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  • War of words over migrant deaths at Greece-Turkey border

    In early February, 19 migrants froze to death at the Greek-Turkish border. Ever since, both Ankara and Athens have been blaming each other for the deaths, yet providing no evidence of what actually happened.

    On February 2, Turkish Interior Minister Süleyman Soylu published four disturbing images on his Twitter account. The pictures showed several men, seemingly unconscious, lying in the mud on a dirt track in the middle of nowhere.

    Soylu wrote: “12 of the 22 migrants pushed back by Greek Border Units, stripped off from their clothes and shoes have frozen to death. EU is remediless, weak and void of humane feelings.”

    It did not take long for Greek Migration and Asylum Minister Notis Mitarachi to respond. In a video message, he said: “The statements of the Turkish leadership regarding the tragic incident in which people lost their lives in Turkey were unacceptable. It is Turkey’s responsibility to prevent illegal departures.” He later added that the “migrants in questions never reached the border.”

    How Mitarachi can be sure of that remains unclear. A source within the Greek Ministry told DW “that there were absolutely no records of these people at all.” This, however, does not prove whether or not the victims set foot on Greek soil.

    For its part, Turkey has not provided any evidence to back up its allegations against Greece either. In the meantime, seven more people discovered near the Evros River along the border have died, bringing the death toll to 19.

    Lack of transparency

    Independent researcher Lena Karamanidou is reluctant to believe either side. She feels that there are too many allegations and a lack of transparency. Having grown up in the Evros region, she is now based in Glasgow and has been monitoring migration movements at the Greek-Turkish border for many years.

    Karamanidou pointed out that there is a history of pushbacks in the Evros region dating back to the 1980s.

    She told DW that people regularly lose their lives either while attempting to cross the border or during a pushback. “The unusual element of this incident is not that people lost their lives,” she explains, “but the high number of deaths.”
    Increased anti-migrant sentiment in Greece

    Karamanidou does not share the Greek interior minister’s theory that the victims failed to reach Greece. “We know from multiple reports by human rights organizations and NGOs [nongovermental organizations] that people who cross the border are not necessarily registered, especially prior to pushbacks.”

    She said that political discourse on migration in Greece has always been “hostile, nationalist, and racist” — but that anti-migrant sentiment has intensified over the past two years.

    Karamanidou believes that the government and mainstream media close to the government share responsibility for this: “They actively promote such discourse, including through representations of migration as a national security threat linked to Turkey,” she said.

    According to Karamanidou, this ongoing propaganda war between Athens and Ankara, which is being fought at the expense of asylum-seekers, has a long history in both countries.

    “Greek and Turkish national identities have been shaped through narratives of this enmity [...] responses to migration in Greece have long blamed Turkey for not controlling migration or not cooperating on migration control,” she asserted.

    EU divided on migration policy

    Meanwhile, the European Union continues struggling to find common ground on matters of migration. Several member states are not willing to take in asylum-seekers at all. As a result, the EU is now focusing on keeping its borders closed.

    With regard to Greece, countless media reports have documented illegal pushbacks, irregularities in the country’s asylum system and police violence against migrants.

    But despite evidence of this and numerous indications of Greece’s mishandling EU funds, EU Commissioner for Home Affairs Ylva Johansson has refrained from officially reprimanding Athens or launching an infringement procedure.

    Her only reaction so far has been to express “great concern,” insisting that Athens investigate cases of illegal practices, and to state publicly that border protection must be in accordance with EU law.

    Carefully timed tweet?

    Soylu’s tweet about the dead migrants at the Greek-Turkish border came during an informal meeting of the European Home Affair Ministers in Lille, France — an event attended by both Johansson and Mitarachi.

    Given the political turmoil between Ankara and Athens, and also between Ankara and the EU, it is hard to imagine that the timing was a coincidence.

    When asked that evening at a press conference about the incident at the Greek-Turkish border, Commissioner Johansson said: “This should never have happened, that migrants who try to enter the European Union lost their lives.”

    She added that Mitarachi had assured her that the victims had not entered Greece, but said that the incident needed to be investigated further.

    DW got in touch with her office for an update regarding this investigation, but the commissioner was not available for an interview.

    German response to the migrant deaths

    Human rights organizations were hoping that Germany’s new government and its new foreign minister, Annalena Baerbock of the Green Party, would be more vocal regarding the situation at the EU’s external borders.

    The German Foreign Office issued a statement about the death of the migrants, saying: “It’s important to find out the actual circumstances of the incident.”

    Experts have been demanding installation of an independent border-monitoring system in Greece, which would assure that authorities there play by the rules. Athens, however, refuses such a mechanism, saying that the situation is under control.

    The German Foreign Office told DW that the German government “generally supports the installation of an independent border mechanism,” adding that it is “important that nongovernmental actors, e.g. NGOs, are also granted access in order to observe the situation at the external borders of the EU.”

    https://www.dw.com/en/war-of-words-over-migrant-deaths-at-greece-turkey-border/a-60729270
    #décès #morts #mourir_aux_frontières #asile #migrations #réfugiés #frontières #Grèce #Turquie #Evros

    • 12 people found frozen to death near Turkey’s border with Greece

      Turkish minister claims Greek border guards pushed back people whose bodies were ‘stripped of shoes and clothes’

      The bodies of 12 refugees believed to have frozen to death have been found in an area straddling Turkey’s frontier with Greece, igniting a war of words between the two countries.

      After the bodies were found on Wednesday, Ankara’s interior minister, Süleyman Soylu, accused Greek guards of deliberately pushing the refugees back across the border. Several reportedly showed signs of frostbite while some were found near the İpsala crossing point “without shoes and stripped of their clothes”, he tweeted.

      Soylu said the dead had been among a group of 22 people pushed back into Turkey, and shared blurry photographs of eight of the recovered bodies, including three in just shorts and T-shirts.

      “They behave like thugs,” he said of the Greek border patrols, while accusing the EU of being “helpless, weak and inhumane”.

      Greece’s migration minister, Notis Mitarachi, rejected any suggestion of Hellenic frontier units forcibly expelling the refugees.

      “The death of 12 migrants at the Turkish border near Ipsala is a tragedy. But the truth behind this incident bears no resemblance to the false propaganda pushed out by my counterpart,” he said in a statement.

      “These specific migrants never made it to the border. Any suggestion they did, or indeed were pushed back into Turkey, is utter nonsense.”

      Mitarachi said that instead of making “baseless claims” Ankara should uphold its commitment to stop such “dangerous journeys”, referring to a deal reached between the EU and Turkey to stem migrant flows. “Turkey should assume its responsibilities if we want to prevent such tragedies from occurring again,” he said.

      Information on where the refugees were from, or when they had made the perilous crossing, was not released. But officials in the Turkish border city of Edirne clarified that among the dead was a migrant who had submitted to frostbite after being rushed to the local hospital.

      This is not the first time that the two regional adversaries – long at loggerheads over an array of disputes – have argued over the fate of migrants crossing their shared land and sea frontiers.

      But friction over the problem has worsened since early 2020, when a border crisis erupted after Turkey’s president, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, encouraged thousands of asylum seekers to enter Europe via Greece.

      NGOs have also stepped up criticism of Athens, saying despite persistent denials they have collated ever more proof of the pushbacks.

      The practice of turning away people seeking international protection is illegal under domestic, EU and international law.

      On Wednesday Nils Muižnieks, Amnesty International’s Europe director, said the group had documented evidence of collective expulsions occurring since 2013, describing them as de facto migration policy.

      Greece had always rejected the accusations with “anger, frustration and denial”, he told a virtual conference organised by the European Centre for Constitutional and Human Rights. “But my own view is that pushbacks have become more brazen, not just at borders but deep into Greek territory,” said Muižnieks, a former commissioner for human rights at the Council of Europe.

      In an atmosphere that had become ever more permissive because of limited monitoring, reports of people being injured or strip-searched had also increased. “Much more violence is being used. We’re hearing of broken spines, hands and strip searches,” he added.

      While Turkey hosts about 3.7 million Syrian refugees and is regarded as a major transit route for those fleeing poverty and war in Africa, Asia and the Middle East, Greece is seen as the easiest gateway into the EU.

      Since Athens reinforced Aegean sea borders after the 2020 crisis, growing numbers of refugees have elected to cross into the country via its north-eastern land frontier with Turkey, despite Greek authorities also erecting a 40km steel wall last year along the border.

      https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/02/turkey-accuses-greece-of-pushing-back-people-who-later-froze-to-death

    • Turkish interior minister accuses Greek authorities of pushbacks resulting in death

      Turkish Interior Minister Süleyman Soylu has lashed out at Greek authorities repeatedly in recent days, accusing the country of the deliberate mistreatment of migrants. Soylu has slammed Greece for committing acts of gross negligence amounting to manslaughter on at least two recent occasions.

      Soylu’s verbal attack on Greece started after he supported claims being discussed by the Turkish public accusing Greece of throwing three migrants into the Aegean Sea, alleging this resulted in the death of one. It was not clear when exactly this event was supposed to have taken place but appeared to be of a recent nature:

      At the end of January on Twitter, Soylu had specified that two of the migrants had been rescued while the other one had died. The alleged incident, which Soylu said amounted to “barbarism” and “murder,” took place off the Aegean coast near the tourist resort town of Çeşme.

      In his tweet, Soylu also said that “the European Union, that beacon of freedom and human rights, continues to sleep,” adding that the “murderous Frontex will have to answer for this.”

      Last words: ’I can’t swim’

      In the tweet, an Arabic-speaking man, whose identity is concealed, is seen recounting the alleged series of events with the help of an interpreter.

      The migrant claims that after all his belongings were confiscated by the Greek Coast Guard, he and the other two family members he was traveling with, were given life jackets which were too small for them.

      Despite protesting that some of them didn’t even know how to swim, they reportedly were left to fend for themselves in the cold waters of the Aegean Sea, the migrant says. He also specified that the individual who was reported to have drowned was his cousin.

      “The Greek Coast Guard gave us lifejackets before they left us in the sea, but they were for children and did not fit us. My cousin told them that he did not know how to swim. But they didn’t listen to him. They threw us into the water, where he drowned,” the unidentified man said.

      Politicized suffering

      Soylu lashed out one more time on Twitter at Greece on Wednesday, alleging that 12 migrants at the Greek-Turkish Ipsala land border near the Evros River had frozen to death after being pushed back and stripped naked by Greek border forces.

      The tweet was accompanied by images of blurred out people, who appeared to be dead.

      Soylu further politicized the alleged incident by saying that the EU is “void of humane feelings,” and adding that “Greek border units are heartless towards victims, but tolerant towards FETO,” referring to the infamous Turkish religious movement which Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan accuses of having orchestrated a coup attempt against him in 2016.

      FETO is the Turkish government’s name for the so-called Hizmet Movement, spearheaded by exiled preacher Fethullah Gülen. The organization is banned in Turkey as a terrorist group; hundreds of its adherents have fled Turkey to neighboring Greece and other countries in a bid to avoid arrest in recent years.

      Turkey has been under a constant state of emergency for over five years now, ever since the failed coup, giving police, military, judges and courts extraordinary powers to prosecute Gülen’s supporters.

      Illegal pushbacks at sea

      In the past year, the Turkish government has repeatedly accused Greece of pushing back asylum seekers, which would be in clear violation of international law and human rights.

      Several NGOs have also made statements claiming that Greece, with help from the EU, is trying to keep migrants away from entering Greek waters, and even of returning migrants to Turkish waters. However, there have also been counterclaims, saying Turkey moves migrants it intercepts in its own waters to Greek waters.

      The EU has also voiced concern over allegations of such pushbacks at sea, but in a series of investigations, Brussels has exonerated its Frontex agency from any complicity in the alleged pushbacks.

      Bot the Greek and the Turkish government have repeatedly denied conducting such pushback tactics.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/38298/turkish-interior-minister-accuses-greek-authorities-of-pushbacks-resul

      #Ipsala

  • France: New surveillance cameras to stop migrant smuggling

    Dozens of new surveillance cameras are to be installed along the coast of northern France. The aim is to prevent migrant smuggling across the English Channel.

    Surveillance equipment will be installed in more than 20 locations on France’s northern coast to detect migrant smugglers, the broadcaster BFMTV reported on Thursday. The cameras will be installed on roads near the coast with the aim of filming smugglers’ vehicles and recording their license plates.

    Dubbed ’Terminus’, the operation is financed by the UK. The total cost is not yet known, according to the news agency dpa.

    About 50 cameras are to be installed between Montreuil and Calais by the middle of this year, the newspaper La Voix du Nord reported. The prefecture of Pas-de-Calais said more than 20 municipalities wished to register for the surveillance devices, according to the AFP news agency.

    Laurence Prouvot, the mayor of #Wissant, told AFP that the cameras will be more advanced than those already existing in the town. Wissant, about 20 km from Calais, will need 14 of the cameras, he said.

    British will not have access

    Local government authorities in France as well as French police will have access to the images, but they will not be shared with their British counterparts, dpa reports.

    Meanwhile some local authorities were critical of the surveillance project. The mayor of Merlimont, Mary Bonvoisin Alves Dos Santos, told BFMTV that the money would have been better spent on supporting those who rescue migrants in distress trying to cross the Channel.

    “I have the impression that we are the armed guard of British migration policy,” she said. At the same time, nothing is being done to provide the children, women and men with a decent place to live, she added.

    Record number of Channel crossings in 2021

    The UK and France have been discussing the issue of Channel crossings for years. In 2021 relations between the two countries became strained as the number of arrivals in the UK, compared to the previous year, tripled to around 28,000, and 27 people died in a shipwreck in November.

    A large amount of surveillance equipment has already been installed in an effort to prevent crossings. In November the French Interior Minister, Gérald Darmanin, announced the deployment of ultra-modern equipment.
    In December, Frontex, the European Border and Coastguard Agency, provided a plane to support border control in the Channel and the North Sea coast region which it said was “equipped with modern sensors and radars.” A surviellance drone was also deployed in January in #Pointe_aux_Oies, #Wimereux, according to the local prefecture.

    Migrants have continued to cross the Channel this year despite the increased surveillance measures. In January, more than 1,300 people reached the United Kingdom, five times as many as at the same time last year.

    https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/38473/france-new-surveillance-cameras-to-stop-migrant-smuggling

    #surveillance #caméras_de_surveillance #migrations #frontières #contrôles_frontaliers #asile #réfugiés #Calais #Manche #France #UK #Angleterre #drones

  • #Pologne - #Biélorussie : positions GPS et vidéos, les appels à l’aide des migrants bloqués dans la #forêt

    Ils viennent du Yémen, de Syrie, d’Irak ou de République démocratique du Congo : depuis le mois d’août, des milliers de migrants tentent de traverser la frontière polonaise depuis la Biélorussie. Pour le gouvernement polonais, ces migrants sont instrumentalisés par le chef d’État biélorusse, Alexandre Loukachenko, et doivent être reconduits à la frontière. Refoulés des deux côtés, des hommes, des femmes et des enfants se retrouvent alors bloqués le long de la frontière, en pleine forêt. Certains tentent de lancer l’alerte.

    Pour ce nouveau numéro de Ligne Directe, « Pologne, Biélorussie : piège en forêt pour les migrants » (à voir ci-dessus), Maëva Poulet, journaliste des Observateurs de France 24, était avec Gulliver Gragg, correspondant de France 24, en tournage pendant la semaine du 4 octobre dans la région frontalière de Poldachie, en Pologne. Elle revient, dans ce carnet de reportage sur les alertes lancées par les migrants aux ONG et à la presse.

    « Nous allons probablement rencontrer une famille avec des enfants. Voulez-vous vous joindre à nous ? » Samedi 9 octobre. Il est 15 heures lorsque Piotr Bystrianin nous envoie ce message. Piotr est membre de la #Fondation_Ocalenie, une ONG polonaise d’aide aux migrants et réfugiés basée à Varsovie. Depuis cet été, chaque semaine, leur équipe se relaie pour être présente à 200 km de la capitale, dans la région frontalière de #Podlachie pour surveiller cette crise migratoire inédite en Pologne, et venir en aide aux migrants.

    Une position GPS nous est envoyée : direction le petit village de #Stara_Luplanka. C’est ici qu’une famille venue du Kurdistan irakien a été repérée. Après sept jours de marche depuis la Biélorussie, elle est arrivée en Pologne en échappant au contrôle des gardes-frontières. « Nous recevons des alertes concernant la présence de groupes de migrants », explique brièvement Piotr Bystrianin. Ce que nous savons, c’est que beaucoup de migrants envoient leur position GPS, aux organisations ou à la presse, pour appeler à l’aide.

    Une « #guerre_hybride » entre la Pologne et la Biélorussie

    Le rendez-vous est en lisière de forêt, près d’un champ de maïs. Karolina Szymańska, également membre de la fondation, nous fait signe d’attendre : « Nous devons d’abord discuter avec ces gens ». C’est un père seul et ses quatre enfants, âgés de 8 à 14 ans. « Ils ont très froid et ils ont peur », explique Piotr pendant que sa collègue leur offre à boire, à manger et des vêtements chauds.

    Au téléphone, un traducteur arabophone explique au père la situation. Car la stratégie de la Pologne est claire : les migrants se trouvant côté polonais doivent être refoulés à la frontière, en Biélorussie. Le parlement polonais y a autorisé les gardes-frontières le 14 octobre. Et ce, même s’il s’agit de demandeurs d’asile.

    La Pologne estime en effet que ces migrants ne sont pas en danger en Biélorussie, pays dans lequel ils sont arrivés légalement, en avion, munis de visas. C’est également ce qui fait dire à l’Union européenne que le régime de Minsk mène une « guerre hybride » : en réponse à des sanctions européennes, la Biélorussie chercherait à déstabiliser les 27 en envoyant des migrants aux frontières.

    « Parfois, ils les ramènent dans la forêt, même s’il y a des enfants »

    Pour que cette famille irakienne échappe à un refoulement, Piotr et Karolina n’ont qu’une option à proposer : la demande d’asile. Mais il faut que la famille veuille l’enregistrer en Pologne, et donc rester en Pologne. Or, selon le gouvernement polonais, beaucoup veulent en réalité rejoindre l’Allemagne, l’Angleterre, ou la France. Il faut aussi, pour mener une demande d’asile, être en mesure d’expliquer que l’on fui des craintes de persécutions ou des conflits. Ce n’est pas le cas de tous les migrants qui traversent cette frontière.

    Dans le cas de cette famille, plusieurs éléments lui permettent de solliciter l’asile. « La famille va donner procuration à [Karolina], et elle va appeler les gardes-frontières pour leur demander de venir. Elle va les aider dans leur demande de protection internationale en Pologne. »

    Nous attendons alors deux heures l’arrivée des gardes-frontières. C’est à eux d’enregistrer la demande. Reste qu’avec la nouvelle loi, ils n’y sont pas obligés. Les médias ont été invités par l’ONG pour aider à faire pression. « Parfois, ils les ramènent dans la forêt, même s’il y a des enfants », insiste Piotr. Ce soir-là, grâce à la mobilisation de Piotr et Karolina - et peut-être à la présence de plusieurs caméras dont la nôtre - la famille sera amenée au poste des gardes-frontières, où elle passera la nuit, au chaud, en attendant la suite de l’instruction de sa demande.

    « C’est comme un #ping-pong »

    Si cette famille a pu être aidée, c’est aussi parce qu’elle a réussi à dépasser la zone de l’état d’urgence : une bande de 3 km tracée par la Pologne tout du long de sa frontière avec la Biélorussie, formellement interdite d’accès aux organisations comme aux journalistes.

    Le long de la frontière, les migrants se retrouvent donc seuls entre les gardes-frontières polonais et biélorusses. Côté polonais, ils sont ramenés manu militari en Biélorussie… En Biélorussie, ils sont également refoulés : depuis octobre, le pays refuse de laisser entrer les migrants déjà passés côté européen. « La seule chance de sortir de la Pologne, c’est d’entrer en Biélorussie. La seule chance de sortir de la Biélorussie, c’est d’entrer en Pologne. C’est comme un ping-pong », confie Nelson (pseudonyme), un migrant originaire de la République démocratique du Congo qui a contacté notre rédaction.

    Nelson a filmé et documenté les nuits passées entre les deux pays, dans un « #no_man's land » labyrinthique dans les bois, où les températures chutent à 0 degré la nuit en ce mois d’octobre. « On a rencontré quelques militaires polonais. Je leur ai dit, voilà, moi je viens du Congo, j’aimerais demander l’asile. Ils m’ont dit ’tu ne vas rien faire’. Ils ont commencé à nous embarquer de force et ils nous ont ramenés à la frontière. C’est la première nuit que nous avons passée dehors, avec mes enfants », poursuit Nelson. L’une de ses vidéos montre ses enfants dormir dans la forêt, sans tente, à même le sol, près d’un feu de camp. « Il faisait extrêmement froid, et extrêmement sombre ».


    Côté frontière #Pologne - #Biélorussie, des migrants alertent également. La Pologne les refoule en Biélorussie... qui les renvoie en Pologne. Ils se retrouvent donc coincés dans la forêt entre les deux pays. Ici des messages envoyés sur WhatsApp à notre journaliste @maevaplt (3)
    — Les Observateurs (@Observateurs) October 22, 2021
    https://twitter.com/Observateurs/status/1451574931192365059

    « On ne peut plus continuer »

    Ces images, comme celles d’autres migrants qui appellent à l’aide, sont de rares témoignages de ce qu’il se passe dans la bande frontalière interdite d’accès. Depuis septembre, au moins neuf personnes sont mortes d’hypothermie ou d’épuisement dans la forêt.

    D’autres migrants ont contacté notre rédaction depuis cette zone, parfois sans réussir à envoyer d’images. Certains ont envoyé des messages de détresse. « Il fait froid, il n’y a rien à manger, c’est un enfer », nous a écrit un Congolais. « On ne peut plus continuer », dit un Irakien dans un audio WhatsApp. « Bonjour madame, je suis à la frontière », écrit encore une migrante dont nous ne connaissons pas l’origine. Elle n’enverra aucun autre message après celui-ci.

    Seule chance pour eux de se faire aider, partager avec les organisations présentes à la frontière leur position GPS… depuis une forêt où le réseau internet et téléphonique est instable, et sans électricité pour recharger son téléphone.

    https://observers.france24.com/fr/%C3%A9missions/ligne-directe/20211025-pologne-bielorussie-migrations-migrants-foret-ong-human

    #Ocalenie #frontières #asile #migrations #réfugiés #Belarus #limbe #blocage

    –-> je rapatrie ici des infos d’un fil de discussion que j’avais mis sur un fil qui traite quand même d’un peu d’autre chose... mot d’ordre « de l’ordre dans les archives »
    >> fil de discussion sur le #mur qui est en train d’être construit à la frontière entre la Pologne et la Biélorussie :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/927137
    #murs #barrières_frontalières

    –-

    ajouté à la liste des #zones_frontières créée pour pouvoir expulser/refouler des migrants :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/795053

    • « Hamza me dit qu’il a peur de mourir de froid dans la forêt ». Reportage avec les bénévoles à la frontière qui tue, entre la Biélorussie et la Pologne

      La #zone_frontalière entre la Biélorussie et la Pologne est devenue le théâtre d’une #crise_humanitaire. Face aux violations de droit multiples de la part des autorités polonaises et bélarusses, et au silence indifférent des institutions européennes, des réseaux de militants et de locaux apportent une aide de base à ces personnes en détresse.

      Par Agata Majos, à #Hajnówka – Depuis quelques jours, je fais partie du réseau militant #Grupa_Granica. Notre travail, c’est de soulager la souffrance des personnes qui se cachent dans la forêt polonaise. Si trouvés par des garde-frontières ou par la police, le risque est grand qu’ils soient de nouveau repoussés en Biélorussie. Cauchemar sans fin qui, pour certains, finira par la mort.

      Le 2 septembre, la Pologne a introduit l’état d’urgence sur une bande qui jouxte la frontière. Seuls les habitants de cette zone peuvent y accéder. La présence des militants et des médias est interdite. Nous opérons pourtant dans les forêts qui se trouvent de notre côté.

      Mon premier jour au QG des militants, près de la ville de Hajnówka. Je vais à ma première intervention. Un groupe de six personnes, cinq Syriens et un Irakien. C’est leur dixième séjour sur le sol polonais. Les gardes-frontières polonais les ont repoussés déjà neuf fois. Ça fait un mois qu’ils essayent de traverser cette forêt.

      Au début, lorsqu’on les approche, ils ont peur de nous. On siffle. C’est pour les rassurer, comme ça ils savent qu’on n’est pas des gardes-frontières. Qu’on a des bonnes intentions.

      Ils dévorent la nourriture qu’on apporte. Pour certains, ça fait des jours qu’ils n’ont pas mangé. On leur donne de l’eau, du pain, de la nourriture en boite (thon ou pâté), du chocolat, des barres énergétiques, de la soupe chaude. La soupe ne devrait pas être trop épicée – ils sont nombreux à avoir des problèmes gastriques. C’est parce qu’ils mangent très peu et ils boivent de l’eau boueuse des flaques, des marais et des ruisseaux.

      On apporte aussi des couvertures d’urgence. Des chaussures et des chaussettes – les pieds sont souvent dans le pire état. Des batteries externes, absolument essentielles, car avec un portable chargé ils peuvent se localiser sur une carte, écrire un mot à leurs familles. Un portable chargé peut sauver la vie dans ces conditions infernales.

      Les signes de leur séjour en Biélorussie, on les voit partout sur leurs corps.

      On se met autour du feu, on sort un paquet de cigarettes. Un moment rare de détente, comme si on était à une soirée entre amis. Un des réfugiés, Omar*, nous montre les photos de sa femme et deux enfants, âgé de deux et cinq ans. On demande s’ils sont toujours en Syrie. Il répond que non, qu’ils sont en Biélorussie à la frontière. J’essaie de ne pas imaginer dans ma tête ce qu’ils se passe avec eux.

      Les réfugiés que l’on rencontre racontent que ce qui se passe du cote bélarusse de la frontière, c’est le pire. Les signes de leur séjour en Biélorussie, on les voit partout sur leurs corps. Des blessures causées par le fil barbelé, des ecchymoses par les coups de garde-frontières. Certains ont des blessures causées par les morsures des chiens policiers.

      Omar me montre une photo de lui en Syrie, puis se pointe du doigt. Sur la photo, il est bien habillé, soigné, il est dans un restaurant avec un ami. Ici, maintenant, il est dans des vêtements sales, la barbe qui n’a pas été rasée depuis des semaines. C’est comme s’il voulait dire : regarde ce que je suis devenu. Il me montre sa main, un morceau de son doigt manque. Effet de son passage de la frontière.

      Dans un sac à dos qu’on a apporté, on trouve un paquet de Toffifee. Ils l’ouvrent et nous en proposent. Au début on refuse, on dit qu’ils en ont plus besoin que nous. Mais ils ont besoin de partager. Je prends mon Toffifee et je le cache dans ma poche. Je n’arrive pas à le manger, le ventre serré.

      Il est temps de partir. « Quand je m’installe à Berlin, je vous inviterai tous », dit Omar.
      « Ça marche ! », on répond en riant, tout en sachant qu’il y a peu de chance que ça arrive vraiment.

      On rentre au QG des militants pour se reposer un peu quand soudain l’information nous tombe dessus : six enfants sont à l’hôpital de Hajnówka avec leur mère hospitalisée. On ne sait pas encore ce qui va leur arriver. Il faut leur préparer des vêtements chauds, au cas où ils seraient repoussés de nouveau. Ça peut paraitre fou, mais rien ne nous étonne plus dans cet enfer.

      On apprend que le plus petit a trois ans et que le plus grand fait 150 cm. Je fouille dans les cartons dans notre dépôt. Je cherche des bonnets, chaussures, manteaux les plus chauds possible. Je me demande ce qui a bien pu se passer avec l’humanité pour que l’on soit là, à chercher des vêtements chauds pour des tout petits enfants, qui vont peut-être devoir passer des jours, ou des semaines, dans une forêt froide et humide. Je n’arrive pas à comprendre.

      Ce sont des questions que les militants se posent tous les jours. Avant de venir sur place, avec mes trois amis avocats, on a appelé une avocate en droit d’asile qui nous a expliqué la procédure. Pourtant, on sait très bien qu’on entre dans une zone ou la loi n’existe plus. Ou ces procédures-là, prescrites par la loi nationale et internationale, ne sont plus applicables. Quelques chanceux vont pouvoir déposer une demande d’asile – généralement quand il y a des médias, des enfants, les cas « médiatiques ». Pour le reste, c’est le refoulement en Biélorussie. Rappel : les médias n’ont pas accès la zone sous état d’urgence.

      Comme chaque semaine, Wanda et Robert, deux habitants d’un village qui se trouve dans la zone interdite, viennent à notre base. On leur donne des vêtements et des chaussures. Ils racontent que parfois, dans les villages au plus près de la frontière, on entend des voix venant des champs du maïs qui appellent « au secours ! ». Certains habitants reviennent avec de l’aide. D’autres appellent les autorités.

      Depuis quelques jours, certains habitants de la région allument un feu vert devant leurs maisons. C’est un signe pour des réfugié-e-s que c’est une maison ou ils peuvent venir se réchauffer, manger quelque chose, charger leur portable, se reposer un peu avant de reprendre la route. L’initiative est de Kamil Syller, habitant du village Werstok.

      Certains habitants de la zone font eux-mêmes des interventions dans des forêts. Ils sont très engagés mais leurs possibilités sont limitées. Comme la zone est fermée aux personnes de l’extérieur, on ne peut pas y aller les soulager. Ils se retrouvent seuls face à une souffrance difficile à imaginer.

      – « Ce qui serait utile, c’est une formation médicale, dit Robert, Pour savoir comment reconnaître les symptômes d’hypothermie. Comment savoir que la personne est dans un état critique et qu’il faut appeler les secours ? »

      Mais appeler une ambulance signifie aussi que les garde-frontières sont avertis (l’ambulance est obligée de le faire). En conséquence, c’est un « push-back » quasiment garanti.

      Notre groupe militant collabore étroitement avec l’ambulance des Médecins à la Frontière (Medycy na granicy), une initiative des médecins et ambulanciers qui fournissent de l’aide médicale aux réfugié-e-s. Ils le font d’une manière bénévole. Depuis des semaines, ils font appel aux autorités pour les laisser entrer dans la zone de l’état d’urgence. Sans résultat.

      Ce jour-là, les Médecins à la Frontière nous informent qu’ils soignent un groupe de trois personnes – deux Irakiens et un Turc. Les gardes-frontières ont remarqué l’ambulance et sont déjà sur place. Il faut y aller pour recueillir des procurations des réfugié-e-s. C’est leur seule chance pour commencer la procédure d’asile. On y va.

      Les trois hommes sont déshydratés, affamés, avec des symptômes d’hypothermie. Ils ont bu de l’eau contaminée d’un ruisseau, ils ont des symptômes d’intoxication alimentaire. Un homme, Hamza, est dans un état grave. On va à l’hôpital dans la ville de Hajnówka. En route, on passe à côté d’une autre ambulance. On voit une personne à terre, recouverte d’une couverture de survie. On se demande si elle est toujours vivante.

      Hamza prend mon portable. Avec mon outil de traduction, il dit qu’il ne peut pas rentrer en Biélorussie, il raconte qu’ils les ont battus et maltraités. Il a peur de mourir de froid dans la forêt.

      Je verrai cette personne plus tard à l’hôpital. C’est un jeune homme, il a survécu. Quand je le vois aux urgences, le médecin me demande de lui dire, avec l’application de traduction de mon téléphone, qu’il va aller prendre une douche. Il tremble énormément, je n’ai jamais vu une personne trembler autant. Je mets la langue kurde et je parle à mon portable. Il ne m’entend pas mais je vois qu’il essaye de me dire quelque chose. Je me rapproche pour l’entendre, sa voix est très faible. « No Belarus, no Belarus », il dit. Partout sur son corps, des blessures et des traces de coups.

      Après deux ou trois heures, les trois réfugiés avec qui je suis venue se sentent beaucoup mieux. Je recueille des procurations. Je leur dis pourquoi la demande d’asile est leur seule possibilité dans cette situation. J’essaie de leur expliquer que le fait de faire la demande ne garantit pas qu’ils ne vont pas être de nouveau repoussés en Biélorussie. Hamza prend mon portable. Avec mon outil de traduction, il dit qu’il ne peut pas rentrer en Biélorussie, il raconte qu’ils les ont battus et maltraités. Il a peur de mourir de froid dans la forêt. Je ne sais pas quoi lui répondre, comment le réconforter. Je sais très bien, on l’entend tous les jours, que la loi ne fonctionne pas. Mais je ne peux rien lui garantir.

      On a un moment libre. Un militant, Olek, me raconte que quand il était petit, il passait l’été dans ces forêts, ou ses parents ont une maison de vacances. Il raconte comment il ramassait des champignons et faisait du vélo. Moi je lui raconte que l’année dernière je suis venue dans un des villages d’à côté pour écouter le brame du cerf. On se dit qu’on ne pourra plus jamais venir ici comme touristes. Qu’on ne pourra jamais se promener dans ces forêts sans penser à toutes ces personnes qu’on a rencontré parmi les arbres, dont on ne connaitra jamais le sort.

      Comme celui d’Omar et de son groupe. Ou celui de Hamza ses deux amis Irakiens. Je contacte les garde-frontières pour apprendre où ils les ont pris – étant leur conseillère, j’ai le droit d’avoir accès à cette information. Pourtant, on m’informe que personne ne sait où ils sont, personne ne les a jamais vus.

      Tout comme les six enfants de l’hôpital de Hajnówka. Plusieurs institutions, dont l’adjoint au Défenseur des droits, ont essayé d’intervenir en leur faveur.

      Mon Toffifee, je le tiens encore dans ma poche. Je n’arrive toujours pas à le manger.

      * Les noms des militants et des réfugié-e-s ont été changés

      https://courrierdeuropecentrale.fr/no-belarus-no-belarus-reportage-avec-les-benevoles-a-la-fron

    • Entre la Pologne et le Belarus, les migrants abandonnés dans une #zone_de_non-droit

      Le Parlement polonais a voté, le 14 octobre, la construction d’un mur à sa frontière avec le Belarus. Mais aussi la possibilité de refouler les migrants, coincés entre les deux pays, dans une forêt où l’état d’urgence a été décrété.

      Un mur d’une valeur de 350 millions d’euros et le « droit » de refouler les migrants qui se présentent à ses frontières avec le Belarus. C’est ce qu’a voté le Parlement polonais, jeudi 14 octobre, faisant fi du droit international, qui interdit la pratique du push back (refoulement) lorsque les personnes en migration déclarent vouloir demander l’asile dans un pays. Des mesures qui surviennent au moment où la Pologne a créé, à sa frontière, une zone enclavée en pleine forêt, où les migrants restent bloqués sans eau ni nourriture, dans des conditions de vie extrêmes.

      Dimanche 17 octobre, à l’initiative de groupes féministes, des manifestations se sont tenues à Varsovie et dans plusieurs autres villes polonaises, comme Cracovie, pour dénoncer ces refoulements et les « actions scandaleuses des autorités vis-à-vis des personnes à la recherche d’un refuge en Pologne ». Le même jour, un ressortissant ukrainien qui transportait vingt-sept migrants irakiens dans une voiture aurait été arrêté par les garde-frontières polonais, selon l’ambassade de France en Pologne.

      Depuis l’été dernier, la Pologne est devenue l’un des principaux points de passage des migrants qui, venant du Belarus, tentent de traverser la frontière pour rejoindre l’Allemagne et l’Europe de l’Ouest. Les forces de l’ordre polonaises sont accusées par plusieurs ONG, dont Amnesty International, d’abandonner à leur sort des demandeurs d’asile se présentant à leurs frontières et de les renvoyer de force vers le Belarus. Ainsi, mi-août dernier, Amnesty International a pu documenter et prouver, grâce à une enquête numérique, le « renvoi forcé illégal » d’une trentaine d’Afghans ayant déposé une demande d’asile en Pologne vers le Belarus.

      « Des personnes demandent l’asile dans un pays de l’Union européenne et un État membre de l’Union européenne viole de manière éhontée leurs droits : l’Union européenne doit agir rapidement et fermement pour dénoncer ces atteintes flagrantes au droit européen et international », avait alors dénoncé Eve Geddie, directrice du bureau d’Amnesty International auprès des institutions européennes.

      En catimini, dès le 20 août, la Pologne a officialisé le refoulement des migrants par le biais d’un arrêté ministériel. L’état d’urgence décrété dans cette zone frontalière, côté polonais, début septembre, a ensuite fortement restreint l’accès aux ONG et journalistes, les empêchant de documenter le quotidien des personnes vivant ou se présentant à la frontière. C’est dans le cadre de la loi sur le renforcement de la sécurité aux frontières de l’État, adoptée mardi 19 octobre, que le Parlement a légalisé la pratique du refoulement.

      Le Parlement polonais peut voter ce qu’il veut, les refoulements restent une violation du droit international.

      Jan Brzozowski, chercheur et spécialiste des migrations

      « Les migrations sont une nouvelle fois utilisées pour des raisons politiques, analyse le Polonais Jan Brzozowski, chercheur à l’université d’économie de Cracovie et spécialiste des migrations. Mais le Parlement polonais peut voter ce qu’il veut, les refoulements restent une violation du droit international. Ces mesures n’ont donc aucune valeur à l’extérieur de la Pologne. On n’attend pas du gouvernement qu’il accepte toutes les demandes d’asile mais que la loi internationale soit respectée, donc que les migrants qui se présentent à notre frontière, même illégalement depuis le Belarus, soient autorisés à déposer une demande de protection et qu’elle soit étudiée sérieusement. »

      Pour Agnès Callamard, secrétaire générale d’Amnesty International, ce scénario ressemble fort au conflit né entre la Grèce et la Turquie il y a quelque temps. « Le Belarus utilise sa frontière avec la Pologne pour mettre l’Europe dans une situation difficile, en permettant à qui en a l’envie de rentrer sur le territoire sans visa. C’est ainsi que des Afghans ou des Irakiens prennent l’avion pour Minsk et entrent, à l’aide de passeurs ou autrement, sur le territoire polonais. Cela fait partie des intentions de Loukachenko d’utiliser la pression migratoire pour mettre une pression politique sur l’Europe, qui a émis beaucoup de sanctions à l’égard de son régime », souligne-t-elle.

      Problème : l’instrumentalisation de la question migratoire par les deux pays engendre une situation catastrophique à la frontière, en particulier dans cette zone de non-droit où nul ne peut accéder. Déjà sept personnes ont perdu la vie depuis l’été et nombre d’observateurs ont constaté des cas d’hypothermie, de maladies liées à l’environnement de vie, de mal ou non-nutrition.

      « Il faut imaginer une zone de 400 kilomètres de long et 3 kilomètres de large, en état d’urgence, où les seules personnes habilitées à y être sont les garde-frontières. Une zone forestière où il n’y a rien, où l’on ne peut se protéger du froid et où l’on n’a pas à manger. Les réfugiés qui y sont coincés n’ont pas le droit de la traverser pour aller sur le reste du territoire polonais, au risque d’être renvoyés dans cette zone ou d’être repoussés vers le Belarus. Ces push back, sans prise en compte de leur situation individuelle, sont illégaux au regard du droit international. Mais finalement tout est illégal, y compris le fait de les bloquer dans cette zone sans leur apporter une aide humanitaire », résume Agnès Callamard, experte des droits humains, qui rappelle la responsabilité du gouvernement polonais dans ces multiples violations du droit international.

      Les gens boivent l’eau des marais, certains tombent malades.

      Anna Alboth, membre de l’ONG Minority Rights Group

      Anna Alboth, membre de l’ONG Minority Rights Group, estime qu’environ 5 000 personnes seraient aujourd’hui parquées dans cette forêt, au milieu des marécages et des animaux sauvages, sans ressources pour survivre. « On ne peut pas parler d’un afflux, ces mesures sont disproportionnées », relève Agnès Callamard. « Les gens boivent l’eau des marais, certains tombent malades. Les gens ne connaissent pas la géographie des lieux et ne sont pas habitués au froid. Plusieurs migrants nous ont raconté qu’ils n’avaient pas mangé ni bu pendant des jours. Nous, on est juste des travailleurs humanitaires, personne ne nous a préparés à patrouiller en forêt à la recherche de personnes cachées pour leur donner une simple bouteille d’eau », regrette Anna Alboth, qui vient de passer plusieurs semaines à la frontière, rencontrant des groupes de femmes seules, des familles, des enfants, venus pour la plupart de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (Congo, Nigéria), du Kurdistan irakien, de Syrie et du Yemen.

      Si quelques habitants tentent d’aider les migrants sur place, une majorité d’entre eux, rapporte Anna Alboth, appellent la police pour dénoncer leur présence aux abords de la forêt, répondant aux conseils des policiers. « Ils font du porte-à-porte pour inviter les gens à dénoncer les migrants, en affirmant qu’ils sont dangereux et en leur conseillant de bien fermer leurs fenêtres et porte d’entrée le soir. Ils affirment aussi transférer les migrants dénoncés vers des centres d’accueil où ils peuvent demander l’asile, ce qui est faux. 95 % d’entre eux n’en ont pas la possibilité et sont refoulés. »

      Une« propagande » également dénoncée par le chercheur Jan Brzozowski, qui rappelle qu’un programme scandaleux a été diffusé récemment en Pologne, insinuant que les migrants détenaient du matériel illégal sur leurs téléphones comme du contenu pédopornographique, ou étaient des sympathisants de l’État islamique. « Un mensonge total visant à manipuler les gens. La population adhère à la propagande du gouvernement polonais et n’est pas suffisamment informée. Elle ignore ce qu’il se passe à la frontière. »

      L’idée d’une “invasion” prépare la population à accepter le pire des agissements.

      Agnès Callamard, secrétaire générale d’Amnesty International

      À ses yeux, l’une des priorités serait de « sensibiliser » les Polonais sur la réalité du terrain, car le gouvernement polonais actuel accorde une « importance forte » à l’opinion publique. « Cela doit passer par le peuple. Le soutien, même symbolique, des ONG travaillant sur les droits humains à travers le monde peut aussi aider. Quant à l’idée de sanctions au niveau européen, je crois que ce serait contreproductif : on voit bien comment les relations avec l’Union européenne se détériorent dans un contexte où la Pologne espère gagner en autonomie. »

      Jeudi 7 octobre, le Tribunal constitutionnel polonais a rendu une décision venant contester la primauté du droit européen (lire ici notre entretien). Au Parlement européen, mardi 19 octobre, les députés ont appelé la Commission européenne à « utiliser tous les outils à sa disposition pour défendre les citoyens polonais » et à lancer des procédures d’infraction envers la Pologne.

      La dynamique actuelle aux frontières entre la Pologne et le Belarus rejoint, pour Agnès Callamard, ce que l’on voit ailleurs dans le monde et en Europe concernant les migrations : la symbolique de « l’invasion » s’installe dans les esprits, propagée par les milieux de droite et d’extrême droite. Et tant pis si des personnes (y compris des enfants) « meurent de faim ».

      « La majorité des Polonais est d’accord pour que le gouvernement prenne ces mesures, note la secrétaire générale d’Amnesty International, qui revient d’un séjour en Pologne. On n’arrête pas de les bombarder de messages insinuant que le pays est envahi et que s’il ne fait rien, cela aboutira à la même situation qu’en 2015. L’idée d’une “invasion” prépare la population à accepter le pire des agissements. On voit cela partout en Europe, où l’on essaie d’habituer les gens à déshumaniser les réfugiés. Et ça marche. »

      https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/international/201021/entre-la-pologne-et-le-belarus-les-migrants-abandonnes-dans-une-zone-de-no

    • Video shows Polish guards using tear gas to push back migrants

      A group of migrants stuck at the Belarusian-Polish border trying to cross the border barrier has been repelled by guards using tear gas, the Polish Border Guard said. Up to 15,000 migrants and refugees could be stranded in the border region between the two countries.

      A group of migrants stuck on the Polish-Belarusian frontier for weeks tried to break through the border barrier, according to the Polish Border Guard.

      Near the village of Usnarz Gorny, six people threw wooden logs onto the barbed wire fence in an effort to topple it, the agency said in a tweet on Wednesday (October 20) that included a video of the incident. The migrants also threw stones at border guards and soldiers, the tweet added. Some were equipped with axes and pliers, it said.

      https://twitter.com/Straz_Graniczna/status/1450830048035024903

      Border guards used tear gas to stop the migrants, which can be seen in the last 15 seconds of the video. Nevertheless, 16 of them eventually forced their way into Polish territory but were pushed back to the other side of the border, according to the agency.

      It is important to note that the information provided by the Polish Border Guard cannot be independently verified because Poland has imposed a state of emergency in the border region. Journalists and aid workers are not allowed in.

      Over the past few months, thousands of mainly Middle Eastern migrants have been trying to reach the European Union via Belarus. They chose paths to EU member states Lithuania, Latvia and Poland. According to news agency dpa, around 15,000 migrants have gathered at the Polish-Belarusian border since then. The Lithuanian government on Wednesday spoke of a total of 6,000 to 7,000 who could be waiting at the EU external border with Belarus.

      Read more: Germany mulls sanctions to stop migration from Belarus amid growing concern over rights violations
      Geopolitical conflict

      The governments of Poland and other EU countries as well as EU institutions have repeatedly accused Belarusian ruler Lukashenko of allowing people from countries like Iraq and Lebanon to travel toward the bloc’s external borders via Belarus to put pressure on the EU and sow division. On Wednesday, Germany’s interior minister, Horst Seehofer, accused Belarus of organizing human trafficking, calling it a form of “hybrid threat by weaponizing migrants.”

      Underlying the recent spike in irregular migrant arrivals to the EU via Belarus is a complicated geopolitical conflict. In May, Lukashenko’s security forces diverted a Ryanair plane with a Belarusian activist on board flying from Greece to Lithuania. As a result, the EU imposed sanctions on Belarus.

      In return, Lukashenko indicated that Belarus could retaliate by loosening border controls for irregular, western-bound migrants as well as drug trafficking.

      On Wednesday, the body of a Syrian was found in a river in the border region between Poland and Belarus. It was the eighth recorded migrant death since the beginning of the surge in arrivals. Amnesty International, the Council of Europe and others have repeatedly criticized member Poland for its treatment of migrants at the border with Belarus.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/35949/video-shows-polish-guards-using-tear-gas-to-push-back-migrants

      #Usnarz_Gorny #push-backs #refoulements

    • Freezing to death: the migrants left to die on the Poland-Belarus border – video
      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uassRA0qF-s

      Migrants are dying in Poland’s forested border with Belarus, as the countries are locked in a geopolitical standoff. Polish authorities accuse Belarus of deliberately abandoning migrants near its border in an attempt to destabilise the EU because the bloc imposing sanctions on Belarus after its disputed election.

      Poland has responded by declaring an emergency zone, forbidden to journalists and activists, where it is believed that, hidden from sight, they are illegally forcing people seeking asylum back over the border instead of processing applications. We follow Piotr Bystrianin, an activist trying to locate desperate migrants in the woods before the border guards do.

      https://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2021/oct/22/freezing-to-death-the-migrants-left-to-die-on-the-poland-belarus-border

      #froid

  • 27.12.2016, jeune migrant décédé à Vintimille, renversé par un train

    Il 27 dicembre 2016 un giovane migrante viene travolto da un treno mentre stava attraversando i binari sulla linea ferroviaria Ventimiglia-Cannes nella galleria della #Mortola, a Ventimiglia. All’arrivo dei soccorritori e della Polfer, l’uomo era ancora vivo: morirà durante i tentativi di rianimazione per le profonde ferite riportate.

    https://www.riviera24.it/2021/08/migranti-a-ventimiglia-tante-tragedie-al-confine-con-la-francia-712753

    #Italie #France #frontière_sud-alpine #migrations #réfugiés #frontières #décès #mort #mourir_aux_frontières #Vintimille
    –—

    ajouté au fil de discussion sur les morts à la frontière de Vintimille :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/784767

    lui-même ajouté à la métaliste sur les morts aux frontières alpines :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/758646

  • Un migrant meurt électrocuté à la frontière italo-française (29.08.2021)

    (même cas que celui-ci : https://seenthis.net/messages/928091)

    Un jeune Bangladais de 17 ans est mort dimanche près de Vintimille, à la frontière italo-française. L’adolescent a été électrocuté alors qu’il était monté sur un train en direction de la France.

    Il avait 17 ans et était originaire du Bangladesh. Un jeune homme est mort dimanche 29 août en début d’après-midi à la frontière italo-française, a indiqué l’agence de presse italienne Ansa (https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/34723/young-migrant-electrocuted-on-train-roof-near-italyfrance-border). Il avait tenté d’atteindre la France en montant sur le toit d’un train depuis la ville frontalière de Vintimille quand il a été électrocuté.

    Le corps de l’adolescent a été récupéré par les pompiers et emmené à la morgue après l’alerte donnée par le conducteur du train. Le maire de la ville de Vintimille, Gaetano Scullino, s’est rendu sur les lieux du drame et a exprimé sa « grande consternation face à cette tragédie ».

    Pour éviter d’autres accidents, l’édile a demandé à la ligne ferroviaire italienne de mettre en place une « équipe pour contrôler les trains à l’arrivée et au départ de Vintimille, en collaboration avec la police des chemins de fer ».

    Des milliers de migrants tentent chaque année de rejoindre la France depuis l’Italie voisine, en montant dans des trains ou en marchant le long des voies ou de l’autoroute. Ces tentatives de traversée de la frontière peuvent parfois être fatales. Ces dernières années, au moins 20 exilés sont morts dans cette zone frontalière.
    Une traversée risquée

    En 2016 notamment, plusieurs décès avaient été recensés. En septembre de cette année-là, les autorités françaises avaient découvert le corps sans vie d’un migrant sous un viaduc de l’autoroute A8, à proximité de la frontière. Le mois suivant, une Érythréenne de 17 ans avait été renversée par un camion au bord d’une autoroute, près de Menton, en France. En décembre, un Algérien de 25 ans avait perdu la vie, renversé par un train non loin de Vintimille, alors qu’il traversait les voies de chemin de fer.

    Pour atteindre la France depuis l’Italie, d’autres personnes empruntent un itinéraire différent, via les Alpes. Mais là aussi, franchir cette frontière naturelle est très risquée et provoque des drames. En juin, une enquête avait été ouverte pour « disparition inquiétante » après plusieurs heures de recherches infructueuses près de Briançon pour retrouver un migrant soudanais. Le jeune homme, dont le groupe s’est perdu pendant deux jours en montagne sans eau ni nourriture, aurait basculé dans une pente en tentant d’échapper à la police.

    https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/34747/un-migrant-meurt-electrocute-a-la-frontiere-italofrancaise

    –—

    ajouté au fil de discussion sur les morts à la frontière de Vintimille :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/784767

    lui-même ajouté à la métaliste sur les morts aux frontières alpines :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/758646

    • Young migrant electrocuted on train roof near Italy-France border

      A 17-year-old migrant who was trying to reach the border with France on a train’s roof in the area of Peglia, a town near Ventimiglia in Italy, was electrocuted. At least 20 migrants have died in just a few years while trying to cross the border with France.

      He was 17 and came from Bangladesh. His was headed to France but he died on the roof of a French train in Italy. The incident occurred in the early afternoon of Sunday, August 29, inside a tunnel in the area of Peglia, near the border city of Ventimiglia (Imperia).

      The driver stopped the train in a desperate attempt to save the teen’s life after he saw him jump on the roof as soon as the train departed from the station of the border town.

      When rescuers recovered the teen’s body, they found a paper with his date of birth and nationality and a request to report to a police station. The 17-year-old had climbed onto a rail car and got too close to the power line, rescuers said.
      ’Huge dismay for this tragedy’

      The youth’s body was recovered by firefighters. Railway traffic with France was shut down for over an hour during the operation. The teen’s body was taken to the morgue. Along with firefighters, forensic police, Polfer railway police and rescuers, Ventimiglia Mayor Gaetano Scullino rushed to the scene, expressing “huge dismay for this tragedy”.

      He asked Italian railway line RFI for “the stable presence of a company team to control trains arriving and departing from Ventimiglia, in collaboration with railway police.”
      20 ascertained deaths in the last few years

      At least 20 migrants have been reported dead in just a few years as they were attempting to cross into France. One of them was a 17-year-old Eritrean, Milet Tesfamariam, who died after she was run over by a truck on October 9, 2016 inside a highway gallery just a few meters from Menton.

      Exactly a month before, French authorities discovered the body of another migrant who was found dead under a viaduct of the A8 highway near the French-Italian border.

      Another fatality reported in 2016, on October 22, involved a foreigner who was run over by a car as he was crossing the A8 highway in Menton.

      On December 23 the same year, a 25-year-old Algerian man died when he was run over by a train in Latte, near Ventimiglia, as he was trying to reach France on foot, walking along the tracks.

      Another migrant died in the same way a few days later, run over by a train as he was crossing the tracks of the railway line connecting Ventimiglia to Cannes, inside the Mortola gallery in Ventimiglia.

      Thousands of migrants each year attempt to cross the border through Col de Mort, the so-called ’death pass’, climbing onto rail cars or walking along tracks or the highway. Many rely on traffickers who abandon them in the moment of danger after they are paid a large sum for a trip that, too often, has no end.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/34723/young-migrant-electrocuted-on-train-roof-near-italyfrance-border

  • 21.10.2016 Un jeune migrant tué sur l’autoroute près de Menton

    C’est l’une des routes d’entrée vers la France et l’espoir d’un monde meilleur. Un jeune migrant d’origine africaine a été tué samedi dans la nuit sur l’autoroute A8 à proximité de Menton (Alpes-Maritimes) après avoir été percuté par une voiture et être tombé d’un viaduc, selon Nice-Matin. C’est le troisième à mourir sur cet axe rapide depuis début septembre.

    Projeté par-dessus le parapet

    L’identité de la victime n’a pas encore pu être établie et l’enquête a été confiée à la gendarmerie. L’accident s’est produit vers une heure du matin lorsqu’une automobiliste se dirigeant vers l’Italie a percuté la personne au sortir d’un tunnel, avant le viaduc de Sainte-Agnès. Le jeune homme a été projeté par dessus le parapet et son corps, retrouvé par les secours en contrebas.

    Selon les gendarmes, plusieurs personnes avaient déjà été signalées en début de nuit sur cette portion d’autoroute empruntée par les migrants pour passer clandestinement d’Italie en France, certaines ayant été récupérées et emmenées au poste de la police aux frontières.

    En septembre dernier, ce même viaduc avait déjà été le lieu d’un accident mortel lorsqu’un migrant, à la vue d’une patrouille de gendarmerie, avait sauté sans voir le vide en dessous. Plus récemment, le 7 octobre, une jeune Erythréenne de 17 ans avait été tuée sur la même autoroute, mais côté italien, après avoir été percutée par un poids lourd.

    https://www.leparisien.fr/faits-divers/un-jeune-migrant-tue-sur-l-autoroute-pres-de-menton-22-10-2016-6240525.ph

    –-> événement qui date de 2016, sauvegardé ici pour des raisons d’archivage

    –-> selon cette source c’est le 22.10.2016 :

    Another fatality reported in 2016, on October 22, involved a foreigner who was run over by a car as he was crossing the A8 highway in Menton.

    https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/34723/young-migrant-electrocuted-on-train-roof-near-italyfrance-border

    #Vintimille #asile #migrations #réfugiés #morts #mourir_aux_frontières #frontière_sud-alpine #France #Italie

    –—

    ajouté au fil de discussion sur les morts à la frontière de Vintimille :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/784767

    lui-même ajouté à la métaliste sur les morts aux frontières alpines :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/758646

    • Ventimiglia, ricostruite grazie al supporto della CRI le ultime ore di vita di Alì, l’ultima vittima della frontiera

      Fondamentale l’assistenza e l’opera di mediazione dei volontari della Croce Rossa presenti al Parco Roja

      Ventimiglia. Si chiamava Alì Ahmad e aveva 18 anni. E’ morto falciato da un furgoncino e poi sbalzato nella scarpata sottostante mentre tentava di attraversare l’autostrada a piedi all’altezza del viadotto di Saint Agnès, così come aveva fatto, prima di lui, la sedicenne eritrea Milet Tesfamariam. Alì e Milet sono due dei tanti giovani che ogni giorno sfidano la morte per raggiungere la Francia. Loro, però, la sfida non l’hanno vinta.

      Da Lampedusa, dove era sbarcato insieme ad un gruppo di amici sudanesi come lui, era arrivato a Ventimiglia il 30 settembre, quando aveva raggiunto il Parco Roja. E’ questo quanto ricostruito dal centro di cooperazione Italia-Francia insieme con le autorità francesi e con il supporto fondamentale della Croce Rossa. E’ stata proprio la prefettura di Nizza a chiedere l’aiuto della CRI che gestisce il campo di accoglienza nella città di confine. Qui sono stati accompagnati i tre amici del giovane sudanese che si trovavano con lui in autostrada al momento della tragedia. E, sempre al Parco Roja, è stato accompagnato un altro giovane sudanese, che ha dichiarato di essere cugino di Alì Ahmad e che, in questi giorni, era ospite del campo di Como.

      La polizia francese si è avvalsa del mediatore culturale della Croce Rossa e della professionalità del responsabile del centro di accoglienza Valter Muscatello per ricostruire l’esatta dinamica dell’incidente interrogando i tre amici che si trovavano con la vittima al momento del sinistro la notte tra il 21 e il 22 ottobre scorso.

      Ora che è stata fatta chiarezza sull’incidente e che la vittima ha finalmente un nome, si provvederà al rimpatrio della salma. E’ stato infatti contattato il consolato del Sudan a Parigi che si farà carico di rimpatriare la salma del giovane. La Croce Rossa si è fatta portavoce delle richieste degli amici di Alì, chiedendo alle autorità francesi di rispettare il rito musulmano: la salma verrà lavata e avvolta in un telo bianco prima di essere adagiata in una cassa. Volontà, questa, che la procura di Nizza si è fatta carico di rispettare.

      https://www.riviera24.it/2016/10/ventimiglia-ricostruite-grazie-al-supporto-della-cri-le-ultime-ore-di-vita

  • Bangladeshi migrant found dead near Slovenia-Croatia border (04.12.2021)

    The body of a migrant from Bangladesh has been found in Slovenia near the border with Croatia. Police say it is the first such death in this part of the border region.

    Police in the town of Koper, on Slovenia’s Adriatic coast, said that the dead body of a 31-year-old man was found on Saturday, December 4, in the Dragonja Valley, between the Dragonja and Sečovlje border crossings in southwest Slovenia.

    The man’s documents were found near his body. Police said that he was a Bangladeshi citizen and that the Embassy of Bangladesh had been informed.

    An autopsy was ordered to determine the cause of the man’s death, but initial information indicated that he died of hypothermia a day before he was found, a spokesperson from the Koper Police Department told InfoMigrants.

    While deaths of migrants have been recorded in the past on the Croatia-Slovenia border, this was the first known fatality in this region of the Dragonja valley, the spokesperson said.

    Border patrols

    Slovenian police, supported by the army, are deployed along the 670-km border with Croatia. Border surveillance of irregular migrants is conducted with the help of mounted police, dogs and technical equipment such as drones, thermographic cameras and helicopters.

    The interior ministry announced in 2020 that drones were increasingly being used to monitor the movements of migrants from above. “When migrants try to flee being apprehended, they run in several directions and drones make it easier for police officers to follow and apprehend them,” the ministry said in an article published online in June, 2020.

    Migrants usually “avoid populated areas and travel at night, using forest paths and remote terrain, while they spend the day resting in hidden-away locations,” the ministry continued.

    “Most of them use GPS navigation on smartphones in airplane mode, which prevents them being traced ... Illegal migrants very quickly adapt to police measures and frequently change both their routes and border crossing methods.”

    The police spokesperson in Koper confirmed that border patrols and surveillance have continued during the past 18 months.

    Both Croatia and Slovenia are members of the European Union, but Croatia is outside the Schengen visa-free area.

    There are thousands of migrants trapped in the Balkan states, unable to cross national borders to continue their journeys. Many are sleeping rough in cold winter weather.

    https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/37038/bangladeshi-migrant-found-dead-near-sloveniacroatia-border

    #Croatie #Slovénie #asile #migrations #réfugiés #frontière_sud-alpine #Alpes #montagne #décès #mort

    –—

    Ajouté à cette métaliste des morts à la frontière Slovénie-Croatie :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/811660

    Elle-même ajouté à la métaliste des morts dans les Alpes :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/758646

  • Violences policières : à Calais, Darmanin ment ! [Actions collectives] ⋅ #GISTI
    https://www.gisti.org/spip.php?article6690
    Interviewé par France 3 Hauts-de-France le 9 octobre 2021, le ministre de l’intérieur, Gérald Darmanin, a déclaré :

    « […] Ce que je peux dire, c’est que malgré tous les procès d’intention qu’on fait aux forces de l’ordre, je constate que pas un policier et pas un gendarme sur la côte littoral n’a été poursuivi par la justice […] et j’aimerais qu’on les respecte et qu’on les soutienne plutôt qu’on les insulte surtout lorsque manifestement ce sont des mensonges […] »

    Il répondait à une question concernant le dernier rapport de Human Rights Watch, « Infliger la détresse. Le traitement dégradant des enfants et des adultes migrants dans le nord de la France » [2] qui met en évidence le #harcèlement_policier dont sont victimes les personnes migrantes dans le nord de la France.
    https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/tag/calais
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EW773L0d2-I&t=229s


    le « premier flic de France » est un menteur et All Cops Are bastards
    #violences_policières #Calais

    • France : #Traitement_dégradant des migrants dans la région de Calais

      Une stratégie de détresse infligée aux enfants et aux adultes

      Les autorités françaises soumettent régulièrement les adultes et les enfants migrants vivant dans des campements de fortune dans la région de Calais à des traitements dégradants, conclut Human Rights Watch dans un rapport publié aujourd’hui. Cinq ans après la démolition par les autorités françaises du vaste camp de migrants souvent surnommé « la Jungle », plus d’un millier de personnes vivent dans des campements dans et aux alentours de la ville.

      Le rapport de 86 pages, intitulé « Enforced Misery : The Degrading Treatment of Migrant Children and Adults in Northern France » (« Infliger la détresse : Le traitement dégradant des enfants et adultes migrants dans le nord de la France »), documente les opérations répétées d’expulsion massive, le harcèlement policier quasi quotidien et les restrictions pesant sur la délivrance d’aide humanitaire et sur l’accès à cette aide. Les autorités mettent en œuvre ces pratiques abusives principalement dans le but de forcer les personnes à partir ailleurs, sans résoudre leur statut migratoire ni l’absence d‘abri et sans dissuader de nouvelles arrivées.

      « Rien ne peut justifier de soumettre des personnes à une humiliation et un harcèlement quotidiens », selon Bénédicte Jeannerod, directrice France de Human Rights Watch. « Si l’objectif est de décourager les migrants de se regrouper dans le nord de la France, ces politiques sont un échec flagrant, et entraînent de graves souffrances. »

      Human Rights Watch a mené des entretiens avec plus de 60 personnes migrantes, dont 40 se sont identifiées comme des enfants non accompagnés, à Calais et aux alentours, ainsi que dans la commune voisine de #Grande-Synthe, d’octobre à décembre 2020, puis de juin à juillet 2021. Human Rights Watch a également rencontré des responsables de la préfecture et du département du #Pas-de-Calais, ainsi que de la mairie de Grande-Synthe.

      Environ deux mille personnes, dont au moins 300 enfants non accompagnés, vivaient dans des campements à Calais et ses alentours à la mi-2021, d’après les associations humanitaires. Plusieurs centaines de personnes supplémentaires, dont de nombreuses familles avec enfants, étaient installées dans une forêt à Grande-Synthe, près de la ville de Dunkerque.

      Les actions de la #police visant à faire partir les adultes et enfants migrants de Calais et de Grande-Synthe n’ont pas découragé les nouvelles arrivées et ne semblent pas avoir réduit le nombre de traversées irrégulières de la Manche, qui ont battu des records en juillet et août. En revanche, ces pratiques policières ont infligé une détresse croissante aux personnes migrantes.

      « Quand la police arrive, nous avons cinq minutes pour sortir de la tente avant qu’elle ne détruise tout. Mais ce n’est pas possible, pour cinq personnes dont de jeunes enfants, de s’habiller en cinq minutes dans une tente », a indiqué une femme kurde d’Irak à Human Rights Watch en décembre 2020.

      Les policiers exigent très fréquemment des migrants qu’ils quittent temporairement le terrain sur lequel ils se trouvent pendant qu’ils confisquent – et souvent détruisent – les tentes, bâches et sacs de couchage que les gens n’ont pas réussi à emporter avec eux. Au cours de l’année 2020 et de la première moitié de 2021, la police a soumis la plupart des #campements de Calais à ces #expulsions de routine environ un jour sur deux. À Grande-Synthe, ces expulsions ont eu lieu une à deux fois par semaine.

      En 2020, la police a procédé à plus de 950 opérations routinières d’expulsion à Calais et au moins 90 expulsions de routine à Grande-Synthe, saisissant près de 5 000 tentes et bâches et des centaines de sacs de couchage et de couvertures, d’après Human Rights Observers (HRO), une association qui assure un suivi régulier des expulsions de ces campements par la police.

      La police expulse aussi régulièrement tous les occupants d’un campement, prétendant qu’il s’agit d’opérations de « mise à l’abri ». Mais l’abri n’est fourni que pour quelques jours. De plus, les autorités procédant à ces expulsions collectives n’assurent pas efficacement l’identification des enfants non accompagnés et ne prennent pas de mesures spécifiques pour les protéger.

      Du fait de ces #tactiques, les enfants et les adultes sont constamment en alerte et concentrés sur leur survie au jour le jour. Beaucoup sont hagards, en manque de sommeil et, comme l’a observé l’institution française de la Défenseure des droits en septembre 2020, « dans un état d’#épuisement physique et mental ».

      Les autorités font par ailleurs peser des restrictions légales et pratiques sur la délivrance d’#aide_humanitaire et sur l’accès à cette aide. Des arrêtés municipaux interdisent la #distribution_de_nourriture et d’#eau par les associations humanitaires dans le centre-ville de Calais. Les sites où une assistance est fournie par l’État sont souvent déplacés ; ou bien l’aide est distribuée en même temps que les expulsions.

      Les services des autorités ne répondent pas aux besoins des femmes et des filles. Les campements de fortune à Calais ne disposent pas de toilettes séparées pour les femmes et il n’y a pas de toilettes à Grande-Synthe. Les #toilettes existantes ne sont par ailleurs pas correctement éclairées, exposant les #femmes et les #filles à des risques particuliers. Toutes les personnes vivant dans les campements manquent d’eau en raison des difficultés pour y accéder, mais cela pose des problèmes particuliers aux femmes et aux filles lors de leurs #menstruations.

      L’#hébergement_d’urgence, en France, est en principe accessible à toute personne en ayant besoin, mais le système est débordé. Les hébergements d’urgence à Calais sont souvent complets et encore plus limités à Grande-Synthe. L’hébergement d’urgence est habituellement limité à quelques nuits, même pour les familles avec de jeunes enfants. Il existe un système distinct d’#accueil_d’urgence pour les #mineurs_non_accompagnés, mais il est également souvent complet ou presque, et de nombreux enfants s’en voient refusé l’accès.

      Les policiers ont par ailleurs harcelé des bénévoles de HRO, d’Utopia 56 et d’autres associations non gouvernementales qui observent la police lors des expulsions. Certains policiers ont déclaré à tort aux observateurs qu’ils ne pouvaient pas filmer leurs opérations, les menaçant d’arrestation.

      Ces #pratiques_abusives contribuent à une politique de #dissuasion par laquelle les autorités cherchent à éliminer ou éviter tout ce qui, à leurs yeux, attire les migrants dans le nord de la France ou encourage l’établissement de campements. Cette approche ne tient pas compte de la réalité, à savoir que le réel attrait de cette côte est sa proximité avec le Royaume-Uni, situé à seulement 30 km au niveau du pas de Calais.

      « Les exilés ne voyagent pas jusqu’au nord de la France parce qu’ils ont entendu dire qu’ils pourraient y camper dans les bois ou dormir sous un pont. Ils ne viennent pas parce que des associations distribuent un peu d’eau et de nourriture. Ils viennent parce que c’est là que se trouve la frontière », a expliqué Charlotte Kwantes, coordonnatrice nationale d’Utopia 56.

      La fin de la période de transition du Brexit implique que le Royaume-Uni ne peut plus renvoyer la plupart des demandeurs d’asile adultes vers la France sans avoir préalablement examiné leur demande d’asile. Le gouvernement britannique a également cessé d’accepter de nouvelles demandes de transfert au nom du regroupement familial, qui était en pratique la seule option légale permettant aux enfants non accompagnés d’entrer au Royaume-Uni.

      Les préfets du Pas-de-Calais et du Nord, départements où se situent Calais et Grande-Synthe, devraient mettre fin aux #expulsions_répétées des campements de migrants et cesser de saisir les biens des personnes, a déclaré Human Rights Watch. Les préfectures devraient travailler de concert avec les autorités départementales pour assurer des solutions alternatives d’hébergement à même de permettre aux personnes de se poser et de les aider à faire des choix éclairés, comme demander l’asile ou un autre statut en France ou ailleurs, ou bien repartir dans leur pays d’origine.

      Les autorités françaises de protection de l’enfance devaient faire davantage pour informer les enfants non accompagnés au sujet des options qui s’offrent à eux, notamment intégrer le système d’aide sociale à l’enfance, leur permettant d’accéder à un statut légal à leur majorité.

      L’Union européenne devrait mettre en place un système de partage des responsabilités entre ses États membres qui évite de faire peser une pression excessive sur les pays de première arrivée et les pays de destination les plus prisés, et qui tienne dûment compte des liens familiaux et sociaux, ainsi que des préférences individuelles des demandeurs d’asile.

      Le gouvernement britannique devrait mettre en place des moyens sûrs et légaux permettant aux personnes migrantes de se rendre au Royaume-Uni afin de demander refuge, d’être réunies avec les membres de leur famille, de travailler ou d’étudier.

      « Les autorités françaises devraient renoncer à leur stratégie défaillante à l’égard des migrants », conclut Bénédicte Jeannerod. « Il est nécessaire qu’elles adoptent une nouvelle approche pour aider les gens, au lieu de constamment les harceler et leur infliger des abus. »

      https://www.hrw.org/fr/news/2021/10/07/france-traitement-degradant-des-migrants-dans-la-region-de-calais

      #rapport #HRW #points_de_fixation

    • merci @cdb_77
      https://www.hrw.org/fr/news/2021/10/14/le-deni-par-le-ministre-francais-de-linterieur-des-abus-policiers-contre-les
      https://twitter.com/MichaelBochenek/status/1446130172126654466

      Le harcèlement systématique et les restrictions d’accès à l’aide humanitaire que les autorités françaises font subir aux migrants n’empêchent pas les nouvelles arrivées, mais provoquent une grande détresse.

      https://video.twimg.com/ext_tw_video/1446129388735500288/pu/vid/720x720/0FaLXNbE9O8_G1DV.mp4

  • 29.08.2021 : Ventimiglia : tenta di raggiungere la Francia sul tetto del treno, migrante morto folgorato

    (même cas que celui-ci : https://seenthis.net/messages/947436)


    –-> photo : https://www.ansa.it/liguria/notizie/2021/08/29/ventimiglia-migrante-folgorato-su-locomotore-treno-francese_b4a58aa4-fef3-400f-

    Tragedia lungo la ferrovia italo-francese poco dopo la stazione di Ventimiglia dove un uomo, che era salito sul tetto di un convoglio passeggeri diretto in Francia, è rimasto folgorato. E’ successo intorno alle 11.30 di questa mattina; dalle prime informazioni si tratterebbe di un migrante, che stava cercando di passare il confine nascosto sul tetto di un treno. Sul posto, dopo l’ultima galleria ferroviaria di Ventimiglia, sono intervenuti i vigili del fuoco, la Polfer e la polizia scientifica.Il treno coinvolto è un convoglio francese. Nel tratto i cavi dell’alta tensione arrivano ai 1500 volt e per l’uomo non c’è stato nulla da fare, è morto sul colpo. La circolazione ferroviaria italiana non ha subito variazioni, quella francese è rimasta bloccata per permettere i rilievi e intorno alle 13.44 è stato riattivato un binario.

    https://www.rainews.it/dl/rainews/articoli/Ventimiglia-migrante-folgorato-su-treno-francese-85169024-5a6a-41f9-abeb-b6d

    #mourir_aux_frontières #frontière_sud-alpine #asile #migrations #réfugiés #mort #suicide #décès #Alpes #Vintimille #Italie #France #frontières
    –—

    ajouté au fil de discussion sur les morts à la frontière de Vintimille :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/784767

    lui-même ajouté à la métaliste sur les morts aux frontières alpines :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/758646

    • Young migrant electrocuted on train roof near Italy-France border

      A 17-year-old migrant who was trying to reach the border with France on a train’s roof in the area of #Peglia, a town near Ventimiglia in Italy, was electrocuted. At least 20 migrants have died in just a few years while trying to cross the border with France.

      He was 17 and came from Bangladesh. His was headed to France but he died on the roof of a French train in Italy. The incident occurred in the early afternoon of Sunday, August 29, inside a tunnel in the area of Peglia, near the border city of Ventimiglia (Imperia).

      The driver stopped the train in a desperate attempt to save the teen’s life after he saw him jump on the roof as soon as the train departed from the station of the border town.

      When rescuers recovered the teen’s body, they found a paper with his date of birth and nationality and a request to report to a police station. The 17-year-old had climbed onto a rail car and got too close to the power line, rescuers said.
      ’Huge dismay for this tragedy’

      The youth’s body was recovered by firefighters. Railway traffic with France was shut down for over an hour during the operation. The teen’s body was taken to the morgue. Along with firefighters, forensic police, Polfer railway police and rescuers, Ventimiglia Mayor Gaetano Scullino rushed to the scene, expressing “huge dismay for this tragedy”.

      He asked Italian railway line RFI for “the stable presence of a company team to control trains arriving and departing from Ventimiglia, in collaboration with railway police.”
      20 ascertained deaths in the last few years

      At least 20 migrants have been reported dead in just a few years as they were attempting to cross into France. One of them was a 17-year-old Eritrean, Milet Tesfamariam, who died after she was run over by a truck on October 9, 2016 inside a highway gallery just a few meters from Menton.

      Exactly a month before, French authorities discovered the body of another migrant who was found dead under a viaduct of the A8 highway near the French-Italian border.

      Another fatality reported in 2016, on October 22, involved a foreigner who was run over by a car as he was crossing the A8 highway in Menton.

      On December 23 the same year, a 25-year-old Algerian man died when he was run over by a train in Latte, near Ventimiglia, as he was trying to reach France on foot, walking along the tracks.

      Another migrant died in the same way a few days later, run over by a train as he was crossing the tracks of the railway line connecting Ventimiglia to Cannes, inside the Mortola gallery in Ventimiglia.

      Thousands of migrants each year attempt to cross the border through Col de Mort, the so-called ’death pass’, climbing onto rail cars or walking along tracks or the highway. Many rely on traffickers who abandon them in the moment of danger after they are paid a large sum for a trip that, too often, has no end.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/34723/young-migrant-electrocuted-on-train-roof-near-italyfrance-border?previ

    • ​Ventimiglia: tenta di raggiungere la Francia sul tetto del treno, migrante morto folgorato

      Tragedia lungo la ferrovia italo-francese poco dopo la stazione di Ventimiglia dove un uomo, che era salito sul tetto di un convoglio passeggeri diretto in Francia, è rimasto folgorato. E’ successo intorno alle 11.30 di questa mattina; dalle prime informazioni si tratterebbe di un migrante, che stava cercando di passare il confine nascosto sul tetto di un treno. Sul posto, dopo l’ultima galleria ferroviaria di Ventimiglia, sono intervenuti i vigili del fuoco, la Polfer e la polizia scientifica.Il treno coinvolto è un convoglio francese. Nel tratto i cavi dell’alta tensione arrivano ai 1500 volt e per l’uomo non c’è stato nulla da fare, è morto sul colpo. La circolazione ferroviaria italiana non ha subito variazioni, quella francese è rimasta bloccata per permettere i rilievi e intorno alle 13.44 è stato riattivato un binario.

      https://www.rainews.it/archivio-rainews/articoli/Ventimiglia-migrante-folgorato-su-treno-francese-85169024-5a6a-41f9-abeb-b6d

  • Six countries urge EU to continue Afghan deportations

    Stopping deportations would “motivate even more Afghan citizens to leave their home,” the six states say. Afghan authorities have asked deportations to stop until October.

    Six EU countries have asked the European Commission not to stop the deportations of unsuccessful asylum migrants back to Afghanistan as thousands flee the Taliban’s takeover.

    Ministers from Germany, Austria, Belgium, Greece, Netherlands and Denmark said “stopping returns sends the wrong signal and is likely to motivate even more Afghan citizens to leave their home.”

    The move follows a plea from the Afghan Ministry of Refugees and Repatriation on July 8 to stop EU returns of its nationals for three months during the current resurgence of the Taliban.
    What did the letter say?

    The letter signed by the six states said that more moves should be made on the ground to support Afghanistan and neighboring countries rather than halt deportation from the EU.

    “We fully recognise the sensitive situation in Afghanistan in light of the foreseen withdrawal of international troops,” said the joint statement.


    https://twitter.com/kmlvrmln/status/1424646282505822210

    It recognized that there were 4.6 million Afghans that had already been displaced by the conflict with 570,000 asylum applications from the country lodged in the EU since 2015.

    “In view of of the expected likelihood that Afghanistan will continue to be a significant source of irregular migration to the EU, we would like to underline the importance of returning home those without genuine protection needs,” said the six countries.

    They urged “the Commission to intensify talks with the Afghan government on how returns to Afghanistan can and will be continue in the coming months.”

    EU countries have come under increasing attack from human rights groups for the decision to continue returning unsuccessful asylum applicants. On August 3 the European Court for Human Rights ruled not to send one of these migrants back to Afghanistan at least until the end of August.

    “That regions of a country are not safe does not mean that each national of that country automatically is entitled to protection,” added Belgium’s secretary for asylum and migration, Sammy Mahdi.
    What has the EU said?

    A spokesman for The European Commission said: "At an EU level there isn’t a list of countries considered safe relating to asylum applications or for returns.

    “It’s up to each member state to assess... the country of origin and the

    situation of the person concerned,” he said.

    But a senior EU official said on Tuesday that it wants to avoid “a massive flow of migration from Afghanistan.”

    According to the official, 80% of deportations to the war-torn country are “voluntary.”

    The official said the situation in the Middle Eastern country is “challenging” although it is not yet “desperate” in that it still had a solid government unlike Syria and Iraq in past refugee crises.

    But the EU was concerned about fighting stifling the arrival of humanitarian aid in the country, Doctors without Borders (MSF) said on Tuesday that the situation has “deteriorated” to the point that some cities have “medical facilities on the front lines.”
    What is the situation in Afghanistan?

    By Tuesday the Taliban had taken six Afghan provincial capitals forcing thousands to move to Kabul and other safer areas.

    The insurgents, who want to establish Sharia law in the country, are now looking to take Mazar-i-Sharif, the largest city in the north of Afghanistan.

    Its fall would mean an area that has voiced strongest opposition to the Taliban could now be out of government control.

    The US, which aims to withdraw all its troops by the end of August, has sent a special envoy, Zalmay Khalilzad to Qatar to try to get a ceasefire with the Taliban.

    But Pentagon spokesman John Kirby admitted there was “not much” the US could do but trust the Afghan government forces to turn the tide.

    “Taliban forces advancing in Ghazni, Kandahar, and other Afghan provinces have summarily executed detained soldiers, police, and civilians with alleged ties to the Afghan government,” said Human Rights Watch on August 3.

    With the Taliban advancing through the country at an alarming rate, experts believe more revenge killings could be on the way.

    https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/34221/six-countries-urge-eu-to-continue-afghan-deportations

    #Afghanistan #renvois #expulsions

    Et voilà, encore une fois, apparaître la belle #rhétorique de l’#appel_d'air :

    Stopping deportations would “motivate even more Afghan citizens to leave their home,” the six states say.

    ping @isskein @karine4

    • Six EU countries want to keep forced return of Afghans despite Taliban offensive Access to the comments

      At least six EU countries insist that the forced deportation of migrants back to Afghanistan continues despite the Taliban’s alarming gains in recent weeks.

      Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Greece, and the Netherlands wrote to the European Commission claiming that halting returns "sends the wrong signal and is likely to motivate even more Afghan citizens to leave their home for the EU.’’

      Adalbert Jahnz, the Commission’s spokesman for home affairs explained that “it’s up to each member state to make an individual assessment of whether the return is possible in a specific set of circumstances, that needs to take into account the principles, notable the principle of rule of law and other fundamental rights.”

      “But it’s not something that the EU specifically regulates,” he added.

      The call by the six member states comes a week after the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) urged Austrian authorities not to proceed with the expulsion of an Afghan national until late August at the earliest because of “a clear risk of irreparable harm to the complainant”.

      Afghanistan had in July urged Europe to stop deportations for three months, as Finland, Sweden and Norway had done, due to the deteriorating security situation on the grounds.

      Taliban insurgents have captured five out of the country’s 34 provincial capitals in less than a week in a relentless campaign against government forces.

      They have been emboldened by the withdrawal of US and NATO troops from the country.

      Cities claimed by the Taliban include strategically important Kunduz in the north that has transport links to many other cities including the capital Kabul.

      Afghan security forces, which have been backed, trained, and financed with billions of dollars in a 20-year-long Western military effort that included many EU countries, appear unable to cope with the offensive.

      https://www.euronews.com/2021/08/10/six-eu-countries-want-to-keep-forced-return-of-afghans-despite-taliban-off

      #réfugiés_afghans #asile #migrations #réfugiés #retour #renvois #expulsions
      #Austriche #Belgique #Danemark #Allemagne #Grèce #Pays_Bas

      #machine_à_expulser

    • Réfugiés afghans : l’hypocrisie européenne

      La plupart des pays de l’Union européenne ont attendu le dernier moment pour suspendre les expulsions d’Afghans venus demander l’asile sur leur sol. Alors que les talibans ont pris le pouvoir à Kaboul, les vingt-sept ministres des affaires étrangères se réunissent en urgence ce mardi pour décider des suites à donner à leur action. Accueillir dignement les exilés déjà arrivés sur leur sol serait un premier pas en matière de solidarité.

      https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/international/160821/refugies-afghans-l-hypocrisie-europeenne#at_medium=custom7&at_campaign=104

  • A German Court Has Recognised Not All EU Countries Are Safe For Refugees

    A court in the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia has ruled in favour of two asylum seekers, one from Somalia and the other Mali, whose asylum applications had been rejected because they came into the EU via Italy. The court has decided that, because they could expect inhumane or degrading treatment if sent back to Italy, their asylum claims should be heard in Germany.

    The ruling is significant, as it shakes up some of how asylum processing happens in the EU.

    Under perhaps one of the more well-known EU migration laws, the Dublin regulation, member states are allowed to send people back to the first EU country they were registered in. It’s a complicated process, and not without criticism. Asylum seekers and their advocates don’t like it because it denies agency to an asylum seeker who in theory has the right to claim asylum in the country of their choice (or, more specifically, is not obliged to do so in the first “safe” country they land in). “Frontline” states on the EU border such as Italy, Greece and Hungary don’t like the regulation either, because it unfairly places the burden for humanitarian accommodation on them, while Northern member states can admit people as and when they want to.

    Germany previously suspended its participation in the process during the political crisis around migration to Europe in 2015 and 2016, at a time when around a million refugees made their way to Germany. The regulation has since come back however, and continues to cause confusion and misery for many refugees.

    Now, with this ruling, the North Rhine-Westphalia court has thrown an obstacle in the way of this process. Both men had had their asylum applications rejected by regional courts because they were already registered in Italy (technically speaking, the Somali man had already been recognised as a refugee in Italy, while the Malian man had yet to receive any protection). For both men, however, a removal back to Italy would have meant likely destitution, as neither had much prospect of finding housing, support or employment. Their asylum claims, therefore, should be heard in Germany.

    The ruling acknowledges something many refugee advocates have been saying for a long time. Just because an asylum seeker or refugee finds herself in a country that is relatively safer than the region they came from, that does not mean they are in fact free from danger, poverty or destitution just because they are in any given EU state.

    This is a relevant issue in a number of countries, not just Italy and Germany. Greece, for instance, is considered by many people to be an unsafe country for some refugees, as the Greek authorities have been observed abusing refugees as well as forcing them further back into dangerous regions, violating the international principle of non-refoulement.

    The conversation is salient in the U.K. as well, at a time when prominent anti-immigrant voices are decrying people crossing the English channel from “safe” France in order to claim asylum. The U.K. human rights advocate Daniel Sohege has repeatedly pointed out all the reasons a refugee may not feel safe in France, even though the average Brit might:


    https://twitter.com/stand_for_all/status/1292467258221002756
    The U.K. has in any case withdrawn from the Dublin system, but the government is actively pursuing measures to prevent more people arriving in the U.K., including a controversial bill to make it illegal to seek asylum when arriving by “irregular” means (i.e., arriving without already having an entry permit).

    The court in the German case has ruled out a further appeal, though the government could still lodge a complaint against the ruling to be heard at the federal level.

    https://www.forbes.com/sites/freylindsay/2021/07/30/a-german-court-has-recognised-not-all-eu-countries-are-safe-for-refugees
    #Dublin #asile #migrations #réfugiés #COI #Italie #renvois_Dublin #pays_sûr #France

    ping @isskein @karine4

    • Forced return to Italy unlawful, German court rules

      A German court has decided that two African asylum seekers may not be returned to Italy where they had first sought protection, due to the hardship they would face there. It’s not the first time that German courts have ruled against such forced returns within Europe.

      The Higher Administrative Court (OVG) of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) has prohibited the forced returns of two asylum seekers from Somalia and Mali to Italy out of concern over the prevailing living conditions they’d have to endure in Italy.

      There was a “serious danger” that the two men, one Somali and one Malian, would not be able to meet their “fundamental needs” like accommodation and food, the court in the city of Münster said on Thursday (July 29).

      According to the judges, the Somali had already been recognized as a refugee in Italy. The Malian had applied for asylum in Italy before traveling onwards to Germany.

      As a result, Germany’s Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (BAMF) had rejected both their asylum applications as inadmissable and ordered a return to Italy. The men then filed two separate claims against the BAMF decision.
      ’Inhumane and humiliating treatment’

      In its ruling, the court cited the prevailing Italian system for refugees, which stipulates that accommodation and provision is only granted to particularly vulnerable people like the sick or families with children in reception facilities.

      No access to accommodation and work for a longer period of time, however, would mean that the two men would end up in a situation of extreme material hardship, independent of their will and their personal choices, the court said.

      As a result, the two men would face “the serious danger of inhumane and humiliating treatment” in a member state of the European Union, the court argued further. The ruling could not be appealed, the judges said. However, the authorities can file a complaint against this decision at Germany’s federal administrative court.
      Similar decisions

      This week’s ruling is not the first time a German court prevented asylum seekers from being forcibly returned to another EU country.

      In April, a court in the state of Lower Saxony ruled that two sisters from Syria who received protection status in Greece cannot be deported from Germany. The court said the human rights of the women would be put at risk if they were returned to Greece.

      In a similar case, a court in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) in January found that two refugees threatened with deportation to Greece would be at serious risk of inhumane and degrading treatment if they were to be sent back.

      A slightly different case took place back in 2019, when a Munich court decided that Germany must take back a refugee who was stopped on the border and deported to Greece. The court argued that proper procedure under German law had not been followed.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/33990/forced-return-to-italy-unlawful-german-court-rules

  • EU aims for 30,000 refugee resettlements until 2022

    The European Commissioner for Home Affairs Ylva Johansson has reported that she is working to secure €300 million for the resettlement of 30,000 refugees until the end of 2022.

    The EU Commissioner for Home Affairs Ylva Johansson on July 9 said she is working to secure €300 million to find safe new homes for 30,000 refugees until the end of 2022.

    Johansson made the statement during a speech to introduce a forum to restart resettlements, which were on standby due to the Covid pandemic, and to relaunch legal procedures for asylum seekers.
    ’Find additional funding’

    During her speech at the High Level Resettlement Forum, the commissioner called on member states to “find additional funds” and make “pledges” to offer a “safe new home” to those fleeing war and persecution.

    “That’s my goal for today and for the months ahead: to find the political will for pledges. Ambitious pledges,” she said.
    Need to act

    At the forum, which was attended, among others, by Italian Interior Minister Luciana Lamorgese, US Secretary of Homeland Security Alejandro Mayorkas, and UN High Commissioner for Refugees Filippo Grandi, Johansson insisted on the “urgent need to act,” recalling Grandi’s request to Europe “to resettle 36,000 people next year.”

    https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/33578/eu-aims-for-30-000-refugee-resettlements-until-2022
    #relocalisation #relocalisations #asile #migrations #réfugiés #promesses #EU #UE

    –---

    Les promesses non maintenues des relocalisations en lien avec la construction des #hotspots...

    aedh | Relocalisation : des annonces à la réalité, une comptabilité en trompe-l’œil
    https://seenthis.net/messages/605713

  • 33 European cities sign ’alliance of safe harbours’ declaration

    An international network of cities is advocating for the just distribution of refugees and migrants in the European Union. During a founding conference in Italy, they articulated their vision of a welcoming Europe.

    On Friday (June 25), 33 European cities signed a declaration (https://staedte-sicherer-haefen.de/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/IASH-Statement_International-Alliance-of-Safe-Harbours_ENG.p) in the Italian city of Palermo to establish the “International Alliance of Safe Harbours”. All signees are united in their willingness to take in more refugees and migrants.

    “Cities that are willing to take in more people should be allowed to do so voluntarily,” said Mike Schubert, the mayor of #Potsdam in Germany, one of the cities that co-signed the declaration.

    “With the new network, we want to provide speedy relief for the cities along the Mediterranean,” the Social Democrat politician said.

    https://twitter.com/FromSea2City/status/1408696129009639426

    In addition to Potsdam and #Palermo, the capital of the Italian island of Sicily, #Amsterdam, #Munich, #Leipzig, #Würzburg, Athens, Barcelona and the French city of #Villeurbanne — among others — signed the declaration in the Italian port city as part of the “From the Sea to the City” conference.

    “Instead of concentrating the burden through hotspots and camps with many of them in a few cities along the Mediterranean, we rely on a wide distribution among many cities, which distributes the burden for the individual city through the power of a broadly supported alliance,” the declaration reads.

    ’Committed to humanitarian values’

    “As European cities and municipalities that firmly believe in the defence of human rights, we have been offering refugees and migrants a new home for decades. We are unconditionally committed to humanitarian values, universal human rights and the right to asylum, even in difficult times,” the statement reads.

    Among other things, the alliance calls for the right to asylum to be upheld in every European state, for quotas for the voluntary acceptance of refugees in the municipalities and for direct funding by the European Union to the municipalities for taking in migrants.

    In addition, the signees demanded legal immigration channels for a pragmatic immigration policy and a fair distribution of burdens between EU states.

    During said conference, Palermo Mayor Leoluca Orlando stressed that all people in distress at sea needed to be rescued, regardless of whether they are fishermen or migrants. The outspoken politician also suggested a European civil service for young people to help sea rescue efforts to support private aid organizations.
    Difficult legal situation

    The international alliance joins the existing German Safe Harbors coalition, which declared it would take in migrants and refugees rescued from distress at sea or stranded in overcrowded camps on the EU’s external borders.

    The city of Potsdam, located on Berlin’s doorsteps, coordinates the nationwide initiative, which was established in June 2019 and currently consists of more than 100 cities, municipalities and districts.

    In January of 2020, the coalition demanded that Chancellor Angela Merkel’s government allow them to immediately begin resettling refugees rescued on the Mediterranean Sea.

    However, the legal situation for the voluntary reception of migrants beyond the European distribution mechanisms is far from clear-cut. Federal Interior Minister Horst Seehofer has so far rejected any proposals from state governments like Berlin, Bremen and Thuringia.

    Since then, Cities of Safe Harbours has been asking the government to change Section 23, Paragraph 1 of Germany’s Residence Act, which mandates that the distribution of specialty humanitarian residence permits requires the approval of the federal interior ministry.

    https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/33237/33-european-cities-sign-alliance-of-safe-harbours-declaration
    #Athènes #Barcelone

    #villes-refuge #asile #migrations #réfugiés #solidarité #résistance
    #ports #ports-sûrs #safe_harbours #humanisme

    –-

    ajouté à la métaliste sur les villes-refuge :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/759145

    Et plus particulièrement les #ports-refuge :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/759145#message878653

  • Authorities in Lithuania are considering building a wall with Belarus

    Authorities in Lithuania are now considering building a wall with Belarus. Ingrida Simonyte, the Lithuanian prime minister, has accused the Belarusian government of orchestrating what her country views as a migrant crisis.

    https://twitter.com/VCapici/status/1409246090768101377

    #Lituanie #murs #frontières #Biélorussie #migrations #réfugiés #asile #barrières #barrières_frontalières

    –—

    voir :
    A la frontière entre la #Lituanie et le #Bélarus, Loukachenko se fait maître passeur
    https://seenthis.net/messages/919781

    • Lithuania Reports 116 More Border Arrests Of Migrants Crossing From Belarus

      Lithuanian authorities reported 116 more arrests of migrants crossing the border from Belarus, a surge in crossings that Lithuania says Minsk is purposely organizing in retaliation for European Union sanctions.

      The Lithuanian State Border Security Service said on July 3 that border guards also fired tear gas and warning shots as one group of migrants were being detained.

      The latest figures bring the number of migrants detained over the past two days to 179, the service said; in all 938 people have been arrested crossing from Belarus this year, 12 times as many in all of last year.

      Lithuanian Foreign Minister Gabrielius Landsbergis said late on July 2 that the government had declared a state of emergency, and he accused Lukashenka seeking “to weaponize migration to weaken our resolve for sanctions.”

      Vilnius contends that the migrants, most of whom are Iraqi, are moved to the border with Lithuania, where Belarusian border guards turn a blind eye as they cross into the European Union member state.

      Lithuania has been one of the loudest critics of Belarus’s strongman leader Alyaksandr Lukashenka since last August’s dispute presidential election. The 66-year-old Lukashenka claimed victory, setting off months of unprecedented protests.

      The opposition says that election was rigged, and the West has refused to recognize the results of the vote.

      The Baltic state has offered refuge to Svyatlana Tsikhanouskaya, who supporters say was the real winner of the election.

      Vilnius has also become a center for Belarusians in exile, and the two countries have expelled a number of diplomats as ties have worsened in recent weeks.

      The EU’s border guard service, Frontex, has sent teams to Lithuania to help deal with the influx of migrants.

      https://www.rferl.org/a/lithuania-migrants-arrests-belarus/31339043.html

    • La Lituanie se dit débordée face à l’afflux de migrants venus de Biélorussie

      La Lituanie s’est déclarée, vendredi, en #état_d'urgence, face à la hausse des arrivées de migrants depuis la Biélorussie voisine. Plus de 150 personnes ont traversé la frontière ces dernières 24 heures. L’agence de garde-frontières européenne, #Frontex, a dépêché une équipe pour venir en aide au pays balte.

      Une équipe de six gardes-frontières de l’agence européenne Frontex a commencé à travailler vendredi 2 juillet en Lituanie pour aider le pays balte à faire face à l’arrivée de migrants. Depuis plusieurs semaines, des dizaines de personnes en provenance de la Biélorussie voisine, passent la frontière ouest du pays pour entrer en Lituanie.

      Le nombre de gardes-frontières de Frontex devant être déployés à la frontière biélorusse devrait passer à 30 dans le courant du mois.

      Les garde-frontières lituaniens ont indiqué avoir arrêté quelque 150 migrants ces dernières 24 heures - près du double du nombre d’arrestations sur l’ensemble de 2020. Face à cet afflux, le gouvernement a déclaré l’état d’urgence vendredi.

      Cela porte le nombre total de traversées illégales de frontières par des migrants cette année à plus de 800, la plupart venant du Moyen-Orient. Sur l’ensemble de 2020, 81 traversées illégales de la frontière avaient été enregistrées – et 37 en 2019.

      La plupart des migrants sont originaires d’Irak, mais il y en a aussi de plus en plus de Syrie, de Gambie, de Guinée et d’Inde, selon le site EUobserver (https://euobserver.com/world/152305).

      « La situation commence à se détériorer »

      « La situation est tendue et a tendance à se détériorer », a déclaré le ministre lituanien des Affaires étrangères Gabrielius Landsbergis à l’AFP.

      Il y a deux semaines, l’armée lituanienne a mis en place un #camp_d’urgence de plusieurs tentes à #Pabradé, à une quarantaine de kilomètres de la capitale Vilnius, pour pouvoir gérer l’afflux. « Le but du ministère est clair : les migrants économiques qui traversent la frontière de l’UE illégalement doivent être renvoyés à l’endroit d’où ils viennent », a-t-il ajouté.

      « Un tiers sont des hommes, un autre tiers sont des femmes, on accueille aussi des enfants, quelques mineurs non accompagnés et des personnes avec des problèmes de santé. Nous sommes inquiets quant à nos capacités d’accueil pour assurer l’hébergement à ces personnes qui demandent l’asile », a expliqué à RFI Egle Samuchovaite (https://www.rfi.fr/fr/europe/20210618-la-lituanie-accuse-la-bi%C3%A9lorussie-de-laisser-passer-des-migrants-s), directrice des programmes de la Croix-Rouge lituanienne, au mois de juin.

      Le gouvernement lituanien, qui s’oppose au président biélorusse Alexandre Loukachenko, a indiqué qu’il soupçonnait les autorités du pays de laisser les migrants passer la frontière.

      Ces tensions entre Minsk et Vilnius interviennent alors que les relations entre l’Union européenne et la Biélorussie sont elles-mêmes très compliquées. En cause : le détournement au mois de mai d’un vol commercial de Ryanair ordonné par le président Loukachenko pour arrêter un dissident politique.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/33405/la-lituanie-se-dit-debordee-face-a-l-afflux-de-migrants-venus-de-bielo

    • L’agence des frontières de l’UE augmente ” considérablement ” l’aide à la Lituanie

      L’agence des frontières de l’Union européenne s’engage à renforcer “de manière significative” son soutien à la Lituanie dans les prochains jours “en raison de la pression migratoire croissante à la frontière lituanienne avec la Biélorussie” que la nation balte tente de contenir .

      La décision de Frontex, l’agence chargée de coordonner le contrôle des frontières entre les États membres de l’UE et les pays tiers, a été annoncée samedi dernier à la suite d’un appel vidéo entre le directeur exécutif de Frontex Fabrice Leggeri et le président lituanien Gitanas Nauseda.

      “La frontière lituanienne est notre frontière extérieure commune et Frontex est prête à aider si nécessaire”, a déclaré Leggeri dans un communiqué. “Nous sommes prêts à renforcer notre niveau de soutien et à déployer plus d’officiers et d’équipements du corps permanent européen” en Lituanie, membre de l’UE et de l’OTAN de 2,8 millions.

      L’opération de Frontex, qui a commencé au début du mois avec le déploiement d’une douzaine d’officiers et de voitures de patrouille, va doubler la semaine prochaine, a indiqué l’agence.

      Le bureau de Nauseda a déclaré séparément que Frontex avait promis que des renforts devraient arriver en Lituanie avant le 15 juillet et que des patrouilles frontalières armées et d’autres traducteurs sont arrivés au cours du week-end.

      En outre, un hélicoptère de patrouille sera envoyé en Lituanie depuis la Pologne voisine et des discussions sont en cours pour envoyer un autre hélicoptère depuis l’Allemagne, a indiqué le bureau de Nauseda.

      Dans un tweet, Nauseda a remercié Frontex pour son soutien “Gérer les flux de migrants illégaux à travers la frontière orientale” avec la Biélorussie, autre ancienne république soviétique qui ne fait pas partie de l’UE.

      La Lituanie, qui a donné refuge à des membres de l’opposition biélorusse, accuse son voisin d’organiser des passages frontaliers principalement par des personnes originaires d’Irak, du Moyen-Orient et d’Afrique.

      En juin, le nombre de passages illégaux des frontières entre la Biélorussie et la Lituanie a sextuplé, augmentant la pression sur les autorités nationales de contrôle des frontières, a déclaré Frontex. Le phénomène s’est accéléré en juillet et plus de 1 500 personnes sont entrées en Lituanie depuis la Biélorussie au cours des deux derniers mois, 20 fois plus qu’en 2020.

      Plus tôt cette semaine, le président autoritaire biélorusse Alexandre Loukachenko a déclaré que son pays ne fermerait pas ses frontières “et ne deviendrait pas un camp pour les personnes fuyant l’Afghanistan, l’Iran, l’Irak, la Syrie, la Libye et la Tunisie”.

      Les tensions entre l’UE et la Biélorussie se sont encore intensifiées après que la Biélorussie a détourné un avion de ligne le 23 mai pour arrêter un journaliste de l’opposition.

      Loukachenko a déclaré que son pays cesserait de coopérer avec le bloc des 27 pays pour endiguer la migration en représailles aux lourdes sanctions économiques que l’UE a imposées à la Biélorussie pour le détournement d’avions de passagers.

      Vendredi, la Lituanie a commencé à construire une double clôture en fil de fer barbelé à la frontière avec la Biélorussie. Il parcourra 550 kilomètres (342 miles), couvrant la majeure partie de la frontière de près de 680 kilomètres (423 miles) et coûtera 41 millions d’euros (48 millions de dollars), selon les autorités lituaniennes.

      En outre, la Lituanie a mis en place des camps de tentes pour accueillir le nombre croissant de migrants.

      https://www.cablechronicles.com/lagence-des-frontieres-de-lue-augmente-considerablement-laide-a-la-

    • EU deploys border force in Lithuania as Belarus opens pathway for migrants

      Officials cite effort by Minsk to ‘weaponize’ irregular migration flows.

      The EU’s border protection agency on Monday said it was mobilizing a rapid intervention force to Lithuania, where the government has accused neighboring Belarus of allowing hundreds of migrants to cross illegally into the country.

      The allegations that Belarus is “weaponizing” migrants in retaliation for EU sanctions and support for political opponents of the country’s long-time leader, Alexander Lukashenko, were discussed Monday in the European Parliament and in the EU Foreign Affairs Council.

      “It seems like the Belarusian authorities now facilitate irregular migration possibly in retaliation to EU restrictive measures and as a response to the Lithuanian support for the civil society in Belarus,” the EU’s commissioner for home affairs, Ylva Johansson, testified during a joint hearing of the Parliament’s home affairs and foreign affairs committees.

      Johansson said that the method of arrivals was still under investigation, but that it appeared several flights per day were landing in Minsk, the Belarusian capital, carrying migrants from Istanbul and Baghdad. Officials said at least 60 EU border guards were expected to arrive in Lithuania in the coming days.

      While many of the migrants that have crossed into Lithuania seem to be of Iraqi or Syrian origin, there have also been migrants from African countries, including the Democratic Republic of Congo and Cameroon.

      Arriving for Monday’s Foreign Affairs Council meeting in Brussels, Lithuanian Foreign Minister Gabrielius Landsbergis said his country was struggling to return migrants to their home countries. He added that the Baltic nation is now confronting challenges more commonly seen in frontline EU countries like Greece and Spain that face a constant influx of migrants across the Mediterranean, and have faced similar pressure of arrivals from Turkey and Morocco.

      “The European Union should have a common strategy how to deal with these sort of political or hybrid threats,” Landsbergis said. “We need a strategy of readmission because a country — be it Lithuania, be it Greece or Spain — alone faces a rather challenging path when trying to return the people who illegally entered the country. Secondly, we need to be very strict with the regimes who are using these sorts of weapons.”

      Landsbergis called for additional sanctions against Belarus and said other countries using such tactics should face similar punishment.

      To help manage the crisis, the Lithuanian parliament will convene in a special session on Tuesday to adopt amendments to national asylum laws with an aim of reducing the time needed to evaluate applications for protected status.

      Asked if the situation in Lithuania was adding new urgency to the EU’s years-long struggle to develop a new migration pact, the bloc’s high representative for foreign affairs, Josep Borrell, said it was up to the border protection agency, Frontex, to help manage the situation.

      “That’s why we created Frontex, to help member states to face migration crises,” Borrell said at a news conference following the meeting.
      ‘High pressure’ situation

      Fabrice Leggeri, the executive director of Frontex, said his agency had anticipated Belarus seeking to use flows of irregular migrants as a political weapon, and has been monitoring the country’s borders since last fall. Testifying in the parliamentary hearing, Leggeri said there had been more than 1,600 irregular border crossings to Lithuania from Belarus since January 1 of this year, but roughly half of those, some 800, occurred in the first week of July.

      “This was clearly the sign that something was happening with more intensity,” Leggeri testified, adding: “We see that there is a high pressure that could even worsen in the next days.”

      Leggeri told Parliament that while the initial arrivals had mostly come from Iraq, Syria and Iran, this month there was a shift toward African nationals, including migrants from Congo, Gambia, Guinea, Mali and Senegal. He said Lukashenko’s government was encouraging the influx by inviting citizens to travel to Belarus without visas under the guise of obtaining coronavirus vaccines.

      “Belarus announced that 73 countries are encouraged to enter Belarus without a visa and to stay up to five days to get COVID vaccine shots,” he said.

      Lukashenko has simultaneously denied using migrants for political pressure while also warning that Belarus has no intention of halting the flows. He has effectively mocked the EU, saying last week: “We will not hold anyone back. We are not their final destination after all. They are headed to enlightened, warm, cozy Europe.”

      According to statistics from the Lithuanian Border Guard Service, a total of 1,714 irregular migrants crossed the Lithuanian border in 2021, compared to just 74 in 2020. Of these, 1,676 arrived from Belarus. According to the statistics, roughly 1,000 irregular migrants were detained between July 1 and July 11, including 377 from Iraq; 194 from the Democratic Republic of Congo; 118 from Cameroon; 67 from Guinea; 23 from Afghanistan; 22 from Togo; and 20 from Nigeria.

      The bizarre situation of Middle Eastern and African migrants arriving in the Baltics was part of a busy Foreign Affairs Council meeting that included a discussion over lunch with the new Israeli foreign affairs minister, Yair Lapid.

      Ministers also discussed the deteriorating situation in Afghanistan, which Borrell conceded was a direct consequence of the withdrawal of Western troops that was ordered by U.S. President Joe Biden. Borrell said a new international task force may be needed to try to stabilize the country and, especially, to protect the rights of women and girls, but he gave no indication of how such a task force would operate without military support.

      Ministers also discussed the continuing risk of famine in the Tigray region of Ethiopia. Borrell said the EU was trying to mobilize assistance but that it was impossible for the EU alone to address a shortage of food for an estimated 850,000 people.

      https://www.politico.eu/article/eu-deploys-border-force-in-lithuania-as-belarus-opens-pathway-for-migrants-

    • Lithuania introduces pushbacks against migrants crossing from Belarus

      As Lithuania struggles to stem the flow of migrants trying to enter the country from neighboring Belarus, border guards have said that they have begun to push back migrants trying to enter the country using irregular methods of crossing.

      Rustamas Liubajevas, the head of Lithuania’s border guard service, announced on Tuesday that “anyone who tries to enter Lithuanian territory illegally will be refused entry and directed to the nearest operational international border control point.” He added that some 180 migrants had already been sent back to Belarus on Tuesday.

      “Deterrent actions may be taken against those who do not comply,” Liubajevas said further. He did not to disclose the exact measures taken, but said the guards did not use violence to push back the migrants.

      The Baltic News Agency confirmed the reports.


      https://twitter.com/BNSLithuania/status/1422295961074814980

      Criticism against move

      The decision to introduce push backs has been taken by Lithuanian Interior Minister Agne Bilotaite, effectively allowing authorities to use force to send migrants to official border crossing points or to diplomatic missions, where they can apply for asylum legally.

      Lithuanian NGOs meanwhile have responded to the pushback of migrants, saying that it violates international human rights: “This restricts the fundamental human right to seek asylum in a safe state,” Akvile Krisciunaite, a researcher at the Diversity Development Group, told the AFP news agency.

      “Belarus is not a safe country, and human rights are known to be grossly violated there.”

      So far this year, Lithuanian border officials have detained more than 4,000 migrants — mostly Iraqi nationals. That number compares to 81 intercepted migrants for all of 2020.

      ’Cold War’ between Belarus and Lithuania

      Tensions between the two countries are on an all-time high since much of the Belarusian opposition have sought refuge in Lithuania from violent oppression following the disputed presidential reelection of authoritarian leader Alexander Lukashenko in August 2020. His main challenger and the likely winner of the vote, Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, has been living in exile in Lithuania ever since.

      Many Western governments, including Lithuania, have denounced the alleged re-election saying results were rigged. The EU then imposed a series of sanctions. Lithuanian officials now said they suspect that the influx of migrants is being staged by the Belarusian government under Lukashenko’s leadership.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/34091/lithuania-introduces-pushbacks-against-migrants-crossing-from-belarus

    • Lithuanian parliament votes to allow mass detention of asylum seekers

      Lithuania’s parliament on Tuesday (13 July) approved the mass detention of migrants and curbed their right of appeal, a move meant to deter high numbers crossing the border with Belarus but which stirred an outcry among humanitarian groups.

      Eighty-four lawmakers supported the bill, with one objection and 5 abstentions, brushing aside protests from Red Cross and other non-governmental organizations saying it violates Lithuania’s international obligations and migrant rights.

      Lithuanian and EU officials have accused Belarus of using illegal migrants as a political weapon to exert pressure on the European Union because of the bloc’s sanctions on Minsk. More than 1,700 people have entered Lithuania from its non-EU neighbour this year, including 1,100 in July alone.

      Prime Minister Ingrida Simonyte said the detention policy would prevent migrants from illegally travelling onwards to the more affluent west of the EU – the favoured destination of the vast majority of migrants reaching EU territory in recent years.

      The legislation is intended “to send a message to Iraqis and others that this is not a convenient route, conditions will not be good here”, Interior Minister Agne Bilotaite said in introducing the bill.

      She said such migrants are “not real asylum seekers” but rather Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko’s “tool to use against Lithuania”, after he vowed retaliation for EU sanctions imposed over his violent suppression of street protests.

      The new law bans any release of migrants from detention for six months after their arrival, curbs the right of appeal for rejected asylum-seekers and stipulates that migrants can be deported while their appeals are considered.

      “The law is a potential human rights violation, and it does not correspond to EU directives,” Lithuanian Red Cross programme director Egle Samuchovaite told Reuters.

      “It enshrines the current bad situation in Lithuania’s detention centres in law and leaves vulnerable people in an even more vulnerable situation.”

      Lithuania also began building a 550-km razor wire barrier on its frontier with Belarus on Friday.

      The small Baltic republic of 2.8 million people, on the poorer eastern end of the EU, is used to receiving less than 100 illegal migrants per year and has struggled to cope with the recent influx.

      Fewer rights for migrants

      Several migrants at a temporary detention centre in a disused school in rural Lithuania told Reuters on Monday they had been given no information about their rights or future, nine days after arriving from Belarus.

      They said they had not been given a chance to apply for asylum nor to speak with the help of a translator.

      The new law removes most rights accorded to migrants such as the right to a translator or to obtain information about their status and the asylum process.

      Lithuanian authorities are now obliged only to provide upkeep in detention, medical care and legal aid, but Simonyte said the government will try to do more.

      “The government intends to provide all support that is needed for those people,” she told reporters. “But if there is a very sudden influx in a short time frame, we might be able to ensure only what is absolutely needed. For that we should have a legal framework.”

      Dainius Zalimas, a lawyer who until June was the chairman of Lithuania’s Constitutional Court, said mass detention and restricted appeal process likely violate both Lithuania’s constitution and the European Convention of Human Rights.

      “The proposals, which are unconstitutional, are based on premise that all foreigners who crossed the border are second-class human beings, not entitled to constitutional rights,” he told Reuters before the vote.

      https://www.euractiv.com/section/justice-home-affairs/news/lithuanian-parliament-votes-to-allow-mass-detention-of-asylum-seekers

      #détention #détention_massive

    • EU presses Iraq to halt migrant flights to Belarus

      A number of new flights have been announced between Iraq and Belarus.

      The EU is ramping up pressure on Iraq to stop its airlines from flying to Belarus, which helps Minsk send asylum seekers into the EU in retaliation against sanctions imposed by the bloc.

      On Thursday, there were signs that the pressure was beginning to work. An Iraqi Airways flight from Basra to Minsk was canceled. However, an aircraft belonging to another carrier, Fly Baghdad, did land in the Belarusian capital Thursday, although a flight scheduled for Friday was canceled. Iraqi Airways recently expanded its schedule of flights to Belarus, while Fly Baghdad first started trips to Minsk in May.

      “We welcome the reports on the decision about the cancellation of these flights,” a European Commission spokesperson said Thursday, although they did not confirm reports that Iraqi Airways will cancel flights until August 15.

      The EU has accused Belarusian strongman Alexander Lukashenko of trying to “weaponize” the Iraqi migrants who arrive in Minsk. They are taken to the border with Lithuania and then cross into the EU; so far, 4,000 asylum seekers have entered, almost 2,800 of them from Iraq. Lithuanian Foreign Minister Gabrielius Landsbergis estimates that up to 10,000 migrants could come into his country by the end of the summer. Last year, Lithuania received only about 80 migrants.

      This migration crisis is very different from previous ones where people crossed into the EU by sea. The main access to Belarus is by air, and despite EU efforts to throttle traffic, Minsk is working hard to expand the number of flights reaching the country.

      The immediate pressure is on Iraq, but there is also an increase in flights to Minsk from Turkey, also reportedly carrying asylum seekers.

      The EU is ramping up pressure on Iraq to fall into line.

      Charles Michel, president of the European Council, got involved, speaking to Iraqi Prime Minister Mustafa al Kadhimi, while EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell spoke with Iraqi Foreign Minister Fuad Hussein.

      Talks with the Iraqis are “done in a very constructive spirit [with] the Iraqi side conveying the willingness to cooperate and jointly address the situation," said the Commission spokesperson.

      Germany, the Czech Republic, Austria and others joined Lithuania in putting pressure on Baghdad, diplomats said. An Iraqi delegation was in Lithuania last week and visited the camps where Iraqis are staying.

      Some EU diplomats say that the diplomatic effort is hampered by a lack of strong leverage over Baghdad. The Iraqis “are well aware that we cannot abandon them, we need them for our security and we cannot risk having another Afghanistan next door,” said an EU diplomat.

      The bloc did threaten last month to restrict visas for Iraqis to improve cooperation in taking back people rejected for asylum. The Commission said that “Iraqi authorities cooperate only on voluntary returns and in very exceptional cases (Iraqi nationals convicted for a criminal offence) on forced returns” and that “Iraq’s cooperation with the EU on readmission matters is not sufficient and that action is needed.”
      More flights

      While flights from Iraq are the most pressing issue, there is also worry about the increase in routes from Turkey.

      In recent weeks, Belavia — which is currently banned from European airspace after Minsk illegally diverted a Ryanair plane in May to kidnap an opposition blogger — has beefed up its schedule from Turkey. Two routes between Minsk and Istanbul that had been serviced three times a week are now flying daily. Regular flights from Izmir have been reinstated, as have several regular flights from Antalya — although those are also popular holiday destinations for Belarusians.

      There is also an effort to crack down on EU-based leasing companies supplying aircraft to Belavia.

      Brussels “must make sure that no European company can provide assets that facilitate the trafficking route,” Landsbergis told POLITICO’s Brussels Playbook on Wednesday.

      According to an EU official, several of the jets operated by Belavia come from Ireland. A company based in Denmark, Nordic Aviation Capital, has also provided aircraft to Belavia in the past. A spokesperson for the firm said it would not comment, but the company announced last September that it had delivered the last plane of a five-jet agreement to the carrier.

      Danish Foreign Minister Jeppe Kofod told POLITICO his government does not yet “have sufficient information to verify such claims” but said the case is being reviewed by Danish authorities.

      “But let me be clear: If Danish companies are involved in Lukashenko’s deliberate, malicious and cynical efforts to use migrants as a political weapon to try and put pressure on Lithuania and the EU, then that would of course be totally unacceptable and should be stopped immediately,” he said. “If European companies aid and abet the Lukashenko regime in this way, then I firmly believe we need to revisit our current sanctions in the EU.”

      SMBC Aviation Capital, a Dublin-based company that has previously leased aircraft to Belavia, said in an email on Wednesday that it had not been contacted by Irish or European authorities. The Irish government did not respond to a request for comment.

      https://www.politico.eu/article/belarus-migrant-flights-eu-sanctions-iraq-turkey

      #Irak #vol #vols

    • La Lituanie commence la construction d’une clôture à la frontière avec le Bélarus

      La Lituanie a entrepris la construction d’une clôture le long de sa frontière avec le Bélarus, accusé par Vilnius et Varsovie d’acheminer des migrants vers l’UE.

      C’est un mur de plus qui va être érigé en Europe, de plusieurs centaines de kilomètres de long.

      Tetas, une entreprise de construction qui fait partie du groupe énergétique public lituanien Epso-G a commencé à acheminer le matériel nécessaire à la construction d’une clôture de 111 kilomètres de long, a rapporté le radiodiffuseur public LRT.

      L’entreprise a aussi marqué les sections des points de contrôle frontaliers de Druskininkai, Barauskas et Adutiskis dans le sud-est de la Lituanie.

      Dans l’urgence, des barbelés accordéon vont être posés dans les sections clés ce mois d’octobre, puis la pose d’une clôture de 4 mètres de hauteur sera effectuée à partir de novembre/décembre, avec pour objectif de l’achever d’ici le mois d’avril 2022.
      500 km au total

      Mais ce tronçon de 111 kilomètres ne représente qu’une première étape. L’entreprise Epso-G prévoit de lancer un second appel d’offres dès cette semaine, pour la construction d’une section de 400 kilomètres qui doit être terminée d’ici septembre 2022.

      Le gouvernement lituanien, qui accuse Alexandre Loukachenko de mener une « guerre hybride » contre la Lituanie, a alloué 152 millions d’euros pour la construction d’une barrière de 508 kilomètres.

      La Lituanie a accueilli sur son sol des opposants au régime de Loukachenko et son parlement a reconnu Svetlana Tsikhanovskaïa comme la présidente légitime du Bélarus.

      A Varsovie aussi on s’inquiète des mouvements du voisin de l’est. La Biélorussie augmente la pression de l’émigration illégale vers les frontières de l’UE en acheminant « des dizaines de milliers d’immigrants dans son pays afin de les livrer à la frontière avec la Pologne », a assuré le premier ministre Mateusz Morawiecki.

      Tout le monde en Lituanie ne voit pas ce nouveau mur d’un bon œil.

      Dans une interview au « Courrier d’Europe centrale », l’eurodéputé et ancien ministre de la Défense lituanien Juozas Olekas estime que « Loukachenko est un leader illégitime qui […] utilise les migrants comme un mécanisme de pression sur l’Union européenne ».

      Pour autant, Juozas Olekas déclare : « Je ne suis pas favorable à l’érection de murs sur l’ensemble de la frontière et je pense qu’un travail diplomatique intensif, y compris avec les pays d’origine des migrants, ou de meilleures patrouilles, qui fonctionnent déjà, seraient des mesures plus efficaces. Je pense qu’il est inutile de paniquer, car ça ne sert jamais à rien, et que nous devrions nous concentrer sur des solutions à long terme ».

      https://courrierdeuropecentrale.fr/la-lituanie-commence-la-construction-dune-cloture-a-la-front

  • Denmark declares parts of Syria safe, pressuring refugees to return

    Denmark has stripped 94 Syrian refugees of their residency permits after declaring that Damascus and the surrounding area were safe. The Scandinavian nation is the first EU country to say that law-abiding refugees can be sent back to Syria.

    In Denmark, 94 Syrian refugees were stripped of their temporary residence permits, various British media reported this week. The move comes after the Danish government decided to extend the area of Syria it considers safe to include the Rif Dimashq Governorate – an area that includes the capital Damascus.

    According to the news platform Arab News, the Danish government said the 94 people will be sent to Danish deportation camps, but will not be forced to leave. Human rights groups however fear that the refugees will feel pressured to leave, even though their return is voluntary.

    The Danish immigration minister, Mattias Tesfaye, insisted last month that the Scandinavian country had been “open and honest from the start” about the situation of Syrian refugees, according to the British daily The Telegraph. “We have made it clear to the Syrian refugees that their residence permit is temporary. It can be withdrawn if protection is no longer needed,” the newspaper quoted Tesfaye as saying.

    The minister highlighted that Denmark would offer protection as long as needed but that “when conditions in the home country improve, a former refugee should return home and re-establish a life there.”
    ’Wreckless violation of duty’

    Last December, Germany’s deportation ban to Syria expired – but the only people now eligible for deportation are Syrian nationals who committed criminal offences or those deemed to pose a serious risk to public security. Denmark is the first European Union member to say that law-abiding refugees can be sent back to Syria.

    Human rights groups have strongly criticized the new Danish policy.

    “That the Danish government is seeking to force people back into the hands of this brutal regime is an appalling affront to refugee law and people’s right to be safe from persecution,” Steve Valdez-Symonds, refugee and migrant rights director at Amnesty International UK, told The Independent.

    “This reckless violation of Denmark’s duty to provide asylum also risks increasing incentives for other countries to abandon their own obligations to Syrian refugees,” he said.

    The organization Doctors without Borders (Médecins Sans Frontières, MSF) told The Independent that they assume people sent back to the Rif Dimashq Governorate would face similar challenges to the ones that people in northern Syria are facing, “given the scale and duration of the Syrian conflict ​and the impact of the war on infrastructure and the health system.”

    A member from the rights group Refugees Welcome in Denmark told The Telegraph that the 94 Syrians who had their residency permits revoked are facing years of limbo. “The government hopes that they will go voluntarily, that they will just give up and go on their own,” Michala Bendixen said. She said Syrian refugees now face a “very, very tragic situation,” and will be forced from their homes, jobs and studies and into Danish deportation camps.
    Denmark’s anti-migrant stance

    About 900 Syrian refugees from the Damascus area had their temporary protection permits reassessed in Denmark last year, according the The Independent. The latest decision to declare the Rif Dimashq area as safe will mean that a further 350 Syrian nationals (of 1,250 Syrians in the country) will have to undergo reassessment which could lead to a revocation of their protection status and residency permits.

    The ruling center-left Social Democratic Party in Denmark has taken a strong anti-migration stance since coming into office in 2019. Recently, Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen said she wants to aim for “zero” asylum seekers applying to live in Denmark.

    Denmark last year saw the lowest number of asylum seekers since 1998, with 1,547 people applying.

    https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/30650/denmark-declares-parts-of-syria-safe-pressuring-refugees-to-return

    #safe_zones #zones_sures #zone_sure #retour_au_pays #renvois #expulsions #réfugié_syriens #Danemark

    –---

    voir aussi cette métaliste sur le retour ("volontaire" ou non) des réfugiés syriens en Syrie :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/904710

    • Denmark has gone far-right on refugees

      Copenhagen claims Damascus is safe enough to send nearly 100 Syrians back.

      What has happened to Denmark? Once renowned as a liberal, tolerant, open-minded society with respect for human rights and a strong and humane welfare state, we have now become the first country in Europe to revoke residence permits for Syrian refugees.

      Last week, Danish authorities ruled that the security situation around Damascus has improved, despite evidence of dire living conditions and continued persecution by Bashar al-Assad’s regime. As a result, they stripped 94 refugees of their right to stay in the country. Another recently introduced proposal would move all asylum applicants outside Denmark.

      In other words, Denmark — the first country to sign the U.N. Refugee Convention in 1951 — has now adopted an asylum policy that’s less like that of its Scandinavian neighbors than of nationalist countries like Austria or Hungary.

      Thankfully, nobody is being sent back to Syria anytime soon. Under the new system, refugees have to have lived in Denmark for at least 10 years for their attachment to the country to be considered strong enough for continued residence, no matter how hard they have worked or studied. However, it’s currently impossible to deport anyone back to Syria — Denmark won’t negotiate with Assad — and very few Syrians are willing to return voluntarily. So those who lose their residency permits will likely end up in Danish camps awaiting deportation or in other European countries.

      But the fact remains that Denmark is now passing laws with obviously discriminatory purposes, with politicians on both the left and right speaking about ethnic minorities and Muslims in terms that would be unimaginable in neighboring countries. Indeed, had this law been pushed forward by a hard-right government it might not have been surprising. But Denmark is currently governed by a left-wing coalition led by the Social Democrats. What, indeed, has happened to our country?

      The answer lies in a tug of war between the Social Democrats and the far-right Danish People’s Party. Though the Danish People’s Party has never been part of a government, its representatives have spent the past two decades using their mandates for a single purpose: They only vote for bills concerning other issues if they get restrictions on foreigners in return. Step by step, the Danish People’s Party has dragged all the other parties in their direction — none more so than the Social Democrats with whom they compete for working-class voters.

      In 2001, a right-wing government made the first radical restrictions for refugees and foreigners. And while the Social Democrats first opposed it, they soon changed their strategy to fend off the challenge from the Danish People’s Party. At first, not all Social Democrats agreed to the new hard-line policy, but the party gradually came to embrace it, along with the vast majority of their voters. Today the Danish People’s Party has become almost redundant. Their policies, once denounced as racist and extreme, have now become mainstream.

      Two years ago, the government passed legislation turning the concept of refugee protection upside down: It replaced efforts at long-term integration and equal rights with temporary stays, limited rights and a focus on deportation at the earliest possibility. Paradoxically, this came at a time when Denmark received the lowest number of refugees in 30 years, and integration had been going better than ever in terms of employment, education and language skills.

      Meanwhile, the Danish Refugee Appeals Board has been stripped of its experts and cut down to only three members including an employee from the ministry of immigration, thus making it not quite as independent as the government claims, but more in line with Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen who is pursuing a goal of having “zero asylum seekers.”

      Currently, Danish politicians are discussing a bill that is even more extreme than its predecessors: a loose and imprecise plan for a contract to transfer asylum seekers who arrive in Denmark to a non-European country (most likely in Africa), where their cases will be processed. If they are granted asylum, they will stay in that third country.

      The minister says it would make the asylum system more “humane and fair,” but Danish human rights organizations and the UNHCR say it will do precisely the opposite. The plan is essentially a new form of colonialism, paying others to take care of “unwanted” persons far away from Denmark, and not accepting even a small portion of the millions of refugees in the world.

      Fortunately, it seems like the right wing is so offended by the Social Democrats co-opting and expanding their policies that they will vote against it. But if it passes, the policy could have terrible consequences for collaboration within the European Union and on the international level.

      This game has gone too far. Most Danes are not racist or against human rights and solidarity. But it’s getting hard to see how we can find our way back.

      https://www.politico.eu/article/denmark-has-gone-far-right-on-refugees
      #Damas

    • ECRE | Danemark : élargissement des lieux considérés comme “sûrs” en Syrie

      La Commission danoise de recours des réfugiés a déclaré que la situation dans le Grand Damas était assez sûr pour pouvoir penser à un retour des personnes ayant fui le pays. 350 cas de ressortissant·es de cette région vont être réévalués.

      Nous publions l’article, originellement écrit en anglais et traduit par nos soins, paru le 5 mars 2021 sur le site du Conseil européen sur les réfugiés et les exilés (ECRE) : https://www.ecre.org/denmark-authorities-widen-the-areas-of-syria-considered-safe-for-return-to-inc. Sur le même sujet, retrouvez l’article “Denmark declares part of Syria safe, pressuring refugees to return” publié le 4 mars 2021 sur Infomigrants.net : https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/30650/denmark-declares-parts-of-syria-safe-pressuring-refugees-to-return

      –—

      Danemark : Les autorités élargissent les zones de Syrie considérées comme sûres pour les retours

      À travers trois décisions, la Commission danoise de recours des réfugiés (Flygtningenaevnet) a déclaré que la situation dans le gouvernorat de Rif Damas (le Grand Damas) était suffisamment sûre pour un retour, élargissant, ainsi, la zone géographique considérée comme étant en sécurité par les autorités danoises. En conséquence, la portée géographique des réévaluations des cas de ressortissants syriens a été élargie pour inclure les cas du grand Damas. Des centaines de cas doivent être réévalués par la Commission de recours en 2021.

      En décembre 2019, la Commission d’appel des réfugiés a confirmé les décisions de première instance du Service danois de l’immigration de rejeter les besoins de protection de trois femmes demandeuses d’asile originaires de Syrie. Ce rejet était fondé sur une prétendue amélioration de la situation générale en matière de sécurité dans la région de Damas depuis mai 2018, date à laquelle le régime d’Assad a repris le contrôle total de la région. Depuis lors, un certain nombre de dossiers ont été traités par le Service danois de l’immigration et la Commission de recours des réfugiés, aboutissant à la révocation ou à la non prolongation des permis de séjour. En février 2020, le gouvernement social-démocrate danois a confirmé au Parlement qu’en dépit de la prétendue amélioration de la situation sécuritaire à Damas, aucun retour forcé ne serait effectué car cela impliquerait une coopération directe avec le régime. Cependant, malgré l’absence de possibilité pratique de retour forcé, le ministre de l’immigration, Mattias Tesfaye, a demandé en juin 2020 une accélération des réévaluations des cas de centaines de ressortissants syriens de la région de Damas, soit sur le controversé statut de protection subsidiaire temporaire (section 7.3 de la loi danoise sur les étrangers), soit sur le statut de protection subsidiaire (section 7.2 de la loi danoise sur les étrangers).

      Les dernières décisions de la Commission d’appel de refuser l’extension de la protection dans deux cas et de rejeter l’asile dans un cas, représentent une expansion des zones considérées comme sûres pour le retour par les autorités danoises, incluant déjà Damas mais maintenant aussi le gouvernorat environnant. Il s’agit d’une zone qui est passée sous le contrôle du régime d’Assad en mars 2020. Le Conseil danois pour les réfugiés (DRC), membre de l’ECRE, qui fournit une assistance juridique aux demandeurs d’asile au Danemark et une aide humanitaire en Syrie, note que la Commission d’appel a pris une décision partagée, avec des avis divergents sur la durabilité de la prétendue amélioration de la situation sécuritaire. En outre, l’organisation note que les décisions ignorent les risques évidents liés aux retours forcés : “Les risques de persécution et d’abus sont grands pour les individus s’ils sont arrêtés par la police ou rencontrés par les autorités, d’innombrables rapports révèlent de graves violations des droits de l’homme sur la population civile. En particulier les personnes considérées comme suspectes en raison de leurs relations familiales ou de leurs affiliations politiques, mais même des choses aussi aléatoires qu’une erreur sur votre nom de famille à un point de contrôle peuvent vous conduire en prison”, déclare Eva Singer, responsable de l’asile à DRC. En même temps, le DRC souligne le fait qu’en raison du manque de coopération pratique entre les autorités syriennes et danoises concernant les retours forcés, il n’est pas possible pour les autorités danoises de renvoyer les Syriens – et donc les décisions ne peuvent être exécutées. Cela met en veilleuse la vie d’un groupe de personnes bien portantes travaillant au Danemark et de familles ayant des enfants dans des écoles danoises.

      Sur la base des décisions de la Commission d’appel, le service danois de l’immigration va maintenant réévaluer jusqu’à 350 cas concernant des ressortissants syriens de la campagne de Damas. Selon la Commission d’appel des réfugiés, 600 à 700 cas concernant l’ensemble de la région de Damas devraient être réévalués en 2021.

      Pour plus d’informations :

      – ECRE, Denmark : No Forced Returns to Syria, February 2020 : https://www.ecre.org/denmark-no-forced-returns-to-syria
      – ECRE : Denmark : Appeal Board Confirms Rejection of Protection for Three Syrian Nationals, December 2019 : https://www.ecre.org/denmark-appeal-board-confirms-rejection-of-protection-for-three-syrian-nationa
      – ECRE, Denmark : Appeal Board Overturns Withdrawals of Protection Status for Syrians, June 2019 : https://www.ecre.org/denmark-appeal-board-overturns-withdrawals-of-protection-status-for-syrians

      https://asile.ch/2021/03/12/ecre-danemark-elargissement-des-lieux-consideres-comme-surs-en-syrie

    • ’Tragic Situation’ : Syrian Refugees in Denmark Are Losing Their Residencies in Bulk

      A new Danish policy has come into effect as the government of Denmark has declared its intent to deport at least 94 Syrian refugees back to their home country, saying that the decision stems from the government’s belief that certain areas in Syria are no longer dangerous to live in.

      Despite stirring strong criticism from human rights groups and organization, the Danish government has defended its decision to deport Syrian refugees who hail from the Syrian capital and its surrounding areas, saying that “an asylum seeker loses their legal status once it is no longer risky for them to be back.”

      The backlash against statements made by the Danish Minister for Integration, Mattias Tesfaye, attacked the policy saying that most refugees have already been starting to integrate into the Danish society for years, they have acquired education, learned the language, and took decent jobs, and that the decision to send them back to Syria to live under the same political regime that persecuted them during the first years of the civil war is only going to leave them in limbo.

      Online people have also been posting photos of refugees who have received revocation letters along with personal stories, many of which show how successful they have been starting their lives in Denmark.

      Additionally, social media users have widely shared the story of Akram Bathiesh, a refugee who has died of a heart attack shortly after receiving the notification of his residency being canceled. According to his family and friends, Bathiesh was terrified of going back to Syria where he had been in prison for his political stances.

      Denmark is the first EU nation to decide to send Syrian refugees home alleging better circumstances for them in Syria. Previously, Germany had decided to send back Syrian refugees with criminal records in Germany.

      According to official records released in 2017, more than 40k Syrians were living legally in Denmark, including ones with temporary residency permits.

      https://www.albawaba.com/node/syrian-refugees-denmark

      #résidence #permis_de_séjour

    • Denmark strips Syrian refugees of residency permits and says it is safe to go home

      Government denies renewal of temporary residency status from about 189 Syrians

      Denmark has become the first European nation to revoke the residency permits of Syrian refugees, insisting that some parts of the war-torn country are safe to return to.

      At least 189 Syrians have had applications for renewal of temporary residency status denied since last summer, a move the Danish authorities said was justified because of a report that found the security situation in some parts of Syria had “improved significantly”.

      About 500 people originally from Damascus and surrounding areas were being re-evaluated.

      The issue has attracted widespread attention since 19-year-old Aya Abu-Daher, from Nyborg, pleaded her family’s case on television earlier this month, moving viewers as she asked, holding back tears, what she had “done wrong”.

      Charlotte Slente, secretary general of the Danish Refugee Council, said that Denmark’s new rules for Syrians amount to “undignified treatment”.

      “The Danish Refugee Council disagrees with the decision to deem the Damascus area or any area in Syria safe for refugees to return to – the absence of fighting in some areas does not mean that people can safely go back. Neither the UN nor other countries deem Damascus as safe.”

      After 10 years of war, Bashar al-Assad is back in control of most of Syria, and frontline fighting is limited to the north of the country. However, one of the main reasons people rose up during the Arab spring remains: his secret police.

      Regime intelligence branches have detained, tortured and “disappeared” more than 100,000 people since the war broke out in 2011. Arbitrary detentions are widespread in formerly rebel-held areas that have signed reconciliation agreements with Damascus, according to Human Rights Watch.

      Areas under the regime are unstable. There has been next to no rebuilding, services such as water and electricity are scarce, and last year’s collapse of the Syrian pound has sent food prices rocketing by 230%.

      Hiba al-Khalil, 28, who left home on the refugee trail through Turkey and Greece before settling in Denmark in 2015, said: “I told the interviewer, just being outside Syria for as long as I have is enough to make you look suspicious to the regime. Just because your city isn’t being bombed with chemicals anymore doesn’t make it safe … Anyone can be arrested.”

      The trainee journalist added: “I was so happy to get to Denmark. I came here to work and study and make a new life. I’ve learned the language very well. Now I am confused and shocked it was not enough.”

      Khalil had been called back for a second immigration interview this week, and was not sure what would happen next or how she would afford a lawyer to appeal if her application renewal were rejected.

      According to Refugees Welcome Denmark, 30 Syrians have already lost their appeals – but since Copenhagen does not have diplomatic relations with Damascus it cannot directly deport people to Syria.

      At least some of the rejected applicants have been placed in a detention centre, which campaigners said amounted to a prison where residents could not work, study or get proper healthcare.

      Syrian men are generally exempt from the new policy because the authorities recognise they are at risk of being drafted into the Syrian military or punished for evading conscription. The majority of affected people appear to be women and older people, many of whom face being separated from their children.

      The parents of Mahmoud al-Muhammed, 19, both in their late 60s, had their appeal to stay in Denmark rejected, despite the fact Muhammed’s father retired from the Syrian military in 2006 and threats were made against him when the family left the country.

      “They want to put my parents in a detention centre for maybe 10 years, before Assad is gone,” he said. “They both have health problems. This policy is cruel. It is designed to make us so desperate we have to leave.”

      Denmark is home to 5.8 million people, of which 500,000 are immigrants and 35,000 are Syrian.

      The Scandinavian country’s reputation for tolerance and openness has suffered in recent years with the rise of the far-right Danish People’s party. The centre-left coalition in government, led by the Social Democrats, is in competition with the right for working-class votes.

      The new stance on Syrian refugees stands in stark contrast to neighbouring Germany and Sweden, where it is much easier for the larger Syrian populations to gain permanent residency and eventually citizenship.

      As well as stripping Syrians of their residency permits, the Danish government has also offered funding of about £22,000 per person for voluntary returnees. However, worried for their safety, in 2020 just 137 refugees took up the offer.

      Danish authorities have so far dismissed growing international criticism of the new policies from the UN and rights groups.

      The immigration minister, Mattias Tesfaye, told Agence France-Presse: “The government’s policy is working and I won’t back down, it won’t happen. We have made it clear to the Syrian refugees that their residence permit is temporary and that the permit can be revoked if the need for protection ceases to exist.”

      “It is pointless to remove people from the life they are trying to build in Denmark and put them in a waiting position without an end date,” Slente of the Danish Refugee Council said. “It is also difficult to understand why decisions are taken that cannot be implemented.”

      https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/apr/14/denmark-revokes-syrian-refugee-permits-under-new-policy

    • ‘Zero asylum seekers’: Denmark forces refugees to return to Syria

      Under a more hostile immigration system, young volunteers fight to help fellow refugees stay – but their work is never done

      Maryam Awad is 22 and cannot remember the last time she had a good night’s sleep. It was probably before her application to renew her residency permit as a refugee in Denmark was rejected two years ago, she says.

      Before 2015, Awad’s family lived in a small town outside Damascus, but fled to Denmark after her older brother was detained by the regime. The family have been living in Aarhus, a port city in northern Denmark, for eight years.

      Awad and her younger sister are the only family members facing deportation. Their situation is far from unique. In 2019, the Danish government notified about 1,200 refugees from the Damascus region that their residency permits would not be renewed.

      Unlike the United Nations and EU, Denmark judged the region to be safe for refugees to return. However, as men could be drafted into the army and older women often have children enrolled in Danish schools, the new policy predominantly affects young women and elderly people.

      Lisa Blinkenberg, of Amnesty International Denmark, said: “In 2015, we have seen a legislative change which means that the residency permit of refugees can be withdrawn due to changes in their home country, but the change does not have to be fundamental. Then in 2019 the Danish immigration services decided that the violence in Damascus has stopped and that Syrians could be returned there.”

      Blinkenberg says Denmark’s policy towards asylum seekers and refugees has become notably more hostile in recent years. “In 2019, the Danish prime minister declared that Denmark wanted ‘zero asylum seekers’. That was a really strong signal,” she says.

      “Like in other European countries, there has been a lot of support for rightwing parties in Denmark. This has sent a strong signal for the government to say: ‘OK, Denmark will not be a welcoming country for refugees or asylum seekers.’”

      Awad smiles, briefly, for the first time when she receives a phone call from her lawyer. He tells her there is now a date set for her appeal with the refugee board. It will be her last chance to prolong her residency permit.

      She had been waiting for this phone call since February. “I am really nervous, but happy that it is happening,” she says. “I am glad that I had the support from friends who put me in touch with volunteers. If it wasn’t for them, I wouldn’t know what to do.”

      One of the volunteers Awad has received help from is Rahima Abdullah, 21, a fellow Syrian refugee and leader of the Danish Refugee Youth Council. Over the past two years Abdullah had almost single-handedly built a network of opposition to deportations targeting Syrians.

      “I have lost count of how many cases I worked on. Definitely over 100, maybe even 200,” Abdullah says.

      Abdullah, who grew up in a Kurdish family in Aleppo, first became politically active at 16 after her family sought refuge in Denmark. She has been regularly publishing opinion pieces in Danish newspapers and built a profile as a refugee activist.

      “The image of immigration in Danish media was very negative. I could see everyone talking about it but felt as if I didn’t have a voice. That’s why I decided to become an activist,” she says.

      In 2019, Abudullah and a classmate, Aya Daher, were propelled to the front pages of Danish media, after Daher found herself among hundreds of Syrians threatened with deportation.

      “Aya called me up, scared, crying that her application was rejected. Before we were thinking about finishing school, about exams and parties, but suddenly we were only concentrating on Aya’s future and her safety,” Abdullah recalls.

      “I posted her story on Facebook and I sent it to two journalists and went to sleep. In the morning I found that it was shared 4,000 times.”

      The story was picked up by local and international media, sparking a public outcry. Following her appeal to the Danish Refugee Board, Daher’s residency was extended for an additional two years on the grounds that her public profile would put her in danger from the Assad regime.

      “They gave me a residency permit because I was in the media. They did not believe in what I said about my situation and the dangers I would face in Syria. That really hurt,” Daher says. “I hope I don’t have to go through this process again.”

      “Aya can get on with her life now, but I am still doing the same work for other people in the same position,” Abdullah says. “Her case showed refugees that, if you get media attention and support from society, you can stay in Denmark.”

      Abdullah gets up to five messages a day from refugees hoping she can help them catch the attention of the media. “I have to choose who to help – sometimes I pass people on to other activists. There are two or three people helping me,” she says. “It gets hard to be a young person with school and a social life, with all that work.”

      But not everyone is as appealing to the media as Daher. The people whose stories pass unnoticed keep Abdullah up at night.

      “I worked with one family, a couple with young children. I managed to get them one press interview in Sweden, but it wasn’t enough,” Abudullah says. “The husband is now in Germany with two of the children trying to get asylum there. The wife stayed here with one child. She messaged me on Facebook and said: ‘You did not help us, you destroyed our life.’ I can’t be angry at her – I can’t imagine how she feels.

      “Aya’s story was the first of its kind at the time. Additionally, Danish media like to see an outspoken young woman from the Middle East, who is integrated into society, gets an education, and speaks Danish,” Abdullah says. “And this was just an ordinary Syrian family. The woman didn’t speak good Danish and the children were quite young.

      “Aya also doesn’t wear a hijab, which I think made some people more sympathetic towards her,” Abdullah adds. “There are people in Denmark who think that if you wear the hijab you’re not integrated into society. This makes me sad and angry – it shouldn’t be this way.”

      Daher, who became the face of young Syrian refugees in Denmark, says: “It was very difficult to suddenly be in the media, and be someone that many people recognise. I felt like I was responsible for a lot of people.

      “I had a lot of positive reactions from people and from my classmates, but there have also been negative comments.” she says. “One man came up to me on the street and said ‘go back to your country, you Muslim. You’re stealing our money.’

      “I respect that some people don’t want me to be here. There’s nothing more I can do about that,” Daher says. “They have not been in Syria and they have not been in the war – I can’t explain it to them.”

      Awad hopes she can return to the life she had to put on hold two years ago. “I don’t know how to prepare for the appeal. All I can do is say the truth,” she says. “If I go back to Syria they will detain me.” She hopes this will be enough to persuade the board to allow her appeal.

      “I planned to study medicine in Copenhagen before my residency application was rejected. I wanted to be a doctor ever since I came to Denmark,” she says. The uncertainty prompted her to get a qualification as a health assistant by working in a care home. “I just want my life back.”

      https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2022/may/25/zero-asylum-seekers-denmark-forces-refugees-to-return-to-syria?CMP=Shar

  • ’Pushbacks’ in the French Alps : Migrants report immediate deportations to Italy

    Many migrants complain that they have not been able to apply for asylum when they cross the border into France. According to them, the French border police (PAF) refuse to take their asylum applications and immediately send them back to neighboring Italy.

    Paul*, a young 24-year-old Cameroonian, remembers every moment of a long night in February, when he was lost somewhere in the Alps near Montgenèvre. The young man was trying to enter France from neighboring Italy when border police officers stopped him.

    “I saw policemen coming towards me and they stopped me. It was my first attempt crossing the border. When I saw them, I immediately said ’asylum, asylum’. They said, ’No, you can’t ask for asylum’. And they sent me straight back to Italy.”

    Paul was not deterred. A few days later, he tried to cross the Alps again and this time managed to enter France without being stopped. “I’d like to settle in Brittany,” confides the Cameroonian. “I’m going to file my asylum application in the next few days and if everything goes well, I’ll make my new home there.”

    This type of behavior by French police - who turn some migrants back without letting them apply for asylum - is reportedly frequent according to the migrants InfoMigrants interviewed.

    “This pushback from France to Italy, we all know about it before we even try to make the crossing, that’s why we are so afraid of meeting police in the mountains. Because they won’t listen to anything we say,” explains Mohamed*, a Tunisian, InfoMigrants met at the Refuge Solidaire in Briançon.

    Unlike Paul, Mohamed succeeded and crossed the Alps on his first attempt, without encountering PAF or any marauders (the name used by volunteers who roam the Alpine border to help those in need). “We were lucky. We walked for 8 hours and everything went well despite the cold. We could see the police cars passing, but we were well hidden, so they didn’t see us.”

    ’Very frequent refusals’

    PAF’s refusal to respect the right to asylum is loudly denounced by the members of the association Tous Migrants. “Refusals are very frequent here [...] What usually happens is that the police arrest migrants in the mountains in France, take them to the PAF office in Montgenèvre and give them OQTF (official orders to leave France). Then they call the Italian police who come to bring the migrants back to Italy [...] All this takes place in less than 5 hours,” sums up Pâquerette Forest, the co-president of the association.

    According to law, border police are authorised to check the papers of people entering French territory, and can therefore expel any person in an irregular situation. This is referred to as “non-admittance.” However, they cannot expel a foreigner who is applying for asylum. In this specific case, they must register the asylum application and transmit the file to the Minister of the Interior, who is the only one in the position to accept or refuse entry into France, on the advice of OFPRA.

    “There is a real denial of rights here,” Forest continues, although she does qualify her remarks. “It’s important to add that not all policemen behave like this. There are those who let migrants cross through so that they can apply for asylum, but there are those who are relentless.”

    According to her, “those who are persistent” are “rare” but their behavior has serious consequences. “There have been reports of police officers tearing up migrants’ official documents, such as their birth certificates,” documents that are crucial to beginning any administrative procedures in France.
    ’Pushbacks don’t discourage anyone’

    “As a result of the fear of pushbacks, migrants are now taking more and more risks,” says Juliette, one of the association’s marauders, who knows the mountains and their dangers very well. “Migrants are going up steeper and steeper paths, getting more and more remote,” she says.

    “PAF has to stop thinking that pushbacks discourage them. They don’t discourage anyone. We’re talking about migrants who have been turned back to Bosnia, to Croatia as many as 10 times, even 20 times before managing to get through! It’s not the Alps and these policemen who are going to stop them!”

    Approached by InfoMigrants, PAF refused to let us enter their premises in Montgenèvre, less than 5 kilometers from Italy, and they refused to answer any questions.

    The Prefecture of the Hautes-Alpes region also refused to answer our requests, but they did give us some statistics. In 2020, there were 80 refusals of residence and OQTF in the Hautes-Alpes. A total of 1576 people were “not admitted” into French territory in that period.

    *First names have been changed

    https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/30195/pushbacks-in-the-french-alps-migrants-report-immediate-deportations-to

    #Hautes-Alpes #Briançon #asile #migrations #réfugiés #frontières #frontière_sud-alpine #France #Italie #secours #harcèlement_policier #montagne #Alpes #Italie #push-backs #renvois #expulsions #refoulements

    –—

    Ajouté à la métaliste sur les Hautes-Alpes :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/733721#message886920

  • Route des Balkans : les exilés passent de plus en plus par la Roumanie

    Systématiquement refoulés avec violence par la police croate, de plus en plus d’exilés passent de Serbie en Roumanie avant de tenter leur chance en Hongrie. #Timișoara est devenue un hub et les autorités de la ville se disent même dépassées.

    Du fait du féroce verrouillage de la frontière croate, de nombreux réfugiés parient de nouveau sur la #Hongrie dans leur périple vers l’Europe de l’Ouest. Et plutôt que de tenter le passage directement depuis la Serbie à cause de l’immense barrière de barbelés qui ceinture la zone frontalière, ils misent sur une étape intermédiaire, la Roumanie, pays membre de l’UE, mais pas de Schengen. Selon les données fournies par l’ONG de soutien aux exilés Logs, le nombre de demandeurs d’asile en Roumanie n’a jamais été aussi grand : de 4820 en 2017, il est passé à 6156 en 2020, dont 3000 rien que sur les trois derniers mois de l’année. Ils sont principalement Afghans, Syriens, Pakistanais et Irakiens.

    La grande majorité de ces candidats à l’exil arrivent de Serbie et ont passé la frontière illégalement. Beaucoup ont auparavant tenté leur chance à la frontière croate et se sont vus violemment refoulés. Les policiers serbes et roumains se comporteraient de façon plus humaine, selon les témoignages de réfugiés stationnant à Timișoara recueillis par Balkan Insight. Mais d’autres témoignages font néanmoins de état de violences de la police roumaine.

    Située à moins de 100 km de la frontière hongroise, la grande ville de Timișoara, à l’ouest de la Roumanie est devenu un nouveau hub sur la route migratoire. Un lieu pour se regrouper et se ressourcer avant de tenter un nouveau passage. Tant et si bien que la mairie commence à être dépassée par le phénomène : le nouveau maire Dominic Fritz a appelé Bucarest à l’aide, arguant qu’il s’agit d’un « problème national ».

    À leur arrivée dans la région de Timișoara, la police aux frontières prend les empreintes digitales des exilés et leur propose de déposer une demande d’asile. Tous acceptent, car l’alternative est un renvoi en Serbie. Ils sont entre temps envoyés dans des centres d’accueil à travers le pays. Puis après leurs deux semaines de quarantaine, pandémie oblige, beaucoup s’enfuient pour se rapprocher de la frontière qu’ils veulent traverser.

    Ces derniers jours, la police roumaine multiplie les interceptions de migrants irréguliers. Le 25 janvier, dix Afghans âgés de 14 à 23 ans ont été appréhendés dans un véhicule conduits par deux Roumains. Ces derniers ont dit à la police avoir touché 500 euros pour ce voyage. Le même jour, la police roumaine découvrait 31 Afghans, Syriens et Pakistanais cachés dans trois camions sur le point de passer la frontière hongroise. Le 5 février, c’était 40 Afghans, Turcs, Syriens et Pakistanais dans trois véhicules conduits par des Roumains et des Bulgares qui ont été arrêtés à la frontière hongroise.

    https://www.courrierdesbalkans.fr/Route-des-Balkans-de-plus-en-plus-de-refugies-passent-par-la-Roum

    #Balkans #route_des_Balkans #asile #migrations #réfugiés #Roumanie

    • PRACTICES AT THE ROMANIAN BORDER

      As described in previous publications, many
      people-on-the-move are now choosing to
      take the route through Romania from Serbia
      (and sometimes Bulgaria). With the
      continuous securitisation of the Hungarian
      border and reports of excessive use of force
      by Croatian border officials, this
      development on the easterly route is far from
      surprising. But this shift has also been
      matched with increased pushbacks, and
      UNHCR reported on an uptick in expulsions
      from Romania after the end of the first
      COVID-19 lockdown.
      Since the beginning of 2020, BVMN has
      documented 16 pushbacks from Romania,
      affecting a total of 223 people-on-the-move,
      mostly directly into Serbia. All but one of
      these testimonies involved reports of
      violence inflicted by Romanian border
      officials. Most of the pushbacks from
      Romania to Serbia seem to follow a similar
      pattern. Transit groups, once apprehended,
      are usually subjected to theft or destruction
      of their personal belongings, such as power
      banks, phones and money. Several
      testimonies include reports of Romanian
      officials burning personal belongings.
      Additionally, physical aggression at the
      hands of Romanian police is frequently
      reported, especially beatings with batons and
      kicking.
      But the violations do not end at physical
      assault. A report from December even saw
      Romanian officers forcing people-on-themove
      to do physical exercise while standing
      on their backs. This new form of abuse was
      repeated in an incident from January (see
      2.1), which included a horrific level of abuse.
      Alongside the push-up exercises, members
      of the transit group were forced to eat pork,
      while officers mocked them for their religious
      beliefs. This, among other cases, points to a
      deeply concerning trend in torture, cruel,
      inhuman or degrading treatment at the
      Romanian border.
      "A little guy started shouting, so two
      police officers started jumping on his
      legs. We all felt pain, but we couldnʼt
      shout, if we shouted, if we cried, they
      started torturing us more.”
      One other notable trend that can be seen
      throughout several testimonies is alleged
      cooperation between Romanian and Serbian
      authorities. Out of the 16 testimonies
      gathered, 12 include reports of Romanian
      border officials notifying Serbian authorities
      and handing over apprehended transit
      groups to them at the border. One report
      from June 2020, even involves Romanian
      border guards entering Serbian territory
      ordering people-on-the-move to enter
      Romania to then push them back. Other
      groups have repeatedly shared similar
      stories, suggesting that this may not be an
      isolated event.

      https://www.borderviolence.eu/balkan-region-report-january-2021

    • ’When you enter Romania, you are a dead man walking’: Adama recounts the violence perpetrated by Romanian police officers

      Adama* contacted InfoMigrants to talk about what he experienced on arrival in Romania. Beaten and humiliated by Romanian police after crossing the border from Serbia, the 36-year-old Malian is still traumatized by the violence he suffered.

      Adama*, originally from Mali, arrived in Morocco in 2018 on a tourist visa. Two years later, with the help of a friend, he obtained a new visa for Serbia. On November 2, 2020, the 36-year-old boarded a plane and landed in Belgrade in the hope of reaching France by road.

      He failed to get across the border to either Hungary or Romania many times. Each time, Adama was stopped by police and sent back to Serbia, without being able to file for asylum. On January 13, he tried his luck again with two other people he met in a Serbian migrant camp.

      “Around midnight, I climbed over the barbed wire fence and crossed the Romanian border. I tried to hide in the nearby forest with my friends, to avoid police checks. But we had already been spotted and border guards were looking for us in the trees. When they found us, they immediately started hitting us on the head with their truncheons. They hit me very hard, it hurt.

      They ordered us to put our hands up and walk out of the forest. When we reached the hill where their vehicle was parked, they told us to stop. They made us stand in front of their car with the headlights on us and their torches shining in our faces. A few minutes, later their chief arrived.
      ’They started hitting us again’

      Acting on orders from him, the other policemen brought us to our knees and hit us again with their truncheons. Then they searched our bags and patted down our bodies to make sure we weren’t hiding anything. They took all our money, I had 100 euros on me. They ordered me to take off my jacket, my shoes and socks.

      It was very cold that night, the road was snowy. I was left barefoot and wearing just my jumper, I was shivering.

      They made a fire and put all our things on it to burn: our clothes, our gloves, our hats, all our documents, our wallets, our phones, everything.
      ’I was crying’

      I got back down on my knees, I was crying. I apologized and asked them to forgive me. I was so cold. They finally took my jacket out of the fire and gave it to me, but part of it was burnt.

      Afterwards, the policemen told us to lie on the ground, face down. They started hitting us all over our bodies again for about an hour. One of my friends had his finger dislocated.

      They finally picked us up and told us to walk back towards Serbia, which was only a few meters away. The chief called the Serbian police to come and pick us up. But we had to wait another hour, still in the freezing cold. It must have been around 3am.
      ’If I see you again I’ll kill you, I’ll dig a hole and put your body inside.’

      In the meantime, the chief ordered us to do push-ups. The ground was frozen, I didn’t have gloves on. With the exhaustion and the cold, I couldn’t hold myself up and kept falling over, so the chief hit me again. He then made us do other exercises: we had to crouch down and get up as quickly as possible. Then he said to us, ’Don’t ever come back here again. If I see you again, I’ll kill you, dig a hole and put your body inside.’

      The Serbian police didn’t arrive, so the Romanian chief told us to cross the border alone. He and his team watched us for a long time with their torches fixed on us to make sure we were really leaving Romanian territory.

      We walked for several hours into Serbia until we found an abandoned building beside the road. We stayed there for a while to regain our strength. We took a bus in the early morning to Belgrade and we reached the migrants’ center.
      ’I am still traumatized’

      I am still traumatized by this story, I often think about it. I was sore from the beating whenever I moved for several days. Now I know that when you enter Romania, you are a dead man walking.

      I couldn’t sleep for several nights. I had nothing left: no more clothes, no more money, they took everything.

      I will never forget the faces of those policemen, especially the chief. How can a human being hurt another human being so much, without any reason? They could have sent us away without mistreating us.”

      *The first name has been changed.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/en/story/30105/when-you-enter-romania-you-are-a-dead-man-walking-adama-recounts-the-v

    • "On pensait qu’en Roumanie, on serait arrivés... Mais en fait, non" : à #Timisoara, les migrants portés par le rêve d’une autre Europe

      Dans cette ville de l’ouest de la Roumanie, à une petite cinquantaine de kilomètres de la frontière serbe, des dizaines de migrants, arrivés de Serbie, attendent d’avoir rassemblé assez d’argent pour reprendre la route et passer en Hongrie.

      Sur la pelouse proche du Auchan de Timisoara, la moyenne d’âge, en ce début de soirée, est celle d’une sortie de lycée. Mustapha, 17 ans, Daryab, 17 ans, Emran, 16 ans et leurs amis sont venus acheter de la nourriture au supermarché et repartent les bras chargés de yaourts, poulets et pain de mie.

      Ces jeunes Afghans, comme la très grande majorité des demandeurs d’asile dans le pays, sont arrivés à Timisoara après avoir traversé la frontière serbe, il y a quelques semaines. Cette ville à l’ouest de la Roumanie est devenue, depuis octobre 2020, une nouvelle étape sur la route migratoire des Balkans en raison de la fermeture des frontière hongroises et croates.

      Les jeunes Afghans ont le sourire malgré la présence de membres de la police aux frontières venus contrôler leur carte d’enregistrement au centre régional de réception de Timisoara.

      Leurs corps eux racontent un autre état. Leurs bras sont couverts de piqûres d’insectes qu’ils grattent en permanence. Ceux qui portent des bermudas ont les jambes recouvertes de bandages pour tenter de laisser se refermer les plaies qu’ils se sont faites lors de la traversée de la frontière.
      « En Serbie, des gens disaient que la Roumanie était un bon pays »

      Depuis la Serbie, la solution la moins chère est de passer à pieds mais il faut traverser des champs et bois qui vous lacèrent les mollets sur des kilomètres. Ceux qui ont plus de moyens tentent de passer en voiture ou bien en bateau, en traversant le Danube.

      C’est ce qu’a fait Sawda. Cette Somalienne de 18 ans est hébergée, avec une dizaine d’autres femmes de Somalie dans le centre de l’association Aid Rom (Association œcuménique des églises de Roumanie), à Timisoara. Le visage entouré d’un foulard bleu et rouge, elle raconte avoir pris un vol pour la Turquie depuis la Somalie. De là, elle s’est rendue en Grèce puis en Serbie. « J’y ai passé deux mois. Là-bas, j’ai entendu des gens dire que la Roumanie était un bon pays », raconte-t-elle dans le jardin du centre.

      Selon la jeune femme, sa grand-mère a payé 900 euros à des passeurs pour lui permettre de passer le Danube. « Nous étions une dizaine de personnes sur le bateau et nous avons franchi le fleuve en pleine nuit. C’était terrifiant parce que de l’eau rentrait de tous les côtés dans le canot », se souvient-elle.

      « Après notre arrivée, nous avons été arrêtés par la police roumaine, nos empreintes ont été prises et nous avons été placés en quarantaine pour 10 jours. Ensuite, on m’a amenée au centre d’Aid Rom », ajoute-t-elle.
      Pays de passage

      Pour le groupe de jeunes Afghans rencontrés devant le Auchan et partis de Serbie, entrer en Roumanie était synonyme d’arrivée dans l’Union européenne (UE). Le pays en est effectivement membre depuis 2007 mais il ne correspond pas à l’image que les jeunes Afghans se font de l’Europe. « En Serbie, on plaisantait en se disant qu’une fois en Roumanie, on serait arrivés en Europe, mais en fait non », raconte en souriant Mustapha, un tatouage visible sur la poitrine, sous sa tenue traditionnelle afghane marron.

      Si pour certains, la Roumanie est la fin de l’exil, pour la plupart des migrants à Timisoara, il ne s’agit que d’une étape dans leur parcours vers l’Europe de l’ouest. « Les gens ne veulent pas rester ici car il voit bien que la Roumanie n’est pas un pays très développé économiquement. Ils ont aussi souvent des amis ou de la famille dans un autre pays », souligne Gabriel Ilias, assistant de projet pour l’association JRS Roumanie.

      Quatorze ans après son entrée dans l’UE, la Roumanie est aujourd’hui candidate pour intégrer l’espace Schengen. À ce titre, les autorités roumaines ont à cœur de prouver leur bonne gestion des flux de migrants.
      Six centres de réception

      Eleodor Pirvu, à la tête de la Direction roumaine de l’asile et de l’intégration, assure à InfoMigrants que tous les exilés présents en Roumanie sont enregistrés dans l’un des six centres régionaux de réception (situés à Bucarest, Timisoara, Somcuta Mare, Giurgiu, Radauti et Galati). Les demandeurs d’asile hébergés dans ces centres ouverts peuvent en sortir la journée mais ont l’obligation d’y revenir le soir et ne doivent pas quitter la ville (sauf autorisation particulière).

      Le centre de Timisoara, qu’InfoMigrants a été exceptionnellement autorisé à visiter, accueillait 65 demandeurs d’asile à la mi-juillet mais dispose d’une capacité de 250 places. Et bientôt 100 de plus. De nouveaux bâtiments sont en construction au milieu de la cour centrale. « Ils serviront à accueillir plus de demandeurs d’asile mais aussi à abriter de nouveaux bureaux, des locaux pour les ONG avec lesquelles nous travaillons et un espace réservé aux mineurs », détaille Eleodor Pirvu.

      InfoMigrants n’a pas été autorisé à visiter les espaces de vie des demandeurs d’asile qui « doivent être rénovés prochainement », selon le directeur de la structure. Les migrants interrogés à l’extérieur du centre décrivent des dortoirs sales et infestés par des insectes.

      Par ailleurs, dans ce centre, comme dans les autres, des mineurs côtoient des majeurs. Faute de moyens, les autorités roumaines ne placent dans des structures dédiées que les mineurs de moins de 16 ans. Mustapha, Daryab et Emran sont donc logés avec des hommes majeurs.
      Contrôles de police renforcés et refoulement parfois violents

      Malgré l’interdiction de quitter la ville où ils sont inscrits, certains migrants vivent à Timisoara bien qu’ils soient inscrits ailleurs. C’est le cas de Sahel, 14 ans, et Fahrad, 25 ans. Ces Afghans ont été enregistrés dans le centre de Galati mais dorment dans l’ancienne école de mécanique abandonnée, au milieu des déchets et dans une odeur pestilentielle.

      Il y a encore quelques semaines, ils étaient des dizaines à dormir dans différents bâtiments abandonnés de la ville. Mais après l’assassinat, le 19 avril dernier, d’un jeune Afghan par un de ses compatriotes, les opérations de police ont été renforcées dans la ville et la plupart des squats sont désormais vides.

      Dans les villages frontaliers aussi, la police est de plus en plus présente et les migrants de plus en plus discrets. Il n’y a qu’à Gotlob, à deux pas de la frontière que des habitants ont vu quelques jours plus tôt quelques « jeunes étrangers » sur le terrain de football. « Ce n’est pas moi qui vais appeler la police pour les dénoncer, assure en souriant un homme rencontré devant le club sportif. J’ai moi-même fui la Roumanie pour aller me réfugier en Serbie [sous la dictature de Nicolae Ceaucescu (de 1974 à 1989), des milliers de Roumains ont fui le pays ndlr]. »

      Sur la frontière elle-même, nombre de migrants affirment avoir subi des refoulements, parfois violents. Sur la pelouse près du Auchan, Mustapha, le jeune Afghan en tenue traditionnelle, raconte qu’il a tenté de passer la frontière serbo-roumaine sept fois avant de parvenir à entrer dans le pays. Il assure qu’on lui a pris à chaque fois son téléphone.

      En janvier dernier, InfoMigrants avait recueilli le témoignage d’un Malien qui affirmait avoir été violemment refoulé par des policiers roumains. En mai, un rapport réalisé par le Danish refugee council et dix autres organisations avait totalisé au moins 331 cas de refoulements effectués entre la Roumanie et la Serbie.

      Les informations sur la frontière hongroise sont plus difficiles à obtenir. À Timisoara, les demandeurs d’asile ne souhaitent pas s’étendre sur le sujet. À peine disent-ils que la traversée se fait en camion, depuis des parkings proches de la frontière. Le passage est-il facile ? Les refoulements sont-ils fréquents ? Personne n’est revenu à Timisoara après une tentative manquée pour le raconter.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/33761/on-pensait-qu-en-roumanie-on-serait-arrives-mais-en-fait-non-a-timisoa

  • Danish government : Pushing migration outside Europe’s boundaries

    Denmark has appointed a new special migration envoy to “help open doors” towards a new EU migration policy which would push reception centers outside EU borders. The government on Thursday also said that Tunisia should take in the 27 migrants aboard the Danish-flagged tanker Maersk Etienne which has been stranded off Malta for weeks.

    On Thursday, Denmark’s foreign ministry announced it will be appointing Anders Tang Friborg to the post of special envoy on migration. The new ambassador is expected to “help open doors” towards a new EU migration policy, which the Danes hope will move towards opening reception centers outside EU borders in order to process asylum claims more quickly and return anyone who is refused protection by EU countries, the news agency Associated Press (AP) reports.

    Friborg has held leading positions in the Danish Foreign Ministry, the UN and was head of Denmark’s mission in the Palestinian Territories. According to the Copenhagen Post (CPH), he would be there to “promote the Danish government’s ideas on asylum and migration issues.”

    Towards a new system of migration

    Denmark hopes to help migrants in their own regions, in order to try and prevent them ever setting out on dangerous journeys towards Europe in the first place.

    Foreign Minister Jeppe Kofod told CPH that “the current international asylum system is inhumane, unfair and untenable.”

    “We want a system that tackles the problem of cynical human traffickers earning immense sums while children, women and men are abused along migration routes or drown in the Mediterranean,” Kofod told CPH.

    The goal of Denmark’s Social Democratic-led coalition is to prevent as many “spontaneous asylum-seekers as possible” coming into the country, reported AP. The way to achieve this goal was to establish “one or more reception centers outside the EU and thereby removing the migrants’ incentive to cross the Mediterranean,” said Denmark’s Acting Immigration Minister Kaare Dybvad Bek, quoted by AP.

    Bek added that the new ambassador would have a taskforce, which was established at the beginning of September, in order to carry out the work. Bek admitted to AP that his task would be “anything but easy.” The Danish government has not yet clarified in which countries they are hoping to set up the new reception centers.

    Migrants stranded on Etienne tanker off Malta

    Meanwhile on Thursday the Danish government indicated that Tunisia should accept the 27 migrants which have been stranded on board the Danish-flagged freighter Etienne for over a month.

    The Danish immigration ministry told the news agency Agence France Presse (AFP) in a statement that “the Danish government’s assessment is that Tunisia should honor its responsibility for receiving the 27 people [aboard the Maersk Etienne].” The ministry clarified that their assesment was “among other things based on the fact that the ship’s planned destination was Tunisia and that the migrants were rescued close to Tunisia.”

    The oil and chemical tanker Etienne, which belongs to the Danish shipping company Maersk, picked up the 27 migrants in August after it was called to provide assistance by the Maltese Search and Rescue Coordination. The group include one child and a pregnant woman.

    Since then, the tanker has been stranded off Malta and has been denied entry to Mediterranean ports.

    On Sunday, Maltese Prime Minister Robert Abela also abdicated responsibility for the people on board, according to AFP, saying the migrants on board were “not his country’s responsibility as the vessel sails under the Danish flag.”

    “Stuck at sea for 35 days and counting,” said Maersk in a tweet on Wedensday. “The crew and the people they rescued, now need rescuing from this stalemate. When will relevant authorities take responsibility?”

    ’Not a safe place’

    The ship’s Captain, a Ukrainian, has repeatedly called to be allowed to disembark the rescued migrants, explaining in video messages and statements that his tanker is not set up to host guests on board. In videos he and the ship’s crew have shown how the migrants are sleeping mostly on deck, tucked in between metal struts with only buckets and hoses in which to wash and prepare food.

    According to a press release by the UN refugee agency UNHCR, the ship’s crew have been “sharing food, water and blankets with those rescued,” but are “not trained or able to provide medical assistance to those who need it.” The UNHCR added that “a commercial vessel is not a safe environment for these vulnerable people and they must be immediately brought to a safe port.”

    The statement reads: “The Maersk Etienne fulfilled its responsibilities, but now finds itself in a diplomatic game of pass the parcel.”

    ’Conditions are rapidly deteriorating’

    Four days ago, the Secretary General of the International Chamber of Shipping, Guy Platten, also spoke up on the ship’s behalf, explaining that “conditions are rapidly deteriorating onboard, and we can no longer sit by while governments ignore the plight of these people.”

    Three of the migrants already jumped overboard in desperation, only to be recovered again by the crew of the Etienne. Platten added that the “shipping industry takes its legal and humanitarian obligations to assist people in distress at sea extremely seriously, and has worked hard to ensure that ships are as prepared as they can be when presented with the prospect of large-scale reescues at sea. However, merchant vessels are not designed or equipped for this purpose, and states need to play their part.”

    https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/27216/danish-government-pushing-migration-outside-europe-s-boundaries

    –-> Une nouvelle qui date de septembre 2020 et que je mets ici pour archivage...

    #externalisation #asile #migrations #réfugiés #externalisation #asile #migrations #réfugiés #procédure_d'asile #Danemark

    –----

    voir la métaliste sur les tentatives d’externalisation de la procédure d’asile de différents pays européens dans l’histoire :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/900122

  • Hungary: 4,903 pushbacks after EU Court declared them illegal

    The Hungarian Helsinki Committee, along with various other human rights advocacy groups, have been busy collecting evidence documenting Hungary’s continual flouting of EU law with regards to pushbacks. Since the EU Court of Justice declared Hungary’s pushbacks illegal in December 2020, a recorded 4,903 people have been pushed back to Serbia.

    András Léderer is pleased. On Wednesday, January 27, Frontex, the European border agency, announced that it would suspend its operations in Hungary.

    Léderer is senior advocacy officer with the Hungarian Helsinki Committee (HHC), a human rights NGO based in Budapest. He feels Frontex’ decision is partly due to his painstaking work gathering evidence to show that Hungary has continued with pushbacks, despite the European Court of Justice (ECJ) declaring those pushbacks illegal on December 17, 2020.

    On January 26, Léderer posted a google map documenting nearly 600 pushbacks involving 4,504 people in the month following the court’s decision. On the map, the blue dots mark separate incidences, with attached links in Hungarian and a short summary in English. The map is updated daily. As of today (February 1), a total of 4,903 people have been pushed back, according to the organization’s daily count: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/11jlrJW-SbIa-tCkbfvOJ4x2e2bteCR0zHLs0fB9g_nw/edit#gid=0

    “You know, normally it is a difficult task to prove human rights violations of this magnitude, especially when it comes to collective expulsions,” comments Léderer in his Twitter post accompanying the map. “Then enters illiberal Hungary [which] proudly publishes hundreds of them on the police official website. We just had to put them on a map.”

    https://twitter.com/andraslederer/status/1354030019874590731

    “Just” putting them on the map took its time though. Léderer says that he scoured the information on the police website, carefully translating the summaries in English, as well as obtaining information from other human rights groups on the Hungarian and Serbian sides of the border.

    “Since 2016,” Léderer tells InfoMigrants by phone from Budapest, “Hungary has managed to push more than 50,000 people back to Serbia. I would never have the time to put all those on a map.”
    The Black Book of Pushbacks 2020

    Accounts of some of the pushbacks from 2020 feature in the “Black Book of Pushbacks,” (https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn:aaid:scds:US:3f809f15-bada-4d3f-adab-f14d9489275a) published by the Border Violence Monitoring Network, partially financed by the Left group in the European Parliament. Léderer wrote an introduction for the almost 100-page Hungarian section.

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_IbJdIu2fM4&feature=emb_logo

    What happens during the pushbacks varies, explains Léderer. The most violent incident, on June 1, 2016, resulted in the death of a young Syrian boy. HHC is helping represent his surviving brother who was also pushed back from Hungary at the time. The boy was forced to swim across the river back into Serbia, and drowned on the way, says Léderer. The UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) reported on the incident too.

    “Head injuries, broken limbs, broken hands, the use of batons, the use of dogs,” all are fairly commonplace during these pushbacks, says Léderer. “Humiliation” is another weapon used, says Léderer, explaining that sometimes those caught by Hungarian police are forced to strip to their underwear, even in the middle of winter and then asked to walk kilometers in the snow “nearly naked.”

    ’Inhumane and degrading treatment’

    There have also been reports of police throwing water on participants in the winter too, which makes them wet and cold. “I’ve listened to testimonies from a small group of people who were made to sit down in a circle and close their eyes and a dog, apparently on a leash, was released on them, just before the dog could bite them, he would be pulled back. One boy wet himself and they made the others look and mock him,” explains Léderer.

    When asked if that would amount to torture, Léderer says, “I would make the argument that that is at the very least inhumane and degrading treatment.” The problem for organizations like HHC though, is “how do you prove this? There is no way to prove this,” says Lederer. “Physical violence on the other hand can be proven.” HHC have taken some of these cases to Strasbourg after prosecutors in Hungary said there wasn’t enough evidence to press charges.

    Although the Hungarian police document lots of the pushbacks on their website, they “don’t take fingerprints or check the identities of any of these people.” Essentially, says Léderer, no one knows who these people are. Hungary also doesn’t know, for instance, if any of these people being pushed back are actually on an Interpol Red List, because they haven’t bothered to check their names, documents or fingerprints.
    Ensuring they ’don’t ask for asylum’

    The reason for this lack of documentation is to “ensure that they don’t ask for asylum,” which is, in itself, contravening EU and international human rights law, but not Hungarian domestic law, which has been altered several times since 2016 to allow for these pushbacks and these practices.

    In July 2016, Hungary passed a law allowing for anyone within eight kilometers of the Serbian border to be pushed back immediately. Then in March 2017, that zone was extended across the entire country, which is why the map now shows people having been picked up in the middle of the country, at the famous tourist site Lake Balaton, as well as on the Slovakian, Romanian and Austrian borders.

    “We have clients,” says Léderer, “who arrived directly in Budapest from a war-zone [Yemen] and immediately asked for asylum. But because they had fake passports, so of course their stay was ’illegal’ they were immediately removed during the night, a single mother with four small children. She has never been to Serbia before.”

    Hungary’s legislation, explains Léderer, covers all these types of cases in one sentence. “It’s not very complex. […] It reads ’Anyone found on the territory of Hungary without the right to stay; —which in practice means expired passport, fake passport, no passport, expired visa, no visa, are to be removed to the external side of the border fence;’ that’s it.”
    ’Nothing written down’

    Léderer says there is “no procedure, there is no hearing, people are not issued with a decision, this is just taken as a matter of fact. You cannot appeal against it, you can’t seek asylum. There is nothing written down or forwarded to the asylum authority so you can’t contest it.” The woman and her children are still in Serbia and HHC are still in touch with them, Léderer says.

    Another case, that of a Kurdish Iraqi boy called Karox, dating from 2017 was featured in an HHC short film on World Refugee Day 2020.

    Karox fled Iraq after his uncle wanted to send him to the army. He arrived in Austria as an unaccompanied minor and was told by police that he would be taken to a home for unaccompanied children. Instead, he says, he was pushed back to Hungary. There in this case he was fingerprinted by the police and they recorded his wish to seek asylum. They too told him via an interpreter that they would take him to a children’s home, instead, along with a few other men, he was pushed out and told to walk over the Serbian border.

    He had never been to Serbia before, but with the help of civil society groups and a lawyer employed by them, he managed to seek asylum in Serbia and after three years has been granted refugee stauts, is living, working and studying in Belgrade. Nevertheless, HHC has taken his case to the European court in Strasbourg where it is pending against both Austria and Hungary.
    Allegations of pushbacks from Austria to Hungary

    More recently, the Hungarian police appear to have alleged two further incidents of the Austrian authorities handing over migrants to the Hungarian police at or near the Nickelsdorf border crossing.

    The first is on December 23, and was recorded by the Hungarian police as “five people readmitted from Austria.” The second one, on January 21, was noted as: “Austrian authorities officially handed over three people.” In both cases, the eight people were taken over the Serbian border by the Hungarian authorities.

    InfoMigrants asked the Austrian Interior Ministry and the police authorities for a comment on this but so far we have received no reply.

    When someone is pushed back across several borders it essentially becomes a chain of pushbacks. It seems there are not just allegations of these chains going from Austria, to Hungary to Serbia but also via Slovakia. Léderer is aware of one “off the books” pushback from Slovakia to Hungary, and then on to Serbia.
    Unknown and unregistered

    Léderer says he would like the Austrian authorities to answer why they are handing people over to the Hungarian police. “The problem is we don’t know who these people are,” says Léderer. So looking into their case files and getting answers is difficult. “I don’t think we will ever know what happened there,” says Léderer.

    Frontex, according to their own legislation, have to ensure the respect of human rights as per their charter, including the right to seek asylum. So, since March 2017, if Frontex knew about any of these people in the country they were essentially complicit in pushbacks, says Léderer, if only by turning a blind eye to what was clearly going on and being documented on the police website every day.

    “The Hungarians, in order to ensure that these people do not have a chance to seek any remedy against what happens to them, they make sure there are no individual paper trails. That’s why I can’t tell you who these people are,” says Léderer.
    Frontex withdraws from Hungary

    #Frontex might not have literally carried the people from Hungary to Serbia, but by knowing what was happening, “they have been party to what is going on. That is why Frontex have had to suspend operations,” says Léderer.

    And that is also why Léderer is so pleased. He says they have been hoping since 2016 that Frontex would suspend operations in Hungary. He thinks that the Hungarian government would have put a lot of pressure on Frontex not to leave, because their departure puts Hungary in a more difficult position.

    “After the judgment delivered in December, the Hungarian policy was dragging the entire EU into a rights violation. So this is a unique situation. You have a judgment from the court of justice of the EU and at the same time you have an EU agency that participates in this policy after the judgment and that is a no-go. I think the EU realizes that if they had gone down that road, it would have been a very slippery slope,” explains Léderer.

    Léderer says that since Frontex’ announcement, the Hungarian government has not issued any kind of statement and the decision has not been reported in the pro-government media. Léderer thinks that the police might now stop reporting the pushbacks on its website, “we shall see,” he says, but adds that he will still find out what is going on keep reporting it.

    “I think what helps, however, clichéd that might sound, is knowing that we are doing the right thing,” says Léderer as he bids goodbye. “That is really what keeps us going. I have no doubt that what is happening here is very bad and we are trying to stop it, and that is the right thing to do.”

    https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/29944/hungary-4-903-pushbacks-after-eu-court-declared-them-illegal

    #chiffres #statistiques #push-backs #refoulements #refoulement #frontières #asile #migrations #réfugiés #Hongrie #Autriche #Balkans #route_des_Balkans

    ping @isskein @karine4

    • La Hongrie ignore la justice européenne en expulsant des migrants vers la Serbie

      La Cour de juste de l’Union européenne a jugé illégale l’expulsion de demandeurs d’asile de la Hongrie vers la Serbie. Mais le gouvernement national-conservateur de Viktor Orban ignore ce jugement.

      Le gouvernement hongrois ne fait aucun secret de son non respect de la loi européenne. Un site officiel fournit des chiffres précis et recense méticuleusement chaque cas d’expulsion par année et par catégorie.

      Ces cas concernent l’expulsion de demandeurs d’asile par les garde-frontières hongrois vers la Serbie. Selon les statistiques officielles, disponibles sur le site de la police hongroise, 2 824 réfugiés ont été appréhendés près de la clôture qui sépare les deux pays, rien que pour ce mois de janvier. Tous ont été contraints à retourner en Serbie.

      Par ailleurs, 184 sans papiers ont été appréhendés et doivent encore être jugés en Hongrie. Ils seront eux aussi très probablement renvoyés en Serbie.

      Ces « refoulements » ne sont pas seulement contraires aux traités internationaux comme la Convention de Genève, dont la Hongrie est signataire. Depuis décembre dernier, ils violent également un arrêt juridiquement contraignant de la plus haute juridiction de l’Union européenne, à savoir la Cour de justice de l’UE (CJUE).

      Le verdict a été rendu le 17 décembre dernier, mais pour le moment, les autorités hongroises l’ignorent vertement. Près de 5.000 demandeurs d’asile ont été expulsés vers la Serbie depuis le jour du verdict. Le premier ministre hongrois Viktor Orban et plusieurs membres de son gouvernement ont depuis confirmé à plusieurs reprises leur intention de vouloir poursuivre cette pratique.

      « Escortes »

      Andreas Lederer, expert en politique migratoire au Comité d’Helsinki hongrois, l’une des plus importantes ONG du pas, estime que ces renvois sont « un sérieux affront » aux arrêtés de la CJUE et aux lois européennes. « Dans le domaine juridique, il arrive rarement que les choses soient claires comme de l’eau de roche », note l’expert. « Mais dans le cas des verdicts de la CJUE, c’est le cas. Ils sont contraignants et la Hongrie se doit d’y obéir. Mais le gouvernement hongrois s’y refuse ».

      Dans le jargon des officiels hongrois, ces refoulements sont qualifiés « d’escortes de migrants illégaux appréhendés vers les portes de la barrière de sécurité frontalière provisoire ». Il s’agit de la clôture érigée le long de la frontière serbe. Celle-ci n’a cessé d’être modernisée depuis 2015 pour devenir une infrastructure de haute sécurité. Des portes y sont installées à intervalles réguliers. C’est par ces portes que les migrants sont renvoyés, généralement immédiatement après avoir été interceptés.

      Une « faille »

      Selon l’interprétation du gouvernement hongrois, une faille dans le système permettrait de justifier ces refoulements. La clôture le long de la frontière avec la Serbie est située sur le territoire hongrois, éloignée de quelques mètres de la frontière actuelle. Faire repasser des migrants de l’autre côté de la frontière ne constituerait donc pas une expulsion, puisque les personnes renvoyées se trouvent de fait toujours sur le territoire hongrois.

      Cet argument a été avancé à plusieurs reprises par les représentants du gouvernement hongrois.

      Mais dans son verdict de décembre, la CJUE a explicitement jugé que cette pratique était illégale, car les personnes renvoyées de l’autre côté de la clôture n’ont finalement pas d’autre choix que de quitter le territoire hongrois, ce qui équivaut à une expulsion. Par ailleurs, renvoyer des demandeurs d’asile sans leur donner la chance de présenter leur cas constitue une violation des directives de l’UE.
      Epuisement et privation de nourriture

      Ce n’est pas la première fois que la CJUE condamne le gouvernement hongrois pour sa politique migratoire. En mai 2020, elle a jugé que les conditions d’hébergement des demandeurs d’asile dans les zones dites de transit étaient illégales.

      Fin 2015, la Hongrie avait établi deux zones de transit près de la clôture frontalière dans lesquelles les migrants pouvaient faire une demande d’asile. Toutefois, ces dernières années, les conditions de séjour y étaient devenues de plus en plus difficiles. Les couples et les familles étaient séparés et seuls les bébés autorisés à rester avec leur mère. Une extrême promiscuité régnait dans ces zones ressemblant avant tout à des prisons de haute sécurité. Enfin, la distribution de nourriture se limitait au minimum, faisant dire aux militants de droits humains hongrois que les autorités pratiquaient une stratégie d’épuisement et de privation de nourriture.

      En face, le gouvernement soutenait que toute personnes était libre de quitter la zone de transit à tout moment pour faire des courses. Une réponse peu convaincante, car la loi hongroise prévoyait que le fait de quitter la zone de transit entraînait automatiquement la fin de la procédure d’asile et le réfugié se voyant interdit de présenter une nouvelle demande.

      Depuis le verdict de la CJUE, la Hongrie a fermé les deux zones de transit. Depuis, les migrants ne peuvent demander l’asile que dans les ambassades hongroises situées dans des pays non membres de l’UE, principalement la Serbie et l’Ukraine. L’automne dernier, la Commission européenne a réagi en engageant de nouvelles procédures contre Budapest.

      « Empêcher la formation de couloirs migratoires »

      Suite à notre demande, le porte-parole du gouvernement hongrois, Zoltan Kovacs, n’a pas voulu expliquer sur quelle base le gouvernement hongrois refusait d’appliquer l’arrêt de la CJIUE de décembre. Dans sa réponse, il reprend quasiment mot pour mot une publication sur Facebook de la ministre hongroise de la justice Jugit Varga en décembre dernier, affirmant que « le gouvernement continue à protéger les frontières de la Hongrie et de l’Europe et fera tout pour empêcher la formation de couloirs internationaux de migration. »

      Étant donné le refus du gouvernement hongrois d’appliquer l’arrêt de la CJUE de décembre 2020, Andras Lederer du Comité d’Helsinki appelle la Commission européenne à prendre des mesures. « Il serait possible d’imposer des sanctions financières à la Hongrie, sous la forme d’importantes amendes pour la non-exécution des décisions de la CJUE », selon l’expert en migration. « Malheureusement, il semble que la Commission européenne ne soit pas aussi résolue qu’elle devrait l’être lorsqu’un État membre viole des lois existantes. »

      https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/30345/la-hongrie-ignore-la-justice-europeenne-en-expulsant-des-migrants-vers