*Rapporti di monitoraggio* ❝Sin dal 2016 il progetto ha pubblicato report di approfondimento…

LLEGAL PUSH-BACKS AND BORDER VIOLENCE REPORT (2019)
On fait mention dans ce rapport de #push-back_en_chaîne entre l’#Allemagne et la Serbie :

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#Allemagne

#Trieste, valico con la Slovenia. Le «riammissioni» dei migranti. Dopo settimane di marcia nei boschi rimandati indietro anche se arrivati su territorio italiano. (2018)

►https://seenthis.net/messages/733273

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Rotta balcanica, ASGI: interrompere le riammissioni illegali al confine italo-sloveno (2020)
▻https://seenthis.net/messages/858891

#Slovénie #Italie

AYS Special: Italian Court StopsDeportation to Slovenia, Meanwhile Pushbacks Continue (2020)

▻https://seenthis.net/messages/859325#message859326

#Slovénie #Italie

Europe’s chain of migrant expulsion, from Italy to Bosnia (2020)

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La via della vergogna Sulla rotta balcanica delle migrazioni (2020)

▻https://seenthis.net/messages/891139

Balkan Region Report – November 2020

▻https://seenthis.net/messages/892443#message892912

ITALY : UPTICK IN CHAIN-REMOVALS (2020)

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The fortified gates of the Balkans. How non-EU member states are incorporated into fortress Europe. (2021)

►https://seenthis.net/messages/907907

Torture, Covid-19 and border pushbacks: Stories of migration to Europe at the time of Covid-19 (2021)

▻https://seenthis.net/messages/913644

Annual Torture Report 2020

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Push back of responsibility: Human Rights Violations as a Welcome Treatment at Europe’s Borders (2021)

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#Refoulements_en_chaîne depuis l’#Autriche (2021)

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Il ministero dell’Interno condannato a risarcire un respinto a catena in Bosnia (juillet 2023)

▻https://seenthis.net/messages/1009134

- 15 countries covered: Austria, Italy, Greece, Slovenia, Croatia, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Kosovo, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Albania

ce qui veut dire que si on inclut la France et ses 10aines de pushback à la frontière avec l’Italie (Montgenèvre en particulier) par semaine (jours !) on doit arriver à des chiffres nettement supérieurs...

#Frontex

Entre la #Suisse et l’#Italie :
Accord entre la Confédération suisse et la République italienne relatif à la réadmission des personnes en situation irrégulière
►https://www.admin.ch/opc/fr/classified-compilation/20022507/index.html
v. aussi : ►https://asile.ch/2016/09/16/decryptage-frontieres-migrants-refugies-usage-termes-chiffres

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voir aussi le rapport ASGI :
▻https://medea.asgi.it/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Report-Riammissioni-Chiasso_ASGI_31.8.16_def.pdf
signalé ici :
►https://seenthis.net/messages/892443

Entre la #France et l’#Italie :
►https://seenthis.net/messages/730361

Il s’agit de l’#accord_de_Chambéry. Décret n° 2000-923 du 18 septembre 2000 portant publication de l’accord entre le Gouvernement de la République française et le Gouvernement de la République italienne relatif à la #coopération_transfrontalière en matière policière et douanière, signé à Chambéry le 3 octobre #1997
▻https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000000766303

voir aussi le rapport ASGI :
▻https://medea.asgi.it/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/all-4-scheda-DM-5-agosto_def.pdf
signalé ici :
►https://seenthis.net/messages/892443

Et entre l’Italie et la #Slovénie (sens inverse):
#Trieste, valico con la Slovenia. Le «riammissioni» dei migranti. Dopo settimane di marcia nei boschi rimandati indietro anche se arrivati su territorio italiano.
►https://seenthis.net/messages/733273

Rapporto RiVolti ai Balcani + decisione del Tribunale di Roma:
►https://seenthis.net/messages/879033

Entre l’#Espagne et la #France:
–-> #accord_de_Malaga signé le 26 novembre 2002 entre la France et l’Espagne.

▻https://seenthis.net/messages/901308

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Un accord signé entre la France et l’Espagne prévoit de renvoyer tout migrant se trouvant sur le territoire français depuis moins de quatre heures.

►http://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/13368/france-19-migrants-interpelles-dans-un-bus-en-provenance-de-bayonne-et

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Concernant l’accord entre l’Espagne et la France, voici un complément, reçu via la mailing-list Migreurop:

C’est un accord de réadmission bilatéral signé entre la France et l’Espagne (comme tas d’autres) qui prévoit la réadmission des nationaux ou de ressortissants de pays tiers ayant transité par le territoire de l’un de ces pays.

L’article 7 de cet accord prévoit :
Les autorités responsables des contrôles aux frontières des deux Parties contractantes réadmettent immédiatement sur leur territoire les étrangers, ressortissants d’Etats tiers, qui sont présentés par les autorités des frontières de l’autre Partie, dans les quatre heures suivant le passage illégal de la frontière commune.

Il a été signé le 26 novembre 2002, et concernant la France, publié par le décret n° 2004-226 du 9 mars 2004.

Vous trouverez sur le site de Migreurop, d’autres accords signés par la France (et aussi par d’autres pays de l’UE),

▻http://www.migreurop.org/article1931.html

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Francia devolvió a España casi 16.000 migrantes en solo cinco meses (2021)

Para expulsar a los inmigrantes que entran irregularmente a su territorio, Francia y España se valen de un acuerdo bilateral de 2002 (►https://elpais.com/politica/2018/11/02/actualidad/1541179682_837419.html) que les permite la devolución en las cuatro horas siguientes al paso de la frontera. El acuerdo contempla una serie de garantías, como que los inmigrantes sean entregados a la policía española o que se formalice por escrito su devolución. Los datos de la policía francesa no especifican cuántos inmigrantes han sido devueltos sobre la base de este acuerdo bilateral, pero fuentes policiales y los propios inmigrantes han señalado que la mayor parte se realiza sin que medie un solo trámite.

▻https://seenthis.net/messages/912645

Press Release: Court find Slovenian state guilty of chain pushback to Bosnia-Herzegovina

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Civil initiative Info Kolpa, a key member of the Border Violence Monitoring Network, are sharing here the landmark judgement issued on 16th July 2020 by the Slovenian Administrative Court. The findings prove that the national police force carried out an illegal collective expulsion of a member of a persecuted English-speaking minority from Cameroon who wanted to apply for asylum in Slovenia.

The court heard the experience of the applicant, J.D., who was held in a Slovenian police station for two days and denied access to asylum, despite making three verbal requests. After this procedural gatekeeping, the applicant was readmitted to Croatia – under an agreement described by the Slovenian Ombudswoman as “against the European legal order”. From Croatia, J.D. was chain refouled to Bosnia-Herzegovina, a pattern analysed in a feature length report by InfoKolpa published in May 2019.

The Administrative Court found that the Republic of Slovenia violated the applicant’s right to asylum (Article 18 of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights), the prohibition of collective expulsions (Article 19 § 1) and the principle of non-refoulement (Article 19 § 2):

“that no one shall be removed, expelled or extradited to a State in which he or she is in serious danger of being subjected to the death penalty, torture or other inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment”.

The court ruled that the police had not informed J.D. of his asylum rights, as mandated to do so, in clear breach of domestic and EU law. The pushback also breached the prohibition of collective expulsion because the applicant was not issued a removal order, nor given translation and legal aid prior to his readmission to Croatia. In regards to the chain refoulement, the judgement found “sufficiently reliable reports on possible risks from the point of view of Article 3 of the ECHR” in both Croatia where the applicant was initially removed, and also in Bosnia-Herzegovina where he was subsequently pushed back. This is inline with evidence provided by BVMN in 2019 showing that 80% of recorded pushback cases from Croatia breached law on torture or inhumane and degrading treatment.

In a groundbreaking step, once the judgment becomes final, it will oblige the Republic of Slovenia to allow the applicant to enter the country and file an application for international protection without delay, as well as provide €5,000 in compensation. Commenting on the outcome, the applicant stated:

“I know and believe that the judgement will help those that come after me. It may not have a direct solution for me, but I know that we are creating awareness and you give more trust to the law of the country.” — J. D., Bosnia, 17th July 2020

While the Ministry of Internal Affairs have stated they will appeal the judgement, the lawyer representing J.D. stated the case is a landmark because it not only proves the human rights violations suffered by the applicant, but establishes that chain pushbacks to Bosnia-Herzegovina are “systematic and routine”.

▻https://www.borderviolence.eu/press-release-court-find-slovenian-state-guilty-of-chain-pushback-to-

#Slovénie #Bosnie

Court confirms systematic human rights violations by Austrian police

Regional Administrative Court of Styria confirmed the practice of chain puchbacks and found the Austrian police guilty of violating the right to human dignity and the right of documentation

On 28th of September 2020 eight people were pushed back after being chased and humiliated by Austrian police. Their repeated verbal demand for asylum had been ignored, and no interpreter was involved, as our friends from the initiative „Push Back Alarm Austria“ documented, as we reported earlier on, and later pressed charges in the one case of Ayoub N.

Now, the court confirmed the methodical practice of chain pushbacks and for the first time the existence of a chain pushback route from Austria or Italy crossing Slovenia and Croatia to Bosnia, including the collaboration of the police in different countries.

The actions of the police officers who intervened were purposefully aimed at the rejection of the complainant and there is no room for any other interpretation

In synopsis of the entire official act, the court concludes that there was an obvious bias of the officers against the complainant, since the physical search was disproportionate, no food was provided, and the involvement of an interpreter was omitted despite obvious language difficulties and the use of the word “asylum”, the verdict states (asyl.at/de/info/presseaussendungen/push-back-routevonoesterreichbisbosnien/?s=pushbacks).

The joint press release of Push-Alarm Austria & Asylkoordination notes that, despite a court finding that his rights were disregarded, due to a legal loophole, the complainant Ayoub N. will not be allowed to enter the country. “I was confident that we would win the case. After returning to Bosnia, I felt like shattered glass. At the moment, I am trying to sort out my life and move forward,” he said.

“We are talking about systematic human rights violations, inhumane treatment and ignoring the principles of the rule of law by police in Austria. It is completely unimaginable that this is happening without the knowledge and against the expressed will of the Minister of the Interior and his officials. If someone questions the Geneva Refugee Convention, one of the greatest lessons of the Shoah, and at the same time does not take consistent action against systematic human rights violations by the police, the only thing left to do is to resign!”

Lawyer Clemens Lahner sees the finding as a clear warning to the Ministry of the Interior to put an end to the systematic disregard for the rule of law as soon as possible: “Not everyone who applies for asylum in Austria automatically will receive a substantive asylum procedure or be granted protection. But these questions are to be examined and decided by the competent authorities or courts,” the lawyer clarifies. “If the police presume to decide who will get an asylum procedure at all, this is clearly illegal. The Ministry of the Interior has now been put on written notice, in the name of the Republic.”

Klaudia Wieser of Push-Back Alarm Austria said. “This case shows the necessity of our initiative to prevent systematic breaches of the law at Austrian borders. Austrian push-backs frequently constitute the first step of chain push-backs beyond the EU’s external borders. Sebastian Kurz is the spiritus rector of systematic human rights violations along the push-back route to Bosnia.”

The finding from Graz also puts the Slovenian government which has just taken over the EU Presidency under considerable pressure. For the first time, it is possible to prove in a court case what human rights organisations such as ours and particularly everyone within the Border Violence Monitoring Network have been documenting since 2016: a continuous pushback route via Austria or Italy via Slovenia and Croatia to Bosnia.

“If someone questions the Geneva Refugee Convention, one of the greatest lessons of the Shoah, and at the same time does not take consistent action against systematic human rights violations by the police, the only thing left to do is to resign!” — University Professor Dr. Benedek of the Institute of International Law and International Relations from the University of Graz said.

However, as in other such cases in countries along the so called Balkan Route, no higher responsibility has so far been established by a court or other instance deemed valid by the states, so we expect to see more tacit acceptance of the anti-people and anti-human rights commands by those on the top.

▻https://medium.com/are-you-syrious/ays-daily-digest-5-7-21-court-confirmed-the-systemic-chain-pushbacks-b8e0749

#Autriche

Entre #Croatie et #Bosnie-Herzégovine
Reportage tra i “nuovi” respinti dalla Croazia verso i campi della Bosnia ed Erzegovina
▻https://seenthis.net/messages/999495

#Balkans #route_des_Balkans