Libia, Niger e Sudan, le nuove frontiere europee.
Effetti perversi del Processo di Khartoum e del #Migration_Compact. Cosa significa l’esternalizzazione dei controlli di frontiera: Libia, Niger e Sudan nuove “frontiere” europee.
▻http://www.a-dif.org/2016/12/04/libia-niger-e-sudan-le-nuove-frontiere-europee
#externalisation #asile #migrations #réfugiés
#processus_de_Khartoum #Libye #Niger #Soudan
Profughi: barriera in Niger, tra guerra e terrorismo
Il motivo della scelta sta nei “numeri”: l’Organizzazione Internazionale per le migrazioni (Oim) ha stimato che nel 2016 sono transitati dal Niger circa il novanta per cento dei migranti arrivati in Libia per cercare poi un imbarco verso l’Italia. E, sulla base di quanto emerge dai rapporti di varie organizzazioni umanitarie, da inchieste giornalistiche e da fonti di polizia, ce ne sarebbero a migliaia in attesa di mettersi in marcia da Agadez, la base di partenza principale delle “piste del contrabbando” che attraverso il deserto portano in Libia o in Algeria. L’idea, allora, sarebbe quella di “gestire” questi flussi in continua crescita facendo del Niger una sorta di hub di concentrazione, identificazione e smistamento dei migranti, con il supporto di campi attrezzati, magari sotto l’egida dell’Unhcr e dell’Oim, dove i profughi potrebbero eventualmente presentare domanda d’asilo e aspettare poi l’esito dell’esame, oppure soggiornare in attesa di riuscire a stabilizzarsi nello stesso Niger o in qualcuno degli Stati vicini, tanto più che, secondo i dati della Banca Mondiale, oltre il 75 per cento dei migranti subsahariani non puntano verso l’Europa ma preferiscono restare in Africa. Per molti versi, dunque, un grande hub che farebbe da “barriera selettiva”. E il Niger, rileva El Pais, diventerebbe così “il nuovo confine della ogni giorno meno salda Fortezza Europa”.
▻http://www.a-dif.org/2016/11/30/profughi-barriera-in-niger-tra-guerra-e-terrorismo
#hub #tri
EU to help Libya send migrants back home
EU states aim to help Libya deport would-be migrants back home, and to keep open “all available options” on its response to Russia’s actions in Syria.
EU claims of success in curbing Niger migrants greeted with scepticism
The EU has hailed a plunge in the number of migrants crossing Niger to reach Europe as a success for its anti-trafficking strategy, even as MEPs complained that the bloc’s figures did not add up.
The volume of migrants making the perilous journey across Niger’s desert fell from 70,000 in May to 1,500 in November, according to an EU statement released on Wednesday.
▻https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/dec/15/eu-claims-success-curbing-migration-niger-scepticism-meps-international
Rapport de l’Union européenne:
First Deliverables on the Partnership Framework with third countries under the European Agenda on Migration
▻https://eeas.europa.eu/sites/eeas/files/second-progress-report-1_en_act_part1_v11.pdf
▻https://eeas.europa.eu/headquarters/headquarters-homepage/12301/progress-report-partnership-framework-third-countries-under-european-age
Coopération renforcée de l’Union Européenne avec le Niger
L’appui annoncé vise à soutenir, avec un budget de 470 millions d’euros, les efforts de réformes et le renforcement des capacités de l’Etat dans plusieurs secteurs – éducation, nutrition, sécurité alimentaire et résilience, agriculture durable, infrastructures, amélioration des capacités de l’Etat, gouvernance démocratique et promotion de l’Etat de droit.
Le nombre de migrants arrivant en Libye via le Niger a diminué de près de 100% en six mois, selon l’UE
Le flux de migrants remontant d’Afrique subsaharienne vers la Libye via le Niger a été réduit de près de 100% entre mai et novembre, a indiqué mercredi la Commission européenne, qui a salué la collaboration de Niamey pour ralentir le trafic sur cet axe très emprunté.
▻http://www.jeuneafrique.com/383979/societe/nombre-de-migrants-arrivant-libye-via-niger-a-diminue-de-pres-de-100-s
EU mulls roll-out of Africa migration deals
The European Commission does not want new migration deals with other countries despite pressure from EU states ahead of an EU summit on Thursday (15 December).
EU gives millions to Niger to help stop flow of migrants
BRUSSELS (AP) — Buoyed by the success of its refugee deal with Turkey, the European Union announced Thursday that it has earmarked hundreds of millions in euros for Niger to try to prevent people from leaving Africa in search of better lives in Europe.
Flussi di migranti dal Niger azzerati: li aiutiamo davvero a casa loro?
Giovedì 15 dicembre il Consiglio d’Europa, la riunione di tutti i leader europei che si tiene a Bruxelles, ha lodato il presidente del Niger Mahamadou Issoufou per il lavoro che il Paese africano sta facendo nell’ottica di arrestare i flussi migratori che lo attraversano. Nel corso di un vertice quadrilaterale tenutosi prima della riunione nella sede della rappresentanza tedesca nella capitale belga, cui hanno partecipato Issoufou, il Presidente francese Francois Hollande, la cancelliera tedesca Angela Merkel e il neo-primo ministro italiano Paolo Gentiloni, è stato inoltre siglato un accordo di sostegno finanziario di questi tre Paesi europei (più Spagna) al Niger.
▻http://it.ibtimes.com/flussi-di-migranti-dal-niger-azzerati-li-aiutiamo-davvero-casa-loro-1479
Migranti: quel patto Ue-Niger che sa di xenofobia
Aiuti dalla Ue al Niger perché coopera nell’arginare i flussi migratori. Pericoloso, perché definisce come migrante irregolare chi attraversa il paese. E dà ragione alle forze che in Europa da tempo etichettano come clandestini i profughi provenienti dall’Africa.
▻http://www.lavoce.info/archives/44451/migranti-quel-patto-ue-niger-che-puzza-di-xenofobia
EU needs Turkish-style migration deal with Libya - Maltese PM
The European Union needs to reach a deal with Libya to curb the flow of migrants trying to sail on smugglers’ boats to Italy, Maltese Prime Minister Joseph Muscat said on Wednesday.
▻http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-europe-migrants-libya-idUKKBN1522DC?il=0
The E.U.’s Hollow Success Over Migrant Smuggling in Niger
The European Union says it is making progress countering migrant smugglers in the Sahara, but Peter Tinti, an expert on transnational organized crime, says it risks trading one crisis for another.
▻https://www.newsdeeply.com/refugees/community/2017/01/17/the-e-u-s-hollow-success-over-migrant-smuggling-in-niger
Niger’s migrant smuggling hub empties after EU crackdown
In a dirt-floored room in the town of Agadez in Niger, a pair of flip-flops and a cold pile of ashes are all that remain of what was once a teeming stopover for migrants preparing the fraught journey across the Saharan Desert and onwards to Europe.
▻http://www.reuters.com/article/us-niger-migration-agadez-idUSKBN15F13Q
EXCLUSIVE: EU migrant policy in Africa built on incorrect Niger data
In November, IOM raised eyebrows when it reported that just 1,525 migrants had been recorded moving north towards the borders – a massive drop compared to 12,600 the month before.
Days later, the figures had been included in a progress report on the Partnership Framework with Third Countries, an EU strategy for securing African countries’ cooperation in tackling irregular migration. A press release also cited them noting that “results in priority countries are taking shape, including first decreases in migratory flows”.
Except the 1,525 was wrong. A “technical problem” with a database had produced the incorrect figure, according to Monica Chiriac, a spokeswoman for IOM’s Niger office. In fact, IOM had recorded nearly 11,500 migrants heading for the Libyan and Algerian borders in November, a figure that only represented a small drop compared to October.
EU strategy stems migrant flow from Niger, but at what cost?
The EU-funded crackdown on migration through Niger has been effective at dramatically reducing the number of people heading northwards to the North African coast, and then Europe. But what has it left behind?
▻https://www.irinnews.org/special-report/2017/02/02/eu-strategy-stems-migrant-flow-niger-what-cost
v. les #renvois de #réfugiés_éthiopiens et #réfugiés_érythréens depuis l’#Angleterre (#UK) vers le Soudan:
EU urged to end cooperation with Sudan after refugees whipped and deported
MEP calls for inquiry as Ethiopian and Eritrean asylum seekers receive 40 lashes and $800 fines, while activists warn EU migration aid is emboldening Sudan
▻https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2017/feb/27/eu-urged-to-end-cooperation-with-sudan-after-refugees-whipped-and-depor
v. aussi:
UK risks legitimising Sudan’s rights abuses with migration talks, MPs warn
Dialogue with Sudan to tackle migrant numbers is putting UK and EU’s reputation for championing human rights at risk, says parliamentary committee
▻https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2017/feb/21/uk-risks-legitimising-sudan-rights-abuses-with-migration-talks-mps-warn
EU and Italian cooperation with Sudan on border control: what is at stake?
▻http://www.guengl.eu/uploads/news-documents/Report_GUE-NGL_Delegation_to_Sudan_19-22.12.2016.pdf
Delegation to Sudan uncovers human rights cost of EU deals on migration
A delegation of four GUE/NGL MEPs to Sudan has uncovered the dangers and human rights costs of cooperation between the EU and Sudan on migration control.
▻http://www.guengl.eu/news/article/category//delegation-to-sudan-uncovers-human-rights-cost-of-eu-deals-on-migration
La rotta dei disperati. Fra i migranti del Niger che sognano il biglietto per l’Italia
Il Paese africano è una tappa obbligata per chi vuole arrivare in Europa salpando dalle coste della Libia. Ma deve prima subire torture e minacce di trafficanti e criminali
▻http://www.repubblica.it/esteri/2017/05/17/news/la_rotta_dei_disperati_fra_i_migranti_del_niger_che_sognano_il_biglietto_
What Europe is worth? A critique of the European migration policy in Sudan and Libya
The European refugee and migration policy aims at preventing irregular entry into the EU but at the same time almost no legal ways of entry are provided. In this context, funding is provided for refugee camps in the region in order to ensure that refugees will not move on to Europe. For this purpose, since recent years agreements and so called “deals” have been concluded with countries of origin or transit. To assess this policy, two questions need to be answered: Do the policies of the EU and its Member States comply with their international obligations? And how does this go together with the manifested objective of fighting the root causes of migration?
►http://eptoday.com/what-europe-is-worth-a-critique-of-the-european-migration-policy-in-sudan-a
Rimpatri forzati in Sudan, arriva il ricorso contro l’Italia a Strasburgo
Cinque cittadini sudanesi provenienti dal Darfur - vittime del rimpatrio forzato con cui il 24 agosto 2016 l’Italia ha rispedito 48 “irregolari” nel Sudan di al-Bashir - hanno presentato ricorso alla Corte Europea dei Diritti dell’Uomo (CEDU). Adesso l’Italia rischia un’altra condanna come quella per i respingimenti in mare verso la Libia di Gheddafi. 4 cose da sapere sul caso e perché è tanto importante.
▻http://openmigration.org/analisi/rimpatri-forzati-in-sudan-arriva-il-ricorso-contro-litalia-a-strasburgo/?platform=hootsuite
#CEDH
Reçu via la mailing-list Migreurop :
L’#OIM, conjointement avec les services de la Protection Civile du Niger, a réalisé une mission à la frontière Niger Libye pour l’évaluation des routes migratoires dans la partie Nord du Département de Bilma du 19 au 25 Juillet 2017. Etat des lieux de la situation dans le nord Niger sur les routes qui permettrait à l’OIM d’organiser les convois de personnes vers le camp OIM d’Agadez et à termes les « #retours_volontaires » depuis le camp. Une mission d’ « évaluation des besoins »
Au-delà de l’état des lieux (utilisation de routes secondaires plus dangereuse, abandon des personnes dans le désert, réduction des passages dans certaines zones qui précarisent les transporteurs locaux, etc.), on y apprend deux trois choses :
– « Opérations de recherche et de sauvetage » organisées par l’OIM dans le cadre de la mission : à #Achégour et #Deo_Timni deux opérations ont été effectuées : kit d’hygiène, transport par camion IOM pour Agadez et organiser des retours volontaires. A noter ici que l’OIM souligne que la plupart des personnes repartent des camps OIM pour retenter le passage.
De plus, « La question de l’évacuation des dizaines de milliers de migrants bloqués dans les villes libyennes de #Sebha et #Al-Gatrun a été discutée avec les responsables Libyens du poste de Toummo. Le chef de poste a proposé d’organiser une rencontre avec ses supérieurs à Al-Gatrun, ce que le calendrier de la mission ne permettait malheureusement pas. Il a toutefois été possible de rassembler des informations parcellaires sur la situation des migrants au sud #Libye. Une prochaine mission doit être préparée dès maintenant pour explorer les options pour une #évacuation _humanitaire via le Niger des migrants
bloqués dans le sud libyen »
– Demande de la police Nigérienne de mettre en place une #base_de_données pour les personnes interpellées et les personnes décédées. Pour l’instant tout est fait à la main.
– Arrestation des transporteurs mais pas ou peu de suivi judiciaire car pas de moyens, vice de procédure et faute de preuve, les personnes sont relâchées.
En ce sens, « demande des services de police locaux ont émis le besoin d’une présence policière à Madama ou à Dao Timni , idéalement au sein de la base militaire. Un détachement d’une douzaine d’hommes pourrait y être installé et accompagner les patrouilles des militaires pour accélérer le déferrement et assurer le respect des procédures. »
– La Direction de la surveillance des frontières (DST) de la police nationale déploiera dans quelques mois un « #poste_frontière_mobile », c’est-à-dire un camion doté de l’équipement et du personnel nécessaire pour exercer des missions de contrôle des frontières et des flux migratoires dans la région.
Le rapport de la mission en français est ici : ▻http://www.iom.int/sites/default/files/press_release/file/Rapport-de-mission-19-25-Juillet_Final.pdf
#mourir_dans_le_désert #mourir_dans_le_Sahara #frontières_mobiles #contrôles_frontaliers #frontières