Troubles de l’attention, du sommeil, du langage… « La multiplication des écrans engendre une décérébration à grande échelle »
▻https://www.lemonde.fr/sciences/article/2019/10/21/michel-desmurget-la-multiplication-des-ecrans-engendre-une-decerebration-a-g
Pour le neuroscientifique Michel Desmurger, laisser les #enfants et les #adolescents face à des #écrans relève de la #maltraitance. Il alerte sur ce qu’il considère comme un problème majeur de #santé publique.
America’s elderly seem more screen-obsessed than the young : seniors spend nearly ten hours a day in front of televisions, smartphones and computers ▻https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2019/08/14/americas-elderly-seem-more-screen-obsessed-than-the-young
MANY PARENTS and grandparents will grumble about today’s screen-obsessed youth. Indeed, researchers find that millennials look at their phones more than 150 times a day; half of them check their devices in the middle of the night; a third glance at them immediately after waking up. And yet, when all screens are accounted for, it is in fact older folk who seem most addicted.
According to Nielsen, a market-research firm, Americans aged 65 and over spend nearly ten hours a day consuming media on their televisions, computers and smartphones. That is 12% more than Americans aged 35 to 49, and a third more than those aged 18 to 34 (the youngest cohort for whom Nielsen has data).
Most of that gap can be explained by TV. American seniors—three-quarters of whom are retired—spend an average of seven hours and 30 minutes in front of the box, about as much as they did in 2015 (this includes time spent engaged in other activities while the television is blaring in the background). They spend another two hours staring at their smartphones, a more than seven-fold increase from four years ago (see chart).
The amount of time that millennials devote to their mobile devices has also grown in the same period, from about one hour and 30 minutes to three hours and 30 minutes. But that has been largely offset by their dwindling interest in traditional TV. In fact, Nielsen reckons that daily screen time among 18- to 34-year-olds has increased by barely an hour in the last four years, the smallest rise of any age cohort that it tracks.
And what about teenagers? Recent data on this group are scarce. However, a report published in 2015 by Common Sense Media, a non-profit group, found that American teens aged 13-18 spent about six hours and 40 minutes per day on screens: slightly more than Nielsen recorded for 18- to 34-year-olds that year, but less than older generations. Today youngsters may waste hours scrolling through Instagram and shooting zombies on Fortnite. But probably no more than their elders fritter on chat-shows and repeats of soaps.
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Silicon Valley Came to Kansas Schools. That Started a Rebellion.
►https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/21/technology/silicon-valley-kansas-schools.html
WELLINGTON, Kan. — The seed of rebellion was planted in classrooms. It grew in kitchens and living rooms, in conversations between students and their parents.
It culminated when Collin Winter, 14, an eighth grader in McPherson, Kan., joined a classroom walkout in January. In the nearby town of Wellington, high schoolers staged a sit-in. Their parents organized in living rooms, at churches and in the back of machine repair shops. They showed up en masse to school board meetings. In neighborhoods with no political yard signs, homemade signs with dark red slash marks suddenly popped up.
Silicon Valley had come to small-town Kansas schools — and it was not going well.
“I want to just take my Chromebook back and tell them I’m not doing it anymore,” said Kallee Forslund, 16, a 10th grader in Wellington.
Eight months earlier, public schools near Wichita had rolled out a web-based platform and curriculum from Summit Learning. The Silicon Valley-based program promotes an educational approach called “personalized learning,” which uses online tools to customize education. The platform that Summit provides was developed by Facebook engineers. It is funded by Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook’s chief executive, and his wife, Priscilla Chan, a pediatrician.
NVDIA ajoute encore sept écrans certifiés #adaptive-sync !
▻https://www.tomshardware.fr/nvdia-ajoute-encore-sept-ecrans-certifies-adaptive-sync
Acer, AOPEN, Asus, Gigabyte et LG !
Un écran MicroLED 16K de presque 20 mètres de long chez #sony !
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Avez-vous une pièce suffisamment grande ?
#nvidia : 5 nouveaux écrans certifiés #adaptive-sync
▻https://www.tomshardware.fr/nvidia-5-nouveaux-ecrans-certifies-adaptive-sync
17 bénéficiaires au total !
L’écran Predator 43 pouces 4K 144 Hz FreeSync d’Acer est unique en son genre
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How children lost the right to roam in four generations | Daily Mail Online
▻https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-462091/How-children-lost-right-roam-generations.html
Even if he wanted to play outdoors, none of his friends strays from their home or garden unsupervised.
The contrast between Edward and George’s childhoods is highlighted in a report which warns that the mental health of 21st-century children is at risk because they are missing out on the exposure to the natural world enjoyed by past generations.
The report says the change in attitudes is reflected in four generations of the Thomas family in Sheffield.
The oldest member, George, was allowed to roam for six miles from home unaccompanied when he was eight.
His home was tiny and crowded and he spent most of his time outside, playing games and making dens.
Mr Thomas, who went on to become a carpenter, has never lost some of the habits picked up as a child and, aged 88, is still a keen walker.
His son-in-law, Jack Hattersley, 63, was also given freedom to roam.
He was aged eight in 1950, and was allowed to walk for about one mile on his own to the local woods. Again, he walked to school and never travelled by car.
article de 2007, déjà pointé (indirectement) ici en 2014, ▻https://seenthis.net/messages/214723, mais je mets toujours des plombes à le retrouver (je l’ai cherché au moins 3 fois depuis la première parution ici…) car le lien n’est arrivé que très tardivement dans les commentaires. Il n’apparait même pas en cherchant sur la ville Sheffield.
et le triangle ne se noircit pas car à l’époque c’était du http et non du https.
#merci, @monolecte, je pourrais (peut-être…) le retrouver plus rapidement à l’avenir
#surveillance #peurs #isolement_social #parentalité (en mode carcéral)
addiction aux #écrans (puisqu’il faut bien s’évader quelque part pour « faire société » en se soustrayant à la « bienveillance » de nos tuteurs)
#Écrans : appel des académies à une « vigilance raisonnée »
▻https://www.lemonde.fr/sciences/article/2019/04/09/ecrans-appel-des-academies-a-une-vigilance-raisonnee_5447834_1650684.html
Six ans après avoir livré un avis sur la question, l’Académie des sciences s’est associée aux académies de médecine et des technologies pour lancer, mardi 9 avril, « un appel à une vigilance raisonnée sur les technologies numériques ». (…)
▻https://www.academie-sciences.fr/fr/Rapports-ouvrages-avis-et-recommandations-de-l-Academie/enfant-ecrans-technologies-numeriques.html
L’avis de 265 pages de l’Académie des sciences de 2013 avait suscité des réserves, notamment sur l’oubli de pans de la littérature scientifique et sur la faiblesse des mises en garde. « Nous étions un peu trop optimistes et n’avions pas assez insisté sur les effets délétères », concède d’ailleurs le professeur Bach.
Six ans plus tard, les parents, éducateurs et autres sont en quête de repères. Car le temps passé sur les écrans ne cesse d’augmenter. Les chiffres – qui ne sont pas mentionnés dans le nouvel appel – sont éloquents. En moyenne, les enfants de 6 à 17 ans passaient, en 2015, 4 heures et 11 minutes par jour devant un écran, selon des données de l’étude Esteban menée par Santé publique France (SpF). Au jeu des additions, cela représente pas moins de 1 526 heures en une année ! Un temps qui ne cesse d’augmenter avec l’âge. SpF recommande donc fermement de limiter le #temps d’écran.
Chez les professionnels de #santé, les préoccupations sont grandes pour les moins de 3 ans.
#Test : AOC CQ32G1, le 32 pouces WQHD 144 Hz FreeSync le moins cher du marché
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#apple : rétroéclairage à 500 mini LED pour l’iMac, et 10 000 pour les iPad et MacBook
▻https://www.tomshardware.fr/apple-un-retroeclairage-mini-led-pour-les-imac-ipad-et-macbook
Généralisation du HDR à prévoir chez Apple...
Diapo : les meilleurs moniteurs présentés par #philips et #aoc ce weekend
▻https://www.tomshardware.fr/diapo-les-meilleurs-moniteurs-presentes-par-philips-et-aoc-ce-weekend
Design, écolo, gaming, il y en a pour tous les goûts.
#asus : premiers écrans FHD 165 Hz dits Adaptive Sync, et G-Sync Compatible
▻https://www.tomshardware.fr/asus-trois-ecrans-fhd-a-165-hz-certifies-compatibles-nvidia-g-sync
Des écrans Adaptive Sync...
#asus : nouvel écran gaming 34 pouces ultra-large à 120 Hz
▻https://www.tomshardware.fr/asus-nouvel-ecran-gaming-34-pouces-ultra-large-a-120-hz
Grand et courbé.
#aoc : nouvel écran gaming AGON, en 27 pouces Full HD 165 Hz
▻https://www.tomshardware.fr/aoc-nouvel-ecran-gaming-agon-en-27-pouces-full-hd-165-hz
Toujours en dalle MVA, spécialité de la marque.
#hp : un premier ordinateur portable avec écran #amoled 15 pouces en avril !
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Spectre et Envy.
Test du moniteur gaming #asus VG278Q, du Full HD à 165 Hz sur 27 pouces
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Le bon compromis pour jouer à faible latence ?
#asus ProArt PQ22UC : un écran 4K #oled à 5160 euros !
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Mieux vaut avoir économisé !
#asus ROG Swift PG278QE : écran gamer WQHD à 165 Hz
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Sans RGB !
Lire sur papier, lire sur écran : en quoi est-ce différent ?
▻https://www.latribune.fr/opinions/tribunes/lire-sur-papier-lire-sur-ecran-en-quoi-est-ce-different-811656.html
IDEE. Selon le support de lecture, le niveau de compréhension et la mémorisation des textes varient, montrent des études récentes. Par Frédéric Bernard, Université de Strasbourg
Les écrans de téléphones mobiles, de tablettes et d’ordinateurs envahissent notre quotidien, et voilà dictionnaires, fiches de cours ou même classiques de la littérature à portée de clic. Faut-il inciter les élèves à profiter à 100% de ces facilités d’accès inédites au savoir, et renvoyer le papier au passé ? Rien n’est moins sûr si l’on se penche sur les derniers résultats de la recherche.
Depuis le début de ce siècle, plusieurs dizaines d’études ont été menées pour évaluer les effets du support de lecture sur les performances de compréhension de textes qui pouvaient être soit documentaires - manuels scolaires, ouvrages universitaires - soit narratifs - fictions, romans...
Les résultats de ces études ont été repris dans deux méta-analyses publiées en 2018 ; celle de Kong, Seo et Zhai, portant sur 17 études, publiée dans le journal Computers & Education, et celle de Delgado et de ses collègues, portant sur 54 études effectuées auprès d’un total d’environ 170 000 lecteurs, et publiée dans Educational Research Review. Il en ressort que la compréhension de textes est significativement meilleure lorsque la lecture s’effectue sur papier que sur écran.
(reprise d’un article de The Conversation : ▻https://theconversation.com/lire-sur-papier-lire-sur-ecran-en-quoi-est-ce-different-112493 )
Les méta-analyses citées :
Comparison of reading performance on screen and on paper: A meta-analysis - ScienceDirect
(article payant)
▻https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360131518301052
Highlights
• Reading on paper is better than reading on screen in terms of reading comprehension.
• Reading on paper is not significantly different from reading on screen in terms of reading speed.
• The magnitude of the difference in reading comprehension between media types followed a diminishing trajectory.
Abstract
This meta-analysis looked at 17 studies which focused on the comparison of reading on screen and reading on paper in terms of reading comprehension and reading speed. The robust variance estimation (RVE)- based meta-analysis models were employed, followed by four different RVE meta-regression models to examine the potential effects of some of the covariates (moderators) on the mean differences in comprehension and reading speed between reading on screen and reading on paper. The RVE meta-analysis showed that reading on paper was better than reading on screen in terms of reading comprehension, and there were no significant differences between reading on paper and reading on screen in terms of reading speed. None of the moderators were significant at the 0.05 level. In the meanwhile, albeit not significant, examination of the p-values for the difference tests prior to 2013 and after 2013 respectively (not shown here) indicated that the magnitude of the difference in reading comprehension between paper and screen followed a diminishing trajectory. It was suggested that future meta-analyses include latest studies, and other potential moderators such as fonts, spacing, age and gender.
et
Don’t throw away your printed books: A meta-analysis on the effects of reading media on reading comprehension - ScienceDirect
(article payant)
▻https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1747938X18300101
Highlights
• Paper-based reading yields better comprehension outcomes than digital-based reading.
• Reading time frame and text genre moderate the medium effect on comprehension.
• The advantage of paper-based comprehension has increased over the years since 2000.
Abstract
With the increasing dominance of digital reading over paper reading, gaining understanding of the effects of the medium on reading comprehension has become critical. However, results from research comparing learning outcomes across printed and digital media are mixed, making conclusions difficult to reach. In the current meta-analysis, we examined research in recent years (2000–2017), comparing the reading of comparable texts on paper and on digital devices. We included studies with between-participants (n = 38) and within-participants designs (n = 16) involving 171,055 participants. Both designs yielded the same advantage of paper over digital reading (Hedge’s g = −0.21; dc = −0.21). Analyses revealed three significant moderators: (1) time frame: the paper-based reading advantage increased in time-constrained reading compared to self-paced reading; (2) text genre: the paper-based reading advantage was consistent across studies using informational texts, or a mix of informational and narrative texts, but not on those using only narrative texts; (3) publication year: the advantage of paper-based reading increased over the years. Theoretical and educational implications are discussed.
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