/economy

#Twitter fueled attacks on Muslim candidates in 2018, study finds - The Washington Post
▻https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/twitter-fueled-attacks-on-muslim-candidates-in-2018-study-finds/2019/11/04/be0bf432-ff51-11e9-9518-1e76abc088b6_story.html

https://www.washingtonpost.com/resizer/JUaE59CHwKd1tw1zIthGIWumyM4=/1440x0/smart/arc-anglerfish-washpost-prod-washpost.s3.amazonaws.com/public/5HCICGH7GEI6TC5LB7BATYDFVA.jpg

“It has become clear that these platforms do not take seriously their role providing a platform for white nationalist hate and dangerous misinformation in this country,” Omar said. “We as a nation need to think seriously about ways to address online threats to our safety and our democracy.”

#complicité #silicon_valley #violence #islamophobie

‘Flesh and blood robots for Amazon’: They raid clearance aisles and resell it all online for a profit
▻https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/flesh-and-blood-robots-for-amazon-they-raid-clearance-aisles-and-resell-it-all-online-for-a-profit/2019/02/08/f71bff72-2a60-11e9-984d-9b8fba003e81_story.html

Generic drug price-fixing investigation expands to 300 drugs and 16 companies - The Washington Post
▻https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/investigation-of-generic-cartel-expands-to-300-drugs/2018/12/09/fb900e80-f708-11e8-863c-9e2f864d47e7_story.html

“This is most likely the largest #cartel in the history of the United States,” Nielsen said. He cited the volume of drugs in the schemes, that they took place on American soil and the “total number of companies involved, and individuals.”

L’action de Teva chute après des allégations de fraude à la fixation de prix | The Times of Israël
▻https://fr.timesofisrael.com/laction-de-teva-chute-apres-des-allegations-de-fraude-a-la-fixatio

https://static.timesofisrael.com/fr/uploads/2016/09/F131011YS20.jpg

Des responsables des compagnies de médicaments, notamment Mylan et Dr. Reddy aux côtés de Teva, auraient développé un jargon pour communiquer sur la division du marché, appelé le « bac à sable », pour « un schéma de fixation des prix illégal d’envergure », selon le journal.

« Ecraser le marché » était l’expression utilisée quand une société vendait des médicaments à des prix inférieurs à ceux qui étaient convenus et l’on s’assurait que tous les concurrents obtenaient une « part équitable » des profits.

#génériques #médicaments #combines autant pour l’"#auto-régulation du marché" #états-unis

Scooter use is rising in major cities. So are trips to the emergency room. - The Washington Post
▻https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/scooter-use-is-rising-in-major-cities-so-are-trips-to-the-emergency-room/2018/09/06/53d6a8d4-abd6-11e8-a8d7-0f63ab8b1370_story.html?noredirect=on

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Attention aux faux-amis, ici scooter veut dire trottinettes electriques.

Il faudra un jour repenser la question de ces systèmes qui n’ont pas de points fixes (dont qui encombrent les villes, sont moins biens réparés et plus abîmés). Ce modèle est une certaine idée du partage qui en réalité est ouverte... à la « tragédie des communs ». Effectivement, dans ce modèle, le partage et la conservation du système devient second par rapport à l’utilité pour chaque usager. Les conditions de la tragédie des communs sont alors réunies : il n’y a pas de communauté pour « se parler » (communs, communautés et communication viennent de la même racine latine) et donc régler les problèmes.

They have been pouring into emergency rooms around the nation all summer, their bodies bearing a blend of injuries that doctors normally associate with victims of car wrecks — broken noses, wrists and shoulders, facial lacerations and fractures, as well as the kind of blunt head trauma that can leave brains permanently damaged.

When doctors began asking patients to explain their injuries, many were surprised to learn that the surge of broken body parts stemmed from the latest urban transportation trend: shared electric scooters.

In Santa Monica, Calif. — where one of the biggest electric-scooter companies is based — the city’s fire department has responded to 34 serious accidents involving the devices this summer. The director of an emergency department there said his team treated 18 patients who were seriously injured in electric-scooter accidents during the final two weeks of July. And in San Francisco, the doctor who runs the emergency room at a major hospital said he is seeing as many as 10 severe injuries a week.

As the injuries pile up in cities across the country, the three largest scooter companies — operating under the names Bird, Lime and Skip — have seen their values soar as they attempt to transform urban transit, following the successes of ride-hailing and bike-sharing companies. The scooter start-ups have attracted massive investments from Uber, the prominent technology venture capital firm Sequoia Capital and Alphabet, Google’s parent company, with some analysts estimating that some of the privately held companies might be worth more than $1 billion.

A commuter rides a scooter on 15th Street NW in Washington. (Robert Miller/The Washington Post)

But a growing number of critics — including doctors, former riders, scooter mechanics and personal injury lawyers — say the devices may look like toys but inflict the same degree of harm as any other motorized vehicle on the road, only without having to comply with safety regulations. These critics add that some ­electric-scooter fleets are poorly maintained by a loose-knit flock of amateur mechanics, making them prone to dangerous mechanical failures.

Bird and Skip have programs that give helmets to riders who request them, and Lime notes that riders must go through an “in-app tutorial” on helmet safety to unlock one of the company’s scooters for the first time.

“We also strive to reduce injuries though our vehicle design and include key safety features such as headlights and taillights, independent suspension, and a wider and higher footboard to improve stability,” a statement from Skip said.

But Bird is also lobbying against legislation in California that would require users to wear helmets.

The injured might quickly discover that their ability to sue the scooter industry is limited.

Bird and Lime, the two biggest companies, require consumers to agree to not sue — either individually or as part of a class-action suit — and instead turn to a form of mediation known as “binding arbitration” as a condition of using their scooters. They both name specific arbitration companies, while Bird also names a preferred location for arbitration and Lime requires users to first engage in a 60-day “dialogue” with the company.

Bird says its user agreement “represents an industry standard” among “transportation technology companies.”

Skip recently informed users that its arbitration agreement would be binding for users beginning Friday. Skip said the company is adding the arbitration provision as part of a revamp of its user agreement as the firm expands across the country. In a statement, Skip said the changes “make the terms and conditions more clear, more informative, and more efficient.”

Consumer advocates have long criticized binding arbitration as putting consumers at a disadvantage. Arbitration clauses — often appearing as fine print in user agreements and employee contracts — have become a defining feature of corporate contracts used by many of the nation’s most recognizable brands across multiple industries.

#Véhicules_partagés #Tragédie_des_communs #Accidents #Economie_collaborative(_mon_c..)

In expensive cities, rents fall for the rich — but rise for the poor - The Washington Post
▻https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/in-expensive-cities-rents-fall-for-the-rich--but-rise-for-the-poor/2018/08/05/a16e5962-96a4-11e8-80e1-00e80e1fdf43_story.html

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Rising rents for the poor threaten to add to the nation’s homeless population, and put an additional severe strain on tens of millions of families, often forcing them to forgo other basic needs to avoid losing their housing.

#logement #précarité #etats-unis

‘A way of monetizing poor people’: How private equity firms make money offering loans to cash-strapped Americans - The Washington Post
▻https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/a-way-of-monetizing-poor-people-how-private-equity-firms-make-money-offering-loans-to-cash-strapped-americans/2018/07/01/5f7e2670-5dee-11e8-9ee3-49d6d4814c4c_story.html?noredirect=on

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Mass-mailing checks to strangers might seem like risky business, but Mariner Finance occupies a fertile niche in the U.S. economy. The company enables some of the nation’s wealthiest investors and investment funds to make money offering high-interest loans to cash-strapped Americans.

Mariner Finance is owned and managed by a $11.2 billion private equity fund controlled by Warburg Pincus, a storied New York firm. The president of Warburg Pincus is Timothy F. Geithner, who, as treasury secretary in the Obama administration, condemned predatory lenders. The firm’s co-chief executives, Charles R. Kaye and Joseph P. Landy, are established figures in New York’s financial world. The minimum investment in the fund is $20 million.

Mariner Finance operates more than 450 branches in 22 states, according to company filings. It is especially active in Virginia, Maryland, Tennessee, Pennsylvania and Florida. Above, a store in District Heights, Md. (Salwan Georges/The Washington Post)

Dozens of other investment firms bought Mariner bonds last year, allowing the company to raise an additional $550 million. That allowed the lender to make more loans to people like Huggins.

“It’s basically a way of monetizing poor people,” said John Lafferty,

WhatsApp founder plans to leave after broad clashes with parent Facebook
▻https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/whatsapp-founder-plans-to-leave-after-broad-clashes-with-parent-facebook/2018/04/30/49448dd2-4ca9-11e8-84a0-458a1aa9ac0a_story.html

The billionaire chief executive of WhatsApp, Jan Koum, is planning to leave the company after clashing with its parent, Facebook, over the popular messaging service’s strategy and Facebook’s attempts to use its personal data and weaken its encryption, according to people familiar with internal discussions. Koum, who sold WhatsApp to Facebook for more than $19 billion in 2014, also plans to step down from Facebook’s board of directors, according to these people. The date of his departure isn’t (...)

#Facebook #WhatsApp #cryptage #données

Lockheed Martin got $35.2 billion from taxpayers last year. That’s more than many federal agencies.
▻https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/in-trumps-budget-lockheed-looms-almost-as-large-as-the-state-department/2018/02/15/e7eb3aa8-11c1-11e8-9570-29c9830535e5_story.html

This miracle weed killer was supposed to save farms. Instead, it’s devastating them.
▻https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/this-miracle-weed-killer-was-supposed-to-save-farms-instead-its-devastating-them/2017/08/29/33a21a56-88e3-11e7-961d-2f373b3977ee_story.html

The #dicamba system, approved for use for the first time this spring, was supposed to break the cycle and guarantee weed control in soybeans and cotton. The herbicide — used in combination with a genetically modified dicamba-resistant soybean — promises better control of unwanted plants such as pigweed, which has become resistant to common weed killers.

The problem, farmers and weed scientists say, is that dicamba has drifted from the fields where it was sprayed, damaging millions of acres of unprotected soybeans and other crops in what some are calling a man-made disaster. Critics say that the herbicide was approved by federal officials without enough data, particularly on the critical question of whether it could drift off target.

▻https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dicamba

Dicamba came under scrutiny due to its tendency to vaporize from treated fields and spread to neighboring crops.[12] Monsanto began offering crops resistant to dicamba before a reformulated and drift resistant herbicide, which they claimed would be less likely to affect neighboring fields, had gained approval from the Environmental Protection Agency. Incidents in which dicamba affected neighboring fields led to complaints from farmers and fines in some US states.[A] A lower volatility formulation, M1768, was approved by the EPA in November 2016.[14] However, this formulation has not been evaluated by experts outside of Monsanto.[15]

Why your ‘organic’ milk may not be organic - The Washington Post
▻https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/why-your-organic-milk-may-not-be-organic/2017/05/01/708ce5bc-ed76-11e6-9662-6eedf1627882_story.html

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The “USDA Organic” seal that appears on food packaging — essentially a USDA guarantee of quality — was created by federal rules in 2000.

Until then, convincing customers that a product was “organic” could be a murky proposition — everyone relied on informal definitions of organic and informal measures of trust.

The “#USDA_Organic” seal changed that, standardizing concepts and setting rules. It has proved a boon: Organic food sales rose from about $6 billion annually in 2000 to $40 billion in 2015, according to the Organic Trade Association.

The integrity of the new label, however, rested on an unusual system of inspections.

Under organic rules, the USDA typically does not inspect farms. Instead, farmers hire their own inspectors from lists of private companies and other organizations licensed by the #USDA. An inspector makes an annual visit, arranged days or weeks in advance. Only 5 percent of inspections are expected to be done unannounced.

#bio #Etats-Unis #fraude #bizness

Ma (troisième) journée avec Trump

The Positive Reframe: Why Trump’s Inauguration is Not the Beginning of an Era — but the End

▻https://shift.newco.co/https-medium-com-peteleyden-why-trumps-inauguration-is-not-the-beginning

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Why Trump’s Inauguration is Not the Beginning of an Era — but the End

“We are suffering just now from a bad attack of economic pessimism. It is common to hear people say that the epoch of enormous economic progress which characterized the 19th century is over; that the rapid improvement in the standard of life is now going to slow down — at any rate in Great Britain; that a decline in prosperity is more likely than an improvement in the decade which lies ahead of us.

I believe that this is a wildly mistaken interpretation of what is happening to us. We are suffering, not from the rheumatics of old age, but from the growing-pains of over-rapid changes, from the painfulness of readjustment between one economic period and another…”

–—

White House to issue executive order on “safe zones” in Syria, ban on Muslim immigrants and refugees - World Socialist Web Site

▻http://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2017/01/27/syri-j27.html

White House to issue executive order on “safe zones” in Syria, ban on Muslim immigrants and refugees
By Niles Niemuth
27 January 2017

US President Donald Trump declared in an extended interview with ABC News broadcast Wednesday that he will sign an executive order directing authorities to implement US controlled “safe zones” in Syria. The order would also block the entry of refugees and immigrants from a number of majority Muslim countries, including Syria.

–—

Breakdown in Mexico-US relations as Trump threatens trade war - World Socialist Web Site

▻http://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2017/01/27/mex-j27.html

Breakdown in Mexico-US relations as Trump threatens trade war
By Eric London
27 January 2017

On Wednesday Donald Trump announced the construction of a wall along the US’s southern border, provoking a diplomatic crisis without precedent in the modern history of US-Mexico relations. When Trump repeated his ultimatum that Mexico pay for the cost of construction, Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto cancelled a visit to the White House that had been planned for January 31.

–—

Trump’s meeting with the UK’s Theresa May and the US/European conflict - World Socialist Web Site

▻http://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2017/01/27/pers-j27.html

Trump’s meeting with the UK’s Theresa May and the US/European conflict
27 January 2017

UK Prime Minister Theresa May expected today’s meeting with US President Donald Trump to be a political coup. It was to prove that Britain had a powerful ally in pursuing its exit from the European Union and could obtain a US trade deal to compensate for the possible loss of access to Europe’s Single Market. Trump’s support could even strengthen May’s hand in negotiations with Germany and France.

–—

Trump is starting a trade war we don’t need - The Washington Post
▻https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/a-trade-war-we-dont-need/2017/01/26/9d6bb964-e416-11e6-a547-5fb9411d332c_story.html

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UNTIL A few days ago, the U.S.-Mexico relationship was a strong one that benefited both countries. In the first week of his term, President Trump seems determined to change that — and for no good reason.

After decades of economic integration, the United States and its southern neighbor have established a valuable trading relationship exchanging $1.4 billion in goods every day. Mexico is the second-largest foreign market for U.S.-made products.

–—

White House says Mexico border wall might be funded by tax on imports - The Washington Post
▻https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/mexican-president-cancels-visit-to-washington-as-tensions-with-trump-administration-intensify/2017/01/26/ececc3da-e3d9-11e6-a419-eefe8eff0835_story.html

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MEXICO CITY — A deep rift opened Thursday between the United States and its southern neighbor as the Trump administration pressed forward with a plan for a giant border wall and insisted that Mexico would pay for it, possibly through a U.S. tax on imports.

President Enrique Peña Nieto on Thursday called off a trip to Washington after emphasizing that Mexico would not finance the wall. Hours later, Trump’s press secretary, Sean Spicer, said the border barrier would be funded by a 20 percent import tax on goods from Mexico.

–—

Trump lays groundwork to change U.S. role in the world - The Washington Post
▻https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/trump-lays-groundwork-to-change-us-role-in-the-world/2017/01/26/812998e6-e404-11e6-a547-5fb9411d332c_story.html

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President Trump began this week to reshape the U.S. role in the world, laying the groundwork, in a series of planned and signed executive actions and statements, for the “America first” foreign policy on which he campaigned.

Already, Trump has mandated construction of a border wall with Mexico and a clampdown on local immigration enforcement. Other directives drafted but not yet signed would halt all refu­gee admissions and entry into the United States of citizens from seven Muslim-majority countries deemed terrorist hotbeds; declare a moratorium on new multilateral treaties; and mandate audits of U.S. funding for international organizations, including the United Nations, with a view toward cutting U.S. voluntary contributions by 40 percent.

–—

In these six American towns, laws targeting ‘the illegals’ didn’t go as planned - The Washington Post
▻https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/in-these-six-american-towns-laws-targeting-the-illegals-didnt-go-as-planned/2017/01/26/b3410c4a-d9d4-11e6-9f9f-5cdb4b7f8dd7_story.html

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HAZLETON, Pa. — Starting a decade ago, a group of small U.S. cities began passing laws to block undocumented immigrants from living within their borders.

They were a collection of mostly white exurbs and faded manufacturing towns whose populations suddenly were transforming. More Latinos were arriving in search of jobs, and the towns’ leaders complained of burdened schools and higher crime.

–—

#états-unis #trump

Le WaPo fait désormais précéder son (fameux) article sur le rôle de la propagande russe dans les fake news qui auraient permis l’élection de Trump d’un avertissement : « attention, cet article repose sur une source dont le manque de sérieux est désormais reconnu, il se base sur une liste de médias farfelue, et maintenant vous pouvez continuer à lire… »

Russian propaganda effort helped spread ‘fake news’ during election, experts say
►https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/russian-propaganda-effort-helped-spread-fake-news-during-election-experts-say/2016/11/24/793903b6-8a40-4ca9-b712-716af66098fe_story.html

Editor’s Note: The Washington Post on Nov. 24 published a story on the work of four sets of researchers who have examined what they say are Russian propaganda efforts to undermine American democracy and interests. One of them was PropOrNot, a group that insists on public anonymity, which issued a report identifying more than 200 websites that, in its view, wittingly or unwittingly published or echoed Russian propaganda. A number of those sites have objected to being included on PropOrNot’s list, and some of the sites, as well as others not on the list, have publicly challenged the group’s methodology and conclusions. The Post, which did not name any of the sites, does not itself vouch for the validity of PropOrNot’s findings regarding any individual media outlet, nor did the article purport to do so. Since publication of The Post’s story, PropOrNot has removed some sites from its list.

Drone warfare heads under the seas as U.S. seeks advantage over rivals
▻https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/drone-warfare-heads-under-the-seas-as-us-seeks-advantage-over-rivals/2016/11/24/9f756572-9c61-11e6-b3c9-f662adaa0048_story.html

Despite the immense difficulties, the Navy has been testing and fielding several new systems designed to map the ocean floor, seek out mines, search for submarines and even launch attacks. While the unmanned crafts are now able to stay out for days or weeks, the goal is to create an underwater network of service stations that would allow the vehicles to do their jobs for months — and eventually years.

Military officials say there is a sense of urgency because the undersea domain, while often overlooked, could one day be as contested as the surface of the sea, the skies — and even space.

[...] In 2015, the Navy appointed its first deputy assistant secretary for unmanned systems. And the Pentagon plans to invest as much as $3 billion in undersea systems in the coming years.

#drones #guerres #militarisation #mers #oceans

Russian propaganda effort helped spread ‘fake news’ during election, experts say - The Washington Post
►https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/russian-propaganda-effort-helped-spread-fake-news-during-election-experts-say/2016/11/24/793903b6-8a40-4ca9-b712-716af66098fe_story.html

https://img.washingtonpost.com/rf/image_1484w/2010-2019/WashingtonPost/2016/11/24/National-Economy/Images/GettyImages-1703343031473444970.jpg

PropOrNot’s monitoring report (…) identifies more than 200 websites as routine peddlers of Russian propaganda during the election season, with combined audiences of at least 15 million Americans. On Facebook, PropOrNot estimates that stories planted or promoted by the disinformation campaign were viewed more than 213 million times.

Some players in this online echo chamber were knowingly part of the propaganda campaign, the researchers concluded, while others were “useful idiots”

(…) Some of these stories originated with RT and Sputnik, state-funded Russian information services that mimic the style and tone of independent news organizations yet sometimes include false and misleading stories (…)

The speed and coordination of these efforts allowed Russian-backed phony news to outcompete traditional news organizations for audience. Some of the first and most alarming tweets after Clinton fell ill at a Sept. 11 memorial event in New York, for example, came from Russian botnets and trolls, researchers found.

(…) a variety of other false stories — fake reports of a coup launched at Incirlik Air Base in Turkey and stories about how the United States was going to conduct a military attack and blame it on Russia — to Russian propaganda efforts.

(…) supposed election irregularities, allegations of vote-rigging and the potential for Election Day violence should Clinton win, researchers said.

(…) the U.S. government has few tools for detecting or combating foreign propaganda. They expressed hope that their research detailing the power of Russian propaganda would spur official action.

A former U.S. ambassador to Russia, Michael A. McFaul, said he was struck by the overt support that RT and Sputnik expressed for Trump during the campaign, even using the #CrookedHillary hashtag pushed by the candidate.

Explosion d’une fusée de SpaceX sur son pas de tir en Floride
▻http://www.lemonde.fr/ameriques/article/2016/09/01/explosions-sur-la-rampe-de-lancement-d-une-fusee-de-spacex_4991175_3222.html

Une fusée #Falcon_9 de #SpaceX a explosé sur son pas de tir jeudi 1er septembre au centre spatial Kennedy au cap Canaveral en Floride lors d’un test de ses moteurs. Le lanceur et son satellite ont été détruits, a indiqué un porte-parole de la société privée américaine, ajoutant qu’il n’y avait aucun blessé. Falcon devait lancer le satellite israélien de communication Amos-6 tôt vendredi.

The Information Sage by Joshua Yaffa | The Washington Monthly
▻http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/magazine/mayjune_2011/features/the_information_sage029137.php?page=all

Alors : un long portrait de celui qu’on appelle le gourou de la visualisation, Edward Tufte. A lire et à discuter.

http://s3.amazonaws.com/wamo/mag/1105/1105.yaffa_article.jpg

One day in the spring of 2009, Edward Tufte, the statistician and graphic design theorist, took the train from his home in Cheshire, Connecticut, to Washington, D.C., for a meeting with a few members of the Obama administration. A few weeks earlier, he had received a phone call from Earl Devaney, a former inspector general in the Department of the Interior, who is best known for leading that agency’s investigation of the lobbyist Jack Abramoff. Devaney had recently been appointed head of the Recovery Act Accountability and Transparency Board, the body created by the Obama administration to keep track of the $780 billion in federal stimulus money that has spread out across the country.

Whereas Devaney once led a team of professional investigators responsible for sniffing out waste, fraud, and abuse, he was now faced with a rather different, but related, task: designing a Web site. In the stimulus bill, Congress had called for the creation of “user-friendly visual presentations” of data that would allow the American public to watch over the disbursement of the giant funding package. This wasn’t exactly familiar territory for Devaney, a career lawman. Perhaps Tufte could offer some advice?

#tufte #visualisation #cartographie