• How did the first Americans get here? A story of boats, bones and ice - The Washington Post
    https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2016/08/10/how-did-the-first-americans-get-here-a-story-of-boats-bones-and-ice

    At long last, the Ice Age is almost over. The vast glaciers that have formed an impenetrable barrier across the top of North America are finally beginning to recede. Between the two walls of ice, a corridor emerges, harsh and scrubby, but green enough to sustain life. In a chilly but habitable region of Alaska, the descendants of Asians who daringly crossed an ice bridge into the unknown get the opportunity they’ve been waiting for: Finally, a pathway south.

    They step into the corridor. They slowly edge their way south. When they emerge on the other side, many decades and 1,000 miles later, they are in what is now Montana – the first human inhabitants of what is truly a new world.

    Unless you closely follow the latest findings in American paleoarchaeology, this is probably the version of America’s origin story you’re accustomed to. But it’s almost certainly wrong.

    A growing body of evidence suggests that people had colonized the Americas several thousand years before the end of the last Ice Age — long before the corridor between the glaciers was even open.

    • L’article (résumé) de Nature

      Postglacial viability and colonization in North America’s ice-free corridor : Nature : Nature Research
      http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature19085.html

      During the Last Glacial Maximum, continental ice sheets isolated Beringia (northeast Siberia and northwest North America) from unglaciated North America. By around 15 to 14 thousand calibrated radiocarbon years before present (cal. kyr BP), glacial retreat opened an approximately 1,500-km-long corridor between the ice sheets. It remains unclear when plants and animals colonized this corridor and it became biologically viable for human migration. We obtained radiocarbon dates, pollen, macrofossils and metagenomic DNA from lake sediment cores in a bottleneck portion of the corridor. We find evidence of steppe vegetation, bison and mammoth by approximately 12.6 cal. kyr BP, followed by open forest, with evidence of moose and elk at about 11.5 cal. kyr BP, and boreal forest approximately 10 cal. kyr BP.

      Our findings reveal that the first Americans, whether Clovis or earlier groups in unglaciated North America before 12.6 cal. kyr BP, are unlikely to have travelled by this route into the Americas. However, later groups may have used this north–south passageway.