were part of the Moria35 case, or if the violation of detained asylum seekers rights is systematic. What is clear is that there is a lack of sufficient transparency, oversight, and monitoring of detention and deportation practices.
Legal Centre Successes

Despite this hostile environment, we continue providing legal aid and individual consultation to all foreign nationals who seek our counsel. We conduct approximately 10 individual consultations daily, and through the assistance of our volunteer lawyers and interpreters, hundreds of individuals have been granted international protection in Greece, or have successfully had geographic restrictions lifted so they can legally travel to mainland Europe.

We also continue to have success in assisting individuals in reuniting with family members in second European States under the Dublin III Regulation. In one case, a single young man from Haiti who is seriously ill was approved to be reunited with his family in France. While in Haiti, he had attempted to apply for a visa to join his parents and younger siblings in France, but was denied because he was over 18. France finally admitted, through our advocacy, that he was dependent on the care of his family, and that he should be able to join them in France. The fact that this individual was forced to take a lengthy, expensive, and dangerous journey to Europe through Turkey and the use of smugglers, only to be later admitted as an asylum seeker in France, shows that European immigration policies are broken.

We will continue our work to assist and help navigate individuals through this broken system, and to monitor and expose the violations of these individuals’ rights when they occur.

▻http://www.legalcentrelesbos.org/2018/06/14/report-on-rights-violations-and-resistance

Grèce : accusés d’avoir manifesté dans la violence, plus de 100 demandeurs d’asile ont finalement été acquittés

Un tribunal de l’île de Lesbos en mer Égée a acquitté jeudi soir une centaine de demandeurs d’asile accusés d’avoir protesté contre leurs conditions de vie.

Ils étaient plus d’une centaine sur le banc des accusés : un groupe de demandeurs d’asile, en majorité Afghans, a été acquitté jeudi 9 mai par un tribunal de l’île de Lesbos, en Grèce. Ils avaient été accusés d’avoir occupé en avril 2018 une place publique du centre de #Mytilène, le chef-lieu de l’île, pour protester contre leurs conditions de vie dans le camp surpeuplé et insalubre de Moria. Ils avaient également été accusés d’avoir fait usage de la force physique et de résistance.

Des chefs d’accusation “dénués de tout fondement”, a commenté dans la presse locale l’une des avocates de la défense, Me Elli Kriona-Sarantou, en se félicitant du jugement du tribunal. "Nous n’avons rien fait. Nous avons été attaqués par des extrémistes. Nous sommes innocents", a, pour sa part, déclaré à l’AFP Hadisse Hosseini, l’une des personnes acquittées.

Cet Afghan faisait partie des quelque 200 migrants rassemblés sur la place Sappho le 22 avril 2018 pour dénoncer leurs conditions de vie après la mort d’un autre Afghan souffrant de manque de soins de santé. Leur rassemblement avait été pris à partie par environ 150 militants d’extrême droite, qui leur avaient jeté des pierres et des fusées éclairantes. Des affrontements avaient suivi, entraînant l’intervention de la police.

"Une situation qui nourrit l’impunité"

Me Elli Kriona-Sarantou s’est dit préoccupée du fait que les militants d’extrême droite n’aient pas encore été jugés, "une situation qui nourrit l’impunité sur l’île". Seuls 26 agresseurs ont été identifiés par la police et doivent comparaître à une date qui n’a pas encore été fixée.

Du même avis, Vassilis Kerasiotis, le directeur de la branche grecque de l’ONG HIAS, estime que cette décision de justice “n’appelle à aucune célébration”. L’organisme a défendu plus d’une trentaine des migrants accusés. “Le simple fait que 110 participants à une manifestation pacifique aient été jugés par un tribunal, après avoir subi une attaque raciste et un recours disproportionné à la violence par la police, est extrêmement préoccupant”, a-t-il commenté sur la page Facebook de HIAS.

La Grèce accueille actuellement plus de 70 000 réfugiés dont près de 15 000 sur les îles de la mer Égée. Avec près de 9 000 arrivées depuis le début de l’année 2019, le nombre des réfugiés a de nouveau augmenté, après avoir chuté en 2017 et 2018.

La situation est explosive en particulier sur les îles de Lesbos et de Samos où les camps sont surpeuplés. À Lesbos, le nombre des migrants et des demandeurs d’asile s’élève à environ 7 000 personnes alors qu’il n’y a que 4 200 places disponibles pour eux dans les camps et les logements de l’île.

Dans le camp de Samos la situation est pire : 3 175 personnes y vivent actuellement contre une capacité de 648 personnes, selon les chiffres publiés jeudi par le ministère de la Protection du citoyen.

https://scd.infomigrants.net/media/resize/my_image_big/11ec4d0819cbe18fa6af3a4681f9bb4740084651.jpeg

▻https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/16820/grece-accuses-d-avoir-manifeste-dans-la-violence-plus-de-100-demandeur

Ajouté à la métaliste : ►https://seenthis.net/messages/804316

Uno studio dimostra che con la fine di Mare nostrum muoiono più migranti

A un anno esatto dal naufragio del 18 aprile 2015, costato la vita a circa 800 migranti, uno studio approfondito ricostruisce i fatti e getta una luce sinistra sulle istituzioni europee – in particolare su Frontex, l’agenzia per il controllo delle frontiere esterne.

►https://www.internazionale.it/opinione/stefano-liberti/2016/04/18/mare-nostrum-migranti-europa

Héhé
►https://seenthis.net/messages/481065

ça me rassure, du coup... mais pourquoi il n’y a pas le petit triangle plein avant l’adresse URL, qui signale généralement si le lien a déjà été cité sur seenthis ?

D’ailleurs cet article a déjà été cité par moi-même comme commentaire au post, mais là non plus, pas de triangle plein
 :-(
►https://www.internazionale.it/opinione/stefano-liberti/2016/04/18/mare-nostrum-migranti-europa

ici il n’y a pas de petit triangle plein :
►https://seenthis.net/messages/481065

@seenthis : any idea ?

c’est un lien assez ancien qui n’est peut être pas en https.

Oui, le lien de 2016 était en http et celui-ci en https.

Je vais faire un ticket pour une feature relative à cela.

►https://github.com/seenthis/seenthis_squelettes/issues/130

EU-UK naval mission on people-smuggling led to more deaths, report says

The peers say an unintended consequence of Operation Sophia’s policy of destroying smugglers’ boats has been that they have adapted and sent refugees and migrants to sea in unseaworthy vessels, leading to more deaths.

►https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jul/11/eu-naval-tactics-operation-sophia-stop-people-smuggling-cause-more-deat
#Operation_Sophia #EUNAVFOR_MED

Ici le #rapport:
Operation Sophia saves lives but has not stopped people smuggling

The EU External Affairs Sub-Committee today publishes a report on the EU’s naval mission in the Mediterranean, Operation Sophia. This report concludes that it has failed in its mission to disrupt the business of people smuggling in the central Mediterranean.

▻https://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/lords-select/eu-external-affairs-subcommittee/news-parliament-2017/operation-sophia-follow-up-publication

Operation Sophia : a failed mission

▻https://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld201719/ldselect/ldeucom/5/502.htm

EU naval mission leads to more migrant drownings, says report

The EU naval operation Sophia in the Mediterranean, which aims to crack down on people smugglers, has resulted in an upsurge of deaths, according to a UK parliamentary report.

▻https://euobserver.com/migration/138494

EU-UK naval mission on people-smuggling led to more deaths, report says

House of Lords inquiry finds operation failed in objectives and has had little impact on the flow of irregular migrants

►https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jul/11/eu-naval-tactics-operation-sophia-stop-people-smuggling-cause-more-deat

Frontex: Overpacked boats increase death toll at sea

The comment follows a stinging inquiry report by the UK House of Lords, also released Wednesday, which says the EU naval mission Sophia, to seize migrant vessels, is contributing to a spike in deaths.

▻https://euobserver.com/migration/138505

Vieille ville d’Hébron/Al-Khalil (Palestine)
vendredi 7 juillet 2017
▻http://whc.unesco.org/fr/actualites/1685

L’utilisation d’une pierre calcaire locale a marqué la construction de la vieille ville d’Hébron /Al-Khalil au cours de la période mamelouke entre 1250 et 1517. Le centre d’intérêt de la ville était le site de la mosquée Al-Ibrahim/le tombeau des Patriarches dont les édifices se trouvent dans l’enceinte construite au Ier siècle de notre ère pour protéger les tombes du patriarche Abraham/Ibrahim et de sa famille. Ce lieu devint un site de pèlerinage pour les trois religions monothéistes : judaïsme, christianisme et islam. La ville était située au croisement de routes commerciales de caravanes cheminant entre le Sud de la Palestine, le Sinaï, l’Est de la Jordanie et le nord de la péninsule arabique. Bien que la période ottomane (1517-1917) présente une extension de la ville dans les zones environnantes et apport de nombreux ajouts architecturaux, en particulier la surélévation des maisons avec la construction d’étages supplémentaires, la morphologie globale de la ville mamelouke a persisté dans l’organisation hiérarchique des quartiers déterminés par des rassemblements autour de l’origine ethnique, la religion ou la profession, et des maisons dont les pièces sont organisées selon un système d’arborescence.

#Hébron #patrimoine #patrimonialisation #UNESCO

Compile #Israfrique :
►https://seenthis.net/messages/685758

#Palestine
#Rwanda #Erythrée #Soudan #Ouganda #Kenya #Éthiopie

Un accord a été trouvé avec le boucher du Congo Paul Kagamé, mais allié a Israel pour recueillir et vider les camps des noirs étrangers" ou migrants par la force des choses. Quand on connait Paul Kagamé il ne faut pas s’attendre a des miracles sur le devenir de ces réfugiés.

@najort

merci :)
#scientific_publishing

Un peu de réaction:

Major German Universities Cancel Elsevier Contracts
Diana Kwon, The Scientist, July 17, 2017
▻https://seenthis.net/messages/615916

#résistance #Elsevier #université #Allemagne #éditions_scientifiques #publications_scientifiques

#Robert_Maxwell #Reed-Elsevier #Elsevier #multinationales #business #Pergamon

With total global revenues of more than £19bn, it weighs in somewhere between the recording and the film industries in size, but it is far more profitable. In 2010, Elsevier’s scientific publishing arm reported profits of £724m on just over £2bn in revenue. It was a 36% margin – higher than Apple, Google, or Amazon posted that year.

#profit

In order to make money, a traditional publisher – say, a magazine – first has to cover a multitude of costs: it pays writers for the articles; it employs editors to commission, shape and check the articles; and it pays to distribute the finished product to subscribers and retailers. All of this is expensive, and successful magazines typically make profits of around 12-15%.

The way to make money from a scientific article looks very similar, except that scientific publishers manage to duck most of the actual costs. Scientists create work under their own direction – funded largely by governments – and give it to publishers for free; the publisher pays scientific editors who judge whether the work is worth publishing and check its grammar, but the bulk of the editorial burden – checking the scientific validity and evaluating the experiments, a process known as peer review – is done by working scientists on a volunteer basis. The publishers then sell the product back to government-funded institutional and university libraries, to be read by scientists – who, in a collective sense, created the product in the first place.

A 2005 Deutsche Bank report referred to it as a “bizarre” “triple-pay” system, in which “the state funds most research, pays the salaries of most of those checking the quality of research, and then buys most of the published product”.

Many scientists also believe that the publishing industry exerts too much influence over what scientists choose to study, which is ultimately bad for science itself. Journals prize new and spectacular results – after all, they are in the business of selling subscriptions – and scientists, knowing exactly what kind of work gets published, align their submissions accordingly. This produces a steady stream of papers, the importance of which is immediately apparent. But it also means that scientists do not have an accurate map of their field of inquiry. Researchers may end up inadvertently exploring dead ends that their fellow scientists have already run up against, solely because the information about previous failures has never been given space in the pages of the relevant scientific publications

It is hard to believe that what is essentially a for-profit oligopoly functioning within an otherwise heavily regulated, government-funded enterprise can avoid extinction in the long run. But publishing has been deeply enmeshed in the science profession for decades. Today, every scientist knows that their career depends on being published, and professional success is especially determined by getting work into the most prestigious journals. The long, slow, nearly directionless work pursued by some of the most influential scientists of the 20th century is no longer a viable career option. Under today’s system, the father of genetic sequencing, Fred Sanger, who published very little in the two decades between his 1958 and 1980 Nobel prizes, may well have found himself out of a job.

Improbable as it might sound, few people in the last century have done more to shape the way science is conducted today than Maxwell.

Scientific articles are about unique discoveries: one article cannot substitute for another. If a serious new journal appeared, scientists would simply request that their university library subscribe to that one as well. If Maxwell was creating three times as many journals as his competition, he would make three times more money.

“At the start of my career, nobody took much notice of where you published, and then everything changed in 1974 with Cell,” Randy Schekman, the Berkeley molecular biologist and Nobel prize winner, told me. #Cell (now owned by Elsevier) was a journal started by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) to showcase the newly ascendant field of molecular biology. It was edited by a young biologist named #Ben_Lewin, who approached his work with an intense, almost literary bent. Lewin prized long, rigorous papers that answered big questions – often representing years of research that would have yielded multiple papers in other venues – and, breaking with the idea that journals were passive instruments to communicate science, he rejected far more papers than he published.

Suddenly, where you published became immensely important. Other editors took a similarly activist approach in the hopes of replicating Cell’s success. Publishers also adopted a metric called “#impact_factor,” invented in the 1960s by #Eugene_Garfield, a librarian and linguist, as a rough calculation of how often papers in a given journal are cited in other papers. For publishers, it became a way to rank and advertise the scientific reach of their products. The new-look journals, with their emphasis on big results, shot to the top of these new rankings, and scientists who published in “high-impact” journals were rewarded with jobs and funding. Almost overnight, a new currency of prestige had been created in the scientific world. (Garfield later referred to his creation as “like nuclear energy … a mixed blessing”.)

And so science became a strange co-production between scientists and journal editors, with the former increasingly pursuing discoveries that would impress the latter. These days, given a choice of projects, a scientist will almost always reject both the prosaic work of confirming or disproving past studies, and the decades-long pursuit of a risky “moonshot”, in favour of a middle ground: a topic that is popular with editors and likely to yield regular publications. “Academics are incentivised to produce research that caters to these demands,” said the biologist and Nobel laureate Sydney Brenner in a 2014 interview, calling the system “corrupt.”

As Maxwell had predicted, competition didn’t drive down prices. Between 1975 and 1985, the average price of a journal doubled. The New York Times reported that in 1984 it cost $2,500 to subscribe to the journal Brain Research; in 1988, it cost more than $5,000. That same year, Harvard Library overran its research journal budget by half a million dollars.

Scientists occasionally questioned the fairness of this hugely profitable business to which they supplied their work for free, but it was university librarians who first realised the trap in the market Maxwell had created. The librarians used university funds to buy journals on behalf of scientists. Maxwell was well aware of this. “Scientists are not as price-conscious as other professionals, mainly because they are not spending their own money,” he told his publication Global Business in a 1988 interview. And since there was no way to swap one journal for another, cheaper one, the result was, Maxwell continued, “a perpetual financing machine”. Librarians were locked into a series of thousands of tiny monopolies. There were now more than a million scientific articles being published a year, and they had to buy all of them at whatever price the publishers wanted.

With the purchase of Pergamon’s 400-strong catalogue, Elsevier now controlled more than 1,000 scientific journals, making it by far the largest scientific publisher in the world.

At the time of the merger, Charkin, the former Macmillan CEO, recalls advising Pierre Vinken, the CEO of Elsevier, that Pergamon was a mature business, and that Elsevier had overpaid for it. But Vinken had no doubts, Charkin recalled: “He said, ‘You have no idea how profitable these journals are once you stop doing anything. When you’re building a journal, you spend time getting good editorial boards, you treat them well, you give them dinners. Then you market the thing and your salespeople go out there to sell subscriptions, which is slow and tough, and you try to make the journal as good as possible. That’s what happened at Pergamon. And then we buy it and we stop doing all that stuff and then the cash just pours out and you wouldn’t believe how wonderful it is.’ He was right and I was wrong.”

By 1994, three years after acquiring Pergamon, Elsevier had raised its prices by 50%. Universities complained that their budgets were stretched to breaking point – the US-based Publishers Weekly reported librarians referring to a “doomsday machine” in their industry – and, for the first time, they began cancelling subscriptions to less popular journals.

In 1998, Elsevier rolled out its plan for the internet age, which would come to be called “The Big Deal”. It offered electronic access to bundles of hundreds of journals at a time: a university would pay a set fee each year – according to a report based on freedom of information requests, Cornell University’s 2009 tab was just short of $2m – and any student or professor could download any journal they wanted through Elsevier’s website. Universities signed up en masse.

Those predicting Elsevier’s downfall had assumed scientists experimenting with sharing their work for free online could slowly outcompete Elsevier’s titles by replacing them one at a time. In response, Elsevier created a switch that fused Maxwell’s thousands of tiny monopolies into one so large that, like a basic resource – say water, or power – it was impossible for universities to do without. Pay, and the scientific lights stayed on, but refuse, and up to a quarter of the scientific literature would go dark at any one institution. It concentrated immense power in the hands of the largest publishers, and Elsevier’s profits began another steep rise that would lead them into the billions by the 2010s. In 2015, a Financial Times article anointed Elsevier “the business the internet could not kill”.

Publishers are now wound so tightly around the various organs of the scientific body that no single effort has been able to dislodge them. In a 2015 report, an information scientist from the University of Montreal, Vincent Larivière, showed that Elsevier owned 24% of the scientific journal market, while Maxwell’s old partners Springer, and his crosstown rivals Wiley-Blackwell, controlled about another 12% each. These three companies accounted for half the market. (An Elsevier representative familiar with the report told me that by their own estimate they publish only 16% of the scientific literature.)

Elsevier says its primary goal is to facilitate the work of scientists and other researchers. An Elsevier rep noted that the company received 1.5m article submissions last year, and published 420,000; 14 million scientists entrust Elsevier to publish their results, and 800,000 scientists donate their time to help them with editing and peer-review.

In a sense, it is not any one publisher’s fault that the scientific world seems to bend to the industry’s gravitational pull. When governments including those of China and Mexico offer financial bonuses for publishing in high-impact journals, they are not responding to a demand by any specific publisher, but following the rewards of an enormously complex system that has to accommodate the utopian ideals of science with the commercial goals of the publishers that dominate it. (“We scientists have not given a lot of thought to the water we’re swimming in,” Neal Young told me.)

Since the early 2000s, scientists have championed an alternative to subscription publishing called “open access”. This solves the difficulty of balancing scientific and commercial imperatives by simply removing the commercial element. In practice, this usually takes the form of online journals, to which scientists pay an upfront free to cover editing costs, which then ensure the work is available free to access for anyone in perpetuity. But despite the backing of some of the biggest funding agencies in the world, including the Gates Foundation and the Wellcome Trust, only about a quarter of scientific papers are made freely available at the time of their publication.

The idea that scientific research should be freely available for anyone to use is a sharp departure, even a threat, to the current system – which relies on publishers’ ability to restrict access to the scientific literature in order to maintain its immense profitability. In recent years, the most radical opposition to the status quo has coalesced around a controversial website called Sci-Hub – a sort of Napster for science that allows anyone to download scientific papers for free. Its creator, Alexandra Elbakyan, a Kazhakstani, is in hiding, facing charges of hacking and copyright infringement in the US. Elsevier recently obtained a $15m injunction (the maximum allowable amount) against her.

Elbakyan is an unabashed utopian. “Science should belong to scientists and not the publishers,” she told me in an email. In a letter to the court, she cited Article 27 of the UN’s Universal Declaration of Human Rights, asserting the right “to share in scientific advancement and its benefits”.

Whatever the fate of Sci-Hub, it seems that frustration with the current system is growing. But history shows that betting against science publishers is a risky move. After all, back in 1988, Maxwell predicted that in the future there would only be a handful of immensely powerful publishing companies left, and that they would ply their trade in an electronic age with no printing costs, leading to almost “pure profit”. That sounds a lot like the world we live in now.

https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/79b12daac27e2f3ce746e0786bfe366d68ba97c7/588_0_3464_4330/master/3464.jpg?w=300&q=20&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&dpr=2&s=803da8c92901b7d42d7671f9958ce072#.jpg

►https://www.theguardian.com/science/2017/jun/27/profitable-business-scientific-publishing-bad-for-science
#Butterworths #Springer #Paul_Rosbaud #histoire #Genève #Pergamon #Oxford_United #Derby_County_FC #monopole #open_access #Sci-Hub #Alexandra_Elbakyan

Publish and be praised (article de 2003)

It should be a public scandal that the results of publicly-funded scientific research are not available to members of the public who are interested in, or could benefit from, such access. Furthermore, many commercial publishers have exploited the effective monopoly they are given on the distribution rights to individual works and charge absurdly high rates for some of their titles, forcing libraries with limited budgets to cancel journal subscriptions and deny their researchers access to potentially critical information. The system is obsolete and broken and needs to change.

▻https://www.theguardian.com/education/2003/oct/09/research.highereducation

Sur Robert Maxwell...

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Robert_Maxwell_1989.jpg/520px-Robert_Maxwell_1989.jpg

L’UNESCO a voté en faveur d’une motion condamnant Israël pour sa politique dans la Vieille Ville de Jérusalem
La résolution est plus tendre que celle de l’an dernier, mais Israël rejette toute tentative de politiser la question des lieux saints dans sa capitale auprès des instances internationales
Raphael Ahren 4 juillet 2017, 19:36
▻http://fr.timesofisrael.com/lunesco-a-vote-en-faveur-dune-motion-condamnant-israel-pour-sa-pol

La résolution, parrainée par la Jordanie, sur « la Vieille Ville et ses Murs » est plus tendre que celle de l’an dernier, mais Israël rejette toute tentative de politiser la question des lieux saints dans sa capitale auprès des instances internationales.

La résolution de cette année qualifie toujours Israël de « puissance occupante » et réaffirme les résolutions précédentes des Nations unies, niant les liens entre Israël et Jérusalem Est, faisant ainsi écho à la résolution adoptée par le conseil exécutif de l’UNESCO en mai.

Elle « regrette l’incapacité des autorités occupantes israéliennes à faire cesser les fouilles archéologiques, le creusement de tunnels, les travaux, les projets et autres pratiques illégales à Jérusalem Est, notamment dans et autour de la Vieille Ville de Jérusalem, qui sont illégaux au regard du droit international ».

Cependant, la Décision 41 COM 7A.36 souligne « l’importance de la Vieille Ville de Jérusalem et de ses Murailles pour les trois religions monothéistes », des propos qui n’apparaissaient pas dans le texte de l’an dernier.

Elle ne réfère pas non plus exclusivement au mont du Temple par sa dénomination musulmane « la mosquée d’Al-Aqsa/Al-Haram Al-Sharif », comme le faisait la résolution de 2016, et définit simplement le lieu comme « le lieu de culte musulman ».

Un nuovo studio sottolinea come insicurezza, crisi economica, abusi e sfruttamenti in Libia spingano rifugiati e migranti in Europa

Uno studio dell’Agenzia ONU per i Rifugiati (UNHCR) sui flussi di rifugiati e migranti, rivela che circa la metà di coloro che viaggiano verso la Libia lo fanno credendo di trovarvi opportunità di lavoro, e finiscono per fuggire in Europa a causa di insicurezza, instabilità, condizioni economiche difficili, sfruttamenti e abusi diffusi.

▻https://www.unhcr.it/news/comunicati-stampa/un-studio-sottolinea-insicurezza-crisi-economica-abusi-sfruttamenti-libia-spin

Plusieurs articles abordent la question du vocabulaire. Faut-il les appeler migrants, réfugiés, sans-papiers, demandeurs d’asile, exilés...? Les avis sont partagés. Compilation :
►https://seenthis.net/messages/414225

#indésirables #migrants #réfugiés #émigrés #immigrés #demandeurs_d_asile #exilés #terminologie #vocabulaire #mots #asile #migrations #mots #sémiologie

Hausse des flux de réfugiés et de migrants traversant la Libye, selon un rapport du HCR

Selon une étude du HCR, la Libye est de loin le point de départ privilégié des réfugiés et des migrants espérant rejoindre l’Europe, et ce malgré l’insécurité.

▻http://www.unhcr.org/fr/news/stories/2017/7/595a8126a/hausse-flux-refugies-migrants-traversant-libye-rapport-hcr.html

À la recherche de vies à sauver en Méditerranée
Giulia Bertoluzzi, Inkyfada, le 5 juin 2017
▻https://seenthis.net/messages/613119

Italy is facing a surge of migration across the Mediterranean

With economic migrants piling up in Italy, the EU is doing little to help

▻https://www.economist.com/news/europe/21725327-economic-migrants-piling-up-italy-eu-doing-little-help-italy-fac
#dichotomie #dichotomisation

commentaire de l’article vu sur twitter :

http://i.imgur.com/4Nj1xgY.png

v. aussi:
Smuggling, Trafficking, and Extortion: New Conceptual and Policy Challenges on the Libyan Route to Europe
►https://seenthis.net/messages/805138

#Libye #détention #centres_de_détention

UN Migration Agency Increases Support for Migrants Rescued off Libyan Coast

Tripoli – IOM, the UN Migration Agency this week (27-28/08) met with Libyan authorities in Tunis to discuss an initial workplan and the establishment of a coordination body to facilitate rescues at sea. Libyan agencies taking part included the Libyan Coast Guard, the Libyan Red Crescent, the Passport Investigation Department and the General Department for Coast Security and the Border Points.

http://www.iom.int/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/press_release/media/ly20170829-1.jpg?itok=bH2Zl8uI#.jpg

I call for the immediate release from detention of my brother, and the three others who are on hunger strike inside the prison in Moria. We demand the Greek Asylum Service and the United Nations hear our voices, which have fallen on deaf ears for too long.

▻https://www.facebook.com/arashampay/posts/486993631646728

Their last resort : refugees in Greece go on hunger strike

A filthy prison instead of a safe haven: Iranian refugee Arash Hampay joined a hunger strike on Lesbos to protest the dire living conditions at the Moria asylum center. Thousands of refugees are detained there.

http://www.dw.com/image/39715588_303.jpg

Non, il faut l’inventer, mais c’est pire que celui que tu proposes. Là il faudrait un truc du genre #massive_attack ou #grands_psychopathes

Note que son prénom original Nimrata (ਨਿਮਰਤਾ), typiquement sikh, signifie humilité ou bienveillance…

@simplicissimus, il y a une langue qui te manque encore ? ;-)