• Amazon’s deal with Deliveroo faces in-depth inquiry
    https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/dec/27/amazon-deliveroo-inquiry-regulator-london-food

    Regulator says US firm’s £442m investment in London-based food courier could hit customers, restaurants and grocers Amazon’s UK ambitions have been checked by the competition watchdog after it launched an in-depth investigation into the online retailer’s purchase of a stake in food delivery company Deliveroo. The Competition and Markets Authority announced the probe on Friday after Amazon and Deliveroo declined to offer concessions in response to the CMA’s initial raising of concerns earlier (...)

    #Deliveroo #UberEATS #Amazon #Uber #FoodTech #lutte #nourriture

    https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/264d228b22203b69537b2ab920888113b26b5e01/0_122_3639_2184/master/3639.jpg

  • How big tech is dragging us towards the next financial crash | Business | The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/nov/08/how-big-tech-is-dragging-us-towards-the-next-financial-crash
    https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/1f6b9b0a4e7029a03ce38b29f11262cfadc0b701/488_477_2451_1471/master/2451.jpg?width=1900&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=eb999c9f31fab0e5b857d

    “Big-tech lending does not involve human intervention of a long-term relationship with the client,” said Agustín Carstens, the general manager of the Bank for International Settlements. “These loans are strictly transactional, typically short-term credit lines that can be automatically cut if a firm’s condition deteriorates. This means that, in a downturn, there could be a large drop in credit to [small and middle-sized companies] and large social costs.” If you think that sounds a lot like the situation that we were in back in 2008, you would be right.

    #big-tech #lobbying #économie #crash #GAFAM

    • Study this one company [Apple] and you begin to understand how big tech companies – the new too-big-to-fail institutions [as compared to banks and co.] – could indeed sow the seeds of the next crisis.

      “Apps, Netflix and Amazon movies don’t create jobs the way a new plant would.” Or, as my Financial Times colleague Martin Wolf has put it, “[Apple] is now an investment fund attached to an innovation machine and so a black hole for aggregate demand. The idea that a lower corporate tax rate would raise investment in such businesses is ludicrous.” In short, cash-rich corporations – especially tech firms – have become the financial engineers of our day.

  • World economy is sleepwalking into a new financial crisis, warns Mervyn King | Business | The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/oct/20/world-sleepwalking-to-another-financial-crisis-says-mervyn-king
    https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/5c4905976b350c556874a1d63ee85475779083bd/0_188_3500_2099/master/3500.jpg?width=1200&height=630&quality=85&auto=format&fit=crop&overlay-ali

    As the climate crisis escalates…

    … the Guardian will not stay quiet. This is our pledge: we will continue to give global heating, wildlife extinction and pollution the urgent attention and prominence they demand. The Guardian recognises the climate emergency as the defining issue of our times.

    #economy #financial #crisis

    Our independence means we are free to investigate and challenge inaction by those in power. We will inform our readers about threats to the environment based on scientific facts, not driven by commercial or political interests. And we have made several important changes to our style guide to ensure the language we use accurately reflects the environmental catastrophe.

    The Guardian believes that the problems we face on the climate crisis are systemic and that fundamental societal change is needed. We will keep reporting on the efforts of individuals and communities around the world who are fearlessly taking a stand for future generations and the preservation of human life on earth. We want their stories to inspire hope. We will also report back on our own progress as an organisation, as we take important steps to address our impact on the environment.

    More people in France, like you, are reading and supporting the Guardian’s journalism – made possible by our choice to keep it open to all. We do not have a paywall because we believe everyone deserves access to factual information, regardless of where they live or what they can afford.

    We hope you will consider supporting the Guardian’s open, independent reporting today. Every contribution from our readers, however big or small, is so valuable. Support The Guardian from as little as €1 – and it only takes a minute. Thank you.

  • Capital One : hacker stole data of over 100m Americans
    https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/jul/29/capital-one-hack-personal-data

    FBI has arrested individual who obtained names, addresses, phone numbers and birth dates of people in US and Canada A hacker gained access to personal information from more than 100 million Capitol One credit applications, the bank said on Monday as federal authorities arrested a suspect. The data breach has affected around 100 million people in the US and 6 million in Canada. The hacker got information including credit scores and balances plus the social security numbers of about (...)

    #CapitalOne #Equifax #FBI #hacking #données

    https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/3efe85d074b8aa0d48292b9e2640452a4a49b510/0_382_5760_3457/master/5760.jpg

  • Pourquoi il faut signer l’arrêt de mort du néolibéralisme - Joseph E. STIGLITZ The Guardian - 30 Mai 2019
    • Joseph E. Stiglitz est lauréat du prix Nobel d’économie, professeur à l’Université Columbia et économiste en chef à l’Institut Roosevelt.

    Depuis des décennies, les États-Unis et d’autres états mènent une politique de libre échange qui a échoué de façon spectaculaire.
    Quel type de système économique apporte le plus de bien-être au genre humain ? Cette question est devenue centrale aujourd’hui, car après 40 ans de néolibéralisme aux États-Unis et dans d’autres économies avancées, nous savons ce qui ne fonctionne pas.
    L’expérience néolibérale – réduction de l’impôt des riches, déréglementation des marchés du travail et des produits, financiarisation et mondialisation – a été un échec spectaculaire. La croissance est plus faible que pendant le quart de siècle qui a suivi la seconde guerre mondiale et elle n’a favorisé le plus souvent que ceux qui sont tout en haut de l’échelle. Après des décennies de revenus stagnants, ou même en baisse pour ceux qui se trouvent en dessous d’eux, il faut signer le certificat de décès du néolibéralisme et l’enterrer.


    Au moins trois grandes propositions politiques alternatives existent actuellement : le nationalisme d’extrême droite, le réformisme de centre gauche et la gauche progressiste (le centre-droit représentant l’échec néolibéral). Mais, à l’exception de la gauche progressiste, ces alternatives continuent d’adhérer à une forme d’idéologie qui a (ou aurait dû avoir) fait long feu.

    Le centre-gauche, par exemple, représente le néolibéralisme à visage humain. Son objectif est d’adapter au XXIe siècle les politiques de l’ancien président américain Bill Clinton et de l’ancien premier ministre britannique Tony Blair, en n’apportant que de légères modifications au système de financiarisation et de mondialisation actuel. La droite nationaliste, quant à elle, rejette la mondialisation, et accuse les migrants et les étrangers de tous les problèmes. Mais, comme l’a montré la présidence de Donald Trump, elle continue – du moins dans sa version étatsunienne – à réduire, avec zèle, les impôts des riches, à déréglementer et à réduire ou supprimer les programmes sociaux.

    En revanche, le troisième camp défend ce que j’appelle le capitalisme progressiste, qui propose un programme économique radicalement différent, fondé sur quatre priorités. La première consiste à rétablir l’équilibre entre les marchés, l’État et la société civile. La lenteur de la croissance économique, les inégalités croissantes, l’instabilité financière et la dégradation de l’environnement sont des problèmes nés du marché et ne peuvent donc pas être réglés par le marché. Les gouvernements ont le devoir de limiter et d’organiser le marché par le biais de réglementations en matière d’environnement, de santé, de sécurité au travail et autres. Le gouvernement a également pour tâche de faire ce que le marché ne peut ou ne veut pas faire, par exemple investir activement dans la recherche fondamentale, la technologie, l’éducation et la santé de ses électeurs.

    La deuxième priorité est de reconnaître que la « richesse des nations » est le résultat d’une enquête scientifique – l’étude du monde qui nous entoure – et d’une organisation sociale qui permet à de vastes groupes de personnes de travailler ensemble pour le bien commun. Les marchés gardent le rôle crucial de faciliter la coopération sociale, mais ils ne peuvent le faire que si des contrôles démocratiques les contraignent à respecter les lois. Autrement, les individus s’enrichissent en exploitant les autres et en faisant fructifier leurs rentes plutôt qu’en créant de la richesse par leur ingéniosité. Beaucoup de riches d’aujourd’hui ont emprunté la voie de l’exploitation pour arriver là où ils en sont. Les politiques de Trump ont favorisé les rentiers et détruit les sources de la création de richesse. Le capitalisme progressiste veut faire exactement le contraire.

    Cela nous amène à la troisième priorité : résoudre le problème croissant de la concentration du pouvoir du marché. En utilisant les techniques d’information, en achetant des concurrents potentiels et en créant des droits de douane à l’entrée, les entreprises dominantes peuvent maximiser leurs rentes au détriment des populations. L’augmentation du pouvoir des entreprises sur le marché, conjuguée au déclin du pouvoir de négociation des travailleurs, explique en grande partie la hausse des inégalités et la baisse de la croissance. À moins que le gouvernement ne joue un rôle plus actif que ne le préconise le néolibéralisme, ces problèmes vont probablement s’aggraver à cause des progrès de la robotisation et de l’intelligence artificielle.

    Le quatrième point clé du programme progressiste consiste à rompre le lien entre les pouvoirs économique et politique. Les pouvoirs économique et politique se renforcent mutuellement et se cooptent réciproquement, en particulier là où, comme aux États-Unis, des individus et des sociétés fortunés peuvent financer sans limites les élections. Dans le système étatsunien de plus en plus antidémocratique de « un dollar, une voix », il n’y a plus assez de ces freins et contre-pouvoirs si nécessaires à la démocratie : rien ne peut limiter le pouvoir des riches. Le problème n’est pas seulement moral et politique : les économies plus égalitaires sont en réalité plus performantes. Les capitalistes progressistes doivent donc commencer par réduire l’influence de l’argent en politique et par réduire les inégalités.

    On ne peut pas réparer les dégâts causés par des décennies de néolibéralisme d’un coup de baguette magique. Mais on peut y arriver en suivant le programme que je viens d’ébaucher. Il faudra que les réformateurs soient au moins aussi déterminés à lutter contre le pouvoir excessif du marché et les inégalités, que le secteur privé l’a été pour les générer.

    L’éducation, la recherche et les autres véritables sources de richesse doivent être au cœur des réformes. Il faudra protéger de l’environnement et lutter contre le changement climatique avec la même vigilance que les Green New Dealers aux États-Unis et Extinction Rebellion au Royaume-Uni. Et il faudra mettre en place des mesures sociales permettant à tous de mener une vie décente. Cela veut dire bénéficier de la sécurité économique, d’un travail et d’un salaire décent, de soins de santé et d’un logement convenable, d’une retraite garantie et d’une éducation de qualité pour ses enfants.

    Ce programme d’action n’a rien d’irréaliste ; ce qui serait irréaliste serait de ne pas le mettre en œuvre. Les alternatives proposées par les nationalistes et les néolibéraux engendreraient davantage de stagnation, d’inégalités, de dégradation de l’environnement et de colère, et pourraient avoir des conséquences que nous ne pouvons même pas imaginer.

    Le capitalisme progressiste n’est pas un oxymore. C’est au contraire l’alternative la plus viable et la plus dynamique à une idéologie qui a clairement échoué. Il constitue notre meilleure chance de sortir du marasme économique et politique actuel.

    Joseph E. STIGLITZ

    #néolibéralisme #capitalisme #financiarisation #mondialisation #nationalisme #réformisme #progressisme #pouvoirs #marchés #inégalités #Joseph_Stiglitz

    Sources : https://www.legrandsoir.info/pourquoi-il-faut-signer-l-arret-de-mort-du-neoliberalisme-the-guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/may/30/neoliberalism-must-be-pronouced-dead-and-buried-where-next

  • Spies with that ? Police can snoop on McDonald’s and Westfield wifi customers
    https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/may/28/spies-with-that-police-can-snoop-on-mcdonalds-and-westfield-wifi-custom

    Documents reveal rushed encryption legislation allows police to compel wifi providers to turn over information about users People accessing the internet at McDonald’s and Westfield in Australia could be targeted for surveillance by police under new encryption legislation, according to the home affairs department. A briefing by the department, obtained under freedom of information, reveals that police can use new powers to compel a broad range of companies including social media giants, (...)

    #McDonald's #Facebook #GoogleSearch #cryptage #WiFi #surveillance #web #Westfield

    https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/aec376894417749d113f606bff707feb1e6325ae/0_12_2000_1200/master/2000.jpg

  • The family that took on Monsanto: ’They should’ve been with us in the chemo ward’ | Business | The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/apr/10/edwin-hardeman-monsanto-trial-interview

    Becoming ‘the face’ of the fight
    Advertisement

    Edwin Hardeman and his wife, Mary, never expected that they would become de facto leaders of the federal court fight against the world’s most widely used weedkiller. They just wanted Monsanto to acknowledge the dangers – and potentially save other families from the horror they endured.

    “This is something that was egregious to me. It was my personal battle and I wanted to take it full circle,” said Edwin, whose cancer is now in remission. “It’s been a long journey.”

    Mary bristled when she thought about Monsanto’s continued defense of its chemical: “They should have been with us when we were in the chemo ward … not knowing what to do to relieve the pain.

    “I get angry,” she added. “Very angry.”

    Monsanto first put Roundup on the market in 1974, presenting the herbicide, which uses a chemical called glyphosate, as a breakthrough that was effective at killing weeds and safe. The product has earned the corporation billions in revenue a year, and glyphosate is now ubiquitous in the environment – with traces in water, food and farmers’ urine.

    Hardeman didn’t recognize the term glyphosate when he saw the news report about the Iarc ruling on TV. At that time, the chemotherapy side effects had devastated him – causing violent nausea, swelling that made his face unrecognizable and terrifying feelings of electric shocks jolting his body.

    But when he realized that glyphosate was the main ingredient in Roundup and that research suggested it could be responsible for his form of NHL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, it clicked: “It just hit me. There’s something going on here.”

    He filed a lawsuit in February 2016. So did hundreds of other cancer survivors and families who lost loved ones, and many of the parallel suits were consolidated as one case under federal judge Vince Chhabria in San Francisco.

    The judge selected Hardeman to be first – the so-called “bellwether” trial, meaning it would be the official test case that would inform future litigation and potentially impact settlements for others.

    It was a lot of pressure.

    “Learning I was going to be the plaintiff, the one, the face of the … litigation, was a shock,” he said.

    The unsealed emails and documents suggested that Monsanto had an aggressive PR strategy for years that involved attacking negative research and ghostwriting and pushing favorable studies.

    In one email, a Monsanto executive advised others in the company to be cautious about how they describe the safety of the product, warning: “You cannot say that Roundup is not a carcinogen … we have not done the necessary testing on the formulation to make that statement.”
    Edwin and his wife, Mary, never expected that they would become de facto leaders of the federal court fight against the world’s most widely used weedkiller.

    Edwin and his wife, Mary, never expected that they would become de facto leaders of the federal court fight against the world’s most widely used weedkiller. Photograph: Brian Frank/The Guardian

    Monsanto officials also privately talked about the company writing science papers that would be officially authored by researchers, with one email saying: “We would be keeping the cost down by us doing the writing and they would just edit and sign their names.” The internal documents also shined a harsh light on Monsanto’s cozy relationship with US regulators and its media campaign to combat the Iarc ruling.

    (The company has said it was open about its involvement in research.)

    One executive eventually revealed that the company had a roughly $17m budget for PR and public affairs related to Iarc and glyphosate.

    The unusual and severe limitations made the message of the victory all the more powerful, Wagstaff said in an interview: “We were forced, over our objections, to argue just the science. Any argument by Bayer or Monsanto that this was a sympathetic jury to Mr Hardeman … is just not supported by the facts.”

    Mary, who was home sick the day the jury announced, first saw the verdict on Twitter before her husband could break the news: “I let out a scream. It’s a wonder one of my neighbors didn’t come in.”

    With the cancer science proven, Hardeman’s legal team was finally allowed to present evidence and arguments about Monsanto’s “despicable” and “reckless” behavior – and that was a success, too. The jury ruled Monsanto was negligent and owed him $80m in damages.

    Within minutes of the final verdict, a Bayer spokesperson issued a response: The company would appeal.

    In US federal court, there are around 1,200 plaintiffs with similar Roundup cancer cases – and roughly 11,000 nationwide. Despite two jury rulings saying Roundup causes cancer, the corporation’s defense has not changed: Roundup is safe for use.

    “We continue to believe strongly in the extensive body of reliable science that supports the safety of Roundup and on which regulators around the world continue to base their own favorable assessments,” a Bayer spokesperson told the Guardian. “Our customers have relied on these products for more than 40 years and we are gratified by their continued support.”

    Bayer, which has faced backlash from investors and a share price drop in the wake of the Roundup controversy, could be pushed to negotiate a massive settlement with plaintiffs following Hardeman’s victory.

    Hardeman said the very least the company could do is warn consumers: “Give us a chance to decide whether we want to use it or not … Have some compassion for people.”

    Hardeman said it also disturbed him that Bayer and Monsanto still have not done their own study on the carcinogenicity of Roundup, even after all these years. (Monsanto has said the company has gone beyond what was required in testing glyphosate exposure risks.)

    “I worry about the younger generation,” Hardeman said. “Why haven’t you tested this product? Why, why, why? You’ve got the money. Are you afraid of the answer?”

    #Roundup #Perturbateurs_endocriniens #Pesticides #Monsanto #Bayer

  • Top oil firms spending millions lobbying to block climate change policies, says report

    Ad campaigns hide investment in a huge expansion of oil and gas extraction, says InfluenceMap.

    The largest five stock market listed oil and gas companies spend nearly $200m (£153m) a year lobbying to delay, control or block policies to tackle climate change, according to a new report.

    #Chevron, #BP and #ExxonMobil were the main companies leading the field in direct lobbying to push against a climate policy to tackle global warming, the report said.

    Increasingly they are using social media to successfully push their agenda to weaken and oppose any meaningful legislation to tackle global warming.

    In the run-up to the US midterm elections last year $2m was spent on targeted Facebook and Instagram ads by global oil giants and their industry bodies, promoting the benefits of increased fossil fuel production, according to the report published on Friday by InfluenceMap (https://influencemap.org/report/How-Big-Oil-Continues-to-Oppose-the-Paris-Agreement-38212275958aa21196).

    Separately, BP donated $13m to a campaign, also supported by Chevron, that successfully stopped a carbon tax in Washington state – $1m of which was spent on social media ads, the research shows.
    Sign up to the Green Light email to get the planet’s most important stories
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    Edward Collins, the report’s author, analysed corporate spending on lobbying, briefing and advertising, and assessed what proportion was dedicated to climate issues.

    He said: “Oil majors’ climate branding sounds increasingly hollow and their credibility is on the line. They publicly support climate action while lobbying against binding policy. They advocate low-carbon solutions but such investments are dwarfed by spending on expanding their fossil fuel business.”

    After the Paris climate agreement in 2015 the large integrated oil and gas companies said they supported a price on carbon and formed groups like the Oil and Gas Climate Initiative which promote voluntary measures.

    But, the report states, there is a glaring gap between their words and their actions.

    The five publicly listed oil majors – ExxonMobil, Shell, Chevron, BP and Total – now spend about $195m a year on branding campaigns suggesting they support action against climate change.

    But the report said these campaigns were misleading the public about the extent of the oil companies’ actions because while publicly endorsing the need to act, they are massively increasing investment in a huge expansion of oil and gas extraction. In 2019 their spending will increase to $115bn, with just 3% of that directed at low carbon projects.

    Shell said in a statement: “We firmly reject the premise of this report. We are very clear about our support for the Paris agreement, and the steps that we are taking to help meet society’s needs for more and cleaner energy.

    “We make no apology for talking to policymakers and regulators around the world to make our voice heard on crucial topics such as climate change and how to address it.”

    Chevron said it disagreed with the report’s findings. “Chevron is taking prudent, cost-effective actions and is committed to working with policymakers to design balanced and transparent greenhouse gas emissions reductions policies that address environmental goals and ensure consumers have access to affordable, reliable and ever cleaner energy.”

    The successful lobbying and direct opposition to policy measures to tackle global warming have hindered governments globally in their efforts to implement policies after the Paris agreement to meet climate targets and keep warming below 1.5C.

    https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/mar/22/top-oil-firms-spending-millions-lobbying-to-block-climate-change-polici
    #lobby #climat #changement_climatique #pétrole #industrie_du_pétrole #rapport