/story

  • Meet Scotland’s Whisky-Sniffing Robot Dog | WIRED
    https://www.wired.com/story/meet-scotlands-whisky-sniffing-robot-dog

    Enfin une utilisation intelligente et utile de la robotique...

    Wooden barrels are what make the magic happen in your favorite bottle of whisky. They’re also the source of a long-standing problem in the spirits industry: They leak. A lot.

    At Bacardi Limited, the world’s largest privately held spirits company, barrel leakage is a massive headache. Consider the company’s Dewar’s blended Scotch whisky brand (just one of the dozens it owns). Most of the time, Dewar’s will have over 100 warehouses full of aging barrels of whisky, 25,000 casks in each one. Barrels will mature for three to 12 years, and according to Angus Holmes, Bacardi’s whisky category director, many of those barrels will develop a leak at some point in their life.

    #Robots #Whisky

  • An AI Toy Exposed 50,000 Logs of Its Chats With Kids to Anyone With a Gmail Account | WIRED
    https://www.wired.com/story/an-ai-toy-exposed-50000-logs-of-its-chats-with-kids-to-anyone-with-a-gmail-ac

    AI chat toy company Bondu left its web console almost entirely unprotected. Researchers who accessed it found nearly all the conversations children had with the company’s stuffed animals.

    C’est ce qu’on appelle la #conception-podoguidée ou en globish le bien connu #footdriven_engineering

  • Revealed : Leaked Chats Expose the Daily Life of a Scam Compound’s Enslaved Workforce

    Dans l’enfer d’une usine d’arnaque aux sentiments (pig butchering scam en VO), où les collaborateurs sont managés avec des méthodes qui ressemblent juste à celle d’un centre d’appel conseillé par MacKinsey (la séquestration en plus).

    https://www.wired.com/story/the-red-bull-leaks
    https://archive.ph/20260202090119/https://www.wired.com/story/the-red-bull-leaks

    Amani sent out a motivational message to his colleagues and subordinates. “Every day brings a new opportunity—a chance to connect, to inspire, and to make a difference,” he wrote in his 500-word post to an office-wide WhatsApp group. “Talk to that next customer like you’re bringing them something valuable—because you are.”

    [...]

    The workers Amani was addressing were eight hours into their 15-hour night shift in a high-rise building in the Golden Triangle special economic zone in Northern Laos. Like their marks, most of them were victims, too: forced laborers trapped in the compound, held in debt bondage with no passports. They struggled to meet scam revenue quotas to avoid fines that deepened their debt. Anyone who broke rules or attempted to escape faced far worse consequences: beatings, torture, even death.

    [...]

    In total, according to WIRED’s analysis of the group chat, more than 30 of the compound’s workers successfully defrauded at least one victim in the 11 weeks of records available, totaling to around $2.2 million in stolen funds. Yet the bosses in the chat frequently voiced their disappointment in the group’s performance, berated the staff for lack of effort, and imposed fine after fine.

  • How to Protest Safely in the Age of Surveillance

    Law enforcement has more tools than ever to track your movements and access your communications. Here’s how to protect your privacy if you plan to protest.

    Just days into 2026, fresh anger against the Trump administration has already taken hold.

    On Wednesday, January 7, a federal immigration officer shot and killed 37-year-old Renee Nicole Good as she attempted to drive away from the scene of an immigration enforcement action in a Minneapolis, Minnesota, neighborhood. Despite Department of Homeland Security secretary Kristi Noem’s claims that the officer “acted quickly and defensively, shot, to protect himself and the people around him” from being run over, video of the incident clearly appears to show that neither the officer nor his colleagues were in danger of being hit by Good’s vehicle.

    Protests condemning the shooting—and the Trump administration’s brutish immigration agenda more broadly—sparked almost immediately after news of Good’s killing surfaced. By Thursday, the unrest had only intensified and spread to towns and cities around the United States.

    If you’re going to join any protests, as is your right under the First Amendment, you need to think beyond your physical well-being to your digital security, too. The same surveillance apparatus that’s enabling the Trump administration’s raids of undocumented people and targeting of left-leaning activists will no doubt be out in full force on the streets.

    Two key elements of digital surveillance should be top of mind for protestors. One is the data that authorities could potentially obtain from your phone if you are detained, arrested, or they confiscate your device. The other is surveillance of all the identifying and revealing information that you produce when you attend a protest, which can include wireless interception of text messages and more, and tracking tools like license plate scanners and face recognition. You should be mindful of both.

    After all, even before Good’s killing, police had already demonstrated their willingness to arrest and attack entirely peaceful protesters as well as journalists observing demonstrations. In that light, you should assume that any digital evidence that you were at or near a protest could be used against you.

    “The Trump administration is weaponizing essentially every lever of government to shut down, suppress, and curtail criticism of the administration and of the US government generally, and there have never been more surveillance toys available to law enforcement and to US government agencies,” says Evan Greer, the deputy director of the activist organization Fight for the Future, who also wrote a helpful X (then-Twitter) thread laying out digital security advice during the Black Lives Matter protests in the summer of 2020. “That said, there are a number of very simple, concrete things that you can do that make it exponentially more difficult for someone to intercept your communications, for a bad actor to ascertain your real-time location, or for the government to gain access to your private information.”

    Your Phone

    The most important decision to make before leaving home for a protest is whether to bring your phone—or what phone to bring. A smartphone broadcasts all sorts of identifying information; law enforcement can force your mobile carrier to cough up data about what cell towers your phone connects to and when. Police in the US have also been documented using so-called stingray devices, or IMSI catchers, that impersonate cell towers and trick all the phones in a certain area into connecting to them. This can give cops the individual mobile subscriber identity number of everyone at a protest at a given time, undermining the anonymity of entire crowds en masse.

    “The device in your pocket is definitely going to give off information that could be used to identify you,” says Harlo Holmes, director of digital security at the Freedom of the Press Foundation, a nonprofit press advocacy group. (Disclosure: WIRED’s global editorial director, Katie Drummond, serves on Freedom of the Press Foundation’s board.)
    Most Popular

    ICE Agent Who Reportedly Shot Renee Good Was a Firearms Trainer, per Testimony
    National Security
    ICE Agent Who Reportedly Shot Renee Good Was a Firearms Trainer, per Testimony
    By Tim Marchman
    Grok Is Generating Sexual Content Far More Graphic Than What’s on X
    Security
    Grok Is Generating Sexual Content Far More Graphic Than What’s on X
    By Matt Burgess
    This Is the Blood Glucose Monitor We’ve Been Waiting For
    Gear
    This Is the Blood Glucose Monitor We’ve Been Waiting For
    By Adrienne So
    Why Are Grok and X Still Available in App Stores?
    Social Media
    Why Are Grok and X Still Available in App Stores?
    By Caroline Haskins

    For that reason, Holmes suggests that protesters who want anonymity leave their primary phone at home altogether. If you do need a phone for coordination or as a way to call friends or a lawyer in case of an emergency, keep it off as much as possible to reduce the chances that it connects to a rogue cell tower or Wi-Fi hot spot being used by law enforcement for surveillance. Sort out logistics with friends in advance so you only need to turn your phone on if something goes awry. Or to be even more certain that your phone won’t be tracked, keep it in a Faraday bag that blocks all of its radio communications. Open the bag only when necessary. Holmes herself uses and recommends the Mission Darkness Faraday bag.

    If you do need a mobile device, consider bringing only a secondary phone you don’t use often, or a burner. Your main smartphone likely has the majority of your digital accounts and data on it, all of which law enforcement could conceivably access if they confiscate your phone. But don’t assume that any backup phone you buy will grant you anonymity. If you give a prepaid carrier your identifying details, after all, your “burner” phone could be no more anonymous than your primary device. “Don’t expect because you got it from Duane Reade that you’re automatically a character from The Wire,” Holmes cautions.

    Since properly using a burner phone can be impractical at best, Holmes says you may be better off using a secondary phone that excludes things like social media, email, and messaging apps. These apps and accounts can contain highly private information that could be exposed to anyone who seizes it. “Choosing a secondary device that limits the amount of personal data that you have on you at all times is probably your best protection,” Holmes says.

    Regardless of what phone you’re using, consider that traditional calls and text messages are vulnerable to surveillance. That means you need to use end-to-end encryption. Ideally, you and those you communicate with should use disappearing messages set to self-delete after a few hours or days. The encrypted messaging and calling app Signal has perhaps the best and longest track record. Just make sure you and the people you’re communicating with are using the same app, since they’re not interoperable.

    Aside from protecting your phone’s communications from surveillance, be prepared in the event police seize your device and try to unlock it in search of incriminating evidence. The first order of business is to make sure your smartphone’s contents are encrypted. iOS devices have full disk encryption on by default if you enable an access lock. For Android phones, go to Settings, then Security to make sure the Encrypt Disk option is turned on. (These steps may differ depending on your specific device.)

    Regardless of your operating system, always protect devices with a long, strong passcode rather than a fingerprint or face unlock. As convenient as biometric unlocking methods are, it may be more difficult to resist an officer forcing your thumb onto your phone’s sensor, for instance, than to refuse to tell them a passcode. So if you use biometrics day-to-day for convenience, disable them before heading into a protest.
    Most Popular

    ICE Agent Who Reportedly Shot Renee Good Was a Firearms Trainer, per Testimony
    National Security
    ICE Agent Who Reportedly Shot Renee Good Was a Firearms Trainer, per Testimony
    By Tim Marchman
    Grok Is Generating Sexual Content Far More Graphic Than What’s on X
    Security
    Grok Is Generating Sexual Content Far More Graphic Than What’s on X
    By Matt Burgess
    This Is the Blood Glucose Monitor We’ve Been Waiting For
    Gear
    This Is the Blood Glucose Monitor We’ve Been Waiting For
    By Adrienne So
    Why Are Grok and X Still Available in App Stores?
    Social Media
    Why Are Grok and X Still Available in App Stores?
    By Caroline Haskins

    If you insist on using biometric unlocking methods to have faster access to your devices, keep in mind that some phones have an emergency function to disable these types of locks. Hold the wake button and one of the volume buttons simultaneously on an iPhone, for instance, and it will lock itself and require a passcode to unlock rather than FaceID or TouchID, even if they’re enabled. Most devices also let you take photos or record video without unlocking them first, a good way to keep your phone locked as much as possible.
    Your Face

    Face recognition has become one of the most powerful tools to identify your presence at a protest. Consider wearing a face mask and sunglasses to make it far more difficult for you to be identified by face recognition in surveillance footage or social media photos or videos of the protest. Fight for the Future’s Greer cautions, however, that the accuracy of the most effective face recognition tools available to law enforcement remains something of an unknown, and a simple surgical mask or KN95 may no longer be enough to defeat well-honed face-tracking tech.

    If you’re serious about not being identified, she says, a full-face mask may be far safer—or even a Halloween-style one. “I’ve seen people wear funny cosplay-style cartoon masks or mascot suits or silly costumes,” says Greer, offering as an example Donald Trump and Elon Musk masks that she’s seen protesters wear at Tesla Takedown protests against Musk and the so-called Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE). “That’s a great way to defy facial recognition and also make the protest more fun.”

    You should also consider the clothes you’re wearing before you head out. Colorful clothing or prominent logos makes you more recognizable to law enforcement and easier to track. If you have tattoos that make you identifiable, consider covering them.

    Greer cautions, though, that preventing determined surveillance-empowered agencies from learning the mere fact that you attended a protest at all is increasingly difficult. For those of you in the most sensitive positions—such as undocumented immigrants at risk of deportation—she suggests that you consider staying home rather than depend on any obfuscation technique to mask their presence at an event.

    Another factor to weigh is your mode of transportation. Driving a car to a protest—whether it’s yours or someone else’s—can expose you to surveillance from automatic license plate readers, or ALPRs, which can be used to pinpoint a vehicle’s movements. You should also be aware that, in addition to license plates, these ALPRs can detect other words and phrases, including those on bumper stickers, signs, and even T-shirts.

    More broadly, everyone who attends a protest needs to consider—perhaps more than ever before—what their tolerance for risk might be, from mere identification to the possibility of arrest or detention. “I think it’s important to say that protesting in the US now comes with higher risks than it used to—it comes with a real possibility of physical violence and mass arrest,” says Danacea Vo, the founder of Cyberlixir, a cybersecurity provider for nonprofits and vulnerable communities. “Even just compared to protests that happened last month, people were able to just show up barefaced and march. Now things have changed.”
    Your Online Footprint

    Though most privacy and security considerations for attending an in-person protest naturally relate to your body, any devices you bring with you, and your physical surroundings, there are a set of other factors to think about online. It’s important to understand how posts on social media and other platforms before, during, or after a protest could be collected and used by authorities to identify and track you or others. Simply saying on an online platform that you are attending or attended a protest puts the information out there. And if you take photos or videos during a protest, that content could be used to expand law enforcement’s view of who attended a protest and what they did while there, including any strangers who appear in your images or footage.

    Authorities can come to your online presence by looking for information about you in particular, but can also arrive there using bulk data analysis tools like Dataminr that offer law enforcement and other customers real-time monitoring connecting people to their online activity. Such tools can also surface past posts, and if you’ve ever made violent comments online or alluded to committing crimes—even as a joke—law enforcement could discover the activity and use it against you if you are questioned or arrested during a protest. This is a particular concern for people living in the US on visas or those whose immigration status is tenuous. The US State Department has said explicitly that it is monitoring immigrants’ and travelers’ social media activity.
    Most Popular

    ICE Agent Who Reportedly Shot Renee Good Was a Firearms Trainer, per Testimony
    National Security
    ICE Agent Who Reportedly Shot Renee Good Was a Firearms Trainer, per Testimony
    By Tim Marchman
    Grok Is Generating Sexual Content Far More Graphic Than What’s on X
    Security
    Grok Is Generating Sexual Content Far More Graphic Than What’s on X
    By Matt Burgess
    This Is the Blood Glucose Monitor We’ve Been Waiting For
    Gear
    This Is the Blood Glucose Monitor We’ve Been Waiting For
    By Adrienne So
    Why Are Grok and X Still Available in App Stores?
    Social Media
    Why Are Grok and X Still Available in App Stores?
    By Caroline Haskins

    In addition to written posts, keep in mind that files you upload to social media might contain metadata like time stamps and location information that could help authorities track protest crowds and movement. Make sure you have permission to photograph or videotape any fellow protesters who would be potentially identifiable in your content. Also think carefully before livestreaming. It’s important to document what’s going on but difficult to be sure that everyone who could show up in your stream is comfortable being included.

    Even if you take photos and videos that you don’t plan to post on social media or otherwise share, remember that this media could fall into law enforcement’s hands if they demand access to your device.

    With the Trump administration ramping up its attempts to target and punish left-leaning people and organizations, Cyberlixir’s Vo argues that people must assess the risks of every demonstration or other situation and judge for themselves the benefits of maintaining their personal privacy against the need to document the actions of government agents.

    “Social media monitoring and online profiling is the factor that lots of people forget. Those who publish footage on social media should avoid sharing photos or videos that reveal people’s faces,” she says. “But I also believe that documenting what’s going on is essential, especially in high-risk conditions, because when the state escalates we need proof for legal defense, for public record, for future organizing, and also to keep ourselves physically safe in real time.”

    As protests continue—with the real possibility of even further escalated response from the Trump administration—be prepared for the emergence of forms of digital surveillance that have never been used in the US before to counter civil disobedience or to retaliate against protesters after the fact. Protesters will need to stay vigilant, and Fight for the Future’s Greer emphasizes that everyone has different potential vulnerabilities and tolerance for risk. For people of every category of risk, however, a few thoughtful privacy protections can go a long way towards empowering them to hit the streets.

    “Part of the goal of governments extending and implementing mass surveillance programs is to scare people and make people think twice before they speak up,” Greer says. “I think that we should be very careful in this moment not to fall into that trap.”

    https://www.wired.com/story/how-to-protest-safely-surveillance-digital-privacy
    #résistance #surveillance #manifestations #conseils #téléphone #visage #empreintes_digitales
    via @freakonometrics

    • Genetics became the “800-pound gorilla,” as one scientist put it. “All the research dollars went toward genetics.”
      Over the summer of 1982, Langston found five more “frozen addicts” across the Bay Area. Through gumshoe detective work, he discovered they had all injected a batch of what they believed to be a designer drug called MPPP, cooked in a Morgan Hill basement. But the chemistry had gone awry. Instead of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-4-propionoxypiperidine, a potent opioid with morphine-like effects, the dime-bag chemist had accidentally made 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, or MPTP, a pharmacological slipup that would rewrite neurology textbooks.
      When Langston and colleagues secured a batch of MPTP and tested it on primates, they knew they had uncorked a revolution. “Any neurologist could see these monkeys and immediately know that’s Parkinson’s,” Langston says—which was especially compelling, since monkeys do not get Parkinson’s in the wild. In a first, Langston showed that MPTP killed the dopamine-producing neurons in monkeys’ substantia nigra. The discovery made him the most famous Parkinson’s researcher in the country and, Langston wrote at the time, promised to “turn the entire field of Parkinson’s disease upside down.” Parkinson’s, it appeared, could be caused by a chemical.

      AMY LINDBERG SETTLED quickly into life at Lejeune. She played tennis and ran on her lunch breaks, flitting through sprinklers in the turgid Carolina summers. But something dark was lurking beneath her feet.
      Sometime before 1953, a massive plume of trichlorethylene, or TCE, had entered the groundwater beneath Camp Lejeune. TCE is a highly effective solvent—one of those midcentury wonder chemicals—that vaporizes quickly and dissolves whatever grease it touches. The spill’s source is debated, but grunts on base used TCE to maintain machinery, and the dry cleaner sprayed it on dress blues. It was ubiquitous at Lejeune and all over America.
      And TCE appeared benign, too—you could rub it on your hands or huff its fumes and feel no immediate effects. It plays a longer game. For approximately 35 years, Marines and sailors who lived at Lejeune unknowingly breathed in vaporized TCE whenever they turned on their tap. The Navy, which oversees the Marine Corps, first denied the toxic plume’s existence, then refused to admit it could affect Marines’ health. But as Lejeune’s vets aged, cancers and unexplained illness began stalking them at staggering rates. Marines stationed on base had a 35 percent higher risk of developing kidney cancer, a 47 percent higher risk of Hodgkin’s lymphoma, a 68 percent higher risk of multiple myeloma. At the local cemetery, the section reserved for infants had to be expanded.
      Meanwhile, Langston had spent the remainder of the 1980s setting up the California Parkinson’s Foundation (later renamed the Parkinson’s Institute), a lab and treatment facility equipped with everything needed to finally reveal the cause of the disease. “We thought we were going to solve it,” Langston told me. Researchers affiliated with the institute created the first animal model for Parkinson’s, identified a pesticide called Paraquat as a near chemical match to MPTP, and proved that farm workers who sprayed Paraquat developed Parkinson’s at exceedingly high rates. Then they showed that identical twins developed Parkinson’s at the same rate as fraternal twins—something that wouldn’t make sense if the disease were purely genetic, since identical twins share DNA and fraternal twins do not. They even noted TCE as a potential cause of the disease, Langston says. Each revelation, the team thought, represented another nail in the coffin of the genetic theory of Parkinson’s.

      When Goldman compared both populations, the results were shocking: Marines exposed to TCE at Lejeune were 70 percent more likely to have Parkinson’s than those stationed at Pendleton.
      But there was a problem. The Human Genome Project had launched in 1990, promising to usher in a new era of personalized medicine. The project’s goal, to identify all of the genes in man, was radical, and by the time it was completed in 2000, frothy comparisons to the moon landing were frequent. Unraveling our genome would “revolutionize the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of most, if not all, human diseases,” then president Bill Clinton said.
      But for Langston and his colleagues, the Human Genome Project sucked the air out of the environmental health space. Genetics became the “800-pound gorilla,” as one scientist put it. “All the research dollars went toward genetics,” says Sam Goldman, who worked with Langston on the twin study. “It’s just a lot sexier than epidemiology. It’s the latest gadget, the bigger rocket.” A generation of young scientists were being trained to think of genetics and genomics as the default place to look for answers. “I characterize science as a bunch of 5-year-olds playing soccer,” says another researcher. “They all go where the ball is, running around the field in a herd.” And the ball was decidedly not environmental health. “Donors want a cure,” Langston says. “And they want it now.”

      In 1997, researchers found a family in Italy that had passed along Parkinson’s disease for generations. Although the gene in question would later be shown to cause just a fraction of Parkinson’s cases, the damage was done. The Parkinson’s Institute faced stronger economic headwinds and difficulties with administration, and Langston eventually chose to shut it down. The environmental theory of Parkinson’s went back on the shelf.
      NO ONE KNOWS exactly how much of the world’s drinking water is laced with TCE. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reckons that the water supply of between 4 and 18 percent of Americans is contaminated, although not always at dangerous concentrations; the Environmental Working Group figures 17 million Americans drink the stuff. In Silicon Valley, where TCE was integral to the manufacturing of early transistors, a necklace of underground plumes have been identified along Highway 101 from Palo Alto to San Jose. Santa Clara County has more toxic Superfund sites, at 23, than any other county in the country. (Several tech giants have offices near or on top of these sites; in 2013, workers at a Google office were subjected to unhealthy levels of TCE for months after a ventilation system failed.)
      And while TCE’s connection to cancer is well studied, what it does to our brain is more mysterious. That’s because good data on exposure is devilishly hard to come by. The US, with its fractious health care system, has few national databases, and chemical exposures are rarely tracked.
      Sam Goldman at home
      Sam Goldman at his home in San Francisco. His research compared Camp Pendleton in California with Lejeune.
      PHOTOGRAPH: SKYE BATTLES

      In 2017, Sam Goldman realized that Camp Lejeune offered the perfect opportunity to change this. Goldman—an epidemiologist and a doctor—has made a career out of teasing apart data: finding unusual case reports, looking for patterns, interviewing patients in the clinic about what chemicals they handled at old jobs and what exposures they faced in their childhood. In the case of Lejeune, Goldman could examine VA medical records to find Parkinson’s diagnoses and compare them to service records. But Goldman’s genius wasn’t finding this Lejeune cohort—it was realizing he had a control group, too.
      Camp Pendleton, in Southern California, is the Marine Corps’ West Coast equivalent to Lejeune. Thousands of young, healthy Marines shuffle through its barbed-wired gates each year. But Pendleton has one thing Lejeune does not: uncontaminated drinking water.
      When Goldman compared both populations, the results were shocking: Marines exposed to TCE at Lejeune were 70 percent more likely to have Parkinson’s than those stationed at Pendleton. And in a follow-up study last year, he showed that disease progression in Lejeune vets with the highest exposure to TCE was faster than those with low or no exposure, too. In the world of Parkinson’s research, Goldman’s study was a blockbuster.
      But to really prove a link, you need more than just correlation. So, on the third floor of a drab university building in Birmingham, Alabama, Briana De Miranda has re-created Camp Lejeune in her lab, but for mice.

      Building Citivan International Research Center
      University of Alabama at Birmingham, a research center.
      PHOTOGRAPH: LYNSEY WEATHERSPOON
      De Miranda is a toxicologist, not a neurologist, which is an unusual CV for a cutting-edge Parkinson’s researcher. When I visit her in October 2024, she shows me the plexiglass chamber where a few dozen mice doze in a pile. They’ve been spending their days in this chamber for months, inhaling a small amount of TCE almost every day. This experiment is the first to re-create the exposure someone like Lindberg experienced over years at Camp Lejeune.
      De Miranda walks into a dark annex of her lab and asks a tech to pull up some imagery. “These are dopamine neurons in the brain,” De Miranda says, pointing to a scan of the control mice. In unexposed mice the substantia nigra looks like a nighttime satellite image of Manhattan—thousands of neurons sending dopamine across the mice’s brains to orchestrate fluid scurrying and sniffing and munching. Then the tech pulls up the brain scans of mice who have been exposed to TCE. Suddenly we’re in West Virginia. It’s not pitch black, but most of the lights are off and the ones that remain have been dimmed. The dopamine neurons have died, De Miranda explains. And she’s seeing the physical effects in the mice too. “We see minor motion defects; we see it in their gait, and we are seeing cognitive effects,” De Miranda says.

      De Miranda’s studies, the first ever on inhaled TCE toxicity and Parkinson’s, are compelling, her colleagues agree, and well designed. And although there is more work to be done, the results wrap a bow on Goldman’s epidemiological work and the Parkinson’s Institute’s years of research. TCE is a neurotoxin, and generations of Americans have been exposed. In December 2024, the Environmental Protection Agency finally moved to ban TCE in the United States.

      There is a sense of empowerment in knowing that our health is not predetermined.
      “I think TCE is the most important cause of Parkinson’s in the US,” says Ray Dorsey, the Parkinson’s expert at the University of Rochester. In 2021, Dorsey, who frequently collaborates with De Miranda, Goldman, and a core group of like-minded scientists, published Ending Parkinson’s Disease. The book’s central thesis: Parkinson’s is a growing pandemic, and up to 90 percent of cases are caused by chemicals in our environment. Cut exposures like TCE and pesticides, and we can “end Parkinson’s” as we know it. “The full effect of the Parkinson’s pandemic,” Dorsey writes, “is not inevitable but, to a large extent, preventable.”
      SINCE THE 1990S, the number of Americans with chronic disease has ballooned to more than 75 percent of adults, per the CDC. Autism, insulin resistance, and autoimmune diagnoses have reached epidemic proportions. The incidence of cancer in people under the age of 50 has hit an all-time high. If Parkinson’s disease is—as Ray Dorsey believes—a pandemic that’s being caused by our environment, it’s probably not the only one.
      After a century of putting genetics on a pedestal, the geneticists have some surprising news for us: The vast majority of chronic disease isn’t caused by our genes. “The Human Genome Project was a $3 billion investment, and what did we find out?” says Thomas Hartung, a toxicologist at Johns Hopkins. “Five percent of all disease is purely genetic. Less than 40 percent of diseases even have a genetic component.”

      Most of the conditions we worry about, instead, stem from a complex interaction between our genes and our environment. Genetics loads the gun, as former National Institutes of Health head Francis Collins put it, but the environment pulls the trigger. Rather than revealing the genetic origins of disease, genomics has done the opposite. Only 10 percent of breast cancer cases are purely genetic. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? Rheumatoid arthritis? Coronary heart disease? All hover around 20 percent. The primary driver of disease is considerably more terrestrial: It’s the environment, stupid.
      Yet only 1 percent of the roughly 350,000 chemicals in use in the United States have ever been tested for safety. In its 55-year history, the EPA has banned or restricted about a dozen (by contrast, the EU has banned more than 2,000). Paraquat, the pesticide that appears to cause Parkinson’s in farmworkers, has been banned in Europe and China but remains available in the US. And in January, a month after the EPA’s ban on TCE was finalized, the Trump administration moved to undo it, even as new evidence emerged of Parkinson’s clusters in the rust belt, where exposure to trichloroethylene is high.
      It’s easy to mock the MAHAs and the TikTok trad moms making their own food coloring, but the chemical regulatory system in America does not inspire confidence. No one really knows what the chemicals we’re interacting with every day are doing to our bodies.

      Water from the New River laps at a rocky shore
      The New River laps at a rocky shore in North Carolina. According to Coastal Carolina Riverwatch, the New River has been plagued with some form of solid waste pollution and agricultural runoff for nearly four decades.
      PHOTOGRAPH: RACHEL JESSEN
      THAT’S WHY, EARLIER this year, slices of brain from Briana De Miranda’s TCE-addled mice ended up with Gary Miller, a professor at Columbia University. Miller is the country’s leading proponent of a brand-new field called exposomics. Your “exposome” is the sum of your own personal environmental exposures, from the womb to the casket. Many exposures, like TCE, disappear from the bloodstream quickly; people who came into contact with a chemical in the past will never be able to prove it. The exposome is a way to potentially answer the question, “Just what the hell have I been exposed to?”
      Miller began his career in the ’90s as a Parkinson’s researcher studying environmental exposures. But he grew tired of the “whack-a-mole approach” of modern toxicology: identifying one of the 350,000 chemicals on the market as a potential toxicant, looking for the exposure in the environment, looking for correlations, looking for toxicity in mice’s brains, rinse, repeat.

      He wanted a shotgun approach, an answer to the way genome sequencing identifies all the genes in the body. What Miller wants is a Human Exposome Project. “We realized that this wasn’t just about Parkinson’s,” he says. “There were so many disease states we could look at.” Quantify our exposomes, Miller hopes, and we can know what ails us.
      “We have the tools to put the big puzzle together,” says Rima Habre, an environmental health and exposomics expert at the University of Southern California. Through blood draws and metabolomic studies, the exposomics advocates want to measure the vast mixture of chemicals and pollutants in the body and figure out how they impact health. Take air pollution, Habre’s specialty. An ever-changing mélange of small molecules, from tailpipe emissions to tire bits to dust, it has been linked to obesity, endocrine disruption, heart attacks, and more. But if we can figure out what specifically in this toxic cloud is doing the damage, Habre says, we can work to quickly reduce it in our environment, the way we removed lead from gasoline.
      Or autism. Autism diagnoses have exploded from 1 in 10,000 in the ’70s to 1 in 36 today, a rate that genetics and screening can’t explain, says Johns Hopkins’ Thomas Hartung. Hartung, another Human Exposome Project proponent, is growing clusters of neurons in the lab and subjecting them to flame-retardant chemicals—which are applied to couches and car seats across America—to see what happens. Already, the associations trouble him. The goal of all this, Hartung says, is a world where toxicologists like Briana De Miranda don’t have to spend money creating a mouse gas chamber, expose mice for three months, then wait several more months for results.
      Miller’s goal with mice brains is to figure out what exactly about TCE is killing dopamine-producing neurons and leading to Parkinson’s—to unravel and define the interaction between our environment and our genetics in a way never before possible.

      The parallels to the Human Genome Project—in both promise and froth—are clear. But there is a sense of empowerment in knowing that our health is not predetermined. Nearly every scientist interviewed for this story does a few simple things. They filter their water, they run an air purifier, they don’t microwave plastic. They don’t freak out about their daily exposures, but they do things like opt for fragrance-free products, avoid eating out of plastic when they can, and buy organic produce. Our exposures, while not always in our control, can be limited.
      About two hours south of Lejeune in Wilmington, North Carolina, Amy Lindberg is having lunch with her husband, Brad, on a pier overlooking the Atlantic. Although Goldman, De Miranda, and Dorsey have unveiled the likely origins of her Parkinson’s, the random nature of it gnaws at her. “When I was diagnosed, it was just like, where’s everyone else?” Lindberg says. “I felt like, if I have it, what about my coworkers?” She nods to Brad, who also spent years drinking Lejeune’s water. “He suffered no ill consequences,” she says. She worries about her kids, one of whom was born on base.

      je colle ça là par fainéantise (disposer du bouton de traduction automate juste au dessous de ces lignes, après la citation)
      Over my head - PèreUbu
      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-4vyCsdnCoQ

      #neurologie #neurotoxiques #pesticides #pollution #environnement #air #eau #alimentation #épidémiologie #dopamine #récepteurs_dopaminergique #neurodégénérescence #maladie_chronique

  • Une #bulle d’#intelligence_artificielle et de #stupidité naturelle
    (pour archivage, publié en 2024)

    La technologie derrière #ChatGPT, #Dall-E et autres n’est pas révolutionnaire, elle est spectaculaire. C’est très différent. Et, comme souvent, le spectaculaire attire une attention démesurée du grand public par rapport aux capacités réelles de la technologie. C’est ce qu’on appelle «  une bulle  ».

    Et une bulle, ça finit toujours par imploser.

    Mais en vrai, c’est quoi l’intelligence artificielle  ?

    Rappelons qu’un logiciel est un ensemble d’instructions données à un ordinateur par un programmeur pour donner un résultat (un «  output  ») basé sur des paramètres modifiables («  l’input  »). Un programme «  classique  » est donc un programme qui donnera toujours un résultat prévisible. Je vous expliquais d’ailleurs cela en détail dans un article précédent.

    L’histoire d’un bit (https://ploum.net/lhistoire-dun-bit/index.html)

    Ce que nous appelons «  intelligence artificielle  » est un ensemble de techniques, parfois très diverses, pour qu’un logiciel puisse être «  entrainé  ». Au lieu de définir exactement comment va fonctionner le logiciel, on va lui fournir des «  données d’apprentissage  » pour qu’il en tire une forme de moyenne statistique. Exemple  : lui montrer des photos de terroristes et des photos de gens innocents pour, ensuite, tenter de voir s’il détecte des terroristes inconnus parmi une foule sur laquelle on n’a aucune information.

    Mais qui est responsable si le programme développé de cette manière désigne un innocent comme terroriste et entraine son élimination par un drone  ? Le programmeur qui a développé l’algorithme  ? Il n’avait pas conscience du cadre d’utilisation, il a juste fait un logiciel pour différencier deux types de personnes sur base de photos. Celui qui a sélectionné les données et qui a «  oublié  » d’inclure des barbus parmi les innocents  ? Celui qui, à la base de tout ça, a imaginé qu’un terroriste était reconnaissable à son visage  ?

    La fameuse intelligence artificielle, ce n’est que ça  : des algorithmes statistiques sont très utiles dans certains cas très spécifiques à condition d’être très surveillés. Mais qui diluent toute responsabilité en cas d’erreur.

    Un algo de type ChatGPT ne fait pas autre chose  : pour simplifier à outrance, il prend à chaque fois le texte de la conversation et tente de prédire quel mot a la plus grande probabilité de suivre. Il prend littéralement tous les mots de son dictionnaire, les rajoute à la fin de la phrase et évalue un score pour le texte résultant basé sur la moyenne statistique calculée durant son apprentissage.

    Si je lui demande  :

    Ploum : Quelle est la couleur d’un schtroumpf  ?

    Il va voir que, dans toutes ses données d’apprentissage, la suite de mot «  Quelle est la couleur de X  ? La couleur de X est  » est plus probable que « Quelle est la couleur de X  ? Banane volante à pistons  ». Du coup, il répond  :

    IA : La couleur de…

    Ben oui, parce que ça fonctionne aussi pour la couleur d’un marsupilami ou de n’importe quoi d’autre. C’est une des raisons qui fait que ChatGPT ne vous répond pas platement «  bleu  » comme n’importe quel humain le fait. Parce que dans ses données d’apprentissage apparait régulièrement qu’une réponse commence souvent en reformulant sa question.

    IA : La couleur d’un schtroumpf est…

    Cette reformulation reprend des parties de la phrase. Ce n’est pas du tout évident, mais cela donne l’impression que ChatGPT comprend ce qu’il dit. C’est faux. C’est simplement le plus probable parmi les milliards de possibilités de la langue française (ou de la langue schtroumpf).

    IA : La couleur d’un schtroumpf est bleue

    Parce que, dans tous les textes du corpus où apparait le mot «  schtroumpf  », c’est le mot «  bleu  » qui revient le plus souvent et qui est souvent associé avec le mot «  couleur  ».

    Évidemment, ce qui est le plus probable n’est pas toujours ce qui a le plus de sens. Les personnages générés par Dall-E ont, par exemple, souvent bien plus de doigts que nécessaire. Pour une raison toute simple  : sur une image, la probabilité est très grande que ce qui est à côté d’un doigt soit un autre doigt. En fait, si vous me montriez une partie de photo représentant un doigt en me demandant de parier sur ce qu’il y a juste à côté, j’aurais tout intérêt à répondre  : «  un autre doigt  !  ». Ce n’est pas une hallucination, c’est un résultat entièrement logique, statistique  !

    Des résultats techniques spectaculaires…

    Nonobstant ce que nous appelons des «  hallucinations  » (un mot choisi à dessein pour anthropomorphiser et rendre encore plus attirantes et mystiques les IA), les résultats sont très impressionnants, spectaculaires, imprévus. C’est un véritable show qui nous est offert dont les hallucinations font intégralement partie.

    À la base de tous les ChatGPT et consorts, on trouve une nouvelle méthode de programmation appelée «  Transformers  » (oui, comme les robots de mon enfance) inventée par 8 types chez Google (qui sont, depuis, tous partis pour fonder leur startup AI sauf un qui a fondé une startup blockchain).

    > [1706.03762] Attention Is All You Need (https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762)

    Le papier décrivant la méthode est devenu un «  landmark paper  ». Pour les spécialistes, il est bouleversant, car il introduit de nouvelles techniques, de nouvelles perspectives. Mais, pour le grand public, il n’est finalement qu’une énième optimisation (impressionnante, je le répète) de méthodes de machine learning qui existent et s’améliorent depuis 40 ans. La grosse révolution, outre une amélioration significative des performances générales, c’est d’avoir permis une mise en parallèle des calculs. Du coup, plutôt que de devoir sans cesse optimiser des algorithmes ou créer des superordinateurs, on peut se contenter de mettre beaucoup d’ordinateurs en parallèle. Beaucoup comme dans «  beaucoup beaucoup beaucoup  ». Et donc multiplier les performances des algorithmes existants. Ce qui est très cool mais, selon ma définition, pas vraiment «  révolutionnaire  ».

    > 8 Google Employees Invented Modern AI. Here’s the Inside Story (https://www.wired.com/story/eight-google-employees-invented-modern-ai-transformers-paper), visited on Mon Apr 1 20:51:01 2024

    Ces améliorations de performances ont permis d’entrainer les algorithmes sur des quantités astronomiques de données. De l’ordre de «  tout ce qui nous tombe sous la main  ». Et de créer des produits attractifs pour le grand public (ChatGPT, Dall-E, …) alors qu’à la base, l’algorithme visait surtout à automatiser les traductions.
    Un enthousiasme naïf qui l’est encore plus  !

    Si ces nouvelles techniques sont spectaculaires, la vitesse avec laquelle les investisseurs et les entreprises se sont engouffrées dans le buzz l’est encore plus. Comme le dit très bien Cory Doctorow, de nombreuses boites AI se sont créées avec des technologies incapables de remplacer un travailleur humain, mais avec une équipe marketing capable de convaincre votre patron que c’est bien le cas.

    Et chaque patron découvrant ChatGPT se sent soudain dans l’urgence d’investir dans l’AI, de peur que le concurrent le fasse avant lui. C’est parfois très con un CEO. Surtout quand ça a peur de rater le coche.

    Petit aparté  : si vous apprenez l’existence d’une technologie à travers la presse généraliste, c’est trop tard. C’est que vous êtes le dernier couillon à en ignorer l’existence. Et c’est vous qui allez constituer la dernière couche de la pyramide de ponzi qu’est la bulle spéculative sur ce sujet. Bref, vous êtes le pigeon. Face à un enthousiasme exubérant dans un domaine qui n’est pas le vôtre et sur lequel vous arrivez sur le tard, il n’y a qu’une chose à faire  : rien. Attendre que tout se tasse et tirer les leçons des échecs ou réussites des uns ou des autres.

    Se jeter dans la bulle AI, c’est un peu comme aller voir Titanic en pariant qu’il ne va pas couler à la fin. D’ailleurs, ils sont déjà en train de se casser la gueule : les fournisseurs d’AI ont dépensé 50 milliards de dollars pour des pelles, pardon des puces Nvidia et ont fait… trois milliards de chiffre d’affaires. L’action Nvidia, elle, a vu sa valeur multipliée par 9 en 15 mois. Comme dit le proverbe «  Pour s’enrichir durant une ruée vers l’or, vendez des pelles  !  »

    Tous les CEO qui ont investi dans l’AI commencent à se rendre compte que c’est, en fait, très compliqué ce machin, qu’il y a peu de résultats, qu’on ne peut pas faire confiance dans ces résultats et qu’ils ne dorment plus la nuit par peur que des données privées soient exposées par les AI ou qu’ils soient attaqués pour non-respect du copyright.

    > When Will the GenAI Bubble Burst ? (https://garymarcus.substack.com/p/when-will-the-genai-bubble-burst)

    D’ailleurs, je vous alertais déjà l’année passée sur la problématique d’utiliser des datas privées pour entrainer une IA et sur le fait que, à un moment ou un autre, un petit malin arriverait à les faire ressortir. Ou, du moins, à faire croire qu’il les a ressorties, même si ce sont des hallucinations.

    > Modern AI and the end of privacy (https://ploum.net/2023-02-15-ai-and-privacy.html)

    La fin du film est encore plus prévisible qu’un Marvel du mois d’août  : les boites IA commencent à couler.

    > Stability AI reportedly ran out of cash to pay its AWS bills • The Register (https://sebsauvage.net/links/?Vwkq4g)

    La décadence et la chute

    La technologie a beau être géniale, elle nécessite énormément d’électricité et coute un pognon de dingue. Et puis il faut l’entrainer sur le plus de données possible. C’est-à-dire sur tout ce qui a jamais été posté sur Internet auquel on a accès. Sauf que, ben… ce n’est pas suffisant. Surtout que les gens ne postent plus sur Internet, mais sur des plateformes privées avec lesquelles il faut signer des contrats pour avoir accès aux données.

    > Feeding the Machine (gemini ://rawtext.club/~winter/gemlog/2024/4-02.gmi)

    Pour résumer, on assiste, comme d’habitude, à une belle bulle, une parfaite ruée vers l’or. Avec des vendeurs de pelles (Nvidia) et des vendeurs de mines (Reddit, Facebook et tous ceux qui ont les données). Les mineurs vont, pour la plupart, faire faillite. Toute bulle finit par imploser. La seule question est de savoir si ce que la bulle laissera comme débris sera utile (comme l’ont été les infrastructures réseau financées pendant la bulle du web en 2000) ou s’il ne restera que ruines et destruction (comme la bulle des subprimes en 2008).

    Ces dernières sont les pires bulles  : elles détruisent activement une infrastructure existante. Exactement ce que la bulle AI est en train de faire avec le web en le merdifiant au-delà de tout espoir de sauver quoi que ce soit. Et en pourrissant toutes les données avec lesquelles s’entraineront les prochaines générations AI.

    La bulle actuelle est peut-être en train d’utiliser la connaissance accumulée pendant des décennies pour la diluer irrémédiablement dans sa propre merde, détruisant, en quelques mois, le travail de milliers de chercheurs pour les décennies à venir. Car, dans dix ans, comment pourra-t-on créer des jeux de données importants dont on soit sûrs qu’ils ne contiennent pas de données générées par d’autres algorithmes  ?

    > Drowning in AI Generated Garbage  : the silent war we are fighting (https://ploum.net/2022-12-05-drowning-in-ai-generated-garbage.html)

    Finalement, l’AI ne fait que répéter, en vitesse accélérée, ce que le consuméro-capitalisme inspiré d’Ayn Rand applique à toute la planète depuis Thatcher et Reagan  : promettre un futur incroyable en détruisant le présent pour en revendre les décombres dix fois le prix, ne léguant finalement que des cadavres, des ruines fumantes, des déserts de déchets et un air irrespirable.

    Je me pose cette simple question  : et maintenant  ?

    On a ChatGPT, on a Dall-E. On ne peut pas leur donner plus de données d’apprentissage. On ne peut pas leur donner plus d’électricité ni plus d’ordinateurs. Les augmentations de performance purement algorithmique sont incroyablement rares, difficiles et imprévisibles. Du coup, on fait quoi avec nos bots de discussion qui spamment tous le web  ? On rend les codeurs plus rapides avec Github Copilot  ? Super, on va pondre encore plus de code que personne ne comprend, dont personne n’a la responsabilité. Mais pourquoi  ?

    > Keynote Touraine Tech 2023  : Pourquoi  ? (https://ploum.net/2023-03-30-tnt23-pourquoi.html)

    Beaucoup pensent que ChatGPT est l’aube d’une révolution, d’un nouveau paradigme. Je pense, au contraire, qu’il représente la fin, l’aboutissement technologique à la fois des techniques algorithmiques, mais également de la parallélisation et de la mise en réseau globale des connaissances humaines.

    Nous avons trop souvent tendance à confondre l’aube avec le crépuscule.

    https://ploum.net/2024-04-04-la-bulle-ai.html
    #IA #AI
    #à_lire

  • China Is Building a Brain-Computer Interface Industry | WIRED
    https://www.wired.com/story/china-is-getting-serious-about-brain-computer-interfaces

    In a policy document released this month, China has signaled its ambition to become a world leader in brain-computer interfaces, the same technology that Elon Musk’s Neuralink and other US startups are developing.

    Brain-computer interfaces, or BCIs, read and decode neural activity to translate it into commands. Because they provide a direct link between the brain and an external device, such as a computer or robotic arm, BCIs have tremendous potential as assistive devices for people with severe physical disabilities.

    In the US, Neuralink, Synchron, Paradromics, and others have sprung up in recent years to commercialize BCIs. Now, China boasts several homegrown BCI companies, and its government is making the development of the technology a priority.

    Research on BCIs dates back to the 1970s, but for decades, the technology was too cumbersome and unreliable for practical applications. Neuralink and its US competitors are all aiming to improve on the design and performance of early BCIs to make useful products for patients.

    China’s foray into BCI research came later, but the country is quickly catching up to the US. Several companies and research institutions in China have successfully tested BCI implants in patients, showing that people with paralysis can move a cursor on a computer screen, operate a robotic arm, and type out their thoughts. Last year, the Chinese government released ethical guidelines for the use of BCIs. Now, its policy document lays out a road map for speeding up the development of these devices. It outlines 17 specific steps, which include creating better chips to capture brain signals, improving software to decode those signals, standardizing BCI technology, and establishing manufacturing capabilities.

    “The Chinese government has always been supportive of disruptive technologies,” says Phoenix Peng, cofounder and CEO of NeuroXess, a BCI company based in Shanghai. “I think, from the government’s point of view, this policy means that BCI technology has already passed from a concept level into the product level.”

    Beyond those uses, the policy document lays out other medical applications. It says BCIs could be used to monitor and analyze brain activity in real time to potentially prevent or reduce the risk of certain brain diseases. It also endorses consumer applications, such as monitoring driver alertness. The document says a wearable BCI could provide timely alerts for drowsiness, lack of attention, and slow reaction times, helping to reduce the probability of traffic accidents.

    “I think noninvasive BCI products will get a huge market boost in China, because China is the biggest consumer electronics manufacturing country,” Peng says.

    A few US companies, including Emotiv and Neurable, have started selling consumer wearables that use electroencephalography, or EEG, to capture brain waves through the scalp. But the devices are still expensive and have yet to take off more broadly.

    China’s policy document, meanwhile, is promoting the mass production of non-implantable devices in various forms—forehead-mounted, head-mounted, ear-mounted, ear buds, and helmets, glasses, and headphones. It also proposes piloting BCIs in certain industries for safety management, such as hazardous materials handling, nuclear energy, mining, and electricity. The document suggests that BCIs could provide early warnings for workplace events such as low oxygen levels, poisoning, and fainting.

    #BCI #Données_cérébrales

  • Big Tech Companies in the US Have Been Told Not to Apply the Digital Services Act | WIRED
    https://www.wired.com/story/big-tech-companies-in-the-us-have-been-told-not-to-apply-the-digital-services
    https://media.wired.com/photos/68add5195de41fa2c478515d/191:100/w_1280,c_limit/1293740005

    La « guerre du cyberespace » ne se limite pas à priver l’avion de la présidente de la Commission européenne d’accès au GPS, mais se déroule aussi à fleurets mouchetés...

    FTC chairman Andrew Ferguson wrote a scathing letter to companies including Google, Meta, and Apple, telling them not to apply the DSA if it jeopardizes the freedom of Americans.
    La Statua della libertà emerge da uno smartphone in forma di pixel
    La Statua della libertà emerge da uno smartphone in forma di pixelIllustration: Richard Drury; Getty Images

    Trouble is brewing for the Digital Services Act (DSA), the landmark European law governing big tech platforms. On August 21, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), sent a scathing letter to a number of tech giants, including Google, Meta, Amazon, Microsoft, and Apple. The letter’s subject: the European Digital Services Act cannot be applied if it jeopardizes freedom of expression and, above all, the safety of US citizens.

    The opening of the letter—signed by FTC chairman Andrew Ferguson—features a prominent reference to the First Amendment of the US Constitution, namely freedom of speech: “Online platforms have become central to public debate, and the pervasive online censorship in recent years has outraged the American people. Not only have Americans been censored and banned from platforms for expressing opinions and beliefs not shared by a small Silicon Valley elite, but the previous administration actively worked to encourage such censorship.”
    The Trump Administration’s Lunge

    The Trump administration intends to reverse course, and it is in this direction that the attack on “foreign powers,” the European Union and in the United Kingdom, and in particular on the Digital Services Act and the Online Safety Act, begins. The letter also indirectly references GDPR, the European regulation on the protection of personal data, whose measures are “aimed at imposing censorship and weakening end-to-end encryption” with the result of a weakening of Americans’ freedoms, according to the letter.
    Privacy and End-to-End Encryption: The Issues on the Table

    In the letter, the US Antitrust Authority specifically asked the 13 companies to report “how they intend to comply with incorrect international regulatory requirements” (the deadline for scheduling a meeting was set for August 28) and recalled their “obligations towards American consumers under Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act, which prohibits unfair or deceptive acts or practices” that could distort the market or compromise safety.

    Featured Video

    Political Scientist Answers China Questions

    And it is precisely on the security front, and especially on the adoption of end-to-end encryption, that the FTC calls big tech companies to order: “Companies that promise that their service is secure or encrypted, but fail to use end-to-end encryption where appropriate, may deceive consumers who reasonably expect this level of privacy.” Furthermore, “certain circumstances may require the use of end-to-end encryption, and failure to implement such measures may constitute an unfair practice.” The weakening of encryption or other security measures to comply with laws or requests from a foreign government may therefore violate Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act, the document states.
    What Happens in Case of Disputes and Interference

    In a tweet on X, Ferguson wrote flatly that “if companies censor Americans or weaken privacy and communications security at the request of a foreign power, I will not hesitate to enforce the law.”

    “In a global society like the one we live in, overlaps and interferences between different legal systems are natural. Just think of those, in the opposite direction, between European privacy legislation and the famous American Cloud Act,” Guido Scorza, a member of the Italian Data Protection Authority, told WIRED. Scorza believes that in the event of significant discrepancies, “it will be up to the US government and the European Commission to identify corrective measures capable of guaranteeing the sovereignty, including digital, of each country.”

    This article originally appeared on Wired Italy and has been translated from Italian.

    #Liberté_expression #Economie_numérique #Europe_USA

  • Meta Has Already Won the Smart Glasses Race | WIRED
    https://www.wired.com/story/meta-has-already-won-the-smart-glasses-race

    Forget smartphones. According to Zuck, the real interface of the future is what’s sitting on your nose. These AI-powered specs, he argues, will “see what we see, hear what we hear, and talk to us” in real time—offering a kind of digital copilot for everyday life. And if that vision sounds a little dystopian, it’s also very, very lucrative.

    Meta’s Ray-Ban smart glasses—built in collaboration with eyewear juggernaut EssilorLuxottica—have become a surprise hit. Since launching the second generation in October 2023, they’ve sold more than 2 million units. Sales tripled in Q2 2025 alone, helping drive Meta’s 22 percent year-over-year revenue growth. Zuckerberg has reportedly challenged teams to push that figure to 5 million by year’s end.

    Meta, for its part, is betting on convergence. The company sees a future where fashion and tech are inseparable. In a note titled “Personal Superintelligence,” Zuckerberg imagined a future where “personal devices like glasses that understand our context—because they can see what we see, hear what we hear and interact with us throughout the day—will become our primary computing devices.” That vision of AI-integrated eyewear shows just how deeply Meta believes the future will be both wearable and always on.

    Then there’s the wild card: China. ByteDance, TikTok’s parent company, has invested in XR, acquiring VR headset maker Pico and releasing its own smart glasses in select markets. Xiaomi and Huawei have also entered the fray, blending AI and camera functions into (relatively) stylish frames that are increasingly indistinguishable from standard eyewear. They may not be targeting Western luxury consumers yet, but rapid iteration in China’s massive domestic market could well produce breakout hardware standards that later go global.

    At its core, this move by Meta, Google, Apple, Xiaomi, Huawei, and others is a race to define the hardware and distribution model for a post-smartphone era before someone else does. By securing the world’s largest eyewear maker, with its unmatched retail footprint and deep portfolio of luxury brands, Meta is building both a moat and a launchpad.

    “Apple and Google will certainly have an easier path forward thanks to Meta’s early and extremely large investment in this category,” says Ubrani. “However, Meta’s edge may not be in hardware. Rather, it’s in design and distribution since they’ve partnered with the largest eyewear maker in the world.”

    #Lunettes #Intelligence_artificielle #IA #Economie_numérique #Nouvelles_interfaces

  • What Does Palantir Actually Do? | WIRED
    https://www.wired.com/story/palantir-what-the-company-does/?_sp=aa1c6cb1-7ca7-4896-bd7d-dca3dfdba3dc.1755288996634

    Palantir’s software is designed with nontechnical users in mind. Rather than relying on specialized technical teams to parse and analyze data, Palantir allows people across an organization to get insights, sometimes without writing a single line of code. All they need to do is log into one of Palantir’s two primary platforms: Foundry, for commercial users, or Gotham, for law enforcement and government users.

    The Sales Pitch

    Foundry focuses on helping businesses use data to do things like manage inventory, monitor factory lines, and track orders. Gotham, meanwhile, is an investigative tool specifically for police and government clients, designed to connect people, places, and events of interest to law enforcement. There’s also Apollo, which is like a control panel for shipping automatic software updates to Foundry or Gotham, and the Artificial Intelligence Platform, a suite of AI-powered tools that can be integrated into Gotham or Foundry.

    Foundry and Gotham are similar: Both ingest data and give people a neat platform to work with it. The main difference between them is what data they’re ingesting. Gotham takes any data that government or law enforcement customers may have, including things like crime reports, booking logs, or information they collected by subpoenaing a social media company. Gotham then extracts every person, place, and detail that might be relevant. Customers need to already have the data they want to work with—Palantir itself does not provide any.
    A former Palantir staffer who has used Gotham says that, in just minutes, a law enforcement official or government analyst can map out who may be in a person’s network and see documents that link them together. They can also centralize everything an agency knows about a person in one place, including their eye color from their driver’s license, or their license plate from a traffic ticket—making it easy to build a detailed intelligence report. They can also use Gotham to search for a person based on a characteristic, like their immigration status, what state they live in, or whether they have tattoos.

    Since leaving Palantir, Pinto says he’s spent a lot of time reflecting on the company’s ability to parse and connect vast amounts of data. He’s now deeply worried that an authoritarian state could use this power to “tell any narrative they want” about, say, immigrants or dissidents it may be seeking to arrest or deport. He says that software like Palantir’s doesn’t eliminate human bias.

    People are the ones that choose how to work with data, what questions to ask about it, and what conclusions to draw. Their choices could have positive outcomes, like ensuring enough Covid-19 vaccines are delivered to vulnerable areas. They could also have devastating ones, like launching a deadly airstrike, or deporting someone.

    In some ways, Palantir can be seen as an amplifier of people’s intentions and biases. It helps them make evermore precise and intentional decisions, for better or for worse. But this may not always be obvious to Palantir’s users. They may only experience a sophisticated platform, sold to them using the vocabulary of warfare and hegemony. It may feel as if objective conclusions are flowing naturally from the data. When Gotham users connect disparate pieces of information about a person, it could seem like they are reading their whole life story, rather than just a slice of it.

    “It’s a really powerful tool,” says one former Palantir employee. “And when it’s in the wrong hands, it can be really dangerous. And I think people should be really scared about it.”

    #Palantir #Technofascisme #Intelligence_artificielle #Données

  • What Does #Palantir Actually Do?
    https://www.wired.com/story/palantir-what-the-company-does

    Foundry and Gotham are similar: Both ingest data and give people a neat platform to work with it. The main difference between them is what data they’re ingesting. Gotham takes any data that government or law enforcement customers may have, including things like crime reports, booking logs, or information they collected by subpoenaing a social media company. Gotham then extracts every person, place, and detail that might be relevant. Customers need to already have the data they want to work with—Palantir itself does not provide any.

    A former Palantir staffer who has used Gotham says that, in just minutes, a law enforcement official or government analyst can map out who may be in a person’s network and see documents that link them together. They can also centralize everything an agency knows about a person in one place, including their eye color from their driver’s license, or their license plate from a traffic ticket—making it easy to build a detailed intelligence report. They can also use Gotham to search for a person based on a characteristic, like their immigration status, what state they live in, or whether they have tattoos.

    #surveillance

  • OpenAI’s ChatGPT Agent Is Haunting My Browser | WIRED
    https://www.wired.com/story/browser-haunted-by-ai-agents

    New tools from OpenAI and Perplexity can browse the web for you. If the idea takes off, these generative AI agents could turn the internet into a ghost town where only bots roam.

    JP Mens - Mastodon
    https://mastodon.social/@jpmens/114901503809799521

    This is such good news! Finally, after years and years, gigabytes and gigabytes, I can have a program surf porn for me and don’t need to look at the pics myself. The time-saving will be awesome!!

  • How Social Media Is Fueling Gen Z’s Sex Recession | WIRED
    https://www.wired.com/story/carter-sherman-the-second-coming-interview

    Sherman, a 31-year-old journalist (she works at The Guardian; the two of us also previously worked together at Vice News), has interviewed more than 100 young people about why they aren’t having as much sex as previous generations and, despite the narrative that they’re prudes, she found that many of them want to have sex—there are just a lot of complicated factors stopping them.

    “Many of them are very horny. They would like to be having sex, and in fact they feel a lot of shame over the fact that they haven’t had sex yet or that they’re not having sex enough.”

    The numbers Sherman found in her reporting bear out the idea that young people are in the midst of a “sex recession.” One in four Gen Z adults have never had partnered sex, according to a 2022 survey by the Kinsey Institute and Lovehoney, while data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows that in 2023, around a third of high schoolers said they’d had sex—down from 47 percent in 2013. Even masturbating is on the decline.

    As for why, Sherman says the ubiquity of social media and smartphones have definitely played a role in how young people engage with each other, but also in how they view themselves. Throw in stress over the overturning of Roe v. Wade and multiple presidential administrations that have collectively poured billions of dollars into abstinence-only sex education, and you can start to see how the answer to why young people are hooking up less goes far beyond just “they’re puritanical."

    Sherman shared her eye-opening and sometimes troubling observations from the book in an interview with WIRED.

    What’s the vibe around dating apps? Like are people as sick of them as they seem to be?

    Yes, yes they are. Dating apps suck. Also, dating sucks. I think dating apps promised that they would be a break from the torture of dating, or the torture that dating can be, but people have realized at this point that they’re not. In the book, I treat them as an extension of social media, because I think they do a lot of the same things, which is to say they do make you very aware of your sexual value and oftentimes make you feel like you’re lacking in some way.

    What makes you feel positive, having researched this topic exhaustively, about young people and their sex lives, and maybe getting over this sex recession, if that is indeed what some of them want to do.

    I actually don’t care very much about whether or not young people are having sex or not having sex. What I worry about is whether or not young people are connecting with one another and whether or not they’re growing in their relationships, in themselves, if they’re not engaging in sexual, romantic relationships to the extent that they want them. I just worry that there is a dearth of willingness to be vulnerable in a way that I think is not only bad for individuals but bad for politics, because it diminishes our ability to connect with one another and understand one another’s differences.

    My second thought is that as far as hope goes, I was really heartened by the degree to which young people were very much fighting for what they believed in and were very aware of the political valence of sex. This is a generation that understood, certainly far earlier than I did, that what happens in the bedroom is influenced by what happens outside of it. I think that if these young people are able to succeed in their endeavors, they’re going to feel better about themselves, but also potentially create a better world.

    #Sexe #Internet #Jeunes #GenZ

  • McDonald’s AI Hiring Bot Exposed Millions of Applicants’ Data to Hackers Using the Password ‘123456’ | WIRED
    https://www.wired.com/story/mcdonalds-ai-hiring-chat-bot-paradoxai

    Basic security flaws left the personal info of tens of millions of McDonald’s job-seekers vulnerable on the “McHire” site built by AI software firm Paradox.ai.

    (...)

    Carroll and Curry, hackers with a long track record of independent security testing, discovered that simple web-based vulnerabilities—including guessing one laughably weak password—allowed them to access a Paradox.ai account and query the company’s databases that held every McHire user’s chats with Olivia. The data appears to include as many as 64 million records, including applicants’ names, email addresses, and phone numbers.

    (...)

  • Tu seras heureux d’apprendre que le suprémaciste blanc qui fait des saluts nazis et des signes white power a lancé un parti « centriste ». Extrême-centriste, donc.
    https://www.wired.com/story/elon-musk-third-party

    Despite polling showing dissatisfaction among Americans with both parties—four in 10 voters overall and 76 percent of independents said in a June CNN poll that neither party has strong leadership or can get things done—it remains unclear whether there’s a true grassroots centrist phenomenon for Musk to tap into.

    “This is the attention economy,” a national strategist who has worked with minor parties says. “You’ve got to get people to care.” Musk’s target audience of centrists, they say, is mostly tuning out the news.

  • Auto Shanghai 2025 Wasn’t Just a Car Show. It Was a Warning to the West | WIRED
    https://www.wired.com/story/auto-shanghai-2025-car-show-warning-to-the-west

    After poaching some of the best Western auto talent, China’s car industry is about to dominate globally with charging rates, ranges, luxury design, technology, and sheer volumes.

    Oué, mé tu comprends coco, mettre la main sur l’Ukraine en faisant avancer les missiles de l’OTAN à la frontière russe, c’est nettement plus important que tout le reste.

    (pas que les voitures ne soient pas une horreur pour notre futur, mais à la façon dont notre société est totalement inféodé au tout bagnole, il paraît évident que nos propres fabricants de voitures, à ce rythme, vont mettre la clef sous la porte, vu le boulet que représentent les sanctions contre la russie, l’iran, et le reste du monde...)