/status

  • L’immigration vers les pays de l’OCDE a atteint « des niveaux sans précédents » en 2022
    https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2023/10/23/immigration-des-niveaux-record-dans-l-ocde-en-2022_6196150_3210.html

    L’immigration vers les pays de l’OCDE a atteint « des niveaux sans précédents » en 2022
    Quelque 6,1 millions d’immigrés permanents supplémentaires ont été accueillis. De nombreux gouvernements ont adopté des politiques favorables aux travailleurs étrangers.Par Julia Pascual
    Une situation historique, des flux inédits. En 2022, l’immigration dans les pays de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques (OCDE) a atteint « des niveaux sans précédent », rappelle l’institution dans un rapport rendu public lundi 23 octobre. Ce phénomène s’explique surtout par l’augmentation de l’immigration pour motif humanitaire et professionnel et, dans certains pays, par des effets de rattrapage de l’immigration familiale post-Covid 19. « Sans compter les Ukrainiens, qui ont représenté 7 millions de réfugiés, nous atteignons 6,1 millions d’immigrés permanents en plus en 2022 », détaille Jean-Christophe Dumont, expert des migrations internationales à l’OCDE, soit une hausse de 26 % sur un an.
    Ces volumes sont à rapporter à la population de l’OCDE, évaluée à 1,26 milliard de personnes. « Les chiffres préliminaires pour 2023 laissent entrevoir une nouvelle hausse », anticipe l’organisation. L’Inde et la Chine sont les premières nationalités des nouveaux arrivants. Et les premiers pays de destination sont, dans l’ordre, les Etats-Unis, l’Allemagne, le Royaume-Uni et l’Espagne. La France arrive au sixième rang avec plus de 300 000 nouvelles entrées, devant l’Italie (+ 272 000 entrées) et derrière le Canada (+ 437 000 entrées).
    Si l’immigration familiale continue de constituer la première catégorie d’immigrés nouveaux dans les pays concernés, avec 41 % des arrivées, sa part est assez stable dans le temps, la hausse des flux étant portée par d’autres facteurs de mobilité.Ainsi, le nombre de nouveaux réfugiés est passé de 425 000 en 2021 à près de 625 000 en 2022. Cette dynamique n’est pas en voie de se tarir si l’on considère l’augmentation de la demande d’asile : plus de 2 millions de nouvelles demandes ont été enregistrées dans les pays de la zone en 2022, bien au-delà des 1,7 million de demandes comptabilisées en 2015 et en 2016.
    Les pays d’origine des demandeurs d’asile sont le Venezuela (221 000), Cuba (180 000), l’Afghanistan (170 000) et le Nicaragua (165 000). « Cette hausse s’explique en grande partie par l’explosion des demandes aux Etats-Unis, qui se sont élevées à 730 000 », explique le rapport. L’Allemagne arrive en deuxième position avec près de 220 000 demandes d’asile en 2022, un chiffre toutefois inférieur à ceux de 2015 et de 2016. La France, elle, a enregistré près de 140 000 demandes en 2022.
    L’immigration permanente pour motif professionnel connaît elle aussi une dynamique importante, portée par les pénuries de main-d’œuvre. Elle représente 21 % des nouveaux immigrés en 2022, contre 16 % seulement en 2019, avant la pandémie de Covid-19. Les hausses dans certains pays sont « spectaculaires », remarque le rapport. Au Royaume-Uni, l’immigration de travail a doublé en un an, elle a crû de 59 % en Allemagne, de 39 % aux Etats-Unis ou encore de 26 % en France.
    Ces dynamiques sont portées par les gouvernements. La plupart des pays de l’OCDE ont placé l’immigration de travail « au premier plan des préoccupations politiques », relève le rapport. Les auteurs citent la réforme en Espagne de la loi générale sur l’immigration, la modification en Allemagne de la loi pour l’immigration des travailleurs qualifiés ou des réflexions en cours en Australie pour attirer davantage de travailleurs qualifiés.
    En dehors de l’immigration dite permanente, les flux temporaires augmentent eux aussi de façon historique. Les migrations temporaires de travail vers l’OCDE ont représenté 2,4 millions de permis délivrés, parmi lesquels 650 000 saisonniers recrutés en 2022, en premier lieu aux Etats-Unis, et principalement pour les activités agricoles. « Ces hausses sont une combinaison d’un effet de rattrapage post-Covid avec un effet conjoncturel des programmes économiques qui ont soutenu la demande », analyse M. Dumont.
    De même, l’immigration étudiante connaît une embellie notable avec 42 % d’augmentation des arrivées. En 2022, environ 1,9 million d’étudiants sont arrivés dans le cadre d’une mobilité internationale, hors mobilité intra-européenne. « Pour la quatrième année de suite, le Royaume-Uni arrive en tête des pays d’accueil des nouveaux étudiants internationaux, devant les Etats-Unis, observe l’OCDE. Viennent ensuite le Canada, l’Australie et le Japon. »
    « Ces chiffres nous montrent que l’immigration n’est pas hors de contrôle, insiste M. Dumont. La majorité de l’immigration est régulée. C’est aussi la preuve que l’économie arrive à absorber ces flux historiques, même s’il y a des tensions, notamment sur le marché du logement. » En outre, M. Dumont insiste sur le fait que l’augmentation de l’immigration « ne se fait pas au détriment des conditions d’insertion sur le marché du travail de l’ensemble des immigrés ». Leur taux d’emploi atteint même un niveau record en 2022 avec 71 % des immigrés présents dans l’OCDE qui occupent un emploi, contre 68,7 % en 2021. En France, ce taux frôle 62 %, en augmentation mais toujours en dessous de la moyenne des pays de l’Union européenne (66,8 %).l

    #Covid-19#migrant#migration#france#OCDE#immigration#economie#travailleurmigrant#etudiant#asile#politiquemigratoire

  • 2 groups of ~250 people in total stranded on different islets of the #Evros river ! (22.08.2023)

    We are in contact with 2 groups of ~250 people in total, who are stranded on different islets of the #Evros river! One group shared a video of the fires raging nearby. They say “The fires are getting very close to us now. We need help as soon as possible!”

    https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1693972420858609721
    #limbe #zone_frontalière #île #Evros #asile #migrations #réfugiés #frontières #fleuve_Evros #Turquie #Grèce #Thrace #îlots
    #nudité

    –-

    ajouté à la métaliste sur #métaliste sur des #réfugiés abandonnés sur des #îlots dans la région de l’#Evros, #frontière_terrestre entre la #Grèce et la #Turquie :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/953343

  • Group of 45 people stranded on an islet in the wider #Soufli - #Tychero area (22.07.2023)

    🆘 near #Lagyna, #Evros river, #Greece


    We are in contact with a group of 45 people stranded on an islet in the wider #Soufli - #Tychero area. They report being there 9 days already. @hellenicpolice
    are informed & claim to have searched for them but that they could not find them.

    #limbe #zone_frontalière #île #Evros #asile #migrations #réfugiés #frontières #fleuve_Evros #Turquie #Grèce #Thrace #îlots

    –-

    ajouté à la métaliste sur #métaliste sur des #réfugiés abandonnés sur des #îlots dans la région de l’#Evros, #frontière_terrestre entre la #Grèce et la #Turquie :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/953343

    • Même groupe ?
      (16.07.2023)

      🆘 in the #Evros region! 25 people are stranded on an islet near the town of #Soufli. They reported to be there since 10 days & seem currently under attack by #Greek authorities. Stop the violence & evacuate them from the islet!

      https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1680530020425424900

    • Evros: the brutal face of the European border regime

      A group has been stuck for over three weeks on a small islet of the Evros river. Their story includes countless distress-calls, physical attacks, sexual violence, non-assistance when immediate medical aid was needed, and the complete disregard for a European Court of Human Rights ruling, which granted the group interim measures and ordering the Greek state to provide them with assistance. It is another clear example of the brutal reality that people endure at the land border between Türkiye and Greece.

      On the 21st of July 2023, a group of people reached out to Alarm Phone. The 52 people – among them several children and elderly people with severe health conditions – told us how they were stuck on a small islet near the village of Lagyna on Greek territory in the middle of the Evros river, which borders Greece and Türkiye. When reaching out to Alarm Phone and calling for help, the people informed us they had already been stuck on the islet for eight days. At 14:19 CEST of the same day, Alarm Phone alerted Greek authorities, as well as Frontex, UNHCR and various NGOs via email about the people in distress, sharing their location and their request for immediate and urgent assistance.

      At this point, we did not know that this would be the start of an odyssey lasting over two weeks, with no end in sight, which would include countless emails and calls to authorities, public outcries via social media to mobilise for evacuation, an ignored decision of the European Court of Human rights and ongoing barbaric violence by Greek forces against the group.

      On the day after the alert, Greek authorities informed Alarm Phone about joint efforts, together with Frontex, to search for the group, “[…]we would like to inform you that after extensive searches by the Greek Authorities and Frontex join patrols in the location indicated by the coordinates area and also more widely, no human presence was found”. This would not be the last time that Greek authorities claimed to have been unable to find the group despite conducting “extensive searches” for them.

      Several days later, on July 26th, the people told us how they had heard car noises the previous day on the Greek side of the river, but that they were still waiting for urgently needed assistance. At the same time, their condition worsened with every day: they reported injuries and various health issues, as well, they told us how everyone’s mental health was rapidly deteriorating in light of the ongoing difficulties they were facing. The violent act of leaving people for days being stuck on an islet not only risks physical injuries, but is a mental torment in and of itself that traumatises people. Already by this point, the non-assistance from Greek authorities and Frontex was causing damage to the people calling for help – but the situation would continue to deteriorate over the coming days.

      On July 27th, 08:18 CEST, Greek authorities again claimed to have searched for the people: “[…]we would kindly like to inform you that after extensive searches by the Greek Authorities and Frontex patrol in the location indicated by the coordinates and also more widely, no human presence was found”. This is despite the Evros region being a highly militarized border area, where the EU has invested hundreds of millions of euros into fortifying the border. The technologies deployed in the area include sensors, thermal cameras and drones – but in spite of this, the Greek authorities and Frontex state they are unable to find a group with a clearly indicated location? How embarrassing. While it is clear that their statement is a blatant lie, it is remarkable that Greek authorities and Frontex have reached a point where such obvious untruths have become implicit to their operational activities. To have reached this point, these strategies have to be widely accepted within their ranks and as such demonstrate how the brutal means of deterrence used at the borders of Greece have become normalised, from overt and brutal violence to misinformation and non-assistance. This is particularly true in the Evros region, as demonstrated over the next days in the developments we witnessed for this case.

      A day later, on July 28th, the group told us again about activities on the Greek side of the river: the people had spotted a black car parked “on the Greek side” and a drone that was flying over them. Shortly after, they reported being attacked by police and what they described as “mercenaries”: “Police and mercenaries stormed us. They started to hit the world. And now we’re in the water”. They sent us several videos showing the cruel attack.

      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A6L5M3Gwiqs&source_ve_path=Mjg2NjY&feature=emb_logo

      We immediately informed the authorities about the attack. It is clear: in this highly militarised and controlled border zone, no such attack could have happened without some level of coordination from the authorities – the very same authorities who had been claiming for days that they could not locate the group. After the attack, the people told us how they were shocked and devastated. However, this attack did not signal the end of their suffering. The group told us that after the attack, they were forced back to the same islet as before by Turkish authorities.

      Together with the Rule39 Initiative, an application for Interim Measures at the European Court of Human Rights was handed in on August 1st. By this point, we had been in contact with the people for 11 days. Throughout this entire period, the authorities had been aware of the group and their calls for assistance. Despite this, the group’s calls for assistance remained ignored. Moreover, instead of receiving help, the people were violently attacked.

      https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1684815225608949760

      During the morning of August 2nd, the response by the European Court of Human Rights arrived: the court had granted the Interim Measures and ordered Greece to provide food, water and medical assistance. We immediately informed authorities, including Frontex and UNHCR about the decision and reiterated the urgent need of assistance for the group.

      https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1686756260085936129

      During the morning of the 3rd of August, Greek authorities sent another email, claiming once again to have searched for, but not found, the people. At the same time, the people shared videos with us showing themselves loudly screaming for help. In desperation, the group decided to cross the river themselves. This is extremely dangerous – every year dozens of people die in the Evros river, which has strong undercurrents that can drown people. Luckily, they managed to cross the river and arrived safely on the Greek riverbank, which they documented with several videos that they sent to Alarm Phone. They reported talking to two people wearing shirts with “police” written on it. This is when an incredibly violent chapter of their journey started.

      https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1687059265427496961

      Following the news that the group were talking with “police”, Alarm Phone shift teams once again called various border guard and police stations, including the ones at Soufli, Alexandroupolis and Thrace. All our calls went unanswered. In the meantime, the people reported they were put into cars and told us that they feared they would be brought back to Türkiye. The position they shared showed them near Soufli:

      We continued to call the authorities, however, they either did not pick up, rejected responsibility – claiming it was outside of their jurisdiction, or refused to give any information.

      https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1687135993235750912

      Shortly after midnight on August 4th, the people reached out to Alarm Phone again. They were pushed back to Türkiye and severely beaten. A woman from the group explained what had happened to them after they were taken in the car:

      She told us how, after half an hour in the car, the young men and even some women were severely beaten. The attackers stripped the women of all their clothes and forced the young men’s eyes open to look the undressed women. They then beat the men badly. The woman said the group was worried that two among the attacked men were beaten to death. The attackers even beat the elderly women and told them to return to their country. The group was, again, forced back onto the islet, and reported that there were now several people missing, among them the two men who had been heavily beaten.

      The people told us how they were left severely shaken and outraged, desperate to know what happened to their friends who went missing who they fear died. They reported that amongst their group are three year old babies who are understandably extremely psychologically distressed and traumatised by the violent assault of the Greek police. “Please please can we help them. Turkey and Greece have left them in the middle. Do we know where the people who went missing are?”.

      https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1687373994909921281

      We want to know: what has happened to the missing? Who is responsible for the brutal attack and the sexual violence? And what was the role of Frontex in this whole story? How can orders of the European Court of Human Rights just be ignored? And why has help been repeated denied for people who are in urgent need of it?

      Not only have the attacks subjected people to overt violence, but the continuous non-assistance has led to many medical emergencies – this includes three elderly people with diabetes in need of medical assistance, an elderly person with circulatory problems in the leg, which were purple on both sides, a pregnant woman who suffered from contractions and was bleeding, and several children who were weak, mentally distressed and badly bitten by mosquitoes. It should also be noted that the group told us how they ran out of food and water days ago and are forced to drink water from the river, which carries with it a risk of poisoning.

      Unfortunately, this is not an isolated incident, but instead sees the recurrence of an all too familiar pattern. The incredible level of violence used – which can only be understood as systematized forms of torture and brutalisation– against people on the move is abhorrent. It is illustrative of the dehumanisation implicit to the racist European migration regime. Furthermore, it demonstrates an obvious dysfunctionality of European institutions, where decisions of the European Court of Human Rights are easily ignored by Greece, without consequence. Instead of being forced to take action, Greek authorities merely responded to both Alarm Phone and the ECHR that the people could not be located. And once again, we see how Frontex is involved in a situation which resulted in a brutal pushback.

      On August 6th, the people were still stuck on the islet. There were also still in very distressed condition – and one that continues to deteriorate. They expressed their shock and disbelief that an ECHR decision obviously does not count in Greece. They themselves have called 112 over 50 times and written emails to Frontex and Greek authorities – but instead of receiving much needed assistance, have been subject to repeated and vicious attacks.

      https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1687425346285494273

      In the early hours of the morning on August 7th, the group reached out to us again to report another attack, telling us that “Mercenaries came upon us while we were asleep [on the islet], and we were sent back to Turkey”. They then told us how they were picked up by the Turkish army, who is forcing them back into Greece. The group was incredibly distressed, commenting that they have “become a football between Greek and Turkish army.” As the situation continues with no end in sight, and the people, who are in dire need of urgent medical assistance, are pushed back and forth across the river by Greek and Turkish forces, we again make it clear, these attacks must end and the people be given the help they so urgently need.

      We, along with the group currently stranded on the islet, are shocked and outraged – even though we witness such crimes and attacks against people on the move almost daily, and with increasing intensity. We will continue to fight against the normalisation of such violence and will never forgive the ones responsible for it. While Greece tries to cover up the mass murder of Pylos, for which the Hellenic Coast Guard is responsible, the real and merciless face of the Greek border regime remains clearly visible in the Evros region, as too does the complicity of the EU.

      https://alarmphone.org/en/2023/08/07/evros-the-brutal-face-of-the-european-border-regime/?post_type_release_type=post

  • 26.07.2023 :

    🆘 in the #Evros region. A group of 29 people is stuck on an islet of the #Evros river, close to the village of #Marasia. Despite their calls for urgent medical support, #Greek & #Turkish authorities refuse to help & claim the position is not on their respective territory.
    The people called #112 themselves, but no help arrived. What is #112 for? To contribute to border violence or to help people in distress? To authorities involved: Stop playing games, evacuate the people now - they reported several people in need of urgent medical assistance!

    https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1684252700970450953

    #limbe #zone_frontalière #île #Evros #asile #migrations #réfugiés #frontières #fleuve_Evros #Turquie #Grèce #Thrace #îlots

    –-

    ajouté à la métaliste sur #métaliste sur des #réfugiés abandonnés sur des #îlots dans la région de l’#Evros, #frontière_terrestre entre la #Grèce et la #Turquie :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/953343

  • 19.06.2023 : a group of 36 people stranded on an islet near #Kissari (Evros, Greece) :

    We have been contacted by a group of 36 people stranded on an islet near #Kissari. They are desperate and ask to be allowed to apply for asylum in Greece. We informed local authorities in #Greece about the need for urgent evacuation!


    https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1670835917106425859
    #limbe #zone_frontalière #île #Evros #asile #migrations #réfugiés #frontières #fleuve_Evros #Turquie #Grèce #Thrace #îlots

    –-

    ajouté à la métaliste sur #métaliste sur des #réfugiés abandonnés sur des #îlots dans la région de l’#Evros, #frontière_terrestre entre la #Grèce et la #Turquie :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/953343

  • 63 people stranded on an islet on the #Evros river (19.06.2023)

    63 people stranded on an islet on the #Evros river, near #Marasia. Another group reached out to us & reported to be stuck since several days on a different islet. They are calling for urgent assistance. We have informed @hellenicpolice & call for an evacuation of the group.


    https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1670841354908319747
    #limbe #zone_frontalière #île #Evros #asile #migrations #réfugiés #frontières #fleuve_Evros #Turquie #Grèce #Thrace #îlots

    –-

    ajouté à la métaliste sur #métaliste sur des #réfugiés abandonnés sur des #îlots dans la région de l’#Evros, #frontière_terrestre entre la #Grèce et la #Turquie :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/953343

  • Grèce : au moins 78 morts dans un naufrage, le plus meurtrier de l’année dans le pays

    Au moins 78 migrants se sont noyés mercredi dans le naufrage de leur embarcation en mer méditerranée, dans le sud-ouest de la Grèce, tandis que 104 ont pu être secourus par les garde-côtes grecs. Selon des médias locaux, le bateau transportait au moins 600 personnes. Les recherches se poursuivaient mercredi pour tenter de retrouver d’autres survivants. Il s’agit du naufrage le plus meurtrier de l’année en Grèce.

    Au moins 78 personnes ont trouvé la mort dans un naufrage dans la nuit de mardi 13 à mercredi 14 juin au large de la Grèce. Quelques 104 naufragés ont pu être secourus par les garde-côtes grecs et transférés vers la ville de Kalamata, un port situé au sud ouest du pays.

    Les chaînes de télévision grecques ont montré les images de rescapés, couvertures grises sur les épaules et masques hygiéniques sur le visage, descendre d’un yacht portant l’inscription Georgetown, la capitale des îles Caïmans. D’autres étaient évacués sur des civières. Quatre d’entre eux ont été conduits à l’hôpital de Kalamata en raison de symptômes d’hypothermie.

    D’après les informations délivrées par les autorités grecques, les exilés sont majoritairement originaires d’Égypte, de Syrie et du Pakistan. Selon les premières informations, le bateau aurait quitté Tobrouk, à l’est de la Libye, en direction de l’Italie, vendredi 9 juin.

    600 migrants à bord du bateau

    Le nombre de passagers présents sur le bateau n’a pas été confirmé par les autorités grecques. Mais des médias locaux parlent d’au moins 600 personnes, ce qui laisse craindre la disparition de centaines de naufragés.

    L’opération de sauvetage se poursuivait mercredi après-midi dans les eaux internationales situées au large de la ville grecque de Pylos. Elle implique six navires des garde-côtes, un avion et un hélicoptère militaires ainsi qu’un drone de Frontex, l’agence européenne de surveillance des frontières.

    https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1668913096667144193

    La Grèce a connu de nombreux naufrages d’embarcations de migrants, souvent vétustes et surchargées, mais il s’agit jusqu’ici du bilan humain le plus lourd depuis un précédent le 3 juin 2016 au cours duquel au moins 320 personnes avaient péri ou disparu.

    L’embarcation avait été repérée une première fois mardi par les garde-côtes italiens, qui ont alerté leurs homologues grecs et européens. Les migrants à bord « ont refusé toute aide », selon les autorités grecques. La plateforme d’aide aux migrants en mer, Alarm Phone, a signalé sur Twitter avoir été alertée le même jour par des exilés en détresse, non loin du lieu du naufrage.

    Selon une journaliste basée en Grèce, chaque passager avait payé 4 500 dollars (environ 4 000 euros) la traversée.

    Une année particulièrement meurtrière

    Depuis un an, on observe de plus en plus de départs de bateaux de migrants depuis l’est de la Libye. « Ce n’est pas inhabituel que des bateaux fassent cette route. Les départs depuis l’est de la Libye sont plus fréquents » depuis l’été dernier, expliquait l’an dernier à InfoMigrants Frederico Soda, chef de mission Libye auprès de l’Organisation internationale pour les migrations (OIM). Les exilés prennent désormais la mer depuis cette zone, afin d’éviter les interceptions des garde-côtes libyens, qui se concentrent à l’ouest du pays.

    Mais la traversée n’est pas sans risque. L’est de la Libye est considérablement plus éloigné de l’Italie que la partie ouest, d’où embarquent la majorité des migrants. À titre d’exemple, 1 200 km séparent les deux villes côtières de Tobrouk (à l’Est) et Tripoli (à l’Ouest), situé en-dessous de la Sicile. Un trajet démarré depuis l’est de la Libye est ainsi « beaucoup plus long », précisait encore Federico Soda.

    La route méditerranéenne reste la plus meurtrière au monde. En 2022, 2 406 migrants ont péri dans cette zone maritime, soit une augmentation de 16% sur un an, selon le dernier rapport de l’OIM. Et l’année 2023 risque d’établir un nouveau record : depuis janvier, ce sont déjà 1 166 personnes qui ont péri ou ont disparu dans ces eaux, dont 1030 en Méditerranée centrale. Un tel nombre n’avait pas été observé depuis 2017.

    https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/49667/grece--au-moins-78-morts-dans-un-naufrage-le-plus-meurtrier-de-lannee-
    #Pylos #Grèce #naufrage #asile #migrations #décès #morts #tragédie #mourir_aux_frontières #morts_aux_frontières #14_juin_2023 #Méditerranée #Mer_Méditerranée #13_juin_2023

    • Après le naufrage en Grèce, les autorités grecques et européennes sous le feu des critiques

      À la suite de l’annonce de la disparition de plusieurs centaines de personnes dans un naufrage survenu mercredi au large de la Grèce, des dirigeants européens ont fait part de leurs condoléances. Ils ont reçu de nombreuses critiques condamnant les politiques migratoires européennes.

      C’est sans doute le naufrage le plus meurtrier depuis 2013. Mercredi 14 juin, vers 2h du matin, un bateau surchargé de migrants a fait naufrage au large de Pylos, dans le sud-ouest de la Grèce. Au moins 78 personnes sont mortes dans le drame et des centaines d’autres sont toujours portées disparues. Selon les témoignages des rescapés, qui ont donné des chiffres différents, entre 400 et 750 exilés se trouvaient sur le bateau parti de Tobrouk, dans l’est de la Libye.

      À la suite de ce drame, de nombreuses personnalités politiques grecques et européennes ont exprimé leur émotion sur les réseaux sociaux. La présidente de la Commission européenne Ursula von der Leyen s’est dit « profondément attristée par la nouvelle du naufrage au large des côtes grecques et par les nombreux décès signalés ». « Nous devons continuer à travailler ensemble, avec les États membres et les pays tiers, pour éviter de telles tragédies », a-t-elle ajouté.

      Ylva Johansson, commissaire européenne aux Affaires intérieures, s’est quant à elle dit « profondément affectée par cette tragédie meurtrière au large des côtes grecques ». « Nous avons le devoir moral collectif de démanteler les réseaux criminels. La meilleure façon d’assurer la sécurité des migrants est d’empêcher ces voyages catastrophiques... », a également indiqué la responsable.

      Les messages de soutien des deux dirigeantes ont entraîné de très nombreuses critiques d’internautes. Des défenseurs des droits des migrants, avocats et journalistes ont notamment dénoncé le « cynisme » des autorités européennes, les accusant de promouvoir une politique migratoire européenne dure.

      « Vies innocentes »

      La classe politique grecque a également réagi au drame. En campagne électorale en vue des législatives du 25 juin, l’ancien Premier ministre conservateur, Kyriakos Mitsotakis, a décidé d’annuler un rassemblement électoral prévu pour la fin de journée à Patras, le grand port de cette région du Péloponnèse, a annoncé son parti Nouvelle Démocratie (ND).

      « Nous sommes tous choqués par le tragique naufrage survenu aujourd’hui dans les eaux internationales de la Méditerranée, au sud-ouest du Péloponnèse. Je suis attristé par la perte de tant de vies innocentes », a-t-il déclaré sur Twitter.

      Ce responsable politique s’est par ailleurs entretenu au téléphone avec le Premier ministre par intérim, Ioannis Sarmas. Il a également décrété trois jours de deuil dans le pays.

      Sur les réseaux sociaux, l’ancien Premier ministre n’a pas non plus été épargné par des internautes l’accusant d’hypocrisie face au drame de Pylos. Le dirigeant a mené une politique très dure envers les exilés durant ses quatre années à la tête du gouvernement. Athènes a été à de très nombreuses reprises accusée de pratiquer des refoulements illégaux de migrants en mer Égée et dans la région de l’Evros.
      Des bateaux escortés hors des SAR zones

      De nombreux membres d’organisations internationales ont également réagi au drame de Pylos. Vincent Cochetel, envoyé spécial du Haut-commissariat des nations unies aux réfugiés (HCR), en charge de la Méditerranée de l’ouest et centrale s’est dit « très attristé par cette nouvelle tragédie ». Le responsable a également confié son inquiétude « de voir ces derniers mois certains États côtiers escorter des bateaux en mauvais état en dehors de leur zone SAR pour s’assurer qu’ils atteignent d’autres zones SAR ».

      De son côté, Federico Soda, directeur du département des urgences à l’Organisation internationale pour les migrations (OIM), a plaidé pour la mise en place de « mesures concrètes pour donner la priorité à la recherche et au sauvetage » et de « voies d’accès sûres pour les migrants ».

      L’agence européenne de surveillance des frontières (Frontex) s’est, quant à elle, déclarée « profondément touchée » par le drame. Dans le même message posté sur Twitter, l’agence assure que son avion de surveillance a repéré le bateau le mardi 13 juin au matin et affirme avoir « immédiatement informé les autorités compétentes ».

      Selon les autorités portuaires grecques, un avion de surveillance de Frontex avait effectivement vu le bateau mardi mais il n’est pas intervenu car les passagers ont « refusé toute aide ».

      Les ONG actives dans l’aide aux exilés ont également fait part de leur effroi face au drame de Pylos. Interrogé par Libération, le président de SOS Méditerranée France, François Thomas, a condamné une « nouvelle tragédie insupportable ». « Il n’existe aucune solidarité européenne. Les moyens de sauvetage sont de moins en moins importants, alors que l’Europe a des moyens. Quand est-ce que tout cela va s’arrêter ? », a-t-il dénoncé.

      Médecins sans frontières (MSF), qui intervient en Méditerranée centrale avec son navire humanitaire le Geo barents , a déclaré être « attristé et choqué » par le drame survenu mercredi. L’ONG précise que ses équipes en Grèce se tiennent prêtes à intervenir pour aider autant que possible les rescapés.

      Enquête ouverte

      Enfin, le pape François, très sensible à la thématique migratoire, est « profondément consterné » par le naufrage, a rapporté jeudi le Vatican dans un communiqué.

      « Sa sainteté le pape François envoie ses prières sincères pour les nombreux migrants qui sont morts, leurs proches et tous ceux qui ont été traumatisés par cette tragédie », peut-on lire dans un télégramme signé par le N.2 du Saint-Siège, le cardinal Pietro Parolin, et publié par le Vatican.

      Les opérations de secours se poursuivaient jeudi matin pour tenter de retrouver des survivants. Des moyens aériens et maritimes sont déployés mais les espoirs s’amenuisent à mesure que le temps passe. Jusqu’à présent, 104 personnes ont pu être secourues mais Athènes redoute que des centaines d’autres ne soient portées disparues, d’après les témoignages des survivants.

      Une enquête a été ouverte par la justice grecque sur le sauvetage de l’embarcation. La Cour suprême grecque a également ordonné une enquête pour définir les causes du drame qui a choqué le pays.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/49698/apres-le-naufrage-en-grece-les-autorites-grecques-et-europeennes-sous-

    • “They are urgently asking for help”: the SOS that was ignored

      The Hellenic Coast Guard attributed its failure to proceed to a rescue mission of the migrants before their trawler sunk to their refusal to receive assistance. International law experts, as well as active and former Coast Guard officials, refute the argument. And emails sent by the Alarm Phone group to authorities which are in Solomon’s possession, prove that the passengers of the vessel had sent out an SOS – one that was ignored.

      The first recovered bodies of the people who lost their lives 80 km southwest of Pylos between the 13th and 14th of June are transferred to the cemetery of Schisto. At least 78 dead and hundreds remain missing. 104 people have been rescued so far, while the search for survivors continues.

      But critical questions about possible mishandling by the Hellenic Coast Guard of the tragedy that led to the deadliest shipwreck recorded in recent years in the Mediterranean remain.

      The same goes for the responsibilities of Greece and Europe, whose policies have diverted asylum seekers to the deadly Calabria route, which bypasses Greece (for obvious reasons), while also failing to establish legal and safe routes.
      “Denied assistance“

      In the briefings and timeline of the events leading up to the tragedy, the HCG attributes the failure to rescue the migrants before the sinking of the fishing boat to their repeated “refusal to receive assistance” in their communications with the vessel.

      The HCG had been aware of the vessel since the early morning hours of Tuesday, 13/6, and was, according to its own log, in contact with the vessel from as early as 14:00 local time. But no rescue action was undertaken, because “the trawler did not request any assistance from the Coast Guard or Greece,” the HCG reported.

      The same argument is repeated at 18:00: “Repeatedly the fishing boat was asked by the merchant ship if it required additional assistance, was in danger or wanted anything else from Greece. They replied, “we want nothing more than to continue to Italy”.

      But does this absolve the Coast Guard of responsibility?

      International law experts as well as former and active members of the Coast Guard question the legal and humanitarian basis of this argument, even if there was indeed a “refusal of assistance”. And they point out to Solomon that the rescue operation should have begun immediately upon detection of the fishing vessel. For the following reasons, among others:

      - The vessel was obviously overloaded and unseaworthy, with the lives of the peopled on board, who did not even have life-saving equipment, being in constant danger.

      – Accepting a denial of rescue or other intervention by the HCG could make sense only if the vessel carried a state flag, had proper documents, had a proper captain and was safe. None of these applies in the case of the sunk trawler.

      - Coast Guard officials had to objectively assess the situation and take the necessary actions regardless of how the passengers of the trawler – or, to be precise, whoever the Coast Guard was in contact with- themselves assessed their own situation.

      - The fishing vessel was undoubtedly in a state of distress that mandated its rescue at the latest from the moment the Coast Guard received, through Alarm Phone, an SOS message, which was transmitted to the group by the passengers. This SOS call is not mentioned anywhere in the Coast Guard’s communications.

      Proof the Coast Guard knew of the danger

      In its own chronology of events, Watch the Med-Alarm Phone says it contacted the authorities at 17:53 local GR time.

      The email to the competent authorities, which is available to Solomon, indicates the coordinates where the overloaded vessel was located. It states that there are 750 people on board, including many women and children, and includes a telephone number for contacting the passengers themselves.

      “They are urgently asking for help,” the email reads.

      From this message, it follows also that FRONTEX, the HQ of the Greek Police and the Ministry of Citizen Protection, as well as the Coast Guard in Kalamata, were also informed.

      The message was also communicated to the UNCHR in Greece and Turkey, to NATO, as well as to Greece’s Ombudsman.

      Listen to the interview given to Solomon by Maro, an Alarm Phone member:

      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bV4SptggF2U&embeds_referring_euri=https%3A%2F%2Fwearesolomon.com%2F

      Solomon contacted the Hellenic Coast Guard, asking detailed questions: why was there no rescue operation after the migrants’ distress signal via Alarm Phone? Does a refusal to rescue exculpate the HCG? Why was the vessel (for security and identification purposes) not even checked, given it was not flying a flag? Why was the operation launched only after the vessel sank?

      A spokesman for the HCG did not answer the specific questions but instead referred to the Coast Guard’s press release.

      Solomon also contacted UNHCR, which confirmed receipt of the email.

      “Our Office was indeed notified yesterday (ed. note: 13/06) afternoon in correspondence received from Watch The Med – Alarm Phone, which referred to a vessel in distress southwest of the Peloponnese with a large number of passengers. We immediately informed the competent Greek authorities requesting urgent information about the coordination of a search and rescue operation to bring the people to safety”.

      “Please be informed that Frontex has immediately relayed the message to the Greek authorities,” Frontex responded to Alarm Phone’s message, in an email seen by Solomon.

      “Duty of rescue, not stand by and watch”

      The Coast Guard had to treat the incident as a vessel in distress from the very first moment and take all measures to rescue the people, explains Nora Markard, Professor of International Public Law and International Human Rights at the University of Münster.

      “As soon as the distress call was received via Alarm Phone, there was clearly distress. But when a ship is so evidently overloaded, it is in distress as soon as it leaves port, because it is unseaworthy. Even if the ship is still moving. And when there is distress, there is a duty to rescue, not to stand by and watch.

      International law defines distress as a situation where there is a reasonable certainty that a vessel or a person is threatened by grave and imminent danger and requires immediate assistance.

      “That requires an objective assessment. If a captain completely misjudges the situation and says the ship is fine, the ship is still in distress if the passengers are in grave danger by the condition of the ship,” Dr. Markard explains.

      International law unambiguously states that, on receiving information ‘from any source’ that persons are in distress at sea, the master of a ship that is in a position to render assistance must ‘proceed with all speed to their assistance’.

      In this particular case, the fishing vessel was not flying a flag, so the incident does not even fall under the category of respect for the sovereignty of the flag state.

      “When a ship doesn’t fly a flag at all, as it appears to be the case here, the law of the sea gives other states a right to visit the ship. This includes the right to board the ship to check it out,” says Markard.

      Apart from the distress call itself, the Hellenic Coast Guard, therefore, had the additional authority to examine the situation.

      “All ships and authorities alerted of the distress have an obligation to rescue, even if the ship in distress is not in their territorial waters but at high sea. Search and rescue zones often include waters that belong to the high sea,” explains Markard.

      “If the distress occurs in a state’s search and rescue zone, that state also has an obligation to coordinate the rescue. For example, it can requisition merchant ships to render assistance.”
      Coast Guard officer: “This was the definition of a vessel in distress”

      A former senior officer of the Greek Coast Guard with vast relevant experience seconds this and raises additional questions.

      Speaking to Solomon on condition of anonymity, he explained that the vessel was manifestly unseaworthy and the people on board in danger. Even a refusal to accept assistance was not a reason to leave it to its fate.

      The same official also points out there were delays in the response of the HCG (“valuable time was lost”) and an inadequate force of assets. He confirmed that refusal of assistance would only make sense in the case of a legal, documented, seaworthy and flagged vessel. “This was the definition of a vessel in distress”.

      Similar statements regarding the claims of the Greek Coast Guard were made by retired admiral of the Coast Guard and international expert, Nikos Spanos, to Greece’s public broadcaster ERT:

      “It’s like saying I can just watch you drown and do nothing. We don’t ask the crew on a boat in distress if they need help. They absolutely need help, from the moment the boat is adrift.”

      https://wearesolomon.com/mag/focus-area/migration/they-are-urgently-asking-for-help-the-sos-that-was-ignored

    • Chi c’era a bordo della barca naufragata al largo della Grecia

      Moshin Shazad, 32 anni, era un uomo con l’espressione seria, due figli piccoli, la moglie e la madre da mantenere. Per questo aveva deciso di partire da Lalamusa, una città nel Punjab, in Pakistan. Non riusciva a trovare un lavoro stabile e le bocche da sfamare erano diventate troppe, dopo la nascita del secondo figlio. Voleva raggiungere il cugino, Waheed Ali, che dal 2019 vive in Norvegia.

      È partito con altri quattro ragazzi, quattro amici, tra cui Abdul Khaliq e Sami Ullah. Ha telefonato al cugino poco dopo essere salito sul peschereccio stracarico che è partito da Tobruk, in Libia, ed è naufragato il 14 giugno, a 47 miglia da Pylos, in Grecia. “Diceva che sarebbe arrivato in Italia”, racconta Waheed Ali, che ora sta cercando il cugino tra i 108 sopravvissuti, di cui molti sono stati sistemati in un magazzino abbandonato di Kalamata, in Grecia, mentre una trentina sono stati trasferiti in ospedale. Molti erano in ipotermia. Ma Shazad potrebbe anche essere tra i dispersi.

      Shawq Muhammad al Ghazali, 22 anni, era uno studente originario di Daraa, in Siria, ed era rifugiato in Giordania, dove al momento vivono la sua famiglia e suo zio Ibhraim al Ghazali. Il ragazzo era partito da Amman per la Libia, e da lì, da Tobruk, si era imbarcato per raggiungere l’Europa. “Non ho sue notizie dall’8 giugno, il giorno della partenza dalla Libia”, dice lo zio. Secondo molti familiari, le autorità greche non stanno aiutando le famiglie ad avere notizie dei parenti o a capire se sono tra i vivi o tra i dispersi.

      I superstiti sono per lo più siriani (47) ed egiziani (43), poi ci sono dodici pachistani e due palestinesi, secondo le autorità greche. Tutti uomini. “Non riesco a sapere se è sopravvissuto, sono io che sto dando notizie alla famiglia in Pakistan, ma sono disperato, non riesco a capire e a sapere nulla. Del naufragio ho saputo dalla televisione”, afferma Waheed Ali.

      L’imbarcazione su cui viaggiavano Moshin Shazad e gli altri era partita da Tobruk l’8 giugno, era diretta in Italia, lungo una rotta da cui sono arrivati nel 2023 la metà dei migranti partiti dalla Libia.

      “Secondo le prime testimonianze sarebbe corretta la stima di 700-750 persone a bordo, tra cui almeno quaranta bambini, che probabilmente erano nella stiva. Se questi numeri fossero confermati, si tratterebbe del secondo naufragio più grave avvenuto nel Mediterraneo dopo quello dell’aprile 2015”, racconta Flavio Di Giacomo, dell’Organizzazione internazionale per le migrazioni (Oim). Settantotto corpi sono stati recuperati finora in mare al largo della penisola del Peloponneso. Ma l’Oim ha affermato di “temere che altre centinaia di persone” siano annegate. Il portavoce della guardia costiera greca Nikos Alexiou ha detto che l’imbarcazione è naufragata, dopo che le persone si sono spostate bruscamente su un lato. L’imbarcazione è affondata in quindici minuti.

      Frontex li aveva avvistati
      Secondo le autorità greche, un aereo di sorveglianza dell’agenzia europea Frontex aveva avvistato la barca il 13 giugno. In un comunicato Frontex ha confermato di avere visto l’imbarcazione in mattinata, alle 9.47 del giorno precedente al naufragio e di averlo comunicato alle autorità preposte al soccorso, cioè alla guardia costiera greca. Anche la guardia costiera italiana e due mercantili avevano segnalato alle autorità greche l’imbarcazione in difficoltà. Ma secondo la guardia costiera greca, i passeggeri dell’imbarcazione “hanno rifiutato qualsiasi aiuto”, perché i migranti si stavano dirigendo verso l’Italia.

      “Nel pomeriggio, una nave mercantile si è avvicinata alla barca e le ha fornito cibo e rifornimenti, mentre i (passeggeri) hanno rifiutato ogni ulteriore assistenza”, ha detto la guardia costiera greca in un comunicato. Una seconda nave mercantile in seguito ha offerto più rifornimenti e assistenza. Ma anche questa volta sono stati rifiutati, secondo i greci.

      In serata, una motovedetta della guardia costiera ha raggiunto la nave “e ha confermato la presenza di un gran numero di migranti sul ponte”, è scritto nel comunicato delle autorità greche. “Ma hanno rifiutato qualsiasi assistenza e hanno detto che volevano continuare in Italia”. Tuttavia le leggi internazionali sul soccorso in mare avrebbero imposto in ogni caso ai greci di intervenire per le condizioni in cui l’imbarcazione stava navigando. Diverse testimonianze contestano la versione delle autorità greche.

      Il motore della barca si è rotto poco prima delle 23 (gmt) del 13 giugno, da quel momento la barca è andata alla deriva. I naufraghi hanno chiesto aiuto, telefonando alla rete di volontari Alarmphone, già dal 13 giugno, dicendo di avere contattato anche “la polizia”. L’attivista Nawal Soufi, che vive in Italia, ha raccontato che i migranti con cui era in contatto telefonico le hanno detto che alcune imbarcazioni si sono avvicinate, distribuendo delle bottigliette di acqua.

      “Il 13 giugno 2023, nelle prime ore del mattino, i migranti a bordo di una barca carica di 750 persone mi hanno contattata comunicandomi la loro difficile situazione. Dopo cinque giorni di viaggio, l’acqua era finita, il conducente dell’imbarcazione li aveva abbandonati in mare aperto e c’erano anche sei cadaveri a bordo. Non sapevano esattamente dove si trovassero, ma grazie alla posizione istantanea del telefono Turaya (telefono satellitare, ndr), ho potuto ottenere la loro posizione esatta e ho allertato le autorità competenti”, scrive Soufi, condividendo la sua ricostruzione su Facebook.

      “La situazione si è complicata quando una nave si è avvicinata all’imbarcazione, legandola con delle corde su due punti della barca e iniziando a buttare bottiglie d’acqua. I migranti si sono sentiti in forte pericolo, poiché temevano che le corde potessero far capovolgere la barca e che le risse a bordo per ottenere l’acqua potessero causare il naufragio. Per questo motivo, si sono leggermente allontanati dalla nave per evitare un naufragio sicuro”, continua l’attivista nel suo post.

      “Durante la notte, la situazione a bordo dell’imbarcazione è diventata ancora più drammatica. Io sono rimasta in contatto con loro fino alle 23 ore greche, cercando di rassicurarli e di aiutarli a trovare una soluzione”. Fino all’ultima chiamata in cui “l’uomo con cui parlavo mi ha espressamente detto: ‘Sento che questa sarà la nostra ultima notte in vita’”, conclude. Il parlamentare greco Kriton Arsenis, che ha parlato con i sopravvissuti a Kalamata, ha confermato la versione dell’attivista Soufi e ha dichiarato che l’imbarcazione si è ribaltata dopo essere stata trainata con delle corde dai greci. Secondo Arsenis, i greci volevano spingere l’imbarcazione di migranti nelle acque di ricerca e soccorso italiane.

      https://www.internazionale.it/notizie/annalisa-camilli/2023/06/15/naufragio-grecia
      #Frontex

    • Grecia, strage di Pylos. «Nessuna pace per gli assassini»

      Mentre il mare inghiotte i corpi e lo Stato rinchiude i sopravvissuti si riempiono le strade delle città greche

      Da tempo, definiamo la politica migratoria europea “necropolitica”, ovvero – seguendo Achille Mbembe – una politica che crea le condizioni strutturali per produrre la morte di un gruppo di persone.

      Un’architettura di morte, che vediamo ogni giorno nel regime europeo del confine, sempre più legale, sofisticata, diffusa. Ci accorgiamo ora che ci hanno tolto anche la morte, nel senso che personalmente e collettivamente – noi “vivi” – le diamo, facendo esperienza di quella degli altri, vicini e lontani. Ci hanno tolto anche la morte perché hanno tolto il lutto a chi ha perso una persona cara, la possibilità di piangere un corpo morto, la possibilità di conoscerne il nome, di sapere chi, dove, quando, quanti.

      Probabilmente non sapremo mai quante persone sono affogate nella strage avvenuta tra martedì 13 e mercoledì 14 giugno ad 80 chilometri al largo del porto di Pylos. Gli stessi migranti, al telefono con l’attivista Nawal Soufi, parlavano di 750 persone a bordo, di cui molti bambini. La Guardia costiera ellenica dice 646. Le foto e le informazioni disponibili fino ad ora confermano quest’ordine di grandezza, ma le cifre sono destinate a rimanere indicative. Il naufragio è avvenuto nella zona con il mare più profondo di tutto il Mediterraneo: circa 60 km a sud-ovest di Pylos si trova la Fossa di Calipso, una depressione che supera i 5.000 metri di profondità. Gli esperti dicono che il recupero dei corpi sarà quindi particolarmente difficoltoso, il mare li inghiottirà per sempre. Ad oggi, sono solo 104 i superstiti, difficilmente questo numero aumenterà.

      Oltre la produzione della morte si situa forse l’annullamento, l’annientamento della persona (della vita). Sono parole che, chiaramente, richiamano il nazismo. Non sapere chi, non sapere quanti, non poter riavere i corpi – massivamente e sistematicamente – è qualcosa che, credo, si avvicina all’annientamento.

      I dettagli che iniziano a trapelare dipingono un quadro dei fatti che non solo seppellisce ogni retorica della “tragica fatalità”, ma svela le responsabilità dirette della HCG (Hellenic Coast Guard) nel causare il “capovolgimento” della barca. Come ricostruito dall’attivista Iasonas Apostolopoulos, sulla base delle dichiarazioni del parlamentare Kriton Arsenis, che ha potuto parlare con i sopravvissuti a Kalamata, la HCG avrebbe legato il peschereccio con delle corde e provato a trascinarlo. Sarebbe stato proprio questo tentativo di rimorchio a far ribaltare la barca. Queste ricostruzioni si allineano con i primi racconti di Nawal Soufi.

      https://twitter.com/ABoatReport/status/1669301668259741696/history

      Evidentemente, la differenza – se esiste – tra uccidere e lasciar morire sfuma: non è “solo” indifferenza complice, non è “semplicemente” girarsi dall’altra parte. L’omissione di soccorso è la punta dell’iceberg di un sistema complesso – quello dei confini europei – progettato per annientare la vita. Sistema di cui la guardia costiera è solo un tassello. Non è l’Europa che finge di non vedere, è l’Europa che, strutturalmente, con delle politiche precise e radicate nel tempo, produce morte.

      La versione ufficiale della HCG descrive invece il capovolgimento come frutto di una maldestra manovra – in mare piatto – del peschereccio stesso. Dall’altra parte, puntano tutto sulla colpevolizzazione delle vittime: “Ripetevano costantemente di voler salpare per l’Italia e di non volere alcun aiuto dalla Grecia”, si ribadisce ossessivamente nel comunicato. Ma è assodato che questo improbabile “non volevano essere aiutati”, secondo il diritto del mare, non giustifica il mancato soccorso, come chiarito dall’ordine degli avvocati di Kalamata – che si è offerto di supportare gratuitamente i sopravvissuti. Così come è assodato che la HCG sapeva tutto dalla mattina di martedì 13 giugno, alla luce dell’avvistamento da parte del velivolo di Frontex e degli SOS diffusi da Alarm Phone – pubblicati da wearesolomon – e inoltrati anche ad UNCHR, NATO, e al difensore civico greco.

      Ma non lasciamo non detti: probabilmente l’HCG voleva trascinare il peschereccio in zona SAR maltese o italiana. Questa volontà è stata più forte di quella di salvare 750 vite umane in evidente pericolo. Forse anche per questo, ai giornalisti è stato impedito di parlare con i sopravvissuti. Dopo delle pressioni, è stato permesso solo ai parlamentari.

      Come da copione, nove di loro, egiziani, sono stati arrestati accusati di traffico di esseri umani ed omicidio 1, mentre la maggior parte (71 persone) è stata trasferita nel campo di Malakasa 2, nel “centro di accoglienza e identificazione”: una struttura chiusa, controllata, isolata, priva di supporto psicologico e assistenza medica adeguata. Sono siriani, egiziani, pakistani e palestinesi. Non devono poter raccontare, devono capire che non c’è pietà, che nulla gli sarà concesso.

      Nel porto di Kalamata, sembra di rivivere i giorni di Cutro: arrivano i familiari da tutta Europa e non solo. Alcuni trovano i propri cari, molti non li troveranno. Nessun aiuto da parte dello Stato, nessuna informazione, dicono. Non c’è pace per i vivi, non c’è pace per i morti. Finora sono stati recuperati ed identificati 78 corpi, saranno trasportati con dei camion frigorifero al cimitero di Schisto.

      Intanto, si riempiono le strade della Grecia. Dal porto di Pylos ad Atene, Salonicco, Patrasso, Karditsa, Kalamata, migliaia di persone si sono messe in marcia. Ad Atene, giovedì sera, una marea umana si è scontrata con i soliti gangster in divisa.

      La risposta dello Stato è sempre la stessa, anche con i solidali. Sono piazze commosse ma piene di rabbia. Una rabbia degna. Puntano chiaramente il dito verso gli assassini: non solo la guardia costiera, ma lo Stato greco, l’Unione Europea, Frontex, questo sistema coloniale e razzista.

      Domenica 18 giugno nel pomeriggio un altro corteo, chiamato dalla Open Assembly Against Pushbacks and Border Violence, si muoverà dal Pireo verso gli uffici di Frontex: l’agenzia europea non potrà giocare la parte dei “buoni” che avevano segnalato per tempo la barca in pericolo.

      Dalle strade, si leva una promessa: non dimentichiamo, non perdoniamo.

    • Did migrants reject help before deadly Greek wreck, or beg for it? Coast guard, activists disagree

      This undated handout image provided by Greece’s coast guard on Wednesday, June14, 2023, shows scores of people covering practically every free stretch of deck on a battered fishing boat that later capsized and sank off southern Greece. A fishing boat carrying migrants trying to reach Europe capsized and sank off Greece on Wednesday, authorities said, leaving at least 79 dead and many more missing in one of the worst disasters of its kind this year.(Hellenic Coast Guard via AP)
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      This undated handout image provided by Greece’s coast guard on Wednesday, June14, 2023, shows scores of people covering practically every free stretch of deck on a battered fishing boat that later capsized and sank off southern Greece. A fishing boat carrying migrants trying to reach Europe capsized and sank off Greece on Wednesday, authorities said, leaving at least 79 dead and many more missing in one of the worst disasters of its kind this year.(Hellenic Coast Guard via AP)

      This much is clear: On June 9, an old steel fishing trawler left eastern Libya for Italy, carrying far too many people.

      As many as 750 men, women and children from Syria, Egypt, the Palestinian territories and Pakistan were on board, fleeing hopelessness in their home countries and trying to reach relatives in Europe.

      Five days later, the trawler sank off the coast of Greece in one of the deepest parts of the Mediterranean Sea. Only 104 people, all men, survived. The remains of 78 people were recovered.

      There are still more questions than answers about what led up to one of the worst shipwrecks in recent Mediterranean history.

      Activists, migration experts and opposition politicians have criticized Greek authorities for not acting earlier to rescue the migrants, even though a coast guard vessel escorted the trawler for hours and watched helplessly as it sank.

      Below is a timeline of events based on reports from Greek authorities, a commercial ship, and activists who said they were in touch with passengers. They describe sequences of events that at times converge, but also differ in key ways.

      The Greek Coast Guard said that the overcrowded trawler was moving steadily toward Italy, refusing almost all assistance, until minutes before it sank. This is in part supported by the account of a merchant tanker that was nearby.

      But activists said that people on board were in danger and made repeated pleas for help more than 15 hours before the vessel sank.

      International maritime law and coast guard experts said that conditions on the trawler clearly showed it was at risk, and should have prompted an immediate rescue operation, regardless of what people on board may have said.

      Much of these accounts could not immediately be independently verified.

      Missing from this timeline is the testimony of survivors, who have been transferred to a closed camp and kept away from journalists.

      All times are given in Greece’s time zone.

      FIRST CONTACT

      Around 11 a.m. on Tuesday, Italian authorities informed Greece that a fishing trawler packed with migrants was in international waters southwest of the Peloponnese. Greece said the Italian authorities were alerted by an activist.

      Around the same time, human rights activist Nawal Soufi wrote on social media that she had been contacted by a woman on a boat that had left Libya four days earlier.

      The migrants had run out of water, Soufi wrote, and shared GPS coordinates through a satellite phone showing they were approximately 100 km (62 miles) from Greece.

      “Dramatic situation on board. They need immediate rescue,” she wrote Tuesday morning.

      Over the course of the day, Soufi described some 20 calls with people on the trawler in a series of social media posts and a later audio recording. The Associated Press could not reach Soufi.

      A surveillance aircraft from the European Border and Coast Guard Agency Frontex spotted the overcrowded trawler at 11:47 p.m. and notified Greek authorities, the agency told AP. On Saturday, Frontex told AP its plane had to leave the scene after 10 minutes due to a fuel shortage but that it had also shared with Greece details and photos of the “heavily overcrowded” trawler.

      DIFFERING ACCOUNTS OF CONDITIONS ON BOARD

      At 2 p.m., Greek authorities established contact with someone on the trawler. The vessel “did not request any assistance from the Coast Guard or from Greece,” according to a statement.

      But activists said that people on the boat were already in desperate need by Tuesday afternoon.

      At 3:11 p.m., Soufi wrote, passengers told her that seven people were unconscious.

      Around the same time, Alarm Phone, a network of activists with no connection to Soufi who run a hotline for migrants in need of rescue, said they received a call from a person on the trawler.

      “They say they cannot survive the night, that they are in heavy distress,” Alarm Phone wrote.

      At 3:35 p.m., a Greek Coast Guard helicopter located the trawler. An aerial photo released showed it packed, with people covering almost every inch of the deck.

      From then until 9 p.m., Greek authorities said, they were in contact with people on the trawler via satellite phone, radio, and shouted conversations conducted by merchant vessels and a Coast Guard boat that arrived at night. They added that people on the trawler repeatedly said they wanted to continue to Italy and refused rescue.

      MERCHANT SHIPS BRING SUPPLIES

      At 5:10 p.m., Greek authorities asked a Maltese-flagged tanker called the Lucky Sailor to bring the trawler food and water.

      According to the company that manages the Lucky Sailor, people on the trawler “were very hesitant to receive any assistance,” and shouted that “they want to go to Italy.” Eventually, Eastern Mediterranean Maritime Limited wrote in a statement, the trawler was persuaded to accept supplies.

      Around 6 p.m., a Greek Coast Guard helicopter reported that the trawler was “sailing on a steady course and heading.”

      But at 6:20 p.m., Alarm Phone said that people on board reported that they were not moving, and that the “captain” had abandoned the trawler in a small boat.

      “Please any solution,” someone on board told Alarm Phone.

      The Greek authorities’ account suggested the trawler stopped around that time to receive supplies from the Lucky Sailor.

      At 6:55 p.m., Soufi wrote, migrants on board told her that six people had died and another two were very sick. No other account so far has mentioned deaths prior to the shipwreck, and the AP has not been able to verify this.

      Around 9 p.m., Greek authorities asked a second, Greek-flagged, merchant vessel to deliver water, and allowed the Lucky Sailor to leave.

      Then, at around 10:40 p.m., a Coast Guard boat from Crete reached the trawler, and remained nearby until it sank. According to the Coast Guard, the vessel “discreetly observed” the trawler from a distance. Once again, the Coast Guard said, the trawler did not appear to have any problems and was moving “at a steady course and speed.”

      THE FINAL HOURS

      According to Soufi’s account, attempts to deliver supplies may have contributed to the trawler’s troubles.

      Shortly after 11 p.m., she wrote that the trawler began rocking as its passengers tried to catch water bottles from another vessel. According to people on board, ropes were tied to the ship, destabilizing it and causing a “state of panic,” she said.

      The report from the Lucky Sailor said no lines were tied to the trawler, and supplies were delivered in watertight barrels tied to a rope.

      “Those on board the boat caught the line and pulled,” the company managing the Lucky Sailor told the AP.

      The other merchant vessel did not immediately reply to the AP’s questions.

      A spokesman for the Greek Coast Guard said late Friday that its vessel had briefly attached a light rope to the trawler at around 11 p.m. He stressed that none of the vessels had attempted to tow the trawler.

      Commander Nikos Alexiou told Greek channel Ant1 TV that the Coast Guard wanted to check on the trawler’s condition, but people on board again refused help and untied the rope before continuing course.

      Soufi’s last contact with the trawler was at 11 p.m. She said later in a voice memo that “they never expressed the will to continue sailing to Italy,” or refused assistance from Greece. “They were in danger and needed help.”

      THE WRECK

      According to authorities, the trawler kept moving until 1:40 a.m. Wednesday, when its engine stopped. The Coast Guard vessel then got closer to “determine the problem.”

      A few minutes later, Alarm Phone had a final exchange with people on the trawler. The activists were able to make out only: “Hello my friend … The ship you send is …” before the call cut off.

      At 2:04 a.m., more than 15 hours after Greek authorities first heard of the case, the Coast Guard reported that the trawler began rocking violently from side to side, and then capsized.

      People on deck were thrown into the sea, while others held onto the boat as it flipped. Many others, including women and children, were trapped below deck.

      Fifteen minutes later, the trawler vanished underwater.

      In the darkness of night, 104 people were rescued, and brought to shore on the Mayan Queen IV, a luxury yacht that was sailing in the vicinity of the shipwreck. Greek authorities retrieved 78 bodies. No other people have been found since Wednesday.

      As many as 500 people are missing.

      https://apnews.com/article/migrants-shipwreck-rescue-greece-coast-guard-c160027a00d1ad2f859b97e3e8e7643

    • Après le naufrage, des survivants dénoncent les gardes-côtes grecs et Frontex

      La version officielle grecque sur l’un des pires naufrages en Méditerranée est mise à mal par les témoignages de survivants. Le rôle de Frontex, l’agence européenne chargée des frontières extérieures, est également pointé du doigt. Une enquête a été ouverte.

      Plus de quatre jours après le naufrage d’un bateau de pêche en provenance de Libye, où s’étaient embarquées jusqu’à 750 personnes – notamment des ressortissantes et ressortissants égyptiens, syriens et pakistanais –, l’espoir est mince de retrouver des survivant·es au large des côtes sud de la Grèce.

      Les questions sont nombreuses en particulier sur l’action des gardes-côtes grecs, accusés par certains témoignages d’avoir provoqué l’accident. La Cour suprême grecque a ordonné une enquête sur les circonstances du drame, l’un des pires naufrages en Méditerranée avec des centaines de morts. Pour l’heure, 104 personnes ont été rescapées et 78 corps récupérés.

      Jeudi après-midi, Kriton Arsenis, ancien eurodéputé, a rencontré des survivants dans le port de Kalamata, sur la péninsule du Péloponnèse, en tant que membre de la délégation de Mera25, le parti de Yánis Varoufákis. « Les réfugiés nous ont dit que l’embarcation a chaviré pendant qu’elle était tirée par le bateau des gardes-côtes », a-t-il raconté.

      « Les survivants nous disent que le bateau a basculé alors qu’il faisait l’objet d’une manœuvre où il était tiré par les gardes-côtes helléniques, a déclaré de son côté Vincent Cochetel, envoyé spécial du Haut Commissariat aux réfugiés pour la Méditerranée occidentale et centrale. Ils nous disent qu’il était tiré non pas vers les côtes grecques, mais en dehors de la zone de secours en mer grecque. »

      Ces témoignages vont à l’encontre de la version officielle, qui, jusqu’à vendredi, expliquait que les gardes-côtes n’étaient pas intervenus.

      La Grèce est régulièrement accusée de refouler des migrant·es en mer, provoquant la crainte, derrière une aide supposée, d’être en réalité éloigné·es du territoire – une pratique illégale au regard du droit international maritime et de la Convention de Genève, qui doivent permettre à toute personne en situation de détresse d’être secourue et acheminée vers un port dit « sûr » et de pouvoir, si elle le souhaite, déposer une demande d’asile dans le pays qu’elle tentait de rallier.

      En mai dernier, des révélations du New York Times ont mis en lumière cette pratique, grâce à une vidéo d’un « push-back » prise sur le fait. Mediapart avait documenté un cas semblable en 2022, qui avait provoqué la mort de deux demandeurs d’asile.
      Le patron de Frontex sur place

      Le rôle de Frontex, l’agence européenne chargée des frontières extérieures, est également mis en question, car selon les autorités portuaires grecques, un avion de surveillance de Frontex avait repéré le bateau mardi après-midi mais les secours ne sont pas intervenus car les passagers ont « refusé toute aide ». Son patron Hans Leijtens s’est rendu à Kalamata pour établir les faits et « mieux comprendre ce qui s’est passé car Frontex a joué un rôle » dans ce naufrage « horrible ».

      « On ne demande pas aux personnes à bord d’un bateau à la dérive s’ils veulent de l’aide […], il aurait fallu une aide immédiate », a affirmé pour sa part à la télévision grecque ERT Nikos Spanos, expert international des incidents maritimes. D’après Alexis Tsipras, le chef de l’opposition grecque de gauche, qui s’est entretenu avec des rescapés, « il y a eu un appel à l’aide ».

      Le HCR et l’Organisation internationale pour les migrations (OIM), deux agences des Nations unies, se sont félicités des enquêtes « qui ont été ordonnées en Grèce sur les circonstances qui ont conduit au chavirement du bateau et à la perte de tant de vies », tout en rappelant que « le devoir de secourir sans délai les personnes en détresse en mer est une règle fondamentale du droit maritime international ».

      Le HCR et l’OIM ont rappelé vendredi que depuis le début de l’année, au moins 72 778 migrants sont arrivés en Europe (dont 54 205 en Italie), par les routes migratoires en Méditerranée orientale, centrale, et occidentale ou par le nord-ouest de l’Afrique. Dans le même temps, au moins 1 037 migrants sont morts ou portés disparus.

      Neuf Égyptiens ont été arrêtés dans le port de Kalamata. Ils sont âgés de 20 à 40 ans et soupçonnés de « trafic illégal » d’êtres humains. Parmi les suspects, qui devraient comparaître lundi devant le juge d’instruction, figure le capitaine de l’embarcation qui a chaviré, d’après une source portuaire à l’AFP.

      Areti Glezou, travailleuse sociale au sein de l’ONG grecque Thalpo était en première ligne aux côtés des rescapés. Manifestement choquée, elle se souviendra longtemps de certains détails à glacer le sang. « Un homme me racontait qu’il a nagé pendant deux heures au côté de corps d’enfants avant d’être secouru. » Elle s’arrête, reprend son souffle et, les larmes aux yeux, elle poursuit : « Oui, ça, ils me l’ont tous dit, les cales étaient remplies de femmes et d’enfants. » Aucun n’aura été retrouvé vivant.

      Plus de 120 Syriens se trouvaient à bord et un grand nombre d’entre eux sont portés disparus, ont indiqué vendredi à l’AFP des membres de leurs familles et des militants locaux. La plupart sont originaires de la province instable de Deraa dans le sud du pays. Berceau du soulèvement antirégime déclenché en 2011, elle est revenue sous le contrôle des forces gouvernementales en juillet 2018. Plusieurs d’entre eux ont gagné la Libye, d’où était parti le bateau, en transitant par des pays voisins comme le Liban, la Jordanie ou encore l’Arabie saoudite.

      Vendredi matin, on a cependant vu des larmes de joie sur le port de Kalamata. Des deux côtés des barrières qui entourent le hangar où logent les rescapés, deux frères se sont aperçus. Fardi a retrouvé Mohamed vivant. Le grand a retrouvé le petit. Autour d’eux les sourires fleurissent sur les visages. Pour quelques brefs instants, journalistes, humanitaires et hommes en uniformes redeviennent d’abord des êtres humains. Comme un rayon de lumière qui illumine soudain un océan de tristesse.

      Une demi-heure plus tard, des bus viennent chercher les rescapés pour les emmener au camp de Malakasa dans la région d’Athènes. Le hangar est désormais vide.

      https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/international/170623/apres-le-naufrage-des-survivants-denoncent-les-gardes-cotes-grecs-et-front

    • Naufrage de migrants en Méditerranée : ce que l’on sait sur les responsabilités des garde-côtes grecs

      Depuis le naufrage dramatique qui a fait 78 morts et possiblement plusieurs centaines d’autres mercredi 14 juin, les critiques ciblent l’absence d’intervention préalable des gardes-côtes grecs. Ces derniers rejettent la faute sur les passagers du navire.

      Le naufrage d’un bateau de migrants mercredi 14 juin avec des centaines de personnes à bord, au large de la Grèce, a soulevé de nombreuses questions sur les responsabilités des autorités. Voici ce que l’on sait depuis que ce chalutier vétuste a chaviré et coulé dans les eaux internationales, faisant au moins 78 morts.
      L’opération de sauvetage

      Les garde-côtes grecs ont affirmé mercredi matin « avoir été prévenus mardi par les autorités italiennes concernant un bateau avec à bord un grand nombre d’étrangers ». Des patrouilleurs grecs ont été mobilisés pour le repérer. « C’est un appareil aérien de Frontex [la décriée agence européenne de gardes-frontières, ndlr] qui a le premier repéré le bateau mardi après-midi, puis deux bateaux qui naviguaient dans la zone », selon les garde-côtes.

      Nawal Soufi, une bénévole travaillant pour la ligne téléphonique d’assistance à des migrants en danger Alarm Phone, assure sur son compte Facebook avoir reçu un SOS d’un bateau avec 750 personnes à bord en provenance de Libye.

      A 22 h 40 mardi, le chalutier notifie une panne du moteur. Le patrouilleur à proximité « a immédiatement tenté d’approcher le chalutier pour déterminer le problème », ont noté les garde-côtes. Vingt-quatre minutes plus tard, le patron du patrouilleur a annoncé par radio que le bateau avait chaviré. Il a coulé en quinze minutes.
      La défausse grecque contre les migrants

      Selon les garde-côtes grecs, « il n’y a pas eu de demande d’aide » des personnes à bord du bateau de pêche. « Après de nombreux appels du centre opérationnel des garde-côtes grecs pour les secourir, la réponse du bateau de pêche a été négative », selon le communiqué. « La salle des opérations […] a été en contact répété avec le bateau de pêche. Ils ont constamment répété qu’ils souhaitaient naviguer vers l’Italie », selon la même source.

      Le porte-parole du gouvernement a également expliqué vendredi que « les garde-côtes se sont rapprochés du bateau, ils ont jeté une corde pour le stabiliser, mais les migrants ont refusé l’aide ». « Ils disaient ‘‘No help, Go Italy’’ [’’Pas d’aide, on va en Italie’’, ndlr] », a-t-il ajouté.

      Pour sa part, le porte-parole de la police portuaire Nikolaos Alexiou a souligné qu’on ne pouvait « pas remorquer un bateau avec un si grand nombre de gens à bord par la force, il faut qu’ils coopèrent ».

      Selon un réfugié syrien en Allemagne, Reber Hebun, arrivé en Grèce pour retrouver son frère de 24 ans, survivant du naufrage, « les garde-côtes grecs n’ont rien fait pour les aider au début alors qu’ils étaient près d’eux », a-t-il dit après avoir parlé avec son frère. « Un bateau commercial a donné de l’eau et de la nourriture et tout le monde s’est précipité, le bateau a été déstabilisé à ce moment », selon lui.
      Les critiques envers les garde-côtes grecs

      Des experts et des ONG ont mis en cause les garde-côtes grecs qui auraient dû intervenir quoi qu’il arrive, selon eux. Pour Vincent Cochetel, envoyé spécial du Haut-Commissariat de l’ONU pour les réfugiés (HCR) pour la Méditerranée centrale et occidentale, « l’argument grec selon lequel les personnes ne voulaient pas être secourues pour poursuivre leur route vers l’Italie ne tient pas ». « C’est aux autorités grecques qu’il incombait de procéder ou, au moins, de coordonner une opération de sauvetage, en utilisant soit leurs propres navires de sauvetage soit en faisant appel à tout autre bateau sur zone, y compris à des navires marchands », a-t-il jugé. « Selon le droit maritime international, les autorités grecques auraient dû coordonner plus tôt cette opération de sauvetage, dès lors que Frontex avait repéré ce bateau en détresse », a-t-il poursuivi.

      « On ne demande pas aux personnes à bord d’un bateau à la dérive s’ils veulent de l’aide […] il aurait fallu une aide immédiate », a critiqué pour sa part Nikos Spanos, expert international des incidents maritimes.

      Hans Leijtens, le patron de Frontex, s’est rendu jeudi à Kalamata pour chercher à « mieux comprendre ce qui s’est passé car Frontex a joué un rôle » dans cet « horrible » naufrage.

      Vendredi, l’ONU a demandé des investigations rapides et des mesures « urgentes et décisives » pour éviter de nouveaux drames. « Il doit avoir une enquête approfondie sur les événements qui se sont déroulés au cours de cette tragédie. Et j’espère que nous pourrons trouver des réponses et apprendre de l’expérience », a souligné Jeremy Laurence, porte-parole du Haut-Commissariat aux droits de l’homme.
      Des centaines de personnes à bord

      78 corps ont jusqu’ici été retrouvés en mer au large des côtes de la péninsule du Péloponnèse, selon les garde-côtes grecs, et 104 personnes ont pu être secourues à temps. Mais le bilan serait en réalité bien plus lourd. Le porte-parole du gouvernement grec, Ilias Siakantaris, avait assuré mercredi que des informations non confirmées faisaient état de 750 personnes à bord du chalutier. L’Organisation internationale pour les migrations (OIM) « redoute que des centaines de personnes supplémentaires » se soient noyées « dans l’une des tragédies les plus dévastatrices en Méditerranée en une décennie ».

      Parmi les personnes qui se trouvaient à bord, figuraient notamment plus 120 Syriens, et un grand nombre d’entre eux sont portés disparus, ont déploré vendredi des membres de leurs familles et des militants locaux. La plupart de ces migrants sont originaires de la province instable de Deraa dans le sud de la Syrie. Plusieurs d’entre eux ont gagné la Libye, d’où était parti le bateau, en transitant par des pays voisins comme le Liban, la Jordanie ou encore l’Arabie Saoudite, selon les mêmes sources.

      Les recherches se poursuivent mais les espoirs de retrouver des survivants s’amenuisent, trois jours après le drame. De nombreuses femmes et enfants auraient voyagé dans la cale du navire, qui a sombré dans une zone de la Méditerranée de plusieurs milliers de mètres de profondeur, la fosse Calypso.

      Par ailleurs, 9 personnes de nationalité égyptienne soupçonnées d’être des passeurs ont été arrêtées à la suite du drame.

      https://www.liberation.fr/international/europe/naufrage-de-migrants-en-mediterranee-ce-que-lon-sait-sur-les-responsabili

    • Message de Vicky Skoumbi envoyé sur la mailing-list de Migreurop, le 18 juin 2023 :

      une vidéo glaçante avec un #témoignage de survivants qui fait état de la #responsabilité criminelle des #garde-côtes_grecs, avec la traduction d’un post d’Iasonas Apostolopoulos

      https://www.facebook.com/519820384/videos/5877893008981441

      « Les garde-côtes grecs se sont approchés de nous et nous ont lancé une corde bleue. Ils ont commencé à nous remorquer. La façon dont ils nous tiraient n’était pas correcte. Nous criions. Le navire a alors commencé à prendre de la gîte sur la gauche, les garde-côtes se sont tournés vers le côté opposé et notre navire a commencé à prendre de la gîte sur le côté et à couler.

      Nous essayions de grimper sur le bateau, nous voulions survivre.

      Les garde-côtes ont détaché la corde. Nous criions à l’aide. Ils ont fait tourner leur navire, créant une grosse vague, et notre bateau a complètement chaviré. Les personnes qui se trouvaient sur le côté du bateau se sont retrouvées en dessous. Nous pouvions entendre les gens dans la cale frapper sur la tôle en fer.

      Le bateau a complètement coulé ».

      –—

      Le journaliste Fallah Elias de la chaîne allemande WDR a partagé sur Twitter le témoignage absolument choquant et horrifiant d’un naufragé secouru.

      https://twitter.com/falahelias/status/1670127871170322432

      Dans la vidéo, d’autres survivants pakistanais confirment que les garde-côtes grecs ont fait couler le bateau en le remorquant.

      Ni une, ni deux, ni trois, de nombreux témoignages désignent le gouvernement grec et les garde-côtes comme les seuls responsables du naufrage et de la noyade de centaines de personnes à Pylos. Au lieu de les secourir, ils ont tiré le bateau avec une corde jusqu’à ce qu’il chavire. Probablement pour les faire sortir de la zone de sauvetage grecque.

      Selon certaines informations, une centaine d’enfants figureraient parmi les morts.

      Si tout cela est vrai, il s’agit du plus grand homicide de l’histoire de l’Europe d’après-guerre.

      NE LAISSONS PAS L’AFFAIRE ÊTRE ÉTOUFFÉE !

      https://twitter.com/falahelias/status/1670127871170322432?s=46&t=0dqDdxigZeccg_TvNxhfAA

    • Möglicherweise waren Push-Backs der Küstenwache Schuld am Bootsunglück in Griechenland

      Es gibt Vorwürfe, dass das Boot mit Geflüchteten vor Griechenland wegen Push-Backs der griechischen Küstenwache gesunken ist. WDR-Journalist Bamdad Esmaili berichtet im Interview, was Überlebende des Unglücks erzählen.

      Nach dem Bootsunglück vor Griechenland mit hunderten Toten gibt es schwere Vorwürfe gegen die griechische Küstenwache, das Unglück verursacht zu haben. Die Rede ist von so genannten Push-Backs. Darunter versteht man Maßnahmen, mit denen flüchtende Menschen daran gehindert werden, die Grenze zu übertreten und einen Asylantrag zu stellen. In der EU-Grundrechte-Charta wird das Recht auf Asyl gemäß der Genfer Flüchtlingskonvention allerdings garantiert.

      Die Küstenwache weist den Vorwurf von Push-Backs zurück - jetzt soll die europäische Polizeibehörde Europol ermitteln. WDR-Journalist Bamdad Esmaili ist in Griechenland und hat mit seinem Team mit Überlebenden sprechen können.

      WDR: Es gibt Vorwürfe gegen die griechische Küstenwache. Worum geht es da?

      Bamdad Esmaili: Es geht darum, dass es Vorwürfe gibt, dass die griechische Küstenwache dieses Boot in die Richtung von italienischem Gewässer gezogen hat - dass sie es sozusagen gepushbackt hat. Diesen Vorwurf hatten wir bislang nur gehört, gestern Abend gelang es meinem Kollegen, der arabisch spricht, dann mit ungefähr zehn überlebenden Geflüchteten zu sprechen. Sie haben unabhängig voneinander berichtet, dass dieses Boot tatsächlich gezogen wurde - nicht nur einmal, nicht nur zweimal, sondern insgesamt dreimal. Und dabei ist das Schiff dann ins Wanken gekommen und ist gesunken.

      WDR: Das heißt, das Ziehen dieses Bootes, der Versuch es nach Italien zu ziehen und damit aus der Zuständigkeit Griechenlands herauszuholen, ist für dieses Unglück - so scheint es zumindest im Moment - verantwortlich?

      Esmaili: Das ist der Vorwurf, der im Raum steht. Das muss natürlich erstmal bewiesen werden. Die Griechen lehnen das vehement ab und dementieren das. Sie sagen nach wie vor immer noch, dass sie Hilfe angeboten haben und das Schiff habe diese Hilfe nicht gewollt, weil sie demnach nach Italien wollten.

      WDR: Wir können davon ausgehen, dass es jetzt eine größere Untersuchung geben wird. Wie wird in Griechenland darüber diskutiert, was hören Sie da?

      Esmaili: Das ist zum Politikum geworden, weil nächste Woche Parlamentswahlen in Griechenland sind. Vor allem die Opposition nutzt dieses Thema jetzt aus und kritisiert die Regierung. Und es ist für drei Tage eine Staatstrauer angeordnet worden. Es gibt auch Proteste, Kundgebungen, es gab einen Trauermarsch in Athen, also das ist ein Riesenthema hier in Griechenland.

      WDR: Sie haben erwähnt, dass Sie mit Überlebenden sprechen konnten. Wie haben diese denn die Situation auf dem Schiff beschrieben? Abgesehen von der Frage, ob sie gezogen wurden und damit das Unglück ausgelöst wurde.

      Esmaili: Man muss sich das so vorstellen: Ein Schiff, das 30 Meter lang ist, war völlig überfüllt. Die Überlebenden erzählen uns, dass sie von den Schleppern gehört haben, dass 747 Personen auf diesem Schiff waren. Deswegen ist auch immer von knapp 750 Personen die Rede und die waren überall: Unten, oben auf dem Deck, seit Tagen unterwegs, ohne Nahrung, ohne Wasser. Da kann man sich vorstellen, wie die Stimmung auf dem Schiff war.

      WDR: Das heißt, man muss davon ausgehen, dass das Unglück zu hunderten Toten geführt hat. Was geschieht jetzt mit den Menschen, die gerettet wurden - auch mit denen, mit denen Sie gesprochen haben?

      Esmaili: Wir sind jetzt in Malakasa in der Nähe von Athen und dort sind 71 Personen untergebracht, die kommen ganz normal ins Asylverfahren. Knapp 30 Personen sind noch in Kalamata im Krankenhaus, die werden behandelt und dann kommen sie vermutlich auch ins ganz normale Asylverfahren.

      WDR: Ganz normale Asylverfahren nach dem, was sie erlebt haben, das ist sicherlich auch eine schwierige Situation. Wurde die Suche nach Überlebenden denn inzwischen eingestellt?

      Esmaili: Das kann ich so nicht bestätigen. Wir haben gestern Abend noch gehört, dass noch weiter gesucht wird, aber natürlich kann man nach so vielen Tagen und bei so vielen Menschen davon ausgehen, dass man kaum noch Überlebende aus dem Meer retten kann. Rund 100 Kinder sollen auch mit an Bord gewesen sein.

      https://www1.wdr.de/nachrichten/bootsunglueck-mittelmeer-interview-bamdad-esmaili-100.html

    • Frontex statement following tragic shipwreck off Pylos

      We are shocked and saddened by the tragic events that unfolded off the coast of Greece. The Frontex Executive Director, who travelled to Greece after learning about the tragedy, has offered any support the authorities may need.

      People smugglers have once again trifled with human lives by forcing several hundred migrants on a fishing boat not designed to fit such a number of people. Many were trapped underneath the deck. Our thoughts go out to the families of the victims.

      On 13 June before noon, a Frontex plane spotted the fishing vessel inside the Greek search and rescue region in international waters. The ship was heavily overcrowded and was navigating at slow speed (6 knots) direction north-east.

      Frontex immediately informed the Greek and Italian authorities about the sighting, providing them with information about the condition of the vessel, speed and photos.

      The plane kept monitoring the vessel, constantly providing updates to all relevant national authorities until it ran out of fuel and had to return to base.

      As a Frontex drone was to patrol the Aegean on the same day, the agency offered to provide additional assistance ahead of the planned and scheduled flight. The Greek authorities asked the agency to send the drone to another search and rescue incident south off Crete with 80 people in danger.

      The drone, after attending to the incident south off Crete, flew to the last known position of the fishing vessel. The drone arrived at the scene four hours later at 04:05 (UTC) in the morning, when a large-scale search and rescue operation by Greek authorities was ongoing and there was no sign of the fishing boat. No Frontex plane or boat was present at the time of the tragedy.

      https://frontex.europa.eu/media-centre/news/news-release/frontex-statement-following-tragic-shipwreck-off-pylos-dJ5l9p

      –-
      Commentaire de Lena K. sur twitter :

      This might be important. According to Frontex, they offered a drone to fly over the location of the Pylos shipwreck in the evening of 13th, but the Greek authorities decided to send it to another distress incident south of Crete. Convenient (for both).

      https://twitter.com/lk2015r/status/1670143075040088068

    • Naufrage en Grèce : le bateau dérivait, contrairement à la version des garde-côtes

      Que s’est-il passé dans les heures précédant le terrible naufrage au large du Péloponnèse ? Les garde-côtes grecs affirment que le chalutier bondé faisait route vers l’Italie à une vitesse régulière et n’avait pas besoin d’être secouru. Une enquête de la BBC affirme le contraire : le chalutier était à l’arrêt et nécessitait une aide urgente.

      Version contre version. Depuis le terrible naufrage du mercredi 13 juin au large de la Grèce, qui a coûté la vie à au moins 500 personnes (https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/49759/au-moins-200-pakistanais-parmi-les-victimes-du-naufrage-en-grece), les autorités grecques campent sur leurs positions : le chalutier, qui comptait au moins 700 exilés à bord, n’était pas en danger imminent. Du moins, pas dans les heures précédant le naufrage.

      Selon le communiqué officiel du Premier ministre grec (https://www.primeminister.gr/2023/06/14/32002), Kyriakos Mitsotakis, le bateau, parti de Tobrouk en Libye, naviguait en direction de l’Italie. « À 15h35, le navire de pêche a été repéré par l’hélicoptère de la Garde côtière [grecque] naviguant à vitesse régulière », peut-on lire sur le communiqué. Il avait été repéré pour la première fois vers 11h du matin, et depuis, les autorités grecques le surveillait à distance. Pourquoi ne pas le secourir immédiatement ? Parce qu’il ne semblait pas en difficulté, se défendent les Grecs. « Le navire navigu[ait] avec un cap et une vitesse constantes », écrivent-ils dans leur rapport.

      Cette ligne de défense sera la même tout au long de la journée. À partir de 15h30 jusqu’à 21h, les autorités helléniques affirment avoir été à de nombreuses reprises en communication avec le bateau via téléphone satellite. À chaque fois, les garde-côtes notent que le chalutier navigue à vitesse régulière. Et que les exilés ne réclament aucune aide. « Les migrants criaient : ’Pas d’aide, on va en Italie’ », expliquait déjà vendredi 16 juin le porte-parole des garde-côtes grecs, Nikos Alexiou.

      Dans un autre communiqué publié le 19 juin (https://www.hcg.gr/el/drasthriothtes/dieykriniseis-anaforika-me-eyreia-epixeirhsh-ereynas-kai-diaswshs-allodapwn-se-d), Athènes maintient sa position et affirme que le bateau a parcouru une distance de 24 nautiques marins - soit 44 km - depuis le moment où il a été repéré jusqu’à son naufrage.

      « Le navire ne bouge pas »

      Seulement, l’enquête menée par la BBC (https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-65942426) contredit la version grecque. Grâce aux coordonnées GPS des autres navires présents dans la zone méditerranéenne, la BBC est arrivée à la conclusion que le bateau n’a pas bougé entre 18h et 21h, mardi 13 juin. Un premier chalutier – le Lucky sailor – s’en est approché, sur ordre des garde-côtes grecs, à 18h pour lui fournir des vivres et de l’eau. Trois heures plus tard, c’est au même point de coordonnées maritimes qu’un second navire – le Faithfull Warrior - s’est rendu pour un autre ravitaillement.

      Et la BBC de continuer. « Une vidéo – qui aurait été tournée depuis le Faithful Warrior – prétend montrer des vivres livrés au navire via une corde dans l’eau. La BBC a vérifié ces images et a découvert que le navire - qui ne bouge pas – correspond à la forme du navire de migrants en détresse. Les conditions météorologiques correspondent à celles signalées à l’époque. »

      Pourtant, dans le dernier communiqué du 19 juin, les Grecs ne parlent pas d’immobilisation du navire. « Dans la soirée, le navire de patrouille côtière [...] est arrivé dans la région et a repéré [le chalutier] se déplaçant par ses propres moyens, à faible vitesse », maintiennent-ils.

      Et d’insister. Lors des deux ravitaillements, le navire a dans un premier temps poursuivi sa route avant de finalement s’arrêter. « Une fois le processus [de ravitaillement] terminé, les occupants du bateau ont commencé à jeter les fournitures à la mer », notent-ils encore dans leur document.

      « Navire secoué par le vent et les vagues »

      Enfin, à 22h40, les garde-côtes affirment s’être approché du chalutier tout en restant « à distance ». Là encore, ils ne détectent aucun problème de navigation. Et proposent de l’aide au navire en difficulté. « [Le chalutier] s’est de nouveau arrêté quelques minutes à l’approche [de la garde-côtière] puis a continué son chemin ».

      Entre le dernier ravitaillement et l’immobilisation du chalutier - à cause d’une panne mécanique -, une distance d’environ 6 mille nautiques (11 km) a été parcouru. À aucun moment, selon Athènes, le navire n’a donc été immobile.

      À l’échelle de la Méditerranée, ces dizaines de mille nautiques parcourus par le chalutier ne signifie pas qu’il naviguait de plein gré, insiste la BBC. Mais plutôt qu’il se déplaçait à peine « ce que l’on peut attendre d’un navire en détresse secoué par le vent et les vagues dans la partie la plus profonde de la mer Méditerranée », explique la BBC. Selon le média, les garde-côtes auraient donc dû procéder au sauvetage.

      Vers 2h du matin, dans la nuit du mardi à mercredi, le bateau fera naufrage. Le bilan provisoire fait toujours état de 78 morts, et des centaines de disparus.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/49764/naufrage-en-grece--le-bateau-derivait-contrairement-a-la-version-des-g

    • Il video di Frontex e quel barcone stracarico in balia del mare

      Nel video di Frontex il barcone stracarico di migranti in navigazione tra la Libia, da dove era partito quattro giorni prima, e l’Europa. Le immagini sono state registrate il 13 giugno alle ore 9.48 Utc. Il naufragio è avvenuto la notte tra il 13 e il 14 giugno.

      https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=1&v=Drz5OVIkWi0&embeds_referring_origin=https%3A%2F%2Fw

      Salgono a 80 le vittime accertate del tragico naufragio avvenuto a sud del Peloponneso, in Grecia, la settimana scorsa. I soccorsi hanno recuperato i corpi di altri due uomini a largo di Pylos. Le persone tratte in salvo sono ancora 104, mentre mancano all’appello almeno 600 persone, tra cui 100 bambini che al momento del naufragio si trovavano nella stiva. I corpi sono stati trasportati nel porto di Kalamata. Proseguono intanto le ricerche della Guardia costiera.

      Il racconto di un sopravvissuto

      «La Guardia costiera greca ci ha detto che ci avrebbe portato in acque italiane, che ci stavano spingendo. Era una nave da guerra. Poi la nostra barca si è ribaltata. Sono finito in mare, urlavo, non hanno fatto nulla per salvarci. Ho cercato di rimanere a galla per mezz’ora poi quando sono arrivate le barche della Guardia costiera mi sono allontanato perchè avevo paura. Ho visto la luce di una nave commerciale in lontananza e l’ho raggiunta». E’ la testimonianza-choc che sta circolando in queste ore su twitter. Si Tratta di un sopravvissuto siriano che racconta cosa è successo quella notte, fra martedì e mercoledì di una settimana fa, quando il barcone, partito dalla Libia, si è inabissando portandosi dietro almeno 600 persone (fra cui 100 bambini).

      La ricostruzione della Guardia costiera greca
      «In totale, il peschereccio ha percorso una distanza di circa 30 miglia nautiche dal momento del rilevamento al momento dell’affondamento» ha dichiarato la Guardia costiera greca in un comunicato. «Il chiarimento», precisa la nota, arriva a seguito delle «pubblicazioni della stampa internazionale e nazionale» secondo cui il peschereccio sovraffollato non si è mosso per almeno 7 ore prima di capovolgersi. «Nelle ore pomeridiane» di martedì 13 giugno, l’imbarcazione dei migranti «è stata avvicinata da una nave cisterna per fornire assistenza», continua il comunicato della Guardia costiera costiera sul naufragio del peschereccio a largo di Pylos. Nel testo si specifica nuovamente che i migranti a bordo avevano fatto resistenza e che poi il peschereccio si è fermato ed «è iniziato il rifornimento di viveri». Dalle ricostruzioni delle autorità elleniche si legge anche che una seconda nave cisterna si è impegnata ad avvicinarsi all’imbarcazione dei migranti per fornire provviste, ma il peschereccio avrebbe fatto resistenza e si sarebbe spostato verso ovest. Alla fine, la nave cisterna ha iniziato la procedura di rifornimento ma al termine di questa i migranti «hanno iniziato a gettare le provviste in mare». «L’intero processo di rifornimento di provviste agli occupanti del peschereccio da parte delle due navi commerciali è durato in totale più di quattro ore e trenta minuti», aggiunge la Guardia costiera, specificando che «nelle ore serali» è arrivata nella zona una loro motovedetta e «ha avvistato il peschereccio che si muoveva autonomamente, a bassa velocità». Secondo la ricostruzione delle autorità elleniche, la motovedetta «ha avviato una procedura di avvicinamento all’imbarcazione per accertarsi delle condizioni attuali del natante e dei suoi occupanti», mentre «la nave si è fermata di nuovo per alcuni minuti durante l’avvicinamento da parte della motovedetta e poi ha continuato la sua rotta».
      «Dal momento in cui è stato completato il processo di rifornimento fino all’immobilizzazione del peschereccio a causa di un guasto meccanico, il peschereccio ha percorso una distanza di circa 6 miglia nautiche» conclude la Guardia costiera greca.

      Islamabad: 300 cittadini pachistani annegati a Pylos
      Più di 300 pachistani sono annegati nel naufragio del peschereccio al largo delle coste greche del Peloponneso: il numero delle vittime è stato reso noto dal presidente del Senato di Islamabad Muhammad Sadiq Sanjrani inviando le condoglianze alle famiglie. Lo scrive la Cnn. «I nostri pensieri e le nostre preghiere sono con voi e preghiamo che le anime defunte trovino la pace eterna», ha detto Sanjrani. «Questo devastante incidente sottolinea l’urgenza di affrontare e condannare l’esecrabile traffico illegale di esseri umani». Le autorità greche non hanno ancora confermato il bilancio delle vittime pakistane.

      https://www.avvenire.it/attualita/pagine/naufragio-in-grecia-la-versione-dei-greci

    • A survivor of #Pylos shipwreck shared harrowing details:

      ➡️Two people died from thirst and hunger on the 4th and 5th days of the journey
      ➡️On the 4th day, people started drinking from the boat engine’s water. On the 5th day, a state of “slow death” was announced

      ➡️On 16 June, they started calling for any coastguard as they didn’t know they were in the Greek waters.
      ➡️A luxury yacht provided 4 boxes of water for almost 750 people & this created tension between people due to thirst.

      ➡️A giant Greek ship threw ropes to people & towed the boat. Then, they started throwing water bottles at them leading to an imbalance in the boat
      ➡️The boat started sinking. We started to beg to be rescued and showed them the dead bodies but the ship wasn’t qualified for rescue

      ➡️Around sunset, a Greek military ship with masked people wearing black approached, towed them with only one blue robe & increased their ship’s speed
      ➡️That was when the ship capsized. People started shouting as they sink. People on the Greek military ship were just watching
      Full testimony here:
      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IOzLIXa1cQ8

      https://twitter.com/ecre/status/1670739249417560064

    • I superstiti del naufragio di Pylos accusano la Guardia costiera greca

      Nella notte tra il 13 e il 14 giugno le autorità greche avrebbero tentato di trainare il peschereccio partito dalla Libia con a bordo oltre 700 persone, provocandone l’inabissamento. Le testimonianze dei sopravvissuti, confinati subito dopo aver toccato terra, smontano la versione di Atene. Le vittime sarebbero almeno 643

      Secondo diverse testimonianze dei sopravvissuti il peschereccio con oltre 700 persone a bordo è affondato al largo delle coste greche, nelle prime ore di mercoledì 21 giugno, durante un tentativo fallito di rimorchio da parte della Guardia costiera greca. L’accusa è contenuta nelle dichiarazioni rilasciate da alcuni naufraghi all’autorità giudiziaria di Kalamata, città meridionale greca –visionate dall’Ap news (https://apnews.com/article/greece-migrant-shipwreck-smugglers-9daf86915e8bd89a1697dd1ee75504ac) e dal quotidiano ellenico Kathimerini- che smentiscono la versione delle autorità greche secondo cui la barca non sarebbe stata scortata nelle sue ultime ore di navigazione e non ci sarebbe stato alcun tentativo di abbordarla.

      “La nave greca ha gettato una corda ed è stata legata alla nostra prua -ha spiegato Abdul Rahman Alhaz, 24 anni, palestinese che è riuscito a salvarsi-. Dopo hanno iniziato a muoversi e a tirare, per poco più di due minuti. Noi gridavamo ‘Stop, stop’ perché la barca era sovraccarica. Poi ha cominciato a inclinarsi”.

      L’inabissamento del peschereccio partito dalla Libia avrebbe provocato almeno 643 vittime, secondo quanto è stato possibile ricostruire dalle testimonianze dei 104 sopravvissuti. Sarebbero 100 i bambini, sempre secondo i racconti di chi si è salvato dal naufragio, che con le donne erano stipati nella stiva della nave. Sulle dinamiche dell’incidente, però, fin da subito erano emersi versioni contrastanti.

      Un’inchiesta realizzata dalla BBC (https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-65942426) mostra che il peschereccio sovraffollato non si è mosso per almeno sette ore prima di capovolgersi mentre la guardia costiera, invece, nel comunicato stampa rilasciato successivamente al naufragio sottolinea che dalle 15.30 all’1.40 la navigazione è proseguita a “velocità e rotta costante”. La versione della BBC si basa sui dati di Marin traffic, che traccia i movimenti delle imbarcazioni nel Mediterraneo, e che confermerebbe che le navi inviate dalle autorità greche per fornire supporto all’imbarcazione carica di naufraghi siano intervenute tutte nella stessa zona e che quindi la nave avrebbe percorso “meno di poche miglia nautiche, come ci si può aspettare da una nave colpita dal vento o dalle onde nella parte più profonda del Mar Mediterraneo”. Inoltre, sempre secondo la testata inglese, la foto dell’imbarcazione pubblicata dai guardacoste ellenici giovedì 15 giugno, riferita a poche ore prima del capovolgimento, dimostra che la nave era ferma e soprattutto smentisce la versione secondo cui le stesse autorità “avevano osservato da una distanza discreta il susseguirsi dei fatti”.

      “Abbiamo lanciato una richiesta di soccorso il giorno prima del naufragio verso le 8 del mattino -ha raccontato un sopravvissuto alla Ong Consolidated rescue group- (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IOzLIXa1cQ8

      ). Non sapevamo neanche che fossimo in Grecia”. Alle 9.47 del mattino Frontex, l’Agenzia che sorveglia le frontiere europee, ha comunicato alle autorità italiane e greche la presenza di un peschereccio sovraffollato e la Centrale operativa di Roma intorno alle 11 ha comunicato la posizione della nave, nel Sud del Peloponneso, al centro operativo di Atene. Alle 13.50 da Mitilini si è alzato un elicottero della Guardia costiera greca diretto verso il peschereccio, raggiunto verso le 15.35. Le stesse autorità greche, intanto, stavano chiedendo alle imbarcazioni che navigavano nell’area di cambiare rotta. “Una barca ci ha rifornito di quattro boxes d’acqua da sei bottiglie l’una: le persone si colpivano per prenderla -continua il sopravvissuto-. Questa nave ci ha lanciato una corda per avvicinarci ma ci ha detto che non era loro compito salvarci e che presto sarebbe arrivata la Guardia costiera”. La situazione a bordo era tesa, racconta sempre l’uomo intervistato dal Consolidated rescue group, al quarto giorno di navigazione non c’era né acqua né cibo, due persone erano morte e giacevano sul vascello: al quinto giorno, quello precedente al naufragio, qualcuno beveva dal motore perché l’acqua era finita. Ma anche nel racconto dell’uomo quello che succede al calar del sole di martedì scorso, dopo l’intervento delle navi civili, ripercorre le testimonianze di decine di altri naufraghi. “La Guardia costiera, una volta arrivata, ci ha detto di seguirli così l’Italia ci avrebbe salvato. Lo abbiamo fatto per mezz’ora, poi il motore si è rotto. Erano vestiti di nero e mascherati, senza segni militari. Ci hanno tirati con una corta e poi sono ripartiti, la nave ha perso stabilità e poco dopo è affondata”.

      Da Atene le autorità hanno dichiarato che i naufraghi hanno più volte rifiutato il loro intervento perché volevano proseguire verso l’Italia. Diverse testimonianze dei naufraghi smentiscono questa versione. Nawal Soufi, attivista rifugiata indipendente che quel giorno ha lanciato per prima l’Sos per la barca in avaria, ha dichiarato di essere stata in contatto con le persone sulla barca fino alle 23 di martedì. “L’uomo con cui stavo parlando mi ha detto espressamente: ‘Sento che questa sarà la nostra ultima notte viva’”, ha scritto. Poco prima di mezzanotte il motore si è spento.

      El Pais (https://english.elpais.com/international/2023-06-20/greece-imposes-silence-around-shipwreck-of-overcrowded-migrant-boat.) ha accusato le autorità greche di “imporre il silenzio” ai sopravvissuti al naufragio. Durante la loro permanenza nel porto di Kalamata, i 104 naufraghi avevano infatti mobilità limitata e scarso accesso alle comunicazioni: la Guardia costiera, secondo quanto ricostruito dal quotidiano spagnolo, li avrebbe confinati all’interno di un complesso recintato da cui non è stato permesso loro di uscire. Successivamente, venerdì 16 giugno, sono stati trasferiti a Malakasa, un campo per richiedenti asilo vicino ad Atene. Ma anche in questa nuova sistemazione la possibilità di uscire e avere contatti con l’esterno è risultata limitata

      Intanto martedì 20 giugno il tribunale di Kalamata ha convalidato l’arresto di nove uomini di origine egiziana accusati di essere i membri dell’equipaggio: omicidio colposo, naufragio e partecipazione a un’organizzazione criminale sono i capi d’accusa. L’avvocato Athanassios Iliopoulos, che rappresenta un presunto trafficante di 22 anni, ha dichiarato all’Associated Press che tutti e nove i sospettati hanno negato le accuse in tribunale affermando di essere essi stessi naufraghi. Iliopoulos ha detto che il suo cliente ha riferito di aver venduto il suo camion preso in prestito dai suoi genitori per raccogliere 4.500 euro per il viaggio. Anche in Pakistan, dove è stato proclamato il lutto nazionale per le vittime del naufragio, l’ufficio del primo ministro Shehbaz Sharif ha annunciato che sono state arrestate dieci persone accusate di far parte dell’organizzazione. “Intensificheremo gli sforzi nella lotta contro le persone coinvolte nell’atroce crimine della tratta di esseri umani”, ha dichiarato il capo del governo. Per la presidente della Commissione europea Ursula von der Leyen “è urgente agire”, sottolineando che l’Ue dovrebbe aiutare i Paesi africani come la Tunisia, da cui molte persone partono, a stabilizzare le loro economie. Non ha in questo caso menzionato la Libia, luogo da cui il peschereccio del naufragio è partito.

      La Grecia è stata più volte accusata di violare sui propri confini le norme sul salvataggio in mare e i diritti delle persone in transito. A maggio 2023 un’inchiesta del New York Times ha mostrato, con tanto di video ad alta definizione, le autorità greche riportare indietro verso le coste turche decine di profughi già arrivati sul territorio, tra cui anche bambini, lasciando alla deriva l’imbarcazione. Altro che attività di search and rescue. Il portale di inchiesta Solomon (https://wearesolomon.com/mag/focus-area/migration/just-007-of-819m-border-budget-to-greece-earmarked-for-search-and-resc) ha ricostruito come degli 819 milioni di euro forniti ad Atene all’interno del “Fondo di gestione delle frontiere europee” appena lo 0,07% (neanche 600mila euro) sarà destinato allo sviluppo delle attività di ricerca e soccorso in mare. La maggior parte del denaro riguarda invece l’approvvigionamento di attrezzature di deterrenza come droni, veicoli di ogni tipo, termocamere, elicotteri e sistemi di sorveglianza automatizzati. Tutto ciò che non è servito per salvare 640 persone.

      https://altreconomia.it/i-superstiti-del-naufragio-di-pylos-accusano-la-guardia-costiera-greca

    • Greece shipwreck survivors were ’abandoned for 10 minutes’

      Survivors of the June 14 shipwreck off Greece have made serious accusations against the country’s Coast Guard in witness statements.

      Statements gathered from some of the 104 survivors of a recent shipwreck off Greece contain serious accusations against the Greek Coast Guard.

      Search operations for more corpses continue after the fishing vessel, which is believed to have been carrying up to 800 migrants, capsized last week south of Greece’s Peloponnese.
      Survivors blame Greek Coast Guard

      “When the ship capsized, the Coast Guard cut the rope and continued on its way. It went farther away as we were all screaming. After 10 minutes, they came back with small boats to pick up people but they did not go as far as the ship itself. They only picked up those who managed to swim away,” one survivor told the Greek newspaper Kathimerini, recounting the last minutes of shipwreck that left at least 82 dead and hundreds missing.

      Surviving witnesses have been questioned by the Kalamata port authority.

      Every person interviewed confirmed — with slight variations in their reconstructions — that the shipwreck had been caused by a Greek Coast Guard patrol boat.

      One of the survivors said the Coast Guard’s attempt to tow the overcrowded fishing vessel created turbulence in the water that eventually caused the ship to capsize.

      “They tried to pull it using force for two or three minutes and everyone whistled to try to make them stop, since they were pulling it strongly and creating waves,” one said.

      Another added that, “for the first few minutes we went forward, but then the Coast Guard turned to the right and the ship overturned.”
      Polemics inflame political conflict prior to vote

      These witness statements run counter to the Coast Guard’s official version. Captains aboard the patrol boat say they only hooked up to the vessel for a few minutes to check the situation onboard before the ship wrecked.

      The situation has inflamed political conflict ahead of Greece’s government elections, which will be held Sunday.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/49846/greece-shipwreck-survivors-were-abandoned-for-10-minutes

    • They knew the boat could sink. Boarding it didn’t feel like a choice.

      The story of how as many as 750 migrants came to board a rickety blue fishing trawler and end up in one of the Mediterranean’s deadliest shipwrecks is bigger than any one of the victims. But for everyone, it started somewhere, and for #Thaer_Khalid_al-Rahal it started with cancer.

      The leukemia diagnosis for his youngest son, 4-year-old Khalid, came early last year. The family had been living in a Jordanian refugee camp for a decade, waiting for official resettlement after fleeing Syria’s bitter war, and doctors said the United Nations’ refugee agency could help cover treatment costs. But agency funds dwindled and the child’s case worsened. When doctors said Khalid needed a bone-marrow transplant, the father confided in relatives that waiting to relocate through official channels was no longer an option. He needed to get to Europe to earn money and save his son.

      “Thaer thought he didn’t have a choice,” said his cousin, Abdulrahman Yousif al-Rahal, reached by phone in the Jordanian refugee camp of Zaatari.

      In Egypt, the journey for #Mohamed_Abdelnasser, 27, started with a creeping realization that his carpentry work could not earn enough to support his wife and two sons.

      For #Matloob_Hussain, 42, it began the day his Greek residency renewal was rejected, sending him back to Pakistan, where his salary helped put food on the table for 20 extended family members amid a crippling economic crisis.

      “Europe doesn’t understand,” said his brother Adiil Hussain, interviewed in Greece where they had lived together. “We don’t leave because we want to. There is simply nothing for us in Pakistan.”

      On Matloob’s earlier journey to Europe, he had been so scared of the water that he kept his eyes closed the whole time. This time, the smugglers promised him they would take him to Italy. They said they would use “a good boat.”

      The trawler left from the Libyan port city of #Tobruk on June 8. Just 104 survivors have reached the Greek mainland. Eighty-two bodies have been recovered, and hundreds more have been swallowed by the sea.

      As the Mediterranean became a stage for tragedy on June 14, a billionaire and several businessmen were preparing for their own voyage in the North Atlantic. The disappearance of their submersible as it dove toward the wreckage of the Titanic sparked a no-expenses-spared search-and-rescue mission and rolling headlines. The ship packed with refugees and migrants did not.

      About half the passengers are believed to have been from Pakistan. The country’s interior minister said Friday that an estimated 350 Pakistanis were on board, and that many may have died. Of the survivors from the boat, 47 are Syrian, 43 Egyptian, 12 Pakistani and two Palestinian.

      Some of the people on the trawler were escaping war. Many were family breadwinners, putting their own lives on the line to help others back home. Some were children. A list of the missing from two towns in the Nile Delta carries 43 names. Almost half of them are under 18 years old.

      This account of what pushed them to risk a notoriously dangerous crossing is based on interviews with survivors in Greece and relatives of the dead in Pakistan, Jordan and Egypt, as the news sent ripples of distress throughout communities from North Africa to South Asia. Some people spoke on the condition of anonymity, because they feared being drawn into government crackdowns on human smuggling networks.

      Rahal’s family said they do not know how he contacted the smugglers in Libya, but remember watching as he creased under the fatigue and shame of having to ask anyone he could for the thousands of dollars they were requesting for safe passage to Italy.

      Thirteen men left from El Na’amna village, south of the Egyptian capital, Cairo, in the hope of achieving the same. Ten miles away in Ibrash, another village, Abdelnasser left the house as he usually did for his 2 a.m. factory shift but joined a packed car to Libya instead, along with 29 other young men and boys. “He told us nothing,” said his father, Amr. “We would have stopped him.”

      Many of the families said the departures caught them by surprise and that local intermediaries working for the smugglers later communicated with relatives in Egypt to gather the requested funds.

      In El Na’amna, several people said the figure was $4,500 per person — a sum impossibly high for most rural Egyptians. In Ibrash, Abdelnasser’s uncle said, two of the delegates who arrived to collect the money were disguised in women’s dress. Another woman did the talking. She collected the money, photographed receipts, and then told the family that the deal was done.

      ‘He said the boat was very bad’

      The time spent waiting in Libya was harder than the migrants expected, said family members who spoke with them throughout that period. The port city of Tobruk had become a transit hub for people, and the migrants reported that the smugglers treated them like goods to be traded. The lucky ones rented cramped apartments where they could wait near the bright blue sea.

      Travelers who had arranged to meet their intermediaries in the city of Benghazi were transported in large refrigerator trucks to the desert. One survivor described a house there “with a big yard and big walls and people at the door with guns.” It was so busy that people slept in the yard outside. Inside, a 24-year-old Pakistani migrant, Bilal Hassan, tried to lighten the mood by reciting Punjabi poetry. He is smiling in the video he sent his family, but other men in the room look tense.

      Some migrants told their families they were getting anxious and didn’t trust their smugglers. Others sent brief messages to reassure and say that they were fine.

      Rahal spoke to his wife, Nermin, every day. A month passed with no news of onward passage and his mood darkened. He worried about Khalid. In Jordan, the boy kept asking when he would see his father again. “I don’t know,” Rahal texted in reply. When one smuggler’s offer fell through, he found another who promised to get the job done faster. In voice messages to his cousin, he sounded tired.

      “I’ll manage to get the money,” he said.

      His last call to his wife was June 8. Men from the smuggling network were yelling at the migrants to pack together as closely as possible in rubber dinghies that would take them to the trawler. Up ahead, the blue fishing boat looked like it was already full.

      Matloob Hussein, the Pakistani who had lived in Greece, called his brother from the trawler. “He said the boat was very bad,” Adiil recounted. “He said they had loaded people on the boat like cattle. He said he was below deck and that he preferred it so he didn’t have to see that he was surrounded by water.”

      When Adiil asked why his brother hadn’t refused to board, Matloob said the smugglers had guns and knives. As the boat pulled out of Tobruk’s concrete port, he told Adiil he was turning his phone off — he did not expect to have a signal again until they arrived.

      After the calls to loved ones stopped, from the foothills of Kashmir to the villages of the Nile Delta, families held their breath.

      It felt, said one relative, like a film that had just stopped halfway through.

      In hometowns and villages, waiting for news

      News of the blue trawler’s capsize trickled out on the morning of June 14. The coast guard’s initial report said that at least 17 people had drowned while noting that more than 100 had been saved. On the Greek mainland, relatives waited for updates in the baking sun outside a migrant reception center. Back in hometowns and villages, some people kept their cellphones plugged into the power sockets so they did not risk missing a call.

      The residents of El Na’amna and Ibrash didn’t know what to do. Police arrested a local smuggler but provided no updates on the whereabouts of the missing. Rumors swirled that most were dead. The mother of 23-year-old Amr Elsayed described a grief so full that she felt as if she were burning.

      A Pakistani community leader in Greece, Javed Aslam, said he was in direct contact with more than 200 families asking for news. Accounts from survivors suggested that almost all the Pakistani passengers, along with many women and children, had been stuck on the lower levels of the boat as it went down.

      Adiil came looking for his brother. He was turned away from the hospital where survivors had been treated, but left his details anyway. Outside the Malakasa reception center, where the survivors were staying, 15 miles north of Athens, several Pakistanis seemed to know Matloob as “the man in the yellow T-shirt.” No one had seen him since the wreck.

      Perhaps it was crazy, Adiil said Thursday, but somehow he still had hope. He had registered his DNA with the local authorities and he had spoken to other families there every day. Now he didn’t know what to do with himself. His eyes were red from crying. He carried creased photographs of his brother in his pocket.

      In one image, Matloob is standing with his dark-eyed daughter, 10-year-old Arfa. Adiil had told the girl that her father was in the hospital, but that fiction was weighing more on him by the day as she kept asking why they couldn’t speak.

      Khalid had been asking for his father, too, but no one knew how to make a 4-year-old understand something they barely understood themselves.

      Nermin, relatives said, was “in bad shape.” She had a funeral to organize without a body. But first she had to take Khalid to the hospital for his biopsy, to learn how far the cancer had spread.

      https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/06/24/greek-migrant-boat-victims

    • ‘If they had left us be, we wouldn’t have drowned:’ CNN investigation raises questions about Greek coast guard’s account of shipwreck tragedy

      The hull of the fishing trawler lifted out of the water as it sank, catapulting people from the top deck into the black sea below. In the darkness, they grabbed onto whatever they could to stay afloat, pushing each other underwater in a frantic fight for survival. Some were screaming, many began to recite their final prayers.

      “I can still hear the voice of a woman calling out for help,” one survivor of the migrant boat disaster off the coast of Greece told CNN. “You’d swim and move floating bodies out of your way.”

      With hundreds of people still missing after the overloaded vessel capsized in the Mediterranean on June 14, the testimonies of those who were onboard paint a picture of chaos and desperation. They also call into question the Greek coast guard’s version of events, suggesting more lives could have been saved, and may even point to fault on the part of Greek authorities.

      Rights groups allege the tragedy is both further evidence and a result of a new pattern in illegal pushbacks of migrant boats to other nations’ waters, with deadly consequences.

      This boat was carrying up to 750 Pakistani, Syrian, Egyptian and Palestinian refugees and migrants. Only 104 people have been rescued alive.

      CNN has interviewed multiple survivors of the shipwreck and their relatives, all of whom have wished to remain anonymous for security reasons and the fear of retribution from authorities in both Greece and at home.

      One survivor from Syria, whom CNN is identifying as Rami, described how a Greek coast guard vessel approached the trawler multiple times to try to attach a rope to tow the ship, with disastrous results.

      “The third time they towed us, the boat swayed to the right and everyone was screaming, people began falling into the sea, and the boat capsized and no one saw anyone anymore,” he said. “Brothers were separated, cousins were separated.”

      Another Syrian man, identified as Mostafa, also believes it was the maneuver by the coast guard that caused the disaster. “The Greek captain pulled us too fast, it was extremely fast, this caused our boat to sink,” he said.

      The Hellenic Coast Guard has repeatedly denied attempting to tow the vessel. An official investigation into the cause of the tragedy is still ongoing.

      Coast guard spokesman Nikos Alexiou told CNN over the phone last week: “When the boat capsized, we were not even next to (the) boat. How could we be towing it?” Instead, he insisted they had only been “observing at a close distance” and that “a shift in weight probably caused by panic” had caused the boat to tip.

      The Hellenic Coast Guard has declined to answer CNN’s specific requests for response to the survivor testimonies.

      Direct accounts from those who survived the wreck have been limited, due to their concerns about speaking out and the media having little access to the survivors. CNN interviewed Rami and Mostafa outside the Malakasa migrant camp near Athens, where journalists are not permitted entry.

      The Syrian men said the conditions on board the migrant boat deteriorated fast in the more than five days after it set off from Tobruk, Libya, in route to Italy. They had run out of water and had resorted to drinking from storage bottles that people had urinated in.

      “People were dying. People were fainting. We used a rope to dip clothes into the sea and use that to squeeze water on people who had lost consciousness,” Rami said.

      CNN’s analysis of marine traffic data, combined with information from NGOs, merchant vessels and the European Union border patrol agency, Frontex, suggests that Greek authorities were aware of the distressed vessel for at least 13 hours before it eventually sank early on June 14.

      The Greek coast guard has maintained that people onboard the trawler had refused rescue and insisted they wanted to continue their journey to Italy. But survivors, relatives and activists say they had asked for help multiple times.

      Earlier in the day, other ships tried to help the trawler. Directed by the Greek coast guard, two merchant vessels – Lucky Sailor and Faithful Warrior – approached the boat between 6 and 9 p.m. on June 13 to offer supplies, according to marine traffic data and the logs of those ships. But according to survivors this only caused more havoc onboard.

      “Fights broke out over food and water, people were screaming and shouting,” Mostafa said. “If it wasn’t for people trying to calm the situation down, the boat was on the verge of sinking several times.”

      By early evening, six people had already died onboard, according to an audio recording reviewed by CNN from Italian activist Nawal Soufi, who took a distress call from the migrant boat at around 7 p.m. Soufi’s communication with the vessel also corroborated Mostafa’s account that people moved from one side of the boat to the other after water bottles were passed from the cargo ships, causing it to sway dangerously.

      The haunting final words sent from the migrant boat came just minutes before it capsized. According to a timeline published by NGO Alarm Phone they received a call, at around 1:45 a.m., with the words “Hello my friend… The ship you send is…” Then the call cuts out.

      The coast guard says the vessel began to sink at around 2 a.m.

      The next known activity in the area, according to marine traffic data, was the arrival of a cluster of vessels starting around 3 a.m. The Mayan Queen superyacht was the first on the scene for what soon became a mass rescue operation.

      A responsibility to rescue

      Human rights groups say the authorities had a duty to act to save lives, regardless of what people on board were saying to the coast guard before the migrant boat capsized.

      “The boat was overcrowded, was unseaworthy and should have been rescued and people taken to safety, that’s quite clear,” UNHCR Special Envoy for the Central Mediterranean Vincent Cochetel told CNN in an interview. “There was a responsibility for the Greek authorities to coordinate a rescue to bring those people safely to land.”

      Cochetel also pointed to a growing trend by countries, including Greece, to assist migrant boats in leaving their waters. “That’s a practice we’ve seen in recent months. Some coastal states provide food, provide water, sometimes life jackets, sometimes even fuel to allow such boats to continue to only one destination: Italy. And that’s not fair, Italy cannot cope with that responsibility alone.”

      Survivors who say the coast guard tried to tow their boat say they don’t know what the aim was.

      There have been multiple documented examples in recent years of Greek patrol boats engaging in so-called “pushbacks” of migrant vessels from Greek waters in recent years, including in a CNN investigation in 2020.

      “It looks like what the Greeks have been doing since March 2020 as a matter of policy, which is pushbacks and trying to tow a boat to another country’s water in order to avoid the legal responsibility to rescue,” Omer Shatz, legal director of NGO Front-LEX, told CNN. “Because rescue means disembarkation and disembarkation means processing of asylum requests.”

      Pushbacks are state measures aimed at forcing refugees and migrants out of their territory, while impeding access to legal and procedural frameworks, according to the Berlin-based European Center for Constitutional and Human Rights (ECCHR). They are a violation of international law, as well as European regulations.

      And such measures do not appear to have deterred human traffickers whose businesses prey on vulnerable and desperate migrants.

      In an interview with CNN last month, then Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis denied that his country engaged in intentional pushbacks and described them as a “completely unacceptable practice.” Mitsotakis is widely expected to win a second term in office in Sunday’s election, after failing to get an outright majority in a vote last month.

      A series of Greek governments have been criticized for their handling of migration policy, including conditions in migrant camps, particularly following the 2015-16 refugee crisis, when more than 1 million people entered Europe through the country.

      For those who lived through last week’s sinking, the harrowing experience will never be forgotten.

      Mostafa and Rami both say they wish they had never made the journey, despite the fact they are now in Europe and are able to claim asylum.

      Most of all, Mostafa says, he wishes the Greek coast guard had never approached their boat: “If they had left us be, we wouldn’t have drowned.”

      https://edition.cnn.com/2023/06/23/europe/greece-migrant-boat-disaster-investigation-intl-cmd/index.html
      #témoignage

    • Greece shipwreck survivors faced ’unacceptable’ conditions on arrival in country

      NGOs say survivors of sinking are being held in a closed centre with limited access to psychological support

      Survivors of the Pylos shipwreck, which has left an estimated 500 people missing, faced an “unacceptable” reception in Greece and continue to be held in conditions unsuitable for vulnerable people, NGO workers say.

      The overloaded fishing trawler carrying an estimated 750 people capsized and sank in front of the Greek coastguard last week, following an allegedly botched attempt by the coastguard to tow the vessel.

      The survivors, put at 104 and all men - as no women or children are said to have survived the wreck - were taken to Kalamata, a city on the Peloponnese peninsula, where they were kept in a storage warehouse for two to three days before being transferred to an asylum registration facility at Malakasa, north of Athens.

      “We witnessed an unacceptable reception of extremely vulnerable people in Kalamata,” Eleni Spathanaa, a volunteer lawyer for Refugee Support Aegean, an organisation providing legal advice for the survivors of the wreck, told Middle East Eye.

      Survivors slept on mattresses on the warehouse floor, and the area around it was ringed with fencing. A video posted on Twitter showed a Syrian teenager attempting to embrace his brother through the bars.

      According to Spathanaa, in the first few days no concerted effort was made by authorities to facilitate contact with the survivors’ families, although the Greek Red Cross was providing some access to mobile phones.

      A suffocating experience

      The survivors were transported to a registration facility in Malakasa on 16 and 17 June.

      According to Spathanaa, conditions at #Malakasa are not much of an improvement on those at Kalamata. Survivors are housed in shared shipping containers, and, as at #Kalamata, the facility is ring-fenced, with access severely restricted.

      The prison-like conditions came as a shock.

      “We witnessed... people devastated [and in] shock. They could not even understand where they were,” said Spathanaa. "I could not understand why they were put in a closed centre. Of course, these conditions are not suitable for people who have just survived a shipwreck.

      “These people were [contained], after such a suffocating experience - all of them have lost friends, some of them close relatives... they cannot even conceive what has happened.”

      According to Spathanaa, some of the survivors’ basic needs are not being met at the facility, with some reporting that requests for extra clothing to keep warm at night have been refused. Requests for tea, coffee and cigarettes were also reportedly denied.

      Spathanaa and her colleagues also found that, despite suffering from acute distress, the survivors were being “fast-tracked” through the process of registration for asylum applications.

      “This was quite problematic because most of the people [we met] had not even seen a lawyer before passing through this process,” she said.

      Emergency psychological and medical aid at the facility is being provided by the NGO Doctors Without Borders (MSF). “We saw a lot of distress,” MSF head of mission Sonia Balleron told MEE. “The medical team is clear that [the survivors] are all potentially at risk of PTSD [post-traumatic stress disorder].”

      The team have reported treating chemical burns, injuries from exposure to the sun and sea water, as well as hypo-glycaemic shock (the effect of low blood sugar), due to the people aboard the boat being deprived of food for up to six days.

      According to Balleron, many of the survivors are suffering from sleep disorders and night terrors in the wake of the disaster.

      “What we hear mostly... is people [recalling] seeing their friends dying in front of their eyes,” said Balleron. “They also talk about not knowing who survived and who died, which is causing a lot of stress. Families are calling a lot to try to understand if their relatives are among the survivors or not.”
      A political choice

      For Spathanaa, the conditions experienced by the survivors of the wreck on arrival in Kalamata and Malakasa are no accident, but a “political choice”.

      At the end of 2022, the ESTIA accommodation scheme, an EU funded housing programme for vulnerable asylum seekers, was terminated. The programme, which was started in 2015, was intended to assist families with children, people with disabilities and survivors of torture with suitable housing and medical care.

      When it closed on 16 December, vulnerable asylum seekers were transferred from ESTIA accommodation to remote camps with as little as 24 hours’ notice. Human rights groups warned that the curtailment of the scheme could exacerbate isolation of asylum seekers and “re-traumatise” survivors of violence and torture.

      “We have these vulnerable survivors, and we don’t have the option of sheltering them in dignified and suitable conditions,” said Spathanaa. “I don’t think if the shipwreck’s passengers were tourists, that they would treat them like that. They wouldn’t put them in a warehouse.”

      This is not lost on the international community. Social media posts in the wake of the disaster have highlighted the discrepancy in the efforts by the Greek coastguard to prevent last week’s wreck with the resources expended on recovering the missing Titan submarine in the Atlantic Ocean.

      Widespread protests in Greece over the authorities’ inaction to the disaster have also highlighted the inequities that play out in the waters of the Mediterranean: on 18 June, two cruise ships were greeted at Thessaloniki port with a banner reading: “Tourists enjoy your cruise in Europe’s biggest migrants cemetery.”

      https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/greece-shipwreck-survivors-unacceptable-conditions-upon-arrival
      #emprisonnement #survivants

    • On the night of June 14, Captain Richard Kirkby is piloting the Mayan Queen IV, a luxury yacht belonging to a Mexican multibillionaire, through the calm, black waters of the Mediterranean when he receives an emergency call. “Ship sinking. Large number of people. Vessels in the vicinity are requested to initiate search and rescue operations.” The crew hears the screams from people drowning before they can see them.

      The shipwreck that takes place that night would turn out to be the deadliest in the Mediterranean in many years. Around 750 people are thought to have been on board the fishing boat that went down off the coast of the Peloponnese. When the Mayan Queen IV reaches the site at 2:55 a.m., only the lights of another ship can be seen. They belong to the Greek Coast Guard, vessel LS 920 – according to investigation files that DER SPIEGEL and its partners have acquired.

      But the Greeks cannot be reached via radio. So three crew members from the Mayan Queen IV climb into a life boat and start searching for survivors, constantly heading toward the cries for help. They stay as quiet as they can so as not to miss a single voice. Ultimately, they will pull 15 people out of the water.

      Early in the morning, the Greek Coast Guard requests permission to bring additional survivors on board. The Greek vessel is too small to safely bring all the survivors to shore. But the Mayan Queen IV – a ship with four decks, tinted windows and a helicopter landing pad – is large enough. At 7:20 a.m., the yacht sets course for Kalamata. On board are 100 of a total of 104 survivors – migrants wrapped in silver emergency blankets cowering where the super-rich are normally sunning themselves.
      Survivors if the shipwreck in the port of Kalamata: “Ship sinking. Large number of people.”

      Hundreds of refugees don’t survive this night – despite the fact that the Greek Coast Guard arrived at the site several hours before the accident. As early as the morning of the previous day, an Italian agency had sent them a warning and a non-governmental organization had forwarded an SOS from the fishing boat. Even the European Union border control agency Frontex had identified the ship’s plight and offered additional assistance. How can it be that hundreds of migrants died anyway? It is a question that has plagued the Greek Coast Guard for the last two weeks.

      The accusations that survivors have leveled at the Greeks are serious: Did the Coast Guard leave the people to their fate for too long? Were they trying to pull the ship into Italian waters – as some testimony seems to indicate? Perhaps to keep hundreds of migrants from landing in Greece?

      A team of reporters from DER SPIEGEL joined forces with the nonprofit newsroom Lighthouse Reports, investigative journalism consortium Reporters United, the Spanish newspaper El País, the Syrian investigative reporting outlet Siraj and the German public broadcaster ARD to explore these questions. The reporters interviewed survivors, many of whom had already turned to the aid organization Consolidated Rescue Group. They examined leaked investigative reports, videos and geodata and spoke with sources inside Frontex.

      The reporting indicates that, at the very least, the Greek Coast Guard may have made grave errors. Sixteen refugees have accused the Greeks, for example, of causing the fishing boat to capsize, while seven are convinced that Greek rescue attempts were hesitant at best – which would mean they were willing to accept the deaths of hundreds of people. There are also serious doubts about the willingness of Greek authorities to thoroughly investigate the disaster. The leaked investigation reports raise questions as to whether Greek officials may have altered testimony in their favor.

      One of those who survived, we’ll call him Manhal Abdulkareem, tells his story in mid-June from the Greek camp Malakasa. He requests that we not use his real name or even describe him out of fear of how the Greek authorities might react. What he has to say does not paint them in a positive light.

      The Syrian once worked as a stonemason in Jordan. Last spring, he decided to risk the crossing to Italy. He traveled to Libya and boarded the vessel in the port city of Tobruk on June 9. Abdulkareem is one of hundreds of people who crowded onto the vessel, and he was one of the lucky ones: He was able to buy himself a place on deck. Later, it would save his life.

      Other refugees crowded into the boat’s cold storage room. According to survivors, women and children were below decks, many of them from Pakistan. For them, the belly of the ship would turn into a coffin.

      Abdulkareem’s account of the initial days onboard the ship is consistent with the stories told by other survivors. He says that they began running out of water on the third of five days onboard, that the motor cut out on several occasions and that the captain seemed to have lost his orientation. The goal of reaching Italy was more distant than ever.

      The Greek Coast Guard was also aware of the dire situation onboard the fishing boat. On the morning of June 13, they received the first warning from the Italian Coast Guard. Frontex agents filmed the ship from the air at midday. At 5:13 p.m. local time, the non-governmental organization Alarmphone wrote an email to the Greek authorities. The email noted that there were 750 people on the ship. “They are requesting urgent assistance.”

      At the time of the call for help, the fishing vessel was around 80 kilometers (50 miles) off the coast of the Peloponnese. Nevertheless, the Greek Coast Guard sent a ship that was anchored in far-away Crete.

      At least two freighters supplied the fishing vessel with water, but they didn’t take anyone onboard. Abdulkareem and other survivors say that by this point, two passengers on the boat had already died. The Greek Coast Guard ship only arrived at 10:40 p.m.

      There are two versions for what then took place.

      Manhal Abdulkareem reports that the Greek Coast Guard escorted their ship for a time, until the fishing boat’s engine again cut out. Then, he says, the Coast Guard attached a rope to the vessel. “We thought they knew what they were doing,” says Abdulkareem.

      The Coast Guard, he says, towed the vessel at a rapid speed, first to the right, then the left, and then back to the right – and then it capsized. Fifteen additional survivors tell a similar story. Some believe the behavior of the Coast Guard was accidental. Others think it was intentional.

      When the vessel capsized, there were people trapped inside its hull. One survivor says he heard them knocking. Those who were on deck jumped into the water. “People were falling on us,” says one man from Egypt. Some clung to the sinking vessel, while others grabbed in a panic for anything that was floating, including other people.

      “I know how to swim, but that wasn’t enough,” Abdulkareem would later say. He says he had to avoid others so that he wouldn’t be pulled down into the depths. Four survivors say that the Coast Guard put those in the water in even greater danger by maneuvering in such a way that created large waves.

      While still in the water, Abdulkareem began searching for his brother, but was unable to find him. As the vessel was sinking, say survivors, the Greek Coast Guard ship pulled back to a distance of hundreds of meters.

      Abdulkareem and six others accuse the Greeks of delayed rescue efforts and only launching inflatable dinghies after significant time had passed. Some estimate that several minutes passed before they took any action at all. Others say the delay was fully half an hour. “They could have saved many people,” says a survivor from Syria. Abdulkareem’s brother still hasn’t been found.

      The Greek Coast Guard has a competing account for what took place. According to an official log from June 14, their ship reported on the evening prior to the disaster that the refugees were “on a stable course” – a claim that video evidence and tracking data refute. The people on board, according to the official account, rejected assistance because they “wanted nothing more than to continue onward to Italy.” If the Greek Coast Guard is to be believed, the fishing boat capsized shortly after 2 a.m. The first official log provides no cause for the accident.

      Later, the Greek government spokesman said that the Coast Guard had attached a rope to the boat. But only to “stabilize” the vessel. By the time of the accident, the rope had already been cast off, the spokesman said, and the fishing vessel had never been towed. The rope, he insists, was not the cause of the shipwreck. In an interview with CNN, a Coast Guard spokesman speculated that panic may have broken out onboard, leading to the boat listing to one side.

      There is no proof for either version. But doubts about the Greek account are significant, even within Frontex. At the agency’s headquarters in Warsaw, EU border guards can follow in real time what is taking place on the EU’s external borders. In this case, the agents must have realized early on the danger that the migrants were in.

      On two occasions – at 6:35 p.m. and at 9:34 p.m. – they offered to send the airplane back to the ship that the migrants had already seen at midday. It was refueled and ready to take off, according to an internal memo that DER SPIEGEL has obtained. But the Greek Rescue Coordination Center in Piraeus, Frontex says, ignored the offer. The plane remained on the ground.

      The only other available aircraft, a Frontex drone, was initially sent to another distress call, according to Frontex. It only arrived at the scene after the fishing vessel had sunk. In Brussels, hardly anyone believes that the rebuff of Frontex was an accident. Many see a pattern: Greek authorities systematically send away Frontex units, says one Brussels official. That happens particularly often, the official says, in situations that later turn out to be controversial.

      The mistrust with which Athens now finds itself confronted – even from EU institutions – has a lot to do with previous violations of international law on the Aegean. The Greek Coast Guard has repeatedly towed groups of refugees back into Turkish waters – before then abandoning them on life rafts with no means of propulsion.

      Proof for such pushbacks has become so overwhelming that the Frontex fundamental rights officer recently recommended that the organization suspend cooperation with the Greek Coast Guard. The “strongest possible measures” are necessary to ensure that the Greeks once again begin complying with applicable law, reads an internal memo that DER SPIEGEL has obtained. Joint missions can only be resumed once a new basis for trust has been established, the memo continues.

      The skepticism has become so great that Frontex has even sent a team to Greece to question survivors itself. Two Frontex officials say that the results of investigations conducted thus far seem to contradict the Greek version of events. One Greek lawyer is even demanding an official state investigation of the Coast Guard for manslaughter through failure to render aid.

      Most survivors, though, don’t believe that the Greek state will investigate the role played by its own Coast Guard. The treatment they received in the days following the catastrophe was too poor for such optimism.

      Sami Al Yafi, a young Syrian, is one of them. He, too, has asked that his real name not be printed out of fear of the Greek authorities. He accuses the Coast Guard of manipulating his statement. He claims to have clearly testified that the Coast Guard had caused the ship to capsize, but he was unable to find that statement in the transcript of his interview. An additional survivor says that he had a similar experience.

      There are also corresponding inconsistencies in the investigation file. In six instances, according to the file, survivors said nothing about a tow rope in their first interview with the Coast Guard – or at least there is no mention of such in the minutes taken by the Coast Guard. Later, in interviews with public prosecutors, they then accused the Coast Guard of causing the capsizing by towing the vessel.

      Moreover, the minutes taken by the Greek Coast Guard frequently include the exact same formulations. According to those minutes, four survivors used exactly the same words in describing the events – despite the fact that the interviews were led by different interpreters. In one case, a member of the Coast Guard apparently acted as an interpreter.

      When approached for comment, Greek officials said they were unable to comment on the accusations. The accounts, they said, are part of a confidential investigation. They said they were also unable to comment on the actions of the Coast Guard.

      Manhal Abdulkareem, the man who lost his brother, isn’t satisfied. “We are a group of 104 survivors,” he says. All of them know, he says, who caused the boat to capsize.

      On at least one occasion, Greek officials have been found guilty of accusations similar to those that have now been lodged by Abdulkareem and other survivors. It was left up to the European Court of Human Rights to pass that verdict. Last year, the court found that the Greek Coast Guard in 2014 towed a refugee boat until it capsized. Three women and eight children died in that incident. Then, too, the Coast Guard claimed that panic had broken out onboard the vessel and that the refugees themselves had caused the boat to capsize. It is the exact same story they are currently telling.

      https://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/new-accusations-against-the-greek-coast-guard-we-thought-they-knew-what-they

    • Everyone Knew the Migrant Ship Was Doomed. No One Helped.

      Satellite imagery, sealed court documents and interviews with survivors suggest that hundreds of deaths were preventable.

      From air and by sea, using radar, telephone and radio, officials watched and listened for 13 hours as the migrant ship Adriana lost power, then drifted aimlessly off the coast of Greece in a slowly unfolding humanitarian disaster.

      As terrified passengers telephoned for help, humanitarian workers assured them that a rescue team was coming. European border officials, watching aerial footage, prepared to witness what was certain to be a heroic operation.

      Yet the Adriana capsized and sank in the presence of a single Greek Coast Guard ship last month, killing more than 600 migrants in a maritime tragedy that was shocking even for the world’s deadliest migrant route.

      Satellite imagery, sealed court documents, more than 20 interviews with survivors and officials, and a flurry of radio signals transmitted in the final hours suggest that the scale of death was preventable.

      Dozens of officials and coast guard crews monitored the ship, yet the Greek government treated the situation like a law enforcement operation, not a rescue. Rather than send a navy hospital ship or rescue specialists, the authorities sent a team that included four masked, armed men from a coast guard special operations unit.

      The Greek authorities have repeatedly said that the Adriana was sailing to Italy, and that the migrants did not want to be rescued. But satellite imagery and tracking data obtained by The New York Times show definitively that the Adriana was drifting in a loop for its last six and a half hours. And in sworn testimony, survivors described passengers on the ship’s upper decks calling for help and even trying to jump aboard a commercial tanker that had stopped to provide drinking water.

      On board the Adriana, the roughly 750 passengers descended into violence and desperation. Every movement threatened to capsize the ship. Survivors described beatings and panic as they waited for a rescue that would never come.

      The sinking of the Adriana is an extreme example of a longtime standoff in the Mediterranean. Ruthless smugglers in North Africa cram people onto shoddy vessels, and passengers hope that, if things go wrong, they will be taken to safety. But European coast guards often postpone rescues out of fear that helping will embolden smugglers to send more people on ever-flimsier ships. And as European politics have swung to the right, each new arriving ship is a potential political flashpoint.

      So even as passengers on the Adriana called for help, the authorities chose to listen to the boat’s captain, a 22-year-old Egyptian man who said he wanted to continue to Italy. Smuggling captains are typically paid only when they reach their destinations.

      The Greek Ministry of Maritime Affairs said it would not respond to detailed questions because the shipwreck was under criminal investigation.

      Despite many hours of on-and-off surveillance, the only eyewitnesses to the Adriana’s final moments were the survivors and 13 crew members aboard the coast guard ship, known as the 920. A Maritime Ministry spokesman has said that the ship’s night-vision camera was switched off at the time. Court documents show that the coast guard captain gave the authorities a CD-ROM containing video recordings, but the source of the recordings is unclear, and they have not been made public.

      Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis of Greece defended the coast guard during comments in Brussels this past week, calling its critics “profoundly unfair.” The sinking has brought rare public criticism from officials in the European Union, which has remained silent as the Greek government has hardened its stance toward migrants.

      In Greece, nine Egyptian survivors from the Adriana were arrested and charged with smuggling and causing the shipwreck. In sworn testimonies and interviews, survivors said that many of the nine brutalized and extorted passengers. But interviews with relatives of those accused paint a more complicated picture. At least one of the men charged with being a smuggler had himself paid a full fee of more than $4,000 to be on the ship.

      Collectively paying as much as $3.5 million to be smuggled to Italy, migrants crammed into the Adriana in what survivors recalled was a hellish class system: Pakistanis at the bottom; women and children in the middle; and Syrians, Palestinians and Egyptians at the top.

      An extra $50 or so could earn someone a spot on the deck. For some, that turned out to be the difference between life and death.

      Many of the passengers, at least 350, came from Pakistan, the Pakistani government said. Most were in the lower decks and the ship’s hold. Of them, 12 survived.

      The women and young children went down with the ship.
      Setting Sail

      Kamiran Ahmad, a Syrian teenager, a month shy of his 18th birthday, had arrived in Tobruk, Libya, with hopes for a new life. He had worked with his father, a tailor, after school. His parents sold land to pay smugglers to take him to Italy, praying that he would make it to Germany to study, work and maybe send some money home.
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      “We had no choice but to send him by sea,” his father said in an interview.

      But as the Adriana set sail at dawn on June 9, Kamiran was worried. His cousin, Roghaayan Adil Ehmed, 24, who went with him, could not swim. And the boat was overcrowded, with nearly twice as many passengers as he had been told.

      No life vests were available, so Roghaayan paid $600 to get himself, Kamiran and a friend to an upper deck.

      They were part of a group of 11 young men and boys from Kobani, a mainly Kurdish city in Syria devastated by more than decade of war. The group stayed in dingy, rented rooms in Beirut, Lebanon, then flew to Egypt and on to Libya.

      The youngest, Waleed Mohammad Qasem, 14, wanted to be a doctor. When he heard that his uncle Mohammad Fawzi Sheikhi was going to Europe, he begged to go. On the flight to Egypt, the two smiled for a selfie.

      Haseeb ur-Rehman, 20, a motorcycle mechanic from the Pakistan-administrated Kashmir, felt he had to leave home to help his family survive. Together with three friends, he paid $8,000 and left for Libya.

      He was one of the few Pakistanis who managed to snatch a spot on deck.

      The journey, if all went well, would take three days.

      As early as the second day, survivors recalled, the engine started breaking down.
      Lost

      By Day 3, food and clean drinking water had run out. Some migrants put dried prunes in seawater, hoping the sweetness would mellow the saltiness. Others paid young men $20 for dirty water.

      Unrest spread as it became clear that the captain, who was spending most of his time on a satellite phone, had lost his way.

      When Pakistanis pushed toward the upper deck, Egyptian men working with the captain beat them, often with a belt, according to testimony. Those men, some of whom are among the nine arrested in Greece, emerged as enforcers of discipline.

      Ahmed Ezzat, 26, from the Nile Delta, was among them. He is accused of smuggling people and causing the shipwreck. In an interview, his brother, Islam Ezzat, said that Ahmed disappeared from their village in mid-May and re-emerged in Libya weeks later. He said a smuggler had sent someone to the family home to collect 140,000 Egyptian pounds, or $4,500, the standard fee for a spot on the Adriana.

      Islam said he did not believe Ahmed had been involved in the smuggling because he had paid the fee. He said the family was cooperating with the Egyptian authorities. Ahmed, like the others who have been charged, has pleaded not guilty.
      ‘They Will Rescue You’

      By Day 4, according to testimonies and interviews, six people in the hold of the ship, including at least one child, had died.

      The next day, June 13, as the Adriana lurched toward Italy between engine breakdowns, migrants on deck persuaded the captain to send a distress call to the Italian authorities.

      The Adriana was in international waters then, and the captain was focused on getting to Italy. Experts who study this migratory route say that captains are typically paid on arrival. That is supported by some survivors who said their fees were held by middlemen, to be paid once they had arrived safely in Italy.

      The captain, some survivors recalled, said the Italian authorities would rescue the ship and take people to shore.

      Just before 1 p.m., a glimmer of hope appeared in the sky. A plane.

      Frontex, the European Union border agency, had been alerted by the Italian authorities that the Adriana was in trouble and rushed to its coordinates. There was no doubt the ship was perilously overloaded, E.U. officials said, and unlikely to make it to any port without help.

      Images of the rusty blue fishing boat appeared in the Frontex command center in Warsaw, where two German journalists happened to be touring, a Frontex spokesman said. The Adriana was a chance to showcase the agency’s ability to detect ships in distress and save lives.

      Now that Frontex had seen the ship, which was in Greece’s search-and-rescue area of international waters, the Greek authorities would surely rush to help.

      Two hours later, a Greek Coast Guard helicopter flew past. Its aerial photographs show the ship’s upper decks crammed with people waving their hands.

      Nawal Soufi, an Italian activist, fielded calls from frantic migrants.

      “I’m sure that they will rescue you,” she told them. “But be patient. It won’t be immediate.”
      Mayday

      Around 7 p.m. on June 13, almost seven hours after Frontex spotted the Adriana, the Greek authorities asked two nearby commercial tankers to bring the migrants water, food and diesel to continue their journey, according to video recordings and court documents.

      A crucial part of the Greek authorities’ explanation for not rescuing the Adriana is their claim that it was actively sailing toward Italy. When the BBC, using data from neighboring vessels, reported that the Adriana had been practically idle for several hours before it sank, the Greek government noted that the ship had covered 30 nautical miles toward Italy since its detection by Frontex.

      But satellite imagery and data from the ship-tracking platform MarineTraffic show that the Adriana was adrift for its final seven hours or so. Radar satellite imagery from the European Space Agency shows that by the time the Greeks summoned the commercial ships, the Adriana had already reached its closest point to Italy.

      From then on, it was drifting backward.

      The first tanker, the Lucky Sailor, arrived within minutes. The second, the Faithful Warrior, arrived in about two and a half hours. The captain of the Faithful Warrior reported that some passengers had thrown back supplies and screamed that they wanted to continue to Italy. How many people actually rejected help is unclear, but they included the Adriana’s captain and the handful of men who terrorized the passengers, according to survivors’ testimonies and interviews.

      Others were placing distress calls. Alarm Phone, a nonprofit group that fields migrant mayday calls, immediately and repeatedly told the Greek authorities, Frontex and the United Nations refugee agency that people on the Adriana were desperate to be rescued. Several passengers testified that they had tried to jump aboard the Faithful Warrior. But the migrants said that the frenzy only destabilized the Adriana, so the Faithful Warrior withdrew.

      As night fell, the Faithful Warrior’s captain told the Greek control center that the Adriana was “rocking dangerously.”

      Radio transmission records show that, over five hours, the Greek control center transmitted five messages across the Mediterranean using a channel reserved for safety and distress calls.

      Henrik Flornaes, a Danish father of two on a yacht far from the area, said he heard two mayday relay signals that night. They provided coordinates near the location of the Adriana, he said.

      A mayday relay directs nearby ships to begin a search and rescue.

      But the Greek Coast Guard itself mounted no such mission at this point.
      An End Foretold

      As midnight of June 14 approached, the Greek Coast Guard vessel 920, the only government ship dispatched to the scene, arrived alongside the Adriana.

      The presence of the 920 did not reassure the migrants. Several said in interviews that they were unsettled by the masked men. In the past, the Greek government has used the coast guard to deter migration. In May, The Times published video footage showing officers rounding up migrants and ditching them on a raft in the Aegean Sea.

      The mission of the 920 is unclear, as is what happened after it arrived and floated nearby for three hours. Some survivors say it tried to tow the Adriana, capsizing it. The coast guard denied that at first, then acknowledged throwing a rope to the trawler, but said that was hours before it sank.

      To be sure, attempts to remove passengers might have backfired. Sudden changes in weight distribution on an overcrowded, swaying ship could have capsized it. And while the 920 was larger was than the Adriana, it was not clear if had space to accommodate the migrant passengers.

      But Greece, one of the world’s foremost maritime nations, was equipped to carry out a rescue. Navy ships, including those with medical resources, could have arrived in the 13 hours after the Frontex alert.

      Exactly what capsized the ship is unclear. The coast guard blames a commotion on the ship. But everyone agrees that it swayed once to the left, then to the right, and then flipped.

      Those on deck were tossed into the sea. Panicking people stepped on each other in the dark, desperately using each other to come up for air, to stay alive.

      At the water’s surface, some clung to pieces of wood, surrounded by drowned friends, relatives and strangers. Others climbed onto the ship’s sinking hull. Coast guard crew members pulled dozens of people from the sea. One person testified that he had initially swum away from the 920, fearing that the crew would drown him.

      Waleed Mohammad Qasem, the 14-year-old who wanted to be a doctor, drowned. So did his uncle, who had posed with him for a selfie. The ship’s captain also died.

      Hundreds of people, including the women and young children, inside the Adriana stood no chance. They would have been flipped upside down, hurled together against the ship as the sea poured in. The ship took them down within a minute.

      Haseeb ur-Rehman, the Pakistani motorcycle mechanic on the top deck, survived. “It was in my destiny,” he said from a migrant camp near Athens. “Otherwise, my body would have been lost, like the other people in the boat.”

      Near the end, Kamiran Ahmad, the teenager who had hoped to study in Germany, turned to his cousin Roghaayan. From the migrant center in Greece, the older cousin remembered his words: “Didn’t I tell you we were going to die? Didn’t I tell you we were already dead?”

      Both went into the water. Kamiran’s body has not been recovered.

      https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/01/world/europe/greece-migrant-ship.html

  • Relatives informed us about a group stranded on an islet on #Evros river. The position they sent shows the people on #Greek territory. On the phone, the border guard station of #Soufli promised a quick rescue. We have no direct contact with the group & hope help is on its way!

    https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1600837138345361408

    Commentaire de Lena K sur twitter :

    This seems to be the same islet where people were trapped on in July & August. The ministry announcement states that the coordinates of group ’do not belong to the 🇬🇷 territory’. The 🇬🇷 MoD said it’s crossed by the borderline. Again, this raises the question of non-rescue.

    https://twitter.com/lk2015r/status/1601279830204370944

    #limbe #zone_frontalière #île #Evros #asile #migrations #réfugiés #frontières #fleuve_Evros #Turquie #Grèce #Thrace #îlots

    –—

    ajouté à la métaliste sur #métaliste sur des #réfugiés abandonnés sur des #îlots dans la région de l’#Evros, #frontière_terrestre entre la #Grèce et la #Turquie :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/953343

    • Εβρος : Συναγερμός για ομάδα μεταναστών σε νησίδα – Ανήκει στην τουρκική επικράτεια

      Σε έλεγχο που έγινε σήμερα από τις ελληνικές αρχές, δεν εντοπίστηκαν άτομα επάνω στη νησίδα

      Για την ύπαρξη περίπου δέκα μεταναστών σε νησίδα του Έβρου ειδοποιήθηκε η Ελληνική Αστυνομία από τη ΜΚΟ « Watch the Med ».

      Οι ελληνικές αρχές, σε συνεργασία με την αρμόδια υπηρεσία του Γενικού Επιτελείου Στρατού, εξέτασαν τις συντεταγμένες που τους δόθηκαν και προέκυψε ότι το σημείο δεν ανήκει στην ελληνική επικράτεια.

      Σύμφωνα με τη σχετική ανακοίνωση του υπουργείου Προστασίας του Πολίτη, αμέσως ενημερώθηκαν η ΜΚΟ και η Frontex, ενώ ειδοποιήθηκαν με ΝΟΤΑΜ οι τουρκικές αρχές στο τριεθνή σταθμό του Καπετάν Αντρέεβο για την περισυλλογή των μεταναστών.

      Σε έλεγχο που έγινε σήμερα από τις ελληνικές αρχές, δεν εντοπίστηκαν άτομα επάνω στη νησίδα.

      Δεν είναι γνωστό, πάντως, εάν έγινε περισυλλογή τους από τις τουρκικές αρχές.

      Η ανακοίνωση του υπουργείου

      « Η Ελληνική Αστυνομία ειδοποιήθηκε χθες (8/12/2022) τις πρώτες πρωινές ώρες από την ΜΚΟ « Watch the Med » για ύπαρξη παράνομων μεταναστών σε νησίδα του Έβρου. Οι ελληνικές αρχές σε συνεργασία με την αρμόδια υπηρεσία του Γενικού Επιτελείου Στρατού εξέτασαν τις συντεταγμένες που τους δόθηκαν.

       » Από τον έλεγχο προέκυψε ότι το σημείο δεν ανήκει στην Ελληνική επικράτεια. Αμέσως, ενημερώθηκαν η ΜΚΟ, ο Frontex και ειδοποιήθηκαν με ΝΟΤΑΜ οι τουρκικές αρχές στο τριεθνή σταθμό του Καπετάν Αντρέεβο για την περισυλλογή των μεταναστών ».

      https://www.in.gr/2022/12/09/greece/evros-synagermos-gia-omada-metanaston-se-nisida-anikei-stin-tourkiki-epikrateia

    • 18.01.2023 :

      Now the ~48 people are again on #Greek territory where they wish to exercise their right to claim asylum. They’re without clean drinking water or food and suffer from the cold weather. We hope this time their rights will be upheld! We demand their immediate safety and protection!

      –—

      “On 19 January 2023, the Court (the duty judge) decided, in the interests of the parties and the proper conduct of the proceedings before it, to indicate to the Government of #Greece, under Rule 39, that the applicants should not be removed from Greece and be provided with food, water and adequate medical care as needed until further notice.
      The parties’ attention is drawn to the fact that failure of a Contracting State to comply with a measure indicated under Rule 39 may entail a breach of Article 34 of the Convention.”

      The #Didymoticho border guards told us that a decision to rescue needs to come from the ministry. When the people called 112, they were told that “the mayor of the area must sign the court decision in order to be evacuated”.


      https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1615764908486070272

  • 50 réfugiés bloqués sans secours sur une île d’Evros
    Παραμένουν αβοήθητοι σε νησίδα του Εβρου

    Καμιά κίνηση από την κυβέρνηση για τους 50 πρόσφυγες που έχουν εγκλωβιστεί στον ποταμό μετά τη βίαιη απόπειρα επαναπροώθησής τους από τις ελληνικές αρχές, παρά την εντολή που έδωσε το Ευρωπαϊκό Δικαστήριο ● Καμιά έρευνα για τους τρεις Σύρους που πέθαναν ο ένας έπειτα από ξυλοδαρμό και οι άλλοι δύο όταν εξαναγκάστηκαν να πέσουν στο ποτάμι χωρίς να ξέρουν κολύμπι

    Εγκαταλειμμένοι σε νησίδα του Εβρου παρέμεναν, τουλάχιστον μέχρι αργά χθες το απόγευμα, για όγδοη ημέρα 50 πρόσφυγες που κατήγγειλαν μέσω των οργανώσεων Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες και HumanRights360 τον θάνατο ενός Σύρου έπειτα από ξυλοδαρμό της ομάδας στην ελληνική όχθη και τον πνιγμό άλλων δύο Σύρων, οι οποίοι εξαναγκάστηκαν να πέσουν στο ποτάμι για να κολυμπήσουν προς την τουρκική όχθη ενώ δεν ήξεραν κολύμπι. Σύμφωνα με νεότερες πληροφορίες, πρόκειται για δύο Σύρους, 17 και 23 χρόνων, από το Χαλέπι, τα ονόματα των οποίων βρίσκονται στη διάθεση της « Εφ.Συν. ».

    Παρά τη σοβαρότητα των καταγγελιών, που απαιτούν ανεξάρτητη και αξιόπιστη έρευνα, η κυβέρνηση εξακολουθούσε να τηρεί σιγή ιχθύος μιάμιση μέρα μετά την αποκάλυψή τους από την « Εφ.Συν. », ενώ δεν έχει έχει γίνει γνωστή καμία αντίδραση των Αρχών, ούτε η έναρξη ποινικής ή πειθαρχικής διαδικασίας.

    Οπως έγινε γνωστό σε νεότερη επικοινωνία με τους πρόσφυγες και άλλες πηγές, το πτώμα του άνδρα που πέθανε στην ελληνική όχθη δεν ξεβράστηκε τελικά στην Τουρκία, όπως ανέφεραν οι πρώτες πληροφορίες, αλλά βρέθηκε στην Ιατροδικαστική Υπηρεσία του Εβρου, ενώ οι συγγενείς ζητούν να τους παραδοθεί για να ταφεί στην Τουρκία. Σε επικοινωνία της « Εφ.Συν. » με τον ιατροδικαστή του Εβρου Παύλο Παυλίδη την Τετάρτη, ο κ. Παυλίδης σημείωσε ότι υπάρχουν πολλοί μετανάστες νεκροί, αλλά δεν έφτασε στην υπηρεσία κανένας μετανάστης νεκρός την περασμένη εβδομάδα.

    Οι πρόσφυγες, ανάμεσά τους μια 70χρονη με πρόβλημα σακχάρου, τρεις έγκυοι και δώδεκα παιδιά, παραμένουν εγκλωβισμένοι στη νησίδα παρά το γεγονός ότι το Ευρωπαϊκό Δικαστήριο για τα Δικαιώματα του Ανθρώπου, ανταποκρινόμενο σε κατεπείγον αίτημα ασφαλιστικών μέτρων μέσω των δύο οργανώσεων, έδωσε εντολή την Πέμπτη στην ελληνική κυβέρνηση να μην απομακρυνθούν από την Ελλάδα, αλλά να διασφαλιστεί ότι έχουν νερό, τρόφιμα και φάρμακα και να καταγραφεί το αίτημά τους για άσυλο. Παρά την επείγουσα εντολή, μέχρι χθες το απόγευμα δεν είχε γίνει γνωστή καμία κινητοποίηση των Αρχών για τον εντοπισμό και τη διάσωση των προσφύγων.
    Αντίδραση ΣΥΡΙΖΑ

    Την αποκάλυψη της « Εφ.Συν. » ακολούθησε η άμεση αντίδραση του ΣΥΡΙΖΑ-Π.Σ., που ζήτησε άμεση ενημέρωση και σε βάθος διερεύνηση των πολύ σοβαρών καταγγελιών. « Λίγες μόνο ημέρες μετά την καταδίκη της χώρας για το αποτέλεσμα της βίαιης επαναπροώθησης στο Φαρμακονήσι το 2014, άλλη μία έρχεται να προστεθεί στον μακρύ κατάλογο των καταγγελιών », σημειώνει και υπογραμμίζει ότι ο υπουργός Μετανάστευσης και Ασύλου Νότης Μηταράκης, αντί να απολογηθεί για τη στάση της κυβέρνησης και παρά τις συνεχείς εκκλήσεις για θέσπιση ανεξάρτητου φορέα διερεύνησης, επέλεξε να συστήσει εντός του υπουργείου κυβερνητικά ελεγχόμενη επιτροπή για τον έλεγχο των καταγγελιών.

    « Επί του παρόντος, οι βίαιες επαναπροωθήσεις παραμένουν ανεξέλεγκτες στα σύνορα της Ελλάδας και ατιμώρητες, ενώ η ποινικοποίηση των ομάδων βοήθειας συνεχίζεται » σημειώνει σε ανακοίνωσή της η Διεθνής Αμνηστία, ζητώντας να διασωθούν επειγόντως οι 50 εγκαταλειμμένοι πρόσφυγες.

    Την αντίδρασή της στη θέσπιση κυβερνητικά ελεγχόμενης επιτροπής στο υπουργείο Μετανάστευσης για τη διερεύνηση των επαναπροωθήσεων εκφράζει η Ελληνική Ενωση για τα Δικαιώματα του Ανθρώπου, κάνοντας λόγο για προσχηματική και επικίνδυνη επιλογή που « δυναμιτίζει εξ ορισμού κάθε ελπίδα για αξιόπιστη διερεύνηση των σχετικών καταγγελιών και μαζί αποτελεί απρόσφορη απόπειρα πολιτικού αποπροσανατολισμού, που δυστυχώς ενισχύει τις διάχυτες πλέον υπόνοιες περί παντελούς ελλείμματος διαφάνειας και λογοδοσίας για τα ζητήματα αυτά στη χώρα μας ».

    –—

    Aucune intervention du gouvernement pour les 50 réfugiés bloqués dans le fleuve après la violente tentative des autorités grecques de les repousser, malgré l’ordre donné par la Cour européenne de droits de l’homme ● Pas d’ enquête ouverte sur le décès des trois Syriens morts après que l’un a été très violemment battu tandis que les deux autres ont été noyés après avoir été forcés de se jeter à l’eau alors qu’ils ne savaient pas nager
    Abandonnés sur une île de l’Evros sont restés, au moins jusqu’à hier en fin d’après-midi, pour le huitième jour, 50 réfugiés. C’est ce groupe qui a signalé par l’intermédiaire des organisations Hellenic Council for Refugees et HumanRights360 la mort d’un Syrien après que le groupe ait ete battu sur la côte grecque et le noyade de deux autres Syriens qui ont été forcés de tomber dans la fleuve pour nager jusqu’au rivage turc alors qu’ils ne savaient pas nager. Selon les dernières informations, il s’agit de deux Syriens de 17 et 23 ans, originaires d’Alep, dont les noms sont à la disposition de « Ef.Syn ».

    Malgré la gravité des allégations, qui nécessitent une enquête indépendante fiable, le gouvernement a continué à garder le silence un jour et demi après leur révélation par « Ef.Syn. », alors qu’aucune réaction des autorités, ni l’ouverture d’une enquête criminelle procédure, ni d’une procédure disciplinaire.

    Comme on l’a appris par une communication plus récente avec les réfugiés et d’autres sources, le corps de l’homme décédé sur la côte grecque n’a finalement pas été échoué en Turquie, comme l’indiquaient les premières informations, mais a été retrouvé au service médico-légal d’Evros. , tandis que ses proches demandent qu’il leur soit remis pour être enterré en Turquie. En communication avec « Ef.Syn. » avec le médecin légiste d’Evros Pavlos Pavlidis mercredi, M. Pavlidis a noté qu’il y avait de nombreux migrants morts, mais qu’aucun mort n’est arrivé au service la semaine dernière.

    Les réfugiés, dont une femme de 70 ans atteinte de diabète, trois femmes enceintes et douze enfants, restent bloqués sur l’île malgré le fait que la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme, répondant à une demande urgente de mesures provisoires des deux organisations, a ordonné jeudi au gouvernement grec de ne pas les expulser de Grèce, mais de veiller à ce qu’ils aient de l’eau, de la nourriture et des médicaments et d’enregistrer leur demande d’asile. Malgré l’ordre urgent, jusqu’à hier après-midi aucune mobilisation des autorités pour localiser et secourir les réfugiés n’était connue.
    Les réfugiés ont été obligés de filtrer l’eau boueuse du fleuve avec des serviettes en papier et des cailloux, pour obtenir une eau un peu plus propre.

    https://www.efsyn.gr/ellada/dikaiomata/353036_paramenoyn-aboithitoi-se-nisida-toy-ebroy

    #limbe #zone_frontalière #île #Evros #asile #migrations #réfugiés #frontières #fleuve_Evros #Turquie #Grèce #Thrace #îlots

    –-

    ajouté à la métaliste sur #métaliste sur des #réfugiés abandonnés sur des #îlots dans la région de l’#Evros, #frontière_terrestre entre la #Grèce et la #Turquie :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/953343

    • Διεθνής Αμνηστία - Ελληνικό Τμήμα

      Η Διεθνής Αμνηστία ανησυχεί βαθύτατα για την ασφάλεια και την ευημερία 50 προσφυγισσών και προσφύγων που βρίσκονται σε επικίνδυνες και άθλιες συνθήκες από την περασμένη Πέμπτη σε νησίδα του Έβρου. Ανάμεσά τους, 12 παιδιά, τρεις έγκυες γυναίκες και μια 70χρονη γυναίκα με σάκχαρο.

      –—

      Amnesty International est profondément préoccupée par la sécurité et le bien-être de 50 réfugiés qui se trouvent dans des conditions dangereuses et inhumaines depuis jeudi dernier sur l’île d’Evros. Parmi eux, 12 enfants, trois femmes enceintes et une femme de 70 ans atteinte de diabète.
      Selon les informations reçues par le Conseil grec pour les réfugiés (GCR)cet
      HumanRights360, les réfugiés n’ont pas accès à la nourriture, à l’eau, aux soins médicaux et aux moyens de se réchauffer pendant la nuit.
      Dans des mesures provisoires rendues hier, la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme a sommé les autorités grecques à ne pas expulser les réfugiés de Grèce et à leur fournir de la nourriture, de l’eau et des soins médicaux adéquats, selon les besoins, jusqu’à nouvel ordre.
      Actuellement, les refoulements violents restent endémiques à la frontière grecque et restent impunis, tandis que la criminalisation des groupes d’aide se poursuit.

      https://www.facebook.com/amnestygreece/posts/pfbid0AcB7XB9QHL9Pe3BnuYQmNKgikuRWGTXdxJLDAm8Fh5aLPvEpi1umE45TNXrc1CZRl

    • Συγκαλύπτουν το έγκλημα στον Έβρο με νέα εγκλήματα
      Les autorités grecques couvrent le crime à Evros avec de nouveaux crimes

      Λίγο μετά τις 2 μμ τη Δευτέρα, οι 50 πρόσφυγες που παραμένουν 11 μέρες εγκαταλελειμμένοι σε νησίδα του Έβρου ανατολικά του χωριού Κισσάρι, συγκεντρώθηκαν στην όχθη της νησίδας που βλέπει προς την ελληνική πλευρά και φώναξαν όλοι μαζί με μια φωνή, με την ελπίδα να ακουστούν από απέναντι και να υπάρξει κινητοποίηση.

      Πρόκειται για κραυγή αγωνίας με στόχο να σπάσουν το πυκνό πέπλο σιωπής και εμπαιγμού εκ μέρους της κυβέρνησης και της ΕΛ.ΑΣ. και φαίνεται ότι το κατάφεραν. Σύμφωνα με αξιόπιστες πληροφορίες της « Εφ.Συν. », άτομα που βρίσκονταν στην ελληνική όχθη, απέναντι από τη νησίδα, εκείνη την ώρα, επιβεβαιώνουν ότι άκουσαν από την πλευρά της νησίδας δύο δυνατές κραυγές από ομάδα ανθρώπων στις 2:04 μμ και στις 2:06 μμ. Τα στοιχεία των ανθρώπων που άκουσαν τους πρόσφυγες βρίσκονται στη διάθεση της « Εφ.Συν. ».

      Φαίνεται πως μόνο οι αστυνομικοί της Αστυνομικής Διεύθυνσης Ορεστιάδας και οι συνεργάτες της δεν μπορούν ούτε να ακούσουν ούτε να δουν τους πρόσφυγες, όπως τουλάχιστον ισχυρίζεται σε προφορική ενημέρωση, σε ανθρώπους που επικοινώνησαν για να ενημερωθούν για την τύχη των προσφύγων.

      Την ίδια ώρα, το απόγευμα της Δευτέρας οι πρόσφυγες έστειλαν βίντεο που απεικονίζει ανθρώπους από την όχθη του Έβρου να συστήνονται ως αστυνομικοί, να καταστρέφουν βάρκα σταθμευμένη στην ελληνική όχθη και στη συνέχεια να αποχωρούν.

      Η διασταυρωμένη από πολλές πλευρές παρουσία των προσφύγων για 11 συνεχείς μέρες στη νησίδα και ο συνεχιζόμενος εμπαιγμός της ΕΛ.ΑΣ., που τάχα δεν μπορεί να τους εντοπίσει, δημιουργεί έντονες υπόνοιες για απόπειρα συγκάλυψης τυχόν εγκληματικών ευθυνών της αστυνομίας. Οι πρόσφυγες καταγγέλλουν ότι είναι μάρτυρες του φρικτού θανάτου τριών Σύρων, ενός στην ελληνική όχθη και δύο από πνιγμό, κατά τη διάρκεια απόπειρας επαναπροώθησης την Πέμπτη 14 Ιουλίου. Καμία διενέργεια πειθαρχικής ή ποινικής έρευνας δεν έχει γίνει γνωστή, παρά τις εκκλήσεις του ΣΥΡΙΖΑ-ΠΣ και της Διεθνούς Αμνηστίας, να γίνει αξιόπιστη και άμεση διερεύνηση των καταγγελιών.

      Φυσικά, ο πιο σίγουρος τρόπος να μη διερευνηθούν οι καταγγελίες και να συγκαλυφθούν οι τυχόν ευθύνες σοβαρών εγκλημάτων είναι να μην περάσουν στην ελληνική όχθη οι πρόσφυγες, ώστε να μη χρειαστεί να καταθέσουν επισήμως. Φαίνεται ότι μέχρι στιγμής τουλάχιστον η ΕΛ.ΑΣ. προχωρά σ’αυτό τον δρόμο της συγκάλυψης, προσπαθώντας να σκεπάσει τις καταγγελίες για εγκλήματα με άλλο ένα έγκλημα, αυτό της εγκατάλειψης ανθρώπων που κινδυνεύουν και, χειρότερα, της εξαφάνισής τους από την Ελλάδα και της επαναπροώθησής τους στην Τουρκία.

      –-

      Peu après 14 heures lundi, les 50 réfugiés bloqués depuis 11 jours sur un îlot de l’Evros à l’est du village de #Kissari, se sont rassemblés sur la rive de l’îlot face au côté grec et ont crié d’une seule voix, espérant être entendus et qu’il y ait mobilisation.

      C’est un cri d’angoisse dans le but de briser l’épais voile de silence et de faux-fuyant du gouvernement et de l’EL.AS. -police hellénique -et il semble que les réfugiés aient réussi. Selon des informations fiables de « Ef.Syn. », des personnes qui se trouvaient sur la rive grecque, en face de l’îlot, à ce moment-là, confirment avoir entendu deux cris forts d’un groupe de personnes du côté de l’îlot à 14h04. et à 14 h 06. Les coordonnées des personnes qui ont entendu les réfugiés sont disponibles à « Ef.Syn. »

      Il semble que seuls les policiers du département de police d’Orestiada et ses associés ne peuvent ni entendre ni voir les réfugiés, comme du moins ils avaient affirmé dans un briefing oral, aux personnes qui les ont contacté pour être informées du sort des réfugiés.

      → des personnes qui se sont présentées comme des policiers sont apparues lundi sur la rive grecque en face de l’îlot et ont enlevé un bateau stationné

      Dans le même temps, lundi après-midi, les réfugiés ont envoyé une vidéo montrant des habitants des rives de l’Evros se présentant comme des policiers, détruisant un bateau stationné sur la rive grecque puis repartant. (pour voir la vidéo allez août lien)

      La présence des réfugiés pendant 11 jours consécutifs sur l’île, traversés de plusieurs côtés, et les railleries continues de la police hellénique, incapable de les localiser, créent de forts soupçons d’une tentative de dissimulation d’éventuelles responsabilités criminelles de la police. Des réfugiés rapportent avoir été témoins de la mort horrible de trois Syriens, un sur la côte grecque et deux par noyade, lors d’une tentative de rapatriement le jeudi 14 juillet. Aucune enquête disciplinaire ou pénale n’a été faite, malgré les appels du SYRIZA et d’Amnesty International pour une enquête crédible et immédiate sur les faits dénoncés.

      Bien sûr, le moyen le plus sûr de ne pas enquêter sur les plaintes et de dissimuler toute responsabilité pour des crimes graves est de ne pas laisser les réfugiés atteindre la rive grecque, afin qu’ils n’aient pas à témoigner officiellement. Il semble que jusqu’à présent au moins EL.AS. (la police hellénique) s’engage sur cette voie de la dissimulation, essayant de couvrir les plaintes de crimes par un autre crime, celui d’abandonner des personnes en danger et, pire, de leur disparition de Grèce et de leur refoulement en Turquie.

      https://www.efsyn.gr/ellada/dikaiomata/353284_sygkalyptoyn-egklima-ston-ebro-me-nea-egklimata

    • Εξαφάνισαν τους πρόσφυγες, συγκαλύπτουν το έγκλημα
      Les autorités grecques ont fait disparaître les réfugiés, elles dissimulent le crime

      Αντί για επιχείρηση διάσωσης από τη νησίδα των 50 προσφύγων, οι ελληνικές αρχές προχώρησαν σε νέα βίαιη και παράνομη επαναπροώθηση, ρίχνοντάς τους στα νερά του ποταμού προς την τουρκική όχθη, αφού πρώτα εξαφάνισαν τους μοναδικούς αυτόπτες μάρτυρες του θανάτου των τριών την προηγούμενη Πέμπτη. ● Αναφορές στην Εισαγγελία του Αρείου Πάγου για την υπόθεση. ● Ερώτηση 37 βουλευτών του ΣΥΡΙΖΑ στη Βουλή.

      Αργά το βράδυ της Δευτέρας προς Τρίτη, ισχυρή δύναμη αστυνομικών και κομάντο αποβιβάστηκαν στη νησίδα του Εβρου ανατολικά του χωριού Κισσάρι και με τη χρήση βίας συνέλαβαν τους 50 πρόσφυγες που βρίσκονταν εγκλωβισμένοι έντεκα μέρες στη νησίδα, τους μετέφεραν στην ελληνική όχθη και τους έκλεισαν σε χώρο κράτησης.

      Το επόμενο πρωί, τους ξαναπήγαν στην ελληνική όχθη, τους ανέβασαν σε βάρκες και τους μετέφεραν μέχρι τη μέση του ποταμού, όπου τους ανάγκασαν να πέσουν στο νερό και να προχωρήσουν μέχρι την τουρκική όχθη.

      « Ημουν άρρωστη και προσπαθούσα να κοιμηθώ, όταν άκουσα δυνατές φωνές που μας φώναζαν “καθίστε κάτω”. Είδα πολλούς άνδρες που είχαν έρθει από την ελληνική πλευρά. Απ’ όσους μπορούσαν πήραν τα κινητά, μας πέρασαν απέναντι με βάρκα και μας οδήγησαν σε μια φυλακή, όπου μείναμε για λίγες ώρες. Την επομένη, μας ξαναπήγαν όλους στο ποτάμι, μας έβαλαν σε βάρκες και μας κατέβασαν πριν φτάσουμε στην τουρκική πλευρά. Είχαμε τρομοκρατηθεί. Οταν φτάσαμε στην τουρκική όχθη, μας συνέλαβαν Τούρκοι συνοροφύλακες » διηγείται στην “Εφ.Συν.” νεαρή πρόσφυγας που βρισκόταν την περασμένη εβδομάδα στη νησίδα και σήμερα κρατείται σε τουρκικό κέντρο κράτησης.

      Η Αστυνομική Διεύθυνση Ορεστιάδας, αντί για την επιχείρηση διάσωσης που περίμεναν απελπισμένα οι πρόσφυγες, προχώρησε τελικά σε άλλη μια παράνομη επιχείρηση επαναπροώθησης, φροντίζοντας να εξαφανίσει με συνοπτικές διαδικασίες τους μοναδικούς αυτόπτες μάρτυρες του θανάτου τριών προσφύγων την Πέμπτη, 14 Ιουλίου, στα χέρια της αστυνομίας, ενός στην ελληνική όχθη και δύο από πνιγμό στον Εβρο, όταν αναγκάστηκαν να πέσουν στο ποτάμι χωρίς να ξέρουν κολύμπι την ώρα που τους μετέφερε η αστυνομία στη νησίδα.

      Με την επανααπροώθηση, οι ελληνικές αρχές παραβιάζουν με τρόπο προκλητικό την επείγουσα εντολή διάσωσης που έδωσε στην κυβέρνηση την Τετάρτη το Ευρωπαϊκό Δικαστήριο για τα Δικαιώματα του Ανθρώπου (ΕΔΔΑ). Χτες, οι οργανώσεις Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες και HumanRights360, που είχαν προσφύγει στο ΕΔΔΑ, ενημέρωσαν την Εισαγγελία του Αρείου Πάγου για την υπόθεση, ενώ σήμερα έληγε η προθεσμία της κυβέρνησης να απαντήσει στο ΕΔΔΑ, παραμένει όμως άγνωστο ποια στάση θα κρατήσει μετά την τελευταία εξέλιξη.

      Αγνωστη παραμένει και η τύχη των προσφύγων της νησίδας. Σύμφωνα με πληροφορίες από τους ίδιους, η 70χρονη γυναίκα με πρόβλημα στο ζάχαρο νοσηλεύτηκε σε τουρκικό νοσοκομείο, το ίδιο και τα μικρά παιδιά που είχαν αρρωστήσει, όπως και ένας άνδρας που τραυματίστηκε σοβαρά στο χέρι κατά τη διάρκεια της βίαιης επιχείρησης των ελληνικών αρχών.

      Οι υπόλοιποι κρατούνται στην Τουρκία, παγιδευμένοι ανάμεσα στην ακραία αντιπροσφυγική πολιτική της ελληνικής κυβέρνησης στα σύνορα και στην πολιτική των τουρκικών αρχών, που απειλούν τους πρόσφυγες ότι θα τους επαναπροωθήσουν στη Συρία, αν παραμείνουν στην Τουρκία.
      Ερώτηση ΣΥΡΙΖΑ στη βουλή

      Την ίδια στιγμή, ο ΣΥΡΙΖΑ-Π.Σ. φέρνει την υπόθεση στη Βουλή, με ερώτηση που κατέθεσαν 37 βουλευτές με πρωτοβουλία του Νίκου Φίλη προς τους υπουργούς Προστασίας του Πολίτη, Δικαιοσύνης και Μετανάστευσης. Διαπιστώνουν ότι « συνεχίζεται το όργιο επαναπροωθήσεων στον Εβρο και η καταπάτηση των Διεθνών Συνθηκών », όπως και εγκληματική αδιαφορία για το ευρωπαϊκό κεκτημένο, και ρωτούν τους υπουργούς γιατί δεν έχουν ανταποκριθεί στην εντολή του ΕΔΔΑ, όπως και αν έχουν τεθεί σε διαθεσιμότητα οι εμπλεκόμενοι αστυνομικοί και γενικότερα ποια μέτρα έχουν πάρει « για τη διεξαγωγή ενδελεχούς και αποτελεσματικής έρευνας για τις συνθήκες της επαναπροώθησης και του θανάτου των 3 προσφύγων, για τη διερεύνηση των σοβαρότατων δημοσιοποιημένων καταγγελιών των προσφύγων, καθώς και για την απόδοση ευθυνών ».
      Εκστρατεία από τη Διεθνή Αμνηστία

      « Η λογοδοσία για τις εντεινόμενες παραβιάσεις του Κράτους Δικαίου καθίσταται πιο επιτακτική από ποτέ » σημειώνουν σε κοινή ανακοίνωσή τους το Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες και η HumanRights360.

      Επείγουσα έκκληση να διασωθούν οι πρόσφυγες της νησίδας απηύθυνε το πρωί της Τρίτης η Διεθνής Αμνηστία, ξεκινώντας διεθνή εκστρατεία συλλογής υπογραφών σε επιστολή που θα σταλεί στον υπουργο΄Προστασίας του Πολίτη Τάκη Θεοδωρικάκο. « Οι βίαιες επαναπροωθήσεις παραμένουν ανεξέλεγκτες στα σύνορα της Ελλάδας και μένουν ατιμώρητες, ενώ η ποινικοποίηση των ομάδων αρωγής που προσπαθούν να βοηθήσουν τα θύματα των επαναπροωθήσεων συνεχίζεται », αναφέρει η οργάνωση και υπογραμμίζει ότι « οι επαναπροωθήσεις αποτελούν την ντε φάκτο πολιτική της Ελλάδας για τη διαχείριση των συνόρων ».

      –-

      Au lieu d’une opération de sauvetage depuis l’île des 50 réfugiés, les autorités grecques ont procédé à un nouveau refoulement violent et illégal, les jetant dans les eaux du fleuve vers la rive turque, après avoir d’abord fait disparaître les seuls témoins oculaires de la mort des trois jeudi dernier. ● Appels s au procureur de la Cour suprême d’ouvrir une enquête sur l’affaire.

      Tard dans la nuit de lundi à mardi, une importante force de police et de commandos a débarqué sur l’îlot d’Evros à l’est du village de Kissari et a fait usage de la force pour arrêter les 50 réfugiés piégés pendant onze jours sur l’îlot, ils les a emmenés sur la côte grecque et les a enfermés dans une zone de détention.

      Le lendemain matin, les réfugiés Syriens ont été ramenés sur la rive grecque, mis dans des bateaux et transportés au milieu du fleuve, où ils ont été forcés de tomber à l’eau et de se diriger vers la rive turque.

      « J’étais malade et j’essayais de dormir quand j’ai entendu des voix fortes nous appeler » asseyez-vous « . J’ai vu beaucoup d’hommes qui étaient venus du côté grec. Ils ont pris les téléphones portables, nous ont fait traverser en bateau et nous ont emmenés dans une prison, où nous sommes restés quelques heures. Le lendemain, ils nous ont tous ramenés à la rivière, nous ont mis dans des bateaux et nous ont fait descendre avant d’atteindre le côté turc. Nous étions terrifiés. Quand nous sommes arrivés sur la côte turque, nous avons été arrêtés par les gardes-frontières turcs », raconte-t-il à « Ef.Syn ». une jeune réfugié qui était la semaine dernière sur l’île et qui est aujourd’hui détenue dans un centre de détention turc.
      Le département de police d’Orestiada, au lieu de l’opération de sauvetage que les réfugiés attendaient désespérément, a finalement procédé à une autre opération de refoulement illégal, en veillant à éliminer sommairement les seuls témoins oculaires de la mort aux mains de la police de trois réfugiés le jeudi 14 juillet, un sur la rive grecque et deux de la noyade dans l’Evros, lorsqu’ils ont été forcés de tomber dans la rivière sans savoir nager alors qu’ils étaient transportés par la police vers l’île.

      En les refoulant, les autorités grecques violent d’une façon provocante l’ordre de sauvetage d’urgence donné au gouvernement grec mercredi par la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme (CEDH). Hier, les organisations Conseil hellénique pour les réfugiés et les droits de l’homme360, qui avaient saisi la CEDH, ont informé le procureur de la Cour suprême de l’affaire, alors qu’aujourd’hui était la date limite pour que le gouvernement réponde à la CEDH, mais on ignore quelle position il prendra après le dernier développement.

      Le sort des réfugiés de l’île reste également inconnu. Selon des informations de leur part, la femme de 70 ans avec un problème de diabète a été hospitalisée dans un hôpital turc, tout comme les jeunes enfants qui étaient tombés malades, ainsi qu’un homme qui a été grièvement blessé à la main lors de l’opération violente. par les autorités grecques.

      Les autres sont détenus en Turquie, pris entre la politique anti-réfugiés extrême du gouvernement grec à la frontière et la politique des autorités turques, qui menacent les réfugiés de les renvoyer en Syrie s’ils restent en Turquie.

      https://www.efsyn.gr/ellada/dikaiomata/353489_exafanisan-toys-prosfyges-sygkalyptoyn-egklima

    • 32 adults and 8 children in urgent situation at Evros river! The people have been exposed to violence from #greek and #turkish border guards since 2 weeks already and reportedly 3 people already died - this needs to stop immediately!

      “At first, we were 50 people, but the Greek police beat us and took us back to Turkey. The Turks booked us in military barracks and then threw us to one of the Greek islands for the second time, without food or water, and three people who have been with us since were killed.”

      “What is our fault, my friend, only because we are Syrians, we are rejected by everyone. Turkey deport us, and Greece beat us, deport us and is throwing us onto the islands. Our situation is miserable here. The situation here is tragic.”

      https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1555886172785844224

    • 32 adults and 8 children in urgent situation at Evros river! The people have been exposed to violence from #greek and #turkish border guards since 2 weeks already and reportedly 3 people already died - this needs to stop immediately!

      “At first, we were 50 people, but the Greek police beat us and took us back to Turkey. The Turks booked us in military barracks and then threw us to one of the Greek islands for the second time, without food or water, and three people who have been with us since were killed.”

      “What is our fault, my friend, only because we are Syrians, we are rejected by everyone. Turkey deport us, and Greece beat us, deport us and is throwing us onto the islands. Our situation is miserable here. The situation here is tragic.”

      https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1555886172785844224

    • 32 adults and 8 children in urgent situation at Evros river! The people have been exposed to violence from #greek and #turkish border guards since 2 weeks already and reportedly 3 people already died - this needs to stop immediately!

      “At first, we were 50 people, but the Greek police beat us and took us back to Turkey. The Turks booked us in military barracks and then threw us to one of the Greek islands for the second time, without food or water, and three people who have been with us since were killed.”

      “What is our fault, my friend, only because we are Syrians, we are rejected by everyone. Turkey deport us, and Greece beat us, deport us and is throwing us onto the islands. Our situation is miserable here. The situation here is tragic.”

      https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1555886172785844224

    • Έγκλημα διαρκείας στον Έβρο

      Το δράμα των προσφύγων σε νησίδα του Έβρου ανατολικά του χωριού Κισσάρι. Ο τραγικός θάνατος του πεντάχρονου κοριτσιού και η συνταρακτική έκκληση για βοήθεια που έστειλε στην « Εφ.Συν. » η Μπαϊντά Α., 28 χρονών από τη Συρία.

      Ενα πεντάχρονο κορίτσι από τη Συρία, η Μαρία A. (τα στοιχεία της βρίσκονται στη διάθεση της « Εφ.Συν. ») βρήκε τραγικό θάνατο από δάγκωμα σκορπιού αργά το βράδυ της Δευτέρας προς Τρίτη σε νησίδα του Εβρου ανατολικά του χωριού Κισσάρι, σύμφωνα με πληροφορίες που έδωσαν στην « Εφ.Συν. » πρόσφυγες που παραμένουν εγκλωβισμένοι στην vνησίδα, όπως και σύμφωνα με καταγγελίες οργανώσεων, μεταξύ των οποίων το Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες και η HumanRights360, που έχουν ήδη ενημερώσει το Ευρωπαϊκό Δικαστήριο για τα Δικαιώματα του Ανθρώπου και την Εισαγγελία Ορεστιάδας.

      Οι πληροφορίες από τους πρόσφγυες αναφέρουν ότι σκορπιός τσίμπησε και ένα εννιάχρονο κορίτσι, την Αγιά, η οποία παρέμενε αβοήθητη στη νησίδα με πυρετό και κάνοντας εμμετό για δεύτερη μέρα χτες. Σύμφωνα με τα όσα συγκλονιστικά αναφέρουν οι πρόσφυγες, το άψυχο σώμα της Μαρίας παραμένει άταφο. Για να το συντηρήσουν όσο μπορούν, οι πρόσφυγες το έχουν βάλει μέσα στα κρύα νερά του ποταμού, στην όχθη του οποίου θρηνεί η μητέρα του.

      Συνταρακτικό είναι το ηχητικό μήνυμα που έστειλε στην « Εφ.Συν. » η Μπαϊντά Α., 28 χρονών από τη Συρία, λίγη ώρα αφότου πέθανε το μικρό κορίτσι. « Ζητάω βοήθεια, όλοι μου λένε ότι είναι δύσκολο. Τι δυσκολία έχει να σωθούν άνθρωποι ; Ποια είναι η δυσκολία ; Μας σκοτώνουν στη Συρία, στην Τουρκία, σ’αυτό το νησί στην Ελλάδα, σε κάθε μέρος του κόσμου. Τι φταίμε ; Το κορίτσι πέθανε γιατί κανείς δεν ακούει τη φωνή μας και την αδελφή της τη σκότωσε σκορπιός. Τι θα απογίνουμε ; Ισως το πρωί να έχουμε όλοι πεθάνει. Το νησί είναι γεμάτο φίδια, σκορπιούς, έντομα και δεν ξέρω τι άλλο... Εκλιπαρώ, εκλιπαρώ. Ζούμε μια επίγεια κόλαση, σας ορκίζομαι οτι είναι επίγεια κολαση και κανείς δε μπορεί να μας βοηθήσει », λέει μεταξύ άλλων η Μπαϊντά ανάμεσα σε αναφυλητά.

      https://soundcloud.com/efsyn-gr/to-ichitiko-minyma-poy-esteile

      Παρεμβάσεις

      Οι εξελίξεις έχουν προκαλέσει το ενδιαφέρον διεθνών μέσων ενημέρωσης και οργανώσεων, που κυκλοφόρησαν την Τρίτη στα μέσα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης την είδηση για το θάνατο της μικρής Μαρίας και για την απελπιστική κατάσταση που βρίσκονται οι πρόσφυγες.

      « Είναι κατάντια για την ανρθωπιά μας να πεθαίνει σε μια νησίδα ένα παιδάκι από τσίμπημα σκορπιού και να μένει άταφο γιατί κανείς δεν πάει να τους σώσει », αναφέρει σε δήλωσή του στην « Εφ.Συν. » ο βουλευτής ΣΥΡΙΖΑ – ΠΣ και πρώην υπουργός Μεταναστευτικής Πολιτικής Δημήτρης Βίτσας.

      Παρέμεβαση στο Αστυνομικό Τμήμα Ορεστιάδας έκανε την Τρίτη κλιμάκιο του ΚΚΕ και την Τετάρτη στα άλλα αστυνομικά τμήματα του Εβρου, όπου, σύμφωνα με τον βουλευτή του κόμματος Νίκο Παπαναστάση, τους δηλώθηκε ότι οι αστυνομικές αρχές βρίσκονται σε γνώση των καταγγελιών αλλά δεν υπάρχει τέτοια ομάδα προσφύγων στην αρμοδιότητά τους. « Υπάρχει το γνωστό πρόβλημα εργαλειοποίησης των μεταναστών κατά την άποψή μας και από την Τουρκία και από την ελληνική κυβέρνηση, οι οποίες εκμεταλλεύονται τα κενά που υπάρχουν στο καθεστώς του Εβρου με νησίδες που βρίσκονται πότε από τη μια και πότε από την άλλη μεριά των συνόρων. Καταδεικνύεται η πολιτική πρόθεση της κυβέρνησης για τη μη στήριξη των ανθρώπων αυτών και τη μη επίλυση των προβλημάτων τους, ακόμα και των πιο ευάλωτων » δηλώνει στην "Εφ.Συν." ο κ. Παπαναστάσης.

      « Ξανά ο Εβρος ! Ανησυχητικές αναφορές για το θάνατο ενός πεν τάχρονου κοριτσιού και επείγουσα ανάγκη για ιατρική βοήθεια για ενιάχρονο κορίτσι ! Η Ελλάδα πρέπει επειτγόντως να διασώσει τους ανρθώπους, να τους δώσει υποστήριξη, περίθαλψη και πρόσβαση στη διαδικασία ασύλου » αναφέρει σε ανάρτησή της στο twitter η Γερμανίδα ευρωβουλευτής της Αριστεράς Κορνήλια Ερνστ.
      Εφιάλτης δίχως τέλος

      Η Μπαϊντά, όπως και η οικογένεια της μικρής Μαρίας και άλλοι πρόσφυγες της ομάδας, ζουν αγκαλιά με το θάνατο από τα μέσα Ιουλίου, αντιμετωπίζοντας το αδιέξοδο των εγκληματικών αντιπροσφυγικών πολιτικών της Ελλάδας και της Τουρκίας. Στις 14 Ιουλίου μεταφέρθηκαν στην ίδια νησίδα που βρίσκονται σήμερα, ενώ, όπως έχουν καταγγείλει, ένας Σύρος πρόσφυγας της ομάδας έχασε τη ζωή του στην ελληνική όχθη του Εβρου ύστερα από βίαιη επιχέιρηση των ελληνικών αρχών και άλλοι δύο βρήκαν τραγικό θάνατο από πνιγμό, όταν έπεσαν στο ποτάμι από τη βάρκα κατά τη διάρκεια της μεταφοράς τους προς τη νησίδα από τις ελληνικές αρχές.

      Παρά το γεγονός ότι, όπως κατήγγειλαν, ήταν μάρτυρες φρικτών εγkλημάτων τα οποία θα έπρεπε να διερευνηθούν για να υπάρξει λογοδοσία των υπεύθυνων, οι ελληνικές αρχές δεν προχώρησαν σε επιχείρηση εντοπισμού και διάσωσης, αγνοώντας την εντολή του Ευρωπαϊκού Δικαστηρίου για τα Δικαιώματα του Ανθρώπου και αδιαφορώντας για τις εκκλήσεις του ΣΥΡΙΖΑ, που έβγαλε ανακοίνωση και κατέθεσε ερώτηση στη Βουλή, αλλά και της Διεθνούς Αμνηστίας, που ξεκίνησε επείγουσα εκστρατεία συλλογής υπογραφών.

      Αντιθέτως, όπως καταγγέλλουν οι πρόσφυγες, οι ελληνικές αρχές τους επαναπροώθησαν στην Τουρκία στις 26 Ιουλίου, αφού πρώτα τους χτύπησαν βίαια και τους κράτησαν παράνομα για ώρες σε χώρο κράτησης στην ελληνική όχθη.

      Σύμφωνα με τις καταγγελίες, οι πρόσφυγες κρατήθηκαν στην Τουρκία σε κέντρο κράτησης. Υστερα από μερικές ημέρες οι τουρκικές αρχές τους πίεσαν να ξαναπεράσουν τα ελληνοτουρκικά σύνορα, διαφορετικά θα τους απέλαυναν στην Συρία. Τους χώρισαν σε δύο ή περισσότερες ομάδες και τους σκόρπισαν σε διαφορετικά σημεία της περιοχής, όπου δεν είχαν τη δυνατότητα να γυρίσουν πίσω, καθώς τους περίμενε η απειλή των τουρκικών αρχών για επαναπροώθηση στη Συρία, ούτε τη δυνατότητα να φτάσουν στην ελληνική όχθη, όπου τους περιμένει η δολοφονική βία των ελληνικών αρχών και το σοβαρό ενδεχόμενο να τους γυρίσουν πίσω.

      Το γεωγραφικό στίγμα που έχει στη διάθεσή της η « Εφ.Συν. » τους απεικόνιζε την περασμένη εβδομάδα σε ελληνικό έδαφος ανατολικά του ποταμού. Την Κυριακή οι πρόσφυγες οδηγήθηκαν ξανά στη νησίδα ανατολικά του χωριού Κισσάρι, στην ίδια νησίδα όπου είχε ξεκινήσει η εφιαλτική τους περιπέτεια πριν από τρεις εβδομάδες.

      https://www.efsyn.gr/ellada/dikaiomata/355170_egklima-diarkeias-ston-ebro

    • Child feared dead on Greek islet where refugees are stranded

      A five-year-old Syrian girl has reportedly died, with her parents and dozens others awaiting rescue following alleged pushbacks.

      A five-year-old Syrian girl, who was among a group of refugees and migrants, is understood to have died on a Greek islet on the Evros River.

      Her parents have submerged the girl’s body in river water in an attempt to keep it cool, as Greek authorities appear unable to locate the group.

      Those still on the islet with the girl’s remains say she died in the early hours of Tuesday after being stung by a scorpion, two days after they were stranded there.

      Another girl, who is nine, remains in critical condition. She is also understood to have been stung by a scorpion.

      They are part of a group of 39 asylum seekers, some of whom are trapped for a second time on this unnamed islet after repeated alleged pushbacks between Turkey and Greece.

      One member of the group, 27-year-old Baida, also from Syria, has been sending frantic messages to lawyers and journalists since the reported death.

      “A girl died. A child. She’s dead. I can do nothing,” she said in a WhatsApp voice note sent to a group including this reporter.

      She posted photos of the girl on her back with her eyes closed, lying on a patch of grass on the islet.

      In another message, she questioned why the children have not received any help.

      “No one hears our voices,” she said.

      “If you hear our voices please help us,” Baida said. “The other girl might die tomorrow.”

      The refugees say they were forced on the islet by Turkish authorities on August 7.

      The Evros land border is a frequent crossing point for those wishing to claim asylum in Europe, but many reports have documented violent Greek pushbacks in recent months, as well as incidents where people have been made to cross by Turkish authorities.

      The stranded refugees and migrants wish to claim asylum in Greece.

      Greek authorities have been notified of their location and activists have made emergency calls on their behalf to police, but officials say that they have not been able to locate the group.

      On Tuesday, the European Court of Human Rights issued an order stating that the trapped asylum seekers should not be removed from Greek territory and that they should be provided with food, water and adequate medical care.

      In their messages, members of the group describe what amounts to a geopolitical ping-pong game, being pushed back and forth across the land border by Greek and Turkish authorities for weeks in the highly militarised border zone in which no lawyer, human rights organisations or journalists can legally enter.

      Some were originally stranded in the same location in late July, having tried to cross the border from Turkey.

      They say they survived on food scraps, nuts and muddy water from the river before being returned to Turkey by Greek authorities.

      Then, they accused Turkish authorities of holding them in military barracks, and later bringing them back across to the river and ordering them — at gunpoint — to cross again into Greek territory.

      Al Jazeera has contacted Greek and Turkish officials in an attempt to verify the details of these alleged incidents but had not received a response by the time of writing.

      Longtime foes, NATO members Athens and Ankara are currently locked in rows on several fronts, including the refugee issue and oil and gas exploration in the Eastern Mediterranean.
      ‘We are very worried … especially for the children’

      The stranded refugees’ position on Greek territory has been verified by a location one of the asylum seekers sent via WhatsApp.

      The Greek Council of Refugees and HumanRights360, which are representing the group of refugees, have also informed the European Union border agency Frontex, the UN refugee agency, the Greek ombudsman and members of the European Parliament of this location in an attempt to secure their rescue.

      “We are very worried about the situation of the 39 refugees and especially for the children,” Evgenia Kouniaki, a lawyer for the Greece-based HumanRights360 and Maria Papamina, coordinator of the legal unit of the Greek Council for Refugees, told Al Jazeera in a joint statement.

      “The violations of human rights at the Greek-Turkish borders are a cruel reality. Deaths, pushbacks, arbitrary detention, enforced disappearances and people left hopeless in the islets. The death of the five-year-old girl proves how irrational and murderous this policy is.”

      The Border Violence Monitoring Network, which documents pushbacks that are illegal under international law, said in a statement that Turkish and Greek authorities were “using people-on-the-move as pieces in a political game”.

      https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/8/10/child-feared-dead-on-greek-islet-where-refugees-are-stranded

    • Quatre morts, dont une fillette, dans un groupe de migrants bloqué sur un îlot de l’Evros

      Une petite-fille de cinq ans est décédée, jeudi, au milieu de l’Evros. Elle faisait partie d’un groupe de 40 personnes coincé depuis la semaine dernière sur un îlot de ce fleuve à la frontière gréco-turque. Trois membres de ce groupe étaient déjà morts suite aux violences et au refoulement des gardes-frontières grecs, selon les témoignages recueillis par les ONG et journalistes qui se sont saisis de l’affaire.

      Une petite-fille de cinq ans est décédée, piquée par un scorpion, sur un îlot de l’Evros où un groupe de 40 personnes est bloqué depuis un refoulement par les gardes-frontières grecs. La morsure a eu lieu dans le nuit du 8 au 9 août.

      « C’est vraiment l’enfer ici. Une petite-fille est morte aujourd’hui. Elle a été piquée par un scorpion. Nous n’avons rien pu faire », ont annoncé des membres du groupe au réseau d’activistes AlarmPhone, très actif dans le repérage des situations de détresse et dans la prise de contact avec les exilés passant par cette zone frontalière ultra-militarisée.

      Une seconde fillette, sa grande sœur, est menacée. Celle-ci a également été piquée par le scorpion, et son état est grave. « Nous avons besoin d’un hôpital. Si personne n’agit pour l’aider, elle va mourir comme sa petite sœur », a également alerté le groupe.

      Les témoins, dont un grand nombre de ressortissants syriens, font part de leur impuissance face à cette seconde petite fille « qui se bat contre la mort », et s’inquiètent du choc traumatique subi par la famille.

      « Où est l’humanité dans la mort d’une fille qui n’a pas atteint ses six ans, après avoir vécu la guerre et l’oppression en Syrie et en Turquie, et maintenant à la frontière grecque ? », s’indignent-ils, toujours relayés par Alarm Phone.
      Trois personnes déjà décédées, dont deux par noyade

      Samedi 6 août, les ONG avaient alerté sur ce groupe de 32 adultes et 8 enfants coincés sur l’îlot. Ces derniers rapportent avoir subi une série de violences de la part des garde-côtes grecs et turcs dans les quinze derniers jours.

      D’abord, « la police grecque nous a battus et nous a ramenés en Turquie », ont témoigné les membres de ce premier groupe auprès d’Alarm Phone. Ensuite, les garde-frontières turcs « nous ont mis dans des casernes militaires, puis nous ont jetés sur l’une de ces îles grecques, pour la deuxième fois, sans nourriture ni eau ».

      Trois personnes seraient mortes des suites des violences et du refoulement. La première, un homme syrien, serait décédé suite aux blessures infligées par les coups des garde-frontières sur le sol grec, confirme le média grec Efimerida ton Syntakton qui s’est saisi de l’affaire.

      es deux autres victimes auraient été forcées de nager jusqu’au rivage turc et se seraient noyées, poursuit le média, corroborant les dires du groupe. L’enquête menée par les journalistes leur a permis d’identifier les noms de ces deux personnes : il s’agirait de deux jeunes hommes de 17 et 23 ans, tous deux originaires d’Alep.

      Ces cas de noyades forcées ont déjà été documentées. En 2021, Amnesty International avait recueilli des témoignages en ce sens. Les survivants d’un groupe racontaient qu’ils avaient été forcés « à descendre du bateau et à plonger dans l’eau à proximité d’un îlot situé au beau milieu de l’Evros, (...) Un autre homme, qui ne savait pas nager, a appelé au secours alors qu’il peinait à garder la tête hors de l’eau. Il a finalement été emporté par le courant », relaie le rapport de l’ONG.
      Inaction des autorités malgré la décision de la CEDH

      Les ONG HumanRights360 et Greek Council for Refugees ont saisi la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme (CEDH) sur une demande urgente de mesures provisoires, la semaine dernière. Celle-ci l’a validée dans la foulée. Elle ordonne donc au gouvernement grec de veiller à ce que le groupe ait de l’eau, de la nourriture et des médicaments. Surtout, elle interdit tout refoulement et exige que leurs demandes d’asile soient enregistrées.

      Mais, pour l’heure, les ONG n’ont constaté aucune mobilisation des autorités. Depuis plusieurs mois, les saisines de la CEDH par les ONG sont quasi systématiques lorsque des personnes se retrouvent coincées sur des îlots de l’Evros. Cette stratégie judiciaire s’est révélée efficace pour plusieurs cas successifs. Mais elle semble avoir de moins en moins prise sur les autorités grecques.

      « On voit de plus en plus que, malgré ces décisions de la CEDH, les personnes ne sont pas secourues », alertait déjà mi-juin une membre d’AlarmPhone, auprès d’InfoMigrants. « La Grèce ne respecte pas la législation européenne. Et c’est très inquiétant ».

      Les équipes de Frontex ont également été contactées par Alarm Phone. En vain pour le moment.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/42511/quatre-morts-dont-une-fillette-dans-un-groupe-de-migrants-bloque-sur-u

    • Greek police @hellenicpolice announced yesterday with great delay that the group of c. 40 Syrians trapped on an Evros islet under inhumane and life-threatening conditions is on Turkish territory. And that Greece have officially asked Turkey to conduct a Search & Rescue op 🧵1/4

      2/ GR authorities at least finally acknowledge the existence of the group, which they had so far denied being able to find, despite knowing the location for days and despite their professed manned & unmanned search ops to locate them.

      3/ The Police announcement raises Qs about the status of the islet where the refugees are. Acc to Google and Greek Cadaster, the official government mapping agency, the islet is Greek.

      Hellenic Army’s Geographical Service also referred us to Google Maps for status of the islet.


      4/ What is of paramount importance now is for the group to be rescued and their rights respected.

      We remind all authorities that the refugees have reported the death of a girl (5) & the critical condition of at least one more child.

      The refugees remain on the islet.

      https://twitter.com/GCRefugees/status/1558056562706751491

      –-

      Tweet de Giorgos Christides :

      Greek authorities need to answer:
      – is the islet Greek? if so, are they willing to concede territory to 🇹🇷 just to avoid rescuing 40 refugees?
      – if Turkish, why did they delay the request for SAR & why did @ECHR_CEDH issue rescue orders to 🇬🇷? Can’t they read maps in Straßburg?

      #dispute_territoriale

    • Migrants Stranded on Islet in Evros River Abandoned to Die

      A group of nearly 40 migrants reportedly stranded on an islet in Evros River, where the borders of Greece and Turkey meet, have continued to plead for help as none of the two countries assumes responsibility for their rescue.

      The islet is not on Greek territory, the Hellenic Police Directorate said on Thursday and Sunday, adding that Turkish authorities have been notified to provide emergency help and evacuation.

      A tweet by Notis Mitarachis, Greek Minister of Migration and Asylum, reaffirmed Sunday afternoon that repeated searches had been conducted by Greek authorities, without detecting human presence on the islet.

      Migrants’ drama on Evros islet

      The dramatic situation of the group has attracted international attention.

      According to Al Jazeera, the migrants are asylum seekers from Syria and say they were forced on the islet by Turkish authorities on August 7 after repeated alleged pushbacks between the two countries.

      27-year-old Baida has been trying to get help from humanitarian organizations and journalists, she says, since a child in their group died from a scorpion bite and at least another is in need of urgent medical help -as is a pregnant woman with them.

      “According to reports received, a child has tragically already died. Unless urgent action is taken, we fear further lives remain at stake,” the UN Refugee Agency’s official account for media professionals wrote Saturday on Twitter.

      It urged the authorities of both countries do “everything possible to rescue the group immediately.”

      “We are also deeply concerned about migrants stranded by smugglers near our borders. The incident however, as reported by the Hellenic Police, is outside Greek territory,” Notis Mitarachis, Greek Minister of Migration and Asylum said in reply.

      Greece notified Turkey for search and rescue

      Hellenic Police had initially stated it was unable to locate the group of migrants.

      In a later statement, it said that the islet coordinates -provided by refugees’ rights organizations which alerted them on the issue- proved the islet was outside of Greek territory.

      Hellenic Police forwarded the coordinates to Turkish authorities at the Evros Trilateral Contact Center at Kapitan Andreevo, notifying them to evacuate the migrants, some of whom are in urgent need of medical attention.

      The center was set up in May 2015 between Greece, Turkey, and Bulgaria, where three borders meet, to help in police and customs coordination and in collaboration during emergencies including natural disasters. Authorities of each country are housed in the same center, but consult their individual databases, and observe their national laws.

      Refugees’ rights organizations and Greek opposition have nonetheless critisized the Greek authorities for indifference as the migrants’ drama on the Evros islet unfolds.

      In a joint announcement, SYRIZA MPs Anastasia Gara, Andreas Xanthos and Giorgos Psychogios, said Greece should put pressure on the highest political level to get both Turkey and the EU activated to rescue the migrants, and demand that Turkey provides immediate healthcare to the group, in the context of the two countries’ cooperation agreement in immigration.

      The latest statement by Hellenic Police, published Sunday, said that the Turkish authorities had indeed been notified twice to help the stranded migrants.

      “Every day and each moment, the Forces of the Hellenic Police protect the Greek and European borders, and certainly the human life, which is the prime value,” it concluded.

      https://greekreporter.com/2022/08/14/migrants-evros-abandoned-die

    • 1/ The group of 39 Syrians at the islet is now 100% on Greek territory.

      They crossed over to the Greek bank of the river today.

      They are now at this location according to metadata from their photos.

      2/ They were aware of all the “fake news” narrative circulating these past couple of days in Greece.

      And shared more videos and photos last night and today.

      This pregnant women says:

      “I’m pregnant at my 8th month and I need a doctor because there is bleeding”

      3/ Rescue is needed now.

      @112Greece
      emergency line is alerted

      @GCRefugees @rights360 @Border_Violence are doing everything humanly possible to ensure safety of group and access to asylum.

      This thread will be updated.

      4/ Colleague @lindseyhilsum from @Channel4 also got this video from Baida, the 27-y-o Syrian.

      Apparently the only ones who could not locate the refugees were Greek and (if reports are true) Turkish police.


      https://twitter.com/lindseyhilsum/status/1559166981273780225

      https://twitter.com/g_christides/status/1559165985944379393

    • Έβρος : Βρέθηκαν σε ελληνικό έδαφος οι 39 πρόσφυγες - Μεταφέρονται σε ασφαλές μέρος

      Περισσότερο από μία εβδομάδα απ’ όταν βρέθηκαν στη νησίδα του Έβρου ανατολικά του οικισμού Κισσάρι και αφού περίμεναν μάταια να τους διασώσουν οι Αρχές -με την ελληνική πλευρά να μην τους βρίσκει σε ελληνικό έδαφος και να έχει αποστείλει στην τουρκική πλευρά ενημέρωση- οι δεκάδες πρόσφυγες τελικά πέρασαν στην ελληνική όχθη του ποταμού.

      Σύμφωνα με το ρεπορτάζ της τηλεόρασης του Open και της Σοφίας Φασουλάκη, οι πρόσφυγες εντοπίστηκαν από τις ελληνικές Αρχές, τέσσερα χιλιόμετρα νοτιότερα του σημείου που αρχικά είχαν βρεθεί και πλέον γίνεται η μεταφορά τους σε ασφαλή περιοχή ώστε να τους παρασχεθούν οι πρώτες βοήθειες.

      Ανάμεσά τους και μια έγκυος, η οποία είναι καλά στην υγεία της, όπως καλά στην υγεία τους φαίνεται να είναι και οι υπόλοιποι 38 άνθρωποι.Άμεσα ξεκινά έρευνα προκειμένου να διαπιστωθεί ο χρόνος αλλά και ο τρόπος που πέρασαν στα ελληνικά σύνορα.
      Παρέμβαση και της Εθνική Επιτροπής για τα Δικαιώματα του Ανθρώπου

      Την άμεση εκκένωση των 39 Σύρων προσφύγων, είχε ζητήσει νωρίτερα σήμερα και η Διεθνής Επιτροπή Διάσωσης (IRC), καλώντας Ελλάδα και Τουρκία « να διευκολύνουν την παροχή βοήθειας σε αυτούς τους ανθρώπους, να τους εκκενώσουν από αυτή τη νησίδα με ασφάλεια και να εξασφαλίσουν δίκαιη και πλήρη πρόσβασή τους στις διαδικασίες ασύλου », όπως δήλωσε η Δήμητρα Καλογεροπούλου, Διευθύντρια του IRC Greece.
      Η ανακοίνωση της ΕΛΑΣ

      « Μετά από νεότερες πληροφορίες και εκτεταμένες έρευνες εντοπίστηκε στην παρέβρια περιοχή των Λαβάρων ομάδα παράτυπων μεταναστών, κατά δήλωσή τους από τη Συρία, αποτελούμενη από 22 άνδρες, 9 γυναίκες και 7 παιδιά, ενώ μία από τις γυναίκες είναι εγκυμονούσα. Επισημαίνεται ότι το συγκεκριμένο σημείο είναι περίπου 4 χιλιόμετρα νοτίως, από τις συντεταγμένες εκτός της ελληνικής επικράτειας, που είχαν δηλωθεί ως αρχική θέση προ ημερών.

      Από τη στιγμή του εντοπισμού τους έχουν σπεύσει προς αρωγή τους οι απαραίτητες δυνάμεις της ΕΛΑΣ και όλων των υπόλοιπων κρατικών υπηρεσιών, για την περίθαλψη των μεταναστών, την παροχή τροφής και νερού και τη μεταφορά τους σε χώρο προσωρινής φιλοξενίας ».

      https://www.ethnos.gr/Politics/article/220349/ebrosseellhnikosedafosoi39prosfygesentopisthkanapotisellhnikesarxesmetaferont

    • Police Say Refugees Stuck on Evros River Islet Not On Greek Land

      Several dozen refugees reportedly on an islet on the Evros River which is the border between Greece and Turkey are in limbo and begging to be rescued but Greece says they’re on Turkish territory – which isn’t helping them.

      Aid groups reported their plight with a report that they inside a restricted military zone at the border with Turkey, Greek police saying they are outside their jurisdiction for assistance, said Kathimerini.

      The police said it “repeats that the investigation shows that the point mentioned in the complaints is outside Greek territory and that it has informed the Turkish authorities twice.”

      The statement said that “from the moment that information emerged about the possible presence of immigrants on an islet, the Greek Police conducted successive investigations, using technical means at every opportunity, but did not detect the presence of people” at the location.

      “At the same time, the coordinates were given to the competent services of the armed forces, which pointed out that it is a location outside Greek territory,” not explaining whether there were people there or not.

      The Greek police subsequently briefed the Turkish authorities at the Kapitan Andreevo checkpoint in Bulgaria and said that Greek police “every day and at all times protect the Greek and European borders and, of course, human life, which is a primary value.”

      Greece’s New Democracy government, however, has been facing a barrage of accusations from human rights groups, Turkey and media reports of pushing back refugees and migrants – who Turkey allows human traffickers to keep sending.

      Turkey is housing some 4.4 million refugees and migrants who went there fleeing war, strife and economic hardship in their homelands and is supposed to contain them under an essentially-suspended 2016 swap deal with the European Union.

      The Greek Council of Refugees, said the United States’ CBS News in a special report, told the network that it had lost contact with the group and that a 5-year-old girl among them died after a scorpion bite and her site was also stung, the group’s President Vasileios Papadopoulos said.

      The council called on authorities to help them, the report saying the refugees have been on the islet for some three weeks on a river that’s perilous and where dozens have drowned trying to reach Greece.

      They reportedly were scavenging for whatever they could find to eat and trying to survive although the reports were sketchy about what may or may not be happening there with conflicting messages.

      NO MAN’S LAND

      “I’m saying, help … it’s difficult to survive,” a 28-year-old refugee named Bayda said in an emotional audio recording sent to news and humanitarian groups, the report added about the ordeal.

      “They are killing us in Syria, in Turkey, in this island, in Greece, in every place in the world,” she said through sobs. “What’s our fault? Because no one can hear us?” she also added.

      The Associated Press reported earlier that Greek police had said they were chasing reports about the migrants, but had not been able to locate them due to different coordinates being given for their location.

      The police told the AP that coordinates provided for the migrants were “outside Greek sovereignty,” and that they had asked neighboring Turkey to provide urgent assistance to no avail.

      The refugee council said that maps indicate the islet is in Greek territory but were glad that, “authorities at least finally acknowledge the existence of the group, which they had so far denied being able to find, despite knowing the location for days and despite their professed manned and unmanned search ops to locate them.”

      “What’s going to happen?” Bayda reportedly said in the audio message. “Maybe we all die in the morning. This island is full of snakes, scorpions, and a lot of insects … This is the hell in the earth. I swear, this is the hell in the earth, and no one can help us,” she added.

      The stuck refugees were being ping-ponged back-and-forth between Turkey and Greece, Papadopoulos told CBS News. He said contact may have been lost with them because members of the group’s phones died, or because they’ve been moved.

      But it was also said that his group and HumanRights360, released coordinates for a Google Maps location showing the islet is not in Greek territory as Greek police had said, adding to the contradiction and confusion.

      The European Court of Human Rights earlier issued an order on Tuesday instructing Greek authorities not to move refugees and migrants off Greek territory, and to provide them with humanitarian aid.

      A previous, similar order was issued at the end of July, Papadopoulos said.

      “The last two months especially, since the beginning of June, Greek authorities do not comply with the European court orders,” Papadopoulos said, CBS News saying it couldn’t get reaction from Greek or Turkish officials.

      Papadopoulos said because the islet was in a restricted zone, humanitarian organizations could not travel there to provide assistance unilaterally.

      “Save people. Save people,” he said when asked what his message to both governments would be. “Save this 9-year-old girl,” he further pleaded.

      https://www.thenationalherald.com/police-say-refugees-stuck-on-evros-river-islet-not-on-greek-land

    • Maria’s body has now been buried on the islet in the #Evros. She was killed not by a scorpion sting, but by Greek and EU border enforcement. Some initial (and unfinished) reflections on this horrible case and its wider significance. 1/9

      Greek #pushbacks have clearly become systematic in the regions of the #Evros and the #Aegean. The group on the islet is among tens of thousands who have experienced these cruel practices over the past years, which include acts of abduction, torture and killing. 2/9

      Despite overwhelming evidence of #pushbacks & #Frontex involvement, the EU Commission is largely silent. Unsurprising: von der Leyen even encouraged Greece to be Europe’s anti-migrant ‘shield’. Compared to the previous Commission, the current one clearly shifted to the right. 3/9

      The inconsequentiality of recent German warnings to Greece shows that the supposedly most powerful EU member state doesn’t have much weight in migration issues - ‘sovereign’ claims dominate. It also shows Germany’s unwillingness to put any real force behind the warnings. 4/9

      This current case highlights a weakness of international law. The European Court of Human Rights failed to force Greece to adhere to its rulings. Its important Rule 39 decision in the current case was simply ignored by Greek authorities, and not for the first time. 5/9

      Both Greece and Turkey benefit from staging ‘migration spectacles’. They abuse people on the move to score points in an increasingly anxious (and embarrassing) political conflict over territory, even if Greece seems to oddly concede some territory (the islet) in this case. 6/9

      The case demonstrates the weakness of the #UNHCR. Unwilling to make a clear stance and afraid to antagonise, the UNHCR uses strangely depoliticised language, and basically concedes its inability and unwillingness to really intervene. https://twitter.com/RefugeesMedia/status/1558363463168233473
      7/9

      The case shows how crucial forms of solidarity are. The direct exchanges between activist groups, journalists and the people on the move have amplified the voices of those experiencing border violence, even if they could not prevent such violence and, at times, feel helpless. 8/9

      Finally, in a situation where Greece & Turkey engage in necropolitical border violence, where EU institutions & member states condone such violence, where a human rights court & the UN are toothless, we need direct forms of intervention & disobedience, hopefully rather soon. END

      https://twitter.com/MauriceStierl/status/1559110757341601798

      #scorpion

    • Le long calvaire de 40 migrants syriens, bloqués sur un îlot entre Grèce et Turquie

      A la frontière gréco-turque, 40 Syriens sont restés bloqués pendant des jours au milieu du fleuve Evros. Malgré la mort d’une fillette, Athènes refusait de les secourir. Lundi, le groupe a finalement rejoint la rive grecque et été pris en charge.

      Elle s’appelait Maria, elle avait 5 ans. Piquée par un scorpion, cette Syrienne est morte le 9 août dans l’indifférence sur un îlot au milieu du fleuve Evros (aussi connu sous le nom de Maritsa), qui marque la frontière entre la Grèce et la Turquie. Près d’une semaine plus tard, alors qu’en ce lundi de l’Assomption, fête particulièrement importante dans le pays, les Grecs célébraient la Vierge Marie, la petite Maria, elle, attendait toujours d’être inhumée. Afin de le maintenir au frais, son cadavre a été plongé dans les eaux du fleuve par ses compagnons d’infortune. Pris au piège d’un îlot non identifié et des tensions entre la Grèce et la Turquie, la quarantaine de candidats à l’exil avaient été laissés à l’abandon.

      Ce lundi soir, ils ont finalement réussi à rejoindre la rive grecque de l’Evros, où ils ont été retrouvés et arrêtés. Sur Twitter, le ministre grec de l’Immigration, Notis Mitarachi, indique que la police a localisé un groupe de 38 personnes, qui se trouvaient selon lui « en très bonne santé ». Une « femme enceinte a été emmenée à l’hôpital par précaution », précise-t-il. Dans un communiqué, la police grecque explique que le groupe, « composé de 22 hommes, 9 femmes et 7 enfants », a été localisé dans la région de Lavara. La police et les « autres services gouvernementaux, ajoute le texte, se sont précipités à leur secours pour soigner les immigrés, leur fournir de la nourriture et de l’eau et les transporter vers un lieu d’hébergement temporaire ». Epilogue d’un drame qui aurait pu être évité.
      D’après les renseignements recueillis par des ONG spécialisées dans les questions migratoires, dont HumanRights360, le Greek Council for Refugees (GCR) et les activistes du réseau Alarm Phone, le long calvaire de ce groupe, composé initialement d’une cinquantaine de Syriens, a commencé mi-juillet lorsqu’ils ont traversé une première fois le fleuve Evros pour rejoindre la Grèce, porte d’entrée dans l’Union européenne. Comme tant d’autres avant eux, ils racontent alors avoir subi pendant plusieurs semaines les maltraitances des garde-côtes grecs et turcs. « La police grecque nous a battus et renvoyés en Turquie », ont-ils témoigné auprès d’Alarm Phone, dans une pratique illégale de refoulement (« pushback ») maintes fois documentée.
      Zone surmilitarisée

      D’abord coincée sur un premier îlot, puis de retour en Turquie, une partie du groupe s’est retrouvée enfermée « dans des casernes militaires », puis « jetée sur l’une de ces îles grecques pour la seconde fois, sans nourriture ni eau », au mépris du droit international et de la vie humaine. Entre-temps, au moins trois hommes seraient morts, l’un des suites de blessures infligées par les gardes-frontières grecs, les deux autres de noyade dans la traversée à la nage vers le rivage turc du fleuve. Bloqués au milieu du cours d’eau depuis une dizaine de jours, si près de la terre ferme que des habitants grecs assuraient les avoir entendus crier, les migrants avaient alerté les ONG, qui ont alors prévenu l’agence Frontex, chargée de garder les frontières extérieures de l’UE, le Haut-Commissariat de l’ONU pour les réfugiés (HCR) ainsi que le médiateur grec du Parlement européen. Sans effet.

      Pour justifier son inaction, la police grecque assurait ces derniers jours que l’îlot se trouvait du côté turc, et affirmait n’avoir trouvé, malgré de « multiples recherches », aucun migrant côté grec. « Quand les eaux baissent, certains îlots peuvent être du côté turc, admet le journaliste Antonis Telopoulos, qui connaît très bien la région. Cependant, les localisations envoyées par les migrants prouvent qu’ils sont bien du côté grec. » Dans un contexte de tensions permanentes entre Athènes et Ankara, les environs surmilitarisés de l’Evros font figure de zone interdite. Toute action y est suspendue aux autorisations des gouvernements. Impuissant, le HCR avait reconnu samedi sur Twitter « ne pas avoir accès à la zone », et exhorté « les autorités des deux pays à faire tout leur possible pour secourir le groupe immédiatement ».

      D’après les témoignages – photos, vidéos et messages vocaux – recueillis au fil des jours par la chaîne britannique Channel 4, les migrants pris au piège n’avaient rien à manger et buvaient l’eau du fleuve. « C’est l’enfer sur terre », expliquait une jeune femme. Ils évoquaient aussi les insectes, serpents et scorpions qui peuplent l’îlot. Egalement piquée par un scorpion, la sœur aînée de la petite Maria, âgée de 9 ans, se trouvait ce week-end entre la vie et la mort. Mais les autorités grecques refusaient que des secouristes interviennent. Même le président de la Fédération grecque des médecins hospitaliers, Panos Papanikolaou, qui avait demandé à pouvoir se rendre sur place, afin d’éviter « davantage de morts » dans les jours à venir, s’était vu opposer une fin de non-recevoir. Aucune information n’était disponible, lundi soir, sur l’état de santé de la jeune fille.
      « Où est l’humanité ? »

      Ne craignant pas le ridicule, voire l’indécence, les plus hauts responsables grecs ont rendu lundi un hommage appuyé à la Vierge Marie et aux valeurs humanistes. « Nous, les Grecs, avons associé à son visage l’amour, le souci des faibles, l’empathie. J’espère que ces valeurs continueront à nous inspirer », a déclaré la présidente de la République, Katerina Sakellaropoulou, lors d’un officie religieux sur l’île de Paros, dans les Cyclades. Quant au Premier ministre Kyriákos Mitsotákis (Nouvelle Démocratie, droite conservatrice), il a affirmé « se tenir aux côtés de ceux qui sont le plus dans le besoin ». Dans un message vocal envoyé il y a plusieurs jours à Channel 4, l’une des femmes coincées, une Syrienne de 27 ans, dressait un tout autre constat : « Personne ne veut de nous. Personne ne veut nous aider », déplorait-elle d’une voix tremblante. « Où est l’humanité dans la mort d’une fille qui n’a pas atteint l’âge de 6 ans, après avoir vécu la guerre et l’oppression en Syrie et en Turquie, et maintenant à la frontière grecque ? » s’indignaient d’autres auprès d’Alarm Phone.

      Où est l’humanité ? Aux portes de l’UE, cette question reste tragiquement d’actualité, sur terre comme en mer. Depuis le début du week-end, une vidéo, tournée par le passager d’un ferry à destination de l’île de Paros, fait le tour des réseaux sociaux. On y voit un corps sans vie flottant dans les eaux turquoise de la mer Egée, sans doute celui d’un migrant. Au 10 août, le HCR faisait état d’au moins 945 morts et disparus en Méditerranée. Le 7 juillet, la Grèce a été condamnée par la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme (CEDH) pour non-assistance à personne en danger, à la suite d’un naufrage qui avait coûté la vie à onze migrants en 2014. Huit ans plus tard, l’indifférence tue toujours.

      https://www.liberation.fr/international/europe/entre-la-grece-et-la-turquie-le-trop-long-calvaire-de-40-migrants-syriens

    • Grèce : la police localise enfin les 38 Syriens bloqués sur un îlot de l’Evros

      La police grecque a annoncé, lundi, avoir finalement découvert et mis en sécurité 38 Syriens qui, selon l’ONU, se trouvaient depuis plusieurs jours bloqués sur un îlot du fleuve Evros, à la frontière avec la Turquie. La police n’a pas confirmé la mort d’une fillette, qui faisait partie du groupe, rapportée par différentes sources la semaine dernière.

      Fin du cauchemar pour un groupe de 38 migrants syriens bloqués sur un îlot de l’Evros, en Grèce. Lundi 15 août, la police grecque a annoncé les avoir localisés dans la région de Lavara, à la frontière gréco-turque. Parmi eux, figuraient une femme enceinte et sept enfants.

      Les migrants ont été découverts "à environ quatre kilomètres du point initialement déclaré et qui était hors du territoire grec", a annoncé la police dans un communiqué.

      Selon le ministre des Migrations Notis Mitarachi, les migrants étaient "tous en très bon état" au moment de leur sauvetage. "La femme enceinte a été hospitalisée par précaution", a-t-il écrit sur Twitter, précisant qu’un bateau avait été découvert près d’eux.

      Des alertes concernant “la situation critique” de ces personnes avaient été émises par des organisations ces derniers jours, notamment par l’ONU et Ie Comité international de secours (IRC) qui avait exhorté les autorités à les évacuer de toute urgence.

      La Grèce avait affirmé, dimanche, être dans l’incapacité de les localiser malgré des recherches répétées côté grec, et avoir alerté les autorités turques pour qu’elles lancent des recherches sur leur territoire. Le ministère de l’Intérieur turc avait de son côté décliné tout commentaire.

      "Depuis qu’ils ont été localisés, les forces de police grecques et d’autres services gouvernementaux se sont précipités à leur secours, pour leur fournir des soins de santé, de la nourriture et de l’eau, et pour les transférer dans une zone de logement temporaire”, a encore affirmé la police grecque.
      La police grecque pas en mesure de confirmer le décès d’une fillette

      Selon des médias et des militants, ces personnes étaient coincées sur ce bout de terre situé à la frontière entre la Turquie et la Grèce depuis plusieurs jours. Samedi, le Haut-Commissariat de l’ONU pour les réfugiés (HCR) avait appelé "à la prise de mesures urgentes" pour sauver "une quarantaine de personnes qui seraient bloquées sur un îlot à la frontière entre la Grèce et la Turquie".

      Conséquence tragique de l’isolement de ce groupe : une enfant âgée de cinq ans, prénommée “Maria”, est décédée la semaine dernière sur l’îlot, selon différentes sources, dont l’ONU et des médias, après avoir été piquée par un scorpion. La police grecque a affirmé lundi ne pas être en mesure pour le moment de confirmer ce décès.

      "Selon les informations de presse reçues, un enfant est tragiquement déjà décédé. À moins que des mesures urgentes ne soient prises, nous craignons que d’autres vies ne soient en jeu", avait tweeté, la semaine dernière, le HCR.

      Une seconde fillette, la grande sœur de l’enfant décédée, était également menacée. Selon des témoignages des membres de ce groupe collectés par la plateforme d’urgence Alarm Phone, celle-ci était dans un état grave après avoir, elle aussi, été piquée par le scorpion. "Nous avons besoin d’un hôpital. Si personne n’agit pour l’aider, elle va mourir comme sa petite sœur", avait alerté le groupe.

      Des ONG de défense des droits humains et des médias ont rapporté que ces réfugiés auraient été victimes de refoulements illégaux entre la Grèce et la Turquie. Une pratique courante dans la zone : la Grèce a été critiquée à plusieurs reprises pour ce genre de procédé à l’encontre de migrants vers la Turquie sur sa frontière terrestre, au niveau du fleuve Evros, et maritime, en mer Égée, selon des témoignages des victimes publiés par des ONG, l’AFP et d’autres médias. Athènes a toujours nié ces accusations.

      Ce n’est pas non plus la première fois qu’un groupe de migrants se retrouve bloqué au milieu de l’Evros. Dernières occurrences en date : en juin, un groupe de 28 exilés, dont huit enfants, était resté bloqué plusieurs jours sur un îlot du fleuve, après avoir fait l’objet d’un refoulement par la police grecque. Et ce, alors même qu’il se trouvait sous la protection de la Cour européenne des droits de l’Homme. En avril, un autre groupe de 64 personnes avait été secouru par les autorités grecques après être resté plusieurs jours bloqué sur le fleuve.

      http://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/42648/grece--la-police-localise-enfin-les-38-syriens-bloques-sur-un-ilot-de-

  • 18.04.2022 In the Evros region - 37 people stranded on an islet in the river of Evros close to Didymoteicho.

    Among them, there are several sick people and one person has passed out. The situation is alarming: it is cold, rainy and the group ran out of food. Rescue is urgently needed!

    The people just informed us about movement on the islet. They reported a boat from the #Greek side has arrived & commandos attacked them. Already last week another group has been brutally pushed back in a similar situation. This must stop!

    The group had to spend the night on the islet. They are still suffering cold, fatigue & hunger. They wrote: “We have a sick child. He needs ambulances. The child will die.” Plus in the night they reported shots from the Turkish side. Stop this madness & get them off the islet!

    The group reports again movement on the #Greek side. On videos shared with us we can see small boats driving towards them. We hope these boats come for rescue and not for another attack. Get them off the islet, bring them to safety now!

    The group are still stranded on the islet & report that they hear voices on the Greek river bank. A woman needs dialysis treatment urgently! A border guard at the Didymoteicho station claimed during a phone call that they do not have any knowledge of the distress even though 1/2

    ...Alarm Phone alerted Greek authorities more than a day ago and, according to videos sent by the group, they have been located and addressed to several times by men arriving from the Greek river bank. 2/2

    20.04.2022: This group is still on the islet and the situation gets worse! They report that the water level of the Evros river is growing and water is entering the islet. They need to be brought off the islet - don’t put their lives at risk, rescue them now!!

    https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1516012244680720390

    #limbe #zone_frontalière #île #Evros #asile #migrations #réfugiés #frontières #fleuve_Evros #Turquie #Grèce #Thrace #îlots

    –-

    ajouté à la métaliste sur #métaliste sur des #réfugiés abandonnés sur des #îlots dans la région de l’#Evros, #frontière_terrestre entre la #Grèce et la #Turquie :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/953343

  • "Comme dans un #ping-pong" : 34 personnes coincées sur un îlot d’#Evros, à la frontière gréco-turque (à partir du 30.03.2022)

    Pendant plus de 48 heures, 34 migrants, dont des enfants, sont restés bloqués sur une petite île au milieu du fleuve d’Evros, à la frontière entre la Turquie et la Grèce, les deux pays se rejetant la responsabilité de leur prise en charge. C’est finalement une décision de la Cour Européenne des droits de l’Homme qui a poussé au lancement d’une évacuation ce vendredi. Ce type de situation se multiplie en raison de la « systématisation » des refoulements par les autorités grecques, selon les ONG.

    Depuis le 30 mars, 34 migrants étaient bloqués sur un îlot au milieu du fleuve Evros, qui marque la zone frontalière entre la Grèce et la Turquie. « Nous avons reçu de leur part des photos de voitures de police et de pompiers, vers midi : a priori, ils sont donc sur le point d’être évacués ou viennent de l’être... Mais nous n’avons pas encore reçu de confirmation », relate Lorenz, responsable du réseau d’activistes Alarm Phone, qui a donné l’alerte.

    Parmi ces personnes, on compte quatre femmes, dont une enceinte, et six enfants de moins de dix ans, signalent Alarm Phone et Border Violence Monitoring Network (BVMN), dans un communiqué commun paru le 31 mars.

    « Ils ont très froid la nuit et craignent que la pluie arrive. Ils nous rapportent que leurs réserves d’eau et de nourriture sont épuisées au point qu’ils les rationnent en ne les donnant qu’aux enfants », décrivaient les deux organisations.

    « Appel humanitaire : nous sommes coincés depuis deux jours sur une île grecque de la rivière d’Evros. Nous avons de jeunes enfants, des femmes et un vieil homme », précisait le groupe de 34 exilés dans un message d’alerte envoyé le 31 mars à diverses organisations internationales.

    « Une fois encore, Frontex reste inactif et met des vies en danger »

    Alarm Phone et BVMN assurent avoir prévenu, le 30 mars, les autorités grecques, l’agence Frontex, ainsi que le Haut-Commissariat aux réfugiés des Nations Unies (UNHCR). Mais aucune évacuation ni forme d’assistance n’avait été réalisée.

    Dans la foulée, Frontex a confirmé avoir reçu l’appel de détresse, mais « n’a fait que le transférer aux autorités grecques », pointent les deux organisations. À leurs yeux, « une fois encore, Frontex reste inactif et met des vies en danger ».

    Alarm Phone et BVMN ont également pu joindre au téléphone des officiers grecs. Ces derniers ont reconnu avoir connaissance de cette situation, « et ont assuré qu’ils ramèneraient les personnes en Grèce ». Mais sans mettre en oeuvre cette promesse. Une nuit de plus s’est donc écoulée.
    Déblocage de la situation grâce à la CEDH

    Le déblocage de la situation est venue de la Cour Européenne des droits de l’Homme (CEDH). Saisie en urgence de l’affaire, celle-ci a imposé des mesures provisoires de protection de ces 34 personnes. Elle a notifié l’État grec, au matin de ce 1er avril, de son obligation de fournir un abri et des vivres au groupe.

    « La décision de la CEDH est un argument fort, et un instrument puissant. Dans ce cas concret, elle a créé la pression dont nous avions besoin pour augmenter les possibilités d’évacuation des personnes », souligne Lorenz. De quoi « redonner un peu d’espoir, ce matin, au groupe avec lequel nous sommes resté en contact permanent ».

    Mais aux dernières nouvelles, les personnes demeuraient toujours « épuisées et très effrayées, car la situation reste très incertaine », insiste Lorenz. Et pour cause : la menace d’un refoulement vers la Turquie continue de planer.
    « Les deux autorités jouent avec la vie des gens comme dans un ping-pong »

    « On voit beaucoup de cas de personnes qui arrivent sur le territoire grec, se font repérer, et refouler par les autorités sur ces petites îles dans la rivière », affirme Lorenz. C’est là que commence le jeu géopolitique : « ces îles sont-elles sur le territoire grec, ou turc ? Ce n’est souvent pas clair. Les deux autorités jouent avec la vie des gens comme dans un ping-pong ».

    https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1509610524559953923

    « Nous sommes toujours en contact avec le groupe et ils viennent de nous dire qu’ils ont été attaqués par des hommes en tenue militaire », relayait Alarm Phone dans un tweet hier. Les 34 personnes témoignaient alors auprès des ONG avoir vu des « véhicules militaires et des voitures banalisées » rôdant sur la rive non loin de l’îlot, ainsi que des « drones » dans les alentours.

    « Nous souffrons du froid, mais nous ne pouvons pas allumer un feu pour nous réchauffer à cause de l’armée grecque (...) Les militaires grecques terrifient les enfants et les femmes avec leurs méthodes, ils veulent que nous nous rendions pour nous ramener en Turquie », écrivaient-elles dans leur message aux organisations internationales. Or, toutes ces personnes souhaitent demander l’asile en Grèce, indiquent les ONG.

    Les intimidations, et surtout les « pushback » (refoulements à chaud), sont ainsi monnaie courante dans la région de l’Evros. Ils sont documentés par les acteurs de terrain, ONG et enquêtes médiatiques, malgré le déni des autorités.

    Une situation qui se répète

    Pas plus tard qu’à la mi-mars 2022, un groupe de 30 Syriens était également resté bloqué sur un îlot pendant près de cinq jours. Selon leurs témoignages, les autorités grecques elles-mêmes les auraient refoulés sur ce bout de terre.

    Dans cette opération, un petit garçon de quatre ans, le fils de l’une des personnes du groupe, s’est noyé. Suite à la couverture médiatique et la mobilisation d’ONG autour de cette affaire, les autorités grecques avaient finalement porté assistance aux autres migrants du groupe, le 18 mars.

    En janvier également, 25 Syriens et 4 Turcs étaient restés coincés de la même façon. Comme le rapportait la presse grecque, Athènes refusait d’organiser leur sauvetage, leur intimant de retourner par leurs propres moyens en Turquie, en traversant l’Evros. « Les courants du fleuve sont forts en hiver. Il est impensable de laisser des personnes entrer dans l’eau », s’offusquait alors Nathalie Gruber, la porte-parole de l’association Josoor, auprès d’InfoMigrants.

    Ce type de situations, avec des groupes laissés sur des îlots sans pouvoir en repartir, a été documenté et médiatisé tout au long de l’année 2021 également. « Depuis 2020, craignant des représailles, les Grecs ne déposent plus toujours les migrants côté turc, ils ne s’approchent plus des rives voisines, ils laissent les exilés sur ces îles entre les deux pays », expliquait Natalie Gruber à InfoMigrants.
    Une pratique ancienne, mais qui se normalise

    « Les pushback ont toujours été une pratique constante de la violence aux frontières, depuis le milieu des années 90. Mais ces deux dernières années, on observe une normalisation de cette violence. Cela devient une pratique systématique », décrit Lorenz.

    « Ici, ça se fait très souvent. La zone frontalière est militarisée (interdite aux civils), ce n’est pas compliqué, personne ne nous surveille », confirmait un ex-policier grec dans un témoignage recueilli par InfoMigrants. Il agissait ainsi, d’après ses dires, depuis les années 90.

    Depuis de nombreuses années, les populations sur la route de l’exil traversent l’Evros depuis les rives turques pour entrer en Union européenne. Mais la crise migratoire de mars 2020, pendant laquelle des dizaines de milliers de migrants sont arrivés en Grèce via Kastanies après l’ouverture des frontières turques, a tout aggravé. « Nous avons aujourd’hui 850 militaires le long de l’Evros », avait déclaré un garde-frontière de la région à une équipe d’InfoMigrants sur place. « Frontex est présent avec nous ».

    https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/39597/comme-dans-un-pingpong--34-personnes-coincees-sur-un-ilot-devros-a-la-
    #limbe #zone_frontalière #île #Evros #asile #migrations #réfugiés #frontières #fleuve_Evros #Turquie #Grèce #Thrace #îlots

    –-

    ajouté à la métaliste sur #métaliste sur des #réfugiés abandonnés sur des #îlots dans la région de l’#Evros, #frontière_terrestre entre la #Grèce et la #Turquie :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/953343

    • NON-assistance for 34 people stuck on a Greek islet in the border river between Turkey and Greece

      Joint Statement by Alarm Phone & Border Violence Monitoring Network (BVMN)

      For almost two days, 34 people – including four women, one of whom is pregnant, six children under the age of 10 and 24 men – are stuck on a small islet of the Evros river at the land border between Turkey and Greece. The Greek authorities, as well as Frontex and the UNHCR, have been informed since mid-day yesterday, March 30. Since then, the group has reported that from the Greek side, military vehicles as well as unmarked cars have been visiting the Greek river bank next to the islet, and drones have reportedly spotted the area. The group still has not been evacuated. We urge the Greek authorities to rescue them off the islet immediately.

      They are freezing at night and are worried it will start raining soon. They report that their food and water supplies are so low that they are now rationing their supplies to the children only.

      Yesterday, the group sent this message to several organizations:

      “Humanitarian appeal: We have been stuck for two days on a Greek island in the Evros river. We have young children, women and an old man. We suffer from lack of food and two children are in poor health. We hope to help us reach the Cross or the Red Crescent. We cannot get out of here and our situation is tragic.

      Please help us. This is our situation for two days. We suffer from cold, but we cannot light a fire to warm up because of the Greek army and the children are suffering from cold in the middle of the island. Greek soldiers terrify children and women with their methods, they want us to surrender ourselves to take us back to Turkey.”

      At noon on March 30 Alarm Phone alerted Greek authorities, Frontex and UNHCR in order to assist the group in getting off the islet. On the phone, Greek officers first told Alarm Phone they did not find the group. They later acknowledged, however, knowing about the case and assured to bring the people to Greece. Despite their promises, the group remains stuck on the islet without any help ever since. Also, Frontex confirmed having received the distress call, however only forwarding it to the Greek authorities. Once again, Frontex stays inactive and puts people’s lives at risk.

      In a similar incident on March 18, a child drowned, as reported by ECRE. Any loss of life would be on the authorities who remained inactive despite knowing about the distress situation!

      The Border Violence Monitoring Network (BVMN) reached out to the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) and called to invoke Interim Measures on this case to push for their safe passage to Greece. The people are tired, desperate and need immediate assistance – they cannot stay another night on the island. We demand immediate intervention!

      https://alarmphone.org/en/2022/03/31/non-assistance-for-34-people

  • Le Covid-19, nouveau danger pour les migrants en #Méditerranée

    Seul bateau humanitaire à opérer en ce moment, le « #Alan_Kurdi » cherche en vain un port pour débarquer 150 rescapés. Avec l’épidémie, l’Italie et Malte ont fermé leurs ports et disent n’être plus en mesure de mener des opérations de sauvetage.

    La scène est devenue d’une triste banalité. Depuis cinq jours, le bateau de sauvetage Alan Kurdi, de l’ONG allemande Sea-Eye, erre en Méditerranée entre Malte et l’île italienne de Lampedusa. Aucun des deux Etats n’est prêt à accueillir les 150 rescapés que le bateau a recueillis le 6 avril au large de la Libye. Avec l’épidémie de Covid-19 qui fait rage (plus de 18 000 morts en Italie, deux dans le petit archipel maltais), ils s’opposent même à un débarquement temporaire des migrants avant une relocalisation dans d’autres pays, alors que 150 villes allemandes se sont dites prêtes à accueillir des réfugiés, selon Sea-Eye. Rome aurait également refusé d’approvisionner le bateau en nourriture, médicaments et carburant.

    Le coronavirus et la fermeture du continent européen ont rendu les traversées de la Méditerranée plus risquées encore, et le travail des ONG plus difficile. Le Alan Kurdi est actuellement le seul navire humanitaire à patrouiller en Méditerranée centrale. Le bateau de l’ONG espagnole Open Arms est en réfection. Sea Watch et MSF ne sont pas retournés en mer après avoir été placés en quarantaine au large de l’Italie début mars.

    Fermeture des ports

    Après l’annonce du sauvetage effectué le 6 avril par le Alan Kurdi, et alors que le bateau demandait à l’Italie et à Malte une autorisation de débarquer, Rome et La Vallette ont choisi de fermer complètement leurs ports. Le 8 avril, le gouvernement italien annonçait que tant que l’état d’urgence sanitaire serait en vigueur, « les ports italiens ne pourraient être considérés comme "sûrs" pour le débarquement de navires battant pavillon étranger ». « A l’heure actuelle et en raison de l’épidémie de Covid-19, les ports ne présentent plus les conditions sanitaires nécessaires », a précisé le ministère des Transports.

    Malte a suivi le même chemin le 9 avril. « Il n’est actuellement pas possible d’assurer la disponibilité d’une zone sûre sur le territoire maltais sans mettre en danger l’efficacité des structures nationales de santé et de logistique », affirme le gouvernement, qui incite les migrants à ne pas tenter le voyage. « Il est de leur intérêt et de leur responsabilité de ne pas se mettre en danger en tentant un voyage risqué vers un pays qui n’est pas en mesure de leur offrir un abri sûr. »
    Selon l’agence européenne de surveillance des frontières, Frontex, les arrivées illégales en Europe ont diminué avec la pandémie, sans s’arrêter pour autant. Ainsi, 800 personnes ont quitté la Libye en mars, selon l’agence de l’ONU pour les réfugiés. De l’autre côté de la Méditerranée, 177 personnes ont débarqué en Italie entre le 2 et le 8 avril, selon l’OIM. « Nous avons constaté une augmentation des traversées cette semaine en Méditerranée centrale, probablement due à l’instabilité croissante en Libye et à un temps clément », précise une porte-parole d’Alarm Phone, ONG qui alerte les garde-côtes si elle repère des embarcations en détresse. Dans la nuit du 6 au 7 avril, 67 personnes ont ainsi réussi à atteindre Lampedusa par elles-mêmes après avoir dérivé plusieurs dizaines d’heures. Alertés, les garde-côtes italiens et maltais ne sont pas intervenus.

    Sabotage

    « Notre ligne d’urgence pour les personnes en détresse a constaté ces derniers jours un comportement de plus en plus irresponsable des garde-côtes européens. Les Maltais ou les Italiens n’interviennent pas toujours ou n’arrivent que très longtemps après les alertes », affirme Alarm Phone. L’ONG accuse les gardes-côtes de Malte d’avoir saboté le 9 avril un bateau transportant 70 personnes, qui se trouvait à 20 miles au sud-ouest de l’île. D’après un enregistrement consulté par le New York Times, les garde-côtes auraient coupé le câble d’alimentation du moteur. On y entend aussi l’un d’eux dire : « On va vous laisser mourir dans l’eau. Personne n’entre à Malte. » L’embarcation a finalement été secourue plusieurs heures plus tard.

    Avec la fermeture des ports, les garde-côtes devraient encore limiter leurs interventions. La Vallette a prévenu qu’elle ne serait plus en mesure de mener des missions de sauvetage. « Les personnes qui fuient la Libye devront rejoindre les points les plus méridionaux de Malte ou de l’Italie par elles-mêmes. C’est un pari extraordinairement risqué pour ces bateaux fragiles et trop chargés », s’inquiète Alarm Phone. « Malgré la pression que la pandémie fait peser sur tous les aspects de la société, nous sommes extrêmement préoccupés par ces décisions politiques qui, de fait, outrepassent le droit international.  Le débarquement des rescapés dans un lieu sûr est une obligation pour les capitaines de navire et les États ont la responsabilité juridique de coopérer à la désignation d’un lieu "sûr" approprié, rappelle une porte-parole de SOS Méditerranée.  Nous craignons que les gouvernements européens établissent une hiérarchie entre deux devoirs de priorité égale : sauver des vies à terre et sauver des vies en mer ».

    La situation est d’autant plus préoccupante que le nombre de traversées devrait repartir à la hausse, comme c’est habituellement le cas au printemps. Et pour la première fois, la marine libyenne pourrait refuser de pourchasser les migrants, là aussi en raison de la pandémie. Tripoli a suivi ses voisins du nord et déclaré ses propres ports « non sûrs ». Un bateau officiel des garde-côtes avec 280 rescapés à bord a été interdit d’aborder dans la capitale libyenne. Selon Sea-Eye, leurs collègues à terre exigent quant à eux des masques pour continuer les opérations d’interception.


    https://www.liberation.fr/planete/2020/04/10/le-covid-19-nouveau-danger-pour-les-migrants-en-mediterranee_1784859
    #ONG #sauvetage #Méditerranée #asile #migrations #réfugiés #Mer_Méditerranée #ports #ports_fermés #fermeture_des_ports #frontières #fermeture_des_frontières

    ping @thomas_lacroix

    • Les migrants abandonnés en Méditerranée

      Le navire humanitaire allemand Alan Kurdi est coincé en mer avec 150 personnes à bord, l’Italie et Malte ayant fermé leurs ports pour cause de coronavirus. En raison de la guerre qui sévit à Tripoli, la Libye refuse de faire débarquer sur son sol 280 migrants interceptés par les gardes-côtes libyens.
      Il n’y a plus de port en Méditerranée centrale prêt à accueillir les demandeurs d’asile sauvés en mer. Les bateaux humanitaires se trouvent pris en étau entre les ports italiens et maltais, fermés pour cause de coronavirus, et les ports libyens, qui se ferment également pour cause de guerre.

      L’Alan Kurdi, le bateau de l’ONG allemande Sea Eye, avait tout juste repris du service en mer depuis quelques heures, après plus d’un mois d’absence de navire humanitaire en Méditerranée, qu’il a été amené à secourir, lundi 6 avril au matin, 62 personnes qui avaient lancé un appel de détresse depuis leur embarcation de bois surchargée dans les eaux internationales au large de la Libye.

      L’ONG rapporte que pendant le sauvetage, un hors-bord battant pavillon libyen les a menacés en tirant des coups de feu en l’air. Pris de panique, la moitié des migrants se sont alors jetés à l’eau, mais ils ont pu être sauvés par l’équipage de l’Alan Kurdi.

      Les ports italiens décrétés « peu sûrs »

      Quelques heures plus tard, le bateau était amené à secourir une deuxième embarcation, avec 82 personnes à bord dont une femme enceinte. Selon l’ONG, le bateau italien de ravitaillement de plates-formes pétrolières Asso Ventinove, présent à proximité du bateau en détresse, avait refusé de procéder au sauvetage.

      En raison de la pandémie de Covid-19, les autorités italiennes et maltaises ont informé l’Allemagne qu’elles refusaient tout débarquement sur leurs côtes, même si une répartition des personnes sauvées entre les États européens était organisée. Le 7 avril, le gouvernement italien a publié un décret déclarant ses ports « peu sûrs » tant que durera l’urgence de santé publique.

      Depuis, l’Alan Kurdi reste en mer avec, à son bord, les 150 personnes secourues. Une nouvelle errance en Méditerranée qui rappelle la crise de l’été dernier, lorsque sous, l’impulsion de son ministre de l’intérieur d’extrême droite, Matteo Salvini, l’Italie avait fermé ses ports.

      Gorden Isler, président de Sea-Eye, veut croire que l’Allemagne saura leur venir en aide. « Le gouvernement fédéral a réussi à rapatrier 200 000 de ses propres citoyens de l’étranger dans un effort immense. Il doit être imaginable et humainement possible d’envoyer un avion pour 150 personnes en quête de sécurité en Europe du Sud », a-t-il plaidé.

      Une situation « tragique » à Tripoli

      De l’autre côté de la Méditerranée, la guerre bat son plein. Un an après le lancement, le 4 avril 2019, de l’offensive sur Tripoli par le maréchal Haftar et ses troupes de l’est libyen, le conflit a « dégénéré en une dangereuse et potentiellement interminable guerre par procuration alimentée par des puissances étrangères cyniques »,dénonçait la mission des Nations unies en avril dernier.

      Selon elle, 150 000 personnes ont été forcées de fuir leurs foyers, et près de 350 000 civils restent dans les zones de la ligne de front, sans compter 750 000 autres qui vivent dans les zones touchées par les affrontements. Pour la troisième fois de la semaine, l’hôpital Al-Khadra de Tripoli a été bombardé. « Des éclats d’obus ont touché une salle d’opération et un chirurgien en train d’opérer un patient », précise le journal The Libya observer.

      280 migrants bloqués au large de Tripoli

      En raison de l’intensification des bombardements, y compris sur le port de Tripoli, les autorités libyennes ont refusé, le 9 avril, de laisser débarquer 280 migrants interceptés par les gardes-côtes libyens contraints de rester à bord du bateau, a alerté l’Organisation internationale pour les migrations (OIM). L’OIM, présent au point de débarquement pour fournir une aide d’urgence, a jugé la situation « tragique ».

      Selon elle, au moins 500 migrants à bord de six bateaux ont quitté la Libye en une semaine en raison de l’intensification du conflit et de l’amélioration des conditions météorologiques. 150 d’entre eux se trouvent à bord de l’Alan Kurdi, et 177 sont arrivés en Italie (soit près de 3 000 depuis le début de l’année).

      « Le droit maritime international et les obligations en matière de droits de l’homme doivent être respectés pendant l’urgence Covid-19 », revendique l’OIM. « Le statu quo ne peut pas continuer », dénonce-t-elle, en réclamant « une approche globale de la situation en Méditerranée centrale ».

      https://www.la-croix.com/Monde/migrants-abandonnes-Mediterranee-2020-04-10-1201088875
      #port_sûr #ports_sûrs

    • L’Italie - par un décret signé par 4 ministres - annonce le 7 avril que l’Italie ne peut plus être considéré un #POS (#place_of_safety) pour les migrants interceptés par des bateaux battant pavillon étranger hors des eaux nationales.

      https://www.avvenire.it/c/attualita/Documents/M_INFR.GABINETTO.REG_DECRETI(R).0000150.07-04-2020%20(3).pdf

      Nombreuses les réaction de dénonciation de cette décision par la société civile

      –> l’appel du Tavolo Asilo (circulé hier sur la liste)
      –> l’appel des ong de sauvetage en mer https://mediterranearescue.org/news/ong-decreto-porto-sicuro

      –> un appel signé par parlementaires, sénateurs, conseillers régionaux et parlementaires européennes (de majorité gouvernementale)

      Hier Malte annonce aussi la fermeture de ses ports

      https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/malta-says-it-cannot-guarantee-migrant-rescues.784571
      pour ensuite décider - hier à 22:30 - de laisser débarquer un bateau avec à bord 61 migrant(e)s 41 heures après avoir lancé un sos (source : alarm phone) https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1248503658188140545

      Tripoli se déclare aussi un port non sure et refoulé un de ses propres motovedettes avec à bord 280 migrant(e)s, dont semblerait aussi femmes et enfants

      https://www.avvenire.it/amp/attualita/pagine/tripoli-si-dichiara-porto-non-sicuro-e-respinge-una-propria-motovedetta-con
      Selon l’OIM la Libye se déclare port non sures à cause de l’intensification du conflit qui toucherait aussi le port de Tripoli-
      Le Gouvernement de Al Serraj déclarait de ne avoir presque plus le control du port de Tripoli.

      Cette semaine serait autour de 500 les migrants partis des cotes libyennes. 67 ont pu arriver par leur moyen à Lampedusa, 150 sont toujours à bord du bateau Alan Kurdi (sans pouvoir trouver un port de débarquement) et les autres ont été interceptés par les « Gardes Cotes Libyennes ». 280 sont à bord d’une motovodette libyenne au large de Tripoli après etre en mer depuis 72heures.

      –-> Message de Sara Prestianni, reçu via la mailing-list Migreurop, le 10.04.2020

      #Malte #Libye

    • Migrants trapped on boat in Tripoli due to shelling

      The plight of 280 migrants trapped on a boat in Tripoli harbour due to shelling has shown that EU states and other regional powers needed “a comprehensive approach to the situation in the central Mediterranean,” the International Organisation for Migration, a UN agency, has said. The Libyan coast guard intercepted the migrants en route to Europe, but port authorities refused to let them disembark due to the intensity of fighting.

      https://euobserver.com/tickers/148047

    • The Covid-19 Excuse: Non-Assistance in the Central Mediterranean becomes the Norm

      The Covid-19 pandemic has allowed states to enact emergency measures which curtail the right and freedom to move, within Europe and beyond. While some measures seem justified in order to contain the spread of a dangerous virus, European authorities have used this health crisis to normalise the already existing practice of non-assistance at sea. In the central Mediterranean, the consequences are particularly devastating. These measures, implemented in the name of ‘saving lives’, have the opposite effect: people are left at serious risk of dying in distress at sea. Under the veil of the health crisis, European authorities are carrying out racist border security policies that make sea crossings even more dangerous and deadly.
      Over 1,000 people try to escape Libya in one week

      In only one week, 5-11 April 2020, over 1,000 people on more than 20 boats have left the Libyan shore. The Alarm Phone was alerted to 10 boats in total, two of which were rescued by Alan Kurdi on 6 April. Over 500 people are reported to have been returned to Libya within merely three days. Some of the survivors have informed us that six people drowned. Many of those returned were kept imprisoned on a ship at Tripoli harbour. Moreover, the fate of some boats remains unclear. At the same time, we have also learned of several other boats that reached Italy autonomously, arriving in Lampedusa, Sicily, Linosa and Pantelleria.

      At the time of writing, 14.30h CEST on 11 April, four boats are still in severe distress at sea. The Armed Forces of Malta refuse to rescue a boat in the Maltese Search and Rescue (SAR) zone. The people on board tell us: “People are without water, the pregnant woman is so tired, the child is crying, so thirsty. Please if you don’t want to save us give us at least water.”
      Creating a deadly Rescue Gap

      In the central Mediterranean, a dangerous rescue gap is actively being created. European coastguards and navies, as well as the so-called Libyan coastguards are stating that they will not engage in SAR activities. One civil rescue boat, the Alan Kurdi, was able to rescue two boats in the current good weather period. However, with 150 people now on board, they are searching for a Port of Safety and cannot carry out further operations. All other rescue NGOs are not allowed or unable to carry out SAR operations.

      For the Alarm Phone, the greatest challenge is the systematic withdrawal of European authorities from the central Mediterranean area. We have documented several scandalous delays and even acts of sabotage at sea. One of the boats that reached out to us was rescued by Italian authorities to Lampedusa only after it had fully crossed the Maltese SAR zone, with the Armed Forces of Malta refusing to intervene. Another boat already in the Maltese SAR zone with 66 people on board was rescued only after about 40 hours. The people on board told us that the Armed Forces of Malta tried to cut the cable of the engine, telling them: “I leave you to die in the water. Nobody will come to Malta.”

      We have experienced irresponsible behaviour by European authorities in all distress cases that have reached the Alarm Phone. Routinely, the so-called “Rescue Coordination Centres” hang up the phone, refuse to take down new information, or are not reachable for hours.
      “Libya is worse than the Corona virus”

      We call on all European authorities to cease endangering the lives of people who seek to escape torture, rape, and war in Libya. Despite the Covid-19 crisis, Europe is still safe compared to Libya and has the resources to carry out vital SAR operations. People trying to flee from Libya are aware of the danger of crossing the sea and the spread of Covid-19 within Europe. Still, as they tell Alarm Phone: “Libya is worse than the Corona virus.”

      https://alarmphone.org/en/2020/04/11/the-covid-19-excuse/?post_type_release_type=post

  • Malte permet à des garde-côtes libyens d’entrer dans sa zone de sauvetage pour intercepter des migrants

    Une embarcation de migrants a été interceptée vendredi dernier dans la zone de recherche et de sauvetage maltaise par une patrouille de garde-côtes libyens. Les 50 personnes qui se trouvaient à bord ont été ramenées en Libye. Pour la première fois, Alarm phone a pu documenter cette violation du #droit_maritime_international. Le HCR a ouvert une #enquête.

    L’agence des Nations unies pour les réfugiés (HCR) a annoncé mardi 22 octobre l’ouverture d’une enquête après que les autorités maltaises ont laissé des garde-côtes libyens intercepter une embarcation de migrants en détresse qui se trouvait dans la zone de recherche et de sauvetage (SAR) maltaise.

    Alarm phone, une organisation qui permet aux bateaux de migrants en difficultés de demander de l’aide, a retracé mercredi 23 octobre, dans un communiqué, le déroulé des événements qui ont conduit à l’emprisonnement des 50 migrants dans le centre de #Tarik_al_Sika, à #Tripoli.

    Tout commence le vendredi 18 octobre, en début d’après-midi, quand Alarm phone reçoit un appel de détresse d’un bateau surchargé. Environ 50 personnes, dont des femmes et des enfants, se trouvent à bord de ce rafiot en bois. Les coordonnées GPS que les migrants envoient à Alarm Phone indiquent qu’ils se trouvent dans la SAR zone maltaise.

    La plateforme téléphonique transmet alors la position de l’embarcation aux centres de coordination des secours en mer de Malte (#RCC) et de Rome (#MRCC). Malte ne tarde pas à répondre : “Nous avons reçu votre email. Nous nous occupons de tout", indique un officier maltais.

    Enfermement à Tripoli

    Dans les heures qui suivent, Alarm phone tente de garder le contact avec le RCC de Malte et le MRCC de Rome mais ne reçoit plus de réponse. À bord, les migrants donnent de nouvelles coordonnées GPS à l’organisation : ils se trouvent toujours dans la SAR zone maltaise. Le dernier contact entre Alarm phone et l’embarcation a lieu à 17h40.

    Quelques heures plus tard, le #PB_Fezzan, un navire appartenant aux garde-côtes libyens, a intercepté l’embarcation de migrants dans la zone de recherche et sauvetage de Malte. Les équipes d’Alarm phone apprennent, par un officier du RCC de Malte, qu’un hélicoptère des Forces armées maltaises avait été impliqué dans l’opération, en "supervisant la situation depuis les airs".

    Le PB Fezzan est ensuite rentré à Tripoli avec les migrants à son bord. Tous ont été placés dans le centre de détention de Tarik al Sika.

    Violation des conventions internationales et du principe de non-refoulement

    En ne portant pas secours à cette embarcation, le RCC de Malte a violé à la fois le droit de la mer et le principe de non-refoulement établi dans la Convention européenne des droits de l’Homme et celle relative au statut international de réfugiés.

    Le HCR a ouvert une enquête afin de déterminer pour quelles raisons Malte n’a pas porté secours à l’embarcation, a indiqué mardi Vincent Cochetel, l’envoyé spécial du HCR pour la Méditerranée centrale, à l’agence Associated press (AP).

    Selon lui, "des preuves existent que Malte a demandé à des garde-côtes libyens d’intervenir" dans sa propre zone de recherche et sauvetage le 18 octobre. "Le problème est que les migrants ont été débarqués en Libye. Il ne fait aucun doute qu’il s’agit d’une violation des lois maritimes. Il est clair que la Libye n’est pas un port sûr", a-t-il ajouté.

    Vincent Cochetel a également affirmé qu’il ne s’agissait pas de la première fois que Malte se rendait coupable d’une telle non-assistance.

    "Malte est particulièrement peu coopérant"

    Contacté par InfoMigrants, Maurice Stierl, membre d’Alarm phone, rappelle qu’il n’est pas rare que les garde-côtes européens ne remplissent pas leurs obligations. "Ce cas est particulièrement dramatique mais ce n’est pas une surprise pour nous tant nous avons vu [des autorités européennes] se dérober à leurs responsabilités", assure-t-il.

    "Malte est particulièrement peu coopérant ces dernières semaines. Quand nous les appelons, soit ils sont injoignables, soit ils ne nous communiquent pas d’informations sur les modalités de la mission de sauvetage qu’ils vont lancer", s’agace l’activiste.

    Malte n’est pas le seul pays européen à rechigner à secourir des migrants en Méditerranée centrale, précise Maurice Stierl. "Nous avons aussi eu de mauvaises expériences avec d’autres États membres dont le MRCC de Rome […] C’est un problème européen."

    https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1187265157937991680?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E11

    https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/20377/malte-permet-a-des-garde-cotes-libyens-d-entrer-dans-sa-zone-de-sauvet
    #migrations #réfugiés #zone_SAR #SAR #gardes-côtes_libyens #sauvetage #asile #migrations #réfugiés #frontières #Méditerranée #pull-back #Mer_Méditerranée

  • JE VAIS COMMENCER ICI UN NOUVEAU FIL DE DISCUSSION, SUR LES SAUVETAGES ET LES NAUFRAGES EN MEDITERRANEE.

    CE FIL DE DISCUSSION COMPLÈTE CELUI COMMENCÉ ICI :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/768421

    Ici la métaliste complète:
    https://seenthis.net/messages/706177

    ping @isskein

    –------------

    Ecco il decreto sicurezza-bis: multe per ogni migrante trasportato e per chi non rispetta le norme Sar

    Salvini si attribuisce la competenza a vietare il transito delle navi ritenute pericolose e prevede che a indagare possano essere solo le Dda. Pene più pesanti per chi aggredisce le forze dell’ordine. Il M5S: «Il ministro dell’Interno copre così il fallimento sui rimpatri».

    È un vero e proprio blitz quello con il quale il ministro dell’Interno Matteo Salvini vara un #decreto_sicurezza_bis che prevede sanzioni pecuniarie pesantissime contro chi soccorrse i migranti in violazione delle norme #Sar ma soprattutto con cui attribuisce al Viminale e alle Direzione distrettuali antimafia competenze che erano del ministero dei Trasporti e delle Procure ordinarie.

    Il provvedimento consta di dodici articoli, la maggior parte dei quali dedicato ancora al contrasto dell’immigrazione clandestina. Con norme clamorose destinate a spaccare il consiglio dei ministri.
    La prima prevede sanzioni a chi «nello svolgimento di operazioni di soccorso in acque internazionali, non rispetta gli obblighi previste dalle Convenzioni internazionali», dunque i comportamenti che Salvini attribuisce alle navi umanitarie. Le sanzioni previste sono di due tipi: da 3.500 a 5.500 euro per ogni straniero trasportato e, nei casi reiterati, se la nave è battente bandiera italiana la sospensione o la revoca della licenza da 1 a 12 mesi.

    L’articolo numero 2 va a modificare il #Codice_della_navigazione. Salvini attribuisce al Viminale quelle che sono al momento competenze del ministero dei Trasporti, in particolare la limitazione o il divieto di transito nelle acque territoriali di navi qualora sussistano ragioni di sicurezza e di ordine pubblico. E, come già scritto nelle direttive fin qui emanate, Salvini ritiene che tutte le navi che trasportino migranti siano una minaccia per la sicurezza nazionale.

    Il decreto modifica anche il codice di procedura penale estendendo anche alle ipotesi non aggravate di favoreggiamento dell’immigrazione clandestina la competenza delle Direzioni distrettuali antimafia e la disciplina delle intercettazioni preventive. Di fatto togliendo alle Procure ordinarie la possibilità ad indagare.

    Tre milioni di euro vengono stanziati per l’impiego di poliziotti stranieri in operazioni sotto copertura contro le organizzazioni di trafficanti di uomini.

    Un altro pacchetto di norme inasprisce le sanzioni per chi devasta o danneggia nel corso di riunioni in luoghi pubblici e al contempo trasforma da sanzioni in delitti, con il conseguente inasprimento delle pene, le azioni di chi si oppone a pubblici ufficiali con qualsiasi mezzo di resistenza attiva o passiva, dagli scudi alle mazze e ai bastoni. Modifiche al codice penale aggravano il reato e dunque le sanzioni per violenza, minaccia e resistenza a pubblico ufficiale soprattutto se commessi durante manifestazioni in luogo pubblico. Soppressa la causa di esclusione della punibilità per particolare tenuità del fatto.

    L’articolo 7 è la norma già annunciata come «#spazzaclan» e prevede l’istituzione di un commissario straordinario con il compito di realizzare un programma di interventi finalizzati ad eliminare l’arretrato delle sentenze di condanna da eseguire nei confronti di imputati liberi. Previste le assunzioni a tempo determinato di durata annuale di 800 unità .

    L’ultimo articolo infine prevede l’impiego di altri 500 militari a Napoli in occasione delle #Universiadi.

    Fonti del M5s hanno commentato: «Salvini copre così il fallimento sui rimpatri». Secondo altre fonti «c’è fortissima preoccupazione che il ministro dell’Interno si spinga sempre più su temi estremisti».

    https://www.repubblica.it/cronaca/2019/05/10/news/ecco_il_decreto_sicurezza-bis_pene_piu_pesanti_per_i_trafficanti_di_uomin
    #decreto_sicurezza #décret #Italie #Salvini #migrations #réfugiés #Méditerranée #amende #sauvetage #mourir_en_mer #ONG #eaux_territoriales #eaux_internationales #frontières #militarisation_des_frontières

    • Message d’@isskein via la mailing-list Migreurop.
      Chronique 9-10 mai 2019 en Méditerranée :

      9 mai Le Mare Jonio (Mediterranea Saving Humains, RescueMed) sauve 29 passagers (1 enfant de 1 an, 3 femmes dont une enceinte) d’un bateau pneumatique endommagé dans les eaux internationales, à 40 miles des côtes libyennes. Ils demandent un port sûr au centre de coordination italien, le ministère de l’Intérieur leur enjoint de contacter les gardes-côtes libyens...

      10 mai Le Mare Ionio accoste à Lampedusa, les 29 rescapés débarquent. 20h45, la « saisie préventive » du MareJonio, réclamée depuis le matin par l’Intérieur, a été notifiée. Le capitaine Pietro Marrone et Luca Casarini, chef de mission du #Mare_Jonio, font l’objet d’une enquête pour facilitation de l’immigration clandestine

      10 mai le navire militaire italien #Cigala_Fulgosi débarque dans le port d’Augusta (Sicile) 36 migrants secourus sur une embarcation à la dérive

      10 mai Au moins 70 personnes disparues dans un naufrage au large des côtes tunisiennes

      Il n’y a aujourd’hui plus aucun navire d’ONG en Méditerranée centrale.

      Sur le #naufrage au large de la #Tunisie, v. plus ici :
      https://seenthis.net/messages/780298

    • Dl sicurezza bis, cosa prevede il decreto che introduce multe da 5.500 euro a chi salva i migranti

      Il Ministero dell’Interno nella serata del 10 maggio 2019 ha messo a punto il “decreto sicurezza bis”, che prevede multe per chi soccorre i migranti, ma non solo.

      Il decreto si compone di 12 articoli.

      Il nucleo centrale prevede l’inasprimento delle misure contro i trafficanti di esseri umani e il potenziamento delle operazioni sotto copertura per contrastare l’immigrazione clandestina.

      Qui abbiamo spiegato cosa prevede il decreto sicurezza bis, punto per punto:
      Multe per chi soccorre i migranti

      L’articolo 1 del decreto sicurezza bis prevede che chi, nello svolgimento di operazioni di soccorso in acque internazionali, non rispetta gli obblighi previsti dalle Convenzioni internazionali – con particolare riferimento alle istruzioni operative delle autorità SAR competenti o di quelle dello Stato di bandiera può incorrere in una “sanzione amministrativa del pagamento di una somma da 3.500 a 5.500 euro per ciascuno degli stranieri trasportati”.

      Nei casi “più gravi o reiterati è disposta la sospensione da 1 a 12 mesi, ovvero la revoca della licenza, autorizzazione o concessione rilasciata dall’autorità amministrativa italiana inerente all’attività svolta e al mezzo di trasporto utilizzato”.
      Modifiche al codice della navigazione

      L’articolo 2 del decreto sicurezza bis prevede alcune modifiche al codice della navigazione, e nello specifico viene attribuito al ministro dell’Interno il potere di “limitare o vietare il transito e la sosta di navi mercantili o unità da diporto o di pesca nel mare territoriale per motivi di ordine e sicurezza pubblica e comunque in caso di violazione” di alcune delle disposizioni della Convenzione di Montego Bay.
      Favoreggiamento dell’immigrazione clandestina

      All’articolo 3 il decreto sicurezza bis vuole contrastare a monte l’organizzazione dei trasporti di migranti irregolari. I reati associstende ai
      Finanziamento da 3 milioni per le forze dell’ordine

      Il decreto sicurezza bis all’articolo 4 prevede lo stanziamento di 3 milioni di euro nel triennio 2019-2021 per il finanziamento degli “oneri conseguenti al concorso di operatori di polizia di Stati con i quali siano stati stipulati appositi accordi” per lo svolgimento di operazioni sotto copertura “anche con riferimento alle attività di contrasto del delitto di favoreggiamento dell’immigrazione clandestina”.
      Universiadi

      Tra le novità del decreto sicurezza bis c’è l’arrivo di 500 militari in più a Napoli in vista delle Universiadi 2019.
      Inasprimento delle sanzioni per i reati di devastazione

      L’articolo 5 del decreto sicurezza bis interviene sul Tulps, il Testo unico delle leggi di pubblica sicurezza, inasprendo le sanzioni conseguenti ai reati di devastazione, saccheggio e danneggiamento, commessi nel corso di riunioni effettuate in luogo pubblico o aperto al pubblico.

      Inoltre, prevede espressamente l’obbligo di comunicazione immediata, non oltre le 24 ore, all’autorità di pubblica sicurezza delle generalità delle persone ospitate in alberghi o in altre strutture ricettive.

      Tutela degli operatori delle forze dell’0rdine

      L’articolo 6 del decreto sicurezza bis prevede maggiori tutele per gli operatori delle forze dell’ordine impiegati in servizio di ordine pubblico, attraverso l’introduzione di nuove fattispecie delittuose. Il decreto inoltre trasforma quelle che attualmente sono contravvenzioni in delitti e prevede inoltre l’inasprimento delle sanzioni.

      Ad esempio, “chiunque nel corso di manifestazioni.. per opporsi a pubblico ufficiale o all’incaricato di pubblico servizio.. utilizza scudi o altri oggetti di protezione passiva ovvero materiali imbrattanti o inquinanti è punito con la reclusione da 1 a 3 anni”.

      Ovvero, “chiunque lancia o utilizza illegittimamente, in modo da creare un concreto pericolo per l’incolumità delle persone o l’integrità delle cose, razzi, bengala, fuochi artificiali, petardi, strumenti per l’emissione di fumo o di gas visibile… ovvero bastoni, mazze, oggetti contundenti è punito con la reclusione da 1 a 4 anni”.
      Commissario straordinario e assunzione di 800 persone

      L’articolo 8 del decreto sicurezza bis prevede l’istituzione di un commissario straordinario e l’assunzione di 800 persone con impegno di spesa per oltre 25 milioni di euro: permetterà di notificare sentenze ai condannati attualmente in libertà e garantire così l’effettività della pena. Inasprite anche le misure per chi aggredisce operatori delle forze dell’ordine.

      Il commissario straordinario, nominato dal Consiglio dei ministri su proposta del ministro dell’Interno, ha il compito di realizzare un programma di interventi finalizzati ad eliminare l’arretrato relativo ai procedimenti di esecuzione delle sentenze di condanna divenute definitive da eseguire nei confronti di imputati liberi.

      https://www.tpi.it/2019/05/10/decreto-sicurezza-bis-cosa-prevede

    • Decreto sicurezza bis, ennesima proposta in contrasto con i principi fondamentali

      Nelle stesse ore in cui apprendevamo dell’ennesima strage avvenuta nel Mare Mediterraneo a causa delle politiche di chiusura ed esternalizzazione dell’Italia e dell’Unione europea, i mass media hanno anticipato i contenuti di un possibile nuovo decreto d’urgenza proposto dal Ministero dell’Interno che dovrebbe andare nuovamente a modificare alcune delle norme sulla disciplina dell’immigrazione in Italia.

      Il testo appare essere l’ennesimo stravolgimento dei fondamentali principi di diritto internazionale e un ulteriore contributo alla politica posta in essere da questo Governo, così come da quello precedente, finalizzata a colpire coloro, specialmente organizzazioni non governative di chiara fama, che non vollero ubbidire alla regolamentazione della salvaguardia del diritto alla vita.

      Tra esse la previsione di nuove sanzioni (ed addirittura la sospensione o la revoca della licenza alla navigazione) a carico di chi a certe condizioni ponga in essere “azioni di soccorso di mezzi adibiti alla navigazione ed utilizzati per il trasporto irregolare di migranti, anche mediante il recupero delle persone”. Ovvero sanzioni per chi, nell’adempimento di un dovere etico, giuridico e sociale, salva vite umane altrimenti destinate alla morte.

      Nonostante i gravi dissidi istituzionali determinati dall’ultimo Governo Conte e dalle politiche dell’attuale Ministro dell’Interno, con l’attuale ipotesi di decreto legge (a cui sono evidenti a tutti la mancanza dei requisiti di necessità ed urgenza), si persegue pervicacemente nella strada intrapresa e, addirittura, si decide di portare la guerra agli esseri umani anche in acque internazionali sbeffeggiando le convenzioni internazionali in materia di ricerca e soccorso in mare.

      Riservandoci una compiuta analisi normativa se e quando (malauguratamente) quel testo dovesse prendere formalmente vita, riteniamo doveroso evidenziare che :

      sino ad oggi la magistratura italiana ha ritenuto che le operazioni di salvataggio in mare da parte di navi private sono state svolte per adempiere a precisi obblighi internazionali e per rispondere ad evidenti condizioni di necessità

      La situazione generatasi in Libia nel corso degli ultimi anni è degenerata ulteriormente nelle ultime settimane impone di intervenire per salvare la vita dei civili e dei migranti presenti nel Paese e di interrompere le politiche di sostegno alla Libia relative alle operazioni della Guardia costiera libica

      Salvare vite in mare è un dovere che risponde a precisi obblighi umanitari e non può e non dovrà mai essere considerato un crimine.

      Prendere posizione contro questo ennesimo attacco al rispetto della vita umana, ai diritti e alle libertà fondamentali è un dovere a cui non è più possibile sottrarsi.

      https://www.asgi.it/primo-piano/decreto-sicurezza-bis-ennesima-proposta-in-contrasto-con-i-principi-fondamental

    • Il teorema #Zuccaro sulle ong è fallito

      Il giudice per le indagini preliminari (gip) di Catania, #Nunzio_Sarpietro, ha accolto la richiesta di archiviazione della procura di Catania per l’inchiesta a carico del comandante della nave umanitaria Open Arms Marc Reig e della capomissione Anabel Montes Mier, accusati di associazione a delinquere finalizzata al favoreggiamento dell’immigrazione clandestina in seguito al salvataggio di più di duecento persone, il 15 marzo 2018, al largo della Libia. Durante l’operazione la nave umanitaria si era trovata a dover affrontare momenti di tensione con una motovedetta libica, che rivendicava il coordinamento delle operazioni.

      In quell’occasione gli spagnoli si erano rifiutati di consegnare ai guardacoste libici i migranti appena soccorsi e per questo, dopo essere approdati nel porto di Pozzallo, erano stati accusati di diversi reati e la loro nave era stata sequestrata. Con l’archiviazione di questa inchiesta, cade uno degli ultimi pilastri del cosiddetto “teorema Zuccaro”, la tesi sostenuta dal procuratore di Catania Carmelo Zuccaro secondo cui ci sarebbero stati dei contatti tra le navi delle ong e i trafficanti di esseri umani. Resta aperta, invece, l’inchiesta della procura di Ragusa contro Reig e Montes Mier accusati di favoreggiamento dell’immigrazione clandestina e violenza privata per lo stesso caso. Rimane aperta anche l’inchiesta della procura di Trapani contro la nave Iuventa dell’ong Jugend Rettet, sequestrata nell’agosto del 2017. Il gip dovrebbe decidere l’eventuale rinvio a giudizio nelle prossime settimane.

      “Siamo felici di apprendere che un ulteriore passo verso la verità è stato fatto”, ha commentato l’organizzazione spagnola Proactiva Open Arms in un comunicato. “Ribadiamo di aver sempre operato nel rispetto delle convenzioni internazionali e del diritto del mare e che continueremo a farlo mossi da un unico obiettivo: difendere la vita e i diritti delle persone più vulnerabili”. L’avvocata Rosa Emanuela Lo Faro chiarisce di non aver ancora preso visione delle motivazioni che hanno spinto la stessa procura di Catania a chiedere l’archiviazione. “Dal 3 maggio 2019 sapevamo però che il gip aveva archiviato questa indagine”, conferma Lo Faro.

      Già nel marzo del 2018 lo stesso gip Sarpietro aveva confermato il sequestro della nave, ma aveva escluso il reato di associazione a delinquere contro il capitano Marc Reig e la coordinatrice dei soccorsi Anabel Montes Mier, lasciando in piedi invece l’accusa di favoreggiamento dell’immigrazione clandestina. Questo elemento aveva fatto decadere la competenza territoriale del tribunale di Catania che ha una specifica autorità per i reati associativi e aveva fatto intervenire il tribunale di Ragusa, che deve ancora esprimersi in merito all’inchiesta per favoreggiamento dell’immigrazione clandestina e violenza privata.

      In questo caso giudiziario è stata particolarmente importate la decisione del gip di Ragusa nell’aprile del 2018 di dissequestrare la nave, ferma nel porto di Pozzallo per un mese dopo il salvataggio. Nel decreto di dissequestro infatti il gip di Ragusa Giovanni Giampiccolo aveva riconosciuto lo stato di necessità nel quale era avvenuto il salvataggio e aveva inoltre stabilito che la Libia non è un posto sicuro in cui portare le persone soccorse in mare. Il giudice Giampiccolo ha riconosciuto che la Libia è “un luogo in cui avvengono gravi violazioni dei diritti umani (con persone trattenute in strutture di detenzione in condizioni di sovraffollamento, senza accesso a cure mediche e a un’adeguata alimentazione, e sottoposte a maltrattamenti e stupri e lavori forzati)”.

      “Quella decisione ha fatto scuola”, sottolinea l’avvocata Lo Faro. Da quel momento infatti non sono stati più disposti sequestri preventivi, ma solo sequestri probatori.

      Le indagini della procura di Catania
      Una figura centrale in questa vicenda è stato il procuratore generale di Catania Carmelo Zuccaro, alla guida della procura della città siciliana dal 2016. Dopo aver annunciato l’apertura di un fascicolo d’indagine conoscitivo sull’attività di queste organizzazioni, nella primavera del 2017 aveva rilasciato numerose interviste ai mezzi d’informazione italiani e stranieri. Il 22 marzo 2017 il pm era anche intervenuto in un’audizione al comitato parlamentare di controllo sull’attuazione dell’accordo di Schengen dichiarando di aver aperto delle indagini sui profitti delle ong e affermando di ritenere sospetto il “proliferare così intenso di queste unità navali”.

      “Noi riteniamo ci si debba porre il problema di capire da dove provenga il denaro che alimenta, che finanzia questi costi elevati. Da questo punto di vista, la successiva fase della nostra indagine conoscitiva sarà quella di capire quali siano i canali di finanziamento”. In quell’occasione aggiungeva di trovare “anomalo” che le navi non approdassero nel porto più vicino, bensì nei porti italiani, e sosteneva che ci fosse un rapporto tra la presenza delle navi umanitarie e l’aumento del numero dei morti. L’altra questione che il procuratore sollevava era quella della necessità della presenza a bordo delle navi di poliziotti e autorità giudiziarie impegnate nel contrasto al traffico di esseri umani. Questo è stato un tema caro ai magistrati, perché il materiale raccolto dalla polizia giudiziaria nel periodo della missione umanitaria Mare nostrum aveva aiutato le procure a condurre diverse indagini contro i trafficanti.

      La stessa preoccupazione ha ispirato anche uno dei punti del codice di condotta voluto dal ministro dell’interno Marco Minniti. Dal 2013 la procura di Catania si era trasformata nell’epicentro delle indagini sul traffico di esseri umani nel Mediterraneo, grazie proprio alla missione Mare nostrum. Prima i barconi con i migranti si spingevano sotto costa e arrivavano a Lampedusa, l’isola italiana più vicina alla Tunisia, oppure sulla parte occidentale della Sicilia, nella provincia di Trapani, che in linea d’aria è più raggiungibile dalle spiagge nordafricane. Ma in quello stesso periodo la marina militare e la guardia costiera italiana avevano cominciato a effettuare soccorsi in alto mare, nel canale di Sicilia, e poi nelle acque internazionali davanti alle coste libiche, quindi diversi porti siciliani, soprattutto quelli orientali come Catania, erano stati coinvolti negli sbarchi.

      Anche per questo Zuccaro si diceva preoccupato del grado di collaborazione tra le ong e la polizia giudiziaria: “Vogliamo cercare di capire se da parte di queste ong vi è comunque quella doverosa collaborazione che si deve prestare alle autorità di polizia e alle autorità giudiziarie al momento in cui si pongono in contatto con l’autorità giudiziaria italiana”. In questa prima audizione per il procuratore di Catania risultano sospetti soprattutto i finanziamenti che le ong ricevono, mentre in diverse interviste successive si concentra sui presunti contatti tra i trafficanti e le navi.

      Circa un mese dopo, durante la trasmissione Agorà su Rai 3, il pm si spinge oltre, affermando che l’obiettivo delle navi umanitarie potrebbe essere quello di destabilizzare l’economia: “A mio avviso alcune ong potrebbero essere finanziate dai trafficanti, sono a conoscenza di contatti. Forse la cosa potrebbe essere ancora più inquietante. Si perseguono da parte di alcune ong finalità diverse: destabilizzare l’economia italiana per trarne dei vantaggi”.

      Accuse a cui il governo, tramite i ministri dell’interno Marco Minniti e quello della giustizia Andrea Orlando, reagiva con fermezza, chiedendo le prove. Zuccaro rispondeva di “avere denunciato un fenomeno e non singole persone”, perché se “si aspetta troppo tempo si rischia di produrre elementi deleteri non più controllabili”. Parlava di “deroga” al riserbo, ma anche di “un dovere per chi deve fare rispettare la legalità”. In un’intervista con la Repubblica del 28 aprile 2017, il procuratore afferma però una cosa nuova: finalmente ha “la certezza” dei contatti tra le ong e i trafficanti, ma si tratta di materiale non utilizzabile in sede giudiziaria. Si parla di tabulati telefonici e conversazioni nelle mani dell’intelligence. Zuccaro si dice certo di un rapporto di complicità tra le ong e gli scafisti.

      Per due mesi nella primavera del 2017 il procuratore è molto presente sui mezzi d’informazione nazionali e internazionali con dichiarazioni di questo tenore, in tanti lo accusano di violare il segreto istruttorio e di produrre affermazioni che hanno un valore più politico che giudiziario. Mentre Zuccaro concede le sue interviste è aperta un’indagine conoscitiva sulle ong della Commissione difesa del senato, guidata dal senatore Nicola La Torre. Interpellato dalla commissione parlamentare, il generale Stefano Screpanti, capo del III Reparto operazioni del comando generale della guardia di finanza, smentisce le affermazioni del procuratore capo di Catania: “Allo stato attuale delle nostre conoscenze, non ci sono evidenze investigative tali da far emergere collegamenti tra ong e organizzazioni che gestiscono il traffico di migranti”.

      Dopo due anni d’indagini, il 13 agosto 2018 l’inchiesta “madre” di Zuccaro (che intanto aveva ipotizzato anche il reato di associazione a delinquere) è avviata all’archiviazione, nel caso Open Arms viene archiviata l’accusa di “associazione a delinquere”, ma ormai la campagna di discredito ai danni delle ong ha fatto il suo corso e le dichiarazioni del pm hanno influenzato in maniera irreversibile l’opinione pubblica italiana, che considera “accertati” i contatti tra ong e scafisti, in barba a qualsiasi garantismo.

      https://www.internazionale.it/bloc-notes/annalisa-camilli/2019/05/15/amp/open-arms-zuccaro-ong?__twitter_impression=true

    • Des migrants débarqués à Lampedusa, Salvini furieux

      Quarante-sept migrants ont été débarqués dimanche soir à Lampedusa, une île au sud de la Sicile, après la saisie sur ordre de justice de leur bateau de sauvetage, provoquant la colère du ministre italien de l’Intérieur Matteo Salvini.

      Le navire affrété par l’ONG allemande Sea-Watch battant pavillon néerlandais, qui stationnait dans les eaux italiennes tout près de l’île de #Lampedusa, a été saisi dans la journée par la police financière italienne sur ordre d’un procureur de Sicile.

      Puis, les migrants à bord ont été transférés par moto-vedettes vers la terre ferme en fin de soirée. Une décision que M. Salvini —également vice-Premier ministre et chef de la Ligue (extrême-droite)— a semblé découvrir en temps réel à la télévision, l’amenant à demander qui au gouvernement avait pu prendre une telle décision contre son avis formel.

      Déjà à couteaux tirés avec lui, son partenaire gouvernemental du Mouvement 5 étoiles, Luigi Di Maio, a rétorqué qu’il n’acceptait pas ses insinuations, rappelant qu’il était obligatoire de faire débarquer les passagers d’un bateau saisi par la justice.

      Parallèlement à ce nouveau couac gouvernemental en pleine campagne pour les élections européennes, des échauffourées ont eu lieu dimanche soir à Florence (centre) entre forces de l’ordre et 2.000 personnes venues protester contre la présence de M. Salvini qui tenait un meeting politique dans la ville.

      Dimanche, le chef de Ligue avait jugé risibles les critiques du Haut-Commissariat aux droits de l’Homme (HCDH) de l’ONU contre un projet visant à durcir la législation anti-migratoire en Italie.

      L’ONU, « un organisme international qui coûte des milliards d’euros aux contribuables, qui a comme membres la Corée du Nord et la Turquie, et qui vient faire la morale sur les droits de l’Homme à l’Italie ? (...) Cela prête à rire », a commenté M. Salvini.

      Un projet de décret-loi, qui pourrait être soumis lundi au conseil des ministres, propose de donner au ministre de l’Intérieur le pouvoir d’interdire les eaux territoriales italiennes à un navire pour des raisons d’ordre public.

      Le texte prévoit aussi une amende de 3.500 à 5.500 euros par migrant arrivé en Italie pour tout navire de secours n’ayant pas respecté les consignes des garde-côtes compétents dans la zone où il serait intervenu.

      Dans sa lettre envoyée au ministère italien des Affaires étrangères, le HCDH demande à l’Italie de ne pas approuver ce nouveau décret-loi.

      https://www.courrierinternational.com/depeche/des-migrants-debarques-lampedusa-salvini-furieux.afp.com.2019

    • Sea Watch, sbarcati i migranti. Salvini accusa i M5s: «Chi ha dato l’ordine?». Di Maio: «Non dia la colpa a noi»

      Sequestrata la nave Ong. Il ministero dell’Interno: i migranti non scenderanno. Ma il pm ordina che vengano portati sull’isola. E scoppia lo scontro tra i partner di governo. I primi a scendere una donna incinta e suo marito.
      La prima è una donna incinta, sorretta dal marito. A piedi nudi. Poi via via, tutti gli altri. Sorrisi, abbracci e saluti. Sono scesi tutti. Nonostante Salvini. “Fino a quando sono ministro io quella nave in un porto italiano non entra e non sbarca nessuno”, aveva garantito il ministro dell’Interno quando la Sea Watch 3 aveva ignorato la sua diffida e si era presentata davanti al porto di Lampedusa ottenendo l’autorizzazione all’ancoraggio alla fonda.

      Ventiquattro ore dopo, i 47 migranti rimasti a bordo della nave della Ong tedesca sono scesi a terra. Sequestro della nave d’iniziativa della Guardia di finanza, perquisizione e contestuale sbarco di tutti i migranti. Lo stesso “modello” già seguito per due volte per sbloccare i precedenti soccorsi della Mare Jonio, rimasta sequestrata per alcuni giorni e poi sempre liberata dai pm di Agrigento. Che questa volta si sono mossi di concerto con la Guardia di finanza forzando la mano ad un inferocito Salvini, incredulo di essere smentito proprio alla vigilia di quel consiglio dei ministri in cui intende portare all’approvazione il suo contestatissimo decreto sicurezza-bis.

      Un braccio di ferro senza precedenti quello tra la Procura di Agrigento e la Guardia di finanza da una parte e il Viminale dall’altro, conclusosi alle otto di sera quando due motovedette, dopo aver notificato al comandante della Sea Watch i decreti di sequestro e perquisizione firmati dal procuratore aggiunto Salvatore Vella che per tutto il weekend ha seguito personalmente sull’isola l’evolversi della vicenda, hanno scortato in porto la nave umanitaria.

      L’accelerazione nel primo pomeriggio quando il comandante Arturo Centore fa sapere alla Guardia costiera che la situazione a bordo è di assoluta emergenza. Alcuni migranti hanno indossato il giubbotto di salvataggio e minacciano di buttarsi a mare. “Se entro le nove di sera la situazione non si sblocca, levo l’ancora ed entro direttamente in porto”, annuncia il comandante della Sea Watch.

      A quel punto Guardia di finanza, guardia costiera e Procura decidono di notificare i sequestri e far sbarcare tutti. Anche contro il volere del Viminale.

      Salvini, che già poche ore prima, in un comizio a Sassuolo aveva attaccato a testa bassa “una procura e un giudice che invece di indagare gli scafisti indaga me”, incassa malissimo il colpo e ancor prima che la Sea Watch attracchi al molo di Lampedusa mette le mani avanti e sottolinea che lo sbarco avviene contro la sua volontà. “La magistratura faccia come crede ma il Viminale continua e continuerà a negare lo sbarco da quella nave fuorilegge. Il ministro dell’Interno si aspetta provvedimenti nei confronti del comandante della nave dal quale è lecito attendersi indicazioni precise sui presunti scafisti presenti a bordo”.

      Alle otto di sera, quando i 47 migranti toccano terra e vengono portati nell’hotspot di contrada Imbriacola, una nota firmata dal procuratore di Agrigento Luigi Patronaggio (il pm del caso Diciotti che per primo ha contestato a Salvini il sequestro di persona) spiega la “ratio” della scelta degli inquirenti: “Il sequestro probatorio è stato eseguito per violazione dell’articolo 12 del Testo unico sull’immigrazione ponendo la nave a disposizione di questa procura che ne ha disposto, previo sbarco dei migranti, il trasferimento sotto scorta nel porto di Licata. Le indagini proseguiranno sia per l’individuazione degli eventuali trafficanti di esseri umani coinvolti sia per la valutazione della condotta della Ong”. Come sempre. A sbarco avvenuto, quando anche l’ultimo migrante era già sceso a terra, Salvini ricara: «Per me possono stare lì fino a ferragosto. Gli porto da mangiare e da bere ma stanno lì». E al procuratore di Agrigento: «E’ quello che mi ha indagato per sequestro di persona. Se li farà sbarcare, ne prenderò atto e valuteremo nei suoi confronti il favoreggiamento dell’immigrazione clandestina».
      Salvini attacca i 5s: «Chi ha dato l’ordine?»
      Matteo Salvini ha assistito in diretta tv allo sbarco dei migranti dalla nave Sea Watch 3, ospite in studio su La7. «Qualcuno l’ordine lo avrà dato. Questo qualcuno ne dovrà rispondere», si irrita il ministro. Il M5s fa sapere a stretto giro che non sono stati i suoi ministri. Ma Salvini insiste: «Chi è che li ha autorizzati a
      sbarcare? Io no, non ho autorizzato niente, deve essere qualcun altro. Io sorrido ma è grave. Perché siamo un Paese sovrano con leggi, regole, una storia e nessuna associazione privata se ne può disinteressare. Qualcuno quell’ordine lo avrà dato. Questo qualcuno ne deve rispondere».

      Il vicepremier Luigi Di Maio prende le distanze parlando A che tempo che fa: «Il sequestro lo esegue la magistratura quindi non credo sia un espediente» per far sbarcare i migranti a bordo «perché la magistratura è indipendente dal governo. Quando arrivano qui contattiamo i Paesi Ue e chiediamo la redistribuzione. Io credo che la politica delle redistribuzioni è l’unica strada che abbiamo per fronteggiare il fenomeno. Poi c’è il tema dei rimpatri che si devono fare. La Chiesa Valdese stamattina ha lanciato una disponibilità, lavoriamo nel senso della redistribuzione» e «non scontriamoci con la magistratura, tutte queste tensioni non fanno bene al Paese».

      E dopo le accusa di Salvini replica: «Non accetto che il ministro dell’Interno dice che se stanno sbarcando dalla Sea Watch è perché i ministri 5 Stelle hanno aperto i porti. La nave è stata sequestrata dalla magistratura e, quando c’è un sequestro, si fanno sbarcare obbligatoriamente le persone a bordo».

      Duro anche il ministro Danilo Toninelli: «Salvini, se ha qualcosa da dirmi, me la dica in faccia. Non parli a sproposito del sottoscritto in tv. È evidente che l’epilogo della vicenda è legato al sequestro della nave da parte della magistratura, non serve un esperto per capirlo. Magari il ministro dell’Interno si informi prima di parlare. E trovi soluzioni vere sui rimpatri, non ancora avviati da quando è il responsabile della sicurezza nazionale».
      Lo sbarco per Salvini è una sconfitta politica
      Comunque la si guardi, la conclusione del braccio di ferro per Salvini è una sonora sconfitta che il ministro dell’Interno cerca di capitalizzare puntando tutte le sue carte su quel decreto sicurezza-bis che l’Onu chiede di ritirare ritenendolo una “violazione dei diritti umani e delle convenzioni internazionali”.

      Dopo aver irriso la lettera dell’alto Commissariato dell’Onu invitandolo ad occuparsi “dell’emergenza umanitaria in Venezuela anziché fare campagna elettorale in Italia”, Salvini ribadisce: "Resta un tema fondamentale: la difesa dei confini nazionali e l’ingresso in Italia di un gruppo di sconosciuti dev’essere una decisione della politica (espressione della volontà popolare) o di magistrati e Ong straniere? La vicenda Sea Watch 3 conferma una volta di più l’urgenza di approvare il decreto sicurezza bis già nel Consiglio dei ministri di domani per rafforzare gli strumenti del governo per combattere i trafficanti di uomini e chi fa affari con loro”.

      I 47 migranti sbarcati aspettano adesso di conoscere il loro destino. Le chiese evangeliche hanno dato la loro piena disponibilità ad accoglierli tutti nelle loro comunità in Italia ma anche all’estero.

      https://www.repubblica.it/cronaca/2019/05/19/news/via_libera_per_la_sea_watch_puo_attraccare_a_lampedusa-226674239

    • Italy: UN experts condemn bill to fine migrant rescuers

      UN human rights experts* have condemned a proposed draft decree by Italy’s interior minister, Matteo Salvini, to fine those who rescue migrants and refugees at sea, and urged the Government to halt its approval.

      “The right to life and the principle of non-refoulement should always prevail over national legislation or other measures purportedly adopted in the name of national security,” said the independent experts, who conveyed their concerns about the decree in a formal letter to the Italian Government.

      “We urge authorities to stop endangering the lives of migrants, including asylum seekers and victims of trafficking in persons, by invoking the fight against traffickers. This approach is misleading and is not in line with both general international law and international human rights law. Instead, restrictive migration policies contribute to exacerbating migrants’ vulnerabilities and only serve to increase trafficking in persons.”

      Earlier this month, Mr. Salvini announced a proposal to issue a decree that would fine vessels for every person rescued at sea and taken to Italian territory. NGO and other boats that rescued migrants could also have their licences revoked or suspended.

      The UN experts said that, should the decree – yet to be approved by the government – enter into force, it would seriously undermine the human rights of migrants, including asylum seekers, as well as victims of torture, of trafficking in persons and of other serious human rights abuses.

      They also asked for the withdrawal of two previous Directives banning NGO vessels rescuing migrants off Libya’s coasts from accessing Italian ports. In particular, the second Directive singled out the Italian ship Mare Jonio for helping those at sea.

      Declaring that Libyan ports were “able to provide migrants with adequate logistical and medical assistance” was particularly alarming, the experts said, especially given reports that Libyan coastguards had committed multiple human rights violations, including collusion with traffickers’ networks and deliberately sinking boats.

      The experts said any measure against humanitarian actors should be halted. “We are deeply concerned about the accusations brought against the Mare Jonio vessel, which have not been confirmed by any competent judicial authority. We believe that this represents yet another political attempt to criminalise humanitarian actors delivering life-saving services that are indispensable to protect humans’ lives and dignity.”

      The UN experts said Italian authorities had failed to properly consider several international norms, such as article 98 of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, on the duty to help any person in danger at sea. “Article 98 is considered customary law. It applies to all maritime zones and to all persons in distress, without discrimination, as well as to all ships, including private and NGO vessels under a State flag,” they said.

      The Directives stigmatize migrants as “possible terrorists, traffickers and smugglers”, without providing evidence, the experts said. “We are concerned that this type of rhetoric will further increase the climate of hatred and xenophobia, as previously highlighted in another letter to which the Italian Government is also yet to reply.”

      The experts have contacted the Government about their concerns and await a reply. A copy of the letter has also been shared with Libya and the European Union.

      https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=24628&LangID=E

    • Des ONG accusent la marine italienne de ne pas avoir porté assistance à des migrants en détresse

      L’ONG allemande Sea-Watch et le collectif Mediterranea accusent un navire de la marine italienne d’être resté à distance d’une embarcation de migrants en détresse au large des côtes libyennes, alors qu’il ne se trouvait qu’à plusieurs dizaines de kilomètres. Les 80 personnes en difficulté ont finalement été interceptées par les garde-côtes libyens et renvoyées en Libye.

      « Le navire P492 Bettica de la marine italienne est à proximité d’un canot pneumatique en détresse avec environ 80 personnes à son bord mais il n’intervient pas ». Ce message a été posté sur Twitter jeudi 23 mai en début d’après-midi par l’ONG Sea-Watch qui alerte sur la présence d’une embarcation dans les eaux internationales, au large de la Libye. C’est son avion de secours, le Moonbird, qui a repéré le canot en difficulté. « Notre avion a envoyé un message de détresse et a confirmé que des personnes sont accrochées à l’embarcation qui est en train de se dégonfler », continue l’ONG allemande.
      https://twitter.com/SeaWatchItaly/status/1131652854006067200?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E11

      Un peu plus tôt, Alarm Phone, la plateforme téléphonique qui vient en aide aux migrants en mer, avait donné l’alerte sur les réseaux sociaux. « Depuis 12h40, nous sommes en contact avec un bateau en détresse en Méditerranée centrale […]. L’eau entre dans le bateau. Nous avons transmis leur position au MRCC de Rome. Nous demandons une opération de sauvetage rapide ».

      Selon les ONG, la marine italienne n’est pas loin de l’embarcation. Elle ne serait pas intervenue.

      Un tweet de la marine italienne confirme, en effet, sa présence dans la zone, à 80 km du canot en difficulté. « Nous envoyons notre propre hélicoptère pour soutenir le Colibri [également sur zone, ndlr] », écrit la marine italienne sur le réseau social. « Avec un hélicoptère de la région, nous avons vérifié que les migrants ont été récupérés par un bateau de la patrouille libyenne ».

      « Le gouvernement sera responsable de ses actes »

      Seulement voilà, les ONG accusent ainsi les Italiens d’être « restés à distance » sciemment, pour laisser « le champ libre » aux garde-côtes libyens. « Encore un refoulement par procuration en Méditerranée centrale » a réagi Alarm Phone. « L’UE continue de violer le droit international, d’ignorer les bateaux en détresse et de repousser les gens en zone de guerre ».

      https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1131612656341852161?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E11

      Des accusations qui inquiètent plusieurs personnalités politiques en Italie. « Si c’est vrai, ce serait très grave car il est absolument impensable que des hommes, des femmes et des enfants soient renvoyés dans cet enfer qu’est la Libye », a déclaré le sénateur du mouvement 5 étoiles (M5S) Gregorio De Falco, également officier de la marine.

      Même son de cloche chez Massimiliano Smeriglio, candidat du Parti démocrate aux élections européennes. « Nous ne pouvons pas croire qu’’un navire de notre marine, qui a accompli tant de missions de secours international, peut apporter son aide sans intervenir dans une tragédie. Intervenez sans délai sans quoi le gouvernement sera responsable de ses actes », a-t-il insisté.
      Début mai, un navire militaire italien avait subi les foudres du ministre de l’Intérieur après avoir secouru des migrants en mer sans avoir attendu les garde-côtes. Matteo Salvini refuse systématiquement le débarquement des migrants sur le sol italien.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/17114/des-ong-accusent-la-marine-italienne-de-ne-pas-avoir-porte-assistance-

    • Dl sicurezza bis, I pescatori continueranno a salvare i migranti

      Michele e Salvatore Casciaro, padre e figlio, sono pescatori di Novaglie, Salento. Salvatore assiste alla tragedia dei migranti nel canale d’Otranto sin dal grande esodo degli albanesi negli anni Novanta. E da allora partecipa con la propria imbarcazione alle operazioni di soccorso e salvataggio dei naufraghi. Oggi i flussi principali provengono dal nord africa. Nell’ultimo salvataggio ha salvato con il figlio Michele una somala che altrimenti sarebbe annegata. Ma con il decreto sicurezza bis, continueranno a salvare i naufraghi o si volteranno dall’altra parte? (M. Tota)

      http://www.la7.it/tagada/video/dl-sicurezza-bis-i-pescatori-continueranno-a-salvare-i-migranti-21-05-2019-27242
      #pêcheurs

    • Il cambio di rotta di un Paese che perde l’onore
      Finora la Marina militare aveva sempre risposto alle chiamate di

      naufraghi in difficoltà.

      OGGI le cose in Italia non sono facili e quindi è proprio oggi che dobbiamo amare il nostro Paese, rispettarlo, dobbiamo dialogare, confrontarci, litigare sapendo che il suolo che calpestiamo ci restituirà solo ciò che avremo seminato e curato. Ogni parola è un seme, ogni ragionamento è un seme e noi italiani restiamo quello che siamo sempre stati: persone fatte di terra e mare. Conosciamo il mare, gabbia e occasione, limite e infinito, siamo uomini e donne di mare. Ecco perché, quando già l’Europa trattava l’immigrazione come un problema, l’Italia continuava a salvare vite in mare. E le salvava perché un uomo, una donna, un bambino che dall’Africa prendono il mare per venire in Italia, se in pericolo, non sono migranti, ma naufraghi. È la legge eterna del mare: ogni naufrago va tratto in salvo. Sempre.

      Qualcuno mi dira’, non possiamo salvarli tutti noi. Se nessun altro li salva, vi rispondo, allora li salveremo noi! Esistono le Zone Sar (Search and Rescue, ovvero “ricerca e salvataggio”) di competenza dei diversi paesi, perché dovremmo farci carico di recuperare i naufraghi anche laddove non sarebbe di nostra competenza? Perché per prima cosa dobbiamo rispettare la vita umana, è una regola universale alla quale se ci sottraiamo iniziamo a modificarci. Lasciare che una persona anneghi significa perdere qualsiasi cosa abbiamo raggiunto. Empatia, leggi, diritti, morale, convivenza. Perdiamo tutto. Non è sentimentalismo, è misura di ciò che sta accadendo. Non possiamo sottrarci dal salvare le persone in mare perché ogni vita perduta, quando poteva essere salvata, è sofferenza che si moltiplica, è odio. E l’odio diventa rancore, e il rancore vendetta.

      Ma non possiamo accoglierli tutti, mi direte. Manca il lavoro per noi, come possiamo farci carico di centinaia di migliaia di persone in cerca di un futuro migliore? Ma noi non dobbiamo accoglierli tutti: noi dobbiamo salvarli tutti, è nostro dovere farlo. Non facciamoci fregare dalla propaganda: salvare e accogliere sono due cose diverse, due momenti diversi che possono e devono essere gestiti in maniera diversa. Il salvataggio risponde a una necessità immediata, non c’è tempo per la strategia. L’accoglienza viene dopo e su quella si può discutere e cambiare passo, ma senza mettere in dubbio la necessità di salvare. Anzi, direi, senza mettere in discussione il diritto che noi italiani abbiamo, il privilegio che viviamo nel salvare vite umane. Salvare vite è come donare vita, come è accaduto che lo abbiamo dimenticato? Qualcuno oggi pensa di poter girare la faccia davanti a queste storie, pensa che tutto sommato la quotidianità sia già così difficile che non serve complicarsi la vita con questo strazio; non invidio queste persone perché per loro il risveglio sarà ancora più duro. E non le invidio perché non sanno quanto l’Italia abbia fatto la differenza, perché non sanno che l’Italia non ha mai girato le spalle a chi, in pericolo, chiedeva aiuto.

      Mi sono sentito orgoglioso di essere italiano quando ho visto il lavoro titanico che la Marina militare italiana ha sempre fatto, prima da sola, poi con l’Europa ma da capofila, poi insieme alle Ong, poi di nuovo da sola. Sono orgoglioso dei pescatori italiani che, nonostante andassero incontro a sanzioni gravose e al sequestro delle loro imbarcazioni che sono per loro sopravvivenza stessa, hanno sempre obbedito alla legge del mare, quella legge che impone di prestare soccorso a chiunque si trovi in pericolo tra le onde, a qualunque costo e senza pensare alle conseguenze. “Noi gente in mare non l’abbiamo lassata mai!”: questo era il principio dei pescatori lampedusani e a questo principio non si sono sottratti; se l’avessero fatto, avrebbero negato ogni singola parte della loro vita.

      Ma le cose sono cambiate ora, dirà qualcuno tra voi. Oggi la Marina sta agendo diversamente, direte. Sappiamo che il 23 maggio scorso, e lo sappiamo dagli unici testimoni rimasti nel Mediterraneo a darci queste informazioni, ovvero le Ong, un uomo è morto durante un’operazione di salvataggio, anzi, prima ancora che l’operazione iniziasse. Nel video girato da un velivolo della Sea-Watch si vede un gommone in avaria che sta imbarcando velocemente acqua. La Sea-Watch contatta prima la Guardia costiera libica che non risponde e poi la nave della Marina militare italiana Bettica, che si trova a meno di trenta miglia dal gommone.

      Improvvisamente e per quasi un’ora le comunicazioni tra la Marina militare italiana e la Sea-Watch si interrompono, quando riprendono la Bettica avverte che la Guardia costiera libica si sta recando sul posto. È prassi che la Guardia costiera libica non risponda alle richieste di soccorso. È prassi che i salvataggi siano fatti all’unico scopo di riportare i migranti nei campi di prigionia libici dove ricomincia il loro calvario, dove vengono torturati e dove viene estorto loro denaro: ogni migrante preso dalla Guardia costiera libica è guadagno doppio per i trafficanti (che, detto per inciso, non sono le Ong ma la guardia costiera libica finanziata dall’Italia e dall’Europa) che li lasceranno tornare nel loro paese solo in cambio di denaro.

      È ormai appurato che la Libia non è un porto sicuro. E allora perché la nave della Marina militare italiana Bettica non è intervenuta? Perché si infanga l’onore (che bella parola quando porta con sé il rispetto per la vita umana) dei militari della Marina che hanno sempre, secondo coscienza, risposto prima ancora che alle convenzioni internazionali, che pure stabiliscono il dovere di salvare vite, alla superiore e universale legge del mare? Oggi possiamo dividerci su tutto, ma non sulla necessità e sul dovere di salvare vite. Quando un uomo, una donna o un bambino sono in pericolo in mare, noi abbiamo il dovere di salvarli e se l’alternativa è la Libia, dobbiamo essere consapevoli che li stiamo condannando all’inferno. Per sfuggire a questo ragionamento, la propaganda inventa scorciatoie ridicole ma funzionanti: parole da buonista, parli bene dall’attico a Manhattan; si bersaglia chi racconta, non il racconto, perché quello è oggettivo e non può essere messo in discussione. Ma quell’uomo che annega è vita reale, non la finzione spacciata per realtà sui social.

      Facile dire la solita balla buonista parli tu dall’attico a Manhattan… no, parlo da meridionale, nato e cresciuto nelle terre più martoriate d’Italia, più saccheggiate, terre dimenticate da Dio e dagli uomini, ma non dai politici avvoltoi e sciacalli. Quelli, di noi meridionali, non si dimenticano mai. Promettono acqua agli assetati e intanto condannano le nostre anime per l’eternità. Parlo da uomo che non può accettare che il confine tra la vita e la morte sia una linea convenzionale e invisibile tracciata nel mare. Ciò che resta, alla fine di tutto, è l’onore. L’onore riscattato dal significato abusivo che ne danno le mafie per indicare nell’uomo d’onore l’affiliato. Onore inteso come rispetto dei nostri principi umani più profondi al di là delle conseguenze, nonostante le conseguenze.

      Onore è ciò che permette ancora di guardarci l’un l’altro e di sapere che io mi posso fidare di te perché tu ti puoi fidare di me, qualunque sia la tua condizione sociale, qualunque sia il luogo da cui provieni, il tuo quartiere, la tua religione e il colore della tua pelle, la tua condizione sociale, il tuo lavoro, il tuo conto in banca, la scuola che frequenta tuo figlio, il lavoro che fai. È facile: se mentre tu soffri e muori io giro lo sguardo dall’altra parte, se io soffrirò e rischierò di morire mi ripagherai con la stessa moneta. Salvare per essere salvati. Salvare per salvarsi: nel nostro mare, se smettiamo di salvare, finiremo annegati noi.

      https://www.repubblica.it/cronaca/2019/06/01/news/il_cambio_di_rotta_di_un_paese_che_perde_l_onore-227596448

    • Appel au secours d’un capitaine, coincé en mer avec 75 migrants malades

      Le capitaine d’un bateau égyptien ayant recueilli vendredi 75 migrants dans les eaux internationales, a lancé un appel aux autorités tunisiennes pour qu’elles le laissent accoster, alors que les vivres commencent à manquer et que des migrants sont malades.

      Le remorqueur égyptien #Maridive_601, qui dessert des plateformes pétrolières entre la Tunisie et l’Italie, est arrivé vendredi soir au port de Zarzis, dans le sud de la Tunisie, après avoir récupéré dans la matinée les migrants à la dérive.

      « Je demande aux autorités tunisiennes de nous permettre d’urgence d’entrer dans le port de Zarzis », a déclaré à l’AFP le capitaine #Faouz_Samir, ajoutant que « l’état de santé des migrants est mauvais, beaucoup sont atteints de la gale ».

      Un médecin a pu monter à bord, a indiqué la branche locale du Croissant-Rouge. « Quatre personnes sont dans un état qui nécessite une intervention médicale », et la plupart d’entre eux sont atteints de la gale infectieuse", a déclaré à l’AFP Mongi Slim, responsable du Croissant-Rouge dans le sud de la Tunisie.

      Selon l’organisation internationale pour les migrations (OIM), les migrants, 64 Bangladais, 9 Egyptiens, un Marocain et un Soudanais, dont au moins 32 enfants et mineurs non accompagnés, « ont besoin d’urgence d’eau, de nourriture, de vêtements, de couvertures et surtout d’assistance médicale ».

      L’agence de l’ONU a indiqué être prête à aider la Tunisie pour accueillir ces candidats à l’exil, partis de Libye dans l’espoir d’atteindre l’Europe.

      « Nous comprenons les difficultés et l’ampleur des défis que les flux migratoires peuvent poser et nous travaillons à appuyer les capacités de secours et d’assistance », a souligné Lorena Lando, chef de mission de l’OIM en Tunisie.

      « Nous restons toutefois préoccupés par les politiques de plus en plus restrictives adoptées par plusieurs pays du nord de la Méditerranée », ajoute Mme Lando.

      Le gouvernement et les autorités locales tunisiennes, sollicitées par l’AFP, n’ont pas souhaité s’exprimer.

      En août dernier, un autre bateau commercial, le Sarost 5, était resté bloqué plus de deux semaines en mer avec les 40 immigrés clandestins qu’il avait secourus. Soucieuses de ne pas créer un précédent, les autorités tunisiennes avaient souligné qu’elles acceptaient ces migrants exceptionnellement et pour raisons « humanitaires ».

      Le 10 mai, 16 migrants originaires en majorité du Bangladesh avaient été sauvés par des pêcheurs tunisiens, après le naufrage de leur embarcation qui avait fait une soixantaine de morts.

      La majorité des bâtiments de la marine qui ont patrouillé au large de la Libye ces dernières années se sont retirés tandis que les navires humanitaires font face à des blocages judiciaires et administratifs.

      https://www.voaafrique.com/a/appel-au-secours-d-un-capitaine-coinc%C3%A9-en-mer-avec-75-migrants-malades/4943716.html

    • Tugboat carrying 75 migrants stranded off Tunisia for 10 days

      The #Maridive_601, an Egyptian tugboat that rescued 75 migrants in international waters over one week ago, is still stranded off the Tunisian coast as Tunisian authorities refuse to let it dock.

      The Egyptian tugboat Maridive 601 rescued the migrants off the southern Tunisian coast on May 31 after they embarked from Libya.

      Sixty-four of the 75 migrants are Bangladeshi and at least 32 of those on board are minors and unaccompanied children, according to the International Organization for Migration.

      The Maridive 601, which services oil platforms between Tunisia and Italy, picked up the migrants who were drifting in international waters near the Tunisian coast, and headed to the closest port of Zarzis in southern Tunisia.

      “I request that the Tunisian authorities allow us to make an emergency entry to Zarzis port,” appealed Faouz Samir, captain of the Maridive 601 shortly after the rescue.

      Since then, the crew has not received entry permission. An official from the Tunisian interior ministry was quoted as saying Monday that „the migrants want to be taken in by a European country." The official did not want to be quoted by name.

      Cases of infectious scabies

      Earlier last week, a Red Crescent team based in the southern Tunisian city of Zarzis delivered aid and medical care to the migrants, some of whom were ill, according to the Red Crescent.

      They “urgently need water, food, clothes, blankets and above all medical assistance,” the IOM added. According to AFP reports, the IOM added it was ready to help Tunisia provide for the migrants.

      Mongi Slim, a Red Crescent official in southern Tunisia, told InfoMigrant last Thursday that cases of scabies were on the rise and that there were around thirty people affected. The second captain of the Maridive 601 added that the Red Crescent was not allowed to board the ship to provide scabies medication. Instead, the crew had to contact its chartering company, Shell Tunisia, which in turn delivered medication in addition to food, water, mattresses and blankets. “We’re in telephone contact with the Red Crescent and they give us instructions on how to treat the migrants,” the captain informed InfoMigrants.

      Video footage

      Photos published online by the Tunisian Forum for Economic and Social Rights, an NGO, showed migrants lying on the deck of the boat, while sailors attempted to feed them. A video by the same NGO shows migrants shouting: “We don’t need food, we don’t want to stay here, we want to go to Europe.”

      https://www.facebook.com/ftdes/videos/189765251957864

      Tunisia’s central government and local authorities did not wish to comment to media requests.

      “We understand the difficulties and the scale of the challenges that migration flows pose and we are working to support relief and assistance capacities,” said Lorena Lando, the IOM’s head of mission in Tunisia. “But we are worried by the increasingly restrictive policies adopted by several countries,” Lando told AFP.

      Last month, around 60 migrants, most from Bangladesh, drowned off the coast of Tunisia after leaving Libya on a boat bound for Europe.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/17413/tugboat-carrying-75-migrants-stranded-off-tunisia-for-10-days?ref=tw
      #Tunisie
      ping @_kg_

    • Méditerranée : le navire #Sea_Watch_3 de retour dans la zone de détresse

      Après avoir été bloqué par la justice italienne pendant près d’un mois, le navire humanitaire Sea Watch 3 est de retour dans la zone de détresse (SAR zone) au large de la Libye. Il est actuellement le seul bateau de sauvetage en mer.

      Le navire humanitaire de l’ONG allemande Sea Watch, le Sea Watch 3, est de retour dans la zone de sauvetage au large de la Libye, la SAR zone.

      Le Sea Watch 3 était bloqué depuis le 20 mai par la justice italienne dans le cadre de poursuites pour aide à l’immigration illégale. Il a reçu samedi 8 juin l’autorisation de repartir en mer, a annoncé l’association.

      "Le Sea Watch 3 est libre ! Nous avons reçu une notification formelle sur la libération du navire saisi et son retour aux opérations" en mer, s’est félicitée l’organisation humanitaire sur Twitter.

      Malgré la politique de "fermeture des ports" du ministre italien de l’Intérieur Matteo Salvini (extrême droite), le Sea Watch 3 avait pu débarquer les 65 migrants qu’il avait secourus à la mi-mai ; ils ont été autorisés à débarquer sur l’île de Lampedusa.

      Cette opération de secours avait provoqué la fureur de Matteo Salvini, qui a semblé la découvrir en temps réel à la télévision. “Je suis le ministère des règles et des ports fermés. Si un ministre du mouvement 5 étoiles a autorisé le débarquement, il devra répondre de ses actes devant les Italiens”, avait-il notamment lâché.

      Matteo Salvini estime que les migrants qui partent en mer à partir de la Libye doivent être remis aux garde-côtes libyens, conformément à un accord conclu entre l’Union européenne et Tripoli, mais les organisations humanitaires qui portent au secours des migrants refusent de s’y conformer.

      Hormis le Sea Watch 3, à la date du 10 juin, aucun autre navire humanitaire n’est présent au large des côtes libyennes.

      Les navires humanitaires qui sont bloqués dans des ports européens :

      – Depuis un débarquement en juin 2018 à Malte, le Lifeline de l’ONG allemande eponyme est bloqué au port de La Valette, à Malte, où les autorités contestent sa situation administrative.

      – Depuis le mois de janvier 2019, l’Open Arms de l’ONG espagnole Proactiva Open Arms est bloqué à Barcelone par les autorités espagnoles. Au printemps 2018, ce navire avait été placé un mois sous séquestre en Italie avant d’être autorisé à repartir.

      – Début août 2017, la justice italienne a saisi le Juventa de l’ONG allemande Jugend Rettet, accusée de complicité avec les passeurs libyens mais qui clame depuis son innocence.

      –Le Mare Jonio, un navire battant pavillon italien qui entend avant tout témoigner de la situation en mer, est actuellement bloqué en Sicile par les autorités.

      Les ONG qui résistent :

      –Dans les airs, les petits avions Colibri de l’ONG française Pilotes volontaires et Moonbird de Sea-Watch mènent régulièrement des patrouilles pour tenter de repérer les embarcations en difficulté.

      –L’Astral, le voilier de l’ONG Open Arms, est actuellement à Barcelone.

      Les navires humanitaires qui ont renoncé :

      Des ONG engagées au large des côtes libyennes ont suspendu leurs activités, face à la chute des départs de Libye et face à une intensification des menaces des garde-côtes libyens, qui considèrent les ONG comme complices des passeurs.

      – Suite aux pressions politiques, privé de pavillon, l’Aquarius de l’ONG SOS Méditerranée – qui a secouru près de 20 000 personnes en deux ans et demi - a mis fin à ses missions en décembre 2018. L’ONG espère toutefois trouver un nouveau bateau pour repartir rapidement en mer au printemps 2019.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/17410/mediterranee-le-navire-sea-watch-3-de-retour-dans-la-zone-de-detresse

    • Italy to fine NGOs who rescue migrants at sea

      The Italian government has decided to impose stiff fines on rescuers who bring migrants into port without authorization. It also gave the interior ministry, led by Matteo Salvini, power to demand the payment.

      A decree adopted by the Italian government on Tuesday would force non-governmental organizations to pay between €10,000 and €50,000 ($11,327 – $56,638) for transporting rescued migrants to Italian ports.

      Rescuers who repeatedly dock without authorization risk having their vessel permanently impounded. The fines would be payable by the captain, the operator and the owner of the rescue ship.

      The Italian government is composed of the anti-establishment 5-Star Movement and right-wing populist League Party. The League leader Matteo Salvini, who also serves as the interior minister, has been spearheading an effort to clamp down on illegal immigration.

      Delayed decree

      The adoption of the decree has been delayed due to criticism from the United Nations and the office of the Italian president. Following the cabinet session on Tuesday, however, Salvini praised it as a “step forward the security of this country.” The populist leader also said he was “absolutely sure about the fact that it is compliant” with all national and international laws.

      The decree allows police to investigate possible migrant trafficking operations by going undercover. It also makes it easier to eavesdrop electronically on suspected people smugglers. Other sections of the decree impose stricter punishments on rioters and violent football fans.

      Read more: Italian court rules Salvini can be charged with kidnapping

      Additionally, the decree gives Salvini’s ministry the power to order the NGOs to pay the fines, this was previously the area of the transport and infrastructure ministries.

      Salvini has pushed through several anti-migrant decrees since becoming interior minister a year ago, including one in December which ended humanitarian protection for migrants who do not qualify for refugee status. Earlier this week, Salvini blasted three judges who opposed his hardline policies.

      Risking life at sea

      Since 2014, more than 600,000 people have made the dangerous journey across the central Mediterranean to reach Italy, fleeing war and poverty in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. More than 14,000 have been recorded killed or missing when attempting the trip.

      Without a legal way to reach Europe, they pay people smugglers for passage in unseaworthy boats. The UNHCR and IOM recently said that 1,940 people have reached Italy from north Africa since the beginning of 2019, and almost 350 have died en route — putting the death rate for those crossing at more than 15%. The number of new arrivals has dropped off in recent years, but Rome is still faced with hundreds of thousands of people who migrated illegally. Pending asylum claims as of May 31 this year were 135,337.

      With official search-and-rescue missions canceled, the burden of assisting the shipwrecked migrants falls on rescue NGOs. The Italian coastguard estimates NGOs have brought in some 30,000 people per year since 2014.

      https://www.dw.com/en/italy-to-fine-ngos-who-rescue-migrants-at-sea/a-49143481

    • L’UNHCR chiede all’Italia di riconsiderare un decreto che penalizzerebbe i salvataggi in mare nel Mediterraneo centrale

      L’UNHCR, l’Agenzia delle Nazioni Unite per i Rifugiati, esprime preoccupazione per l’approvazione da parte del governo italiano di un nuovo decreto contenente anche diverse disposizioni che potrebbero penalizzare i salvataggi in mare di rifugiati e migranti nel Mediterraneo centrale, compresa l’introduzione di sanzioni finanziarie per le navi delle Ong ed altre navi private impegnate nel soccorso in mare.

      Salvare vite umane costituisce un imperativo umanitario consolidato ed è anche un obbligo derivante dal diritto internazionale. Nessuna nave o nessun comandante dovrebbe essere esposto a sanzioni per aver soccorso imbarcazioni in difficoltà e laddove esista il rischio imminente di perdita di vite umane.

      “In una fase in cui gli Stati europei si sono per lo più ritirati dalle operazioni di soccorso nel Mediterraneo centrale, le navi delle Ong sono più cruciali che mai,” ha dichiarato Roland Schilling, Rappresentante regionale a.i. per il Sud Europa. “Senza di loro, altre vite saranno inevitabilmente perse”.

      L’UNHCR è inoltre preoccupata per il fatto che il decreto possa avere l’effetto di penalizzare i comandanti che rifiutano di far sbarcare le persone soccorse in Libia.

      Alla luce della situazione di sicurezza estremamente volatile, delle numerose segnalazioni di violazioni di diritti umani e dell’uso generalizzato della detenzione nei confronti delle persone soccorse o intercettate in mare, nessuno dovrebbe essere riportato in Libia.

      L’UNHCR ha ribadito più volte che il rafforzamento delle capacità di ricerca e soccorso, in particolare nel Mediterraneo centrale, deve essere accompagnato da un meccanismo regionale volto ad assicurare procedure di sbarco rapide, coordinate, ordinate e sicure. La responsabilità per i rifugiati e i migranti soccorsi in mare deve essere condivisa tra tutti gli stati che li accolgono, invece di ricadere su uno o due.

      L’UNHCR chiede al governo italiano di rivedere il decreto e al parlamento di modificarlo, mettendo al centro la protezione dei rifugiati ed il salvataggio di vite umane.

      https://www.unhcr.it/news/lunhcr-chiede-allitalia-riconsiderare-un-decreto-penalizzerebbe-salvataggi-mar

    • Migrants bloqués au large de la Tunisie : les Bangladais refusent le rapatriement

      Quinze jours après avoir été secourus, 75 migrants - dont la moitié de mineurs - sont toujours coincés à bord d’un navire commercial égyptien près des côtes tunisiennes. La Tunisie refuse de les laisser débarquer et souhaite les faire « rentrer chez eux ». Seuls les migrants africains ont accepté d’être rapatriés. La majorité des rescapés, des Bangladais, s’opposent à toute expulsion.

      Les 75 naufragés secourus il y a quinze jours par le bateau commercial égyptien Maridive 601 sont toujours bloqués au large de Zarzis, sur la côte tunisienne. Quelque 32 mineurs se trouvent à bord du navire.

      Les autorités tunisiennes refusent de les laisser débarquer depuis le vendredi 31 mai, jour du sauvetage. « Le gouverneur de Médenine insiste pour qu’ils rentrent chez eux », explique Mongi Slim du Croissant rouge tunisien, joint par InfoMigrants vendredi 14 juin.

      Informés de cette décision par le Croissant rouge, seuls les Égyptiens, les Marocains et les Soudanais présents à bord ont accepté un rapatriement dans leurs pays.

      La Tunisie demande l’aide du Bangladesh

      Les 64 autres naufragés, des Bangladais dont de nombreux mineurs, ont refusé cette offre. « Ils demandent de rejoindre l’Italie ou de pouvoir rester en Tunisie avec une permission de travail », raconte Mongi Slim.

      « Les autorités ont sollicité l’aide de l’ambassade du Bangladesh. Elle va intervenir pour résoudre le problème », ajoute-t-il.

      « Rien pour se mettre à l’abri du soleil »

      En attendant, à bord, la situation psychologique des naufragés se dégrade. « Il fait très chaud en cette période de l’année dans le sud de la Tunisie, et sur le bateau les migrants n’ont rien pour se mettre à l’abri du soleil. Ils risquent la déshydratation. Ils sont emprisonnés en mer », déplore Ben Amor Romdhane, du Forum tunisien pour les droits économiques et sociaux (FTDES) également contacté par InfoMigrants. Le militant s’inquiète aussi des cas de gale signalés à bord.

      Pour la première fois depuis 15 jours, jeudi, une équipe médicale du Croissant rouge tunisien a pu monter sur le Maridive 601 avec des médicaments et des vivres. Jusqu’ici, le navire était ravitaillé en eau, en nourriture et en médicament anti-gale par la compagnie Shell Tunisie qui affrète le bateau. Le Croissant rouge était néanmoins parvenu à faire acheminer un stock de médicaments. Les premiers soins avaient été prodigués par l’équipage, guidé au téléphone par le Croissant rouge.

      Le médecin du Croissant rouge, qui a pu examiner les 75 migrants jeudi, a déclaré qu’il n’y avait pas de maladie grave ou d’urgences, seulement des cas de diabète, selon Mongi Slim.

      D’après le représentant du navire égyptien, joint par InfoMigrant, la situation reste pourtant « très tendue ». « La seule solution est de laisser ces migrants entrer en Tunisie », estime-t-il.

      Cet incident rappelle celui qu’avait connu le Sarost 5 l’an dernier. Le navire commercial, qui avait secouru 40 migrants en mer Méditerranée, avait dû attendre 17 jours l’autorisation de débarquer à Zarzis. Les autorités avaient finalement cédé titre exceptionnel « pour des raisons humanitaires ».

      https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/17533/migrants-bloques-au-large-de-la-tunisie-les-bangladais-refusent-le-rap

    • Migrants stranded at sea for three weeks now risk deportation, aid groups warn

      Group of 75 people survive prolonged ordeal but could now be made to leave Tunisia.

      https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/235b366ca8ef3c06feec045df894e482906510c0/0_0_1280_768/master/1280.jpg?width=620&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=35a960601e803a971255f0

      A group of migrants who spent nearly three weeks trapped onboard a merchant ship in torrid conditions face possible deportation to their home countries after they were finally allowed to disembark in Tunisia, aid groups have warned.

      The 75 migrants, about half of whom are minors or unaccompanied children, were rescued on 31 May by the Maridive 601 only to spend the next 20 days at sea as European authorities refused to let them land.

      “The migrant boat was ignored by Italian and Maltese authorities, though they were in distress in international waters”, said a spokesperson for Alarm Phone, a hotline service for migrants in distress at sea that was alerted to the ship’s plight by crew members. “This is a violation of international law and maritime conventions”.

      Heat and humidity onboard the Maridive 501, an Egyptian tugboat that services offshore oil platforms, were insufferable, said aid groups. Food and water were scarce, scabies broke out and spread, and several people suffered fractures and other injuries during the rescue operation.

      Witnesses said the psychological strain was immense for migrants and crew members alike.

      The brother of one Bangladeshi man said on 3 June: “Today is Eid [the festival marking the end of Ramadan]. But the day is not for me. My brother is on the ship. I can’t take it any more. How is he? How can I explain my feelings to you? When I get good news, this will be my Eid gift and that day will be my Eid day.”

      Six days later, he said: “How many days will they stay there? Who can take care of him? I am depressed, every day my mother is crying.”

      The ship’s captain, Faouz Samir, asked repeatedly to be allowed to land at the nearest port, in Zarzis, but was initially refused permission. Regional authorities said migrant centres in Medenine were too overcrowded.

      On 6 June, the migrants staged an onboard protest, asking to be sent to Europe. Video of the protest was published by the Forum Tunisien pour les Droits Economiques et Sociaux.

      The closure of Italian and Maltese ports to rescue ships has seemingly had a ripple effect, with Tunisia closing its own harbours to rescued people in order to avoid an overwhelming influx of migrants.

      On Tuesday evening, however, the Tunisian authorities relented. The migrants, who are mainly from Bangladeshi but also include Egyptians, Moroccans and Sudanese, will now be transferred to a detention centre.

      Aid groups, however, who had been demanding an immediate disembarkation in view of the medical emergency onboard, are concerned people may be sent back to Libya or even deported to their home countries after landing in the port of Zarzis. The governor of Medenine had previously said the boat would be allowed to dock only if all the migrants were immediately deported.

      “We are happy for the survivors. They are exhausted, some are traumatised, but we will accompany them so that we can finally find respite and reflect on the different alternatives available to them,” said Wajdi Ben Mhamed, head of the International Organisation for Migration’s Zarzis office.

      The IOM said its protection team would assist the survivors with “their protection needs and provide, for those who have requested it, assistance for voluntary return to their country of origin’’.

      Relatives claim some of the Bangladeshi survivors were told that food, water and medical treatment would be withheld if they did not accept deportation.

      One man who spoke to his brother on 18 June said fears of imminent deportation had been exacerbated by the visit of a Bangladeshi envoy to the boat. The envoy’s visit followed a meeting five days earlier with the Tunisian minister of the interior.

      Another relative said of a Bangladeshi migrant aboard the tugboat: “In Bangladesh there are people who want to kill him. He paid all the money and went to Libya to get away from the problems in Bangladesh. Then he escaped from Libya because of the problems there. He wants to go to Europe.”

      Médecins Sans Frontières warned that Tunisia could not be defined a safe haven for migrants and refugees, given that it had no functioning asylum system in place. “The nearest places of safety for rescues in the central Mediterranean are Italy or Malta,” said a spokesperson.

      A dangerous precedent would be set if an agreement was found to deport those rescued to their countries of origin quickly after disembarkation in Tunisia. Aid groups warn that boats like the Maridive would turn into migrant holding facilities until deportations were arranged. Many more boats could thus turn from places of rescue to prison islands, floating along north African shores.
      More than 70 million people now fleeing conflict and oppression worldwide
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      Giorgia Linardi, of SeaWatch in Italy said: “After this episode we should reflect on whether Tunisia qualifies as a place of safety, as our sources suggested that the migrants could be immediately repatriated or expelled from the country. The situation aboard the Maridive is very much confronted with the situation faced right now by the SeaWatch vessel with 53 migrants on board which is still floating in front of Italian territorial waters. As of now, the attitude of the Italian authorities is no different from the attitude of the Tunisian authorities towards the Maridive despite the two states having a different framework in terms of protection of human rights and in terms of asylum system in place.”

      With sea conditions currently favourable, thousands are preparing to leave Libya, where war and political instability have been aggravated by floods caused by heavy rain.

      Without rescue boats, however, the number of shipwrecks is likely to rise further. Only two of the 10 NGO rescue boats that were active in the Mediterranean are still present.

      According to data from the UN and the IOM, about 3,200 people have reached Italy and Malta from North Africa since the beginning of 2019, and almost 350 have died en route – putting the death rate for those crossing at about 11% along the central Mediterranean route.

      https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2019/jun/19/migrants-stranded-at-sea-for-three-weeks-now-face-deportation-aid-group

    • Italy’s redefinition of sea rescue as a crime draws on EU policy for inspiration

      https://www.statewatch.org/analyses/no-341-italy-salvini-boats-directive.pdf

      –-> analyse de #Yasha_Maccanico sur la première directive de Salvini contre la #Mare_Jonio et la façon dans laquelle il essaye (avec part de raison) justifier la criminalisation systématique des secours en mer en base aux instructions issues de la Commission dans le contexte de l’Agenda Européenne, plus des problèmes de base dans les représentations contenues dans la directive.

    • Maridive : les 75 migrants bloqués depuis 18 jours au large de Zarzis ont pu débarquer en Tunisie

      Après 18 jours d’hésitation, les autorités tunisiennes ont finalement laissé les 75 migrants du #Maridive débarquer au port de Zarzis, ce mercredi. Ils ont toutefois imposé leurs conditions : les migrants ont tous accepté préalablement de rentrer dans leur pays.

      « C’est enfin fini, c’est un soulagement ». Mongi Slim, membre du Croissant-rouge tunisien, s’est réjoui, mardi 18 juin, du débarquement des 75 migrants bloqués depuis le 31 mai au large de Zarzis. Les autorités tunisiennes refusaient en effet de laisser débarquer en Tunisie ces personnes secourues par un navire commercial égyptien, le Maridive 601, au large de la Libye.

      Après 18 jours de blocage, ils ont enfin pu toucher la terre ferme. « Nous sommes heureux pour les survivants. Ils sont épuisés, certains sont traumatisés mais nous les accompagnerons pour pouvoir enfin trouver du répit », a déclaré Wajdi Ben Mhamed, chef de bureau de l’agence de l’Organisation internationale des migrations (OIM), dans un communiqué.

      Un premier vol vers le Bangladesh jeudi

      Cependant, ce débarquement s’est fait sous conditions après de longues négociations entre les ONG, les organisations internationales et les autorités. Tunis a finalement autorisé leur débarquement à condition que les migrants acceptent tous d‘être renvoyés dans leur pays d’origine. Parmi les 75 migrants secourus, 64 sont de nationalité bangladaise, neuf égyptienne, un est originaire du Maroc et un autre du Soudan.


      https://www.facebook.com/iomtunis/posts/354908018559713

      Samedi 15 juin, des représentants de l’ambassade du Bangladesh sont montés à bord du Maridive et ont convaincu les Bangladais de retourner chez eux. Selon Mongi Slim, du Croissant rouge tunisien, un premier groupe de 20 Bangladais devrait être renvoyé dès jeudi 20 juin.

      Aucune demande d’asile déposée

      Une information que ne confirme par l’OIM, qui est chargée d’organiser les retours volontaires de ces naufragés. « Nous avons effectivement dit aux autorités qu’un vol commercial avec une vingtaine de places partaient de Tunisie demain vers le Bangladesh. Mais nous n’organisons pas de retours forcés », précise à InfoMigrants Lorena Lando, chef de mission de l’OIM en Tunisie. « Mais, nous attendons de faire un point avec les migrants et savoir qui veut profiter d’un retour volontaire », insiste-t-elle.

      Malgré l’accord, l’OIM rappelle que les migrants qui veulent demander l’asile seront redirigés vers le Haut-commissariat des Nations unies aux réfugiés (HCR). Mais pour l’heure, selon l’agence onusienne, aucun des migrants du Maridive ne souhaite déposer une demande d’asile en Tunisie.
      Le 10 mai dernier, 16 migrants, majoritairement du Bangladesh, avaient été sauvés par des pêcheurs tunisiens, après le naufrage de leur embarcation ayant fait une soixantaine de morts. Deux d’entre eux avaient décidé de rentrer dans leur pays.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/17614/maridive-les-75-migrants-bloques-depuis-18-jours-au-large-de-zarzis-on

    • Working Paper: Guidelines on temporary arrangements for #disembarkation

      Given the voluntary nature of participation in the mechanism, determination of persons to be relocated will be based on the indications by the Member States of relocation of the profiles that these Member States are willing to accept (variable geometry)."

      “Member States that relocate voluntarily (a lump sum of 6000 EUR per applicant).”

      The Council of the European Union has produced a new “Working Paper” on: Guidelines on temporary arrangements for disembarkation (LIMITE doc no: WK 7219-19):

      “The Guidelines are based on best practices used in previous disembarkation cases, and rely on a coordinating role of the Commission and support by relevant agencies. The framework is of a temporary nature and the participation of the Member States is on a voluntary basis. This document has a non-binding nature.” [emphasis added]

      The circumstances for “triggering” Temporary Arrangements (TA) are:

      “type of arrivals covered

      – a search and rescue operation; and/or

      – other sea arrivals where there is a humanitarian ground at stake.”

      On the face of it the idea would appear to refer to just about every rescue. However the idea relies on the state of first disembarkation - for example, in the Med: Spain, France, Italy and Greece - allowing a safe port of arrival. These states then make a “relocation” request to other Member States. This is entirely based on voluntary participation.

      “Workflow in the Member State of disembarkation

      The following procedural steps should be undertaken in the Member State of disembarkation, where appropriate with the assistance from EU agencies, and where relevant with the involvement of the Member State of relocation, in agreement with the benefitting Member State:

      (...) Initial identification, registration, fingerprinting and swift security screening: Registration and fingerprinting of all arriving migrants as category 2 in Eurodac system; check against national and EU information systems (such as Eurodac, SIS, VIS, Europol and Interpol databases) to ensure that none of the persons arriving to the EU is a threat to public policy, internal security or public health.

      Assessment regarding possible use of alternatives to detention or detention, on a case by case basis, pending further processing (in the context of border procedure, where possible, or otherwise)”

      Member states will be allowed to set conditions on acceptable refugees to relocate:

      “Given the voluntary nature of participation in the mechanism, determination of persons to be relocated will be based on the indications by the Member States of relocation of the profiles that these Member States are willing to accept (variable geometry).”

      The European Border and Coast Guard Agency (EBCGA) will:

      “provide assistance in screening, debriefing, identification and fingerprinting;

      – deploy Return Teams (composed of escort, forced return monitor and/or return specialists);”

      Financial support

      "Under the AMIF Regulation, funds are to be made available for:

      – Member States that relocate voluntarily (a lump sum of 6000 EUR per applicant, applying the amended Article 18 of the AMIF Regulation 516/2014);

      – support to return operations;

      – Member States under pressure, as appropriate, including the possibility of a lump sum per relocation to cover transfer costs.

      – When MS make full use of the lump sums available under the national programmes, additional financial support could be provided.

      http://www.statewatch.org/news/2019/jun/eu-council-disembark.htm

    • La #marine_italienne sur le banc des accusés

      En octobre 2013, un bateau de pêche chargé de réfugiés syriens fait naufrage près de Lampedusa, île italienne proche de la Sicile. Si 212 personnes ont pu être sauvées, 26 corps ont été repêchés et environ 240 sont restées portés disparus dont une soixantaine d’enfants. Ce drame ne restera pas impuni.
      Un procès se tiendra en 2018 avec, sur le banc des accusés pour homicide involontaire et non-assistance à personnes en danger, des officiers de la marine italienne. C’est la première fois qu’un procès de ce type est lancé. Ce jour-là, un médecin syrien qui se trouvait à bord avec ses deux enfants -tous deux morts noyés- a appelé plusieurs fois au secours les garde-côtes italiens. Ceux-ci retransmettaient le relais à leurs confrères maltais et peu après lançaient un message signalant la situation aux navires se trouvant dans la zone. C’était le cas du navire Libra de la marine italienne, à moins d’une heure de navigation mais qui, au lieu de se précipiter, s’est éloigné en laissant intervenir les Maltais, ce qui prenait beaucoup plus de temps. Le bateau des migrants a fini par chavirer à 17h07. Les secours dont, le Libra, sont arrivés vers 18h00. Trop tard.

      https://www.arte.tv/fr/videos/080337-000-A/la-marine-italienne-sur-le-banc-des-accuses

    • Bangladeshi migrants in Tunisia forced to return home, aid groups claim

      Relatives say more than 30 people stuck at sea told to go home or lose food and water.

      More than 30 migrants from Bangladesh who were trapped on a merchant ship off Tunisia for three weeks have been sent back to their home country against their will, according to relatives.

      They were among 75 migrants rescued on 31 May by the Maridive 601, an Egyptian tugboat that services offshore oil platforms, only to spend the next 20 days at sea near the Tunisian coast.

      The International Organization for Migration, an intergovernmental organisation linked to the United Nations, said the Bangladeshis “wished to return home”.

      But relatives and aid groups claimed that when a Bangladeshi envoy visited the boat the migrants were forced to accept their repatriation under the threat of having food, water and medical treatment being taken away.

      One relative told the Guardian: “When all the people were on the boat, they were told by the Bangladeshi embassy that if they didn’t agree to sign, they would not get any food or water any more. The people were afraid to die on the boat. The Bangladeshi embassy forced them to sign.”

      On 18 June, the 75 migrants, who included Egyptian, Moroccan and Sudanese people, were taken off the Maridive 601 and transferred to a Tunisian detention centre.

      The IOM confirmed that a few days later the first 17 individuals were returned to Bangladesh, and on 24 June, another 15 migrants were sent back.

      It said “more migrants will be travelling in the coming days, according to their decision”.

      The Forum Tunisien pour les Droits Economiques et Sociaux (FTDES), an independent organisation that aims to defend economic and social rights, said: “We doubt that the decisions to return were made voluntarily by the migrants.

      “We have tried to visit the migrants in the reception centre in order to inquire about their wellbeing but despite making repeated inquiries and requests, the whereabouts of the detained migrants was not revealed.”

      Another relative said: “I spoke with my brother this morning in the centre. He is scared to be returned to Bangladesh, like all the people there. Nobody wants to return to Bangladesh; everyone who is returned is forced.”

      The IOM’s head of mission in Tunisia, Lorena Lando, rejected the accusations. “None of the migrants has been deported; [they] wished to return,” she said. “IOM does not do deportation, nor force anyone to return.”

      Lando said the IOM “did not have access” to the migrants until 19 June, after the Tunisian authorities allowed their disembarkation.

      She added: “Remaining at sea was not a solution either. It is up to the person to also apply for asylum if they fear persecution … or seek help to return home or take time to decide.”

      A spokesperson for Alarm Phone, a hotline service for migrants in distress at sea that was alerted to the ship’s plight by crew members, said: “The IOM refers to such deportations as voluntary returns but what is voluntary about telling survivors that they can leave their prison merely if they agree to be returned?

      “Do we really believe that these Bangladeshi people risked their lives to move to Libya and then to try to cross the Mediterranean, only to then be ‘voluntarily’ returned to Bangladesh?”

      https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jun/25/bangladeshi-migrants-in-tunisia-forced-to-return-home-aid-groups-claim

    • #Mare_Jonio ha salvato 49 persone da un naufragio: adesso l’Italia ci indichi un porto sicuro

      La Mare Jonio di #Mediterranea_Saving_Humans, nave battente bandiera italiana impegnata nella missione di monitoraggio del Mediterraneo centrale ha soccorso, a 42 miglia dalle coste libiche, 49 persone che si trovavano a bordo di un gommone in avaria che imbarcava acqua.
      La segnalazione era arrivata dall’aereo di ricognizione Moonbird della ONG Sea Watch che avvertiva di una imbarcazione alla deriva in acque internazionali.

      Mare Jonio si è diretta verso la posizione segnalata e, Informata la centrale operativa della Guardia Costiera Italiana, ha effettuato il soccorso ottemperando alle prescrizioni del diritto internazionale dei diritti umani e del mare, e del codice della navigazione italiano.
      Attenendosi alle procedure previste in questi casi e per scongiurare una tragedia, Mare Jonio ha tratto in salvo tutte le persone a bordo comunicando ad una motovedetta libica giunta sul posto a soccorso iniziato di avere terminato le operazioni. Tra le persone soccorse, 12 risultano minori.
      Le persone a bordo si trovavano in mare da quasi 2 giorni e, nonostante le condizioni di salute risultino abbastanza stabili, sono tutte molto provate con problemi di disidratazione. Il personale medico di Mediterranea sta prestando assistenza.
      La Mare Jonio si sta dirigendo in questo momento verso Lampedusa, ovvero verso il porto sicuro più vicino rispetto alla zona in cui è stato effettuato il soccorso. Nel frattempo, è in arrivo una forte perturbazione nel Mediterraneo centrale.
      Abbiamo chiesto formalmente all’Italia, nostro stato di bandiera e stato sotto il quale giuridicamente e geograficamente ricade la responsabilità, l’indicazione di un porto di sbarco per queste persone.
      Oggi abbiamo salvato la vita e la dignità di 49 esseri umani. Le abbiamo salvate due volte: dal naufragio e dal rischio di essere catturate e riportate indietro a subire di nuovo le torture e gli orrori da cui stavano fuggendo. Ogni giorno, nel silenzio a moltissime altre tocca questa sorte. Grazie ai nostri straordinari equipaggi di terra e di mare, alle decine di migliaia di persone che in tutta Italia ci hanno sostenuto, oggi quel mare non è stato più solo cimitero e deserto.

      https://mediterranearescue.org/news/mare-jonio-ha-salvato-49-persone-da-un-naufragio-adesso-litalia-
      #Méditerranée #ONG (même si c’est pas une ONG, mais une #initiative_citoyenne) #asile #migrations #frontières #mer_Méditerranée #sauvetage

    • La direttiva di Matteo Salvini sulle frontiere non ha valore

      “Il tempo e le condizioni del mare non sono buone e i naufraghi sono ancora sotto shock, dopo essere stati soccorsi al largo della Libia e aver passato la notte con il mare in tempesta”, racconta Lucia Gennari, avvocata dell’Asgi imbarcata a bordo della nave Mare Jonio, l’imbarcazione che batte bandiera italiana ed è in rada davanti all’isola di Lampedusa, a cinquecento metri dalla Cala dei francesi, con 49 persone a bordo, tra cui dodici minori. L’imbarcazione, gestita dall’organizzazione italiana Mediterranea Saving Humans, chiede di attraccare nel porto dell’isola, dopo aver soccorso i naufraghi il 18 marzo in un’operazione di salvataggio avvenuta a 42 miglia dalle coste libiche. La nave ha trovato un gommone in avaria, su indicazione dell’aereo Moonbird, e ha informato sia la guardia costiera libica sia la guardia costiera italiana che avrebbe provveduto al soccorso.

      “Siamo arrivati a soccorrere i naufraghi che erano in difficoltà, i libici non erano sul posto, sono arrivati successivamente”, afferma Gennari, 32 anni, originaria di Mestre. “Poi ci siamo diretti verso nord perché la situazione atmosferica era pessima. Al momento la situazione a bordo è tranquilla, abbiamo viveri per qualche giorno, ma gli spazi sono ristretti, la nave è lunga 32 metri e le persone nella notte sono state male a causa delle cattive condizioni atmosferiche”, racconta la ragazza, che fa parte del gruppo di legali che seguono Mediterranea Saving Humans a partire dalla sua fondazione nell’autunno del 2018.

      La nave batte bandiera italiana e quindi a differenza di altre imbarcazioni non gli può essere impedito di attraccare in porto. Tuttavia il ministro dell’interno Matteo Salvini ha già detto che la nave non potrà arrivare in un porto italiano e nella notte tra il 18 e il 19 marzo ha diffuso una circolare diretta alle autorità portuali, ai carabinieri, alla polizia, alla guardia di finanza e alla marina militare che invita a impedire l’ingresso nelle acque e nei porti italiani alle navi private che abbiano operato attività di ricerca e salvataggio nelle acque internazionali.

      Secondo la circolare, i salvataggi che avvengono in acque internazionali che non sono coordinate dall’Italia, non possono concludersi nel paese. La circolare crea un’ambiguità sul significato di zona di ricerca e soccorso libica. Da una parte infatti le autorità internazionali hanno riconosciuto alla Libia la capacità di compiere soccorsi nelle acque internazionali, d’altro canto però la Libia non può essere considerato un posto sicuro in cui riportare le persone soccorse. Dopo la diffusione della circolare, a bordo della Mare Jonio sono saliti degli agenti della guardia di finanza. “Alle 8 di mattina a bordo è salita la guardia di finanza che sta raccogliendo informazioni sul salvataggio”, racconta Lucia Gennari. La procura di Agrigento ha aperto un fascicolo di indagine sul caso.

      Linea dura

      Il ministro dell’interno ha accusato i soccorritori di favoreggiamento dell’immigrazione clandestina: “Possono essere curati, vestiti, gli si danno tutti i generi di conforto, ma in Italia per quello che mi riguarda e con il mio permesso non mettono piede. È chiaro ed evidente che c’è un’organizzazione che gestisce, aiuta, e supporta il traffico di essere umani. O c’è l’autorità giudiziaria, che ovviamente prescinde da me che riterrà che questo non sia stato un soccorso e decide di intervenire legalmente, oppure il ministero dell’interno, che deve indicare il porto di approdo, non indica nessun porto”.

      Secondo Salvini, la nave “ha raccolto questi immigrati in acque libiche, in cui stava intervenendo una motovedetta libica. Non hanno ubbidito a nessuna indicazione, hanno autonomamente deciso di dirigersi verso l’Italia per motivi evidentemente ed esclusivamente politici. Non hanno osservato le indicazioni delle autorità e se ne sono fregati dell’alt della guardia di finanza”. Il ministro su Twitter ha poi attaccato uno dei soccorritori della nave, Luca Casarini, ex leader dei movimenti del nordest attivi durante il G8 di Genova nel 2001. Per Lucia Gennari il governo deve dare l’autorizzazione all’attracco il prima possibile: “La direttiva Salvini è solo un’indicazione politica del ministero dell’interno, per applicarla le autorità portuali dovrebbero pubblicare un decreto di attuazione che sarebbe impugnabile perché viola diverse norme internazionali”.

      Alessandro Metz, armatore della Mare Jonio, ha risposto alle accuse dicendo: “La direttiva è subordinata alle leggi e alle convenzioni internazionali, quindi o il governo decide di ritirare la propria firma da quelle convenzioni, trovandosi in una condizione di isolamento e rinnegando quella cultura giuridica che l’Italia rappresenta, essendo un popolo di naviganti”. Per Metz il governo deve indicare subito “un porto sicuro” di sbarco.

      Molti esperti hanno commentato la circolare diffusa dal ministero dell’interno sulla chiusura dei porti alle navi private che soccorrono persone in mare. Mario Morcone, ex capo di gabinetto del Viminale e direttore del Consiglio italiano per i rifugiati (Cir), si è detto estremamente preoccupato dalla direttiva Salvini: “È una circolare che esercita un astratto e un po’ ipocrita formalismo nell’analisi delle norme. Accetta il presupposto che i porti libici possano essere considerati sicuri e che l’attracco presso i porti tunisini e maltesi sia possibile. È una direttiva che non prende in alcuna considerazione il drammatico contesto reale”.

      Anche Luigi Manconi e Valentina Calderone, presidente e direttrice di A buon diritto, hanno commentato: “Non esiste alcun provvedimento del consiglio dei ministri che abbia approvato una simile misura, illegale sotto il profilo normativo e costituzionale. Dunque i porti italiani erano e restano aperti, tanto più se a chiedere l’approdo è una nave italiana, battente bandiera italiana con equipaggio interamente italiano. E con 49 profughi soccorsi in mare in una zona più vicina alle coste italiane che ad altre coste (quelle di Malta, per esempio). Ovviamente, consegnare quelle persone alla guardia costiera libica e, di conseguenza, ai centri di detenzione di quel paese, avrebbe costituito una grave violazione del diritto internazionale”.

      Per il giurista Fulvio Vassallo Paleologo della clinica dei diritti di Palermo, esperto di diritto del mare, “la direttiva tradisce puntualmente tutte le convenzioni internazionali, citate solo per le parti che si ritengono utili alla linea di chiusura dei porti adottata dal governo italiano, ma che non menziona neppure il divieto di respingimento affermato dall’articolo 33 della Convenzione di Ginevra, norma destinata a salvaguardare il diritto alla vita e alla integrità fisica delle persone. Questa omissione si traduce in una ennesima violazione del diritto interno e internazionale. Gravi le conseguenze per quelle autorità militari che dovessero dare corso a un provvedimento ministeriale manifestamente in contrasto con le Convenzioni internazionali e con il diritto dei rifugiati. Secondo l’Unhcr il diritto dei rifugiati va richiamato con funzione prevalente rispetto alle norme di diritto internazionale del mare e alle norme contro l’immigrazione irregolare”.

      Infine per Vincent Cochetel, inviato speciale dell’Unhcr per il Mediterraneo centrale, “la legge del mare è molto chiara, la Libia non è un place of safety, un posto che può essere considerato sicuro. L’Italia e gli altri paesi del Mediterraneo sono sicuri”.

      Intanto al largo di Sabratha, in Libia, c’è stato un nuovo naufragio: a darne notizia è l’Organizzazione internazionale per le migrazioni (Oim). Secondo Flavio Di Giacomo, portavoce dell’Oim in Italia, ci sono stati solo quindici sopravvissuti, ma i morti potrebbero essere decine. Secondo Di Giacomo dall’inizio del 2019 “oltre 1.280 persone sono partite dalle coste del Nordafrica verso l’Europa” e i morti sono stati almeno 154. “Un aumento esponenziale dei morti rispetto ai migranti sbarcati”, afferma Di Giacomo.

      https://www.internazionale.it/bloc-notes/annalisa-camilli/2019/03/19/matteo-salvini-mare-ionio

    • Italian police escort migrant boat, open trafficking probe

      An Italian charity ship was escorted into the port of Lampedusa by police on Tuesday after rescuing 49 Africans in the Mediterranean, with Interior Minister Matteo Salvini calling for the crew to be arrested.

      A judicial source said a magistrate had ordered that the boat, the Mare Jonio, be seized as an investigation is launched into allegations of aiding and abetting human trafficking.

      The vessel picked up the migrants, including 12 minors, on Monday after their rubber boat started to sink in the central Mediterranean, some 42 miles (68 km) off the coast of Libya.

      The humanitarian ship immediately set sail for the nearby Italian island of Lampedusa, defying Salvini, the leader of the hard-right League party who has ordered the closure of all ports to boats carrying rescued migrants.

      After initially being prevented from docking, the Mare Jonio was unexpectedly accompanied into port by police at nightfall as a storm approached.

      The judicial source said the migrants would be allowed to disembark, while the boat would be impounded and the crew faced possible questioning.

      “Excellent,” Salvini wrote on Twitter. “We now have in Italy a government that defends the borders and enforces the law, especially against human traffickers. Those who make mistakes pay the price,” he said.

      The government has repeatedly accused charity rescue boats of being complicit with people smugglers, who charge large sums to help migrants get to Europe. The NGOs deny the accusation.

      There was no immediate comment from the collective that organized Monday’s sea operation, “Mediterranea”. It said in an earlier statement that the rescue had been carried out in accordance with international human rights and maritime law.
      ARRIVALS FALL

      New arrivals to Italy have plummeted since Salvini took office last June, with just 348 migrants coming so far this year, according to official data, down 94 percent on the same period in 2018 and down 98 percent on 2017.

      His closed-port policy has helped support for his League party double since March 2018 elections. However, humanitarian groups say his actions have driven up deaths at sea and left migrants languishing in overcrowded Libyan detention centers.

      Salvini said on Monday the Mare Jonio should have let the Libyan coastguard pick up the migrants. Failing that, it should have taken them either to Libya or Tunisia rather than disobey initial orders not to enter Italian waters.

      “If a citizen forces a police roadblock they are arrested. I trust the same thing will happen here,” Salvini said.

      Mediterranea said its rescue operation had saved the migrants either from drowning or from being picked up by the Libyans and “taken back to suffer again the torture and horror from which they were fleeing”.

      Last August, Salvini blocked an Italian coastguard ship with 150 migrants aboard for almost a week before finally letting it dock. Magistrates subsequently put him under investigation for abuse of power and kidnapping and have asked parliament to strip him of his immunity from prosecution.

      The upper house Senate is due to vote on that on Wednesday, but the request looks certain to be rejected, with Salvini arguing that he acted in the national interest.

      https://www.reuters.com/article/us-europe-migrants-italy/italys-salvini-in-new-migrant-boat-stand-off-idUSKCN1R021Q?il=0

    • Sequestro Mare Jonio. Indagato il comandante, che dice «Avrei dovuto lasciarli morire?»

      Al vaglio degli inquirenti i contenuti delle comunicazioni via radio, in particolare gli alt intimati dalla Guardia di finanza e la decisione invece della nave di proseguire.

      Favoreggiamento dell’immigrazione clandestina e rifiuto di obbedienza a nave da guerra previsto all’articolo 1099 del codice della navigazione. Sono questi i reati contestati al comandante Pietro Marrone della nave Mare Jonio, della Ong Mediterranea dal procuratore aggiunto di Agrigento Salvatore Vella e dal pubblico ministero Cecilia Baravelli. La Procura ha anche convalidato il sequestro della nave «Mare Jonio» fatto nella tarda serata di ieri dalla Guardia di finanza.

      Pronta la replica dell’Ong: «Ovviamente nei prossimi giorni faremo ricorso contro il sequestro. Noi non godiamo di nessuna immunità, ma siamo certi di avere operato nel rispetto del diritto e felici di avere portato in salvo 49 persone», si legge in un tweet Mediterranea saving humans.

      In quanto al comandante l’avvocato Fabio Lanfranco che, insieme alla collega Serena Romano, lo difende, fa sapere: «Abbiamo appreso che il comandante è indagato e che questo é prodromico al sequestro della nave, quindi è un atto dovuto. Non conoscendo gli atti stiamo ricostruendo il fatto. Il comandante si è comportato in modo estremamente corretto, ha salvato vite umane, il favoreggiamento a mio giudizio non sta né in cielo né in terra».

      Ne è certo anche lo stesso comandante. «Sono tranquillo, ho fatto il mio dovere. Avrei dovuto lasciarli morire? Rifarei tutto per salvare le persone», ha detto Pietro Marrone ai cronisti prima di entrare nel comando Brigata Lampedusa della Guardia di finanza, accompagnato dai suoi legali, per essere interrogato dal pm di Agrigento.
      La giornata

      Giornata di interrogatori oggi a Lampedusa, sul caso della Mare Jonio, la nave della missione Mediterranea sequestrata e fatta attraccare ieri dopo circa tredici ore d’attesa al largo dell’Isola con 50 migranti a bordo, fatti infine sbarcare.

      La procura di Agrigento ha aperto un’inchiesta per favoreggiamento dell’immigrazione clandestina. In serata era volato a Lampedusa il procuratore aggiunto Salvatore Vella. Sentiti dalla Guardia di finanza fino a notte il comandante Pietro Marrone il provvedimento di sequestro, e poi l’armatore Beppe Caccia. Si continuano a sentire persone informate, compreso il capo missione Luca Casarini.

      Entro domani sera la procura dovrà decidere se convalidare il sequestro. Al vaglio degli inquirenti, in particolare, i contenuti delle comunicazioni via radio fra la Guardia di finanza che aveva intimato l’alt, chiedendo di non avvicinarsi al porto di Lampedusa, e il comandante dell’imbarcazione che ha disobbedito, decidendo di proseguire, a suo dire per questioni di sicurezza, per mantenere in assetto la nave in un mare fortemente agitato con onde alte.

      Verificata anche la «catena di comando istituzionale», dal ministero dell’Interno alle forze dell’ordine intervenute intimando l’arresto dei motori alla nave di soccorso battente bandiera italiana.

      INTERVISTA «Direttiva illegittima. Un abuso di potere come negli Stati autoritari» di Nello Scavo
      Migranti trasferiti in hotspot, non ancora interrogati

      Non sono stati ancora ascoltati dagli investigatori i 40 migranti soccorsi dalla Mare Jonio, che hanno trascorso la notte nell’ hotspot di Lampedusa dopo lo sbarco di ieri sera. Gli operatori del Centro li hanno rifocillati, alcuni di loro hanno pregato. «Sono bravi
      ragazzi, educati e pacati» dicono dal centro dove la situazione è tranquilla. Non si sa quando lasceranno la struttura di contrada Imbriacola, anche perché le condizioni meteo-marine a Lampedusa non sono buone e sono previste in peggioramento.
      Il comunicato di Mediterranea

      «All’indomani dello sbarco dei naufraghi a Lampedusa il sentimento prevalente in Mediterranea è la gioia profonda di aver portato in salvo in un porto sicuro 49 persone sottratte ai pericoli della traversata e alle torture libiche. Sono entrate in Italia cantando ’libertà, liberta» perché per loro il nostro è ancora il paese dei diritti umani e della salvezza possibile" informa in una nota Mediterranea Saving Humans.

      «Ieri sera è stato notificato al Comandante della Mare Jonio il sequestro probatorio della nave, su iniziativa della Polizia Giudiziaria, nello specifico la Guardia di Finanza. La contestuale identificazione del comandante è un atto dovuto per procedere al sequestro - si legge - Lo si accusa di non avere spento i motori, come ordinato dalla Guardia Costiera a poche miglia dalle acque territoriali italiane, mentre la Mare Jonio fronteggiava onde alte più di due metri, come si vede nel video che abbiamo diffuso ieri. Era un ordine impossibile da eseguire senza mettere in serio pericolo la sicurezza della nave e di tutte le persone a bordo, la cui tutela è l’obbligo prioritario di ogni comandante. Al momento non sono in corso interrogatori e non sono arrivate ulteriori notifiche. L’armatore di Mare Jonio è stato semplicemente convocato in capitaneria per le procedure di routine», sottolinea la Ong. «La nostra azione di obbedienza civile si è sempre mossa nel quadro giuridico delle norme vigenti, rispettando anche la loro gerarchia, avendo come bussola il diritto e i diritti che tutelano la vita e la dignità delle persone. Ancora una volta si potrà dimostrare che le navi della società civile sono gli unici soggetti del Mediterraneo centrale che agiscono con queste priorità», conclude la nota.

      https://www.avvenire.it/attualita/pagine/mare-jonio-interrogatori

    • L’ammiraglio. «Direttiva illegittima. Un abuso di potere, come negli Stati autoritari»

      «Il provvedimento di chiusura del mare territoriale firmato dal ministro Salvini sospinge definitivamente il soccorso in mare nella pura strumentalizzazione politica con il rischio di creare, nella realtà operativa, situazioni ingestibili di confusione e di pericolo». Il contrammiraglio Vittorio Alessandro non nasconde la preoccupazione, specie dopo aver letto la direttiva di Salvini per fermare le Ong. «Un testo anomalo, chiaramente illegittimo e viziato di abuso di potere», dice l’ufficiale, ora in congedo. Temi che Alessandro conosce anche per essere stato a guida del reparto am- bientale marino della Guardia Costiera e per 3 anni a capo dell’ufficio relazioni esterne del comando generale, dal 2010 al 2013, gli anni delle primavere arabe e delle migliaia di sbarchi a Lampedusa.

      Cosa non la convince?
      La premessa della direttiva sta nella paventata ipotesi di “strumentalizzazione” delle convenzioni per la salvaguardia della vita umana in mare al fine di eludere le norme in materia di immigrazione clandestina. Una premessa del genere non vale a sospendere o a ridurre l’obbligo del soccorso (che si conclude con l’assegnazione di un porto sicuro), in quanto ogni principio a tutela dei diritti fondamentali (quello della libertà, per esempio, o il diritto alla salute) può essere strumentalizzato a fini illeciti, ma non per questo può essere ristretto.

      Quindi si tratta di un’escamotage per scopi politici?
      Tanto più quando, come nel nostro caso, il paventato rischio di un pregiudizio alla «pace, buon ordine, e sicurezza dello Stato costiero» è solo una lontana ipotesi mai constatata, e comunque perfettamente affrontabile allorché i naufraghi siano giunti a terra.

      Perché ritiene che la direttiva non possa superare l’esame di un eventuale ricorso giudiziario?
      Perché il provvedimento, per i suoi aspetti formali, è illegittimo. L’articolo 83 del codice della navigazione prevede, infatti, l’ipotesi della chiusura del mare territoriale (assai remota in un ordinamento che considera tali spazi aperti alla sosta e al transito inoffensivi delle navi) assegnandola alla esclusiva attribuzione del ministro delle Infrastrutture.

      Invece cosa prevedono le nuove indicazioni degli Interni?
      Il Viminale si interpone fra il vertice istituzionale dell’organizzazione marittima e del soccorso e la competenza operativa delle Capitanerie di Porto. Non, come giusto, con una missiva al ministro competente, ma con un proprio provvedimento indirizzato alle Forze di polizia e a una Forza armata, come negli stati autoritari.

      Però si tratta di ipotesi che dovranno poi misurarsi con la realtà.
      Ma è già successo proprio nel caso della Mare Jonio. La Guardia di Finanza ha ordinato, infatti, alla nave italiana di «fermare le macchine» in mezzo al mare agitato. Un ordine inaudito, sotto il profilo nautico: le macchine non servono soltanto a navigare, ma anche a difendersi dal moto ondoso, a mantenere a galla il natante. Non a caso la Guardia Costiera ha subito provveduto ad assegnare alla nave un punto di ancoraggio a ridosso di Lampedusa.


      https://www.avvenire.it/attualita/pagine/direttiva-illegittima-un-abuso-di-potere-come-negli-stati-autoritari

    • Italy seizes migrant rescue boat Mare Jonio

      A rescue boat carrying nearly 50 migrants has docked at the Italian island of Lampedusa. Interior Minister Matteo Salvini had denied the ship access to Italian ports, but relented in order to bring aid workers to trial.

      Sicilian prosecutors on Tuesday ordered the seizure of the Italian-flagged ship “Mare Jonio.” The rescue boat was allowed to dock on the Italian island of Lampedusa while accompanied by coast guard ships following nearly two days at sea.

      The decision ended a standoff between the migrant rescue boat and the Italian government. Italian Interior Minister Matteo Salvini had earlier ordered authorities to deny the ship access to Italian ports.

      Before issuing the permit to dock, prosecutors launched an investigation into possible aiding and abetting of illegal immigration. A move Salvini praised.

      “Now in Italy there is a government that defends the borders and ensures respect for the law, most of all for human traffickers,” he said. “He who makes mistakes, pays.”

      The group of 49 migrants, including 12 minors, were rescued by humanitarian group Mediterranea Saving Humans. “Those on board had been at sea for almost two days,” the NGO said in a statement. “(They) are exhausted and dehydrated.”

      ’Repressive’

      Salvini has come under fire for attempting to block migrant rescue boats from docking at Italian ports.

      Human rights watchdog Amnesty International last year accused the Italian government of “repressive management of the migratory phenomenon.”

      Italy has taken the brunt of a wave of migration after EU member states cut-off the so-called Balkan route. Nearly half a million irregular migrants have made the dangerous journey across the central Mediterranean and made landfall in Italy, according to the International Organization for Migration(IOM).

      Rome has conceded that saving lives at sea is a priority, but maintains that national authorities must be obeyed and premeditated action to bring immigrants to Italy would amount to facilitating human trafficking.

      Italy, with the support of the EU, has trained the Libyan coast guard to intercept boats carrying migrants in a bid to prevent migrants from reaching European shores.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/15804/italy-seizes-migrant-rescue-boat-mare-jonio?ref=fb

    • Le navire humanitaire « Mare Jonio » mis sous #séquestre en Italie

      Le ministre de l’intérieur italien Matteo Salvini a lancé lundi 18 mars un avertissement aux organisations humanitaires qui recueillent des migrants au large de la Libye.

      Le lendemain, le « Mare Jonio », un navire ayant secouru 49 migrants était bloqué au large de Lampedusa, et mis sous séquestre dans la soirée. Les membres de l’équipage ont été arrêtés.

      « Les ports ont été et restent FERMES ». C’est par un message lapidaire posté sur Twitter que le dirigeant de La Ligue et ministre de l’intérieur italien Matteo Salvini a annoncé lundi 18 mars que l’Italie ne laisserait pas débarquer les migrants secourus par les ONG.


      Cet avertissement de Rome contre les ONG humanitaires intervient alors que le « Mare Jonio », affrété par le Collectif Mediterranea, aussi connu sous le nom de Mediterranea Saving Humans, venait de recueillir 49 migrants au large des côtes libyennes.
      Le Mare Jonio bloqué puis placé sous séquestre.

      Mardi 19 mars au matin, le navire humanitaire s’est positionné au large de Lampedusa, petite île italienne située entre l’île de Malte et la Tunisie, mais aussi dans la principale zone de passage des migrants en provenance des côtes libyennes. « En raison de conditions météo défavorables, il nous a été assigné un point d’ancrage à l’abri, à Lampedusa. Nous abriter était la priorité pour garantir la sécurité de toutes les personnes à bord », avait tweeté Mediterranea en fin d’après-midi.

      Le ministère italien de l’intérieur a annoncé, mardi 19 mars au soir, que « les douanes sont en train de procéder à la saisie du navire Mare Jonio », précisant que « les interrogatoires des membres d’équipage pourraient avoir lieu dans les prochaines heures ». Mercredi 20 mars, de fait, la justice italienne a confirmé le placement sous séquestre du Mare Jonio dans le cadre d’une enquête pour « aide à l’immigration clandestine ».

      Mediterranea, le soir même, a posté un message sur Twitter : « évidemment nous allons déposer un recours dans les prochains jours. Nous ne jouissons d’aucune immunité, mais nous sommes certains d’avoir agi dans le respect du droit et heureux d’avoir porté ces 49 personnes en lieu sûr ».
      Un accord Italie – Libye au détriment des droits de l’homme.

      Alors que Matteo Salvini menace de « sanctions » ceux qui « violent explicitement les règlementations (…) concernant les sauvetages », il ajoute au sujet du « Mare Jonio », « il ne s’agit pas d’une opération de sauvetage, c’est de l’aide à l’immigration clandestine ».

      Fidèle à sa ligne politique, le leader de La Ligue (extrême droite) a quasiment stoppé les arrivées de migrants, invoquant l’accord passé entre la Libye et l’Italie, signé le 2 février 2017, et soutenu par l’Europe, qui prévoit un soutien logistique et financier de l’Italie et de l’UE aux garde-côtes libyens, chargés d’assurer la surveillance en mer dans leurs eaux territoriales. En échange, ces derniers empêchent les personnes quittant la Libye de se rendre en Europe.

      Vincent Cochetel, envoyé spécial du Haut-Commissariat de l’ONU pour la Méditerranée centrale, a commenté sur Twitter que « le droit maritime est clair : la Libye n’est pas un lieu sûr (…). L’Italie et les autres pays méditerranéens, eux, le sont », légitimant ainsi le sauvetage des migrants par les ONG humanitaires.
      Le 16 novembre 2017, les pratiques d’esclavage en Libye sur des migrants originaires d’Afrique subsahariennes avaient été révélées au grand jour à la suite d’une vidéo publiée par la chaîne américaine CNN. « La Libye est un pays déchiré par la guerre et où les personnes réfugiées et migrantes sont régulièrement détenues dans des conditions terribles en violation de leurs droits humains les plus élémentaires », précise une lettre ouverte à l’attention du ministre de l’intérieur Français, Christophe Castaner, et signée par une trentaine d’ONG européennes.
      Quels navires humanitaires croisent encore en mer Méditerranée ?

      De janvier à juin 2018 l’espace humanitaire continue de se rétrécir en Méditerranée, explique pour sa part l’ONG SOS Méditerranée. « Les garde-côtes libyens sont de plus en plus présents et effectuent des interceptions dans les eaux internationales au large de la Libye, conséquence d’un transfert de responsabilités de plus en plus systématique du Centre de coordination des sauvetages italien vers les garde-côtes libyens ».

      La mise sous séquestre du « Mare Jonio » prive désormais un peu plus la Méditerranée d’aide humanitaire. D’autres embarcations européennes ont été empêchées de prendre la mer et de porter secours ces derniers mois : le « Juventa », le « Sea Watch », et l’« Aquarius ».

      Matteo Salvini dresse un bilan positif de son action. « Moins de départs, moins d’arrivées, moins de morts », martèle-t-il.

      L’Organisation Internationale pour les migrations (OIM) fait état de 152 morts et disparus en Méditerranée centrale depuis le début de l’année. Les chiffres sont par contre en augmentation au large de l’Espagne, devenue la principale porte d’entrée sur le continent.

      En 2018, toujours selon l’OIM, 144 166 personnes ont migré vers l’Europe : presque 4 000 de moins qu’en 2017. Le nombre de personnes mortes en tentant la traversée a également baissé, à 2 299. Il est toutefois proportionnellement plus élevé que les années précédentes.

      https://www.la-croix.com/Monde/Europe/Le-navire-humanitaire-Mare-Jonio-mis-sequestre-Italie-2019-03-21-120101032

      –-> commentaire de Emmanuel Blanchard, via la mailing-list Migreurop :

      Les rares journalistes français qui évoquent le Mare Jonio continuent de le présenter comme partie prenante d’un projet humanitaire. Le sauvetage en mer n’est pourtant qu’une des ambitions de cette coalition, soutenue par MIgreurop, qui a toujours défendu la dimension politique de son action. C’est également pour cela qu’elle est si durement attaquée par Salvini.

    • Hotspot di Lampedusa: si teme che i migranti della Mare Jonio siano detenuti arbitrariamente

      Le 50 persone soccorse dalla Mare Jonio e condotte all’Hotspot di Lampedusa il 19 sera sono da allora trattenute all’interno della struttura. ASGI chiede l’autorizzazione urgente all’ingresso nell’hotspot.

      Inviata il 20 mattina alla Prefettura e alla Questura di Agrigento una richiesta di informazioni circa la condizione dei cittadini stranieri presenti nell’hotspot. Ad oggi non è stata ricevuta nessuna risposta.

      In particolare nella richiesta inviata dall’ASGI, nell’ambito delle azioni promosse dal Progetto Inlimine, si richiedevano chiarimenti rispetto all’accesso alla protezione internazionale, alla tutela dei minori e all’eventuale privazione della libertà delle persone presenti.

      Di fatto i cittadini stranieri, nel corso di questi giorni, non hanno lasciato la struttura e l’ente gestore ha comunicato per via telefonica a In Limine che non sussistono meccanismi di regolamentazione in merito all’uscita e al rientro dalla struttura delle persone presenti. L’ente gestore ha infatti sostenuto che trattandosi di un Centro di primo soccorso e accoglienza i cittadini stranieri debbano essere trattenuti al suo interno.

      Questa situazione desta grandi preoccupazioni: l’hotspot è percepito dall’ente responsabile della sua gestione come un centro di detenzione e le autorità pubbliche responsabili sembrano assecondare tale visione. Il problema della detenzione illegittima all’interno dell’hotspot di Lampedusa era già stato sollevato dal Garante dei diritti dei detenuti in data 11 maggio 2017. In tale occasione il prefetto di Agrigento alla richiesta del perché non venisse permesso alle persone di uscire dal Centro aveva risposto “se vogliono possono uscire da un buco nella rete”. In seguito, nel febbraio del 2018 il Prefetto inviava una comunicazione all’allora ente gestore con l’indicazione di dotarsi di sistemi per consentire ai richiedenti asilo di circolare liberamente. A oltre un anno da tale comunicazione, tali sistemi non sono stati adottati.

      Di fronte a questa allarmante situazione ricordiamo che la libertà personale è un diritto inviolabile, in quanto tale tutelato dalla Costituzione (art. 13) nonché da norme di diritto internazionale, tra cui l’art. 5 della Convenzione Europea dei Diritti Umani. La privazione della libertà può avvenire solo sulla base di norme che ne disciplinino tassativamente casi e modi, deve essere disposta da provvedimenti scritti e motivati e deve essere convalidata dall’autorità giudiziaria competente. Nel caso dei cittadini stranieri presenti a Lampedusa ci troviamo potenzialmente di fronte a tre diverse situazioni:

      Il trattenimento nel corso delle procedure di identificazione. Tale forma di detenzione non è prevista da alcuna norma ed è quindi di per sé illegittima.

      Per quanto concerne la privazione della libertà dei richiedenti protezione internazionale all’interno dei centri hotspot questa è prevista dall’art. 6 del D.lgs. n. 142/2015, che stabilisce che il richiedente asilo può essere trattenuto solo in appositi locali, al fine di determinare o verificare l’identità o la cittadinanza e, in ogni caso, esclusivamente ove vi sia un provvedimento scritto emesso e notificato dall’autorità competente e convalidato dall’autorità giudiziaria.

      Per quanto riguarda i cittadini stranieri destinatari di provvedimenti di allontanamento l’unica eccezione al trattenimento presso i Centri per il rimpatrio è contenuta nell’art. 13, co. 5-bis, del Testo Unico sull’Immigrazione. Questo prevede che in caso di indisponibilità dei posti all’interno dei CPR tali cittadini possono essere trattenuti in strutture diverse e idonee nella disponibilità dell’Autorità di pubblica sicurezza solo dietro autorizzazione del giudice di pace e comunque non oltre le quarantotto ore successive all’udienza di convalida.

      In base a quanto visto sopra si ritiene che la detenzione cui sono sottoposti i 36 adulti, nel centro di Lampedusa potrebbe essere illegittima, sia nella sua fase iniziale – ovvero durante l’identificazione –sia nei momenti successivi, a meno che non siano stati emessi i provvedimenti di trattenimento e non vi sia stata la relativa convalida.

      Per quanto riguarda i minori, la situazione è evidentemente ancora più grave. Infatti, in nessun caso i minori non accompagnati possono essere trattenuti e devono essere accolti in “strutture governative di prima accoglienza a loro destinate” e, in caso di indisponibilità di posti in tali strutture, l’assistenza e l’accoglienza devono essere garantite dal Comune. Il trattenimento ovvero la permanenza dei minori nel centro hotspot è estremamente preoccupante in quanto illegittima e contraria al principio del superiore interesse del minore.

      Si invitano pertanto le autorità competenti a fornire nel minor tempo possibile informazioni sulla condizione delle persone soccorse dalla Mare Jonio, sulla messa in campo delle garanzie previste per gli eventuali trattenimenti e sulle misure adottate per l’immediato trasferimento dei minori. In data odierna è stata inviata richiesta di ingresso all’hotspot di una delegazione del progetto al fine di verificare l’effettivo rispetto dei diritti delle persone presenti.

      In ultimo, riteniamo sia indispensabile, dal punto di vista della società civile, prestare l’opportuna attenzione nei confronti delle procedure applicate alle 50 persone attualmente presenti a Lampedusa. Riteniamo, da questa prospettiva, che il tema del rispetto dei diritti e le potenziali frizioni tra diritto e prassi non si esauriscano con l’approdo e lo sbarco. Viceversa, è indispensabile continuare a mantenere alta la soglia dell’attenzione: va puntualmente garantito il rispetto dei diritti all’interno degli hotspot e nelle delicate fasi successive.

      https://www.asgi.it/asilo-e-protezione-internazionale/lampedusa-mare-jonio-detenzione-hotspot

    • Refugee Ships Are Trying To Call Them During Emergencies — But They Aren’t Answering

      Twenty-nine calls from BuzzFeed News to a variety of numbers meant to summon the Libyan coast guard to help for drowning refugees in the Mediterranean went completely unanswered.

      Four years after the refugee crisis first brought the horrors of the dangerous Mediterranean crossing to the world’s attention, hundreds of people continue to die each year hoping to reach Europe’s shores.

      Over the course of 2016, the European Union determined that the coast guard in Libya, from whose shores many refugee boats set off, would to be the first call for groups undertaking rescue missions in hopes of saving the lives of those adrift at sea. Since last June, the main international body that issues guidelines on rescues at sea has agreed — Libya has the lead in the Mediterranean.

      A BuzzFeed News investigation has found that five different phone numbers provided by Libyan officials as contact numbers for search and rescue missions are barely functioning, and when they do, the staffers manning the phones are unable to speak English, in violation of international law.

      A reporter from BuzzFeed News tried to reach these five numbers on three different days and at six different times in a total of 30 contact attempts. Of those, 29 failed because the call was not answered. Among the numbers where no one could be reached were the two numbers listed in the international database for emergencies at sea — the UN International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) Search and Rescue database. The IMO entry says that the Libyans should be available 24 hours a day.

      The failure to adequately man the phones can have dire consequences. In 2016, at the peak of the crisis, more than 3,800 people are estimated to have died when attempting to make the crossing into Europe. According to the UN, the route between Libya and Italy was the most deadly, with one death for every 47 arrivals. That number has fallen but still remains high: 2,262 people were estimated to have died on the voyage last year.

      In response to the surge in migrants and asylum-seekers, the European Union opted in 2016 to divert money and personnel from its own rescue missions to the Libyan coast guard, hoping to discourage migrants and asylum-seekers from making the trek in the first place. The program has been renewed several times since then, most recently in the form of a pledge of $52 million this January to pay for maritime surveillance equipment.

      The UN database also lists a Gmail address as an official contact for the Tripoli mission. There are three further email addresses available that BuzzFeed News was able to locate, which are supposed to represent official contacts to the Libyan coast guard. One is a second Gmail account; the other is an address that belongs to the Italian Navy. None of the addresses contacted responded to BuzzFeed News requests for comment.

      Other organizations have had little better luck contacting Tripoli. Sea-Watch, an NGO that provides search and rescue efforts in the Mediterranean, has also provided BuzzFeed News radio recordings of several attempts on different days to reach the Libyan coast guard.

      Sea-Watch also provided a list of recorded attempts to reach the Libyan coast guard from the bridge of the Sea-Watch 3, one of their rescue ships. The list of 15 calls show 10 failed contact attempts — in five other cases, the Libyan side simply hung up.

      Ruben Neugebauer, a crew member who also acts as spokesperson for Sea-Watch, told BuzzFeed News that the situation had become the new normal.

      “The accessibility of the JRCC Tripoli is more than poor, it happens again and again that the control center is not accessible at all,” he said, using the Libyan mission’s official name. “If it can be reached, often only the local Arabic dialect is spoken.”

      Under the terms of the 1979 International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue, which Libya has signed, all rescue coordination centers must be staffed around the clock and include staffers who speak English.

      Neugebauer recalled one case where a person on the Libyan end of the call could not communicate in English, French, or Egyptian Arabic: “Even though it was an emergency, the JRCC Tripoli employee simply hung up before we were able to share the most necessary information.”

      The operator’s lack of English language skills can also jeopardize the rescuers. Last November, a Libyan patrol boat intervened aggressively in an ongoing rescue mission. Five people died as a result.

      The Aquarius, a ship jointly operated by NGOs Doctors Without Borders and SOS Mediterranee, has noted in its public logbook almost 30 unsuccessful attempts to reach the Libyans during missions since June 2018 alone. Nine unsuccessful attempts to reach Libyan units on the radio channel reserved for emergency calls are also listed in the logbook.

      “For us, the JRCC Tripoli has never been reachable by phone so far,” Axel Steier, founder and chair of the NGO Mission Lifeline, told BuzzFeed News in an email. “Emails are answered after days.” BuzzFeed News asked Steier to estimate how often the Libyan authorities were available in cases of distress at sea in which Mission Lifeline’s rescue vessel was involved. His answer: “Zero percent.”

      Ina Fisher, a spokesperson for Alarm Phone, another NGO focused on rescues, told BuzzFeed News that in only two cases did phone calls placed to numbers meant to belong to the Libyan coast guard actually get answered. One number turned out to belong not to the coast guard but a retired general, she said. In the other call, the voice on the other end of the line said they could not help but did ask if they’d managed to save the boat in question.

      “We regularly send complaints to MRCC Rome about the JRCC’s inaccessibility, but again and again get the answer that the JRCC is working well,” Fisher said.

      “According to our experience, in case of SAR events involving our assets, the communication with the relevant MRCC, including the Libyan one, has been satisfactory,” Antonello de Renzis Sonnino, a captain in the Italian Navy and spokesperson for Operation Sophia, the EU’s international rescue mission, said in response to a BuzzFeed News request for comment.

      Last year, Italian and Maltese ports began refusing ships with refugees on board permission to enter their harbors, leaving ships to wait for days with refugees on board on the Mediterranean Sea. As a result, civilian sea rescuers have given up on contacting the rescue coordination center based in Rome and switched over to contacting the German Maritime Search and Rescue Association during emergencies in the Mediterranean, hoping to enlist them to contact the Libyans. The Germans, based out of the city of Bremen, are responsible for maritime search and rescue operations in the North and Baltic seas.

      Even they don’t always manage to reach the Libyan coast guard. Christian Stipeldey, the German rescue association’s press officer, confirmed to BuzzFeed News: “In January 2019 we tried to reach Tripoli by telephone in one case. The connection was not established.” The mission in Rome “was already aware of this case,” Stipeldey said.

      A spokesperson for the International Maritime Organization told BuzzFeed News that they were not in a position to comment on the reporting gathered for this article, adding that the IMO has no mandate to investigate the accessibility and reliability of regional command centers. A member state of the IMO could make such a request, however.

      The German Federal Ministry of Transport is considering putting the work of the Libyan coast guard on the agenda at the next meeting of the IMO’s subcommittee responsible for sea rescues, the ministry confirmed to BuzzFeed News. The ministry also said that in talks with Libyan representatives, it has regularly demanded that the protection of refugees in sea rescue be guaranteed.

      “You must appreciate that not every State can execute this function properly, especially if it has been under turmoil, like Libya,” George Theocharidis, a professor of maritime law and policy at World Maritime University in Sweden, told BuzzFeed News. “On the other hand, as every State has sovereignty, it is not possible to enforce those duties and it is left to the goodwill of States to perform what is required from them,” he added, noting that even the IMO can’t force a country to comply with the standards.

      BuzzFeed News has also asked the European External Action Service, the responsible EU commissioner, for comment on the Libyans’ inaccessibility. It has not provided a response at this time.

      Despite widespread knowledge of the problem, the confusion has not improved in recent months. A screenshot of an internal Sea-Watch chat provided to BuzzFeed News shows one crew member attempting to get in touch with the Libyans as recently as March 15. They were subsequently provided with a new phone number and instructed to speak very slowly.

      When someone actually answered the phone, the chat reads, “it was a Russian-sounding man replying, saying in English that he didn’t speak English, only Russian.

      “To my question, if anyone there spoke English, he replied, ‘Afternoon, English!’”

      https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/marcusengert/libya-coast-guard-not-answering-emergency-refugee-rescue-cal

    • Rescued migrants hijack merchant ship off Libya

      Migrants have hijacked a merchant ship which rescued them off the coast of Libya and it is now heading towards Malta, Italian Deputy Prime Minister Matteo Salvini and Maltese authorities said on Wednesday.

      The 108 migrants were picked up by the cargo ship #Elhiblu_1 and hijacked the vessel when it became clear that it planned to take them back to Libya, according to the website of Italian daily Corriere della Sera and Italian news agencies.

      “These are not migrants in distress, they are pirates, they will only see Italy through a telescope,” said Salvini, who has cracked down on illegal immigration, including closing Italy’s ports to charity ships, since he took office in June last year.

      A spokeswoman for Malta’s armed forces confirmed the ship had been hijacked and said Maltese authorities were monitoring its progress and it would not be allowed to dock in Malta.

      “This is clearly a case of organized crime,” Salvini said on Facebook. “Our ports remain closed.”

      Salvini, the leader of the right-wing League party, has been at the center of several international stand-offs over his refusal to let humanitarian ships dock in Italy.

      This month parliament rejected a request by prosecutors to investigate him for kidnapping over a case in August when he blocked an Italian coastguard ship with 150 migrants aboard for almost a week off Sicily before finally letting it dock.

      https://www.reuters.com/article/us-europe-migrants-hijacking/rescued-migrants-hijack-merchant-ship-off-libya-idUSKCN1R81YF?feedType=RSS&

    • Un pétrolier, détourné par les migrants secourus, arrive à Malte

      Le pétrolier ravitailleur #Elhiblu 1, détourné par des migrants qu’il avait secourus mais qui ne voulaient pas être reconduits en Libye, est arrivé jeudi à Malte. Un commando de la marine maltaise en a repris le contrôle dans la nuit.

      Ce navire de 52 mètres qui bat pavillon de Palau avait secouru mardi au large de la Libye 108 migrants, dont 31 femmes ou enfants, à bord de deux canots en détresse, signalés par un avion militaire européen. Mais alors qu’il s’approchait de Tripoli pour les débarquer mercredi, il a subitement fait demi-tour et mis le cap au nord.

      Le ministre italien de l’Intérieur, Matteo Salvini, a immédiatement prévenu que le navire ne serait pas autorisé à pénétrer dans les eaux italiennes.

      Or, l’Elhiblu 1 faisait route vers Malte, où la marine a pu entrer en contact avec le capitaine alors que le navire était à 30 milles des côtes.

      Le contrôle « rendu au capitaine »

      Le capitaine a répété plusieurs fois qu’il n’avait plus le contrôle du navire et que lui-même et son équipage étaient forcés et menacés par un certain nombre de migrants exigeant qu’il fasse route vers Malte", a ajouté la marine dans un communiqué.

      Un patrouilleur a empêché le pétrolier de pénétrer dans les eaux territoriales de Malte et un commando des forces spéciales, soutenu par plusieurs navires de la marine et un hélicoptère, a été dépêché à bord « pour rendre le contrôle du bateau au capitaine ».

      Escorté par la marine maltaise, le navire est arrivé tôt ce matin dans le port de La Valette, où l’équipage et les migrants doivent être confiés à la police pour déterminer ce qui s’est passé et les responsabilités.


      https://www.rts.ch/info/monde/10324359-un-petrolier-detourne-par-les-migrants-secourus-arrive-a-malte.html

    • #IOM: Libya isn’t a safe haven for immigrants

      The International Organization for Migration (IOM) said Libya cannot yet be considered a safe port, saying it is present at the disembarkation points to deliver primary assistance to migrants that have been rescued at sea.

      In a statement on Tuesday, IOM added that following the migrants’ disembarkation, they are transferred to detention centres under the responsibility of the Libyan Directorate for Combatting Illegal Migration (DCIM) over which the Organization has no authority or oversight.

      “The detention of men, women and children is arbitrary. The unacceptable and inhumane conditions in these detention centres are well documented, and IOM continues to call for alternative solutions to this systematic detention.” The statement remarks.

      It indicates that the number of migrants returned to Libyan shores has reached over 16,000 since January 2018, and concern remains for their safety and security in Libya, due to the conditions in the detention centres.

      “IOM only has access to centres to provide direct humanitarian assistance in the form of non-food items, health and protection assistance, as well as Voluntary Humanitarian Return support for migrants wishing to return to their countries of origin.” It explained.

      The IOM also clarified that its access to detention centres in Libya is part of the efforts to alleviate the suffering of migrants but cannot guarantee their safety and protection from serious reported violations.

      It said it advocates for alternatives to detention including open centres and safe spaces for women, children and other vulnerable migrants.

      “A change of policy is needed urgently as migrants returned to Libya should not be facing arbitrary detention.” The statement reads.

      IOM further explained that security and humanitarian situations in Libya remain dangerous, and reiterated that Libya cannot be considered a safe port or haven for migrants.

      https://www.libyaobserver.ly/news/iom-libya-isnt-safe-haven-immigrants
      #Libye #ports_sûrs #port_sûr #asile #migrations #réfugiés #IOM #OIM

    • Refugee rescue ship running out of food and water with 64 on board as European countries argue over who should let it dock

      A newborn baby, five children and 20 women are among those on board the stranded vessel.
      A ship carrying 64 refugees is stranded at sea and running out of food and drinking water while European countries refuse to let it dock.

      The Alan Kurdi is a private rescue ship owned by Sea-Eye, a German NGO.

      The group on the vessel includes 20 women, five children and one newborn baby, according to a spokesperson for Sea-Eye.

      Staff on board rescued the group of refugees from a rubber dinghy near the Libyan coast last week and asked Italy and Malta, the two nearest countries, to open a port so the ship could dock.

      But both countries refuse to accept humanitarian ships that patrol the Mediterranean to rescue refugees.

      The Alan Kurdi has now spent six days at sea as European countries argue over who should accept the vessel.

      Matteo Salvini, Italy’s anti-immigration deputy prime minister, said the rescue ship was not welcome in the country.

      “A ship with a German flag, German NGO, German ship owner, captain from Hamburg. It responded in Libyan waters and asks for a safe port,” he said.

      “Good, go to Hamburg.”

      As supplies on the vessel run low, the European Union (EU) has entered discussions with its member states.

      On Tuesday, Sea-Eye said it had informed Malta, which is nearest to the boat, about the scarcity of food on board.

      Dominik Reisinger, a spokesperson for the organisation, said the “political question about the distribution of those rescued ... overshadows the human rights” of the refugees.

      The vessel’s difficulties come after the aid organisation Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) ended its refugee rescue missions in the area.

      In December 2018, the group’s rescue vessel, Aquarius, was withdrawn from operations after what MSF alleged was a “sustained smear campaign” led by the Italian government.

      Operation Sophia, the EU’s maritime rescue mission, has also been downgraded, in a move that was condemned by rights groups and charities when it was announced in March 2019.

      The EU mission was credited with saving thousands of lives but no longer carries out maritime patrols in the Mediterranean, after Italy refused to receive the people rescued at sea.

      A spokesperson for Amnesty International described the decision as an “outrageous abdication of EU governments’ responsibilities”.

      The Alan Kurdi is named after the three-year-old boy whose body was found on a beach in Turkey in September 2015 at the height of the refugee crisis.

      https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/refugee-rescue-ship-sea-eye-boat-eu-countries-refusing-to-let-it-dock

    • Avril 2019

      #Alarmphone was called this morning at approx. 6am CEST by 20ppl, incl. women & children in distress off the coast of #Libya +++ They report that 8ppl have fallen into the sea and are missing. They lost their engine, water is coming into their boat. Authorities are informed.

      Avec un fil twitter sur l’évolution de la situation :
      https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1115945935601831940

      Fin de l’histoire : les Libyens sont intervenus et ont ramené les migrants en Libye...

      Li hanno ripresi i Libici. Il caso è chiuso. 15 ore senza interventi di soccorso. Governi europei, civilissime nazioni di grandi tradizioni e valori, sono riusciti a riconsegnare ai lager in una zona di guerra da cui scappavano, donne uomini bambini. Crimine e vergogna infinita.

      https://twitter.com/RescueMed/status/1116054434742714368

      Tweet de #sea_watch :

      While today 8 people already drowned, 20 others are alive but abandoned in distress. Meanwhile the Dutch gov. keeps our ship blocked with random policy changes. #SeaWatch 3 could be there to save lives now, but that doesn’t fit the European migration policy of letting drown.

      https://twitter.com/seawatch_intl/status/1115955541099057152

    • #Castaner persiste sur des « interactions » entre ONG et passeurs en Méditerranée

      Après avoir affirmé que les ONG « ont pu se faire complices des passeurs » en Méditerranée, Christophe Castaner a tenté une mise au point mardi, dégainant deux « rapports de Frontex » censés démontrer des « interactions ». Emmanuel Macron lui-même juge que des humanitaires font « le jeu des passeurs ».

      https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/international/100419/castaner-persiste-sur-des-interactions-entre-ong-et-passeurs-en-mediterran

    • La Mare Jonio torna a navigare. Siamo tutti coinvolti

      In questo momento il rimorchiatore Mare Jonio e la barca a vela d’appoggio Alex stanno solcando il mare in direzione del Mediterraneo Centrale, la rotta migratoria più mortifera a livello globale. «Torniamo a navigare ancora una volta decisi a rispettare fino in fondo il diritto internazionale del mare, i diritti umani e i principi della nostra Costituzione – hanno scritto ieri gli attivisti sul profilo facebook della missione – Ringraziamo le migliaia e migliaia di persone diventate in questi mesi Mediterranea. È solo grazie al loro supporto che possiamo farlo».

      La Mare Jonio era ferma dal 19 marzo scorso, quando tornò in Italia con a bordo 49 naufraghi salvati dalla morte o dal ritorno nell’inferno libico. Dopo l’apertura di indagini per favoreggiamento dell’immigrazione clandestina, il rimorchiatore era stato sottoposto a qualche giorno di sequestro probatorio presto revocato dalla procura di Agrigento. La nuova missione parte con la benedizione dell’arcivescovo di Palermo Corrado Lorefice che lunedì scorso ha incontrato Luca Casarini, capomissione di Mediterranea, affermando pubblicamente di essere dalla parte di chi salva esseri umani.

      Ieri sera, invece, è stato pubblicato un comunicato congiunto degli equipaggi di Sea-Watch, Open Arms, Mediterranea Saving Humans, Sea-Eye, Alarm Phone, Seebrücke sulla vicenda che ha riguardato la nave Alan Kurdi. L’imbarcazione della ong Sea-Eye aveva salvato 64 persone il 3 aprile scorso. Solo ieri i naufraghi sono stati prelevati e fatti sbarcare dalle motovedette militari maltesi. L’attracco della nave nel porto di La Valletta, invece, non è stato autorizzato. I profughi saranno ora «redistribuiti» tra Germania, Francia, Portogallo e Lussemburgo.

      «I negoziati intergovernativi portati avanti mentre le persone soccorse erano costrette a rimanere in condizioni non sicure in alto mare per oltre dieci giorni – recita il comunicato congiunto – sono pratiche illegittime e insostenibili che violano il diritto internazionale, i principi fondamentali dei diritti umani e non rispettano la dignità delle persone salvate». «Per noi, la società civile impegnata nel Mediterraneo centrale – continua il testo – la dignità e i diritti delle persone sono sempre una priorità assoluta e guidano tutte le nostre pratiche».

      La missione di Mediterranea iniziata questa mattina si inserisce in un nuovo contesto politico, segnato dalla rinnovata instabilità libica e dall’escalation militare che interessa Tripoli. Il conflitto tra le milizie di Haftar e quelle di Serraj, sostenuto dal governo italiano e dall’Unione Europea, hanno reso evidente a tutti, amesso che ancora ce ne fosse bisogno, che la Libia non è un «paese sicuro». Chi continua a ripeterlo diffonde fake news e menzogne che producono morte e legittimano l’inferno dei lager, delle violenze, degli stupri.

      A tutto questo bisogna reagire adesso. Mediterranea lo sta facendo. Lo stanno facendo gli equipaggi di mare, che hanno deciso di sfidare senza paura le aggressioni politiche e giudiziarie e i possibili comportamenti scomposti della cosiddetta «guardia costiera libica». Lo stanno facendo gli equipaggi di terra, che instancabilmente lavorano a livello economico, organizzativo e legale per rendere possibili le missioni. Dovrebbe farlo chiunque non accetta questa situazione, sostenendo come può la missione Mediterranea, che è completamente autofinanziata e ha urgente bisogno di nuovi fondi, ma anche preparandosi a mobilitarsi affinché nessuno resti solo, né in mare né in terra.

      https://www.dinamopress.it/news/la-mare-jonio-torna-navigare-tutti-coinvolti

    • Nella direttiva contro Mare Jonio solo propaganda. Il Viminale rispetti i diritti umani

      Apprendiamo che il Viminale ha dedicato, nella sua intensa attività di produzione di “direttive ad navem”, una nuova direttiva interamente dedicata alla nostra nave, Mare Jonio, salpata per la seconda missione del 2019 il 14 aprile scorso.

      La direttiva appare scritta come se il Governo vivesse in un mondo parallelo. Nessun accenno alla guerra che infiamma la Libia e ai corrispettivi obblighi internazionali né alle migliaia e migliaia di persone torturate negli ultimi anni in quel Paese né a quelle annegate nel Mediterraneo centrale (in proporzione in numero sempre crescente, 2.100 nel solo 2018). Forse dovrebbero parlarsi tra Ministeri: la Ministra della Difesa italiana ha appena affermato infatti che “con la guerra non avremmo migranti ma rifugiati e i rifugiati si accolgono”.

      Nelle considerazioni introduttive della direttiva in questione, si leggono una serie di slogan di propaganda, oltre che un elenco di bugie, peraltro relative a eventi al momento sotto l’attenzione della Procura di Agrigento nel corso dell’indagine che ci riguarda e che abbiamo accolto offrendo tutta la nostra collaborazione. Sappiamo infatti di avere sempre rispettato i diritti e il diritto, cosa che i governi europei, e il nostro in particolare, dovrebbero cominciare a fare in relazione a quanto avviene nel Mediterraneo Centrale.

      La direttiva dice che la nostra presenza in mare sarebbe un incentivo per chi lascia la Libia: bisognerebbe appunto ricordare al Viminale che in Libia c’è una guerra, e che in ogni caso, come l’ONU e l’UE non perdono occasione di ricordare, quel paese non è mai stato un porto sicuro, ma piuttosto il teatro di “indicibili orrori”, stupri quotidiani, torture, esecuzioni sommarie per tutti i migranti, inclusi i bambini.

      La direttiva dice che rischiamo di favorire l’ingresso di pericolosi terroristi. Auspichiamo che, una volta sbarcate nel porto più sicuro le persone eventualmente soccorse, questo governo sia in grado di effettuare tutte le indagini necessarie a garantire la sicurezza pubblica, ricordando però che i terroristi solitamente non viaggiano su barche che in un caso su tre affondano, ma che hanno ben altri mezzi per spostarsi.

      La direttiva dice che avremmo rifiutato il coordinamento SAR di autorità straniere legittimamente responsabili. Ricordiamo che nel nostro soccorso avvenuto il 18 marzo, nessuna autorità ci ha ordinato alcunché, se non di stare lontani 8 miglia da un punto dal quale siamo rimasti ben più distanti per tutto il tempo. In ogni caso, ci auguriamo che la direttiva non faccia riferimento all’autorità libica, poiché in questo caso, si tratterebbe di una istigazione a delinquere: se già in precedenza era un reato riportare in Libia le persone soccorse, oggi, con la guerra in corso, è un’affermazione semplicemente criminale.

      La cosiddetta guardia costiera libica, su delega e finanziamenti italiani, ha catturato per anni le persone in mare riportandole in quell’inferno e rimettendole in mano ai trafficanti, contrastati di fatto solo dalla presenza delle navi della società civile, le uniche a strappare le persone soccorse dalle mafie criminali. Sempre in relazione all’evento del 18 marzo, contrariamente alle menzogne riportate dalla direttiva, ricordiamo di avere fatto rotta verso l’Italia, obbedendo linearmente a quanto previsto dal diritto internazionale, in quanto Lampedusa era il porto sicuro più vicino per i naufraghi soccorsi.

      La direttiva ci accusa infine di volere condurre nuovamente le stesse attività: lo confermiamo. Siamo di nuovo nel Mediterraneo, grazie alle tantissime realtà e persone che ci sostengono, per continuare nella nostra missione di monitoraggio e denuncia della violazione dei diritti umani, senza sottrarci mai all’obbligo giuridico ed etico di salvare le vite in pericolo e portarle in salvo.

      Ci atterremo, nel farlo, esattamente come chiede la direttiva, alle vigenti norme nazionali e internazionali, cosa che implica l’impossibilità di fare alcun riferimento alla Libia, certi che anche l’illegittimità della sua zona SAR sarà presto definitivamente riconosciuta.

      Diffidiamo altresì chiunque, e nella fattispecie il Ministro dell’Interno italiano, dal mettere in atto comportamenti che violino le leggi nazionali ed internazionali in materia di rispetto dei diritti umani e di obbligo di salvataggio in mare.

      https://mediterranearescue.org/news/nella-direttiva-contro-mare-jonio-solo-propaganda-il-viminale-ri

    • Pourquoi l’extrême-droite européenne a quasiment réussi à faire interdire les sauvetages de réfugiés en Méditerranée

      Des navires comme l’Aquarius ou le Sea Watch, affrétés par des associations, ont sauvé des dizaines de milliers de vies en Méditerranée. Mais depuis deux ans, les autorités italiennes et européennes ont multiplié les entraves. L’Italie leur a fermé ses ports depuis l’arrivée au pouvoir de Matteo Salvini et de son parti d’extrême droite. Il n’est pas le seul à harceler les sauveteurs. Des bateaux sont saisis ou bloqués à Malte, en Espagne, leurs équipages sont menacés de poursuites. Et ce, dans l’indifférence des autres gouvernements européens. Les réfugiés, eux, continuent de mourir ou sont interceptés par les garde-côtes libyens. Bilan d’un naufrage européen.

      Quand une majorité d’électeurs français ont élu Emmanuel Macron contre Marine Le Pen en mai 2017, ils ne pensaient probablement pas que l’un de ses futurs ministres de l’Intérieur tiendrait le même discours que la candidate du FN et le reste de l’extrême droite européenne. C’est pourtant ce qui est arrivé le 5 avril. En marge du G7 des ministres de l’Intérieur, Christophe Castaner a déclaré que les ONG qui secourent des embarcations de migrants en péril en Méditerranée ont « pu se faire complices des passeurs ». C’est exactement l’argumentaire utilisé par Marine Le Pen un an plus tôt [1] en échos aux déclarations du ministre d’extrême-droite italien Matteo Salvini. Depuis que celui-ci est au pouvoir, les entraves mises aux organisations de sauvetage en mer ont redoublé.

      En juin 2018, dès la formation du gouvernement de coalition entre la Ligue du Nord (extrême-droite) et le Mouvement 5 Étoiles (M5S), Matteo Salvini décide de fermer les ports italiens aux bateaux des organisations non-gouvernementales de sauvetage. L’Italie refuse alors le droit d’accoster à l’Aquarius, affrété par l’ONG française SOS Méditerranée, et au Lifeline, d’une association allemande, alors qu’ils ont recueilli à bord des dizaines de réfugiés. « Normalement, selon le droit maritime, les gouvernements ne peuvent pas fermer leurs ports à des embarcations », déplore une activiste française de l’ONG allemande Sea Watch, qui souhaite garder l’anonymat. Mais les autorités italiennes cherchent tous les prétextes possibles pour le faire.
      Des accusations de collusion avec les passeurs, sans aucune preuve

      Sur le front juridique, les attaques contre les ONG ont commencé depuis deux ans. Au printemps 2017, le procureur de Catane, en Sicile, déclare soupçonner une collaboration entre des organisations de sauvetage et des trafiquants d’êtres humains. Sans aucun élément de preuves, l’affaire s’est finalement dégonflée. Les menaces de poursuites judiciaires et de mises sous séquestre des navires se sont cependant poursuivies. En août 2017, le parquet de Trapani, toujours en Sicile, saisit le navire Luventa de l’ONG allemande Jugend Rettet. Raison invoquée : soupçon de collaboration avec des passeurs lors de trois opérations de sauvetage en 2016 et 2017 (voir le travail d’enquête qu’a réalisé à ce sujet le collectif de recherche Forensic Architecture, basé à l’université Goldsmiths de Londres). L’ONG avait refusé, avec d’autres, de signer le « code de conduite » que les autorités italiennes voulaient leur imposer. Le texte leur demandait notamment de s’engager à ne pas entrer dans les eaux territoriales libyennes.

      « Notre navire se trouve en saisie préventive, fait savoir à Basta ! le président de Jugend Rettet, Julian Pahlke. La saisie peut être effectuée sans qu’aucune procédure judiciaire ne soit lancée. Elle est couverte par un paragraphe de loi anti-mafia ». Les autorités italiennes ont mis sous séquestre le navire de l’ONG allemande depuis plus d’un an et demi sans même qu’une procédure judiciaire ne soit ouverte ni contre l’ONG, ni contre ses membres. « Nous sommes allés jusqu’à la plus haute instance juridique italienne pour contester cette saisie », poursuit le jeune homme. En vain. L’ONG dit aujourd’hui préparer une plainte devant la Cour européenne des droits humains pour pouvoir récupérer son bateau.
      Des navires saisis ou bloqués de manière arbitraire, sans procédure judiciaire

      En mars 2018, c’est le navire de l’organisation espagnole Open Arms qui est placé sous séquestre par les autorités italiennes. Le procureur de Catane leur reproche d’avoir refusé de remettre aux garde-côtes libyens plus de 200 réfugiés secourus en mer. Une enquête pour organisation criminelle d’aide à l’immigration illégale est alors ouverte contre le capitaine du navire, le coordinateur et le directeur de l’ONG. Quelques mois plus tard, en novembre, la justice italienne déclare soupçonner l’Aquarius de traitement illégal de déchets toxiques. La menace d’un placement sous séquestre plane, mais l’accusation ne tient pas. La même année, le bateau de SOS Méditerranée reste coincé pendant des semaines dans le port de Marseille parce qu’il vient de perdre son pavillon, le pays de rattachement du bateau. Le Panama lui retiré l’immatriculation suite à une plainte de l’Italie. Juste avant, Gibraltar avait fait de même. Résultat : entre fin septembre et fin novembre 2018, plus aucun bateau d’ONG de sauvetage n’était présent au large de la Libye.

      Tout récemment encore, début février 2019, le parquet de Catane a bloqué plusieurs jours l’un des navires humanitaires de Sea Watch. Il venait de débarquer avec 47 réfugiés secourus au large des côtes libyennes, après avoir été coincés des jours sur le bateau au large, parce que Salvini leur refusait l’accès au port. Le ministre menace aussi l’ONG de poursuites en justice. Le parquet a finalement considéré qu’aucun délit n’a été commis par l’ONG, mais ordonne des vérifications techniques, ce qui immobilise le navire. Sea Watch a dénoncé un blocage politique injustifié. Puis, c’est le Mare Jonio, affrété par le collectif d’activistes italiens Mediterranea, qui est saisi pendant huit jours, mi-mars, au port de Lampedusa. Il venait de secourir 49 personnes.
      « Une preuve accablante que certains États abusent de leurs pouvoirs »

      Le zèle des autorités italiennes pour bloquer les navires inspire aussi d’autres pays. Sea Watch rencontre des difficultés avec les Pays-Bas, le pavillon sous lequel ses bateaux naviguent. Après des travaux d’entretien, les autorités néerlandaises ont empêché leur bateau Sea Watch 3 de retourner en zone de sauvetage. « Jusqu’à ce que le gouvernement néerlandais soit sûr que nous nous conformions aux exigences techniques d’un nouveau règlement, Sea Watch est obligé de suspendre ses missions et sera probablement soumis à une nouvelle série d’inspections grotesques », a réagi l’ONG dans un communiqué. Les Pays-Bas invoquent des préoccupations pour la sécurité des personnes secourues si le navire doit rester longtemps en mer, faute de port prêt à les accueillir, comme cela arrive de plus en plus souvent.

      « Nous ne pouvons être tenus responsables de l’état actuel des blocages prolongés et inhumains en mer. Au contraire, cette situation est une preuve accablante que certains États européens abusent de leurs pouvoirs », répond Sea Watch. Pour elle, les Pays-Bas, derrière des prétextes techniques, cherchent à empêcher les opérations de sauvetage en inventant « de nouveaux moyens pour contrôler les navires d’ONG dans le contexte de la politique migratoire ».

      Une troisième ONG allemande, celle qui affrète le bateau Lifeline, a fait l’objet d’un long procès à Malte. En juillet 2018, les autorités maltaises ont laissé accoster le Lifeline avec plus de 200 personnes réfugiées, après une semaine d’errance en Méditerranée. Puis, Malte a mis le navire sous séquestre et engagé un procès contre le capitaine. L’accusation ? Ne pas avoir correctement enregistré le bateau. Le jugement doit finalement être rendu le 14 mai prochain. En Espagne aussi, les conditions se durcissent. En janvier, les autorités maritimes espagnoles ont refusé au navire d’Open Arms de repartir en mer. Il venait d’accoster dans un port du sud de l’Espagne avec plus de 300 réfugiés fin décembre.
      Renvoyer les embarcations vers la Libye

      « Des barrières se mettent en place à tous les niveaux pour qu’on ne puisse plus retourner dans la zone de sauvetage dans les eaux libyennes », analyse l’activiste française de Sea Watch. Depuis juin 2018, la Libye dispose de son propre Centre régional opérationnel de surveillance et de sauvetage en mer (Cross), un centre de coordination pour les sauvetages maritimes. La mise en place d’un tel centre sur le sol libyen fait partie du plan de la Commission européenne de 2017 pour réduire les flux migratoires en Méditerranée [2]. « La zone de sauvetage où nous naviguons est un carré au nord de Tripoli, vers lequel les courants et les vents emmènent les embarcations qui partent de la capitale libyenne. Avant, le Cross dont dépendait cette zone de navigation était Rome. Nous avions l’obligation de diriger les embarcations en difficulté vers les ports les plus proches du Cross de Rome, donc des ports italiens ou maltais. »

      Avec la création d’un Cross à Tripoli, les embarcations peuvent être renvoyées vers la Libye. Alors même que, depuis début avril, des combats se déroulent, aux abords de Tripoli, entre les forces de l’Armée nationale libyenne autoproclamée du général Haftar, et les milices alliées au gouvernement reconnu par la communauté internationale. « Certains affrontements ont lieu également à proximité des centres de rétention des services de l’immigration à Qasr Ben Gashir et Ain Zara, où quelque 1300 personnes réfugiées et migrantes sont actuellement détenues », rappelle Amnesty International le 8 avril.
      80 000 personnes sauvées en deux ans

      En 2017, l’Union européenne a alloué 46 millions d’euros d’aide aux gardes-frontières et gardes-côtes libyens. En février, la France leur a même offert des navires [3]. L’objectif de ces généreux dons est de maintenir les migrants de l’autre côté de la Méditerranée. Pourtant, un rapport de l’Onu avertissait encore fin 2018 des « horreurs inimaginables » auxquelles sont confrontés les personnes migrantes en Libye. En novembre 2017, un documentaire de CNN montrait comment des migrants y étaient vendus comme esclaves.

      La politique italienne et européenne semble avoir pour priorité d’empêcher les personnes d’arriver sur le sol européen, quel qu’en soit le prix en termes de violation des droits humains, de conséquences humanitaires, et de morts. En 2018, plus de 2200 personnes ont péri en tentant la traversée entre la Libye et l’Italie, mais aussi entre le Maroc et l’Espagne. Au moins 350 sont morts depuis janvier (selon les chiffre du Haut commissariat aux réfugiés de l’Onu, ici). Fin mars, l’Union européenne a décidé de retirer ses bateaux de l’opération Sophia des eaux méditerranéennes (des navires militaires français, italiens, allemands, espagnols ou belges placés sous commandement franco-italien). Même si ce n’était pas leur mission principale – qui était de lutter contre les passeurs –, ces navires avaient secouru environ 45 000 personnes depuis 2015. Sur la seule période allant de 2015 à avril 2017, les différentes ONG de sauvetage en Méditerranée ont de leur côté sauvé plus de 80 000 personnes (voir notre article et ce rapport d’Amnesty de juillet 2017).
      « Nous n’avons plus de bateaux en mer pour le moment »

      « Nous n’avons plus de bateau en mer pour le moment », signale l’activiste de Sea Watch. SOS Méditerranée, qui est à la recherche d’un nouveau navire, non plus. Le Lifeline est toujours bloqué à Malte, le navire de Jugend Rettet en Italie, et celui d’Open Arms en Espagne. Le Mare Jonio opère toujours. Et le navire Alan Kurdi de Sea Eye, une autre organisation allemande, a secouru le 4 avril 64 personnes au large de la Libye. Le gouvernement italien a déclaré qu’il ne le laisserait pas accoster. Il a fallu dix jours, et deux évacuations pour urgences médicales, pour que Malte laisse enfin le Alan Kurdi accoster. La France et l’Allemagne se sont engagés à accueillir une partie des 64 réfugiés.

      Toute l’Italie n’est pas sur la ligne de Salvini. Des maires de gauche s’opposent publiquement à cette politique de fermeture des ports et au décret adopté en novembre qui ampute les droits des exilés. En mars, une manifestation antiraciste a réuni 200 000 personnes dans les rues de Milan. La justice italienne a même ouvert une enquête contre Salvini pour séquestration, pour les 46 réfugiés du Sea Watch à qui il avait refusé le droit de débarquer fin janvier. C’est la deuxième enquête de ce type lancée contre le ministre. La première avait été bloquée par le Sénat italien. En Allemagne, des dizaines de villes se sont déclarées « ports sûrs » ces derniers mois à l’appel de l’association Seebrücke. Ces communes se sont engagées à accueillir des personnes secourues en Méditerranée ou à soutenir les ONG de sauvetage.

      https://www.bastamag.net/Pourquoi-l-extreme-droite-europeenne-a-quasiment-reussi-a-faire-interdire-

    • Migranti sono in pericolo di vita, ma soccorritori italiani e libici non si capiscono: le intercettazioni

      Alle 13.25 del 17 marzo scorso arriva a Tripoli una chiamata dal coordinamento di Roma che deve «girare» ai colleghi libici l’sos del gommone in avaria con a bordo 48 migranti in imminente pericolo di vita. Per la legge, al centralino di Tripoli dovrebbe rispondere 24 ore al giorno un ufficiale della guardia costiera locale in grado di parlare l’inglese. Gli italiani impiegheranno quasi due minuti a trovare l’ufficiale e quasi un quarto d’ora a comunicare – chiamando poi un interprete arabo - le coordinate del gommone.

      https://video.repubblica.it/dossier/migranti-2019/migranti-sono-in-pericolo-di-vita-ma-soccorritori-italiani-e-libici-non-si-capiscono-le-intercettazioni/332460/333055
      #gardes-côtes_libyens #vidéo

    • « Salvini répète que les ports sont fermés, comment pourrait-il admettre qu’à #Lampedusa, les migrants arrivent toujours ? »

      Depuis l’été 2017, les arrivées depuis les côtes libyennes sont rarissimes mais la route traditionnelle entre la Tunisie et l’île italienne s’est rouverte, sur un mode plus « artisanal »

      Les deux navires orange et blancs de la « guardia di finanza » n’ont pas bougé de la nuit. Immobiles, ils mouillent toujours à l’entrée du petit port de Lampedusa, qui s’éveille mollement en ce premier jour du mois de mai.

      La lumière printanière est déjà là, mais les cohortes de touristes apportées par les compagnies charter ne sont pas encore arrivées. Bientôt les hôtels seront pleins, et cette île microscopique perdue au milieu de la Méditerranée, à moins de 150 km à l’est des côtes tunisiennes, sera complètement congestionnée. Mais pour quelques jours, les 5 000 habitants sont encore entre eux.

      Il a plu une bonne partie de la nuit, si bien que peu de bateaux sont partis en mer. Du coup, l’activité dans l’anse est particulièrement réduite. A quai, les pêcheurs s’affairent en silence. A vrai dire, rien ne laisserait paraître qu’il s’est passé quelque chose de particulier dans la nuit. Et pourtant…

      A quelques centaines de mètres de là, au pied de la mairie – un bloc de béton sans charme particulier, qui fait figure de centre du bourg –, une petite centaine d’habitants préparent les cérémonies de la fête des travailleurs, tandis qu’une mauvaise sono crache en boucle, à plein volume, des standards de la pop italienne des années 1970-1980. Air un peu fermé, teint buriné et écharpe au vent, le maire de l’île, Salvatore (dit « Toto ») Martello, passe d’un petit groupe à l’autre, discutant avec chacun à voix basse.

      Il s’arrête près de nous et nous confie, comme s’il reprenait une conversation interrompue cinq minutes plus tôt : « On les cherchait partout et ils sont arrivés dans le port hier soir, un peu avant 23 heures, sous la pluie. Vingt personnes à bord, quinze hommes et cinq femmes. On les a immédiatement conduits au centre d’accueil, pour enregistrement ». « Ils », ce sont les migrants partis de Tunisie sur une barque de bois que, durant toute la journée précédente, les maigres moyens de secours subsistant dans la zone avaient recherché avec inquiétude.
      Une situation inconfortable

      On avait suivi leur équipée heure par heure, et, dans l’après-midi, on avait craint le pire pour les occupants de ce gros canot qui semblaient avoir été avalés par la mer. Les avions de reconnaissance avaient multiplié les manœuvres infructueuses, alors que le ciel menaçant compliquait de plus en plus les recherches. Et soudain, au milieu de la nuit, le canot est arrivé à bon port tout seul. Comme par miracle.

      « Vous avez l’air surpris, mais ce genre d’arrivée est très fréquent, assure le maire. Les côtes africaines sont juste à côté, le trajet depuis la Tunisie n’est pas si difficile et les Tunisiens connaissent bien la mer. Seulement, pour l’instant, le gouvernement fait tout pour qu’on n’en parle pas. Vu que [le ministre de l’intérieur] Matteo Salvini répète partout que les ports sont fermés, comment pourrait-il admettre qu’ici, les migrants arrivent toujours ? »

      Natif de l’île et figure historique de la gauche locale, Toto Martello a été réélu à la mairie de Lampedusa – il avait déjà occupé le poste de 1993 à 2002 –, à l’été 2017, après la défaite retentissante de la sortante, Giusi Nicolini, dont l’aura de pasionaria des droits des migrants avait fini par irriter une partie de la population de l’île. Moins militant que ne l’était sa devancière, il reste partisan de l’ouverture des ports, et de l’assistance aux personnes perdues en mer – comment pourrait-il en être autrement quand on est fils de pêcheurs ?

      Aussi l’arrivée au ministère de l’intérieur du dirigeant de la Ligue, Matteo Salvini, en juin 2018 a-t-il placé l’île tout entière dans une situation inconfortable.

      « Mes rapports avec la région Sicile, à laquelle Lampedusa est rattachée, sont très bons. Quand je suis allé à Bruxelles, il y a quelques mois, j’ai été reçu par le président du Parlement Antonio Tajani, le commissaire européen aux migrations Dimitris Avramopoulos et aussi des membres du staff de Federica Mogherini [à la tête de la diplomatie européenne],énumère Toto Martello. Mais quand j’écris au ministère de l’intérieur, il ne répond pas, il n’accuse même pas réception. Comme Salvini ne peut pas changer la situation à Lampedusa, il cherche à nous faire disparaître. Il veut qu’on nous oublie. »
      « Bateaux mères »

      Certes, en comparaison des années précédentes, la pression migratoire à Lampedusa a considérablement décru.

      « Quand je suis arrivé sur l’île, en 2015, il y avait eu 23 000 arrivées enregistrées. En 2016 on était passé à 13 000, puis 9 500 et 2017 et finalement 3 500 en 2018. Le début de l’année a été marqué par une mer très difficile, si bien que le chiffre des arrivées doit être très bas, mais il n’est pas vraiment significatif », explique Alberto Mallardo, représentant de l’ONG Mediterranean Hope, émanation des églises protestantes italiennes, très active sur l’île.
      « La porte de Lampedusa - porte de l’Europe » est une sculpture de Mimmo Paladino. Réalisée en 2008, elle rend hommage aux milliers de migrants arrivés sur l’île ces dernières années. | GIOVANNI CIPRIANO POUR

      « La porte de Lampedusa - porte de l’Europe » est une sculpture de Mimmo Paladino. Réalisée en 2008, elle rend hommage aux milliers de migrants arrivés sur l’île ces dernières années. | GIOVANNI CIPRIANO POUR "LE MONDE"

      Le « hotspot » de Lampedusa, où les migrants doivent être enregistrés avant de partir dans d’autres centres d’accueil, en Sicile ou sur le continent, était naguère plein à craquer. Il tourne désormais au ralenti, et on ne croise plus, comme c’était encore le cas en 2017, de groupes de demandeurs d’asile africains dans les environs de l’église.

      Depuis l’été 2017, les arrivées depuis les côtes libyennes sont devenues rarissimes, et c’est plutôt la route traditionnelle entre les côtes tunisiennes et Lampedusa qui s’est rouverte, sur un mode plus « artisanal ». Mais l’équilibre de cette situation est très fragile, et pourrait être remis en cause en cas d’effondrement de l’actuel gouvernement de Tripoli.

      Par ailleurs, les derniers mois ont vu un certain changement du mode d’arrivée des demandeurs d’asile. Après les grands bateaux contenant plusieurs centaines de migrants, qui ont cessé de venir après 2014, il y avait eu les canots gonflables, qui n’avaient plus pour objectif d’atteindre Lampedusa mais plutôt d’arriver dans les eaux internationales où ils étaient secourus par les navires de l’opération Sophia ou ceux des ONG.

      Ce type de départs s’est tari depuis la mi-2017 et les accords avec la Libye.« Ce qui se développe actuellement, c’est un système dans lequel les migrants sont convoyés par des sortes de “bateaux mères”, détaille Alberto Mallardo. Ces embarcations sont assez importantes, elles peuvent faire le voyage jusqu’à Lampedusa ou la Sicile. Et une fois arrivés à proximité des côtes italiennes, elles débarquent discrètement leurs passagers dans de plus petites embarcations, de dix à douze personnes ». Puis les passeurs s’éloignent.
      « Efficacité de la propagande mise en place par Salvini »

      Observateur des incessantes mutations des routes migratoires, le journaliste Mauro Seminara, qui vit sur l’île depuis le milieu des années 2000, relativise l’importance des changements des derniers mois.

      « Tout cela est très fragile, et peu évoluer à tout moment assure-t-il. Ce qui me frappe, en revanche, c’est l’efficacité de la machine de propagande mise en place par Matteo Salvini. Le 11 avril , un bateau avec 70 migrants est arrivé ici depuis la Tunisie. Le ministère de l’intérieur a affirmé qu’après 24 heures ils avaient tous été renvoyés chez eux, et ici, sur l’île, beaucoup l’ont cru. Alors même qu’on sait bien qu’une moitié est partie assez vite en Sicile, à Porto Empedocle, et que l’autre moitié est restée un temps à Lampedusa… »

      Au-delà de cela, les observateurs de l’activité migratoire en mer savent bien que les « navires fantôme » qui arrivent à Lampedusa ne sont que la partie émergée de l’iceberg.

      En effet, un navire qui arrive à Lampedusa, si petit soit-il, ne pourra pas passer inaperçu. En revanche, si le même débarque sur les côtes siciliennes, il est autrement plus facile de se fondre dans la nature. « Pour un navire qui arrive ici, assure Mauro Seminara, il y en a au moins trois ou quatre qui débarquent quelque part dans la région d’Agrigente, au sud de la Sicile, et dont on ne saura jamais rien. »


      https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2019/05/07/a-lampedusa-en-depit-de-ce-que-dit-salvini-les-migrants-arrivent-toujours_54

  • Attacks on #refugees in #Greece continue :

    The Alarm Phone was contacted today by a group of people that was attacked by a mob outside Athens. With #Greek police presence, the mob used petrol bombs, stones and batons to attack the whole group - men, women and children.

    https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1106651815859417089
    #racisme #attaques_racistes #Athènes #anti-réfugiés #réfugiés #asile #migrations #Grèce

  • L’équation des #refoulements en Libye : depuis le début #2018 près de 15000 boat-people ont été reconduits en #Libye où sont enregistrés plus de 56000 réfugiés et demandeurs d’asile. Parmi eux, en un an, 900 ont été réinstallés. Que deviennent les autres ?

    https://twitter.com/Migreurop/status/1053981625321771008

    #push-back #refoulement #statistiques #chiffres #Méditerranée #pull-back #réinstallation

    Source :
    Flash update Libya (UNHCR)

    Population Movements
    As of 11 October, the Libyan Coast Guard (LCG) rescued/intercepted 14,156 refugees and migrants (9,801 men, 2,126 women and 1,373 children) at sea during 108 operations. So far in 2018, the LCG recovered 99 bodies from the sea. The number of individualsdis embarked in Libya has gradually increased over the past weeks when compared to the month of August (552 individuals in August, 1,265 individuals in September and 884 individuals so far in October). An increase in disembarkations may be expected as the sea iscurrently very calm.
    During the reporting period, 174 refugees and migrants (163 men, eight women and three children) disembarked in #Alkhums (97 km southwest of Tripoli) and #Zawia (45 km west of Tripoli). The group was comprised mainly of Bangladeshi and Sudanese nationals. UNHCR and its partner International Medical Corps (IMC) provided core-relief items (CRIs) and vital medical assistance both at the disembarkation points and in the detention centres to which individuals were subsequently transferred by the authorities. So far in 2018, UNHCR has registered 11,401 refugees and asylum-seekers, bringing the total of individuals registered to 56,045.

    UNHCR Response
    On 9 October, #UNHCR in coordination with the municipality of Benghazi, distributed water tanks, medical waste disposal bins and wheel chairs to 14 hospitals and clinics in Benghazi. This was part of UNHCR’s quick-impact projects (#QIPs). QIPs are small, rapidly implemented projects intended to help create conditions for peaceful coexistence between displaced persons and their hosting communities. QIPs also strengthen the resilience of these communities. So far in 2018, UNHCR implemented 83 QIPs across Libya.
    On 8 October, UNHC partner #CESVI began a three-day school bag distribution campaign at its social centre in Tripoli. The aim is to reach 1,000 children with bags in preparation for the new school year. Due to the liquidity crisis in Libya, the price of school materials has increased over the past years. With this distribution, UNHCR hopes to mitigate the financial impact that the start of the school year has on refugee families.
    UNHCR estimates that 5,893 individuals are detained in Libya, of whom 3,964 are of concern to UNHCR. On 7 October, UNHCR visited #Abu-Slim detention centre to deliver humanitarian assistance and address the concerns of refugees and asylum-seekers held in the facility. UNHCR distributed non-food items including blankets, hygiene kits, dignity kits, sleeping mats and water to all detained individuals. UNHCR carried out a Q&A session with refugees and migrants to discuss UNHCR’s activities and possible solutions for persons of concern. Security permitting, UNHCR will resume its registration activities in detention centres over the coming days, targeting all persons of concern.
    So far in 2018, UNHCR conducted 982 visits to detention centres and registered 3,600 refugees and asylum-seekers. As of 10 October, UNHCR distributed 15,282 core-relief items to refugees and migrants held in detention centres in Libya.
    Throughits partner #IMC, UNHCR continues to provide medical assistance in detention centres in Libya. So far in 2018, IMC provided 21,548 primary health care consultations at the detention centres and 231 medical referrals to public hospitals. As conditions in detention remain extremely dire, UNHCR continues to advocate for alternatives to detention in Libya and for solutions in third countries. Since 1 September 2017, 901 individuals have been submitted for resettlement to eight States (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland).

    http://reporting.unhcr.org/sites/default/files/UNHCR%20Libya%20Flash%20Update%20-%205-12OCT18.pdf
    #réinstallation #détention #centres_de_détention #HCR #gardes-côtes_libyens

    ping @_kg_ @isskein

    • Migranti, 100 persone trasferite su cargo e riportate in Libia. Alarm Phone: “Sono sotto choc, credevano di andare in Italia”

      Dopo l’allarme delle scorse ore e la chiamata del premier Conte a Tripoli, le persone (tra cui venti donne e dodici bambini, uno dei quali potrebbe essere morto di stenti) sono state trasferite sull’imbarcazione che batte bandiera della Sierra Leone in direzione Misurata. Ma stando alle ultime informazioni, le tensioni a bordo rendono difficoltoso lo sbarco. Intanto l’ong Sea Watch ha salvato 47 persone e chiede un porto dove attraccare.

      Gli hanno detto che sarebbero sbarcati in Italia e quando hanno scoperto che invece #Lady_Sharm, il cargo battente bandiera della Sierra Leone, li stava riportando a Misurata in Libia, sono iniziate le tensioni a bordo. Secondo Alarm Phone i 100 migranti, che ieri avevano lanciato l’allarme a 50 miglia dalle coste libiche, dicendo che stavano congelando, sono “sotto choc” e si rifiutano di sbarcare. Le comunicazioni però sono molto difficoltose: non ci sono giornalisti sul posto e mancano conferme ufficiali. Le difficoltà di far sbarcare i 100 migranti sono state confermate a ilfattoquotidiano.it. L’episodio ricorda quello della nave Nivin, quando a novembre scorso un gruppo di migranti si rifiutò per giorni di scendere e l’esercito libico decise di fare irruzione sull’imbarcazione.

      Poco dopo la mezzanotte era terminato il trasbordo sul mercantile inviato da Tripoli in loro soccorso. Le persone – tra cui venti donne e dodici bambini, uno dei quali potrebbe essere morto di stenti – sono state in balia del mare e del freddo per ore. Ore di angoscia che sono terminate con l’invio dei soccorsi: in serata il mercantile dirottato sul posto dalla Guardia costiera libica – su cui pare sia intervenuto personalmente il premier Giuseppe Conte – ha raggiunto la carretta, cominciando ad imbarcare i migranti. “Verranno portati in salvo nel porto di Misurata”, aveva fatto sapere in serata Palazzo Chigi, che in precedenza aveva sollecitato la guardia costiera libica affinché effettuasse quanto prima l’intervento.


      https://twitter.com/alarm_phone/status/1087403549506658308?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E10
      Parallelamente altri 47 migranti, salvati dalla ong Sea Watch, attendono di avere notizie sulla loro destinazione finale: “Sono terrorizzati” dal possibile ritorno in Libia. “Le loro condizioni di salute sono buone e stazionarie”, ha detto all’agenzia Ansa l’equipaggio, “ma ora a preoccupare sono le condizioni meteo in peggioramento“.

      Di Maio: “D’ora in poi li porteremo a Marsiglia”
      “D’ora in poi i migranti che salviamo nel Mediterraneo glieli portiamo a Marsiglia – ha dichiarato questa mattina il vicepremier e ministro del Lavoro e dello Sviluppo economico, Luigi Di Maio, a Rtl 102.5 – Per far stare gli africani in Africa basta che la Francia stia a casa propria”. Il Viminale esprime soddisfazione: “Tutti sani e salvi, e riportati indietro, i 393 immigrati recuperati dalla Guardia Costiera libica nella giornata di ieri. In particolare, 143 sono stati riportati a Tripoli. 144 a Misurata, 106 ad al-Khoms”. La collaborazione funziona, gli scafisti, i trafficanti e i mafiosi devono capire che i loro affari sono finiti. Meno partenze, meno morti, la nostra linea non cambia” commenta il ministro dell’Interno Matteo Salvini.

      L’allarme e le richieste di aiuto inascoltate per ore
      Domenica mattina Alarm Phone, il sistema di allerta telefonico utilizzato per segnalare imbarcazioni in difficoltà, ha ricevuto la segnalazione del natante in avaria al largo di Misurata. Ora per ora, minuto per minuto, ha raccontato via tweet il dramma delle 100 persone stipate nell’imbarcazione facendo il resoconto delle innumerevoli segnalazioni effettuate a Roma, La Valletta e Tripoli, quest’ultima indicata da tutti come autorità competente a coordinare i soccorsi. “Abbiamo chiamato sette numeri differenti della sala operativa della cosiddetta Guardia costiera di Tripoli – raccontano i volontari – ma non abbiamo ricevuto risposta. Malta ci ha fornito un ottavo numero, che non risponde. Tutto questo è ridicolo. Ne basterebbe uno che funzionasse. Abbiamo avvisato Italia e Malta che la Libia non è raggiungibile. Nessuno ha attivato un’operazione di soccorso”.

      Affermazioni respinte dalla Marina libica, che con il suo portavoce, il brigadiere Ayoub Gassem, ha smentito che le richiesta di soccorso siano state ignorate, sottolineando che in mattinata altri 140 migranti sono stati salvati da una motovedetta di Tripoli. Dal canto suo la Guardia costiera italiana ha precisato che, non appena saputo dell’emergenza, “come previsto dalla normativa internazionale sul Sar ha immediatamente contattato la Guardia Costiera libica, nella cui area di responsabilità era in corso l’evento, che ha assunto il coordinamento e non potendo mandare propri mezzi perché impegnati nei precedenti soccorsi, ha inviato sul posto il mercantile della Sierra Leone”.

      I migranti: “Congeliamo, abbiamo paura di morire”
      A bordo del barcone i naufraghi hanno trascorso ore drammatiche: “Stiamo congelando, la situazione è disperata, aiutateci. Abbiamo paura di morire”, dicevano mentre imbarcavano acqua. Altri 47, salvati ieri da un gommone che stava per affondare, sono sulla Sea Watch, sempre al largo della Libia, in attesa di conoscere quale sarà il loro destino. “Nessuno ci dà informazioni, non sappiano cosa fare, quale sarà il porto dove attraccare – dicono dall’equipaggio – “Chiediamo istruzioni e restiamo in attesa. Siamo stati rimandati ai libici che però non rispondono. Non c’è modo di parlare con loro”.

      https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2019/01/21/migranti-100-persone-trasferite-su-cargo-e-riportate-in-libia-alarm-phone-sono-sotto-choc-credevano-di-andare-in-italia/4911794

    • Il governo italiano elude il divieto di respingimenti collettivi

      La pietà per le 117 vittime del naufragio di venerdì 18 gennaio non è durata a lungo, e sono rimasti inascoltati tutti gli appelli volti a chiedere agli stati il rispetto degli obblighi di soccorso sanciti dal diritto internazionale. Una strage dopo l’altra, e sempre più rapidamente scattano i meccanismi di rimozione. Alla fine i “colpevoli” vengono indicati nelle ONG, ormai praticamente assenti, e non invece tra i governanti che hanno concluso accordi con autorità militari e guardiacoste che non rispettano i diritti umani, ed adesso omettono sistematicamente gli interventi di soccorso in acque internazionali.

      Si è conclusa nel peggiore dei modi l’operazione di ricerca e soccorso in acque internazionali di un gommone con circa cento persone a bordo, segnalato nella mattina di domenica 20 gennaio a circa 50 miglia a nord della città di Misurata. Per ore, che potevano fare la differenza tra la vita e la morte, praticamente per l’intera giornata di domenica, le autorità italiane, maltesi e libiche non hanno risposto alle richieste di aiuto rilanciate dall’organizzazione Alarm Phone.

      Senza l’insistenza delle organizzazioni umanitarie nessuno sarebbe andato a salvare le persone che erano ormai sul punto di annegare, e malgrado questo dato evidente, il ministro dell’interno Salvini non ha trovato altra risposta che inasprire le minacce contro le ONG, colpevoli di avere portato alla luce l’evento di soccorso, e sprattutto di avere salvato, in una precedente oprazione SAR, altre 46 persone portate a bordo della nave Sea Watch. Persone che ancora oggi rimangono abbandonate, con l’equipaggio della nave soccorritrice in alto mare, perchè nessun governo delle diverse zone SAR confinati nel Mediterraneo centrale ( Italia, Malta, Libia) risponde indicando un porto sicuro di sbarco, come sarebbe imposto dalle Convenzioni internazionali del diritto del mare e dal Diritto internazionale dei rifugiati. Sempre, ammesso e non concesso, che di Libia come stato unitario si possa parlare, e di una Guardia costiera “libica” con un Coordinamento centrale (MRCC) si possa disporre per garantire operazioni di soccorso che non possono essere legate alla ridotta capacità di intervento dei suoi assetti navali o alle pressioni diplomatiche di un governo straniero.

      Dopo una giornata in cui le autorità libiche avevano lasciato cadere le richieste di intervento, a 50 miglia a nord di Misurata, da parte delle autorità italiane, l’intervento del Presidente del Consiglio Conte, e di non meglio precisate componenti diplomatiche, ha indotto il governo di Tripoli a dirottare verso il gommone una nave cargo la Lady Shar con bandiera della Sierra Leone, ma in precedenza immatricolata con altro nome presso i registri maltesi, la nave commerciale più vicina in navigazione nella zona dei soccorsi, ed a effettuare un primo trasbordo dei naufraghi ormai stremati dal freddo. Successivamente, per quanto si è appreso dai media, sembrerebbe che alcune motovedette libiche avrebbero trasportato alcune persone a terra, riportandole nel porto di Misurata, dunque molto vicine al luogo dal quale erano state fatte partire dai trafficanti su un gommone fatiscente, approfittando del temporaneo miglioramento delle condizioni meteo. In realtà risulta che ai migranti “soccorsi” a bordo della nave commerciale “coordinata” dalle autorità libiche nessuno avesse detto che la nave li avrebbe sbarcati a Misurata. E che anzi qualcuno li aveva rassicurati che sarebbero stati sbarcati in Italia.

      Secondo le notizie più recenti però, una parte dei naufraghi starebbe facendo resistenza ancora a bordo della nave che li ha soccorsi, e si profilano altre violenze ai danni dei naufraghi, come già verificato proprio a Misurata, nel caso dello sbarco-irruzione operato a bordo della NIVIN. I naufraghi erano stati sbarcati con la forza dopo una irruzione delle milizie armate che sparavano con fucili proiettili di gomma ad altezza d’uomo. Mentre giornalisti ed operatori umanitari pure presenti nel porto di Misurata venivano tenuti lontani. Non ci sono state più notizie sulla sorte di quelle persone, fatte scomparire nel nulla. Questa è la “Libia”, meglio il territorio controllato dal governo di Tripoli e dalle milizie alleate, con cui collabora il governo italiano.

      A nulla sono serviti gli appelli perchè i migranti, che si trovavano ormai in acque internazionali, molto vicini al limite della zona SAR maltese, fossero portati in un porto sicuro Un place of safety (POS) che non si trova certo in Libia, neppure a Misurata come i fatti dimostrano. In Libia non ci sono place of safety per chi viene intercettato in alto mare, anche secondo quanto recentemente dichiarato dal Commissario per le Nazioni Unite per i rifugiati Grandi, sulla base di rapporti delle stesse Nazioni Unite, che documentano gli abusi che subiscono i migranti intercettati in alto mare e riportati indietro dalla sedicente Guardia costiera “libica”. Per comprendere la gravità delle violazioni del diritto internazionale commesse in questa occasione dal governo italiano occorre una breve ricostruzione dei rapporti intercorsi in questi ultimi due anni tra l’Italia ed il governo di Tripoli.

      2.Dopo gli accordi con la Libia del 2 febbraio 2017, ratificati dal Vertice euromediterraneo de La Valletta, a Malta, il giorno successivo, le autorità italiane hanno sempre operato per aggirare il divieto di respingimenti collettivi in mare, affermato dalla sentenza di condanna dell’Italia da parte della Corte Europea dei diritti dell’Uomo il 23 febbraio 2012 nel caso Hirsi.

      Occorreva chudere, o almeno ridurre in modo sostanziale, gli arrivi di migranti dalla Libia, dopo che i principali partiti allora di opposizione, e soprattutto la Lega ed i Cinquestelle, avevano conquistato fasce sempre più larghe di elettorato, utilizzando in modo strumentale l’allarme che si era fatto derivare dall’elevato numero di arrivi di migranti negli anni dal 2013 al 2016, effetto della crisi siriana e di una situazione di crescente instabilità in Libia e negli altri paesi dell’africa subsahariana. Per tutto questo occorreva delegare alla guardia costiera “libica” quell’attività di intercettazione e di respingimento collettivo che le unità italiane, in particolare la Guardia di finanza, non potevano più svolgere come avevano fatto nel 2009 e nel 2010, con Maroni ministro dell’interno. Cosa importava se le motovedette libiche non avevano a bordo neppure salvagenti o mezzi collettivi di salvataggio, in dotazione invece sulle navi delle ONG ?

      In questa direzione, con il supporto dell’Unione Europea ( missione Eunavfor Med) si sono addestrati centinaia di guardiacoste, nella veste di Guardia costiera “libica”, e si erano fornite motovedette e risorse finanziarie (Africa Trust Fund). Prima ancora che si arrivasse alla proclamazione di una zona SAR “libica”, si era quindi intensificata la collaborazione operativa con la sedicente Guardia costiera “libica”, come documentato dalla sentenze della magistratura di Catania, Ragusa e Palermo, al punto che i giudici arrivavano al punto di osservare quasi come scontato che il coordinamento sostanziale delle attività di ricerca e salvataggio (SAR) svolte dai libici in acque internazionali fosse di fatto demandato alle autorità italiane, presenti nel porto militare di Tripoli con la missione NAURAS.

      In un primo periodo, anche sulla base di operazioi di disinformazione alimentate da gruppi della estrema destra europea (GEFIRA), si cercavo di rallentare, se non dissuadere, con una forte pressione mediatica le attività delle navi delle ONG che operavano nelle acque del Mediterraneo centrale, per colmare un vuoto determinato dalla fine dell’operazione Mare Nostrum (2014) e poi dal progressivo ritiro degli assetti navali dell’operazione TRITON di Frontex.

      Nel giugno del 2017 un piano articolato su sette punti,proposto dall’allora ministro dell’interno Minniti, veniva proposto all’Unione Europea che lo approvava e si impegnava a finanziarlo. Tra le azioni previste dal piano rientravano anche le attività di collaborazione e coordinamento con la Guardia costiera “libica”. Gli obiettivi proposti all’Unione europea erano i seguenti :”  1) rafforzare la capacità della Libia nella sorveglianza marittima; 2) dare loro assistenza per la definizione di un’area marittima Sar (Search and rescue, ricerca e salvataggio); 3) istituire una Mrcc (maritime rescue coordination centre), una centrale operativa di coordinamento di salvataggio; 4) assistere la guardia costiera di Tripoli nelle procedure Sar; 5) irrobustire la cooperazione tra le agenzie internazionali e le autorità libiche; 6) intensificare gli interscambi operativi marittimi con l’Italia e gli altri stati Ue; 7) sviluppare le capacità di intervento ai confini di terra nel controllo dei traffici di esseri umani e di soccorso ai migranti in fuga.

      Con il Codice di condotta Minniti, alla fine del mese di luglio del 2017, venivano stabiliti obblighi pretestuosi che esulavano dalle prescrizioni stabilite nelle Convenzioni internazionali e si introduceva il principio che le navi private delle ONG avrebbeo dovuto operare nelle attività SAR senza interferire con le attività di soccorso che nel frattempo venivano affidate alla sedicente Guardia costiera libica, allora coordinata direttamente da personale italo-libico a bordo di una nave della Marina militare italiana della missione NAURAS di stanza nel porto militare di Abu Sittah a Tripoli. Tra le attività di supporto della missione Nauras a Tripoli, rientrava, fino al 28 giugno scorso, anche“l’importante compito di aiutare i libici a interfacciarsi con la Centrale operativa della Guardia costiera a Roma che coordina le operazioni di ricerca soccorso nel Mediterraneo centrale”. Questo coordinamento italiano delle attività di intercettazione in mare, affidate gia’ nella prima parte di quest’anno alla cd. Guardia costiera “libica“.

      Una previsione che contrastava con il riconoscimento della superiorità gerarchica ( rispetto al codice di condotta ed agli accordi bilterali) delle norme di diritto internazionale o di rango costituzionale, dal momento che già allora risultava evidente quanto gravi fossero le violazioni dei diritti ( e dei corpi) dei migranti sempre più frequenti in Libia, paese che ancora oggi non risulta firmatario della Convenzione di Ginevra sui rifugiati). Violazioni gravisssime che lasciavano segni evidenti nei corpi e nello spirito anche nelle persone che erano state bloccate in mare, in acque internazionali e riportate a terra in mano alle stesse milizie dalle quali erano fuggite.

      Il 26 luglio del 2017, all’indomani dell’incontro organizzato a Parigi sulla Libia, l’ex premier Gentiloni dichiarava addirittura che il capo del governo di Tripoli Serraj avrebbe chiesto l’aiuto dell’Italia ” in acque libiche con unità navali, per il contrasto ai trafficanti di esseri umani”.

      Nel mese di agosto del 2017 si concretizzava l’offensiva di alcune procure contro le navi delle ONG, con sequestri ed incriminazioni sempre più gravi, dopo una violenta campagna mediatica nei loro confronti, e soprattutto dopo che i loro equipaggi erano stati “infiltrati” da agenti sotto copertura che fornivano una ricostruzione artefatta delle attività di soccorso che avrebbe dovuto mostrare una “collusione” tra i trafficanti, gli scafisti, e gli operatori umanitari. Una “collusione” che veniva presto smontata da indagini difensive che dimostravano la artificiosità delle prove raccolte a base delle prime denunce, ma che comunque resta oggetto di un procedimento penale a Trapani. Il procedimento penale contro l’equipaggio della nave Juventa della ONG Jugend Rettet è infatti ancora in corso, mentre la Procura di Palermo ha chiesto ed ottenuto l’archiviazione di un analogo procedimento penale avviato presso il Tribunale di Palermo, contro la ONG spagnola Open Arms e contro la ONG tedesca Sea Watch. Anche per la Procura di Palermo nessun porto libico si poteva qualificare come “Place of safety (POS)” luogo di sbarco sicuro, e dunque bene avevano fatto le ONG, peraltro sotto coordinamento della Centrale operativa della Guardia costiera italiana (IMRCC), che in quel periodo avevano sbarcato in porti italiani i naufraghi raccolti nelle acque internazionali a nord della Libia.

      Dopo una serie di comunicati stampa e pesanti interventi mediatici, nonchè una audizione in Parlamento, la Procura di Catania non giungeva invece a formulare alcuno specifico capo di accusa, corrispondente alle prime dichiarazioni del Procuratore capo. Il processo avviato con il sequestro della nave Open Arms a Pozzallo nel mese di marzo del 2018, rimane ancora aperto, presso il Tribunale di Ragusa, dove il procedimento avviato a catania è stato trasferito per la caduta delle contestazioni relative alle ipotesi associative. Ma la nave è stata dissequestrata, dopo che il Giudice delle indagini preliminari, e poi il Tribunale di Ragusa, hanno ritenuto la Libia priva di porti sicuri e dunque conforme al diritto il comportamento del comandante che non aveva chiesto alle autorità libiche la indicazione di un porto di sbarco, ma sie era diretto invece verso le coste maltesi ed italiane per chiedere un POS (Place of safety), ricevendo anche da Malta un netto rifiuto di sbarco. Il Giudice delle indagini preliminari di Catania, decidendo su questo caso, rilevava il sostanziale coordinamento da parte delle autorità italiane (Operazione Nauras) delle attività di ricerca e salvataggio (SAR) condotte dalle autorità libiche nelle occasioni denunciate. Il Gip di Catania osservava in particolare che ” Anche questa eccezione non può essere condivisa, poiché le motovedette libiche erano intervenute per effettuare una operazione di soccorso, come richiesto da IMRCC di Roma e sotto l’egida italiana con le navi militari di stanza a Tripoli, e perciò non si può parlare minimamente di respingimento, ma solamente di soccorso e salvataggio in mare”.

      3.L’aggiramento della sentenza di condanna dell’Italia da parte della Corte europea dei diritti dell’uomo sul caso Hirsi era ormai realizzato. Con l’insediamento del nuovo governo Salvini-Di Maio-Conte, già nelle prime dichiarazioni del ministro dell’interno si percepiva un ulteriore inasprimento della linea di condotta delle autorità italiane nelle occasioni ancora frequenti di interventi di ricerca e soccorso in acque internazionali sulla rotta libica operati dalle navi delle ONG. Per tutta l’estate dello scorso anno era una guerra aperta contro le ONG, con espedienti burocratici, come le pressio i sugli stati di bandiera delle navi umanitarie perchè le cancellassero dai registri navali, e con la minaccia di altre sanzioni penali, unico strumento per “chiudere i porti”.

      Cresceva anche la pressione diplomatica sulla Libia e sull’IMO a Londra (Organizzazione marittima internazionale che fa capo alle Nazioni Unite) perchè fosse riconosciuta una zona SAR “libica” in modo da delegare completamente, almeno sulla carta, il coordinamento delle attività di salvataggio ad assetti libici ed alla costituenda Centrale operativa libica (IRCC). Una autentica finzione, dal momento che la Libia non ha ancora oggi organi di governo o forze armate uniche per tutto il suo vasto territorio, coste e mare territoriale compreso, controllato da milizie in perenne conflitto tra loro. Il 28 giugno 2018, l’IMO inseriva nei suoi data base la autoproclamata zona SAR “libica” comunicata dal governo di Tripoli che neppure riusciva a controllare il territorio dell’intera città, ma che veniva incontro alle richieste del governo italiano, dopo che una prima richiesta rivolta dai libici all’IMO nel dicembre del 2017 era stata ritirata per la evidente mancanza dei requisiti richiesti a livello internazionale per il riconoscimento di una zona SAR.

      Se fino al 28 giugno scorso era almeno chiaro che le responsabilità di coordinamento spettavano tutte alla Centrale operativa della Guardia costiera italiana (IMRCC), a partire da quella data, con la notifica di una zona SAR “libica” da parte del governo di Tripoli all’IMO a Londra,a partire da quella data è venuta meno qualsiasi certezza circa le responsabilità di coordinamento dei soccorsi, e dunque di individuazione del punto di sbarco. Non si è riusciti neppure a risolvere il problema ricorrente della sovrapposizione tra la zona SAR maltese e la zona SAR italiana, a sud di Lampedusa e Malta, già occasione di conflitti di competenze, che avevano portato a tragedie con centinaia di morti, come in occasione della cd. strage dei bambini dell’11 ottobre 2013. Per quella strage è ancora in corso un procedimento penale presso il Tribunale di Roma, dopo due richieste di archiviazione da parte delle procure di Agrigento e Roma.

      Intanto il responsabile della sedicente Guardia costiera libica da Tripoli annunciava che gli assetti militari a sua disposizione non avrebbero proceduto a svolgere attività di ricerca e soccorso che non fossero coordinate da autorità libiche con mezzi decisi da Tripoli, dunque con totale esclusione di ogni possibilità di collaborazione con le ONG, ancora presenti nelle acque internazionali del Mediterraneo centrale. Per le Nazioni Unite, invece,e dunque per qualunque governo del mondo, “la Libia non può essere considerata un luogo sicuro di sbarco”, come ricorda il più recente rapporto diffuso a livello mondiale. Anche se nei punti di sbarco compaiono le pettorine azzurre dell’UNHCR, coloro che ancora riescono a tentare la pericolosa traversata del Mediterraneo, e che “vengono sempre più spesso intercettati o soccorsi dalla Guardia costiera libica che li riconduce in Libia”, ritrovano l’inferno da dove erano fuggiti. Dopo lo sbarco e la consegna di un kit di prima accoglienza finiscono nelle mani delle milizie che controllano i centri di detenzione.

      In una visita in Libia ai primi di luglio, Human Rights Watch ha intervistato le forze della guardia costiera libica, decine di rifugiati e migranti detenuti in centri a Tripoli, Zuara e Misurata, e funzionari di organizzazioni internazionali. I richiedenti asilo detenuti e i migranti intervistati hanno espresso gravi accuse di abusi da parte delle guardie e dei trafficanti, e alcuni hanno riferito di comportamenti aggressivi da parte delle forze della guardie costiera durante le operazioni di salvataggio in mare. Human Rights Watch ha confermato che le forze della guardia costiera libica mancano della capacità di assicurare operazioni di ricerca e soccorso sicure ed efficaci.

      4. La competenza nelle attività SAR o la individuazione del place of safety non possono derogare i principi fondamentali affermati in favore dei rifugiati ai quali sono parificati i richiedenti asilo. In base alla Convenzione di Ginevra sui rifugiati (art.33), “nessuno Stato contraente potrà espellere o respingere (refouler) – in nessun modo – un rifugiato verso le frontiere dei luoghi ove la sua vita o la sua libertà sarebbero minacciate a causa della sua razza, della sua religione, della sua nazionalità, della sua appartenenza ad una determinata categoria sociale o delle sue opinioni politiche. Il beneficio di detta disposizione non potrà tuttavia essere invocato da un rifugiato per il quale vi siano gravi motivi per considerarlo un pericolo per la sicurezza dello Stato in cui si trova, oppure da un rifugiato il quale, essendo stato oggetto di una condanna già passata in giudicato per un crimine o un delitto particolarmente grave, rappresenti una minaccia per la comunità di detto Stato”.

      In ogni caso, le espulsioni collettive sono vietate dal quarto protocollo addizionale della Convenzione europea dei diritti dell’uomo firmato a Strasburgo il 16 settembre 1963 (cfr. art. 19.1 della Carta dei diritti fondamentali dell’Unione Europea).

      L’art.33 della Convenzione di Ginevra che impone il divieto di respingimento delle persone verso paesi che non ne garantiscono i diritti fondamentali, in coerenza con l’art. 10 della Costituzione italiana, rendono del tutto privo di basi legali, e dunque non vincolante, qualsiasi ordine di riconsegna dei naufraghi ai libici impartito dopo i soccorsi a navi private che si trovino in acque internazionali. Va ricordato che né la Libia, né le diverse entità statali in cui risulta divisa, hanno sottoscritto la Convenzione di Ginevra sui rifugiati, ne garantiscono un effettiva salvaguardia dei diritti fondamentali delle persone, per non parlare della condizione di abuso alla quale,dopo la riconduzione a terra, sono sistematicamente esposti donne e minori ( ma adesso anche molti adulti di sesso maschile).

      Se è vero che in base all’art. 25 della Convenzione UNCLOS lo stato può comunque impedire l’ingresso nei propri porti ad una nave sospettata di trasportare migranti irregolari, è altrettanto da considerare che se uno Stato respinge una imbarcazione carica di naufraghi soccorsi in acque internazionali, senza controllare se a bordo vi siano dei richiedenti asilo o soggetti non respingibili, o altrimenti inespellibili, come donne abusate e/o in stato di gravidanza e minori, e senza esaminare se essi possiedano i requisiti per il riconoscimento dello status di rifugiato, commette una violazione del principio di non respingimento sancito dall’art. 33 par. 1 della Convenzione del 1951 se i territori (Stati terzi o alto mare) verso cui la nave è respinta non offrono garanzie sufficienti per l’incolumità dei migranti. L’articolo 10 del Testo Unico sull’immigrazione 256/98 prevede ancora espressamente la possibilità di applicare il respingimento differito (comma 2) alle persone straniere che sono state “temporaneamente ammessi nel territorio per necessità di pubblico soccorso”. Dunque anche l’ordinamento interno prevede che in caso di eventi di ricerca e soccorso in mare non si possa procedere ad operazioni di respingimento che peraltro assumerebbero il carattere di respingimenti collettivi, vietati dall’art. 4 del Quarto Protocollo allegato alla CEDU e dall’art.19 della Carta dei diritti fondamentali dell’Unione Europea.

      La Convenzione di Palermo contro il crimine transnazionale ed i due Protocolli allegati, contro la tratta e contro il traffico di esseri umani, che pure prevedono accordi con i paesi di origine e transito dei migranti, antepongono la salvaguardia della vita umana in mare alla lotta contro quella che si definisce immigrazione “illegale”. In base all’art.7 del Protocollo contro il traffico, (Cooperazione) “Gli Stati Parte cooperano nella maniera più ampia per prevenire e reprimere il traffico di migranti via mare, ai sensi del diritto internazionale del mare”. Secondo l’art. 9 dello stesso Protocollo “Qualsiasi misura presa, adottata o applicata conformemente al presente capitolo tiene debitamente conto della necessità di non ostacolare o modificare: a) i diritti e gli obblighi degli Stati costieri e l’esercizio della loro giurisdizione, ai sensi del diritto internazionale del mare. Particolarmente importante l’art. 16 del Protocollo che prevede Misure di tutela e di assistenza: (1) Nell’applicazione del presente Protocollo, ogni Stato Parte prende, compatibilmente con i suoi obblighi derivanti dal diritto internazionale, misure adeguate, comprese quelle di carattere legislativo se necessario, per preservare e tutelare i diritti delle persone che sono state oggetto delle condotte di cui all’articolo 6 del presente Protocollo, come riconosciuti ai sensi del diritto internazionale applicabile, in particolare il diritto alla vita e il diritto a non essere sottoposto a tortura o altri trattamenti o pene inumani o degradanti. (2) Ogni Stato Parte prende le misure opportune per fornire ai migranti un’adeguata tutela contro la violenza che può essere loro inflitta, sia da singoli individui che da
      gruppi, in quanto oggetto delle condotte di cui all’articolo 6 del presente Protocollo. (3) Ogni Stato Parte fornisce un’assistenza adeguata ai migranti la cui vita, o incolumità, è in pericolo dal fatto di essere stati oggetto delle condotte di cui all’articolo 6 del presente Protocollo. (4) Nell’applicare le disposizioni del presente articolo, gli Stati Parte prendono in
      considerazione le particolari esigenze delle donne e dei bambini.

      Un ulteriore clausola di salvaguardia si ritrova all’art.19 del Protocollo addizionale contro il traffico: (1) Nessuna disposizione del presente Protocollo pregiudica diritti, obblighi e responsabilità degli Stati e individui ai sensi del diritto internazionale, compreso il diritto internazionale umanitario e il diritto internazionale dei diritti dell’uomo e, in particolare, laddove applicabile, la Convenzione del 1951 e il Protocollo del 1967 relativi allo Status di Rifugiati e il principio di non allontanamento”.

      Per effetto degli articoli 10 e 117 della Costituzione italiana le Convenzioni internazionali che l’Italia ha sottoscritto si impongono sulle scelte dell’esecutivo e non possono essere violate da leggi interne o accordi internazionali. Dunque il diritto alla vita ed al soccorso in mare è un diritto fondamentale che non si può ponderare sulla base di altri interessi dello stato pure rilevanti, come la difesa delle frontiere o la lotta alle reti di trafficanti.

      Non è dunque possibile che un ministro dell’interno proclami la sua insofferenza per il diritto internazionale, o che lo ritenga un ostacolo alle sue politiche di “chiusura dei porti”. La creazione della zona SAR libica è servita proprio per aggirare i divieti di respingimento e gli obblighi di salvataggio imposti agli stati dal Diritto internazionale. Era tutto chiaro da mesi. Non sono certo le ONG complici dei trafficanti libici, quanto piuttosto quei governi che fanno accordi con le milizie per bloccare e detenere i migranti prima che possano attraversare il Mediterraneo.

      Va ricordato infine che nel caso di avvistamenti o chiamate di soccorso non seguiti da tempestivi interventi di ricerca e salvataggio potrebbero configurarsi gravi responsabilità penali. Come ricordano Caffio e Leanza (Il SAR Mediterraneo) “è da ritenersi in conclusione che responsabilità sarebbero ipotizzabili nei seguenti casi:1) non intervento di navi le quali siano a conoscenza della situazione (anche a seguito di warning emanato dalle autorità italiane) e siano in condizione di intervenire in tempo utile in ragione della distanza e della velocità sempre che non sussistano condizioni ostative attinenti la sicurezza della navigazione e delle persone che sono a bordo nonché alla tipologia di nave (si pensi alle navi gasiere) sprovviste di spazi per ospitare le persone salvate o addirittura pericolose nei loro confronti;2) mancata emissione di warning ai mercantili in transito da parte delle autorità SAR italiane”.

      5. Occorre trovare al più prsto un porto sicuro di sbarco per le 47 persone soccorse ieri dalla nave SEA WATCH, per le quali nè Malta, nè Italia hanno finora indicato quanto dovuto in base alle Convenzioi internazionali. La Convenzione internazionale sulla ricerca e il soccorso in mare del 1979 (Convenzione SAR) obbliga gli Stati parte a “…garantire che sia prestata assistenza ad ogni persona in pericolo in mare… senza distinzioni relative alla nazionalità o allo status di tale persona o alle circostanze nelle quali tale persona viene trovata” (Capitolo 2.1.10) ed a “ […] fornirle le prime cure mediche o di altro genere ed a trasferirla in un luogo sicuro”. (Capitolo 1.3.2)

      Per “luogo di sbarco sicuro” (Place of safety-POS) si deve intendere un luogo in cui si ritiene che le operazioni di soccorso debbano concludersi e in cui la sicurezza per la vita dei sopravvissuti non è minacciata, dove possono essere soddisfatte le necessità umane di base e possono essere definite le modalità di trasporto dei sopravvissuti verso la destinazione successiva o finale tenendo conto della protezione dei loro diritti fondamentali nel rispetto del principio di non respingimento…» (Regolamento Frontex 656/2014).

      L’adempimento degli obblighi internazionali di salvaguardia della vita umana in mare e la tempestiva indicazione di un porto sicuro di sbarco non possono diventare merce di scambio per modificare le politiche dell’Unione Europea.

      Gli interessi nazionali diretti alla “difesa dei confini” non possono consentire di cancellare sostanzialmente gli articoli 10 e 117 della Costituzione italiana che affermano la piena operatività, nel nostro ordinamento interno, delle Convenzioni internazionali che l’Italia ha sottoscritto e ratificato. Rimane inalterata la diretta efficacia cogente dei Regolamenti dell’Unione Europea che forniscono una definizione vincolante ( anche per i ministri dell’interno) di “luogo di sbarco sicuro”.

      Qualunque trattativa per la distribuzione, pure auspicabile, di naufraghi tra diversi paesi europei può avvenire soltanto quando le persone hanno raggiunto un porto di sbarco sicuro, perché la nave soccorritrice va considerata in base al diritto internazionale come un luogo sicuro “transitorio”, e la permanenza a bordo di persone già duramente provate non può diventare arma di ricatto tra gli stati. Di certo non rileva nella individuazione del porto di sbarco sicuro la bandiera dell’unità soccorritrice, altro argomento utilizzato per impedire o ritardare lo sbarco nei porti italiani delle persone soccorse in mare.

      6. Una volta che il Centro nazionale di coordinamento di soccorso marittimo della Guardia Costiera di Roma(I.M.R.C.C.)abbia comunque ricevuto la segnalazione di un’emergenza e assunto il coordinamento iniziale delle operazioni di soccorso -anche se l’emergenza si è sviluppata fuori dalla propria area di competenza SAR – questo impone alle autorità italiane di portare a compimento il salvataggio individuando il luogo sicuro di sbarco dei naufraghi. Se le autorità di Malta hanno negato il loro consenso allo sbarco in un porto di quello Stato, l’Italia non può negare lo sbarco in un proprio porto sicuro, che diventa essenziale per completare le operazioni di salvataggio. Se, come risulta dagli ultimi rapporti delle Nazioni Unite, e come riconosce persino il ministro degli esteri Moavero la Libia non garantisce “porti di sbarco sicuri”, spetta al ministero dell’interno, di concerto con la Centrale operativa della guardia costiera (IMRCC) di Roma, indicare con la massima sollecitudine un porto di sbarco sicuro, anche se l’evento SAR si è verificato nelle acque internazionali che ricadono nella pretesa SAR libica.

      Se gli ordini di “chiusura dei porti ”, impartiti in modo informale dal ministro dell’interno, continueranno a produrre l’effetto di bloccare in alto mare, in acque internazionali, decine di persone particolarmente vulnerabili, come lo sono tutti coloro che provengono oggi dalla Libia, sarebbe violato l’inalienabile diritto delle persone, quale che sia il loro stato giuridico, “a non subire trattamenti inumani o degradanti”( Articolo 3 della CEDU). Trattamenti direttamente riferibili al ministero dell’interno che non indica un porto sicuro di sbarco e che potrebbero ben configurarsi qualora, a seguito di un ennesimo braccio di ferro tra gli stati europei, la permanenza a bordo dei naufraghi, malgrado il prodigarsi degli operatori umanitari, dovesse procurare ulteriori sofferenze, se non gravi rischi per la salute o per la stessa vita. Non si può ammettere che in acque internazionali ci siano persone sottratte a qualsiasi giurisdizione. Anche se non interviene direttamente con i suoi mezzi, fino a quando non intervengono direttamente unità navali o aeree, o centrali di coordinamento SAR di altri paesi, le persone che chiamano soccorso dall’alto mare si trovano sotto la giurisdizione del primo paese che riceve la chiamata di soccorso, dal cui esito tempestivo può dipendere la vita o la morte.

      In caso di violazione del divieto di respingimenti collettivi ( articolo 4 del Quarto Protocollo allegato alla CEDU) o del divieto di trattamenti inumani od degradanti (art.3 CEDU), imposti agli stati nei confronti di tutte le persone che ricadono nella loro giurisdizione, come sono i naufraghi soccorsi in operazioni coordinate, almeno nella fase iniziale, da una autorità statale, si potrebbero ipotizzare ricorsi in via di urgenza alla Corte Europea dei diritti dell’Uomo. Mentre se il conflitto tra gli stati ( in particolare Italia e Malta) nella individuazione di un POS (porto sicuro di sbarco) si dovesse ripetere, dovrebbe occuparsene la Corte di Giustizia dell’Unione Europea.

      https://dossierlibia.lasciatecientrare.it/il-governo-italiano-elude-il-divieto-di-respingimenti