Meta-geography and the Navigation of Space - Journal #101 Summer 2019 - e-flux
▻https://www.e-flux.com/journal/101/271896/meta-geography-and-the-navigation-of-space
Boris Rodoman, Museum of Russian Geographical Society.
Fil
@fil
? — fil@rezo.net — ▻https://twitter.com/recifs — http://keybase.io/fil — ►http://rezo.net — ▻http://spip.net — ►http://visionscarto.net
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Methodology as ideology : the prisoner’s dilemma as misapplied to trench warfare, by Andrew Gelman
►http://www.stat.columbia.edu/~gelman/research/unpublished/axelrodps.pdfIn summary, some carefully documented history of the First World War revealed the surprising fact that soldiers on the Western Front routinely avoided fighting. This finding inspired quantitative modeling. The evolutionary repeated-play formulation of the prisoner’s dilemma is a model—a logical story expressed in mathematics—showing how cooperative behavior can arise and thrive in an initially hostile environment. The model is interesting in their own right, but before applying them to warfare or other conflict settings, one should check whether its basic premise applies. If cooperation (not fighting) has short-term benefits—as it often does—then the prisoner’s dilemma does not apply. Looking toward the future, how can we achieve more cooperation in real-life “tragedies of the commons” such as environmental devastation and international arms races? Axelrod’s logic suggests that we should look for ways to set these up as repeated-play games so that participants have long-term motivations to cooperate. A more skeptical approach (suggested by the analysis in this paper) might be to set up immediate gains from cooperation and to watch out for outside agents (such as the commanders in the trench warfare example) who have motive and opportunity to disrupt the cooperative behavior.
Le bouquin d’Axelrod (The Evolution of Cooperation, 1984) m’avait ouvert l’esprit à la #théorie_des_jeux, mais visiblement son approche historique avait… quelques lacunes. (Déjà mis en commentaire sur un autre seen, pardon pour le doublon.)
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The Tragedy of “The Tragedy of the Commons” - Scientific American Blog Network
▻https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/voices/the-tragedy-of-the-tragedy-of-the-commonsThe man who wrote one of environmentalism’s most-cited essays was a racist, eugenicist, nativist and Islamaphobe—plus his argument was wrong
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Global labor flow network reveals the hierarchical organization and dynamics of geo-industrial clusters | Nature Communications
▻https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-11380-w -
Fundamentals of Data Visualization
▻https://serialmentor.com/dataviz/directory-of-visualizations.html
cover.png#catalogue ordonné de #visualisations
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Spectral Ranking
We sketch the history of #spectral_ranking—a general umbrella name for techniques that apply the theory of linear maps (in particular, eigenvalues and eigenvectors) to matrices that do not represent geometric transformations, but rather some kind of #relationship between entities. Albeit recently made famous by the ample press coverage of #Google’s #PageRank algorithm, spectral ranking was devised more thana century ago, and has been studied in tournament ranking, psychology, social sciences, bibliometrics, economy and choice theory. …
▻https://arxiv.org/pdf/0912.0238.pdf
(en gros le brevet sur lequel Google a construit sa fortune ne valait pas tripette)
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Tumblr and the End of the Eyeballs-Are-Everything Era - WSJ
▻https://www.wsj.com/articles/tumblr-and-the-end-of-the-eyeballs-are-everything-era-11566014411Its impenetrability was a challenge to advertisers. On top of that, many of its users interspersed their posts on various fandoms, obsessions and memes with sexual content. “A lot of advertising clients, particularly in the U.S., get disproportionately nervous about being seen next to someone’s boobs,” says Dr. Tiidenberg.
Advertisers instead turned increasingly to the ostensibly safer realms of Google and Facebook. Together, the two giants now suck up 57% of all digital ad spend (...)
The same thing happened in media, of course—such as the “newspaper” you’re reading now—and the response was a massive shift away from display advertising and toward subscription revenue.
But actually charging people to access its services was never really an option for Tumblr, built as it was primarily on the hopes, dreams and countless blog posts of teens all over the world.
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Algorithmic Botany
▻http://algorithmicbotany.org/papers
http://algorithmicbotany.org/papers/img/division.dcell2014.png 
http://algorithmicbotany.org/papers/img/pmdl.bmc2018.png 
http://algorithmicbotany.org/papers/img/mcieslak.fps2016.png 
http://algorithmicbotany.org/papers/img/TreeSketch.SBM2012.png
#art #génératif -
Alternative narratives visualization archive
▻https://alternative-narratives-vis-archive.comThis is an open, ongoing, and collaborative archive of data visualizations in online projects that showcase alternative narratives.
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Announcing Dash Bio 🧬 - Plotly - Medium
▻https://medium.com/plotly/announcing-dash-bio-ed8835d5da0cA free, open-source Python library for bioinformatics and drug development applications.
wrapper incluant d’autres librairies comme par exemple Speck
►https://github.com/wwwtyro/speck -
MapCarte 139/365 : Comstock mines by USGS, 1881 | Commission on Map Design
▻https://mapdesign.icaci.org/2014/05/mapcarte-139365-comstock-mines-by-usgs-1881 -
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French Mortality Poster
▻https://kieranhealy.org/blog/archives/2018/12/27/french-mortality-postera poster of two centuries of data on mortality rates in France for males and females.
repris dans le FT avec les données pour le R-U :
▻https://www.ft.com/content/92007e1c-d42c-11e9-8367-807ebd53ab77 -
▻https://www.wired.com/story/california-ghost-metropolis-gallery
In 1958, a Czech-born sociology professor named Nat Mendelsohn purchased 82,000 acres of land in the Mojave Desert, about 100 miles north of Los Angeles, and founded the optimistically named California City. Intended to eventually rival LA in importance, California City was just one of the countless master-planned communities that sprouted up across the state in the post-World War II boom years. But unlike Irvine or Mission Viejo, California City never took off.
Although it’s officially California’s third-largest city based on its geographic size, today just under 15,000 people live there, many of them employed at the California City Correctional Center. All that remains of Mendelsohn’s Ozymandian vision is a sprawling grid of empty, mostly unpaved streets carved into the desert landscape—a ghost suburb that looks from above like the remains of an ancient civilization.
Quand un projet manqué de ville future finit par justement dessiner ce que sera vraiment le futur.
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@sinehebdo Avec la première image que tu as choisie c’est à se demander si le premier et seul bâtiment qui a été construit n’est pas la prison.
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C’est ce que semble dire « ton » article :
today just under 15,000 people live there, many of them employed at the California City Correctional Center
Mais « mon » article semble indiquer qu’il existe aussi un circuit automobile, probablement pour tester des voitures Honda :
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@sinehebdo Et en fait c’est très curieux parce que depuis que j’ai vu ces images cet après-midi je n’arrive pas à savoir si j’aimerais ou détesterais vivre dans un tel endroit. A vrai dire je suis très partagé.
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Comme maton, comme prisonnier ou comme pilote automobile ?
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Prisonnier et j’écrirai des livres avec la fameuse contrainte oulipienne dite du prisonnier
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Libraries and Archivists Are Scanning and Uploading Books That Are Secretly in the Public Domain - VICE
▻https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/a3534j/libraries-and-archivists-are-scanning-and-uploading-books-that-are-secretly-inA coalition of archivists, activists, and libraries are working overtime to make it easier to identify the many books that are secretly in the public domain, digitize them, and make them freely available online to everyone. The people behind the effort are now hoping to upload these books to the Internet Archive, one of the largest digital archives on the internet.
As it currently stands, all books published in the U.S. before 1924 are in the public domain, meaning they’re publicly owned and can be freely used and copied. Books published in 1964 and after are still in copyright, and by law will be for 95 years from their publication date.
But a copyright loophole means that up to 75 percent of books published between 1923 to 1964 are secretly in the public domain, meaning they are free to read and copy. The problem is determining which books these are, due to archaic copyright registration systems and convoluted and shifting copyright law.
As such, a coalition of libraries, volunteers, and archivists have been working overtime to identify which titles are in the public domain, digitize them, then upload them to the internet. At the heart of the effort has been the New York Public Library, which recently documented why the entire process is important, but a bit of a pain.
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ESSD - The spatial allocation of population: a review of large-scale gridded population data products and their fitness for use
▻https://www.earth-syst-sci-data.net/11/1385/2019#population #grille #carroyage #statistique #cartographie #MAUP
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In Pictures: The Miraculous Treasure of a Pompeii Sorceress | Frieze
▻https://frieze.com/article/pictures-miraculous-treasure-pompeii-sorceressMore than 100 objects were discovered by archaeologists investigating the ancient Roman site
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While Osanna has suggested that the objects belonged to a female sorceress, classicist Mary Beard has contested this suggestion. Writing in the TLS, she said: ‘I would be quite happy calling it someone’s precious box of charms – but there is, in our imaginations, a million miles between that and the “sorceress’s kit”. If you really want it to be the latter, you have to overlook the fact that a lot of the objects are plain ordinary beads AND you have to put a lot of weight on the “magical” properties of willies and scarabs and skulls.’
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A cartographic fade to black: mapping the destruction of urban Japan during World War II
In this paper we examine the history, production, and use – practical and rhetorical – of maps created by the United States government during World War II as related to the development and execution of aerial bombing policies against Japan. Drawing from a range of maps and primary documents culled from libraries and archives in the United States, we argue that maps provide an important, and hitherto neglected, means through which to trace the exploration and eventual embrace of the incendiary bombing of Japan’s cities. In particular, our aim is to show how maps, along with the men who made and used them, played a central role in the planning and prosecution of air raids on urban Japan. We also address the mobilization of American geographers into the war effort, the re-configuration of America’s spatial intelligence community during World War II, and the ways in which maps were constructed in the context of total war.
https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0305748812000266-gr1.jpg 
https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0305748812000266-gr2.jpg 
https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0305748812000266-gr4.jpg 
https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0305748812000266-gr5.jpg 
https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0305748812000266-gr9.jpg 
https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0305748812000266-gr10.jpg 
https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0305748812000266-gr15.jpg
▻https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305748812000266
#WWII #seconde_guerre_mondiale #deuxième_guerre_mondiale #Japon #destruction #cartographie #visualisation #Tokyo #guerre
ping @reka -
The World the Gulf Has Built | Public Books
▻https://www.publicbooks.org/the-world-the-gulf-has-builtOne of the most notable instances of the GCC’s innovative urban policy is the establishment of Abu Dhabi’s Masdar City. Masdar is a planned city, launched in 2006, with a slated cost of $22 billion. It was intended to be a “zero-carbon” district, where cars were prohibited in favor of an automated personal rapid transport network. It also included a graduate research center, the Masdar Institute, established in collaboration with #MIT and focused on renewable energy.
But Masdar City was short-lived. Soon after the financial crisis of 2008, the master plan was reformulated. Since then, it has been slowly transformed from an “eco-city” to a special economic zone for renewable energy and clean technology companies. (…)
In Spaceship in the Desert, Gökçe Günel zeroes in on Masdar City. Günel is determined to take Masdar and its inhabitants seriously: she wants to understand how cosmopolitan actors such as “Jack,” who has a PhD in engineering science and is an American faculty member at the Masdar Institute, “set about the task of building a renewable energy and clean technology sector.” People like Jack and institutions like MIT will be central to any resolution of our current state of climate emergency, and it’s necessary to study their process. Jack’s training in the GCC model of green development is especially consequential, because renewable energy and clean technology—the Masdar way—also relied on cheap labor and the speed, capital, and efficiency that authoritarian rule lent to the project. These political dynamics, Günel shows, were not only left unaddressed at Masdar; they were actively buried.
Avoiding pressing social and political injustices is not something that is specific to the founders of Masdar or the UAE, as Günel is also keen to stress. Western companies like Siemens and General Electric were equally adept at sidestepping difficult social and ethical issues. These companies created fantastical images of the future at Masdar where, as Günel writes, “renewable energy and clean technology companies embodied a messianic promise, seeking to liberate humanity from its guilt-ridden consciousness of the twentieth century.” The global climate crisis is serious, but Günel shows that our attempts to tackle it are less so.
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Ivory hunting gangs ‘destroy’ incredible 50,000 year old mammoth graveyard by stealing prehistoric artifacts to flog on the black market for £65K a pop
▻https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/9855118/ivory-hunting-gangs-destroy-mammoth-graveyard-stealing-artefactsl’#ivoire est plus facile à récupérer maintenant que le pergélisol (#permafrost) fond… #climat
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North Carolina’s Legislative Maps Are Thrown Out by State Court Panel - The New York Times
▻https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/03/us/north-carolina-gerrymander-unconstitutional.html#cartographie #élections #charcutage_électoral #gerrymandering
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CABINET / Dynamicland and the Whimsical Digital Object
▻http://cabinetmagazine.org/kiosk/kan-sperling_olivia_28_august_2019.php“Dynamicland” is composed of more modest materials. It’s neither VR, nor AR—just R. Like the early computers of the 1940s, Dynamicland is a computer the size of a room, but without the typical trappings of digital hi-tech. Post-its, magic markers, scissors, and staplers are the primary technologies programmers work with here, augmented by projections cast onto paper and tables. The room looks like a typical co-working space: bright couches, Ikea-hued tables, whiteboards. But the computer, here, is the room; its “smart” ceilings are embedded with cameras that process the visual data that constitute Dynamicland’s computer programs.
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What We Are Doing – Our Data Bodies
▻https://www.odbproject.org/about/what-we-are-doingBased in marginalized neighborhoods in Charlotte, North Carolina, Detroit, Michigan, and Los Angeles, California, we are:
Looking at digital data collection and our human rights;
Helping local communities, community organizations, and social support networks;
Growing a national conversation on safety, privacy, and data protection needs of marginalized communities; and,
Showing how different data systems impact re-entry, fair housing, public assistance, and community development.
