Given all these #variants, is #SARS-CoV-2 evolving more rapidly than other viruses?
Not necessarily, Rambaut says. Researchers are finding an incredible amount of diversity in SARS-CoV-2, but they’re also sequencing this virus at an unprecedented rate. A record 11 million SARS-CoV-2 genomes have been uploaded to the popular GISAID data platform since January 2020. By contrast, researchers have uploaded about 1.6 million sequences of the influenza virus to GISAID’s EpiFlu database since May 2008.
Still, Rambaut says, many questions remain about how SARS-CoV-2 is evolving, because sequencing is nearly absent in some parts of the world, and some countries with raging outbreaks are scaling back genomic surveillance.
Could Omicron’s subvariants, such as BA.4, eventually receive Greek names?
Yes, although it hasn’t happened yet. Some researchers argue that the Omicron subvariants currently fuelling surges, such as BA.4 and BA.2.12.1, deserve simpler names to aid communication with governments and the public at a time when regard for COVID-19 control measures, such as face masks, is waning. They also point out that unlike Delta’s subvariants — which were not discussed much in the media — BA.4 and BA.2.12.1 can overcome immunity provided by earlier infections with other Omicron subvariants. This was unexpected, says Houriiyah Tegally, a bioinformatician at the Centre for Epidemic Response and Innovation in Stellenbosch, South Africa. “ Everyone thought that only new variants would cause new waves, but now that we’re seeing that Omicron can do it, maybe we should adapt the system of naming ,” she suggests.
But the WHO is so far resisting this idea. WHO virologist Lorenzo Subissi says that the capacity for immune evasion isn’t wildly different between Omicron subvariants. He adds that the agency’s assessment could change if future studies prove that an Omicron subvariant causes more severe disease than other Omicron varieties. The technical lead of the WHO’s COVID-19 response, Maria Van Kerkhove, adds that the agency also doesn’t recommend swapping a technical label for a Greek name in the hope of spurring leaders to take the ongoing pandemic more seriously. “This is already a scary virus, it is still killing huge numbers of people unnecessarily,” she says, suggesting that world leaders should already be paying attention.
