Oui, en #permaculture on parle de plantes adventices, opportunistes ou pionnières. Leur rôle écologique est souvent de « protéger » le sol mis à nu par une catastrophe (feu, inondation, éboulement, ...agriculture du labour) et de capter rapidement les nutriments libérés avant qu’ils ne soient perdus, et elles permettent de recycler tout ça dans le système en laissant rapidement place aux espèces vivaces plus matures.
Un très bon article de David Holmgren, co-fondateur de la permaculture sur le sujet :
Weeds or wild nature : a permaculture perspective
▻http://holmgren.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/PPQ-26-issue-3-2011-Weeds.pdf
I avoid using the term ‘weed’ because it simply means ‘a plant out of place’, and is therefore a description of human prefer- ences and has no validity as a scientific descriptor of plant species. The term ‘envi- ronmental weed’ used to describe species that can invade natural or near natural en- vironments simply builds a superficially ecological concept on a foundation that has no ecological basis. I prefer the term ‘naturalized species’ to describe all plants that have developed self reproducing pop- ulations outside of their supposed natural range where they are ‘indigenous’.
The term ‘naturalized’ has long been in use by botanists, and recognizes species that have achieved the first level of ecological func- tionality in establishing a self-maintaining population. The term ‘invasive species’ is also problematic because of the strong nega- tive emotions associated with it.
I prefer the term ‘migrant species’ to indicate this capacity to shift in the same way that in- vasive is used to prejudge species with the potential for movement. Most, if not all, so-called invasive species should be described by the classic ecological term ‘pioneer species’ for which a typical list of characteristics can be enumerated. Pio- neer species respond to disturbance, and almost all ‘weed invasions’ occur in a con- text of human disturbance to a greater or lesser degree
