Giant Slaves
▻https://www.filmsforaction.org/watch/giant-slaves-english-trailer
This expository documentary is shedding some light on the southeast asian elephant industry. What is this dark secret? And why is it harmful for the elephants?
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Kenya : mort de Tim, l’un des derniers #éléphants aux #défenses_géantes - Sciences et Avenir
▻https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/kenya-mort-de-tim-l-un-des-derniers-elephants-aux-defenses-geantes_Les défenseurs de l’environnement estiment qu’à peine quelques dizaines d’éléphants aux défenses touchant le sol survivent encore en Afrique.
Les braconniers, qui recherchent pour leur ivoire les éléphants aux plus longues défenses, en font leur cible privilégiée.
Ces grands pachydermes étant tués les premiers, le patrimoine génétique se trouve réduit. C’est ainsi que les éléphants d’Afrique ont aujourd’hui de plus petites défenses qu’il y a un siècle, selon les scientifiques.
Ces dix dernières années, le nombre d’éléphants africains a chuté de 110.000 pour atteindre 415.000 spécimens, selon l’Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature (UICN).
Quelque 30.000 éléphants africains sont victimes chaque année de braconnage.
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AI For Good Is Often Bad. Trying to solve poverty, crime, and disease with (often biased) technology doesn’t address their root causes.
After speaking at an MIT conference on emerging #AI technology earlier this year, I entered a lobby full of industry vendors and noticed an open doorway leading to tall grass and shrubbery recreating a slice of the African plains. I had stumbled onto TrailGuard AI, Intel’s flagship AI for Good project, which the chip company describes as an artificial intelligence solution to the crime of wildlife poaching. Walking through the faux flora and sounds of the savannah, I emerged in front of a digital screen displaying a choppy video of my trek. The AI system had detected my movements and captured digital photos of my face, framed by a rectangle with the label “poacher” highlighted in red.
I was handed a printout with my blurry image next to a picture of an elephant, along with text explaining that the TrailGuard AI camera alerts rangers to capture poachers before one of the 35,000 elephants each year are killed. Despite these good intentions, I couldn’t help but wonder: What if this happened to me in the wild? Would local authorities come to arrest me now that I had been labeled a criminal? How would I prove my innocence against the AI? Was the false positive a result of a tool like facial recognition, notoriously bad with darker skin tones, or was it something else about me? Is everyone a poacher in the eyes of Intel’s computer vision?
Intel isn’t alone. Within the last few years, a number of tech companies, from Google to Huawei, have launched their own programs under the AI for Good banner. They deploy technologies like machine-learning algorithms to address critical issues like crime, poverty, hunger, and disease. In May, French president Emmanuel Macron invited about 60 leaders of AI-driven companies, like Facebook’s Mark Zuckerberg, to a Tech for Good Summit in Paris. The same month, the United Nations in Geneva hosted its third annual AI for Global Good Summit sponsored by XPrize. (Disclosure: I have spoken at it twice.) A recent McKinsey report on AI for Social Good provides an analysis of 160 current cases claiming to use AI to address the world’s most pressing and intractable problems.
While AI for good programs often warrant genuine excitement, they should also invite increased scrutiny. Good intentions are not enough when it comes to deploying AI for those in greatest need. In fact, the fanfare around these projects smacks of tech solutionism, which can mask root causes and the risks of experimenting with AI on vulnerable people without appropriate safeguards.
Tech companies that set out to develop a tool for the common good, not only their self-interest, soon face a dilemma: They lack the expertise in the intractable social and humanitarian issues facing much of the world. That’s why companies like Intel have partnered with National Geographic and the Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation on wildlife trafficking. And why Facebook partnered with the Red Cross to find missing people after disasters. IBM’s social-good program alone boasts 19 partnerships with NGOs and government agencies. Partnerships are smart. The last thing society needs is for engineers in enclaves like Silicon Valley to deploy AI tools for global problems they know little about.
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Lily Hay NewmanThe deeper issue is that no massive social problem can be reduced to the solution offered by the smartest corporate technologists partnering with the most venerable international organizations. When I reached out to the head of Intel’s AI for Good program for comment, I was told that the “poacher” label I received at the TrailGuard installation was in error—the public demonstration didn’t match the reality. The real AI system, Intel assured me, only detects humans or vehicles in the vicinity of endangered elephants and leaves it to the park rangers to identify them as poachers. Despite this nuance, the AI camera still won’t detect the likely causes of poaching: corruption, disregarding the rule of law, poverty, smuggling, and the recalcitrant demand for ivory. Those who still cling to technological solutionism are operating under the false assumption that because a company’s AI application might work in one narrow area, it will work on a broad political and social problem that has vexed society for ages.
Sometimes, a company’s pro-bono projects collide with their commercial interests. Earlier this year Palantir and the World Food Programme announced a $45M partnership to use data analytics to improve food delivery in humanitarian crises. A backlash quickly ensued, led by civil society organizations concerned over issues like data privacy and surveillance, which stem from Palantir’s contracts with the military. Despite Palantir’s project helping the humanitarian organization Mercy Corps aid refugees in Jordan, protesters and even some Palantir employees have demanded the company stop helping the Immigration and Customs Enforcement detain migrants and separate families at the US border.
Even when a company’s intentions seem coherent, the reality is that for many AI applications, the current state of the art is pretty bad when applied to global populations. Researchers have found that facial recognition software, in particular, is often biased against people of color, especially those who are women. This has led to calls for a global moratorium on facial recognition and cities like San Francisco to effectively ban it. AI systems built on limited training data create inaccurate predictive models that lead to unfair outcomes. AI for good projects often amount to pilot beta testing with unproven technologies. It’s unacceptable to experiment in the real world on vulnerable people, especially without their meaningful consent. And the AI field has yet to figure out who is culpable when these systems fail and people are hurt as a result.
This is not to say tech companies should not work to serve the common good. With AI poised to impact much of our lives, they have more of a responsibility to do so. To start, companies and their partners need to move from good intentions to accountable actions that mitigate risk. They should be transparent about both benefits and harms these AI tools may have in the long run. Their publicity around the tools should reflect the reality, not the hype. To Intel’s credit, the company promised to fix that demo to avoid future confusion. It should involve local people closest to the problem in the design process and conduct independent human rights assessments to determine if a project should move forward. Overall, companies should approach any complex global problem with the humility in knowing that an AI tool won’t solve it.
▻https://www.wired.com/story/opinion-ai-for-good-is-often-bad/?mbid=social_twitter
#IA #intelligence_artificielle #pauvreté #développement #technologie #root_causes #API #braconnage #wildlife #éléphants #droits_humains -
Je découvre ces deux articles qui se focalisent sur les #réfugiés et les #animaux... un regard assez nouveau...
The important role of animals in refugee lives
Refugees are people who have been forcibly displaced across a border. What do animals have to do with them? A lot.
Companion animals, for example, are important to many people’s emotional wellbeing. “For people forced to flee,” the Norwegian Refugee Council recently noted, “a pet can be a vital source of comfort.” At the sterile and hyper-modern Azraq refugee camp in Jordan, Syrian refugees would pay a high price for caged birds (30-40 Jordanian dinars each, roughly €35-50). In Syria, many people keep a bird at home. At Azraq keeping a bird is one way of making a plastic and metal shelter into a home.
In many contexts, refugees also depend on animals for their livelihoods. Humanitarian assistance understandably focuses on supporting people, but if refugees’ working animals and livestock perish then their experience of displacement can worsen drastically: they lose the means to support themselves in exile, or to return home and rebuild their lives.
Ever since the earliest days of modern refugee camps, at the time of the First World War, agencies responsible for refugees have had to think about animals too. When the British army in the Middle East built a camp at Baquba near Baghdad in 1918 to house nearly 50,000 Armenian and Assyrian refugees, there were some animals that they needed to keep out. Fumigation procedures and netting were used against lice and mosquitos, carriers of typhus and malaria respectively. But refugee agencies also needed to let larger animals in. The people in the camp, especially the Assyrians, were accompanied by seven or eight thousand sheep and goats, and about six thousand larger animals like horses and cattle. Many of the people depended on their animals for their livelihood and for any prospect of permanent settlement, so they all needed to be accommodated and cared for.
There are similar examples around the world today, like the longstanding camps for Sahrawi refugees in southwestern Algeria. There, goats and camels are socially and economically significant animals: goat barns, enclosures often made of scrap metal, are a prominent part of the camps’ increasingly urban landscape, while camel butcheries are important shops.
This helps us understand why the office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees now has programmes to support refugees’ animals. For example, in 2015, with funding from the IKEA Foundation, the organization assisted 6,000 Malian refugees in Burkina Faso and their 47,000 animals: helping animals helps the people too, in this case to earn a living (and achieve economic integration) through small-scale dairy farming. It also helps us understand how conflicts can arise between refugees and host communities when refugees’ animals compete for grazing or water with local animals, or damage local farmers’ crops.
Starting in 2011, nearly 125,000 people from Blue Nile state in Sudan fled from a government offensive into Maban country, South Sudan, with hundreds of thousands of animals (about half of whom soon died, stressed by the journey). Peacefully managing their interactions with local residents and a community of nomadic herders who also regularly migrated through the county was a complex task for the South Sudanese government and humanitarian agencies. It required careful negotiations to allocate grazing zones as far as 60km from the camps where the refugees lived, schedule access to watering points, and agree a different route for the nomads’ migration.
In Bangladesh, meanwhile, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature has recently been involved in efforts to prevent conflict between refugees and wild animals. Nearly a million Rohingya refugees from state persecution in Myanmar live in semi-formal camps near Cox’s Bazar that have grown up since 2017, but these block the migration routes of critically endangered Asian elephants. The International Union’s conflict mitigation programme includes building lookout towers, training Rohingya observers, and running an arts-based education project.
And this highlights a final issue. The elephants at Cox’s Bazar are endangered because of ecological pressures caused by humans. But increasingly, humans too are endangered—and displaced—by ecological pressures. In the late 2000s, a years-long drought in Syria, worsened by human-caused climate change, pushed over a million rural Syrians off the land. (The country’s total livestock fell by a third.) The political and economic pressure that this generated was a significant factor in the crisis that ignited into war in 2011, in turn displacing millions more people. Hundreds of thousands of them fled to Jordan, one of the most water-stressed countries in the world, where the increased extraction of groundwater has lowered the water table, drying out oases in the Jordanian desert. Wild birds migrating across the desert have to fly further to find water and rest, meaning fewer survive the journey. In the Syrian war, and in many other conflicts around the world, human and animal displacements are intersecting under environmental stress. If we want to understand human displacement and respond to it adequately, we need to be thinking about animals too.
https://blog.oup.com/2019/10/the-important-role-of-animals-in-refugee-lives
#rapport_aux_animaux #animaux_de_compagnie-
‘Tusk force’ set up to protect refugees and elephants in #Bangladesh
UNHCR and the International Union for Conservation of Nature are working together to mitigate incidents between elephants and humans in the world’s largest refugee settlement.
Battered and badly bruised, Anwar Begum, a Rohingya refugee, surveys the damage around her bamboo shelter.
Sleeping mats ripped apart; plastic buckets and even metal cooking pots and plates torn and dented. Her shelter was toppled – but neighbours in Kutupalong refugee settlement near Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, have helped her re-erect it.
“I’m very grateful, thanks to the almighty, to be alive,” the 45-year-old said. “But I’m terrified.”
Just a few days earlier, in the middle of the night, a wild elephant entered her small shelter and killed her husband, 50-year-old Yakub Ali. It was one of several elephants that wandered into the camp, damaging shelters and injuring their occupants, following their usual migratory path.
Anwar and her family fled their home in Myanmar six months ago, settling in the vast Kutupalong refugee settlement. “We weren’t aware of any elephant presence here,” she said. “I remember once seeing elephants back home in Myanmar, but in the distance – never close up like this.”
Clearly shaken, Anwar recounted the events that occurred that night. “It was around 1 a.m. I heard a heavy sound and felt the roof falling onto us. It was quick and loud. I started screaming. It all went very fast and my husband was killed”.
Anwar was treated in hospital for three days. By the time she came back to the settlement, neighbours had helped to rebuild her shelter. UNHCR’s partners have now provided her with new household items, and Anwar has received counselling from UN Refugee Agency protection staff.
UNHCR and its partner IUCN – the International Union for Conservation of Nature – have now launched an action plan to try to prevent incidents like this, which have resulted in the deaths of at least 10 refugees, including young children, in Kutupalong settlement.
“This partnership is critical not only to ensure the conservation of elephants, but to protect refugees.”
The highly congested site, which used to be forest land, lies along one of the migratory routes between Myanmar and Bangladesh for critically endangered Asian elephants.
The so-called ‘tusk force’ will work with both the local host community and refugees, in close consultation with the Bangladesh Forest Department and the Refugee Relief and Repatriation Commissioner’s Office.
Mitigation plans include installing watch-towers in key spots around the settlement, as well as setting up Elephant Response Teams who can sound the alarm if elephants enter the site. Elephant routes and corridors will be clearly marked, so that people will know which areas to avoid. Campaigns will also be carried out to create better awareness of the risks.
“This partnership is critical not only to ensure the conservation of elephants, but to protect refugees, a number of whom have tragically already lost their lives,” said Kevin Allen, UNHCR’s head of emergency operations in Cox’s Bazar district.
The project is part of a wider initiative by UNHCR and the IUCN, in support of government activities, to mitigate some of the environmental impacts linked to the establishment of refugee settlements in Cox’s Bazar.
Other plans include carrying out environmental education and awareness among refugees and the host communities about the importance of forest resources as well as taking steps to improve the environment in the refugee settlement areas and nearby surroundings.
The project leaders will also advocate for reforestation programmes to ensure that natural resources and a shared environment are better protected.
https://www.unhcr.org/uk/news/latest/2018/3/5a9801d64/tusk-force-set-protect-refugees-elephants-bangladesh.html
#éléphants #IUCN #sécurité -
Bangladesh elephant rampage highlights dangers for refugees
A refugee prays on a hill overlooking Kutupalong camp after another Rohingya burial.
After fleeing flames and gunfire in Myanmar, Rohingya refugee Jane Alam thought danger was behind him in Bangladesh.
But as he slept last night in a fragile shelter in a forested area near Kutupalong refugee camp, rampaging elephants crashed in on top of his family.
The 18-year-old’s father and a seven-month-old baby were killed in the attack, which also injured seven of his relatives.
“We thought we would be safe here.”
Grazed on the cheek, neck and hip, he trekked barefoot up a hillside overlooking the makeshift camp this morning to bury them.
“We thought we would be safe here,” he says, numb with disbelief, standing beside his father’s grave, marked with small bamboo stakes.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cy_fkc5qRt8
A few paces away, the tiny body of his infant relative lies on the muddy ground, wrapped in a white cloth. A man scoops out her shallow grave with a farm tool as a group of men stand solemnly by.
The deaths highlight one of the unexpected dangers facing refugees and the risks as humanitarian actors respond to the arrival in Bangladesh of at least 429,000 people who have fled the latest outbreak of violence that erupted in Myanmar on August 25.
As two formal refugee camps in Bangladesh are overwhelmed, thousands are seeking shelter where they can - some in an uninhabited forested area outside Kutupalong camp.
“The area is currently completely wild, so the people who are settling-in where there is wildlife,” says Franklin Golay, a staff member for UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, who is working to provide water, sanitation and shelter at the informal camp.
“There are elephants roaming around that pose a threat,” he says.
Asian elephants are considered a critically endangered species in Bangladesh, where conservationists estimate there are presently just 239 living in the wild. Many roam in the Chittagong area in the southeast of the country, where the refugee influx is concentrated.
Local residents say the elephants are drawn to populated areas in the Monsoon season, when fruit including mangos and jackfruit ripen.
Securing the rugged and partially forested area to mitigate the risk could be achieved with lights or electric fencing, Golay says.
But for Alam’s grieving family, who fled persecution across the border in Myanmar, the attack is a stark reminder that their trials are not yet over.
“We ran from danger, and we are still in a dangerous situation now,” says Ali Hussein, the dead man’s uncle. “This cannot be forgotten.”
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Environnement. Le #Botswana réautorise la #chasse aux #éléphants et crée la polémique
Après l’avoir interdite pendant cinq ans, le gouvernement du Botswana vient de réautoriser la #chasse_sportive d’éléphants dans le pays. La décision suscite un tollé chez les écologistes, les autorités la justifient par des questions de #sécurité.
▻https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/environnement-le-botswana-reautorise-la-chasse-aux-elephants- -
Cartographie numérique : Recensement des #éléphants en Afrique : une population en baisse inquiétante
#biodiversité #cartographie #afrique #braconnage
▻http://cartonumerique.blogspot.com/2019/02/recensement-des-elephants-en-afrique.html
▻https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/proxy/IQWsBqWFVc0K7VmyllxDuC046tTMapThaVmj8TKi-kJUGsnrons_WHSHKZmSZ« Éléphants sans frontières » a réalisé une enquête pendant deux ans sur la population des éléphants en Afrique (2014 et 2015). Connu sous le nom de Great Elephant Census (GEC), ce recensement a permis d’observer que le nombre de troupeaux d’éléphants vivant principalement dans les zones de savane s’était considérablement réduit. Selon les estimations, la population d’éléphants diminue d’environ 8% par an. Près du tiers de la population d’éléphants de la savane a disparu en seulement sept ans.
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#Braconnage. Pourquoi le #Botswana n’est plus le paradis des #éléphants africains
Quatre-vingt-dix carcasses d’éléphants ont été retrouvées au Botswana. Jusqu’à présent, contrairement au reste du continent, ce pays d’Afrique australe était préservé des braconniers en quête d’#ivoire. Désarmement des rangers, nouveau président… Ce spécialiste sud-africain explique ce qui a changé.
▻https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/braconnage-pourquoi-le-botswana-nest-plus-le-paradis-des-elep -
Voix du Mondulkiri historique
Introduction :
▻http://www.aibl.fr/IMG/pdf/hommageaibl_mahe_voix-du-mondulkiri-historique_03-06-2016.pdf
#livre #langue #linguistique #Punong #Mnong #Cambodge #Mondulkiri #contes #éléphants #montagne #Bunong -
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Qui veut noyer Filoche l’accuse de la rage Le Grand Soir - Théophraste R. - 22 novembre 2017
▻https://www.legrandsoir.info/qui-veut-noyer-filoche-l-accuse-de-la-rage.htmlAh, Gérard Filoche ! Le fort en gueule, un des #éléphants du #PS engraissés au Bureau national, poste envié d’où sourdent les lois anti-pauvres contre lesquelles l’Inspecteur du travail Filoche Gérard a bataillé toute sa vie, avec fougue, en expert reconnu, défenseur des sans-dents que son président multipliait en se moquant.
Schizophrène, le coeur chez les prolos, l’estomac chez ceux qui les oppriment, #Filoche donnait l’image du « pharisien hideux » dont Victor Hugo disait qu’il « trinque avec les riches et dit au pauvre : ami, viens jeûner avec moi » , tel un « simple jésuite et triple gueux » qui « ripaille à huis clos » et en public « sermonne ».Il a été complice jusqu’au bout des #Hollande, #Valls, #El_Khomri, #Cambadelis, etc. qu’il vilipendait en servant de caution morale au PS et à un ministre de l’économie nommé #Macron.
Mais un Filoche poil à gratter n’avait pas droit à l’erreur, pas le droit de tweeter une image trouvée sur le site de Soral, qu’il a retirée dès qu’il a été alerté sur ce qu’elle était. Trop tard, il a failli : la meute est lâchée. Filoche est, comme disait Mitterrand en parlant de Beregovoy, « jeté aux chiens » qui piaffaient dans de nombreux chenils politico-médiatiques.
Filoche aurait été grand s’il avait mis en accord ses actes et ses paroles, en cessant de pédaler sur un vélo sans chaîne ou d’imiter les pétarades d’un moteur en glissant dans les rayons une carte du PS tenue par une pince à linges, bref : en quittant ce repaire de félons avant qu’un ignominieux coup de pied au cul l’en sorte sans gloire par la porte des poubelles, lesquelles auraient dû être pleines si le PS y mettait tous les siens qui ont trahi Jaurès.
Filoche n’est pas antisémite. Il serait judicieux de ne pas le pousser à le devenir par un long et injuste procès.
Théophraste R. (Slogan qui n’a rien à voir : « Vive la Palestine ! »).
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Avaaz - Empêchons les #Trump (et son fils) de massacrer les #éléphants
▻https://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/fr/trump_vs_elephants/?aawBRgb -
The World’s First ‘EleFriendly Bus’ Curtails Human-Elephant Conflict in Sri Lanka · Global Voices
▻https://globalvoices.org/2017/10/13/the-worlds-first-elefriendly-bus-curtails-human-elephant-conflict-in-sThis post by Anya De Saram-Larssen, a student of the British School in Colombo, appeared in Groundviews, an award-winning citizen journalism website in Sri Lanka. Ms. Saram-Larssen attended the anniversary of the launch of the EleFriendly Bus and talked with different stakeholders. An edited version is published below as part of a content-sharing agreement with Global Voices.
#sri_lanka #éléphants #transport #sécurité #enfants #enfance
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Pour échapper aux braconniers, les éléphants marchent la nuit et se cachent le jour
►http://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2017/09/14/pour-echapper-aux-braconniers-les-elephants-marchent-la-nuit-et-se-cachent-l
Une étude menée au Kenya révèle que les pachydermes, animaux normalement diurnes, adaptent leur comportement en fonction de la menace humaine.
Les éléphants d’Afrique, animaux diurnes, ont appris à se déplacer et à se nourrir la nuit pour mieux se cacher le jour et échapper ainsi à l’attention des braconniers dans les zones où ceux-ci sévissent particulièrement, révèle une étude menée par l’organisation de protection des animaux Save The Elephants et l’Université de Twente (Pays-Bas).
Normalement, les éléphants se reposent la nuit et sont plus actifs le jour. Mais les chercheurs ont constaté que « les éléphants bougeaient plus la nuit que le jour lorsque le niveau de braconnage était élevé », comme en 2010-2012, souligne l’étude. Cette attitude était encore plus marquée chez les femelles que chez les mâles. Entourées d’éléphanteaux, elles sont souvent plus prudentes, expliquent les chercheurs.
« Pour les éléphanteaux, le risque d’être attrapés par des lions ou des hyènes la nuit pourrait être plus grand », indique à l’AFP Festus Ihwagi. « Et pour les éléphants adultes, cela implique une altération de leur vie sociale » et peut avoir un impact sur leur activité sexuelle, ajoute-t-il.
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Mony Hong, habité par la forêt
►https://visionscarto.net/mony-hong-habite-par-la-foretDans le village de Leng Ness, dans la forêt tropicale cambodgienne, une rencontre inopinée avec un passionné cartographe, en lutte contre la déforestation et pour les droits des peuples autochtones. Mony Hong nous fera découvrir la région, ses cartes et son projet. par Cristina Del Biaggio (texte), Alberto Campi (photos) et Mony Hong (cartes) S’il y a de l’espoir dans le monde, il ne se rencontre pas dans les salles de conférences sur le changement climatique ou dans les villes pleines de (...)
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#photographie (s) de @albertocampiphoto et #cartes de #Mony_Hong. Le texte, par contre, est le mien...
Les cartes :
https://visionscarto.net/local/cache-vignettes/L1748xH1233/00320Mony20mefae-3e244.jpg?1503984809.jpg 
https://visionscarto.net/local/cache-vignettes/L2481xH1755/008_map_comm0bdd-47028.jpg?1503984809#.jpg Quelques photos :
https://visionscarto.net/local/cache-vignettes/L1500xH1000/000_camb_1805956-5f243.jpg?1503984809#.jpg 
https://visionscarto.net/local/cache-vignettes/L1024xH683/cheffejpg-ceceb2-6a487.jpg?1503984809#.jpg 
https://visionscarto.net/local/cache-vignettes/L1024xH683/camb_18012018768-44500.jpg?1503984810#.jpg 
https://visionscarto.net/local/cache-vignettes/L1024xH683/camb_1801201f6fb-a9312.jpg?1503984810#.jpg 
https://visionscarto.net/local/cache-vignettes/L1024xH683/camb_1801201b521-1ace3.jpg?1503984807#.jpg #déforestation #forêt #Cambodge #éléphants #peuples_autochtones #terres
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v. aussi la photographie commentée de @albertocampiphoto parue dans @lacite
L’espoir dans une forêt cambodgienne
►https://www.lacite.info/hublot/fevrier-2017 -
En fait, non, pas vraiment... le but était d’aller quelque part (et par hasard on a choisi le Cambodge) pour ramener quelque chose, des histoires... La rencontre avec Mony a été vraiment un #hasard... les beaux hasards de la vie...
Mony d’ailleurs a aussi accompagné Alberto dans les #mines de #zircons. Le reportage a été publié dans @lacite :
Au Cambodge, avec les #mineurs qui creusent à mains nues
Ils se disent « mineurs freelance ». Ils gagnent de quoi survivre en fouillant et ravinant sans relâche la terre rouge et ferreuse du Cambodge à la recherche de zircons bleus, #pierres_précieuses prisées pour leur valeur ornementale. Le photojournaliste Alberto Campi est allé à leur rencontre.
▻https://www.lacite.info/reportages/cambodge-mineurs-creusent-mains-nues?rq=mines -
Cet été, @albertocampiphoto et moi-même allons retourner chez Mony... et on va essayer de voir comment l’aider et aider la commuanuté à réaliser le projet d’écoutourisme qu’ils et elles (la cheffe de la communauté est une femme, donc...) veulent implementer...
Je suis donc à la recherche d’informations sur la région, sur le processus de déforestation, d’accaparement des terres, etc.
Des informations que je vais collecter sur ce fil de discussions que je viens d’entamer sur seenthis :
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The African elephant’s range & population (19th century vs. 2012) - Vivid Maps
▻http://www.vividmaps.com/2017/07/the-african-elephants-range-population.htmlThe African elephant’s range & population (19th century vs. 2012)
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En Asie, les « éléphants à touristes » vivent dans des conditions « inacceptables »
▻http://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2017/07/06/an-asie-les-elephants-a-touristes-vivent-dans-des-conditions-inacceptables_5« Quand ils ne sont pas utilisés pour des promenades ou des spectacles, les éléphants sont enchaînés jour et nuit, le plus souvent avec une chaîne de moins de 3 m de long », souligne le rapport. Un constat fait à travers toute l’Asie. « La nourriture qui leur est donnée n’est pas bonne, ils ont des soins vétérinaires limités et sont souvent gardés dans des endroits stressants, avec de la musique forte ou des groupes de touristes, sur un sol en ciment. »
L’#industrie_des_parcs à #éléphants en #Thaïlande s’est développée dans les années 1990, après l’interdiction de l’exploitation des éléphants pour transporter des arbres dans le secteur forestier.
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après l’interdiction de l’exploitation des éléphants pour transporter des arbres dans le secteur forestier
Tu en sais un peu plus sur cette interdiction ? qu’est-ce qui a pris la place si ce n’est des engins motorisés ?
Cela me rappelle l’interdiction d’avoir un cheval sur la route en Roumanie (à cause des lois Européennes), ce qui a mené au scandale des steacks hachés de bœuf au cheval, et à la misère les personnes qui dépendaient de ce mode de transport : paysans comme familles pauvres. -
Dans le reportage à la télé, l’autre soir, ils expliquaient qu’ils avaient exploité la forêt à outrance, et qu’il n’y avait donc plus rien à exploiter. D’où la nécessité de se débarrasser des éléphants... en les envoyant là où il y a encore des forêts, par exemple. Ou en les laissant crever.
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@touti pour l’instant je ne sais rien sur l’interdiction du travail des éléphants dans les forêts thaïlandaises.
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Interdiction d’exploiter la forêt depuis 1990 …
Situation tragique des éléphants domestiqués en Thaïlande
▻http://www.fao.org/nouvelle/1998/thai-f.htmOn relève néanmoins quelques signes encourageants. Les éléphants domestiqués de la Thaïlande ont la chance d’être appuyés par deux excellentes ONG, Friends of the Asian Elephant, qui travaille principalement dans le nord, et Asian Elephant Foundation of Thailand, qui oeuvre surtout dans le Surin. Malheureusement, limitées par le manque de ressources et de personnel, leurs efforts, encore qu’héroïques et importants, ne sont qu’une goutte d’eau dans la mer, bien qu’elles jouent un rôle inestimable en éduquant et en sensibilisant le public. Plusieurs ministères commencent à comprendre la gravité du problème.
30 décembre 1998
Surin Project Weekly Volunteer
The Surin Project is a unique and innovative concept aimed at improving the living conditions of captive Asian elephants by removing elephant rides and providing economic sustainability for their owners through responsible volunteer tourism. We work alongside the Gwi community in the government run Surin Elephant Study Centre located in the village of Ban Tha Klang in the Surin Province in North East Thailand.
Location: Surin province – NE Thailand by Cambodian Border
Nearest Airport: – Buriram (BFV)
Duration: One to Eight Weeks
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J’avais posé ça là en attendant d’avoir le temps de fouiller, merci :)
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#Last_of_the_Elephant_Men (2015)
For centuries the #Bunong indigenous people on the Cambodian-Vietnamese border lived with elephants, believing they shared the same destiny. Today, as the forests and rivers both man and animal depend on are threatened, their fates seem even more inseparable. Last of the Elephant Men follows over a period of time several members of the tribe as they attempt to save the animal that once defined their way of life and may hold the key to their own survival.
▻http://www.imdb.com/title/tt4607098
#film #éléphants #peuples_autochtones #documentaire #Vietnam #Cambodge #Pnong #forêt #déforestation #Mane_Yun
cc @albertocampiphoto-
Je viens de voir le film... très intéressant...
Dans ce document est citée une avocate Bunong, qui est l’une des protagonistes du film : #Mane_Yun :
The Bunong. The Caretakers of Cambodia’s Sacred Forests
▻http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/47a6eb8dce.pdf
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See the Historic Maps Declassified by the CIA
▻http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2016/11/us-cia-maps-strategy-foreign-policy-display
signalé par l’excellent @lecartographe sur Twitter (que j’aimerai bien convaincre de venir sur seenthis d’ailleurs)
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/content/dam/news/2016/11/18/cia/09-Kennedy-Laos-1961.ngsversion.1480163414751.jpg 
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/content/dam/news/2016/11/18/cia/16-African-elephants-2013.ngsversion.1480163405744.adapt.352.1.jpg Shortly after the attacks of September 11, 2001, U.S. President George W. Bush and several advisors gathered at Camp David to weigh the country’s options. On the table in front of them, as you can see in the photo below, was a map of Afghanistan created by cartographers at the Central Intelligence Agency. It was among the first of what would become thousands of maps the CIA produced after September 11 to track terrorist networks and support U.S. military operations, including the raid to capture Osama bin Laden in 2011.
#cartographie #cia #manipulation #éléphants cc @fil #sémiologie
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Rendez-vous manqué pour la protection des #éléphants - Le Temps
▻https://www.letemps.ch/sciences/2016/10/05/rendezvous-manque-protection-elephantsRendez-vous manqué pour la protection des éléphants
La conférence de la Convention sur le commerce international des espèces de faune et de flore sauvages, qui s’est tenue à Johannesburg, a déçu les défenseurs des pachydermes. Ils espéraient l’interdiction définitive du commerce de l’ivoire
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L’inexorable déclin des #éléphants d’Afrique
▻http://www.lemonde.fr/biodiversite/article/2016/09/02/l-inexorable-declin-des-elephants-d-afrique_4991313_1652692.htmlEt les éléphants de #forêt ? Dissimulés par les houppiers, ils n’ont pas été répertoriés par les survols aériens. Mais leur sort n’est pas plus enviable. Une étude, parue en 2013 dans la revue PlosOne, estimait que leurs peuplements dans les forêts d’Afrique centrale (Cameroun, Congo, Gabon ou République centrafricaine) avaient fondu de plus de 60 % en dix ans. Leur population, de 500 000 individus en 1993, est tombée à moins de 100 000, vingt ans plus tard.
Une nouvelle étude, publiée dans le Journal of Applied #Ecology le 31 août, esquisse un avenir particulièrement précaire pour ces éléphantidés – plus petits que leurs cousins de savane mais pourchassés eux aussi pour leur #ivoire –, jusqu’alors peu étudiés. Il apparaît qu’ils se reproduisent à un rythme beaucoup plus lent que ceux de savane : les femelles mettent bas pour la première fois à l’âge moyen de 23 ans (au lieu de 12 pour leurs cousines), et un intervalle de cinq à six ans sépare deux naissances (contre trois à quatre ans). Si bien que, même s’il était mis fin au braconnage, il faudrait près d’un siècle (précisément quatre-vingt-un ans selon les calculs des chercheurs) pour qu’ils retrouvent leur #population des années 2000.
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New elephant study shows catastrophic decline in Africa - CNN.com
▻http://www.cnn.com/2016/08/31/africa/great-elephant-census/index.htmlIn seven years between 2007 and 2014, numbers plummeted by at least 30%, or 144,000 elephants.
And the specific cases are even more disturbing:
In the Selous Game Reserve in Tanzania, and Mozambique’s Niassa Reserve, elephant populations have plummeted by more than 75% in the past ten years as poachers cut down family herds, according to the survey.
The Babile Elephant Sanctuary in Ethiopia hasn’t lived up to its name: Chase and the team counted just a single herd of 36 elephants — the last in the Horn of Africa, a vast area roughly the size of Mexico.“When you think of how many elephants occurred in areas 10 or 20 years ago, it’s incredibly disheartening,” says Chase.
“Historically these ecosystems supported many thousands of elephants compared to the few hundreds or tens of elephants we counted.”
The current rate of species decline is 8%, meaning that elephant numbers could halve to 175,000 in nine years if nothing changes, according to the survey — and localized extinction is almost certain.#elephants #rhino #braconnage #biodiversité #militarisation
et la #carte de tous les éléphants, comptés un à un par avion
▻http://www.greatelephantcensus.com
▻https://elephant-atlas.org/home-
carte de tous les éléphants, comptés un à un par avion
Now we speak true mapping :)
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… comptés un à un par avion
Hum, hum, …
More than 90 percent of the GEC was done using evenly spaced sample counts – where a representative portion (generally 5-20 percent) of a landscape is surveyed and statistical modeling used to extrapolate findings to the whole area.
The African Elephant Atlas: The Census
▻https://elephant-atlas.org/census -
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Ça me rappelle la méthodologie d’estimation des populations d’alligators en Floride : se rendre de nuit près d’un étang/marécage/… prendre une photo au flash et compter les reflets de flash au fond des pupilles.
▻http://edensflaw.tumblr.com/post/103078180101/nubbsgalore-the-red-eyeshine-of-the-alligator
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Elephants in Tanzania reserve could be wiped out by 2022
▻http://www.msn.com/en-za/news/world/elephants-in-tanzania-reserve-could-be-wiped-out-by-2022/ar-BBtJlkSElephants in Tanzania’s sprawling Selous Game Reserve could be wiped out within six years if poaching continues at current levels, the World Wildlife Fund warned.
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Zimbabwe is trying to sell off its wildlife because of severe drought - Chicago Tribune
▻http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/ct-zimbabwe-selling-wildlife-20160506-story.htmlFirst, they sold their elephants to China. Now, the Zimbabwe government has placed an ad in its state-run newspaper asking members of the public — at least those who have the money and space — to buy some more of the country’s wild animals.
The reason is a devastating, relentless El Nino-induced drought that has left as many as four million Zimbabweans in need of food aid and ravished the country’s natural resources, decimating crops and drying up water sources. At least 16,500 cattle have died.
Zimbabwe is home to 10 national parks, one of which claimed Cecil the lion, a beloved black mane lion that was killed by a U.S. dentist last year. The parks, filled with giraffe, buffalo, zebra, lion, cheetah and elephants, draws both tourists and poachers.
Last year, the Zimbabwean government drew scrutiny and the ire of conservationists when it began selling elephants to China. The sale, government officials admitted, would reduce the booming elephant population but also raise money so the country could buy things like anti-poaching and surveillance technology.
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Le Kenya brûle son stock d’ivoire contre le braconnage des éléphants
▻http://www.lemonde.fr/biodiversite/article/2016/04/30/le-kenya-brule-son-stock-d-ivoire-contre-le-braconnage-des-elephants_4911293C’est la saison des pluies, mais les flammes promettent d’être visibles à des kilomètres. Le #Kenya doit brûler samedi 30 avril quelque 105 tonnes d’#ivoire, soit la plus grande cérémonie de destruction d’« #or_blanc » par le feu jamais organisée en Afrique.
Onze bûchers de 16 000 défenses ont été dressés face au Parc national de Nairobi. Le symbole est fort, spectaculaire, car il y a urgence. L’#Afrique ne compte plus que 500 000 #éléphants, moitié moins qu’il y a trente ans, et 30 000 y sont tués chaque année par les braconniers. Près d’un animal toutes les quinze minutes.
Tout le continent est frappé, ou presque. Seul le Botswana semble faire exception, abritant 40 % de la population du continent grâce à une ambitieuse politique de lutte contre le #braconnage.
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Braconnage : le Kenya détruit des tonnes d’ivoire
Le président kényan a procédé samedi à la destruction de 105 tonnes d’ivoire dans le parc national de Nairobi, soit la plus grande quantité d’"or blanc" jamais incinérée en une fois, un geste symbolique fort pour la lutte contre le braconnage des éléphants, décimés pour leurs défenses.
▻http://www.courrierinternational.com/sites/ci_master/files/styles/image_original_765/public/afp/99acfcc961eab0f7df7d887c7983680a69f0fbbf.jpg?itok=rTpVTWGV
▻http://www.courrierinternational.com/depeche/braconnage-le-kenya-detruit-des-tonnes-divoire.afp.com.201605
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5 wildlife rangers shot - 3 killed - by poachers in Congo park
▻https://news.mongabay.com/2016/04/5-wildlife-rangers-shot-3-killed-poachers-congo-parkRangers put their lives on the line each and every day, and are under real siege in Garamba protecting #elephants from heavily incentivized and militarized poaching gangs (...)
African parks noted that family members of victims will receive an amount equal to six times their annual salary plus any funds raised by donor campaigns. The benefit is unusual — rangers’ families in other places are sometimes left destitute after an incident.
#braconnage #militarisation #congo (#rhinos bien qu’ici il s’agit d’éléphants)
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et ce reportage sur les braconniers mozambicains
▻http://www.zammagazine.com/chronicle/chronicle-23/352-hunting-season
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