Nathan Brown, a professor at George Washington University and an expert on the Egyptian judiciary, said the verdict was highly unlikely to have been directly ordered by a central figure such as Egypt’s army chief, Abdel Fatah al-Sisi.
“Parts of the judicial apparatus are fully on board with the new repressive order, at least for now,” said Brown. "Many felt that they were under attack by the Morsi presidency and they have rallied around what might be called the ’party of order’ represented by the military, the security apparatus, and the top of the religious establishment.
“I think it is more a matter of a common mentality than direct co-ordination. Indeed, the court here has gone so far that it is difficult to see that it serves the interest of the regime.”
Egypt’s foreign ministry was at pains to emphasise the conditional nature of the sentences, hinting at embarrassment at Monday’s events. “The law allows the verdict to be appealed,” its statement read, in red type that was emboldened and underlined. It claimed the ruling “would be overturned as soon as the defendants demand a retrial”.