Outrage: student movement from the margins to the heart of power | Essay | Architectural Review
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outh Africa has a long history of student protest. Black students were historically excluded from tertiary education – and therefore power – and the dramatic surge in numbers since 1994 means South African university students are a unique group, both from and of the margins yet now occupying the centre of society (or at least close to it). Historically protests were directed at white or apartheid rule and conducted away from white urbanites for whom the city was a place of pleasure and leisure, not violent and often fatal protest. The spatial organisation of South African cities situates black townships on the periphery of the city (Soweto in Johannesburg, Khayelitsha and Mitchells Plain in Cape Town, for example), reinforcing a sense of being outside the power structure and the amenities that make up contemporary urban life.