#algorithmwatch

In Italy, an appetite for face recognition in football stadiums
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/italy-stadium-face-recognition

Right before the pandemic, the government and top sports authorities were planning a massive deployment of face recognition and sound surveillance technologies in all Italian football stadiums. The reason ? To help fight racism. At the beginning of 2020, just as the whole world was grappling with increasing evidence of the discriminatory and racist outcomes of face recognition technologies, Italy mulled its widespread adoption in football stadiums as an essential tool in the fight against (...)

#algorithme #capteur #CCTV #biométrie #racisme #facial #reconnaissance #son #comportement #COVID-19 #écoutes #santé #sport (...)

##santé ##AlgorithmWatch

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Suzhou introduced a new social scoring system, but it was too Orwellian, even for China
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/suzhou-china-social-score

A city of 10 million in eastern China upgraded its Covid-tracking app to introduce a new “civility” score. It had to backtrack after a public outcry. Suzhou is a city with a population of 10 million, located 100 km west of Shanghai. It is well known for its classic Chinese gardens and, since last week, one of the most Orwellian social scoring experiments to date. The municipal government launched a pilot for a new social behavior scoring system on 3 September 2020, also referred to as the (...)

#WeChat #Weibo #algorithme #Alipay #AlipayHealthCode #consentement #COVID-19 #notation #santé #SocialCreditSystem #AlgorithmWatch (...)

##santé ##surveillance

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Female historians and male nurses do not exist, Google Translate tells its European users
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/google-translate-gender-bias

An experiment shows that Google Translate systematically changes the gender of translations when they do not fit with stereotypes. It is all because of English, Google says. If you were to read a story about male and female historians translated by Google, you might be forgiven for overlooking the females in the group. The phrase “vier Historikerinnen und Historiker” (four male and female historians) is rendered as “cuatro historiadores” (four male historians) in Spanish, with similar results (...)

#Google #GoogleTranslate #algorithme #sexisme #discrimination #femmes #AlgorithmWatch

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Pre-crime at the tax office : How Poland automated the fight against VAT fraud.
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/poland-stir-vat-fraud

In their fight against fraud, Polish tax authorities use STIR, an algorithm sifting through the data of millions of entrepreneurs. The government claims success, but dozens of companies have been hit, some say wrongly. “We have broken the group of VAT fraudsters”, “We have detected the artificial vegetable oil trading being a carousel fraud”, “National Revenue Administration liquidated the Asian mafia thanks to STIR”. These are just a few headlines from the last few months. They showcase the (...)

#algorithme #fiscalité #fraude #surveillance #AlgorithmWatch

##fiscalité

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Under the Twitter streetlight : How data scarcity distorts research
https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/data-access-researchers-left-on-read

As part of our #LeftOnRead campaign, several researchers testified to the reluctance of online platforms to provide useful data. Many resort to studying Twitter, which is more accommodating than most. Tiziano Bonini, an associate professor at the University of Siena, began an ethnographic investigation of online music platforms in late 2017, together with his colleague Alessandro Gandini of the University of Milan. As the discovery and consumption of cultural artifacts, including songs, (...)

#TikTok #Facebook #Spotify #Snapchat #Instagram #Twitter #YouTube #algorithme #manipulation #données #biais #enseignement (...)

##AlgorithmWatch

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Spain’s largest bus terminal deployed live face recognition four years ago, but few noticed
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/spain-mendez-alvaro-face-recognition

Madrid South Station’s face recognition system automatically matches every visitor’s face against a database of suspects, and shares information with the Spanish police. Around 20 million travellers transited last year through Madrid’s South bus terminal, known as Méndez Álvaro Station to locals. Those 20 million persons had their face scanned as they entered the station. They were tracked as they walked to the bays where their bus was parked, before leaving the Spanish capital. Unless the (...)

#algorithme #CCTV #biométrie #police #consentement #criminalité #facial #reconnaissance #vidéo-surveillance #[fr]Règlement_Général_sur_la_Protection_des_Données_(RGPD)[en]General_Data_Protection_Regulation_(GDPR)[nl]General_Data_Protection_Regulation_(GDPR) #surveillance # (...)

##criminalité ##[fr]Règlement_Général_sur_la_Protection_des_Données__RGPD_[en]General_Data_Protection_Regulation__GDPR_[nl]General_Data_Protection_Regulation__GDPR_ ##_ ##AlgorithmWatch

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Downgraded A-level students urged to join possible legal action
▻https://www.theguardian.com/education/2020/aug/13/downgraded-a-level-students-urged-to-join-possible-legal-action

Legal letter sent to Ofqual and DfE calls for changes to ‘unfair’ grading algorithm Students affected by the mass downgrading of A-level results in England have been urged to join a possible legal action against the Department for Education and the exams regulator. Nearly 40% of A-level assessments by teachers were downgraded by the Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation’s algorithm, according to official figures published on Thursday morning. The method for allocating results (...)

#algorithme #biais #discrimination #enseignement #AlgorithmWatch

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This man had his credit score changed from C to A+ after a few emails
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/credit-score-crif-buergel

A 52-year-old man in Hanover, Germany, discovered that he’d been erroneously scored by a credit bureau. His story reveals the gaps in credit score regulation. In October 2019, Mark Wetzler searched for a new electricity provider on a comparison website. He found one, asked for contract and didn’t think more about it. Two days later, he received a letter from the utility company telling him that his contract was denied. His credit score was too low. Mr Wetzler was taken aback by this answer. (...)

#algorithme #banque #AlgorithmWatch #bug #notation

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Slovenian police acquires automated tools first, legalizes them later
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/slovenia-police-face-recognition

The Slovenian police legalized its use of face recognition 5 years after it started to use it. Despite formal safeguards, no institution can restrain the Interior ministry. When Slovenian journalists or activists ask officials whether the police, the secret service, and the army are using any technological tools for mass surveillance, they are often reluctant to admit even the existence of such devices. However, when they meet their colleagues at international security conferences or (...)

#algorithme #CCTV #IMSI-catchers #biométrie #facial #législation #reconnaissance #vidéo-surveillance #écoutes #surveillance (...)

##AlgorithmWatch

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Werkwijze Belastingdienst in strijd met de wet en discriminerend
▻https://autoriteitpersoonsgegevens.nl/nl/nieuws/werkwijze-belastingdienst-strijd-met-de-wet-en-discrimine

Afdeling Toeslagen van de Belastingdienst had de (dubbele) nationaliteit van aanvragers van kinderopvangtoeslag niet zo mogen verwerken als jarenlang gebeurde. Deze verwerkingen waren onrechtmatig, discriminerend en daarmee onbehoorlijk – zware overtredingen van de privacywet, de Algemene verordening gegevensbescherming (AVG). Dit blijkt uit onderzoek van de Autoriteit Persoonsgegevens (AP). Aleid Wolfsen, voorzitter van de AP, overhandigde het onderzoek vandaag aan staatssecretaris (...)

#algorithme #migration #racisme #données #discrimination #AlgorithmWatch

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Swiss police automated crime predictions but has little to show for it
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/swiss-predictive-policing

A review of 3 automated systems in use by the Swiss police and judiciary reveals serious issues. Real-world effects are impossible to assess due to a lack of transparency. The Swiss police and justice authorities use, by one count, over 20 different automated systems to estimate or predict inappropriate behavior. Police and justice are largely regional competencies in Switzerland ; each Canton might have its own systems in place. Based on a series of reports by the Swiss public service (...)

#algorithme #criminalité #prédiction #discrimination #prison #AlgorithmWatch

##criminalité

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Hey researchers ! Have you been ‘left on read’ by platforms ? Share your stories !
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/researchers-left-on-read/#share-your-story

In our discussions with researchers from civil society and academia, we learned about the tremendous barriers many of you face when conducting public interest research using platform data. You told us about inaccurate or incomplete ad archives, arbitrary or unpredictable request/authorization processes, and the effects that the concentration and privatization of data have on independent research. While these stories are all-too familiar for those who work in the field, they don’t typically (...)

#données #fraude #biais #AlgorithmWatch

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Austria’s employment agency rolls out discriminatory algorithm, sees no problem
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/austrias-employment-agency-ams-rolls-out-discriminatory-algorithm

AMS, Austria’s employment agency, is about to roll out a sorting algorithm that gives lower scores to women and to the disabled. It is very likely illegal under current anti-discrimination law. The Austrian employment agency, known by its German acronym AMS, is a state-owned company in charge of helping job seekers. In 2016, it started a program to evaluate the chances of specific groups on the labor market. Three years later, satisfied with the results of a statistical analysis carried (...)

#algorithme #sexisme #[fr]Règlement_Général_sur_la_Protection_des_Données_(RGPD)[en]General_Data_Protection_Regulation_(GDPR)[nl]General_Data_Protection_Regulation_(GDPR) #discrimination #notation #profiling #travail (...)

##[fr]Règlement_Général_sur_la_Protection_des_Données__RGPD_[en]General_Data_Protection_Regulation__GDPR_[nl]General_Data_Protection_Regulation__GDPR_ ##AlgorithmWatch

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Undress or fail : Instagram’s algorithm strong-arms users into showing skin
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/instagram-algorithm-nudity

An exclusive investigation reveals that Instagram prioritizes photos of scantily-clad men and women, shaping the behavior of content creators and the worldview of 140 millions Europeans in what remains a blind spot of EU regulations. Sarah is a food entrepreneur in a large European city (the name was changed). The company she created helps women feel at ease with their food intake and advocates “intuitive eating”. Like many small-business owners, Sarah relies on social media to attract (...)

#Google #Facebook #Instagram #algorithme #racisme #beauté #sexisme #discrimination #AlgorithmWatch #EuropeanDataJournalismNetwork #[fr]Règlement_Général_sur_la_Protection_des_Données_(RGPD)[en]General_Data_Protection_Regulation_(GDPR)[nl]General_Data_Protection_Regulation_(GDPR) (...)

##beauté ##[fr]Règlement_Général_sur_la_Protection_des_Données__RGPD_[en]General_Data_Protection_Regulation__GDPR_[nl]General_Data_Protection_Regulation__GDPR_ ##GoogleVisionAI

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Instagram capitalise sur la nudité
▻https://www.alternatives-economiques.fr/instagram-capitalise-nudite/00093095

Une enquête exclusive d’EDJNet révèle qu’Instagram privilégie les photos de femmes et d’hommes peu vêtus, influençant le comportement des créateurs de contenu et la vision du monde de 140 millions d’Européens dans ce qui demeure un angle mort des réglementations de l’Union européenne. Sarah est entrepreneure dans le domaine de l’alimentation à Berlin (nous avons changé son nom et celui de la ville). L’entreprise qu’elle a créée aide les femmes à se sentir à l’aise avec ce qu’elles mangent et prône « (...)

#Google #Facebook #Instagram #YouTube #algorithme #manipulation #AlgorithmWatch #beauté #sexisme #discrimination (...)

##beauté ##EuropeanDataJournalismNetwork

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Why policing is not predictable
▻https://aboutintel.eu/predictive-policing-ineffective-harmful

Discussion Prompt : When, if ever, is predictive policing effective, fair, and legitimate ? What is the role of data reliability in this ? Jurisdictions continue to roll out predictive policing methods that use AI-based analytics. So far, trials of these systems – especially those utilising facial recognition – have demonstrated extreme lack of effectiveness. Even more worrying is the risk of fundamental rights violations and the lack of attention paid to the ‘human factor’, i.e. the rights (...)

#Google #Palantir #algorithme #biométrie #criminalité #police #racisme #[fr]Règlement_Général_sur_la_Protection_des_Données_(RGPD)[en]General_Data_Protection_Regulation_(GDPR)[nl]General_Data_Protection_Regulation_(GDPR) #facial #prédiction #reconnaissance #sexisme #BigData (...)

##criminalité ##[fr]Règlement_Général_sur_la_Protection_des_Données__RGPD_[en]General_Data_Protection_Regulation__GDPR_[nl]General_Data_Protection_Regulation__GDPR_ ##discrimination ##GigEconomy ##SocialNetwork ##AlgorithmWatch ##ChaosComputerClub-CCC

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Sur Instagram, la prime secrète à la nudité : se déshabiller pour gagner de l’audience
▻https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/international/150620/sur-instagram-la-prime-secrete-la-nudite-se-deshabiller-pour-gagner-de-l-a

Notre enquête révèle que le réseau social montre davantage aux abonnés les photos de personnes dénudées, poussant les utilisateurs à poster de telles images afin d’atteindre le maximum d’audience. Une prime à la nudité qui questionne jusqu’au droit du travail. À en croire son compte Instagram, Sarah* habite au bord de la mer – et vit dans un monde où c’est presque toujours l’été. Sur son fil en effet, des photos d’elle à la plage, en maillot, brassière de sport, le long des dunes. Pourtant, la jeune femme (...)

#Instagram #algorithme #pornographie #racisme #[fr]Règlement_Général_sur_la_Protection_des_Données_(RGPD)[en]General_Data_Protection_Regulation_(GDPR)[nl]General_Data_Protection_Regulation_(GDPR) #beauté #sexisme #BigData #discrimination #marketing #santé #SocialNetwork (...)

##[fr]Règlement_Général_sur_la_Protection_des_Données__RGPD_[en]General_Data_Protection_Regulation__GDPR_[nl]General_Data_Protection_Regulation__GDPR_ ##beauté ##santé ##AlgorithmWatch

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Auditer les algorithmes : de la difficulté de passer des principes aux applications concrètes
▻http://www.internetactu.net/a-lire-ailleurs/auditer-les-algorithmes-de-la-difficulte-de-passer-des-principes-aux-a

Des chercheurs de Google AI (dont Andrew Smart, responsable de l’équité de l’apprentissage automatisé chez Google, Rebecca N. White et Timnit Gebru qui codirigent l’équipe chargée de l’éthique de l’IA chez Google, Margaret Mitchell et Ben Hutchinson chercheurs au groupe de recherche de Google sur l’intelligence des machines, et d’autres chercheurs de Google Research), et du Partenariat sur l’IA (Inioluwa Deborah Raji) ont créé un référentiel pour aider les entreprises et les ingénieurs à auditer les (...)

#Google #algorithme #éthique #racisme #sexisme #discrimination #ACLU #AlgorithmWatch (...)

##technologisme
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EU makes move to ban use of facial recognition systems
▻https://sciencebusiness.net/news/eu-makes-move-ban-use-facial-recognition-systems

Experts want to see restrictions on systems they say are error-ridden, invasive and – in the wrong hands – authoritarian The European Commission is considering a temporary ban on the use of facial recognition in public areas for up to five years. According to an 18-page draft circulated last week, the ban, which would last between three and five years, would give the EU time to figure out "a sound methodology for assessing the impacts of this technology and possible risk management measures (...)

#Apple #Google #algorithme #CCTV #biométrie #facial #reconnaissance #[fr]Règlement_Général_sur_la_Protection_des_Données_(RGPD)[en]General_Data_Protection_Regulation_(GDPR)[nl]General_Data_Protection_Regulation_(GDPR) #AlgorithmWatch #BigBrotherWatch (...)

##[fr]Règlement_Général_sur_la_Protection_des_Données__RGPD_[en]General_Data_Protection_Regulation__GDPR_[nl]General_Data_Protection_Regulation__GDPR_ ##EuropeanDigitalRights

Une « erreur » aboutit à la suppression de commentaires critiquant le Parti communiste chinois sur YouTube
▻https://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2020/05/27/une-erreur-aboutit-a-la-suppression-de-commentaires-critiquant-le-parti-comm

La plate-forme de vidéo a annoncé enquêter sur les origines du problème. YouTube a reconnu mardi 26 mai qu’une « erreur commise par un système automatique de modération » avait abouti à la censure de commentaires critiquant le Parti communiste chinois (PCC). Dans la journée, l’entrepreneur américain Palmer Luckey, fondateur d’Oculus (groupe Facebook) s’était plaint d’avoir constaté la disparition rapide de commentaires qu’il avait publiés, et qui critiquaient un service de propagande du PCC. Ce message (...)

#Google #Oculus #YouTube #algorithme #racisme #censure #modération #discrimination #LGBT #AlgorithmWatch (...)

##bug

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Automated moderation tool from Google rates People of Color and gays as “toxic”
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/automated-moderation-perspective-bias

A systematic review of Google’s Perspective, a tool for automated content moderation, reveals that some adjectives are considered more toxic than others. “As a Black woman, I agree with the previous comment.” This phrase has a 32% probability of being “toxic”, according to Google’s Perspective service. For the phrase “As a French man, I agree with the previous comment” the probability is only 3%. Perspective was launched in 2017 in an attempt to fight online harassment. Built by Jigsaw, a Google (...)

#Google #Facebook #algorithme #bot #racisme #modération #sexisme #discrimination #LGBT (...)

##AlgorithmWatch

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Unchecked use of computer vision by police carries high risks of discrimination
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/computer-vision-police-discrimination

At least 11 local police forces in Europe use computer vision to automatically analyze images from surveillance cameras. The risks of discrimination run high but authorities ignore them. Pedestrians and motorists in some streets of Warsaw, Mannheim, Toulouse or Kortrijk are constantly monitored for abnormal behavior. Police in these cities, and many others, connected the video feeds of surveillance cameras to automated systems that claim to detect suspicious movements such as driving on (...)

#Google #Two-I #GoogleTranslate #algorithme #CCTV #automobile #sexisme #vidéo-surveillance #comportement #discrimination #surveillance (...)

##AlgorithmWatch

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AI Ethics Guidelines Global Inventory
▻https://inventory.algorithmwatch.org/about

Last year, AlgorithmWatch launched the AI Ethics Guidelines Global Inventory to compile frameworks and guidelines that seek to set out principles of how systems for automated decision-making (ADM) can be developed and implemented ethically. We have now upgraded this directory by revising its categories and adding a search and filter function. With the support of many contributors we have compiled more than 160 guidelines. As our evaluation shows, there are still only a few guidelines which (...)

#AlgorithmWatch #éthique #algorithme

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How Dutch activists got an invasive fraud detection algorithm banned – AlgorithmWatch
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/syri-netherlands-algorithm

The Dutch government has been using SyRI, a secret algorithm, to detect possible social welfare fraud. Civil rights activists have taken the matter to court and managed to get public organizations to think about less repressive alternatives. In its fight against fraud, the Dutch government has been cross-referencing personal data from citizens in various databases since 2014. This system, called SyRI (for “system risk indication”), wants to find “unlikely citizen profiles” that warrant (...)

#bug #surveillance #algorithme #fraude #pauvreté #SyRI #AlgorithmWatch

##pauvreté

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Google apologizes after its Vision AI produced racist results – AlgorithmWatch
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/google-vision-racism

A Google service that automatically labels images produced starkly different results depending on skin tone on a given image. The company fixed the issue, but the problem is likely much broader. In the fight against the novel coronavirus, many countries ordered that citizens have their temperature checked at train stations or airports. The device needed in such situations, a hand-held thermometer, has risen from a specialist item to a common sight. A branch of Artificial Intelligence (...)

#bug #AlgorithmWatch #santé #forme #discrimination #COVID-19 #violence #reconnaissance #racisme #algorithme #Instagram #Facebook (...)

##santé ##Google

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