• Trottinettes électriques : Bird met en avant ses embauches d’intérimaires dans la bataille de la com’
    https://www.numerama.com/tech/520523-trottinettes-electriques-bird-met-en-avant-ses-embauches-dinterimai

    Alors que la plupart des services de trottinettes électriques font uniquement appel à des auto-entrepreneurs, la société Bird a tenu à rappeler qu’elle engage également des intérimaires. Mais que vaut réellement ce genre d’embauche ? À Paris, la concurrence entre les nombreux services de trottinettes électriques fait rage et il est difficile de se démarquer. Pour montrer qu’elle en fait plus que d’autres, la société Bird a décidé de mettre en avant « Bird Watchers », un programme passé inaperçu (...)

    #trottinette #travail #marketing #Bird

    //c1.lestechnophiles.com/www.numerama.com/content/uploads/2018/07/vlc_2018-07-31_14-40-15.jpg

  • Uber Drivers in four UK cities to protest ahead of company’s IPO · IWGB
    https://iwgb.org.uk/post/5cd28b1260b6f/uber-drivers-in-four-uk

    8 May 2019 - Uber drivers in London, Birmingham, Nottingham and Glasgow to log off app and protest outside Uber offices in each city
    Drivers condemn Uber for large payouts to founder, venture capitalists and executives despite failure to resolve pay issues

    Drivers call on public to not cross “digital picket line” on 8 May
    8 May: Hundreds of Uber drivers will log off the app and stage protests in London, Birmingham, Nottingham and Glasgow today, as part of an international day of action taking place in dozens of cities around the world ahead of the company’s IPO.

    UK drivers are expected to log off the app between 7am and 4pm and the United Private Hire Drivers (UPHD) branch of the Independent Workers Union of Great Britain (IWGB), is calling for drivers to protest outside of Uber’s offices in London, Birmingham, Nottingham and Glasgow.

    The IWGB’s UPHD branch is asking the public to not cross the digital picket line by using the app to book Uber services during these times. Thousands of other drivers are expected to take action around the world, from the United States to Brazil, as part of an international day of action.

    Drivers are protesting against the IPO, which will value the company at tens of billions of dollars and lead to massive payouts for investors, while driver pay continues to be cut.

    Despite the expected massive payout for a few at the top, Uber’s business model is unsustainable in its dependence upon large scale worker exploitation. Since 2016, successive judgements from the UK’s Employment Tribunal, Employment Appeal Tribunal and Court of Appeal have all said Uber drivers are being unlawfully denied basic worker rights, such as the minimum wage and holiday pay. The IWGB is expected to face Uber at the Supreme Court later this year.

    Uber’s own prospectus recently filed with the US Securities and Exchange Commission admits that being forced to respect worker rights and pay VAT as a result of the IWGB’s legal challenge would be a material risk to its business model. It also says that driver pay and job satisfaction will fall as Uber seeks to cut costs to become profitable.

    Analysis by UPHD shows that Uber drivers currently earn on average £5 per hour and work as much as 30 hours per week before breaking even.

    The drivers are demanding:

    Fares be increased to £2 per mile

    Commissions paid by drivers to Uber be reduced from 25% to 15%

    An end to unfair dismissals*

    Uber to respect the rulings of the Employment Tribunal, The Employment Appeal Tribunal and the Court of Appeal confirming ’worker’ status for drivers

    IWGB UPHD branch secretary Yaseen Aslam said: “Since Uber arrived to the UK in 2012, it has progressively driven down pay and conditions in the minicab sector to the point where many drivers are now being pushed to work over 60 hours a week just to get by. Now, a handful of investors are expected to get filthy rich off the back of the exploitation of these drivers on poverty wages. We are protesting today demanding that the company pay drivers a decent wage and that government authorities tackle Uber’s chronic unlawful behaviour.”

    IWGB UPHD branch chair James Farrar said: “Uber’s flotation is shaping up to be an unprecedented international orgy of greed as investors cash in on one of the most abusive business models ever to emerge from Silicon Valley. It is the drivers who have created this extraordinary wealth but they continue to be denied even the most basic workplace rights. We call on the public not to cross the digital picket line on 8 May but to stand in solidarity with impoverished drivers across the world who have made Uber so successful.”

    The protests are expected to take place at:

    London 1pm - Uber UK Head Office,1 Aldgate Tower, 2 Leman St, London E1 8FA

    Birmingham 1pm -100 Broad St, Birmingham B15 1AE

    Nottingham 1pm - King Edward Court Unit C, Nottingham NG1 1EL

    Glasgow 2pm - 69 Buchanan St, Glasgow G1 3HL

    #Uber #Streik #London #Birmingham #Nottingham #Glasgow

  • Myanmar: Surge in Arrests for Critical Speech | Human Rights Watch
    https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/04/26/myanmar-surge-arrests-critical-speech

    Myanmar’s authorities have in recent weeks engaged in a series of arrests of peaceful critics of the army and government, Human Rights Watch said today. The parliament, which begins its new session on April 29, 2019, should repeal or amend repressive laws used to silence critics and suppress freedom of expression.

    The recent upswing in arrests of satirical performers, political activists, and journalists reflects the rapid decline in freedom of expression in Myanmar under the National League for Democracy (NLD) government. In the latest blow to media freedom, on April 23, the Supreme Court upheld the seven-year prison sentences of two Reuters journalists accused of breaching the Official Secrets Act. Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo, who won Pulitzer prizes earlier in April for their reporting, had been prosecuted in apparent retaliation for their investigation of a massacre of Rohingya villagers in Inn Din, Rakhine State, that implicated the army.

    “Myanmar’s government should be leading the fight against the legal tools of oppression that have long been used to prosecute critics of the military and government,” said Brad Adams, Asia director. “During military rule, Aung San Suu Kyi and many current lawmakers fought for free expression, yet now the NLD majority in parliament has taken almost no steps to repeal or amend abusive laws still being used to jail critics.”

    #Birmanie #liberté_d'expression #répression #prix_nobel_de_la_paix

  • Birth of a Nation
    https://www.nova-cinema.org/prog/2019/171-killing-2360/public-domain-day/article/birth-of-a-nation

    David Wark Griffith, 1915, US, 35mm, SANS DIAL ST ANG, 193’

    Griffith, homme du Sud avec une vision idoine de l’Histoire, signe ici un film d’exploitation, roublard, d’après le roman de Thomas Dixon Jr, qui finance en partie le film ! Pari réussi, puisqu’à la diffusion de « Naissance d’une Nation », le Klu Klux Klan moribond de l’époque renaît de ses cendres, et une partie du public noir, émue et dégoutée, provoquera des attentats contre des salles. Sebastien Demeffe et Guillaume Maupin avaient concocté une bande son à ce film pour le Nova en 2016, à partir de leur collection de vinyls et de quelques autres documents. Entre temps, Griezmann et son « blackface », mais aussi les Zwarte Piet, font polémique, et Trump a vraiment été élu (avec des collaborateurs et des arguments proches des (...)

  • Nowhere to go: #Myanmar farmers under siege from land law

    The Myanmar government has tightened a law on so-called ’vacant, fallow and virgin’ land, and farmers are at risk.

    Han Win Naung is besieged on his own land.

    Last September, local administrators in Myanmar’s southern Tanintharyi region put up a sign at the edge of his 5.7-hectare farm that read “Under Management Ownership - Do Not Trespass”.

    They felled the trees and started building a drug rehabilitation facility and an agriculture training school on opposite ends of his plot.

    He was eventually informed that the administrators were challenging his claim to the land and had filed charges against him under a controversial law that could see him jailed for three years.

    “I didn’t know what this law was,” the 37-year-old farmer told Al Jazeera. “I didn’t understand what was happening to us. They also asked us to move. We don’t have anywhere else to go.”

    Han Win Naung is accused of violating the Vacant, Fellow and Virgin (#VFV) Lands Management Law which requires anyone living on land categorised as “vacant, fallow, and virgin” to apply for a permit to continue using it for the next 30 years.

    According to estimates based on government data, this category totals more than 20 million hectares or 30 percent of Myanmar’s land area. Three-quarters of it is home to the country’s ethnic minorities.

    The law has sparked outrage among land-rights activists, who say it criminalises millions of farmers who do not have permits and lays the ground for unchecked land seizures by the government, the military and private companies.

    Struggle to survive

    “The more people learn about this law, the more they will use it against farmers who cannot afford lawyers,” said a lawyer who is representing Han Win Naung. She asked to be identified only as a member of Tanintharyi Friends, a group that represents several farmers who have been sued under this law.

    Now Han Win Naung’s farm is in disrepair. Because of the lawsuit, he has been unable to tend to the mango, banana and cashew trees that have sustained his family since his father set up the farm 28 years ago.

    “We haven’t been able to do anything on the farm since September … We are facing a lot of trouble getting food on the table,” he said.

    The VFV law is modelled on a British colonial policy in which land occupied by indigenous people was labelled “wasteland” in order to justify seizing it and extracting its revenue. After independence, Myanmar’s military rulers adopted the strategy as a way to ensure they could feed their ranks.

    In 2012, the nominally civilian government under former general Thein Sein enshrined the strategy into law, referring to the targeted land as “vacant, fallow, and virgin” instead of “wasteland”.

    Last year, despite coming to power on a platform of protecting the land rights of smallholder farmers and promising to reverse all military land grabs within a single year, the government of Aung San Suu Kyi and her National League for Democracy (NLD) made the VFV law stricter.

    With the NLD’s endorsement, arrests and evictions of farmers like Han Win Naung are accelerating.

    In September 2018, Myanmar’s parliament, which is controlled by the NLD, passed an amendment that imposed a two-year prison sentence on anyone found living on “vacant, fallow, and virgin land” without a permit after March 11.

    This gave millions of farmers, many of them illiterate or unable to speak Burmese, just six months to complete a Kafkaesque process of claiming land they already consider their own.

    According to a survey conducted by the Mekong Region Land Governance Project, in the month before the deadline, 95 percent of people living on so-called VFV land had no knowledge of the law.

    ’Torn up’

    As the deadline approached, local land-rights activists jumped into action, sending petitions to the government demanding that the law be repealed.

    In November, 300 civil society organisations signed an open letter denouncing the law as “an effort to grab the land of ethnic peoples across the country”, especially land belonging to hundreds of thousands of refugees and internally displaced people who have no ability to apply for permits.

    In December, the Karen National Union (KNU), a powerful ethnic armed organisation that had recently withdrawn from the national peace process, called for the VFV law to be “torn up”, raising the spectre of future conflict.

    But these petitions fell on deaf ears, and as the deadline expired, millions of people, many of whose families had been on the same land for generations, became trespassers.

    Saw Alex Htoo, deputy director of the Karen Environmental and Social Action Network (KESAN), blames the NLD’s pursuit of foreign investment for the policy.

    “The NLD is pushing for investment to come into the country without really looking at what’s happening on the ground,” he said. “That’s the only way they could support this VFV law, which is inviting conflict and will displace millions of farmers across the country.”

    When asked why the party would pass an amendment that could harm so many people, NLD spokesperson Myo Nyunt said that while land disputes might arise, the purpose of the law was not mass dispossession.

    “The purpose of the law is to promote the rule of law,” he said.

    "When we implement the new law, those affected have the responsibility to understand and follow it. If they have grievances, they can report them to the relevant committee addressing land grabs. There will be some people who are affected negatively by this law, but that is not the intention of this law.

    “The government is working to improve the livelihood and quality of life in Myanmar and the rule of law.”

    Ye Lin Myint, national coordinator for the Myanmar Alliance for Transparency and Accountability (MATA), said enforcement of the VFV law actually calls the rule of law into question because it contradicts several earlier government commitments, including the 2015 Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) between the government and eight ethnic armed organizations.

    “The NCA clearly states that during the peace process, there should be no land seizures,” he said. “This law will start a domino effect of ethnic conflict.”

    Conflict over the VFV law has already begun. At least one activist has been arrested for protesting against it and observers say the NLD’s role in generating conflict risks a backlash in next year’s election.

    “The ruling National League for Democracy party are really shooting themselves in the foot with the VFV law,” said Phil Robertson, deputy Asia director for Human Rights Watch. “This will be a human rights disaster that goes to the doorstep of millions of farmers across the nation, and it’s a fair bet they will punish those they consider responsible in the next election.”

    Han Win Naung attests to this. Since he was sued, his 80-year-old father has stopped eating and cannot sleep. His children, nieces, and nephews are embarrassed to go to school.

    “People like us have been suffering since this government came to power,” he said. “We don’t think we will be voting for the NLD in 2020.”

    https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/03/myanmar-farmers-siege-land-law-190328003658355.html
    #Birmanie #terres #agriculture #géographie_du_vide #loi #expulsion #minorités #accaparemment_des_terres
    ping @odilon

  • Coder’s Way Of Wishing Happy #birthday
    https://hackernoon.com/coders-way-of-wishing-happy-birthday-1fe457e7a2ba?source=rss----3a8144ea

    Image Source : Google Search99.9% of people just say “Happy Birthday” to each other over Social Networking Sites like Facebook and Twitter with the same 14 predictable letters. Why not say it with code? If you’re a developer you already understand it!01001000 01100001 01110000 01110000 01111001 00100000 01000010 01101001 01110010 01110100 01101000 01100100 01100001 01111001 00100001When someone near and dear to your heart turns another year older, you’ll want to do everything you can to make their day extra memorable. Whether you’re throwing a birthday party, a cocktail party or planning a dinner at the honouree’s favourite restaurant, it’s tradition to wish them online via Facebook/Twitter etc. People makes beautiful cards to celebrate this occasion but what about us? We are not creative, (...)

    #birthday-card #birthday-gifts #happy-birthday-wishes

  • An Unholy Alliance: Monks and the Military in Myanmar | Myanmar | Al Jazeera
    https://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/specialseries/2019/03/unholy-alliance-monks-military-myanmar-190309083316608.html

    The monks there are connected to one of the world’s worst humanitarian crises, the systematic persecution and genocide of the #Rohingya in Rakhine state.

    #Birmanie

  • Filmart: Bangladeshi Filmmaker Documents the Plight of the #Rohingya People: “A Tragedy With a Very Human Face”

    Documentary director #Abid_Hossain_Khan ’s debut feature ’#Belonging' is told from the perspective of a six-year-old girl as she searches for her missing family in the sprawling Rohingya refugee camps across the border from Myanmar in #Bangladesh.


    https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/abid-hossain-khan-documents-plight-rohingya-people-a-tragedy-a-ve
    #film #documentaire #réfugiés #camps_de_réfugiés #Myanmar #Birmanie #réfugiés_rohingya #frontières

  • Education : needs, rights and access in displacement

    Education is one of the most important aspects of our lives – vital to our development, our understanding and our personal and professional fulfilment throughout life. In times of crisis, however, millions of displaced young people miss out on months or years of education, and this is damaging to them and their families, as well as to their societies, both in the short and long term. This issue of FMR includes 29 articles on Education, and two ‘general’ articles.


    https://www.fmreview.org/education-displacement/contents
    #éducation #asile #migrations #réfugiés #droit_à_l'éducation #accès_à_l'éducation #scolarisation #déscolarisation #Syrie #conflit #guerre #genre #abus_sexuels #viols #Jordanie #Dadaab #Kenya #Grèce #écoles_de_rue #France #bus_école #Ouganda #Ethiopie #Palestine #réfugiés_palestiniens #Rwanda #UK #Angleterre #réfugiés_syriens #Turquie #MNA #mineurs_non_accompagnés #USA #Etats-Unis #travail_forcé #enfants #enfance #Iran #réfugiés_afghans #université #Myanmar #Birmanie #réfugiés_rohingya #Rohingya

  • Land Confiscation Is Latest Barrier to Return for Myanmar’s Displaced

    An amendment to Myanmar’s land-ownership laws will make it nearly impossible for #Rohingya refugees and Myanmar’s internally displaced to return to land they’ve tilled for generations.


    https://www.newsdeeply.com/refugees/articles/2019/03/15/land-confiscation-is-latest-barrier-to-return-for-myanmars-displaced
    #terres #confiscation_des_terres #Myanmar #Birmanie #retour_au_pays #IDPs #déplacés_internes #réfugiés #asile #migrations #loi #terre #foncier #réfugiés_rohingya #cartographie #visualisation

  • UN envoy fears ’new crisis’ for Rohingya Muslims if moved to remote Bangladesh island

    A United Nations human rights investigator on #Myanmar has voiced deep concern at Bangladesh’s plan to relocate 23,000 Rohingya refugees to a remote island, saying it may not be habitable and could create a “new crisis”.

    https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-03-12/un-envoy-fears-new-crisis-for-rohingya-muslims/10890932
    #réfugiés #îles #île #Bangladesh #rohingya #réfugiés_rohingya #asile #migrations #Birmanie

    • Polly Pallister-Wilkins signale sur twitter (https://twitter.com/PollyWilkins/status/1105366496291753984) le lien à faire avec le concept de #penal_humanitarianism (#humanitarisme_pénal)

      Introducing the New Themed Series on Penal Humanitarianism

      Humanitarianism is many things to many people. It is an ethos, an array of sentiments and moral principles, an imperative to intervene, and a way of ‘doing good’ by bettering the human condition through targeting suffering. It is also a form of governance. In Border Criminologies’ new themed series, we look closer at the intersections of humanitarian reason with penal governance, and particularly the transfer of penal power beyond the nation state.

      The study of humanitarian sentiments in criminology has mainly focused on how these sensibilities have ‘humanized’ or ‘civilized’ punishment. As such, the notion of humanism in the study of crime, punishment, and justice is associated with human rights implementation in penal practices and with normative bulwark against penal populism; indeed, with a ‘softening’ of penal power.

      This themed series takes a slightly different approach. While non-punitive forces have a major place in the humanitarian sensibility, we explore how humanitarianism is put to work on and for penal power. In doing so, we look at how muscular forms of power – expulsion, punishment, war – are justified and extended through the invocation of humanitarian reason.

      In the following post, Mary Bosworth revisits themes from her 2017 article and addresses current developments on UK programmes delivered overseas to ‘manage migration’. She shows that through an expansion of these programmes, migration management and crime governance has not only elided, but ‘criminal justice investment appears to have become a humanitarian goal in its own right’. Similarly concerned with what happens at the border, Katja Franko and Helene O.I. Gundhus observed the paradox and contradictions between humanitarian ideals in the performative work of governmental discourses, and the lack of concern for migrants’ vulnerability in their article on Frontex operations.

      However, in their blog post they caution against a one-dimensional understanding of humanitarianism as legitimizing policy and the status quo. It may cloud from view agency and resistance in practice, and, they argue, ‘the dialectics of change arising from the moral discomfort of doing border work’. The critical, difficult question lurking beneath their post asks what language is left if not that of the sanctity of the human, and of humanity.

      Moving outside the European territorial border, Eva Magdalena Stambøl however corroborates the observation that penal power takes on a humanitarian rationale when it travels. Sharing with us some fascinating findings from her current PhD work on EU’s crime control in West Africa, and, more specifically, observations from her fieldwork in Niger, she addresses how the rationale behind the EU’s fight against ‘migrant smugglers’ in Niger is framed as a humanitarian obligation. In the process, however, the EU projects penal power beyond Europe and consolidates power in the ‘host’ state, in this case, Niger.

      Moving beyond nation-state borders and into the ‘international’, ‘global’, and ‘cosmopolitan’, my own research demonstrates how the power to punish is particularly driven by humanitarian reason when punishment is delinked from its association with the national altogether. I delve into the field of international criminal justice and show how it is animated by a humanitarian impetus to ‘do something’ about the suffering of distant others, and how, in particular, the human rights movement have been central to the fight against impunity for international crimes. Through the articulation of moral outrage, humanitarian sensibilities have found their expression in a call for criminal punishment to end impunity for violence against distant others. However, building on an ethnographic study of international criminal justice, which is forthcoming in the Clarendon Studies in Criminology published by Oxford University Press, I demonstrate how penal power remains deeply embedded in structural relations of (global) power, and that it functions to expand and consolidate these global inequalities further. Removed from the checks and balances of democratic institutions, I suggest that penal policies may be more reliant on categorical representations of good and evil, civilization and barbarity, humanity and inhumanity, as such representational dichotomies seem particularly apt to delineate the boundaries of cosmopolitan society.

      In the next post I co-wrote with Anette Bringedal Houge, we address the fight against sexual violence in conflict as penal humanitarianism par excellence, building on our study published in Law & Society Review. While attention towards conflict-related sexual violence is critically important, we take issue with the overwhelming dominance of criminal law solutions on academic, policy, and activist agendas, as the fight against conflict-related sexual violence has become the fight against impunity. We observe that the combination of a victim-oriented justification for international justice and graphic reproductions of the violence victims suffer, are central in the advocacy and policy fields responding to this particular type of violence. Indeed, we hold that it epitomizes how humanitarianism facilitates the expansion of penal power but take issue with what it means for how we address this type of violence.

      In the final post of this series, Teresa Degenhardt offers a discomforting view on the dark side of virtue as she reflects on how penal power is reassembled outside the state and within the international, under the aegis of human rights, humanitarianism, and the Responsibility to Protect-doctrine. Through the case of Libya, she claims that the global north, through various international interventions, ‘established its jurisdiction over local events’. Through what she calls a ‘pedagogy of liberal institutions’, Degenhardt argues that ‘the global north shaped governance through sovereign structures at the local level while re-articulating sovereign power at the global level’, in an argument that, albeit on a different scale, parallels that of Stambøl.

      The posts in this themed series raise difficult questions about the nature of penal power, humanitarianism, and the state. Through these diverse examples, each post demonstrates that while the nation state continues to operate as an essential territorial site of punishment, the power to punish has become increasingly complex. This challenges the epistemological privilege of the nation state framework in the study of punishment.

      However, while this thematic series focuses on how penal power travels through humanitarianism, we should, as Franko and Gundhus indicate, be careful of dismissing humanitarian sensibilities and logics as fraudulent rhetoric for a will to power. Indeed, we might – or perhaps should – proceed differently, given that in these times of pushback against international liberalism and human rights, and resurgent religion and nationalism, humanitarian reason is losing traction. Following an unmasking of humanitarianism as a logic of governance by both critical (leftist) scholars and rightwing populism alike, perhaps there is a need to revisit the potency of humanitarianism as normative bulwark against muscular power, and to carve out the boundaries of a humanitarian space of resistance, solidarity and dignity within a criminology of humanitarianism. Such a task can only be done through empirical and meticulous analysis of the uses and abuses of humanitarianism as an ethics of care.

      https://www.law.ox.ac.uk/research-subject-groups/centre-criminology/centreborder-criminologies/blog/2019/03/introducing-new

    • Most Rohingya refugees refuse to go to #Bhasan_Char island – Xchange survey

      Nearly all Rohingya refugees asked about relocating to a silt island in the Bay of Bengal refused to go, a new survey reveals.

      According to a new report published by the migration research and data analysis outfit Xchange Foundation, the vast majority of their respondents (98.4%) ‘categorically refused’ to go to Bhasan Char, while 98.7% of respondents were aware of the plan.

      From the over 1,000 respondents who expressed their opinion, concerns were raised about their safety, security and placement in a location further from Myanmar.

      Decades long limbo

      The findings obtained by the recent Xchange Foundation Report entitled ‘WE DO NOT BELIEVE MYANMAR!,’ chart the protracted living conditions and uncertain future of almost three quarters of a million recent Rohingya refugees living in Cox’s Bazar region of Bangladesh. Accumulated together with previous generations of Rohingya, there are approximately 1.2m living across over a dozen camps in the region.

      This is the sixth survey carried out by the Xchange Foundation on the experiences and conditions facing Rohingya refugees.

      The region has been host to Rohingya refugees for just over the last three decades with the recent crackdown and massacre by the Myanmar military in August 2017 forcing whole families and communities to flee westward to Bangladesh.

      While discussions between the Bangladeshi and Myanmar government over the repatriation of recent Rohingya refugees have been plagued by inertia and lukewarm commitment, the Bangladeshi government has been planning on relocating over 100,000 Rohingya refugees to the silt island of Bhasan Char in the Bay of Bengal. This process was expected to take place in the middle of April, according to a Bangladeshi government minister.

      State Minister for Disaster and Relief Management Md Enamur Rahman, told the Dhaka Tribune ‘Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina has instructed last week to complete the relocation 23,000 Rohingya families to Bhashan Char by Apr 15.’

      Is it safe?

      Numerous humanitarian organisations including Human Rights Watch, have expressed their concerns over the government’s proposals, saying there are few assurances that Rohingya refugees will be safe or their access to free movement, health, education and employment will be secured.

      HRW reported in March that the Bangladeshi authorities had issued assurances that there wouldn’t be forcible relocation but that the move was designed to relieve pressure on the refugee camps and settlements across Cox’s Bazar.

      The move would see the relocation of 23,000 Rohingya families to a specially constructed complex of 1,440 housing blocks, equipped with flood and cyclone shelter and flood walls. The project is estimated to have cost the Bangladeshi government over €250 million.

      To prepare the island, joint efforts of British engineering and environmental hydraulics company HR Wallingford and the Chinese construction company Sinohydro, have been responsible for the construction of a 13km flood embankment which encircles the island.

      When asked by the Xchange survey team one Male Rohingya of 28 years old said, ‘We saw videos of Bhasan Char; it’s not a safe place and also during the raining season it floods.’ An older female of 42 said, ‘I’m afraid to go to Bhasan Char, because I think there is a risk to my life and my children.’

      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DM8wlvLddnw

      Threat of flooding

      Bhasan Char or ‘Thengar Char,’ didn’t exist 20 years ago.

      The island is understood to have formed through gradual silt deposits forming a island around 30km from the Bangladeshi mainland. Until now, human activity on the island has been very minimal with it being largely used for cattle and only reachable by a 3.5 hour boat trip.

      But, the island is subject to the tides. It is reported that the island loses around 5,000 square acres of its territory from low to high tide (15,000 – 10,000 acres (54 square kilometres) respectively).

      This is worsened by the threat of the monsoon and cyclone season which according to HRW’s testimony can result in parts of the island eroding. This is recorded as being around one kilometre a year, ABC News reports.

      Golam Mahabub Sarwar of the Bangladeshi Ministry of Land, says that a high tide during a strong cyclone could completely flood the island. This is exemplifed by the 6 metre tidal range which is seen on fellow islands.

      New crisis

      The UN Envoy Yanghee Lee has warned that the Bangladesh government goes through with the relocation, it could risk creating a ‘new crisis’.

      Lee warned that she was uncertain of the island was ‘truly habitable’ for the over 23,000 families expected to live there.

      The Special Rapporteur to Myanmar made the comments to the Human Rights Council in March, saying that if the relocations were made without consent from the people it would affect, it had, ‘potential to create a new crisis.’

      She stressed that before refugees are relocated, the United Nations, ‘must be allowed to conduct a full technical and humanitarian assessment’ as well as allowing the beneficiary communities to visit and decide if it is right for them.

      https://www.newsbook.com.mt/artikli/2019/05/07/most-rohingya-refugees-refuse-to-go-to-bhasan-char-island-xchange-survey/?lang=en

    • Rohingya Refugees to Move to Flood-Prone Bangladesh Island

      Thousands of Rohingya living in Bangladesh refugee camps have agreed to move to an island in the #Bay_of_Bengal, officials said Sunday, despite fears the site is prone to flooding.

      Dhaka has long wanted to move 100,000 refugees to the muddy silt islet, saying it would take pressure off the overcrowded border camps where almost a million Rohingya live.

      Some 740,000 Rohingya fled Myanmar in August 2017 in the face of a military crackdown, joining 200,000 refugees already in makeshift tent settlements at Cox’s Bazar.

      Relocations begin soon

      Bangladesh’s refugee commissioner, Mahbub Alam, said officials overseeing the relocation would be posted to #Bhashan_Char_island in the next few days.

      Approximately 6,000-7,000 refugees have expressed their willingness to be relocated to Bhashan Char, Alam told AFP from Cox’s Bazar, adding that “the number is rising.”

      He did not say when the refugees would be moved, but a senior Navy officer involved in building facilities on the island said it could start by December, with some 500 refugees sent daily.

      Bangladesh had been planning since last year to relocate Rohingya to the desolate flood-prone site, which is an hour by boat from the mainland.

      Rights groups have warned the island, which emerged from the sea only about two decades ago, might not be able to withstand violent storms during the annual monsoon season.

      In the past half-century, powerful cyclones have killed hundreds of thousands of people in the Meghna river estuary where the island is located.

      Rohingya leaders would be taken to Bhashan Char to view the facilities and living conditions, Alam said.

      Safety facilities built on the island include a 9-feet (3 meter) high embankment along its perimeter to keep out tidal surges during cyclones, and a warehouse to store months’ worth of rations, he added.

      Overcrowding in camp

      Rohingya father-of-four Nur Hossain, 50, said he and his family agreed to relocate to #Bhashan_Char after they were shown video footage of the shelters.

      “I have agreed to go. The camp here (at Leda) is very overcrowded. There are food and housing problems,” the 50-year-old told AFP.

      There was no immediate comment from the U.N., although Bangladeshi officials said they expect a delegation would visit the island in the next few weeks.

      https://www.voanews.com/south-central-asia/rohingya-refugees-move-flood-prone-bangladesh-island

    • Bangladesh : des réfugiés rohingyas acceptent de partir sur une île

      Des milliers de Rohingyas vivant dans des camps de réfugiés au Bangladesh ont accepté de partir pour une île isolée du golfe du Bengale, ont annoncé dimanche les autorités, en dépit des risques d’inondations.

      Dacca a depuis longtemps fait part de son intention de transférer 100.000 réfugiés musulmans rohingyas des camps de réfugiés surpeuplés, près de la frontière birmane, vers un îlot de vase boueux et isolé du golfe du Bengale.

      Le gouvernement du Bangladesh y voit une solution pour résoudre le problème des camps de réfugiés surpeuplés où vivent près d’un million de Rohingyas.

      Environ 740.000 Rohingyas ont fui la Birmanie pour le Bangladesh en 2017 pour échapper à une répression militaire massive. Ils ont rejoint les quelque 200.000 réfugiés vivant déjà dans le district bangladais frontalier de Cox’s Bazar (sud-est).

      Le commissaire bangladais aux réfugiés, Mahbub Alam, a indiqué que des fonctionnaires seront détachés, dans les prochains jours, afin de superviser cette installation.

      « Environ 6.000 à 7.000 réfugiés ont déjà exprimé leur volonté d’être réinstallés à Bhashan Char », a déclaré Alam à l’AFP depuis Cox’s Bazar, affirmant que « leur nombre est en augmentation ».

      Il n’a cependant pas donné de chiffres sur le nombre de réfugiés qui seront ainsi déplacés.

      Selon un officier supérieur de la marine qui participe à la construction d’installations sur l’île, cette opération pourrait débuter en décembre et environ 500 réfugiés seraient envoyés quotidiennement sur cette île située à une heure de bateau de la terre ferme la plus proche.

      Des groupes de défense des droits affirment que Bhashan Char est susceptible d’être submergée lors des moussons.

      Au cours des cinquante dernières années, de puissants cyclones ont fait des centaines de milliers de morts dans l’estuaire de la rivière Meghna, où l’île se situe.

      Des responsables rohingyas seront conduits à Bhashan Char afin d’y découvrir les installations et leurs conditions de vie, a affirmé M. Alam.

      Des responsables locaux ont assuré qu’une digue de trois mètres a été construite autour de l’île pour la protéger de la montée des eaux en cas de cyclone.

      Nur Hossain, un réfugié rohingya, père de quatre enfants, a déclaré que sa famille et lui ont accepté de partir pour Bhashan Char après avoir vu des images vidéo des abris.

      « Le camp ici (à Leda) est très surpeuplé. Il y a des problèmes de nourriture et de logement », a déclaré à l’AFP cet homme de 50 ans.

      L’ONU n’a jusqu’à présent pas fait de déclaration à ce sujet. Des responsables bangladais ont cependant déclaré qu’une délégation des Nations unies se rendra sur l’île au cours des prochaines semaines.

      https://www.courrierinternational.com/depeche/bangladesh-des-refugies-rohingyas-acceptent-de-partir-sur-une

    • Rohingya: il Bangladesh vuole trasferirli su un’isola sperduta e pericolosa

      Le violenze dell’esercito del Myanmar avevano costretto centinaia di migliaia di Rohingya a rifugiarsi in Bangladesh nel 2017. E quando ancora un rientro nelle loro terre d’origine sembra lontano, Dacca cerca di mandarne 100 mila su un’isola remota e pericolosa nel Golfo del Bengala

      Non sono bastate le violenze dell’esercito del Myanmar e degli estremisti buddisti, che nell’agosto 2017 hanno costretto centinaia di migliaia di Rohingya a rifugiarsi in Bangladesh. E non bastano neanche le condizioni precarie in cui vivono nei fatiscenti campi profughi gestiti da Dacca. Il dramma di questa popolazione, che secondo le Nazioni Unite è una delle minoranze più perseguitate al mondo, non sembra avere fine.

      La scorsa settimana il governo del Bangladesh ha annunciato che alla fine di novembre inizierà il trasferimento di 100 mila rifugiati Rohingya a Bhasan Char, una remota isola nel Golfo del Bengala. Per le autorità questa mossa sarebbe necessaria a causa del «disperato sovraffollamento» nei campi di Cox’s Bazar, una città al confine con la ex-Birmania, che ora ospita oltre 700 mila sfollati. Ma la scelta della nuova collocazione ha sollevato una serie di preoccupazioni per la salute e la sicurezza dei Rohingya che verranno trasferiti.

      Rohinghya in Bangladesh: l’isola in mezzo al nulla

      Yanghee Lee, relatore speciale delle Nazioni Unite sulla situazione dei diritti umani in Myanmar, che ha visitato l’isola nel gennaio 2019, ha espresso seri dubbi e preoccupazioni sul fatto che «l’isola sia davvero abitabile». Bhasan Char, infatti, è soggetta frequentemente ad inondazioni e cicloni. Lee ha anche avvertito che «un trasferimento mal pianificato e senza il consenso degli stessi rifugiati, creerebbe una nuova crisi per i Rohingya».

      Il governo di Dacca ha spiegato che tutte le ricollocazioni a Bhasan Char saranno rigorosamente volontarie e che oltre 7 mila rifugiati hanno già accettato di trasferirsi. Non sappiamo, però, se questi Rohingya siano effettivamente consapevoli dell’isolamento e della pericolosità del contesto in cui andranno a vivere. L’isola, infatti, è a ore di navigazione dalla terraferma e le condizioni del mare non sono delle migliori. Durante il periodo dei monsoni i pochi residenti sono bloccati in mezzo alle acque per lunghi periodi.

      Rohingya a rischio sussistenza

      Sebbene le autorità abbiano migliorato le infrastrutture a Bhasan Char, per cercare di contrastare i rischi di inondazioni e costruito più di 1.400 edifici per ospitare gli sfollati, l’isola non ha un adeguato sistema di agricoltura e le attività commerciali sono quasi inesistenti. Inoltre vanno aggiunte le difficoltà per quanto riguarda l’istruzione e la sanità. Problematiche già presenti nei campi di Cox’s Bazar, che nei mesi scorsi avevano anche lanciato l’allarme del radicalismo islamico.

      Nell’ultimo periodo, infatti, nelle strutture dove hanno trovato rifugio i Rohingya scappati dal Myanmar sono proliferate centinaia di scuole coraniche gestite da Hefazat-e-Islam, un gruppo estremista locale fondato nel 2010, che in passato ha organizzato numerose proteste di piazza. Questa organizzazione, finanziata da alcuni Paesi del Golfo, ha di fatto riempito il vuoto educativo imposto da Dacca, che ha vietato alla minoranza musulmana di frequentare gli istituti locali.

      Chi sono i Rohingya e perché sono perseguitati

      I Rohingya sono un popolo invisibile. Di fede musulmana, dall’ottavo secolo vivono nel Nord-Ovest del Myanmar, ma non vengono considerati ufficialmente un’etnia dal governo. Proprio per questo non hanno alcun diritto e la maggior parte di loro non ha cittadinanza nel paese guidato dal premio Nobel per la pace Aung San Suu Kyi. Senza il diritto di avere cure mediche e istruzione, non possono possedere nulla e non possono avere più di due figli.

      Si è tornato a parlare della loro drammatica situazione nell’agosto di due anni fa, a causa delle persecuzioni dei militari birmani, che li hanno costretti ad un esodo nel vicino Bangladesh. Le poche testimonianze di prima mano arrivate in quei giorni del 2017 parlavano di brutalità inaudite e quotidiane: centinaia di morti, stupri, mine, sparizioni, villaggi dati alle fiamme e torture.

      Rohingya: il difficile ritorno in Myanmar

      Negli ultimi due anni, il governo del Myanmar ha negato la sua colpevolezza per le atrocità commesse e ha vietato alle organizzazioni e agli osservatori internazionali, incluso il relatore speciale delle Nazioni Unite Lee, di accedere nello stato Rakhine, dove la maggior parte dei Rohingya viveva prima dello spargimento di sangue del 2017.

      Proprio per queste ragioni, un ritorno in sicurezza in patria per la popolazione musulmana sembra, per ora, molto difficile. Lo stesso Lee, a settembre, ha dichiarato che il Paese della Suu Kyi «non ha fatto nulla per smantellare il sistema di violenza e persecuzione contro i Rohingya».

      https://www.osservatoriodiritti.it/2019/10/31/rohingya-myanmar-bangladesh-perseguitati

    • Rohingya relocation to #Bhashan_Char to begin next week

      The first batch of Rohingyas would be shifted to Bhashan Char next week from overcrowded camps in Cox’s Bazar as part of the Bangladesh government’s plan to relocate 100,000 Rohingyas temporarily to the island until permanent repatriation to their homeland in Myanmar.

      “The exact date for shifting the first batch of Rohingyas to Bhashan Char has not been fixed yet but preparations have been taken to send the first group next week. First, a small group of Rohingyas will be relocated to the island and the process will continue,” said #Commissioner_of_Rohingya_Refugee_Repatriation_Commission (#RRRC) and Additional Secretary Shah Rezwan Hayat.

      These displaced Rohingya people are believed to have become a security threat to regional peace and the host communities as many of them have got involved in criminal activities, and drug and arms trading, reports UNB.

      Seeking support from big countries to find a durable solution to the Rohingya crisis, Foreign Minister AK Abdul Momen on October 7 last said, “We’ve long been saying that uncertainty might be created in the region if the Rohingya crisis is not resolved."

      The government has information that trafficking of girls and children was taking place and traffickers share images of girls and children through smartphones using high-speed internet as part of trafficking, he said.

      Nur Mohammad Shikdar, general secretary of Ukhiya Rohingya Repatriation Movement Committee, said: “The relocation process could have been started long ago had a vested quarter of them not gone against the move at the provocation of some international organisations.”

      He stressed the need for implementation of the government plan to relocate 100,000 Rohingyas to Bhashan Char.

      Visiting the camps and talking to some Rohingyas, the UNB correspondent found a greater number of Rohingya people willing to be shifted to Bhashan Char due to uncertainty over their repatriation to their homeland.

      A resident and also leader of a shade in Kutupalong Rohingya Camp said, wishing anonymity, “They’re going through unimaginable suffering as some Rohingya criminals torture them. They want to return to their own country and are also ready to be shifted to Bhashan Char and stay there until the repatriation begins.”

      As part of the government move to relocate Rohingyas to Bhashan Char, a delegation of Rohingya leaders along with the representatives of 22 local and international NGOs have visited Bhashan Char recently.

      Saiful Islam Kalim, executive director of local a NGO, said, “The propaganda against Bhashan Char is totally false and fabricated. I myself visited Bhashan Char. Had I not visited the island I might have been confused with the propaganda. The government has created a wonderful environment there for Rohingyas where many NGOs have expressed their keenness to work with Rohingyas.”

      There is a lack of a conducive environment in Myanmar and two repatriation attempts have failed as Rohingyas are not feeling comfortable with the environment in Rakhine.

      Bangladesh urged the global community to convince Myanmar to bring changes in Rakhine and implement the repatriation arrangements.

      Bangladesh is now hosting over 1.1 million Rohingyas and most of them have entered the country since August 25, 2017.

      Bangladesh and Myanmar signed a repatriation deal on November 23, 2017.

      On January 16, 2018, Bangladesh and Myanmar inked a document on “Physical Arrangement”, which was supposed to facilitate the return of Rohingyas to their homeland. But no Rohingya has been repatriated so far.

      https://www.thefinancialexpress.com.bd/national/rohingya-relocation-to-bhashan-char-to-begin-next-week-16067

    • Rohingya relocation to #Bhashan_Char to begin next week

      The first batch of Rohingyas would be shifted to Bhashan Char next week from overcrowded camps in Cox’s Bazar as part of the Bangladesh government’s plan to relocate 100,000 Rohingyas temporarily to the island until permanent repatriation to their homeland in Myanmar.

      “The exact date for shifting the first batch of Rohingyas to Bhashan Char has not been fixed yet but preparations have been taken to send the first group next week. First, a small group of Rohingyas will be relocated to the island and the process will continue,” said #Commissioner_of_Rohingya_Refugee_Repatriation_Commission (#RRRC) and Additional Secretary Shah Rezwan Hayat.

      These displaced Rohingya people are believed to have become a security threat to regional peace and the host communities as many of them have got involved in criminal activities, and drug and arms trading, reports UNB.

      Seeking support from big countries to find a durable solution to the Rohingya crisis, Foreign Minister AK Abdul Momen on October 7 last said, “We’ve long been saying that uncertainty might be created in the region if the Rohingya crisis is not resolved."

      The government has information that trafficking of girls and children was taking place and traffickers share images of girls and children through smartphones using high-speed internet as part of trafficking, he said.

      Nur Mohammad Shikdar, general secretary of Ukhiya Rohingya Repatriation Movement Committee, said: “The relocation process could have been started long ago had a vested quarter of them not gone against the move at the provocation of some international organisations.”

      He stressed the need for implementation of the government plan to relocate 100,000 Rohingyas to Bhashan Char.

      Visiting the camps and talking to some Rohingyas, the UNB correspondent found a greater number of Rohingya people willing to be shifted to Bhashan Char due to uncertainty over their repatriation to their homeland.

      A resident and also leader of a shade in Kutupalong Rohingya Camp said, wishing anonymity, “They’re going through unimaginable suffering as some Rohingya criminals torture them. They want to return to their own country and are also ready to be shifted to Bhashan Char and stay there until the repatriation begins.”

      As part of the government move to relocate Rohingyas to Bhashan Char, a delegation of Rohingya leaders along with the representatives of 22 local and international NGOs have visited Bhashan Char recently.

      Saiful Islam Kalim, executive director of local a NGO, said, “The propaganda against Bhashan Char is totally false and fabricated. I myself visited Bhashan Char. Had I not visited the island I might have been confused with the propaganda. The government has created a wonderful environment there for Rohingyas where many NGOs have expressed their keenness to work with Rohingyas.”

      There is a lack of a conducive environment in Myanmar and two repatriation attempts have failed as Rohingyas are not feeling comfortable with the environment in Rakhine.

      Bangladesh urged the global community to convince Myanmar to bring changes in Rakhine and implement the repatriation arrangements.

      Bangladesh is now hosting over 1.1 million Rohingyas and most of them have entered the country since August 25, 2017.

      Bangladesh and Myanmar signed a repatriation deal on November 23, 2017.

      On January 16, 2018, Bangladesh and Myanmar inked a document on “Physical Arrangement”, which was supposed to facilitate the return of Rohingyas to their homeland. But no Rohingya has been repatriated so far.

      https://www.thefinancialexpress.com.bd/national/rohingya-relocation-to-bhashan-char-to-begin-next-week-16067

  • Dueling Neural Networks
    https://hackernoon.com/dueling-neural-networks-a063af14f62e?source=rss----3a8144eabfe3---4

    “What I cannot create, I do not understand.”— Richard FeynmanGANs generated by a computerThe above images look real, but more than that, they look familiar. They resemble a famous actress that you may have seen on television or in the movies. They are not real, however. A new type of neural network created them.Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), sometimes called generative networks, generated these fake images. The NVIDIA research team used this new technique by feeding thousands of photos of celebrities to a neural network. The neural network produced thousands of pictures, like the ones above, that resembled the famous faces. They look real, but machines created them. #gans allow researchers to build images that look like the real ones that share many of the features the neural (...)

    #birthday-paradox #deep-learning #generative-adversarial #machine-learning

  • En Bosnie, l’#OIM se félicite d’avoir suffisamment de places d’hébergement pour tous les migrants

    L’organisation internationale des migrations (OIM) a déclaré fournir suffisamment de places d’accueil pour les migrants présents en Bosnie. La Croix-Rouge, pourtant, affirme qu’elle a besoin de davantage de moyens pour faire face aux besoins des migrants restés dans les camps de fortune, et exposés au froid glacial de l’hiver.

    Selon l’Organisation internationale des migrations (OIM), les milliers de migrants actuellement présents en Bosnie peuvent avoir accès à une place d’hébergement, et ainsi passer l’hiver au chaud. « Nous avons mis en place suffisamment de structures pour accueillir les personnes à la rue », a déclaré à InfoMigrants Peter Van der Auweraert, le responsable de l’OIM, en Bosnie, avec exemple à l’appui. « Les migrants de Velika Kledusha ont tous été relogés, ils ont été placés dans un centre humanitaire de 600 places », précise-t-il. Pendant des mois, la ville de #Velika_Kledusha, à quelques kilomètres seulement de la frontière croate, a abrité un campement sauvage de centaines de migrants. Les conditions de vie y étaient très précaires, exposant les migrants aux intempéries, à la boue, et au froid.

    À #Bihac, non loin de Velika Kledusha, le centre de #Borici, qui a abrité des centaines de migrants durant plusieurs mois, fait peau neuve et devrait être en capacité d’accueillir très prochainement des centaines de migrants. L’immeuble jusque là abandonné était particulièrement insalubre. « Le nouveau Borici devrait accueillir 500 personnes, principalement des familles de migrants. Et il devrait ouvrir d’ici les fêtes de fin d’année », précise Peter Van Auweraert.

    À #Sarajevo, aussi, près de 800 places supplémentaires ont été créées, précise l’OIM.

    « Nous avons en tout 5 000 places d’hébergement disponibles en Bosnie », affirme Peter Van der Auweraert. Le nombre de migrants présents en Bosnie oscille autour de 3 500 personnes. « Normalement, cet hiver, personne ne devrait mourir de froid », continue le responsable de l’OIM. "Il faut continuer à communiquer pour expliquer aux migrants que des structures existent".

    « La nuit, les températures descendent jusqu’à -15 degrés »

    En dépit du constat positif de l’OIM, la Croix-Rouge est inquiète. « La récente réinstallation des migrants dans des structures plus sûres et loin des camps sauvages est une évolution positive, mais nous pensons que la situation reste imprévisible », explique à InfoMigrants Elkhan Rahimov, un responsable de la Fédération internationale de Croix-Rouge (FICR). « La dynamique des arrivées peut varier. Nous restons vigilants quant au fait que des migrants peuvent quitter les centres d’hébergement et choisir de retourner à la rue. »

    Certaines personnes préfèrent en effet rester non loin de la frontière croate pour tenter de passer la nuit. « Mais le soir et la nuit, les températures descendent jusqu’à -15 degrés Celsius », rappelle Elkhan Rahimov. "Ces personnes ont besoin de couvertures, de vêtements chauds. Face à ce constat, la FICR de Bosnie a lancé lundi un appel de 3,3 millions de francs suisses (2,9 millions d’euros).

    « Par le biais de l’appel d’urgence, nous souhaitons attirer l’attention sur un problème humanitaire crucial qui ne disparaîtra pas dans les mois à venir », conclut-il.

    Auparavant évitée par les migrants, la Bosnie est confrontée depuis cette année à un afflux qu’elle peine à gérer. Depuis janvier, plus de 23 000 sont entrés dans ce pays.

    http://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/13870/en-bosnie-l-oim-se-felicite-d-avoir-suffisamment-de-places-d-hebergeme

    #Bosnie #Bosnie-Herzégovine #IOM #Croix-Rouge #hébergement #logement #asile #migrations #réfugiés #externalisation

    • En février 2019...
      Violence et désespoir s’emparent des migrants oubliés en Bosnie-Herzégovine

      Vendredi soir, de très violents affrontements ont éclaté dans le camp de réfugiés de #Bira, à #Bihać, au nord-ouest de la Bosnie-Herzégovine. Entre les squats de Sarajevo et les camps surpeuplés, des milliers de réfugiés sont toujours bloqués dans ce pays. Sans grand espoir de pouvoir passer dans l’Union européenne.

      https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/international/040219/violence-et-desespoir-s-emparent-des-migrants-oublies-en-bosnie-herzegovin

    • #Bihać : Dove i corpi non si sfiorano

      Pubblichiamo il primo di due articoli dal confine tra Bosnia e Croazia, dove memorie di guerre e migrazioni del passato e del presente si incrociano. Il secondo articolo sarà di Gabriele Proglio, compagno di viaggio di Benedetta.

      Sono le 8 di mattina, e dopo una lunga giornata di viaggio e poche ore di sonno, Bihać ci sorprende nel tepore di una giornata inaspettatamente calda e soleggiata. La città bosniaca si circonda di montagne e colline, che ne tracciano fiere ed imponenti il confine che la separa dalla Croazia. Negli anni 90, queste cime sono state luogo di un assedio da parte dell’esercito serbo, fungendo da vera e propria prigione naturale. Oggi, invece, rappresentano, per migliaia di migranti in fuga da guerre, persecuzioni e povertà, l’unica speranza di giungere in Unione Europea.

      Il fascino delle terre di confine sta proprio nel loro essere allo stesso tempo luoghi di limite e superamento, di prigionia e di libertà, di antagonismo e di incontro. Inevitabilmente, questa eterna contraddizione li rende condanna e benedizione per i popoli che li abitano, e per quelli che vi passano.

      Io e Gabriele siamo arrivati fin qui con lo scopo di esplorare la sovrapposizione storica delle memorie di un popolo che ha visto la guerra, e che ora si ritrova ad essere luogo di passaggio di persone che dalla guerra stanno ancora scappando. Lo stimolo intellettuale di smascherare il confine, una conoscenza superficiale della storia del paese, ed un interesse accademico per la questione della crisi migratoria, sono i bagagli che ho con me. Sono ancora ignara dei fantasmi di questo posto, e degli scheletri che si porta dentro. In poco tempo il confine mi entrerà nella pelle, lo sentirò scorrere e spostarsi alterando le sicurezze che mi ero costruita attraverso lo studio minuzioso ma distaccato di questa realtà. Ma per ora, Bihać deve ancora svegliarsi e con lei, mi sveglierò anche io.

      Ad un primo sguardo, la città mi appare come un non luogo, dove l’apatia generale ha lentamente rimosso le ferite di una guerra fin troppo recente. Ma i resti sono evidenti. Monumenti ai caduti, cimiteri e colpi di mortaio che appaiono come cicatrici sui palazzi della città. Nella sua calma opprimente, Bihać ricorda molto la Seahaven di Truman Show. Una cittadina tranquilla dove non succede niente. Un posto come un altro dove mettere su famiglia e vivere una vita semplice. Come Seahaven, questa mattina Bihać si apre ai miei occhi come un palcoscenico pronto a mettere in scena uno spettacolo dell’inganno, che va avanti giorno dopo giorno da decenni, nel tentativo di legittimare la finzione di una serenità tanto desiderata quanto superficiale.

      Le strade sono pulite e silenziose e le comparse del grande spettacolo dell’inganno devono ancora apparire. Tutto è fermo. Tra poco si sparpaglieranno nei caffè del centro impersonando perfettamente il loro ruolo di cittadini annoiati e disillusi. Lo sguardo stanco dei cani randagi che si assopiscono all’ombra di alberi spogli, l’immagine stereotipata di ragazzi e anziani seduti ad un bar per riempire la giornata. Eccola Bihać nella sua stasi permanente e volontaria, nella sua apparente tranquillità che da due decenni tenta invano di smacchiarle l’anima dalle cicatrici di una guerra di cui non si parla e non si vuole parlare.

      È mezzogiorno. Improvvisamente noto che l’equilibrio che si è tanto faticato a costruire durante la mattinata si rompe. Appaiono degli estranei che spezzano l’atmosfera. Sono nuove comparse, che stonano con la scenografia e non conoscono il copione. La maggior parte sono uomini sui trenta, alcuni portano con loro zaini e sacchi a pelo. Sono le persone migranti giunte dopo mesi di viaggio per la rotta balcanica, arrivate fin qui per oltrepassare il confine e raggiungere la Croazia, l’Unione Europea. Alcuni vivono nei campi di Borici, Bira e Cedra. Ma da qualche settimana i campi sono pieni, e chi non può permettersi di pagare altissime somme di denaro per un affitto in città in nero, dorme per strada.

      Da circa un anno, a Bihać non si parla d’altro. Dall’estate scorsa, quando i flussi migratori si sono intensificati, i cittadini si sono trovati a dover gestire una situazione d’emergenza umanitaria, dove le uniche presenze di supporto sono la Croce Rossa, lo #IOM e poche ONG internazionali, come #IPSIA. Intanto gli abitanti della città cominciano ad innervosirsi.

      Ci hanno abbandonato’ mi dice Amir, riferendosi al governo centrale di Sarajevo, ‘non gli è mai importato di noi, nemmeno durante la guerra’. Amir vive a Bihać da tutta la vita, e come ogni bosniaco della sua generazione, ha visto la guerra e se la porta dentro e addosso, nella sua gestualità al limite del compulsivo e nell’azzurro glaciale del suo sguardo, che non si azzarda mai ad incrociare il mio, ma si focalizza sempre su zone limitrofe. ‘Non odio, ma sono arrabbiato’ mi confessa Amir mentre avvicina ripetutamente alle labbra la tazzina ormai vuota di caffè, come per rimarcare con quella pausa la scelta coraggiosa ed insolita di abbandonarsi al ricordo della guerra. Amir non se lo permette mai. ‘Non parliamo della guerra, non sono bei ricordi. Cerco di non stare solo. Quando sono solo, suono il piano. Questo è un altro modo per scappare. Lo faccio solo per me’. Amir ha combattuto sul fronte a Bihac e ‘probabilmente’, come tiene a sottolineare, ha ucciso qualcuno.

      Ma non lo vuole sapere, non ci vuole pensare. Un’altra pausa, un sospiro e di nuovo un finto sorso ad una tazzina ormai vuota da venti minuti. Mi trovo di fronte a questo signore di cinquant’anni a cui la guerra ne ha aggiunti almeno quindici in volto. Lo ascolto ed improvvisamente mi ritrovo a comprenderne la violenza, subita ed esercitata. D’un tratto, il confine tra bene e male che ho tracciato nella mia coscienza va a sgretolarsi nel dramma di un popolo che non comprende la ragione del proprio trauma, ma ne subisce ogni conseguenza.

      Nella costante rimozione di un passato scomodo e violento, la materializzazione della crisi migratoria risveglia la rabbia ed il senso di abbandono dei cittadini di Bihać. ‘Noi siamo un popolo aperto e tollerante, sappiamo cosa vuol dire dover scappare dalle proprie case. Ma io non so chi sono queste persone, e non mi sento al sicuro. Ho paura per mia figlia’ mi confessa Harun. ‘Queste persone non vogliono rimanere qui. Fosse per me, le condurrei io al confine. Questa situazione non va bene nemmeno per loro e sono le istituzioni che dovrebbero darci supporto.’

      ‘Il pisciatoio d’Europa’, cosi lo definisce Alessandra, italiana migrata a Bihać negli anni 90. Anche lei arrivata al limite della sopportazione nei confronti del fenomeno che ha sconvolto la realtà quotidiana di questa città. Dalle prime interviste agli abitanti di Bihać, mi appare chiara una cosa. Nessuno si azzarda a dire che il migrante è un problema in quanto tale. Tutti parlano di sicurezza, di identità. Il problema non è che so chi sei e per questo ti odio, il problema è che non so chi sei, e per questo ho paura. Ancora una volta, ‘non odio, ma sono arrabbiato’.

      Incontro gli abitanti di Bihać nei patii dell’Hotel Opal e Paviljon che si affacciano sulle due rive opposte del fiume Una. In mezzo, l’isolotto di verde che spezza il ceruleo del corso d’acqua si copre di ragazzi con zaini e sacchi a peli. Alcuni sono soli, altri in gruppo. Tutti hanno solo un obiettivo al momento: arrivare al confine. Invadono il paesaggio ma non le coscienze. Sono osservati costantemente, ma non vengono mai guardati. Tra di loro c’è Abdul, arrivato dall’Iraq dopo 9 mesi di viaggio attraverso la Turchia, la Grecia l’Albania e la Serbia. Domani tenterà di nuovo il game, nonostante non cammini ancora bene, dopo gli ultimi pestaggi della polizia croata. Il game, così lo chiamano, è il tentativo di valicare il confine, cercando di sfuggire alle violente deportazioni della polizia croata. Cosi nel grande spettacolo dell’inganno, la trama si infittisce di adrenalina e suspense. Migranti e forze dell’ordine croate si rincorrono e si combattono in un moderno guardia e ladri che avviene lassù, sulle montagne che separano il confine bosniaco da quello croato, lontano dagli occhi del mondo. Abdul mi dice che questo è il suo ottavo tentativo, ma che ha deciso che in caso venga respinto ancora, si sposterà a Velika Kladuša, altra città di confine, a pochi chilometri da Bihać. Abdul non mi parla di casa, non mi parla del futuro. Nei suoi occhi vedo solo il game. Eppure Abdul ha visto morire suo padre, ed è scappato lasciando una madre ed una sorella. Come Amir, ha la guerra negli occhi. Come Amir, non odia ma è arrabbiato. È arrabbiato con lo IOM che non lo ha fatto entrare nel campo di Bira. E’ arrabbiato con l’uomo della polizia croata che lo ha picchiato e gli ha rubato il cellulare. Ma Amir non odia, non ne vede il motivo. Vuole solo oltrepassare il confine, vuole solo una possibilità.

      In questa danza imbarazzata e goffa tra due storie di vite spezzate, presenti e passati di guerre e miseria, i corpi non si sfiorano. Accarezzano il lento scorrere del tempo tra la pesante presenza dei monumenti di guerra e lo sforzo collettivo di ignorali. Proprio come quei monumenti, i migranti sono altamente visibili, e sistematicamente ignorati. Proprio come quei monumenti, i cittadini portano addosso i marchi indelebili di una memoria sanguinolenta, che scorre attraverso le loro menti e le loro fisicità, ma viene anch’essa rimossa dalla coscienza.A Bihac oggi, coesistono due tragedie: quella di un passato macchiato di sangue e quella di un futuro incerto ed opprimente. Due linee parallele che non si toccano mai nella temporalità e nella geografia complesse di questo eterno enigma che è la Bosnia. Eppure, in qualche modo, queste due linee hanno entrambe attraversato i confini della mia soggettività, prima scontrandosi violentemente in uno scarabocchio emotivo che non riesce a dare senso a quello che prova e poi ridefinendo il perimetro curvo e fluido della mia certezza. Il confine si è spostato. Non ci sono più buoni o cattivi.

      A Bihać, per quanto lo si tenti di negare, si è tutti parte della stessa rabbia. E come in una tragedia greca, io, da spettatrice di questo spettacolo dell’inganno, ho vissuto la catarsi nel riscoprire che queste comparse stonate, nel loro essere fuori luogo, ignorate e non volute, sono in realtà parte integrante della trama. Lo sbaglio sta nel cercare il torto dove non c’è ragione, e nel cercare la ragione dove non c’è il torto. Quando si smette di farlo, Bihać non fa altro che rivelare le pieghe drammatiche della tragedia dell’essere umano nella sua costante ed insensata ricerca di un nemico a cui dare la colpa della propria sofferenza.

      http://www.lavoroculturale.org/bihac-dove-i-corpi-non-si-sfiorano
      #Croix-Rouge #OIM #frontières #Bosnie #Croatie #Balkans #route_des_Balkans

    • The City Council of Bihać unanimously made a decision (https://www.nezavisne.com/novosti/gradovi/Vucijak-nova-lokacija-za-izmjestanje-migranata/537203) to open a new accommodation facility for refugees - in #Vučijak, a suburb near #Plješevica, near the border with Croatia. There they found an object that meets the necessary conditions for refugee accommodation, and authorities have announced that this move will move refugees from the temporary center of Bira or the center of Bihać to the EU border. Although the new facility could provide better reception conditions for refugees in Bosnia, this move is an indication of how countries in the region share an ignorant integration policy.

      Reçu via la mailing-list Inicijativa dobrodosli, le 15.05.2019

    • New migrant reception center to be built in Bosnia

      Bosnian authorities have announced that a new migrant reception center will be built near Bihac. This center will replace two temporary reception centers.

      In Bosnia-Herzegovina, the Operating Unit for Migrants has decided to build a migrant and refugee center near Bihac, in the country’s northwest. The center will be built in Vucjak, eight kilometers from the Bihac city center, according to media sources.

      The new structure will take the place of two temporary reception centers: #Bira in Bihac and #Miral in #Velika_Kladusa, both near the Croatia border. In 2018, 25,000 migrants entered Bosnia illegally from Serbia and Montenegro. Since the start of this year, police have registered 8,930 arrivals.

      Bosnia is a transit country for many migrants who are trying to make it to Western Europe from Turkey or Greece. Bosnia is not a member of the European Union. But its neighbor Croatia is.


      Volunteers banned from providing aid

      Meanwhile, Bosnian authorities have banned the international aid group “#Aid_Brigade” from providing food to migrants and refugees at the main train station in Bosnia’s capital Sarajevo, according to the website Klix.ba.

      The volunteers reportedly also had to close the place where they were providing medical assistance to migrants. Since March 2018, Aid Brigade volunteers have prepared and distributed 120,000 meals to migrants and 600 jackets and sleeping bags.

      The volunteers are accused of violating public order and aiding migrants and refugees in violation of the law, as well as volunteering with a tourist visa.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/17270/new-migrant-reception-center-to-be-built-in-bosnia
      #accueil

    • Bosnie-Herzégovine : à Bihać, on transfère les réfugiés sur une ancienne #décharge

      16 juin -14h30 : Depuis samedi matin, quelque 500 migrants ont été déplacés de Bihać vers une ancienne décharge située sur localité de #Vučjak, tout près de la frontière croate. Les migrants s’opposent à ce transfert et en appellent à la communauté internationale. Des heurts ont éclaté lors des premières opérations de transfert, et quatre policiers ont été blessés selon les sources officielles.

      Des habitants de Bihać annoncent une grande manifestation ce dimanche pour dénoncer la dégradation de la situation en ville, due, selon eux, à la présence des migrants. Ils accusent les autorités locales, cantonales, fédérales et centrales de ne prendre aucune mesure.

      https://www.courrierdesbalkans.fr/fil-info-refugies

      #Vucjak

    • A particularly worrying situation in the northwest of Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the Una-Sana Canton, is escalating. After the fire in the Miral camp and numerous conflicts between the refugees and the police, the situation seems to be unsustainable. Poor hygienic and living conditions led the refugees to despair. After the escalation of various forms of violence, local authorities decided to move all refugees outside the camps to an isolated area in Vučjak, at the same place where a waste landfill was once housed. The authorities de facto closed the camps, refusing refugees to enter or leave the building. Ironically, the UN and IOM, who have run camps in BiH, oppose this solution (http://ba.one.un.org/content/unct/bosnia_and_herzegovina/en/home/presscenter/un-country-team-in-bih--joint-statement-on-relocation-of-migrant.html. By using force, more than 600 people were transferred to that area, including searches and incursions into several private homes where nearly 300 people were accommodated. "Local police and local Red Cross teams are only present because international organizations do not support the idea and accommodation in Vučjak in the current circumstances. The Red Cross is allegedly only allowed to provide first aid, so there is no medical care for the people who are staying there. Also, food that is distributed is very basic and is not enough to feed people, "AYS reported.

      Reçu via la mailing-list Inicijativa dobrodosli, le 24.06.2019

    • The jungle camp #Vučjak in BIH exists in the last two weeks. There is no presence of medical staff in the camp which makes unacceptable hygienic and sanitary conditions even worse - especially due to reported skin infections among the people who are there. The only organization currently active in the camp is the Red Cross that provides food. The EU responded with additional approval of 14.8 million Euros (http://europa.ba/?p=64423 - of which 13 million are intended to support border management (June 21, signed by IOM), and 1.8 million for humanitarian aid. Thus, the EU has so far financially supported BiH with 24 million euros around the refugee situation. It is extremely worrying that the EU allocates 90% of its intended funds to migration management and a very small part to humanitarian support for people living in very poor conditions. This is a direct indication that the Commission is more concerned with border conservation than human life.

      Reçu via la mailing-list Inicijativa dobrodosli, le 03.07.2019

    • EU provides €14.8 million to assist refugees and migrants in BiH

      The European Union announced today €14.8 million to address the needs of migrants and refugees who remain present in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This includes €13 million of support to migration management – for which an implementation agreement was signed on 21 June with the International Organisation for Migration – and €1.8 million for humanitarian aid.

      This brings EU overall assistance to Bosnia and Herzegovina to cope with the increased migratory flow since 2018 to €24 million (€20.2 million from the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance and €3.8 million of humanitarian aid). This is in addition to €24.6 million assistance the European Union has provided to Bosnia and Herzegovina in the area of asylum, migration and border management since 2007.

      Johannes Hahn, EU Commissioner for Neighbourhood Policy and Enlargement Negotiations, said: ‘As stated in the recent Commission Opinion, Bosnia and Herzegovina authorities need to ensure effective coordination, at all levels, of border management and migration management capacity, as well as the functioning of the asylum system. This is necessary for the country to take full advantage of the EU substantial assistance – in the interest of refugees and migrants and of the local communities.’

      Christos Stylianides, EU Commissioner for Humanitarian Aid and Crisis Management, said: ‘The EU is committed to help those most in need and cover the basic needs of refugees and migrants in Bosnia and Herzegovina, complementing national efforts. It is important that the well-being of the refugees and migrants is at the heart of decisions for the location and quality of accommodation centres.’

      Building on the results of the previous assistance, this funding will ensure accommodation for around 5,000 refugees, asylum seekers and migrants. It will provide access to health and protection assistance and outreach to people living outside of the reception facilities. Also, some items such as jackets, shoes and sleeping bags will be made available for people in need. The unhindered access of humanitarian partners to those in need is crucial in addressing these humanitarian needs.

      The EU funding will also strengthen the capacity of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s authorities in border management, as well as for identification, registration and referral to services for refugees, asylum-seekers and migrants. It will also support assisted voluntary returns.

      Background

      Since the beginning of the refugee crisis in Western Balkans the European Union has allocated more than €25 million in humanitarian aid to assist refugees and migrants in Serbia, and over €4 million to North Macedonia. EU humanitarian aid helps the most vulnerable refugees and migrants to meet basic needs and preserve their dignity. In addition to humanitarian assistance, the European Union has provided Western Balkans partners with significant financial support amounting to €98.2 million for activities related to migration and refugee crisis. This is done primarily through the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance.

      Since 2007, the European Union has been providing assistance to Bosnia and Herzegovina worth amounting to € 44.8 million in the area of migration and border management through the Instrument for pre-accession assistance. The country has also benefited from the IPA regional programme ‘Support to Protection-Sensitive Migration Management’ worth up to €14.5 million. The emergency humanitarian assistance provided so far amounts to € 3.8 million.

      Over 33,300 refugees and migrants entered Bosnia and Herzegovina since January 2018, according to government estimates. Approximately 8,000 refugees and migrants in need of assistance are currently present in the country, mostly in the Una-Sana Canton. Approximately, 4,500 are accommodated in EU-funded temporary reception centres.

      As of Friday 14 June, local authorities proceeded with a forced relocation of 900-1000 refugees and migrants to a new location called Vučijak that has been deemed unsuitable by the European Union and UN. The above-mentioned venue, without the necessary infrastructure in terms of water, sanitation or electricity, surrounded by minefields, creates a clear danger for the life and health of migrants. Furthermore, the land is a former landfill and may still be toxic. The European Union is concerned about the well-being of the people moved there and has, together with its humanitarian partners, requested the authorities to stop forced relocations and provide dignified and secure shelter solutions. The European Union is also concerned about the authorities’ intention to take measures against humanitarian partners.

      The € 13 million is based on the Commission Decision C (2019) 3189 on supporting Bosnia and Herzegovina in managing the migration flows for 2019

      The €1.8 million announced today is based on the Commission Implementing Decision C(2019) 17 on the financing of humanitarian aid operational priorities from the 2019 general budget of the European Union ECHO/WWD/BUD/2019/01000.


      http://europa.ba/?p=64423

    • Rotta balcanica. Caritas: “Situazione a Bihac inaccettabile, Europa intervenga”

      “Mentre in Serbia la situazione è abbastanza buona, in Bosnia le condizioni dei migranti sono del tutto inaccettabili: hanno bisogno di tutto, alcuni si trovano in un centro informale, dove prima c’era una discarica. E’ inaccettabile che, a 4 ore di macchina dall’Italia, ci siano persone costrette a vivere così. Le istituzioni italiane ed europee devono iniziare a seguire in maniera seria la situazione”. A sottolinearlo è Oliviero Forti di Caritas italiana e Caritas Europa, di ritorno da una missione nei Balcani, nelle zone di confine con la Croazia. “Siamo stati prima in alcuni centri in Serbia: uno di questi era un ex ospedale psichiatrico e affaccia in territorio croato - . aggiunge Forti -. Ma devo dire che qui ci sono standard buoni, di qualità e non ci sono tantissime persone. Diversa è la situazione in Bosnia, lo stress psicologico delle persone è altissimo, i migranti provano costantemente a passare la frontiera ma vengono rimandati indietro. La violenza della polizia croata nei loro confronti sta diventando una vera emergenza”. Al confine, infatti, per i migranti (per lo più afgani, pakistani, iracheni e siriani) che provano il “game” (passaggio delle frontiere) a Bihac il trattamento è durissimo: secondo quanto testimoniato dagli stessi migranti gli abusi sono sistematici: vengono picchiati, i vestiti gli vengono tolti, così come i telefonini spesso distrutti. “A questa situazione va data una risposta diversa - aggiunge -. tra due mesi qui ci saranno due metri di neve, il gioco diventa molto rischioso. Inoltre c’è una difficoltà di integrazione evidente, le persone del luogo sono sempre più intolleranti e razziste nei loro confronti”. La Bosnia sta diventando così un buco nero, dove i migranti restano bloccati senza poter andare avanti né tornare indietro. “A breve la Serbia chiuderà l’accordo con Frontex per monitorare i confini - conclude Forti - anche questo rientra nella strategia di esternalizzazione delle frontiere, che ormai non vediamo più solo in mare ma anche via terra”.

      https://www.redattoresociale.it/article/notiziario/rotta_balcanica_caritas_situazione_a_bihac_inaccettabile_europa_int

    • Il campo tossico dove l’Europa scorda i migranti

      Muri e migrazioni. A #Vucjak, in Bosnia, si sopravvive senza assistenza, tra rifiuti e mine anti-uomo: il campo si trova sopra una vecchia discarica, l’acqua non è potabile e la terra, mai bonificata, è intrisa di veleni. E chi tenta la fuga in Croazia trova la polizia e il suo «gioco»: cibo confiscato e zaini dati alle fiamme

      Nascosto tra le cime boscose del monte Plješevica e circondato da zone ancora minate delle guerre jugoslave, il campo rifugiati di Vucjak, nella Bosnia nord-occidentale, è una prova scioccante della crisi che si è abbattuta contro la porta di servizio dell’Unione europea. Le Nazioni unite hanno recentemente descritto questo campo, a pochi chilometri dal confine spinato croato, come del tutto inadeguato ad accogliere civili.

      UNICO CAMPO in cui non sono presenti le grandi organizzazioni non-governative internazionali, è ufficialmente gestito dalla municipalità della cittadina di Bihac. E sotto-affidata, non ufficialmente, ai volontari della Croce Rossa locale di Bihac.

      È sorto dopo che le autorità della Bosnia e i governi municipali del Cantone di Una-Sana, hanno deciso che i migranti non potevano più rimanere negli spazi pubblici o negli edifici abbandonati, entro i limiti della città.
      Plastica, vetro, vecchi vestiti ormai diventati stracci, copertoni di gomme usate giacciono sul terreno contaminato.

      Si tratta di resti tossici del passato. Il campo si trova sul sito di una vecchia discarica, in attività solo fino a qualche anno fa. Le condizioni sono terribilmente preoccupanti. La sopravvivenza è legata all’acqua non potabile, alla terra intrisa di anni di veleni, al solo lavoro dei volontari.

      ALMENO UN MIGLIAIO di migranti sono ammassati in questo inferno. Provengono da Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran, Siria, Pakistan. L’accesso all’acqua è ridotto a dieci ore al giorno, non esiste un approvvigionamento idrico permanente.

      Vucjak fa eco all’inumanità del campo profughi di Calais in Francia del nord e all’abietta inazione dei governi europei. La mancanza di infrastrutture di base e servizi igienico-sanitari a Vucjak viola profondamente le norme minime stabilite dai canoni delle Nazioni unite.

      Nel bel mezzo del campo, un’enorme mappa mostra la posizione dei campi minati locali. Ogni giorno, più volte al giorno, camionette della polizia bosniaca riversano su Vucjak migranti che sono fuori dai circuiti dei centri di accoglienza temporanei, quelli dell’Organizzazione internazionale per le Migrazioni.

      Come cani randagi, vengono scaricati in mezzo al campo, dopo aver aperto il portellone posteriore del furgone, sigillato da uno sfolgorante lucchetto. È strettamente proibito riprendere queste scene, non ci sono fotografie, video o materiali propagandistici, ma è una pratica che va avanti indisturbatamente.

      Nonostante l’ingiustizia umanitaria, non sono le mine antiuomo, le condizioni precarie di salute o la mancanza di servizi igienico-sanitari che i migranti raccontano. Raccontano le violenze «passive» della polizia di confine. Nelle ultime settimane c’è un nuovo gioco che usa la polizia croata: rastrellare e bruciare cibo, vestiti, scarpe, zaini, telefoni dei ragazzi che tentano il game.

      Nella programmazione dell’attraversamento del confine croato-bosniaco, si spendono circa 100 marchi (poco più di 50 euro) in generi alimentari, per lo più pane e derivati. Spesso quei 100 marchi rappresentano i risparmi di mesi, così bruciare il cibo diventa un segnale di terribile spietatezza.

      Emad è fuggito dalla Siria, con la moglie e il figlioletto di appena due anni. Ha tentato il game ma l’hanno rispedito nel Borici temporary reception center della città di Bihac, derubandolo di tutto. Mentre lo staff medico dell’associazione italiana One Life Onlus visita il figlio, Emad ci porge una busta di plastica con un telefono all’interno. Ci chiede se lo vogliamo comprare, così con quei soldi può provare di nuovo ad attraversare il confine con la Croazia. È straziante. Non ci sono parole.

      DAL GENNAIO 2018, quasi 36mila migranti sono entrati in Bosnia, rimanendo intrappolati tra le politiche europee, progettate per ridurre gli attraversamenti irregolari, e la situazione di stallo politico in Bosnia, che di fatto impedisce alle autorità locali di fornire protezione.

      Dalla Turchia e dalla Grecia, sono due le principali vie di passaggio per la Bosnia: una attraversa la Macedonia del nord e la Serbia, l’altra attraversa l’Albania e il Montenegro.

      In piedi nel campo di Vucjak, tra una folla di corpi maltrattati e ossa rotte, ci si trova di fronte alle feroci conseguenze della geopolitica europea. Nel cinico sforzo del governo croato di dimostrare di avere le carte in regola per aderire all’area Schengen di libera circolazione, il Paese respinge i migranti senza seguire le adeguate procedure di asilo.

      IL VIAGGIO DI GULRAIZ inizia a Kunduz, in Afghanistan. Facciamo fatica a guadagnare la sua fiducia. La solitudine che accompagna i migranti è invalicabile. Sorridono, ma gli occhi sono vuoti. Mese dopo mese camminano senza alcun riposo e senza alcun appoggio. Si viaggia insieme ad amici di circostanza, a meri compagni di percorso.

      Per un marco ha ricaricato il suo prezioso e vecchio telefono a Vucjak. Dopo qualche racconto, ci mostra sul telefono la mappa che userà per tentare il game partendo dal monte Plješevica, addentrandosi nel fitto bosco bosniaco, passando per la cittadina bosniaca di Šturlic, fino ad arrivare agli anelati cartelli del granicni prelaz, il valico di frontiera. Un firmamento di punti rossi, di luoghi, di coordinate, di passi compaiono sulla funzione ‘satellite’ di Google Maps.

      Ci ferma un biondo poliziotto bosniaco. Camicia chiusa fino all’ultimo bottone, aria spavalda e bieche gambe di piombo. Ci prende i documenti. Cerca di intimorirci segnando i nostri nomi su un taccuino spiegazzato, senza darci alcuna spiegazione.

      Il favoreggiamento all’immigrazione clandestina ha un confine sottile. Siamo costretti ad allontanarci. Lo facciamo con l’immagine negli occhi della mappa satellitare di Gulraiz, con le mani segnate da un viaggio inumano di Abdurahman che con ago e filo riparava il suo zaino, con gli occhi sgranati dall’incertezza dei ragazzi che non hanno un badge per il ’5 stelle’ dei centri di accoglienza temporanei.

      Lasciamo la Bosnia con l’immagine di Ibrahim, poco più di tre anni, che segue camminando il suo papà, imitandolo con le braccia piegate all’indietro.

      https://ilmanifesto.it/il-campo-tossico-dove-leuropa-scorda-i-migranti

    • ‘Absurdistan’ : Migrants face dangerous winter in Bosnia

      Political inaction leaves hundreds living on former dump amid snake-infested minefields

      “This is jungle life,” says Wasim, a Pakistani who is among hundreds of migrants staying in a makeshift camp in northwestern Bosnia, from where they strike out at night in small groups for nearby Croatia and the European Union.

      “We are all like animals here just trying to survive. It’s the worst sentence I could say, but unfortunately it’s true.”

      The political science graduate from near Lahore speaks eloquently about how a famous son of the city, Pakistani prime minister Imran Khan, could transform life for his nation of 208 million and the quarter of its people who live in poverty.

      Wasim (34) plans to return when times are better, but now he must hike again through the thickly wooded hills above the camp, try to slip past Croatian border guards who are accused of beating and robbing migrants, and find the hoped-for job somewhere in the EU that was his reason for leaving home last year.

      Danger is all around: the squalid Vucjak camp is built on a former rubbish dump that may hold high levels of methane gas – prompting the UN’s International Organisation for Migration (IOM) to declare it unfit for human habitation – while the hills are infested with snakes and dotted with landmines from Bosnia’s 1992-1995 war.

      There are no toilets for the more than 500 men who live here and washing facilities are rudimentary, increasing the risk of disease; fights are common, particularly after dark when police and local aid workers go home. A man was stabbed to death here last week during a fight between Pakistanis and Syrians.

      “No one feels safe,” Wasim explains, as men who have fled conflict and poverty from North Africa to Afghanistan line up in the dust to receive food from the Bosnian Red Cross.

      “Might is right here. Everyone pushes each other, everyone is desperate and wants to move on,” he says of this remote corner of Europe where he has been stuck for three months, having failed “four or five times” to enter the EU undetected.

      “Everyone knows where to go. Even if they are illiterate, even if they didn’t go to school at all, they know Croatian and Slovenian and Italian cities by name. Everyone talks about this. Maybe they can’t even tell the time, but they know how to find locations with a mobile phone.”

      The so-called Balkan route did not cross Bosnia in 2015, when more than one million refugees and migrants followed it from Turkey towards Germany and other EU states, where their arrival sent immigration to the top of the political agenda.
      Derelict buildings

      Even in 2017, Bosnia registered only 755 migrants but, as the route shifted to bypass tighter border controls elsewhere in the Balkans, that number soared to 25,000 in 2018 – and 20,000 migrants have entered the country so far this year.

      They keep coming this way because it works – only about 6,500 of those people are still in Bosnia – but as months of cold, wet and snowy weather approach, up to 2,000 people are living rough at Vucjak and in parks, woods and derelict buildings in the border towns of Bihac and Velika Kladusa.

      “We’ve been warning since January of the need to increase the number of official migrant centres or their capacity . . . but there was no political decision to expand accommodation, even though international funding is available,” says Peter Van der Auweraert, the IOM representative in Bosnia.

      “Winter is just around the corner and any new location takes time to establish. We now have about 4,200 beds for migrants around the country, but we need about 2,000 more,” he told The Irish Times.


      “Vucjak is a disaster and it would be a bigger disaster if it’s still open in winter . . . If we don’t act now we will have people sleeping outside in Vucjak and other totally unacceptable places and we will be facing a threat to human life.”

      Yet Bosnian political leaders at all levels are unwilling to take any steps that rivals could portray as an “invitation” to migrants, or which would acknowledge the fact that they are likely to keep coming to the country for the foreseeable future.

      The local authorities in Bihac transported people to Vucjak despite objections from international aid groups, moving them from the city’s streets and parks to the edge of the forest – “the jungle” to migrants – which leads to Croatia.

      National politics is meanwhile paralysed, not for the first time under Bosnia’s fiendishly complex post-war system, as parties representing its Bosniak Muslim, Serb and Croat communities have yet to form a government nearly a year after elections.

      “This is ‘Absurdistan’,” declares Ale Siljdedic, police spokesman for Una-Sana canton, in his office in Bihac.

      “The problem is that no one cares in this country. They don’t care for local people, never mind the migrants. What is 5,000 migrants for a whole country if everyone shares them around? It’s nothing. But for a city of 50,000 like Bihac it’s too much.”
      Mass brawls

      The Pakistani stabbed at Vucjak last week was the second man to die in fights between migrants in Bihac. There have been a couple of mass brawls, but most of the cases he sees relate to minor thefts, particularly of phones and clothes, and break-ins at empty houses near the border where migrants sleep and then move on.

      “If you don’t have something to eat and you’re hungry you will go inside somewhere and get it. If it’s freezing cold and you could be dead the next morning then you’ll go into a house or abandoned building to sleep,” Mr Siljdedic says.

      “Maybe we’ll find you dead with two friends as happened last year, when they made a fire and it spread everywhere and they were killed. We’ve had 20 dead migrants in the last two years: two murdered, six drowned, three burned, some car accidents and a train hit one guy. This is the life we have here – people are coming and going and some die.

      “Camp Vucjak is not good and it will be much worse in winter. When the rain and snow come – and it can be minus 20 with two metres of snow up there – what will happen to those guys? They’ll come to Bihac and come into contact with locals and make some shit. And then we’ll have to deal with them.”


      Many migrants see the next few weeks as their last chance to reach the EU this year, creating a likely increase in movement towards Croatia, where officials deny claims that border guards beat and rob people that they push back into Bosnia.

      “With winter coming [migrants] are increasingly on edge and they feel like it’s ‘now or never’ to get across the border. At the same, the border guards in Croatia seem to be pushing people back more aggressively than before,” says Nihal Osman, deputy field co-ordinator in Bosnia and Serbia for Médecins Sans Frontières.

      “There’s been a noticeable increase of alleged push-back injuries in the last week or so, including people with broken bones and dog bites.”

      Sitting in a wheelchair in an IOM-run camp near Bihac, Amir Ali Mohammad Labaf accuses Croatian border guards of dumping him in the forest near the frontier just days after he suffered back injuries when he fell down a roadside embankment.

      Labaf says he was persecuted in Iran as an activist from the Gonabadi dervish order, a major Sufi sect that is denounced by country’s Shia theocracy; news reports from 2008 say a court in Qom sentenced a member of the sect with the same name to five years in jail, 74 lashes and internal exile for “spreading lies”.

      “I was in hospital for a day in Croatia and asked for asylum. They said no and deported me to the jungle,” says Labaf (40), referring to the forest that spans the border. “I want to go to France, but I can only walk a little and with great pain.”

      At Vucjak, meanwhile, Wasim is ready for another round of what migrants call “the game”.

      “I don’t have money to pay smugglers so I will try by myself to cross the border. I have some knowledge of the stars so I can travel by night,” he says. “You just have to try and try and try. And when you succeed, then you know it was the right time.”

      https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/europe/absurdistan-migrants-face-dangerous-winter-in-bosnia-1.4027923

    • Water cut to crowded migrant camp as Bosnian authorities feud, seek to downsize its population

      Local authorities in the Bosnian town of Bihac on Monday cut off a nearby migrant camp’s water supply, to pressure the government into reducing the population of the overcrowded site that international organizations have criticized as unsuitable.

      But aid workers said the move will just cause additional suffering for the #Vucjak tent camp’s 1,000 residents, many of whom walked out of the site with empty plastic bottles to beg water from Bosnians living in the vicinity.

      Officials in the northwestern town also announced a crisis meeting to discuss what to do with the camp, which hosts migrants stopped in the impoverished Balkan country while trying to reach Western Europe.

      “It is obvious that the situation must be brought to the verge of absurdity in order to be solved,” complained Bihac Mayor Suhret Fazlic.

      Both the United Nations and the European Union missions in Bosnia have urged authorities to relocate the migrants from Vucjak — which is situated on a former landfill and near minefields left over from the 1992-95 war.

      Camp resident Osman Ali, from Pakistan, described conditions as “bad, very bad.”

      “I think all people here are seeking a better situation, situation is very dirty here,” he told The Associated Press.

      Ali and other migrants were lining up Monday for a meal from the local Red Cross. Police last week rounded up hundreds of migrants from Bihac and brought them all to Vucjak, nearly doubling the camp population.

      Fazlic has warned that the city will also cut waste collection services to draw attention to the camp’s failings and force the government to share the burden and move some of the migrants to other parts of the country.

      Thousands of migrants are stuck in northwestern Bosnia, unable to continue their trek north through neighboring Croatia whose police have been accused of violently repulsing migrants caught trying to illegally cross the border.

      Selam Midzic, a Red Cross representative at Vucjak, said cutting the water supply would just raise tensions among the migrants, and consequently with aid workers and locals.

      “In the camp itself, migrants will put pressure on the Red Cross representatives, who work here and who have no protection at all, demanding to be provided with drinking water,” he warned.

      The U.N. last week warned of a possible “humanitarian emergency” if aid is cut for the camp, urging Bosnia’s government to urgently find a new location.

      In the dusty camp, some migrants used puddle water to wash. Lounging outdoors during a spell of unusually warm weather, others said they fear conditions will deteriorate once winter cold sets in.

      Ahmed, from Pakistan, said many migrants have been sick: “(We don’t) have water, (or) food, (they) only give one person two (slices of) bread,” he said and added, pointing to his feet and clothing: “No have shoes and no jacket!”

      Tens of thousands of people from Asia, the Middle East and Africa emigrate illegally to Europe every year, braving perilous sea journeys and closed borders in the hope of securing a better life in the continent’s more affluent countries.

      On Monday, Libya’s coast guard said it intercepted 126 Europe-bound migrants in a rubber boat off the country’s Mediterranean coast.

      In Malta, authorities said police arrested 107 people following overnight riots in the Hal Fa migrant detention center.

      The interior ministry said the trouble, involving about 300 migrants, started late Sunday when a migrant tried to enter the center while allegedly drunk. A police vehicle was damaged and three police officers slightly injured in the violence.

      The U.N. refugee agency expressed concern.


      https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2019/10/22/world/social-issues-world/water-cut-crowded-migrant-camp-bosnian-authorities-feud-seek-downsize-
      #eau #coupure #dissuasion

    • Inside Bosnia’s ’nightmare’ camp for migrants trying to enter the EU

      Aid agencies are warning of a humanitarian disaster in Bosnia, with people facing a winter without proper accommodation.

      Bosnia is now a major route into the EU – 45,000 migrants have arrived in the country since the start of 2018.

      The country’s official refugee camps are full and the government has not allocated new sites, despite being given £10m by the EU this summer to do so.

      https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-europe-50132250/inside-bosnia-s-nightmare-camp-for-migrants-trying-to-enter-the-eu
      #vidéo #gale #hiver #campement

      On dit dans le reportage que la zone autour du camp est entourée de #mines_anti-personnel

    • Réponse de Simon Missiri à ma question sur l’argent récolté par la #Croix-Rouge pour faire face à la situation humanitaire en Bosnie, via twitter 25.10.2109 :


      « We were able to raise only CHF 1.3 mln despite all efforts. This financed food non-food support to 41,000 migrants this year. Much more is needed in this desperate situation. »
      https://twitter.com/SimonMissiri/status/1187679349685645312

      Le lien vers le rapport « Emergency Plan of Action Operations Update No .3, Bosnia and Herzegovina : Population Movement » du 25.10.2109


      https://t.co/WBFbWSf3c2?amp=1

    • Bosnian authorities have announced the closure of the ad-hoc “camp” in Vučjak, where terrible conditions prevail and refugees have no access to water, toilets, or medical assistance (https://apps.derstandard.at/privacywall/story/2000110464615/bosnisches-aufnahmezentrum-fuer-fluechtlinge-wird-geschlossen). The camp, which was built on a former garbage dump, has been repeatedly criticised by a number of international and regional organisations for its range of health threats and non-compliance or minimum standards for refugee reception. With the previously announced closure of the temporary reception centres Bira in Bihać and Miral in Velika Kladuša, the question of accommodating thousands of refugees in Bosnia and Herzegovina arises, especially given that the weather is rapidly getting worse and winter is coming soon.

      Reçu via Inicijativa dobrodosli, mail du 06.11.2019.

      –---------------
      Bosnisches Aufnahmezentrum für Flüchtlinge wird geschlossen

      Ein neuer Standort soll gefunden werden, da das Lager nahe einer Mülldeponie und eines Minenfelds errichtet worden war.

      Bosniens Sicherheitsminister Dragan Mektić hat am Dienstag die Schließung des Flüchtlingszentrums Vučjak etwa zehn Kilometer von Bihać entfernt angekündigt. Dort halten sich laut dem Minister derzeit zwischen 800 und 1.000 Flüchtlinge und Migranten auf.

      Das Aufnahmezentrum war im Juni unweit einer Mülldeponie und eines Minenfelds errichtet worden. Mehrere internationale Organisationen hatten sogleich gewarnt, dass das Zentrum ein ernstes Gesundheits- und Sicherheitsrisiko darstelle und nicht den internationalen Normen entsprechend für die Unterbringung von Flüchtlingen ausgestattet sei.
      Keine ehemaligen Kasernen

      Föderationspremier Fadil Novalić hat Mektić zufolge dieser Tage einige Standorte für ein neues Aufnahmezentrum vorgeschlagen. Es würde sich um eine Investition von 1,5 bis zwei Millionen Euro handeln, berichtete der Minister. Die Kommunalbehörden sind weiterhin nicht bereit, den gesamtstaatlichen Behörden ehemalige Militärkasernen zur Aufnahme von Flüchtlingen zur Verfügung zu stellen.

      Die Behörden des Kantons Una-Sana hatten in der Vorwoche die Schließung von weiteren zwei Aufnahmezentren, Bira in Bihać und Miral in Velika Kladuša, angekündigt. In den beiden Zentren halten sich derzeit rund 2.000 Personen auf.

      Im Kanton Una-Sana befinden sich laut früheren Angaben der Regionalregierung etwa 5.000 Migranten und Flüchtlinge, heuer wurden bereits 36.000 registriert. (APA, 29.10.2019)

      https://apps.derstandard.at/privacywall/story/2000110464615/bosnisches-aufnahmezentrum-fuer-fluechtlinge-wird-geschlossen

    • Cold weather comes, no relief in sight for Bosnia’s migrants

      Despite the approach of harsh weather, hundreds of refugees and migrants are still stuck in northwest Bosnia in a makeshift camp described by international organizations as dangerous and inhumane.

      Desperate men, including many who have made several unsuccessful attempts to cross into neighboring European Union member Croatia, sleep in the ill-equipped Vucjak tent camp. It is located on a former landfill, not far from a minefield left over from Bosnia’s 1992-95 war.

      The men spend their days collecting wood from nearby forest to use for the small fires that are their only source of warmth during Bosnia’s chilly fall nights. They get only one meal per day, distributed by local Red Cross volunteers, and are forced to shower outside, with no privacy or even a semblance of comfort.

      The Vucjak camp, where they might end up spending the entire harsh Bosnian winter, was set up by local authorities to increase the pressure on the central government, which they have accused of not doing enough to distribute the migrant burden around the country.

      Bosnia has been overwhelmed by the arrival of migrants heading toward Europe along the Balkan route. Most migrants flock to its northwest region, which borders Croatia.

      This has led to tensions in the border area where most of the over 6,000 migrants now in the country are staying.

      https://apnews.com/c0c9dd7dcab444b791ce099feff6cb65

    • Bosnie : le projet d’ouverture de deux centres pour migrants stagne malgré l’urgence de l’hiver

      Entre travaux interminables et lenteurs administratives, l’ouverture de deux nouveaux centres d’hébergement pour faire face à l’afflux de migrants en Bosnie prend du retard. L’ONU appelle le gouvernement à débloquer la situation qui, en l’état, pourrait conduire à des décès de migrants sans abri au cours de l’hiver.

      À l’approche de l’hiver, l’Organisation internationale pour les migrations (OIM) s’est lancée dans une véritable course contre la montre pour mettre à l’abri les milliers de migrants qui survivent dans les bois ou dans le camp de Vucjak, dans le nord de la Bosnie, à la frontière avec la Croatie, membre de l’Union européenne (UE).

      Selon Peter Van Der Auweraert, représentant de l’OIM en Bosnie, quelque 2 500 migrants sont actuellement sans abri dans cette région : un millier d’entre eux vivent dans le camp de Vucjak, installés sur une ancienne décharge. Et 1 500 autres sont éparpillés dans les bois alentours, occupant souvent de vieilles bâtisses abandonnées et vétustes.

      Les deux centres d’hébergement de Bira à Bihać et Miral à Velika Kladuša tournent, eux, à pleine capacité avec 1 500 personnes dans le premier (principalement des hommes seuls) et 600 à 700 personnes dans le second (principalement des familles et des mineurs non-accompagnés).

      Chaque jour, de nombreux migrants continuent d’affluer dans le canton d’Una Sana avec l’espoir de réussir à franchir la frontière croate et ainsi entrer dans l’UE. Le ministère de la Sécurité évalue à au moins 50 000 le nombre de migrants ayant traversé le pays l’année dernière à destination de l’Europe.

      Les autorités locales du canton d’Una Sana peinent de plus en plus à faire face à l’afflux de migrants et se heurtent à la grogne des citoyens. Plusieurs centaines d’habitants de Bihac ont ainsi manifesté mi-novembre pour demander la fermeture des centres d’hébergement et du camp de Vucjak.

      Le gouvernement bosnien, de son côté, a approuvé début novembre deux nouveaux sites d’hébergement des migrants en dehors de la région d’Una Sana, l’un dans le canton de Tuzla et l’autre dans celui de Sarajevo. Après plusieurs jours d’attente, les équipes de l’OIM ont eu accès la semaine dernière aux bâtiments afin d’évaluer leur capacité et les travaux à faire.

      “Mauvaise nouvelle, le site de Tuzla est, pour l’instant, inutilisable. La protection civile nous a informés qu’il restait des mines anti-personnelles autour des anciens baraquements militaires qui devaient être convertis en centre d’hébergement”, indique Peter Van Der Auweraert de l’OIM Bosnie, joint par InfoMigrants. Selon lui, l’opération de déminage prendra plusieurs semaines. Le site ne devrait pas être disponible avant le printemps.
      "Le gouvernement n’a pas le sens de l’urgence"

      Le site du canton de Sarajevo, lui, est “utilisable”, poursuit Peter Van Der Auweraert. “Mais quatre semaines de travaux sont à prévoir car l’eau courante ne fonctionne pas, l’électricité n’est pas aux normes et il n’y a pas de raccordement aux égouts”, explique-t-il, estimant que ce site serait en mesure d’accueillir la quasi-totalité des migrants qui se trouvent dans les bois et dans le camp de Vucjak. Il vise une ouverture, au mieux, début 2020, à condition que le ministère de la Sécurité donne son feu vert rapidement. “Le problème c’est que le gouvernement central n’a absolument pas le sens de l’urgence, il n’y a pas de véritable volonté politique”, regrette-t-il.

      En attendant, l’OIM souhaiterait augmenter la capacité d’accueil du centre de Bira afin d’y transférer un maximum de migrants sans abri, mais les autorités cantonales font barrage. Elles ont même récemment menacé de mettre en place un blocus dans les centres de Bira et Miral empêchant la libre circulation des migrants.

      “La neige doit commencer à arriver la semaine prochaine, j’ai très peur que nous ayons rapidement des pertes de vies humaines à cause de l’inaction politique”, prévient Peter Van Der Auweraert, rappelant que que les conditions sanitaires dans lesquelles les migrants de Vucjak survivent sont, en outre, extrêmement précaires. “Ces personnes ont besoin d’une évaluation médicale avant même de pouvoir être transférés dans des centres. On estime, par exemple, que 70% des migrants de Vucjak ont la gale. Malgré l’urgence, on ne peut pas travailler car on dépend des décisions du gouvernement qui n’arrivent pas”, termine-t-il, appelant une nouvelle fois les autorités à réagir.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/21119/bosnie-le-projet-d-ouverture-de-deux-centres-pour-migrants-stagne-malg

    • Bosnie-Herzégovine : le Conseil de l’Europe demande la fermeture du camp de Vučjak

      « Ce camp devrait être fermé sans délai », a déclaré mardi la Commissaire aux droits humains du Conseil de l’Europe, Dunja Mijatović, lors de sa visite à Vučjak. Sur le terrain, les ONG dénoncent un « cauchemar », alors que les migrants et réfugiés se sont lancés dans une grève de la faim pour protester contre les conditions de vie catastrophiques.

      « Des gens vont mourir », a déclaré mardi à la presse Dunja Mijatović, la Commissaire aux droits de l’Homme du Conseil de l’Europe, lors de sa visite au camp de Vučjak. « Ce n’est pas un lieu pour des êtres humains. » Depuis trois jours, des migrants de ce campement informel situé à 8 km de la frontière croate et qui « accueille » environ 600 personnes, sont en grève de la faim, refusant la nourriture et les boissons chaudes que des bénévoles de la Croix-Rouge leur apportent une fois par jour. Ce qu’ils veulent, disent-ils, c’est poursuivre leur route vers l’Europe.

      Les photos dans la presse montrent des hommes blottis sous des couvertures, certains sans chaussures ni chaussettes, alors que la température a chuté en-dessous de zéro degré. « Nous ne sommes pas des criminels ni des terroristes », proteste un Pakistanais, cité par Radio Slobodna Evropa. « Pourquoi sommes-nous condamnés à vivre ainsi ? J’ai donné de nombreuses interviews pour alerter l’opinion, mais ça n’a rien changé. » Les ONG présentes sur le terrain dénoncent également une situation catastrophique. « Un cauchemar », selon Médecins sans frontières (MSF).

      « Les réfugiés et les migrants doivent être transférés dans un endroit chaud, où ils recevront un repas et où il sera possible de traiter leurs demandes de la façon la plus appropriée », a insisté Dunja Mijatović. Elle-même d’origine bosnienne, elle a reconnu qu’elle avait « honte qu’une chose pareille existe dans [son] pays ». « La solution est de fermer ce camp et de faire en sorte que ces gens survivent à l’hiver », a-t-elle plaidé. Dunja Mijatović a prévu de rencontrer vendredi des représentants des différents niveaux institutionnels en Bosnie-Herzégovine.

      Le ministre bosnien de la Sécurité, Dragan Mektić, a affirmé que les réfugiés et migrants seraient prochainement transférés dans un nouveau centre d’accueil temporaire à Blažuje, près de Sarajevo. « Les travaux de construction et de rénovation ont commencé et nous prévoyons que les premiers migrants y soient hébergés d’ici deux à trois semaines », a-t-il assuré. Selon le ministère de la Sécurité, la Bosnie-Herzégovine compte sept centres d’accueil officiels où se trouvent actuellement environ 4500 réfugiés et migrants.

      https://www.courrierdesbalkans.fr/Bosnie-Herzegovine-le-Conseil-de-l-Europe-demande-la-fermeture-du

    • Bosnie-Herzégovine : les migrants du camp de Vučjak en #grève_de_la_faim

      Alors que la neige s’est mise à tomber en Bosnie-Herzégovine, les conditions dans le camp de Vučjak, déjà misérables, ont empiré. Depuis mardi, plusieurs migrants qui tentent de survivre dans le camp refusent de boire et de s’alimenter pour protester contre la situation. Un membre de l’équipe mobile de la Croix-Rouge de Bihac a déclaré à Klix.ba qu’ils avaient refusé d’avaler le repas chaud préparé mardi matin et de boire du thé.

      « Nous avons faim, nous mourons, mais nous n’irons nulle part ailleurs en Bosnie-Herzégovine. Nous exhortons l’UE à ouvrir ses frontières », a déclaré l’un des migrants. Outre la nourriture, ils refusent également de nouvelles tentes – sous le poids de la neige, plusieurs se sont déjà écroulées – et des couvertures.

      La Commissaire aux droits humains du Conseil de l’Europe, Dunja Mijatović, a demandé mardi la fermeture immédiate du camp.
      Bosnie-Herzégovine : la neige est tombée sur le camp de Vučjak

      4 décembre - 8h30 : Les premières neiges sont tombées sur le camp de Vučjak, où survivent 800 à 1000 réfugiés, très mal vêtus, souvent sans chaussures. Plusieurs tentes fournies par le Croissant-Rouge turc se sont effondrées sous le poids de la neige.

      https://www.courrierdesbalkans.fr/courrierdesbalkans-fr-fil-info-refugies-2019-novembre

    • Le camp de Vucjak évacué, mais le sort de ces migrants n’est en rien réglé

      Après des semaines de demandes d’ONG humanitaires et de pression de l’Union européenne sur les autorités de Bosnie-Herzégovine, le campement de Vucjak est en cours d’évacuation.


      https://fr.euronews.com/2019/12/09/le-camp-de-vucjak-evacue-mais-le-sort-de-ces-migrants-n-est-en-rien-reg
      #évacuation

    • Bosnia Puts Off Closing Makeshift Migrant Camp ’Until Further Notice’

      Bosnian authorities have indefinitely postponed the scheduled closing of a makeshift migrant tent camp in the northwest of the country.

      The closing of the Vucjak camp had been scheduled for December 9, following harsh international criticism of the improper conditions hundreds of people are being housed in. The camp is hosting some 600 migrants, according to the Red Cross.

      Rade Kovac, the director of the Bosnian Service for Foreigners’ Affairs, visited the camp on December 9 and said that the authorities had postponed closing the camp until further notice.

      Aid groups have repeatedly warned that the Vucjak camp is located on a former landfill and close to a mine field from Bosnia’s 1992-95 war, and has no running water or toilets. Living conditions worsened further after snow started falling last week.

      Kovac said the migrants will eventually be moved to one of the reception centers in the Sarajevo Canton. He gave no reason for the postponement, but media reports said the decision was prompted by a lack of proper accommodation at the reception centers.

      Bosnia-Herzegovina’s security minister, Dragan Mektic, last week announced that the occupants of the camp on the border with Croatia would be relocated to other camps outside the region.

      “It was agreed that migrants would be moved early next week from this locality to other reception centers...and that this makeshift camp would be closed,” Mektic said in a statement on December 6.

      The decision to close the camp came after Dunja Mijatovic, the Council of Europe commissioner for human rights, visited Vucjak last week and warned that deaths would be imminent if the camp were not closed at once. “If we don’t close the camp today, tomorrow people will start dying here,” she told reporters while visiting the snow-covered camp.

      On December 6, Mijatovic told a news conference in the Bosnian capital, Sarajevo, that it was now urgent to relocate the migrants and provide them with “decent accommodation.”

      "Many people lack adequate clothing and footwear,’’ she said. "It is inhumane and unacceptable to keep people in such conditions.’’

      However, some migrants said that despite snow and freezing weather, they will refuse to be moved farther away from the border. Most of the migrants flocked to the northwestern part of Bosnia because they want to continue their journey to Western Europe’s more prosperous countries by crossing the border into European Union member Croatia.

      On December 7, migrants at Vucjak resumed accepting food distributed by the Bihac branch of the Red Cross, after refusing it for several days in protest at the announced relocation of the camp.

      Bosnian authorities have struggled to accommodate thousands of people fleeing war and poverty in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia. Migrants enter Bosnia from neighboring Serbia or Montenegro.

      https://reliefweb.int/report/bosnia-and-herzegovina/bosnia-puts-closing-makeshift-migrant-camp-until-further-notice

    • Bosnia, “situazione insostenibile nel campo di Vucjak. Migranti al freddo senza acqua corrente e luce”. Ma la chiusura è rinviata

      Una situazione intollerabile, con tende coperte dalla neve e mancanza delle più elementari condizioni igieniche. È questo lo stato del campo profughi di Vucjak, nel Nord-Ovest della Bosnia-Erzegovina, vicino alla frontiera con la Croazia. Lunedì 9 dicembre le autorità ne hanno rinviato la chiusura, dopo averla annunciata nei giorni precedenti sotto la crescente pressione della comunità internazionale. I media locali, nel dare notizia del rinvio, non ne hanno chiarito i motivi. È possibile che le strutture indicate per l’accoglienza dei seicento profughi non siano ancora del tutto pronte.

      Il campo, aperto a giugno scorso vicino a Bihac, si trova su una ex discarica e vicino a terreni minati nella guerra degli anni novanta e non dispone delle infrastrutture più elementari, di acqua corrente o elettricità. I profughi, principalmente giovani uomini, vivono in tende non riscaldate, nonostante le temperature siano scese in questi giorni sotto lo zero.

      Era stata in particolare Dunja Mijatovic, commissaria dei diritti umani del Consiglio d’Europa, a chiedere lo smantellamento del campo di Vucjak. La commissaria martedì 3 dicembre si era recata sul posto e aveva denunciato la passività delle autorità bosniache: “Se non si chiude questo campo oggi, domani le persone cominceranno a morire. Di chi sarà la responsabilità?”. Venerdì, davanti alla stampa, aveva di nuovo parlato di condizioni “molto difficili e vergognose”, dicendosi “scioccata” da ciò che aveva visto a Vucjak. Anche Medici senza Frontiere aveva segnalato la difficile situazione dei profughi, molti dei quali sprovvisti di vestiti adeguati ad affrontare il freddo. Le reazioni della comunità internazionale avevano spinto le autorità bosniache a decidere la chiusura immediata del campo all’inizio della settimana successiva, salvo poi tornare sui loro passi.

      L’obiettivo, dopo un passaggio temporaneo in vari centri di accoglienza, è accogliere i circa seicento profughi di Vucjak in una ex caserma nei pressi di Sarajevo. Non tutti i migranti sembrano però disposti ad accettare il trasferimento, che significa allontanarsi dalla frontiera con la Croazia, Paese membro dell’Unione europea nel quale intendono entrare per poi proseguire il viaggio verso l’Europa occidentale. Nei precedenti tentativi di trasferire i migranti nella capitale, infatti, i profughi avevano chiesto di tornare a Bihac per essere più vicini al confine.

      https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2019/12/09/bosnia-situazione-insostenibile-nel-campo-di-vucjak-migranti-al-freddo-senza-acqua-corrente-e-luce-ma-chiusura-e-rinviata/5604973

    • En Bosnie-Herzégovine, l’un des pires camps de réfugiés d’Europe évacué

      L’évacuation du camp de migrants de Vucjak, en Bosnie-Herzégovine, a démarré mardi 10 décembre, après que la Commissaire aux droits de l’homme du Conseil de l’Europe a demandé aux autorités de « fermer sans délai ». Il y a quelques semaines, Mediapart y avait constaté les conditions de vie honteuses. Reportage.

      Début décembre, en visite sur place dans la neige, la Commissaire aux droits de l’homme du Conseil de l’Europe avait demandé aux autorités bosniennes de « fermer Vucjak sans délai ». Dans ce camp informel apparu en juin dernier à l’extrémité nord-ouest de la Bosnie-Herzégovine, des réfugiés s’entassent dans des conditions honteuses, cherchant à rallier à pied la frontière croate, puis la Slovénie et l’Italie derrière. Elle-même bosnienne, Dunja Mijatovic avait formulé cette requête à la mi-octobre déjà, sans succès.

      Cette fois, l’évacuation a commencé, mardi 10 décembre, en début d’après-midi. « Pour des raisons de sécurité », les journalistes n’ont pas eu le droit d’accéder au site, contraints de suivre le déroulé des opérations loin de cette ancienne décharge, sur laquelle les autorités du canton d’Una-Sana avaient établi un camp, à quelques kilomètres seulement de la Croatie (membre de l’UE). Le week-end dernier, des migrants résidant là s’étaient mis en grève de la faim à l’annonce de leur relogement loin de la frontière.

      En 2019, en Bosnie-Herzégovine, davantage d’arrivées de migrants ont été enregistrées qu’en Espagne ou en Italie.

      Bosnie-Herzégovine, envoyés spéciaux. – Chacun s’est emmitouflé du mieux qu’il a pu. Certains ont des couvertures roulées sur les épaules, un homme brandit un étonnant parapluie vert, tous portent un gros sac sur le dos et un duvet en bandoulière. Les adieux sont brefs avec les compagnons qui restent au camp de Vu#jak, en Bosnie-Herzégovine. Cet après-midi brumeux, ils sont vingt-cinq à prendre la route de la frontière avec la Croatie, membre de l’Union européenne, située à moins d’une heure de marche. Vingt-cinq à s’engager dans le game, le « jeu » très risqué du passage de la frontière.

      « J’ai déjà essayé six fois de passer », raconte Muhammad, un jeune Pakistanais. « À chaque fois qu’ils nous arrêtent, les policiers croates nous ordonnent de poser devant nous nos téléphones portables et ils les cassent. On doit aussi donner tout notre argent. Ensuite ils brûlent nos sacs, nos vêtements chauds et nos chaussures. Puis ils nous reconduisent jusqu’à la frontière de la Bosnie- Herzégovine. » Malgré ces mauvais traitements répétés, le jeune homme recommencera le gamedès qu’il aura réussi à réunir un peu d’argent pour s’équiper à nouveau. Selon lui, il faut compter 300 euros pour avoir de quoi refaire les dix jours de route à pied, caché, jusqu’en Slovénie. Pas pour les passeurs, mais pour se payer un téléphone, de nouveaux vêtements chauds et de la nourriture.

      Le camp de Vucjak a été établi le 16 juin dernier sur le site très pollué (au méthane, notamment) d’une ancienne décharge, à une dizaine de kilomètres de Biha#, dans le nord-ouest de la Bosnie-Herzégovine. La frontière croate se franchit dans la montagne. Durant la guerre des années 1990, la zone a été âprement disputée et les abords du camp restent truffés de mines.

      Tout l’été, le terrain était infesté de serpents. Cet automne, ce sont les sangliers qui, chaque nuit, viennent chercher de la nourriture jusque dans les tentes fournies par la Croix-Rouge turque. Ils sont 800 à 1 000 à dormir dans ce cloaque, au milieu des immondices. Des hommes seuls, à qui l’on refuse l’entrée dans les camps, surpeuplés, de Biha# et de Velika Kladuša, gérés par l’Organisation internationale pour les migrations (OIM), qui n’acceptent plus que les mineurs et les familles.

      Selon Nihal Osman, coordinatrice locale de Médecins sans frontières (MSF), 7 à 8 000 migrants se trouvent aujourd’hui présents dans le canton de Biha# : 3 200 dans les camps de Bira, Miral, Sedra et Borici, plus de 4 000 dans les squats établis dans des maisons vides ou des usines abandonnées, ou bien sous les tentes de Vucjak. À l’intérieur du camp, le tableau sanitaire est affolant.

      De nombreux réfugiés reviennent blessés du game, à cause des sévices infligés par la police croate. Presque tous souffrent de diarrhée et de maladies de peau, dont de nombreux cas de gale. La mairie de Biha# livre chaque jour 20 000 litres d’eau, mais les douches en plein air sont jonchées d’immondices. Les résidents doivent faire leurs besoins dehors : les sanitaires sont depuis longtemps hors d’usage. Avec les brumes humides de l’automne, la température tombe déjà en dessous de zéro certains soirs, beaucoup souffrent de la grippe, tandis que MSF recense de nombreux cas de tuberculose et de sida.

      « Si ces personnes restent à l’extérieur, comme c’est le cas aujourd’hui, il y en a qui vont mourir cet hiver, prévient Nihal Osman. Ici, les températures peuvent descendre sous les – 20 °C et les feux de branchage ne suffiront pas. » L’ONG n’intervient pas à l’intérieur du camp de Vu#jak, refusant de cautionner son existence. Pour assurer malgré tout sa mission humanitaire, son personnel opère dans une petite clinique établie dans le village voisin, malgré l’hostilité des riverains. « On est obligé de se faire discrets. On ferme à 15 heures, avant que les gens reviennent du travail », explique Nihal Osman.

      Seule la Croix-Rouge locale délivre un repas par jour – ce lundi, c’était une louche de riz, un peu de sauce à la viande, quelques fines tranches de pain et un litre de soda. Depuis l’été, les organisations internationales pressent les autorités bosniennes de trouver un autre emplacement, mais celles-ci font la sourde oreille. « Tout le monde se focalise sur le scandale humanitaire de Vu#jak, nuance Nihal Osman, mais le problème est européen. De plus en plus de gens s’engagent sur la route des Balkans, et le canton de Biha# en est le débouché naturel. »

      De fait, Bihac, à l’extrémité nord-ouest de la Bosnie- Herzégovine, constitue le point le plus proche de la Slovénie et de l’Italie, l’objectif que veulent gagner tous ceux qui se massent ici. Pour y demander l’asile et poursuivre leur route plus sereinement vers les pays de l’ouest et du nord de l’Union européenne. Pour la Bosnie-Herzégovine, en 2019, 28 327 arrivées ont été officiellement enregistrées, en hausse de presque 5 000 par rapport à 2018 et presque 30 fois plus qu’en 2017. En Europe, seule la Grèce a enregistré plus d’arrivées. La Bosnie-Herzégovine dépasse désormais l’Espagne et l’Italie.

      Se souvenant de leur expérience personnelle pendant la guerre de 1992-1995, les habitants du canton d’Una Sana ont longtemps regardé avec bienveillance et solidarité les exilés bloqués dans cette impasse de la route des Balkans. Mais aujourd’hui, c’est un sentiment de lassitude et d’exaspération qui domine. Plusieurs manifestations anti-migrants ont eu lieu à Biha# ces dernières semaines, et les autorités locales mettent des bâtons dans les roues des rares humanitaires présents sur le terrain, comme Médecins sans frontières. En fait, les réfugiés paient au prix fort les sombres calculs politiques qui opposent les autorités locales à celles de la capitale, Sarajevo.

      Une longue odyssée balkanique

      Le contrôle des frontières et la gestion des migrations relèvent théoriquement de l’État central de Bosnie- Herzégovine et de son ministère de la sécurité, mais le canton d’Una Sana, qui possède son propre ministère de l’intérieur, relève de la Fédération de Bosnie- Herzégovine, l’une des deux « entités » de ce pays toujours divisé. Or, les autorités du canton estiment qu’elles sont abandonnées par les autorités fédérales et qu’elles doivent faire face seules à la crise. Leur politique vise à donc à rendre les conditions de vie des migrants les plus difficiles possibles afin de les dissuader de rester sur leur territoire. Depuis deux semaines, elles interdisent même la circulation des réfugiés. Ceux qui sont raflés dans la rue par la police sont immédiatement envoyés à Vucjak.

      Pour sa part, l’OIM, qui gère l’ensemble des camps de Bosnie-Herzégovine, par délégation des compétences normalement dévolues à l’État, cherche aussi à délocaliser les migrants en insistant pour l’ouverture d’autres camps officiels à l’intérieur du pays, vers Tuzla ou Sarajevo. Une politique qui a peu de chances d’être suivie d’effet, Biha# restant la « porte d’accès » à la Croatie. De surcroît, bien peu de migrants osent s’aventurer dans le nord de la Bosnie, qui dépend de la Republika Srpska, l’autre « entité » du pays, dont les autorités prônent une fermeté absolue et refusent l’ouverture de centres d’accueil.

      Dans les camps officiels, l’OIM multiplie les campagnes en faveur du retour volontaire. Beaucoup de travailleurs humanitaires estiment que l’organisation se préoccupe moins d’apporter une réponse humanitaire que de contribuer à la « gestion des migrations » – c’est-à-dire aux politiques visant à dissuader les exilés de tenter de gagner l’Union européenne. Et ils s’étonnent de l’absence quasi totale du Haut-Commissariat aux réfugiés (UNHCR), qui semble avoir délégué ses compétences à l’OIM. Même le Comité international de la Croix-Rouge (CICR) n’est pas présent. Seules quelques sections nationales de la Croix-Rouge ont envoyé des équipes.

      « Les autorités locales voudraient que ces gens aillent ailleurs, considérant qu’elles ont trop de migrants à gérer sur leur territoire, souligne Hannu Pekka Laiho, en mission d’observation pour la Croix-Rouge finlandaise. Le problème, c’est que chacun des acteurs impliqués dans cette crise se renvoie la balle : les Bosniens, mais aussi l’OIM et l’Union européenne. » Appuyé sur sa canne, le vieil homme s’émeut du sort réservé aux malheureux qui échouent ici. « Tout le monde veut se débarrasser de Vu#jak. En attendant, ces gens sont tout bonnement livrés à eux-mêmes. La tension est palpable, mais je m’étonne que ce ne soit pas pire encore vu les conditions dans lesquelles doivent vivre ces hommes. Tous les jours, ils m’interrogent pour savoir si de nouveaux camps vont ouvrir, en Bosnie, ou en Croatie. Je n’ai rien à leur répondre de concret. »

      ______________________________________________________________________________

      Deux nationalités dominent à Vucjak, les Afghans et les Pakistanais, qui se regardent en chiens de faïence, chacun occupant sa zone. Les Maghrébins, mal vus, n’osent pas y rester et se réfugient dans les squats. Cet été, un Palestinien a été tué d’un coup de couteau. On trouve pourtant aussi quelques Indiens, et même trois Sénégalais, qui ont trouvé refuge dans le secteur afghan. Djallo, 33 ans, est originaire de Kédougou, à la frontière de la Guinée et du Mali. Il a d’abord rejoint la Turquie, puis il est passé en Grèce, où il a travaillé deux ans dans des fermes. Il s’est ensuite engagé sur la route des Balkans, après avoir économisé suffisamment d’argent, pensait-il, pour rejoindre un pays riche de l’UE.

      Djallo détaille les étapes de sa longue odyssée balkanique. Il a franchi clandestinement les frontières de la Macédoine du Nord puis de la Serbie, versant à chaque fois plusieurs centaines d’euros aux passeurs. À Preševo, dans le sud de la Serbie, des Pakistanais lui ont vendu dix euros un faux récépissé de demande d’asile en Serbie, un document pourtant accessible gratuitement. Il a ensuite payé 150 euros le passage

      en barque de la Drina, la rivière qui sépare la Serbie et la Bosnie-Herzégovine, puis il a gagné la région de Biha# en bus et se trouve depuis un mois à Vu#jak.

      « Dans le nord de la Macédoine, je suis resté bloqué dans un village où ils gardent les gens, tant que les familles n’envoient pas l’argent », raconte-t-il, grelottant dans son manteau élimé, des claquettes en plastique dépareillées aux pieds. Deux jours plus tôt, Djallo a été rapatrié dans le camp, après avoir été violemment renvoyé de Croatie. « Cela faisait dix jours que nous marchions avec un groupe de Pakistanais et d’Afghans. On nous a arrêtés près de la Slovénie et on nous a ramenés jusqu’ici... Je n’ai opposé aucune résistance, mais les policiers m’ont tout pris. » Désespéré, sans un sou, Djallo envisage désormais de repartir en arrière. A minima jusqu’en Grèce, « parce que là-bas, au moins, on peut travailler et gagner un peu d’argent ». Les violences de la police croate visent à dissuader les gens de tenter le voyage. Zagreb a d’ailleurs été félicitée par ses partenaires européens pour sa « bonne gestion » des frontières et pourrait même être appelée prochainement à rejoindre l’espace Schengen.

      https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/international/101219/en-bosnie-herzegovine-l-un-des-pires-camps-de-refugies-d-europe-evacue

    • After 179 days (5 months and 26 days) the Vucjak jungle was evacuated and its structures and tents destroyed with the excavator. 7 buses transported migrants to the Usivak camp in Hadzici, outside Sarajevo, managed by IOM. On 10 December, the eviction of the Vučjak area started. Volunteers from the region report that the authorities in Una Sana Canton and IOM announced that from this day on, Vucjak jungle will not exist. During the press conference on Monday, Bihac authorities announced that no media can be present at Vucjak during the eviction which is a serious issue restricting the work of the media, but also the right of the public to know what is happening.

      Volunteers and activists on the field denounce that “media freedoms are at serious risk at the moment in Bosnia and Herzegovina in many ways. The authorities and international organizations are doing everything they can in order to restrict the media from accessing the places where refugees are, being camps run by the IOM or places like Vucjak during the eviction. Additionally, all parties involved are investing a lot of effort in spearing propaganda of different types, including hate propaganda. Local volunteers strictly condemn that international organizations are still not doing enough: “volunteers in Sarajevo are noticing more and more people in the streets, sleeping rough, among them many minors, with no care at all. The only help provided comes from the citizens, while DRC, Red Cross, cantonal authorities, IOM, UN agencies are staying aside and ignoring this fact.” Updates come also from another city of Bosnia and Herzegovina: In Tuzla, over 100 people are staying outside. People are still arriving from Serbia, daily, even though much less than during previous months. As well as in Sarajevo, many people are hosted by the locals.

      If you want to keep updated on some border points like Lesbos, Patras, Athens, Šid and Velika Kladuša, you can listen the podcast that independent volunteers and volunteers working for small organizations in Greece and some of the EU’s external borders report weekly on their daily work and the dire conditions in which refugees and migrants are living. The audios are in Spanish and, time permitting, subtitles are also provided in Serbo-Croatian and English. Here the youtube channel (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2HjVrr5IF3Q

      ) where you can follow the weekly updates. Overall, they report a worsening situation at all these points. And not only because of the arrival of cold days, but above all because of the deliberate, and more and more systematic, violation of the rights of people on the move. Constant harassment and police violence, horrific and degrading living conditions, racist and inhumane treatment and much more, along with anti-immigration laws that are becoming more restrictive in all countries every day, all of this makes the lives of thousands of people destroyed on daily bases.

      Reçu via Inicijativa dobrodosli, mail du 17.12.2019.

  • L’#Autriche et le #Danemark présentent leur projet de #centre_de_déportation pour demandeurs d’asile #déboutés

    La semaine dernière, le Danemark et l’Autriche ont présenté conjointement à Vienne un projet pour réformer le système de l’asile au sein de l’Union européenne. Ce projet prévoit d’établir un centre de déportation basé hors de l’UE pour les demandeurs d’asile refoulés.

    La ministre danoise de la migration, #Inge_Støjberg, s’était rendue à Vienne jeudi, où elle a rencontré le ministre de l’Intérieur autrichien, #Herbert_Kickl, membre du parti d’extrême droite autrichien, le FPÖ.

    Støjberg est membre du parti libéral du Danemark (Venstre), et depuis juin 2015, elle occupe le poste de ministre de l’Immigration et de l’Intégration dans le gouvernement du Premier ministre Lars Løkke Rasmussen.

    Un projet qui n’est pas nouveau

    Leur projet vise à fournir un hébergement aux réfugiés déboutés du droit d’asile plus proche de leur pays d’origine, tout en perturbant les activités des activités de trafiquants.

    La création de centres d’accueil hors de l’Europe, des “#plate-formes_de_retour”, pour accueillir les migrants déboutés du droit d’asile en Europe, en attendant leur retour dans leur pays d’origine, est une idée chère à M. Kickl. Elle avait déjà été proposée cet été, mais jusqu’à présent, aucun pays situé hors de l’UE n’a accepté de se porter candidat pour ouvrir de tels centres sur son territoire. L’#Egypte, le #Maroc, la #Tunisie, l’#Algérie, l’#Albanie, et la #Macédoine ont tous décliné l’invitation jusqu’ici.

    Quant à Mme Støjberg, l’année dernière, elle envisageait d’adopter un projet de l’extrême-droite danoise consistant à exiler les demandeurs d’asile déboutés par son pays sur une ou plusieurs des 300 îles inhabitées au large de la côte danoise.

    Un centre d’accueil hors de l’UE pour décourager les migrants d’entreprendre le voyage

    « Nous maintenons que [les réfugiés] devraient réclamer le droit d’asile dans le premier pays où ils arrivent, plutôt qu’on leur permette de voyager dans toute l’Europe », a affirmé Mme Støjberg. « De notre côté, nous nous engageons à augmenter les capacités d’accueil [des pays voisins des zones de conflit pour gérer les arrivées de demandeurs d’asile]. Cela peut signifier des choses telles que les soins de santé, l’éducation, les gardes-frontières, et un système pour gérer les demandeurs d’asile », a-t-elle ajouté.

    Selon la ministre danoise, un centre d’accueil situé hors de l’UE réduirait la tentation des migrants de se rendre en Europe pour y trouver l’asile. « Si vous pouvez voir à quelle vitesse vous pouvez être renvoyé, il n’y a plus de raison de dépenser votre argent et de risquer votre vie pour vous rendre là-bas », a-t-elle dit.

    Selon elle, le projet respecte les conventions de l’Union européenne en matière de droit des réfugiés, et elle a exhorté les autres pays membres à soutenir le projet.

    Des contours encore très flous

    Néanmoins, le site choisi et le calendrier pour l’ouverture de ce centre n’ont pas été révélés. M. Kickl s’est montré optimiste quant aux perspectives d’aboutissement ce projet, mais n’a pas voulu donner plus de détails.

    Reste à savoir si ce projet sera accepté par les collègues européens de Mme Støjberg et M. Kickl. L’idée de la création de centres de déportation hors de l’UE avait déjà été évoquée cet été, notamment lors d’une réunion des ministres de l’Intérieur des pays membres de l’UE à Innsbruck en Autriche au mois de juillet, et n’avait pas été bien accueillie par un certain nombre d’officiels européens.

    https://fr.express.live/2018/10/09/lautriche-et-le-danemark-presentent-leur-projet-de-centre-de-deportatio

    #centre_d'expulsion #expulsions #renvois #asile #migrations #réfugiés #externalisation #UE #EU #île #îles #plate-forme_de_retour

    • Les Danois veulent loger les demandeurs d’asile déboutés sur une #île_déserte

      La ministre danoise de l’Immigration Inger Støjberg (photo) songe à adopter un projet de l’extrême-droite, qui consisterait à exiler les demandeurs d’asile déboutés sur une ou plusieurs des 300 îles inhabitées au large de la côte danoise. À l’heure actuelle, près d’un millier de demandeurs d’asile déboutés au Danemark attendent leur expulsion.

      Støjberg est membre du parti libéral du Danemark (Venstre), et depuis juin 2015, elle occupe le poste de ministre de l’Immigration et de l’Intégration dans le gouvernement du Premier ministre Lars Løkke Rasmussen.

      « Je suis toujours prête à écouter les bonnes idées pour le suivi des demandeurs d’asile », dit-elle dans le journal Berlingske.

      La proposition d’exil des demandeurs d’asile déboutés vient du parti populiste d’extrême droite danois « parti du peuple danois » (Dansk Folkeparti, ou DF). Ce parti soutient la coalition au gouvernement, mais n’en fait pas partie.

      Pourtant, selon Støjberg, le projet est intéressant mais pas immédiatement réalisable. « Il pourrait y avoir des obstacles pratiques et juridiques pour établir un centre de déportation dans un endroit très isolé, et ce sont des choses qu’il faut prendre en compte », a-t-elle déclaré.
      Dansk Folkeparti : loger les demandeurs d’asile déboutés « dans des containers, ou des tentes »
      La plupart des demandeurs d’asile déboutés résident actuellement dans une ancienne #prison d’état dans le centre du pays. Mais les résidents locaux se sont plaints de vols à l’étalage et affirment qu’ils ne se sentent pas en #sécurité en raison de la présence de ces migrants à proximité.

      Selon le DF, le coût ne devrait pas être un obstacle. « Peut-être que nous pouvons trouver une île sur laquelle il y a déjà des constructions, mais sinon, le centre pourrait être établi à partir de n’importe quoi : de #containers dans lesquels les gens pourraient vivre, ou de #tentes ». C’est ce qu’a déclaré le porte-parole du parti, Martin Henriksen.

      Le DF est très attaché à la politique d’asile du gouvernement. L’année dernière, il a suggéré la possibilité que la police impose une #assignation_à_résidence aux demandeurs d’asile mineurs qui se seraient mal comportés.

      Cette proposition faisait suite à la mise en cause que 5 garçons âgés d’entre 14 et 17 ans du centre d’asile de #Tullebølle. Ils avaient été accusés d’#agressions_sexuelles et de #viol commis sur des visiteuses du festival Langeland, sur l’île de Funen.

      https://fr.express.live/2017/12/08/danemark-demandeurs-dasile-deboutes-exil

      #géographie_du_vide #géographie_du_plein

    • Denmark Plans to Isolate Unwanted Migrants on a Small Island

      Denmark plans to house the country’s most unwelcome foreigners in a most unwelcoming place: a tiny, hard-to-reach island that now holds the laboratories, stables and crematory of a center for researching contagious animal diseases.

      As if to make the message clearer, one of the two ferries that serve the island is called the Virus.

      “They are unwanted in Denmark, and they will feel that,” the immigration minister, Inger Stojberg, wrote on Facebook.

      On Friday, the center-right government and the right-wing Danish People’s Party announced an agreement to house as many as 100 people on #Lindholm_Island — foreigners who have been convicted of crimes and rejected asylum seekers who cannot be returned to their home countries.

      The 17-acre island, in an inlet of the Baltic Sea, lies about two miles from the nearest shore, and ferry service is infrequent. Foreigners will be required to report at the island center daily, and face imprisonment if they do not.

      “We’re going to minimize the number of ferry departures as much as at all possible,” Martin Henriksen, a spokesman for the Danish People’s Party on immigration, told TV 2. “We’re going to make it as cumbersome and expensive as possible.”

      The deal allocates about $115 million over four years for immigrant facilities on the island, which are scheduled to open in 2021.

      The finance minister, Kristian Jensen, who led the negotiations, said the island was not a prison, but added that anyone placed there would have to sleep there.

      Louise Holck, deputy executive director of The Danish Institute for Human Rights, said her organization would watch the situation “very closely” for possible violations of Denmark’s international obligations.

      The agreement was reached as part of the annual budget negotiations. Each year, the Danish People’s Party demands restrictions on immigrants or refugees in return for its votes on a budget.

      In Denmark, as in much of Europe, the surge in migration from the Middle East and Africa in 2015 and 2016 prompted a populist, nativist backlash.

      The government has vowed to push immigration law to the limits of international conventions on human rights.

      Legal experts said it was too early to tell whether the Lindholm Island project would cross those boundaries, constituting illegal confinement. They said it resembled an Italian government project that was struck down in 1980 by the European Court of Human Rights.

      The Lindholm Island plan furthers the government’s policy of motivating failed asylum seekers to leave the country by making their lives intolerable.

      Asylum seekers with criminal records are not allowed to work in Denmark. Rejected asylum seekers who cannot be deported are given accommodations, where they cannot prepare their own meals, food and an allowance of about $1.20 per day, which is withheld if they fail to cooperate with the authorities.

      A former immigration minister, Birthe Ronn Hornbech, called the island project “a joke” and a blunder comparable to a soccer player scoring a goal for the opposing team.

      “Nothing will become of this proposal,” she wrote in her newspaper column.

      Many foreigners who have been denied asylum cannot be deported to their home countries for fear of abuse or persecution, or simply because those countries refuse to take them back.

      Hundreds lingering in two deportation centers refuse to leave — a challenge for a government that has promised to get rid of those who have no legal right to remain in Denmark.

      Some have held out for more than a decade despite a steady deterioration in living conditions. An independent study by a former prison director now working for the rights group Helsinki Citizens’ Assembly found conditions in one of the deportation centers to be comparable to those in some prisons, or worse.

      Prime Minister Lars Lokke Rasmussen said last month that the government’s aim in receiving refugees would no longer be to integrate them, but to host them until they can return to their countries of origin.

      “It’s not easy to ask families to go home, if they’ve actually settled,” he told a meeting of his party. “But it is the morally right thing. We should not make refugees immigrants.”

      This summer, a ban on face coverings was introduced and quickly nicknamed “the burqa ban” as it followed a debate on the Islamic garment seen by some as “un-Danish.” This month, Parliament is expected to pass legislation requiring immigrants who want to obtain citizenship to shake hands with officials as part of the naturalization ceremony — though some Muslims insist that they cannot shake hands with someone of the opposite sex.

      The government contends that hand shakes are “a basic Danish value.”


      https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/03/world/europe/denmark-migrants-island.html
      #Lindholm #mer_Baltique

    • La Danimarca confinerà i migranti su un’isola con gli animali infetti. Così l’Europa muore.

      C’è del marcio in Danimarca. Senza scomodare Amleto e i rimandi shakespeariani, bisogna constatare l’ennesima trovata discriminatoria quanto disumana di un Paese del “civile e ordinato” Nord Europa. Le normative internazionali non consentono l’espulsione di alcuni richiedenti asilo: secondo l’articolo 33 della Convenzione di Ginevra: “Nessuno Stato Contraente espellerà o respingerà, in qualsiasi modo, un rifugiato verso i confini di territori in cui la sua vita o la sua libertà sarebbero minacciate a motivo della sua razza, della sua religione, della sua cittadinanza, della sua appartenenza a un gruppo sociale o delle sue opinioni politiche”. Tali leggi non si possono ignorare, ma evidentemente si possono aggirare. Dunque il governo danese ha pensato bene non di espellere questi immigrati, ma di relegarli su un’isola-prigione.

      Per la precisione si tratta dell’isola di Lindholm, con una superficie di sette ettari. Pressoché deserta, viene usata esclusivamente come luogo per ricerche veterinarie, e vi soggiornano diversi medici che studiano la peste suina e la rabbia canina. Adesso cani e maiali dovranno cedere il posto agli immigrati, che qualcuno, vista la deriva che sta prendendo il pianeta sotto il profilo dei diritti umani, sembra non considerare tanto dissimili.

      L’idea scellerata è della coalizione di governo che comprende i Conservatori e il Dansk Folkeparti. Quest’ultimo, il Partito popolare danese, è noto per la perenne caccia all’immigrato, tanto veemente da far sembrare Matteo Salvini un misto tra Nicola Fratoianni e il Papa. Sull’isola verrà costruito, entro il 2021, un centro di espulsione dove i migranti – un massimo di 125 persone, che hanno compiuto un reato e ai quali è stata rifiutata la richiesta d’asilo – saranno costantemente sorvegliati dalla polizia. Potranno lasciare l’isola solo dopo aver ottenuto permessi speciali, per qualche ora durante la giornata, ma con l’obbligo di tornarvi la sera. E il biglietto del traghetto dovranno pagarselo da soli, a un prezzo inaccessibile per la loro condizione economica. D’altronde, il governo non ha alcuna intenzione di ammorbidire il loro soggiorno, e lo scopo è proprio quello di non permettere loro di lasciare l’isola-prigione. Di tutti i modi escogitati per camuffare una detenzione, questo pare di certo il meno credibile.

      Suonano paradossali anche le precisazioni della sezione danese di Amnesty International, che spiega come la misura riguarderà i soli richiedenti asilo con precedenti penali. Quindi quelli che hanno già scontato una pena in una prigione reale, e che si ritroveranno nuovamente in stato di detenzione, stavolta senza colpe e senza processi, è giusto, secondo un’organizzazione che dovrebbe tutelare i diritti umani, che ne scontino una nuova. Il clima di ostilità nei confronti dei migranti è così accentuato che la misura, palesemente in conflitto con i più basilari principi di tutela delle libertà, ha generato addirittura festeggiamenti sui social. In particolare, è un video a rendere chiaro il sentimento di molti, diffuso in rete dal Dansk Folkeparti: si tratta di un cartone animato dove un uomo di colore, con abiti da musulmano, viene scaricato su un’isola deserta. Il testo di accompagnamento alle immagini recita: “Gli stranieri criminali non hanno motivo di stare in Danimarca. Finché non riusciremo a liberarcene, li trasferiremo sull’isola di Lindholm”. Come cani e maiali, appunto.

      L’isola sarà trasformata in una prigione grazie a un investimento di 100 milioni di dollari che servirà a smantellare i laboratori e le stalle dell’istituto di veterinaria e a costruire la struttura con i dormitori per gli immigrati. Sarà pronta entro il 2021, salvo improbabili ripensamenti o interventi da parte della comunità europea. Inger Støjberg, ministra dell’immigrazione in quota Venstre, partito di destra della coalizione, ha usato Facebook per lanciare un messaggio che suona come un lapidario avvertimento: “Alcuni migranti si accorgeranno di non essere i benvenuti”. In pratica la versione danese di “È finita la pacchia”.

      Già in passato la Danimarca si era distinta per il pugno duro contro i migranti, sino al punto di minare la loro libertà e addirittura privarli dei loro effetti personali. Il Parlamento danese ha infatti approvato nel 2016 una legge tesa a scoraggiare le richieste d’asilo, che conferisce alle autorità il potere di perquisire vestiti e bagagli dei migranti per confiscare beni superiori a 10mila corone (circa 1.350 euro) e usarli per contribuire al loro mantenimento. Eppure la Danimarca, così come gran parte dei paesi del Nord Europa e tutta l’area scandinava, viene dipinta come l’espressione massima del “Paese civile”. Questa definizione a quanto pare si riferisce all’ordine e alla pulizia di una nazione, mentre si chiudono entrambi gli occhi sulle politiche disumane e dal sapore fascista – dove “ordine e pulizia” assumono un altro significato.

      Il governo, intanto, continua a ripetere che quella che verrà realizzata non sarà una prigione, perché non ci saranno vere e proprie celle. Si potrebbe comunque fare un paragone con il regime carcerario, considerando le condizioni nelle quali verseranno gli “ospiti” dell’isola. I danesi hanno probabilmente preso spunto dalla politica sull’immigrazione australiana. L’isola di Nauru, nell’Oceano Pacifico, è il luogo dove il governo “scarica” i richiedenti asilo: per dirla alla Toninelli, i migranti restano a Nauru “per mesi, al massimo anni”. Ci sono intere famiglie, bambini che vengono seguiti dalla polizia anche quando vanno a scuola, mentre gli adulti vengono vessati quotidianamente dalle guardie e vivono in condizioni precarie. Il Guardian Australia ha denunciato abusi su minori e violenze sessuali sulle donne. Ovviamente, in Italia, c’è chi ha lodato il No Way australiano e la detenzione dei migranti a Nauru. È un politico di spicco. Sì, proprio lui.

      Matteo Salvini, durante lo stallo della nave Diciotti, ha dichiarato: “Il mio obiettivo è il No Way australiano. Nessun migrante soccorso in mare mette piede in Australia”. Nel 2015, sulla sua pagina Facebook, si era spinto oltre, parlando proprio di Nauru: “In Australia per me fanno bene! Che dite, affittiamo un’isola anche noi?”. Salvini, invece di gongolare di fronte alle sirene australiane e danesi, dovrebbe semplicemente ripassare la nostra storia. Mandare al confino gli “indesiderati”, cacciandoli su un’isola per allontanarli dalla civiltà, era una prerogativa di Mussolini. Forse il ministro dell’Interno non ha mai sentito parlare di Ventotene o delle isole Tremiti.

      Dopo le leggi speciali del 1926, gli individui ritenuti pericolosi per lo Stato e per l’ordine pubblico venivano spediti in queste isole. È bene sottolineare che, quasi cento anni fa, venivano considerati pericolosi anche gli omosessuali, gli avversari politici, i credenti di fede diversa, come i testimoni di Geova, o i lettori di libri considerati sovversivi. Durante il fascismo vennero emesse 12mila ordinanze dalle commissioni Provinciali, e le isole si riempirono. Una volta giunti in quei luoghi, ai confinati venivano sottratti i documenti personali, non potevano interagire con gli isolani o superare zone di confine sorvegliate da guardie armate. Sulla carta era vietato anche ascoltare la radio o parlare di politica, mentre era permesso l’invio di una sola lettera alla settimana, non più lunga di 24 righe. Da Ventotene passò anche Sandro Pertini, che poi divenne uno dei più amati presidenti della Repubblica. Quando Salvini si lancia in azzardati inviti ad affittare isole, ricordiamoci quanto ci hanno trasmesso i libri di storia.

      È proprio per la memoria storica ancora pulsante, da preservare il più a lungo possibile, che proposte come quella del governo danese dovrebbero mettere in allarme le democrazie europee, che sono sotto attacco anche per questo e non solo per gli attacchi terroristici di individui radicalizzati e riempiti di odio esattamente come i sostenitori di simili politiche.

      Nessun uomo è un’isola, scriveva il poeta John Donne. Rivisitando i suoi versi, auspichiamo “nessun uomo su un’isola”, se viene intesa come prigionia e azzeramento dei diritti fondamentali dell’uomo. Che sia in Danimarca, nel profondo Sud dell’Oceania o in qualche nostalgia malsana di un politico nostrano che strizza troppo spesso l’occhio a un passato nero che non dovrebbe ripetersi.

      https://thevision.com/politica/danimarca-migranti-isolamento

  • #Birmanie. Les #Rohingyas sont victimes d’un génocide selon l’ONU

    Un rapport des Nations unies accuse les généraux birmans de commettre un génocide contre la minorité musulmane du pays. 700 000 Rohingyas ont fui vers le Bangladesh depuis l’an dernier.

    https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/birmanie-les-rohingyas-sont-victimes-dun-genocide-selon-lonu
    #Rohingya #génocide #mots #terminologie #ONU #Myanmar #minorités

    v. le #rapport :

    Report of the Independent International Fact - Finding Mission on Myanmar

    The Mission concluded, given these considerations on the inference of genocidal intent, that there is sufficient information to warrant the investigation and prosecution of s enior officials in the Tatmadaw chain of command, so that a competent court can determine their liability for genocide in relation to the situation in Rakhine State.

    https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/HRCouncil/FFM-Myanmar/A_HRC_39_64.pdf?smid=nytcore-ios-share

    cc @reka

  • #Rohingya crisis: 132 MPs across region call for Myanmar to be referred to ICC | World news | The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/aug/24/rohingya-crisis-132-mps-across-region-call-for-myanmar-to-be-referred-t

    More than 130 members of parliament, across five countries in south-east Asia, have demanded that Myanmar be investigated by the International Criminal Court (ICC), the most united condemnation from the region since the violence began against the Rohingya a year ago.

    In a joint statement released by Asean Parliamentarians for Human Rights, they called for the Myanmar military to be “brought to justice” for its “ murderous operation in Rakhine State”.

    Speaking on behalf of those 132 who had issued the statement, APHR member Charles Santiago, a Malaysian politician in the ruling coalition, said: “As Myanmar is clearly both unwilling and unable to investigate itself, we are now at a stage where the international community must step in to ensure accountability.”

    #birmanie

  • ’Lost generation’: Unicef warns on fate of Rohingya children | World news | The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/aug/23/lost-generation-unicef-warns-on-fate-of-rohingya-children

    Rohingya refugee children who lack proper education in camps in Bangladesh could become a “lost generation”, the United Nations said on Thursday, a year after Myanmar’s army began a crackdown that has forced more than 700,000 people to flee the country.

    –-------

    The Rohingya refugee crisis speaks to the worst acts of humanity | Global development | The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2018/aug/22/rohingya-refugee-crisis-speaks-worst-acts-humanity-myanmar-bangladesh

    More than 700,000 Rohingya have fled to Bangladesh from Myanmar in the past year. It is vital we don’t forget them

    #birmani #rohingyas

  • La prison de Birmingham « déprivatisée » en urgence Estelle Piaton - 20 Aout 2018 - Le Figaro

    http://www.lefigaro.fr/international/2018/08/20/01003-20180820ARTFIG00221-la-prison-de-birmingham-deprivatisee-en-urgence.p

    Après une inspection intensive, le gouvernement britannique a décidé lundi de reprendre la gestion d’une prison anglaise, jusqu’à présent assurée par la société de sécurité privée G4S, accusée d’avoir négligé le bien-être des détenus et des employés.

    Le ministère britannique de la Justice a décidé lundi que le gouvernement reprendra à l’entreprise privée G4S la gestion de la prison HMP de Birmingham (centre de l’Angleterre), trouvée dans un état dramatique, lors de la dernière inspection effectuée entre le 30 juillet et le 9 août.

    Aussitôt interrogé par la Radio BBC, Peter Clarke, le chef inspecteur des prisons, a confirmé que l’état de la prison s’était complètement détérioré depuis l’an dernier, et a parlé de violence, de drogues et du cruel manque d’hygiène au sein de l’établissement qui accueillait le mois dernier 1 269 détenus au total. Il a ajouté n’avoir « jamais vu une prison dans un tel état » de toute sa carrière. Selon le journal The Independent, le comité de surveillance indépendant avait déjà mis en lumière par le passé de sérieux problèmes de circulation de substances psychoactives, de surpopulation carcérale et d’insalubrité extrême. Les rats et cafards se promenaient au pied des prisonniers, et les couloirs étaient maculés de sang et de vomi, le tout enfumé par l’odeur de cannabis.

    Le gouvernement prend ainsi le contrôle de la prison dite de « catégorie B », pour une durée de 6 mois minimum, avant de renégocier la délégation. Sa première initiative a été de transférer plus de 300 prisonniers vers d’autres centres, en vue de soulager la pression sur les surveillants pénitentiaires. Le contrat signé pour 15 ans par la société G4S en 2011, qui leur confiait l’administration de l’établissement, est donc rompu bien avant la fin de son terme.

    Le secrétaire d’État aux prisons Rory Stewart a reconnu à la chaîne de télévision Sky News que la situation était « inacceptable » voire « choquante ». Il a par ailleurs assuré que les frais de cette « déprivatisation » de l’établissement ne seraient pas à la charge des contribuables, mais assumés par G4S.

    Des surveillants cloîtrés dans leurs bureaux
    Certains détenus préféreraient toutefois rester dans leurs cellules, d’après The Guardian, et des surveillants pénitentiaires, effrayés par la violence d’autres condamnés, choisiraient de se cloîtrer dans leurs bureaux. Le plus alarmant, c’est leur « quasi-impunité », a souligné Peter Clarke sur la BBC.

    Construit en 1849, le centre pénitentiaire de Birmingham, exclusivement masculin et à la capacité globale de 1 450 détenus, avait également fait l’objet d’une importante émeute en 2016 et avait été qualifié de « prison la plus violente du pays ». Plus récemment, la presse britannique diffusait la photo de 9 véhicules, dont quelques voitures d’inspecteurs, brûlés dans le parking situé à l’extérieur de la prison de Birmingham.

    Lancée dans les années 1990, la politique d’investissement dans le secteur privé concernant le système pénitentiaire risque avec ce scandale et ces mesures drastiques d’être remise en question dans le pays.

    #prison #nationalisation #violence #angleterre #G4S #Birmingham #rats #cafards

  • Chèr·es tou·tes,

    j’ai donc fait un peu d’ordre et mis les liens et textes à la bonne place.

    J’essaie de faire une petite #métaliste des listes.

    #métaliste
    #ONG #sauvetage #Méditerranée #asile #migrations #réfugiés #mourir_en_mer #sauvetages

    En général, quelques autres liens à droite et à gauche à retrouver avec les tags #Méditerranée #ONG #sauvetage :
    https://seenthis.net/recherche?recherche=%23ong+%23m%C3%A9diterran%C3%A9e+%23sauvetage

    Et un résumé + vidéos de SOS Méditerranée sur les 5 ans d’atteinte au #droit_maritime :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/780857

    cc @reka @isskein

  • #Birmanie : nouveaux détails sur les responsables des massacres de #Rohingya
    https://www.lemonde.fr/asie-pacifique/article/2018/06/27/birmanie-nouveaux-details-sur-les-responsables-des-massacres-de-rohingya_532

    Les nouveaux travaux, publiés l’un mardi 26 juin par Reuters et l’autre mercredi 27 par Amnesty, montrent comment des unités connues pour leur particulière brutalité lors de campagnes précédentes dans des régions en proie à des insurrections armées, en particulier dans l’Etat Kachin dans le Nord birman, ont été envoyées dès le début du mois d’août 2017 dans l’Arakan.

    Des centaines de soldats de deux groupes d’infanterie légère, les 33e et 99e divisions, avaient été déployés au moins deux semaines avant que ne débute le massacre de ceux que les Birmans qualifient de « Bengalis », les assimilant à des étrangers. Ainsi, l’agence de presse Reuters a-t-elle trouvé des posts et photos sur Facebook d’un lieutenant, Kyi Nyan Lynn, prenant l’avion puis atterrissant à Sittwe, la capitale régionale, le 10 août. « Ecrase les kalar, l’ami », commente un des contacts du soldat, en référence au surnom péjoratif donné aux Rohingya. « Je le ferai », répond-il. « S’ils sont bengalis, ils seront tués » écrit le soldat de 24 ans, le lendemain.

    Les éléments récoltés tendent à confirmer l’envoi d’importants renforts dans la région, et donc l’intention du commandement d’y augmenter les opérations militaires. Le gouvernement civil, dont la plus importante figure est la Prix Nobel Aung San Suu Kyi même si elle n’a aucun contrôle sur l’armée, précisait alors que ces renforts visaient à apporter « paix, stabilité et sécurité ».