#algorithmwatch

EU makes move to ban use of facial recognition systems
▻https://sciencebusiness.net/news/eu-makes-move-ban-use-facial-recognition-systems

Experts want to see restrictions on systems they say are error-ridden, invasive and – in the wrong hands – authoritarian The European Commission is considering a temporary ban on the use of facial recognition in public areas for up to five years. According to an 18-page draft circulated last week, the ban, which would last between three and five years, would give the EU time to figure out "a sound methodology for assessing the impacts of this technology and possible risk management measures (...)

#Apple #Google #algorithme #CCTV #biométrie #facial #reconnaissance #[fr]Règlement_Général_sur_la_Protection_des_Données_(RGPD)[en]General_Data_Protection_Regulation_(GDPR)[nl]General_Data_Protection_Regulation_(GDPR) #AlgorithmWatch #BigBrotherWatch (...)

##[fr]Règlement_Général_sur_la_Protection_des_Données__RGPD_[en]General_Data_Protection_Regulation__GDPR_[nl]General_Data_Protection_Regulation__GDPR_ ##EuropeanDigitalRights

Une « erreur » aboutit à la suppression de commentaires critiquant le Parti communiste chinois sur YouTube
▻https://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2020/05/27/une-erreur-aboutit-a-la-suppression-de-commentaires-critiquant-le-parti-comm

La plate-forme de vidéo a annoncé enquêter sur les origines du problème. YouTube a reconnu mardi 26 mai qu’une « erreur commise par un système automatique de modération » avait abouti à la censure de commentaires critiquant le Parti communiste chinois (PCC). Dans la journée, l’entrepreneur américain Palmer Luckey, fondateur d’Oculus (groupe Facebook) s’était plaint d’avoir constaté la disparition rapide de commentaires qu’il avait publiés, et qui critiquaient un service de propagande du PCC. Ce message (...)

#Google #Oculus #YouTube #algorithme #racisme #censure #modération #discrimination #LGBT #AlgorithmWatch (...)

##bug

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Automated moderation tool from Google rates People of Color and gays as “toxic”
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/automated-moderation-perspective-bias

A systematic review of Google’s Perspective, a tool for automated content moderation, reveals that some adjectives are considered more toxic than others. “As a Black woman, I agree with the previous comment.” This phrase has a 32% probability of being “toxic”, according to Google’s Perspective service. For the phrase “As a French man, I agree with the previous comment” the probability is only 3%. Perspective was launched in 2017 in an attempt to fight online harassment. Built by Jigsaw, a Google (...)

#Google #Facebook #algorithme #bot #racisme #modération #sexisme #discrimination #LGBT (...)

##AlgorithmWatch

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Unchecked use of computer vision by police carries high risks of discrimination
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/computer-vision-police-discrimination

At least 11 local police forces in Europe use computer vision to automatically analyze images from surveillance cameras. The risks of discrimination run high but authorities ignore them. Pedestrians and motorists in some streets of Warsaw, Mannheim, Toulouse or Kortrijk are constantly monitored for abnormal behavior. Police in these cities, and many others, connected the video feeds of surveillance cameras to automated systems that claim to detect suspicious movements such as driving on (...)

#Google #Two-I #GoogleTranslate #algorithme #CCTV #automobile #sexisme #vidéo-surveillance #comportement #discrimination #surveillance (...)

##AlgorithmWatch

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AI Ethics Guidelines Global Inventory
▻https://inventory.algorithmwatch.org/about

Last year, AlgorithmWatch launched the AI Ethics Guidelines Global Inventory to compile frameworks and guidelines that seek to set out principles of how systems for automated decision-making (ADM) can be developed and implemented ethically. We have now upgraded this directory by revising its categories and adding a search and filter function. With the support of many contributors we have compiled more than 160 guidelines. As our evaluation shows, there are still only a few guidelines which (...)

#AlgorithmWatch #éthique #algorithme

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How Dutch activists got an invasive fraud detection algorithm banned – AlgorithmWatch
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/syri-netherlands-algorithm

The Dutch government has been using SyRI, a secret algorithm, to detect possible social welfare fraud. Civil rights activists have taken the matter to court and managed to get public organizations to think about less repressive alternatives. In its fight against fraud, the Dutch government has been cross-referencing personal data from citizens in various databases since 2014. This system, called SyRI (for “system risk indication”), wants to find “unlikely citizen profiles” that warrant (...)

#bug #surveillance #algorithme #fraude #pauvreté #SyRI #AlgorithmWatch

##pauvreté

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Google apologizes after its Vision AI produced racist results – AlgorithmWatch
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/google-vision-racism

A Google service that automatically labels images produced starkly different results depending on skin tone on a given image. The company fixed the issue, but the problem is likely much broader. In the fight against the novel coronavirus, many countries ordered that citizens have their temperature checked at train stations or airports. The device needed in such situations, a hand-held thermometer, has risen from a specialist item to a common sight. A branch of Artificial Intelligence (...)

#bug #AlgorithmWatch #santé #forme #discrimination #COVID-19 #violence #reconnaissance #racisme #algorithme #Instagram #Facebook (...)

##santé ##Google

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Automated decision-making systems and the fight against COVID-19 – our position – AlgorithmWatch
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/our-position-on-adms-and-the-fight-against-covid19

As the COVID-19 pandemic rages throughout the world, many are wondering whether and how to use automated decision-making systems (ADMS) to curb the outbreak. Different solutions are being proposed and implemented in different countries, ranging from authoritarian social control (China) to privacy-oriented, decentralized solutions (MIT’s ‘Safe Path’). What follows is a set of possible principles and considerations on which to ground an informed, democratic and useful discussion regarding the (...)

#algorithme #smartphone #géolocalisation #[fr]Règlement_Général_sur_la_Protection_des_Données_(RGPD)[en]General_Data_Protection_Regulation_(GDPR)[nl]General_Data_Protection_Regulation_(GDPR) #consentement #métadonnées #BigData #santé #surveillance (...)

##[fr]Règlement_Général_sur_la_Protection_des_Données__RGPD_[en]General_Data_Protection_Regulation__GDPR_[nl]General_Data_Protection_Regulation__GDPR_ ##santé ##AlgorithmWatch

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Central authorities slow to react as Sweden’s cities embrace automation of welfare management – AlgorithmWatch
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/trelleborg-sweden-algorithm

Trelleborg is Sweden’s front-runner in automating welfare distribution. An analysis of the system’s source code brought little transparency – but revealed that the personal data of hundreds was wrongly made public. Trelleborg is a city of 40,000 in Sweden’s far south. Three years ago, it became the first municipality to introduce fully automated decision-making in its social services. They named their robot Ernst and introduced it as a digital co-worker. Sweden’s social services are governed (...)

#algorithme #technologisme #pauvreté #AlgorithmWatch

##pauvreté

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At least 10 police forces use face recognition in the EU, AlgorithmWatch reveals
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/face-recognition-police-europe

The majority of the police forces that answered questions by AlgorithmWatch said they use or plan to introduce face recognition. Use cases vary greatly across countries, but almost all have in common their lack of transparency. Police departments have long attempted to acquire, structure and store data on the populations they keep a watch on. Frenchman Alphonse Bertillon pioneered the use of anthropometrics by the police in the 1870s, creating a collection of tens of thousands of cards (...)

#algorithme #CCTV #biométrie #facial #reconnaissance #vidéo-surveillance #empreintes #marcheur·euse #surveillance #vêtement #sport (...)

##AlgorithmWatch

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De l’explicabilité des systèmes : les enjeux de l’explication des décisions automatisées
▻http://www.internetactu.net/2019/11/14/de-lexplicabilite-des-systemes-les-enjeux-de-lexplication-des-decision

Etymologiquement, expliquer, c’est déployer, déplier, c’est-à-dire soulever les ambiguïtés qui se cachent dans l’ombre des plis. C’est donc également « ouvrir » (avec tout le sens que « l’ouverture » – open – a acquis dans le monde numérique), défaire, dépaqueter, c’est-à-dire non seulement enlever les paquets, dérouler les difficultés, mais aussi montrer les noeuds qu’ils forment et comprendre pourquoi ils se forment. Expliquer, c’est clarifier. Mais clarifier comment ? Pour qui ? Que faut-il expliquer (et donc (...)

#algorithme #éthique #terms #technologisme #domination #AlgorithmWatch #[fr]Règlement_Général_sur_la_Protection_des_Données_(RGPD)[en]General_Data_Protection_Regulation_(GDPR)[nl]General_Data_Protection_Regulation_(GDPR)

##[fr]Règlement_Général_sur_la_Protection_des_Données__RGPD_[en]General_Data_Protection_Regulation__GDPR_[nl]General_Data_Protection_Regulation__GDPR_

“Explainable AI” doesn’t work for online services – now there’s proof
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/explainable-ai-doesnt-work-for-online-services-now-theres-proof

New regulation, such as the GDPR, encourages the adoption of “explainable artificial intelligence.” Two researchers claim to have proof of the impossibility for online services to provide trusted explanations. Most algorithms labelled “artificial intelligence” automatically identify relationships in large data sets, unbeknownst to the humans who program them. No one at Facebook decides on what advertisements are displayed on your newsfeed. Instead, an algorithm learned that, based on about 900 (...)

#algorithme #éthique #technologisme #domination #terms #AlgorithmWatch

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Palantir, the secretive data behemoth linked to the Trump administration, expands into Europe
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/palantir-the-secretive-data-behemoth-linked-to-the-trump-administrat

The data analysis company, known in particular for running the deportation machine of the Trump administration, is expanding aggressively into Europe. Who are its clients ? Palantir was founded in 2004, in the wake of the September 11 attacks. Its founders wanted to help intelligence agencies organize the data they collected, so that they would identify threats before they could strike. It is widely rumored that its tools helped find Osama Bin Laden prior to his assassination in 2011 (...)

#NYPD #Palantir #AmericanExpress #CambridgeAnalytica #Coca-Cola #ICE #In-Q-Tel #algorithme #manipulation #élections #prédiction #BigData #data (...)

##AlgorithmWatch

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Facebook enables automated scams, but fails to automate the fight against them
▻https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/facebook-enables-automated-scams-but-fails-to-automate-the-fight-aga

Scammers massively use Facebook’s advertising platform using so-called “cloakers” to evade automated checks. They would be very simple to detect but, despite announcements to the contrary, Facebook seems to tolerate them. Facebook’s targeted advertising revolutionized confidence tricks, or scams, by which a criminal convinces his (the criminals are almost exclusively male) victims to give him money in exchange for future rewards, which never materialize. Scamming is not new. Virtually all (...)

#Facebook #algorithme #manipulation #AlgorithmWatch

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On ne peut pas se fier à la reconnaissance de l’émotion
▻http://www.internetactu.net/a-lire-ailleurs/on-ne-peut-pas-se-fier-a-la-reconnaissance-de-lemotion

Appliquer les technologies de l’intelligence artificielle de la reconnaissance faciale aux questions émotionnelles est en plein essor. Nombre d’entreprises vendent des solutions proposant de détecter les émotions de quelqu’un en se basant sur ses expressions faciales… Nous avons plusieurs fois sur InternetActu.net souligné bien des limites à l’analyse émotionnelle automatisée (« De la conception émotionnelle en ses limites » ; « Peut-on rendre le ciblage psychologique productif ? »…). James Vincent pour (...)

#Affectiva #Microsoft #algorithme #biométrie #émotions #facial #AlgorithmWatch

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Defective computing : How algorithms use speech analysis to profile job candidates
https://algorithmwatch.org/en/story/speech-analysis-hr

Some companies and scientists present Affective Computing, the algorithmic analysis of personality traits also known as “artificial emotional intelligence”, as an important new development. But the methods that are used are often dubious and present serious risks for discrimination. It was announced with some fanfare that Alexa and others would soon demonstrate breakthroughs in the field of emotion analysis. Much is written about affective computing, but products are far from market ready. (...)

#Amazon #algorithme #Alexa #discrimination #émotions #facial #surveillance #travailleurs #voix (...)

##AlgorithmWatch

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