#g

Japanese Red Army - FIlms
▻https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_Red_Army

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Sekigun – PFLP. Sekai Sensō Sengen, Red Army – PFLP: Declaration of World War, 1971, shot on location in Lebanon, produced by Kōji Wakamatsu. Patricia Steinhoff translates its title Manifesto for World Revolution which makes perhaps more sense. A propaganda film for the Red Army sympathisers in Japan.

One of the people showing the film around Japan with the producer was Mieko Toyama, a close friend of Fusako Shigenobu. She was murdered in the winter training camp massacre.

Jitsuroku Rengō Sekigun, Asama sansō e no michi, United Red Army (The Way to Asama Mountain Lodge), 2007, shows the horrors of the United Red Army winter camp, but also the history of the militant Japanese student movement. See also United Red Army (film)
Suatu Ketika... Soldadu Merah (Once Upon A Time... Red Soldier), an 8 episode Malaysian TV drama series based on the Japanese Red Army attack in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 1975. Produced by NSK Productions (Malaysia), the series was shot in 2009 and currently airs on Malaysia’s local cable channel, ASTRO Citra 131. Read Hostage Drama article by TheStar newspapers.
In 2010, Fusako Shigenobu and Masao Adachi were featured in the documentary Children of the Revolution, which tells the story of Shigenobu and the Japanese Red Army through the eyes of Mei Shigenobu.
In the 2010 French-German TV Film Carlos, members of the Japanese Red Army feature when they stormed the French Embassy in The Hague and associating with the PFLP and the German Revolutionary Cells.
The 2011 Bangladeshi film The Young Man Was, Part 1: United Red Army by visual artist Naeem Mohaiemen is about the 1977 hijacking of JAL 472 and the subsequent consequences inside Bangladesh.
Rabih El-Amine’s documentary Ahmad the Japanese, Lod-Roumié-Tokyo made in 1999 tells Okamoto’s story from the perspective of five major personalities that knew him in Beirut.
Philippe Grandrieux and Nicole Brenez’s documentary Masao Adachi. Portrait – First episode of the collection The Beauty May Have Strengthened Our Resoluteness, 2012, shot on location in Tokyo, which tells the daily life of Adachi and his reminiscences.

#Japon #Liban #histoire #terrorisme #gauchisme #cinéma

Last Stand: The Hostage Crisis That Ended Japan’s Red Army
▻https://unseen-japan.com/red-army-asama-sanso-lodge

https://unseen-japan.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/asama-lodge.jpg

The disintegration of a far-left paramilitary group led to a standoff that was watched on live TV by 90% of the country - and that changed Japanese politics for decades.

It was February 19th, 1972. Muta Yasuko, wife of the caretaker of the Asama-Sanso lodge near Karuizawa, Nagano Prefecture, was terrified.

She lay against a wall, her hands and legs tied. Five ragged men ransacked the lodge whose upkeep she had put so much work into. They ripped up the tatami flooring and upended the furniture, using every available item to barricade the doors and windows. One of the intruders had commented on the copious foodstuffs found in the lodge’s pantry. It was clear they were here for the long term.

Twenty-five-year-old Bando Kunio had taken on the most active role amongst the bunch. He had been relieved to find no one else in the lodge.

He and the four others were members of Japan’s violent far-left radical student group, the recently-christened United Red Army.

Table of Contents

The Crisis Begins
An attempt at glory goes wrong
The Battle Intensifies
Psychological warfare
The Last Stand
The end of the assault
The Fall of the Red Army
Proper punishments?
The fate of the hostage
The end of the URA…and the beginning of the JRA
Next In This Series
Previously In This Series
Sources

The Crisis Begins

Their organization had been born in the heady and chaotic days of the late 1960s. Students were enraged by curtailments on the new democratic rights granted to Japanese citizens following World War II. They were further frustrated by Japan’s tacit involvement in American-led imperialistic military action in Vietnam and other parts of the world.

Hundreds of thousands of young Japanese university students had taken to the streets. At first, there was mass support from the Japanese population for these large-scale protests. But as violence rose, the police cracked down, and many far-left student groups were pushed underground.

The Red Army Faction was the URA’s parent organization and the brainchild of the international revolution-minded Shiomi Takaya. It had made a name for itself by attacking police officers. The group also committed Japan’s first airline hijacking, commandeering a Japan Airlines flight and forcing it to fly to North Korea.

Notoriety led to greater police surveillance and rounds of arrests. Soon, the Red Army Faction found itself left in the hands of hapless member Mori Tsuneo. A need for weapons led Mori to merge his crew with a separate group led by the sadistic Nagata Hiroko.

Their new joint group, the United Red Army, experienced growing pains. One of the Mori’s best and brightest, Shigenobu Fusako, left Japan to form an international terrorist wing of the Red Army in Lebanon.

Back in Japan, Mori and Nagata convened a training camp for their radicals at an isolated cabin in the depths of the snowy mountains of Gunma Prefecture. He chose the location partially to hide out from police. There, amidst the heightened emotions and intensive rhetoric of self-criticism, meant to inspire revolutionary zeal, something unbelievably grotesque had occurred.
Murder and flight

The gathered United Red Army members committed a heinous and horrific purge of their membership. They tortured and killed twelve of the twenty-nine individuals there assembled. With their comrades now buried in cold, shallow graves, the surviving core membership of the Red Army had fled the encroaching police, taking flight into the mountain passes on foot.

Bando’s crew included Sakaguchi Hiroshi. Sakaguchi was the recently spurned husband of United Red Army leader Nagata. She had just announced her intended marital union with her co-leader, Mori, only days before the two were arrested attempting to link up the rest of their fleeing entourage.

There were also the two surviving Kato brothers. Both had participated in the murder of their older brother in the URA bloody purge. They split off from the rest of the fleeing URA survivors as they neared the border with Nagano Prefecture.

The police had been close behind. Bando and Sakaguchi had spied officers clambering through the snow in the pass below them and had unloaded bullets in their direction before continuing their flight.
A Fateful Decision

Nearing the mountain resort town of Karuizawa, Bando had thought to steal a car at gunpoint. But the sight of a strange, almost fortress-like building had changed his mind.

When he and his men had entered the three-storied, arrow-shaped lodge and discovered only Mrs. Muta to be present, Bando made up his mind. There could be no better spot for a last stand than a fortified building clinging to the side of a mountain which, like some medieval castle, commanded the heights.

In the valley below, the police amassed. The officers they had shot at had called in reinforcements. The revolutionaries’ intrusion into the lodge had not gone unnoticed.

Unknown to Bando or his crew, the leaders of their movement had just been arrested in Gunma. And police had apprehended four of their fellow escapees at a nearby train station. The stench and bedraggled appearance of the rugged radicals had caused a newspaper stand owner to connect the dots to the stories in the papers she sold. The police arrived shortly after she called them.

The First Victim

Back at the Asama-Sanso lodge, tensions were rising. There were now well over a thousand specialized riot police who had gathered at the scene. They stood in long, dark rows, the black of their helmets and flack jackets contrasting with the white snow.

Armored trucks had managed to snake their way up the mountain path as well, creating a natural barrier behind which the police could take cover. They stationed sharpshooters on the ridges. Other cops set up roadblocks to prevent any possible escape.

Then there were the news crews, covering what was becoming an unbelievable story. The images they streamed into Japanese living rooms almost non-stop would go on to have great effects on Japanese society. Some cultural critics think that iconic images of the waiting riot police slurping down instant ramen helped popularize it as an emergency foodstuff.

Occasionally, gunfire would ring out from the lodge as the police encroached too near. The hostage’s husband watched it all with mounting anxiety. He had been out showing the lodge guests around at the time when the United Red Army had chosen his hotel to make their last stand.

He worried for his anemic wife. And he begged time and again to the police to let him switch places with her. But the radicals in the lodge never responded.
An attempt at glory goes wrong

The unchanging monotony of the standoff was soon shattered. Tanaka Yasuhiro, a young snack bar owner from neighboring Niigata Prefecture, had been moved by the near-constant media coverage of the ongoing hostage crisis.

Inspired in a way that seemed almost manic, he made his way to the scene. There, he attempted to push his way through the police line. The police, of course, would have none of this civilian interference and arrested him.

But when he was released later that day, Tanaka simply decided to try a different method. Climbing the slopes north of the lodge, he ran onto the scene. Somehow, he managed to sprint through police barricades before they could stop him. He bore with him a bento box, perhaps hoping to open a line of communication with the radicals by ingratiating himself with them.

Alas, he had seriously misread the situation. As he tried to push the box through a small opening into the building, a shot rang out. He staggered backward.

The hostage-takers had shot him in the head.

The injury proved fatal. Tanaka, who had perhaps dreamed of somehow becoming a hero, instead became the first casualty of the Asama-Sanso Incident.

The Battle Intensifies

On the third day of the hostage crisis, February 21st, the police were becoming anxious. They’d made little progress. The radicals had managed to kill one manic civilian and shoot two police officers non-fatally. The entire Japanese public was watching, waiting for them to act.

Authorities cut the lodge’s heat and water, which had formerly been left on for the sake of the comfort of the hostage. As the interior of the lodge became more frigid and inhospitable, the parents of some of the radicals were brought in. (Unknown at the time was that the child of one of these parents had already been killed in the purge). The parents, horrified by what their progeny were engaged in, used loudspeakers to implore their children to come to their senses. No response was forthcoming.

On the fourth day, the police used force. Two armored vehicles moved in on the lodge. Police crouched behind them and fired tear gas through the building’s windows. The hostage-takers, holding rags to their mouths, fired at the police. They took cover as bullets whizzed by and ricocheted off their vehicles.

Psychological warfare

The police backed off. But by night they began employing a new tactic: psychological warfare. Loudspeakers blared disturbing noise, preventing sleep. Recorded sounds of chainsaws, protests, sirens, and more.

The sounds would persist and then suddenly stop, only to start up again once enough time had passed to allow the targets to perhaps drift to sleep. (This sort of sleep torture is reportedly still being used as a Japanese police interrogation method. That may help explain high conviction rates in the country). Later, they employed floodlights to turn the night skies to day and a baseball pitching machine that would pelt rocks at the building to keep the occupiers from getting any rest.

The next morning, untimely winds that blew away smoke screen cover foiled an attempted invasion by a brigade of policemen. They switched out their initial plan for one in which they aimed high-powered water hoses at the living quarters of the lodge. The jets of water burst forth, smashing through windows, knocking over barricades, and inundating the rooms.

Tear gas canisters followed. The noxious fumes pushed the hijackers deeper into the recesses of the building.

As night fell and the water inside the lodge froze solid, the assault of sound and noise began again.

The Last Stand

Finally, the morning dawned on February 28th, the tenth day of the hostage situation. The loudspeakers blared a few final pleas to the radicals to lay down their arms. As always, there was no response.

Ambulances arrived at the scene in preparation for what was about to ensue. Police piled protective sandbags had been piled high into the air. They also strung a net in front of the building entrance to prevent the throwing of grenades from within the lodge.

At last, the final order came in. The assault commenced.

As the police approached, the radicals let loose a volley of bullets. The police took cover as water jets were shot back into the building.

Next came the wrecking crew. They moved a crane laboriously into position and swung its wrecking ball directly at the entrance of the building, completely demolishing it.

Other police leaped forward with chains and hacksaws, creating openings in the lower floors. A special police task force brought up from Tokyo entered through the newly made openings. They faced no opposition on the first, ruined floor.

As the Tokyo police made their way to the stairs, a shot rang out from above, though not aimed at them. One of the radicals had spotted a police superintendent in the valley below who had been motivating his men from outside of cover. The revolutionaries had shot him squarely in the eye. The United Red Army had killed its first police officer.

As the officers inside the lodge cleared the second floor and ascended to the third, another officer was shot dead as he peered around a corner. His fellows now un-holstered their guns.
The end of the assault

The assault had now lasted five long hours. In homes across Japan, viewers sat on the edges of their seats, awestruck at the country’s first-ever marathon live television broadcast. By 6:26 PM, viewership rankings for the broadcast would reach an unheard-of 89.7% of houses with televisions. The entire country stood in rapt attention.

A handmade incendiary exploded near the invading police, injuring over ten of them, although not fatally. Finally, the officers on the top floor breached the last of the barricades and apprehended one of the Kato brothers.

The remaining four radicals were buried under a pile of protective futons in the final room, still brandishing weapons. As the police approached them, Bando shot the closest officer in the eye. The man staggered over, but incredibly, he would survive. In the chaos, the other police leaped at the radicals.

When the dust had settled, all five hostage-takers were in handcuffs. The siege of Asama-Sanso had ended. Muta Yasuko had been saved.

The Fall of the Red Army

So ended the dark saga of the United Red Army. The organization spawned by the mind of the founder of its parent organization, Shiomi Takaya, would cease to plague Japan.

By the time the bodies of the twelve purged youth had been discovered at the foothills of the mountains in Gunma, popular sentiment in Japan had been turned away not only from violent activists, but also from political activism in general. The JAL hijacking, the purges, the siege of Asama-Sanso – all shook Japan to its core. It was clear that there would be a great deal of soul-searching in the offing.

Japan’s Minister of Education spoke up following the disinterment of the bodies. He harshly criticized the teachers and professors of Japan for failing their youth by creating a system in which such violence had been allowed to fester. Universities were no longer to be a place of radicalization. Rather, they were to take their intended form as a stepping stone to careers and life employment within the ordered system of Japanese society.

Proper punishments?

In the eyes of the public, the judicial sentencing that soon followed for the radical perpetrators of these crimes befitted the evil that had occurred. Nagata, Mori, and Sakaguchi were all sentenced to death. Mori committed suicide a year later, strangling himself with a bed sheet in his prison cell.

The other two had trials and appeals that continued for decades and held off their final days of judgment. Nagata passed away of brain cancer while still imprisoned in 2011, four decades after she led her grisly purge. Her husband, Sakaguchi, remains alive. As of 2019, he is still awaiting execution.

Bando Kunio, who led the five invaders into the Asama-Sanso lodge, and who killed a policeman in the ensuing battle, was spared death. But he still received an extremely long jail sentence. His father, upon seeing confirmation that his son had been one of the hostage-takers on TV, immediately committed suicide. Despite his jail sentence, Bando’s days in the revolutionary field were far from over.

The fate of the hostage

The hostage from the Siege of the Asama-Sanso Lodge, Muta Yasuko, returned to her daily life. Her captivity granted her national fame. Her picture had been broadcast innumerable times during the event. And she broke the previous modern Japanese record for hours taken hostage many times over.

However, she declined all requests for interviews after her initial rescue. She claimed her captors had treated her kindly, despite tying her to a bed. One had even given her an omamori, a temple charm, that he said would help keep her safe.

The end of the URA…and the beginning of the JRA

With the vast majority of their core membership dead or imprisoned, and having lost even an ounce of public support, the United Red Army ceased to exist. Japan’s police force was increasingly militarized, skilled, and vigilant. With no public backing, groups like the URA could no longer functionally operate in Japan.

After twenty years, the mass student movement in Japan had come to a horrifying, distressing end. The youth of Japan remain apathetic to politics. Their civic engagement remains low. The shock caused by the URA is just one among many phenomena that led to these trends. But it’s one that’s hard to ignore.

And yet, despite all this, the movement that began with the Red Army Faction had not yet been snuffed out. In faraway Lebanon, Shigenobu Fusako was still fighting for her cause, more passionate than ever. Soon she would have a small militia of hardened, trained revolutionaries to call her own.

Escaping the chaos and self-destruction of the United Red Army in Japan, Shigenobu was about to emblazon the name of her movement across the world. She would do so by turning to terrorism of a type her revolutionary brothers and sisters back in Japan could barely imagine. For the next two decades, she would make the imperialist world fear the name of the Japanese Red Army.

Sources

Steinhoff, Patricia G. “Hijackers, Bombers, and Bank Robbers: Managerial Style in the Japanese Red Army.” The Journal of Asian Studies, vol. 48, no. 4, 1989, pp. 724–740.

Farrell, William R. “Blood and Rage: The Story of the Japanese Red Army.” Lexington Books, 1990.

「山岳ベース事件」。フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』。▻https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/山岳ベース事件

「あさま山荘事件」。フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』。▻https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/あさま山荘事件

#Japon #histoire #terrorisme #gauchisme

Shigenobu Fusako, Japanese Red Army Leader, to be Released from Prison this Month – About That Life in JAPAN
▻https://aboutthatlife.jp/shigenobu-fusako-japanese-red-army-leader-to-be-released-from-prison-t

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As May of 2022 dawns, Shigenobu Fusako – former leader of the now-defunct international Japanese Red Army – is closer to freedom than ever before.

Shigenobu was first detained some twenty-one years ago, in November of 2000. By that point, she’d been on the run from Japanese and international authorities for decades, having spent years in hideouts around the Middle East. Shigenobu’s sudden arrest in Osaka, where she’d lived after entering the country using a fake passport, was major news; after all, Shigenobu had been the elusive international face of Japan’s most infamous terrorist group.

The Japanese Red Army had gone quiet after 1988, following one last bombing attack on a USO club, which killed five; in that same month, JRA operative Kikumura Yu had been arrested on the New Jersey Turnpike, the trunk of his rental car full of explosives. Since then, the once-prolific terrorist group had faded from world headlines. Then, in 2000, Shigenobu Fusako – the “mistress of mayhem” – was suddenly back in the public spotlight.

Now, after two decades in a Tokyo prison, Shigenobu is set to be quietly released, whereupon she will be able to live a free life in her home country for the first time since the 1970s. Her release is scheduled for May 28th.

For a more detailed take on Shigenou’s history, watch our video on her creation of the international JRA and the Lod Massacre.

Shigenobu Fusako: “Mistress of Mayhem”

Shigenobu came of age during the tumultuous post-war years in Japan. A time of great change, the 1950s and 1960s saw a massive surge in public participation in protest culture against the Japanese state. While publically popular among various demographics, the beating heart of this movement was found on college campuses. Major rallying points included opposition to the US-Japan Joint Security Treaty (AMPO), the Vietnam War, and Okinawa’s then-ongoing occupation by the US military.

By the time she was of university age, Shigenobu Fusako – socially-minded since her youth – came under the influence of radical student leftist Shiomi Takaya, then-leader of the Red Army Faction. Shiomi’s RAF was on the violent fringe of the mass student leftist movement of the 1960s and 70s. She quickly rose to become the only woman on the Red Army Faction’s Central Committee. When Shiomi was imprisoned following the discovery of a plot to kidnap the prime minister, the RAF merged with another fringe group to form the United Red Army. In 1971, Shigenobu, a Shiomi disciple who believed in internationalist revolution and who disliked the direction the URA was heading, used the opportunity to flee Japan and the watchful eye of the Japanese police. Her goal was to take the pedestrian domestic actions of the Red Army in Japan global. In Lebanon, she formed the international Japanese Red Army alongside the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine.

Back in Japan, the United Red Army collapsed in a horrific fit of self-directed violence, ending with a ten-day-long standoff with police in a besieged mountainside inn. The domestic reaction to the URA self-purge and hostage situation spelled the end of popular support for the New Left in Japan. Abroad, however, Shigenobu would seemingly lead her Japanese Red Army on nearly two decades of headline-stealing mayhem: high-profile hijackings, bombings, hostage-takings, and killings. Perhaps the most infamous of these attacks was the 1972 Lod Airport Massacre; three Japanese JRA members disembarked from an Air France airplane at Israel’s Lod Airport and, wielding machine guns and grenades, began an attack that would leave 26 dead and over seventy wounded, some grievously. The majority of those killed were Christian Puerto Rican pilgrims.

A Wanted Woman

INTERPOL added Shigenobu Fusako to their wanted list following the JRA’s 1974 French Embassy attack in The Hague. From that point onwards, Shignobu was wanted by Japan, Israel, and much of the international community at large. In Japan, the JRA’s activities abroad had caused much embarrassment and stress for the government; in Israel, the Mossad wanted to track down the masterminds behind the Lod Massacre.

In Lebanon, Gaza, the West Bank, and beyond, however, Shigenobu was a hero who had put her own life at risk in order to help liberate Palestine. Despite her wanted status, Shigenobu, living out of various PFLP staging and refugee camps, continued to act as spokesman for the JRA, appearing on Arabic-language TV and in Japanese-language JRA propaganda and carefully curated media interviews. During this time she gave birth to a daughter, Shigenobu Mei, who would grow up among the refugee camps.

Indeed, Shigenobu is still hailed as a heroic revolutionary to this day within some far-left/Palestinian liberation spaces. The Japanese Red Army continued to tout itself as a group of revolutionaries, not terrorists, even as their tally of victims grew. Shigenobu Mei, Shigenobu Fusako’s daughter, is now an international journalist, working in Japanese, English, and Arabic; she speaks of the JRA in the same breath as she does Gandhi and Nelson Mandela; she insists the Lod Massacre was carried out by a separate group of Japanese leftists, [1] despite one of the three gunmen having been Okudaira Tsuyoshi – Shigenobu Fusako’s legal husband and fellow Red Army member. Testimony from arrested JRA operatives cited the embarrassment of the terrible URA purge as the inciting reason for the Lod Massacre; Shigenobu and Okudaira needed to stage an event that would prove their revolutionary bona fides and dissociate them from the URA.

While the deadly effects of the Lod Massacre were held as a mass tragedy in Puerto Rico and Israel (an annual day of mourning was even put into place by the Puerco Rican government), it was indeed seen as a great success in revolutionary circles in Japan and in much of the Arab world.

The Gendered Nature of Terrorism

Shigenobu’s public persona as the evasive public leader of the JRA resulted in peculiar associations with her image. The gendered nature of narratives on Shigenobu has been a pendulum swinging both ways; in the Japan of the 1970s, both Shigenobu and URA leader (and cold-blooded murderer) Nagata Hiroko were held up as examples of the “unnatural” place women had in far-left movements. Both were seen as cautionary tales. In Shigenobu’s case, her perceived beauty added another layer; her “dangerous woman” qualities were a subject of fascination for the male gaze, and older writings on Shigenobu would often focus on the purported “honey pot” effect she could have on potential recruits for the JRA.

On the other side of the coin, Shigenobu’s prominence as a terrorist/revolutionary in a decidedly masculine theater has also been seen as inspirational, even liberatory. In this sense, she’s often listed alongside the equally controversial likes of Palestinian hijacker and convicted terrorist Leila Khaled; in fact, the two knew each other well from their time amongst the PFLP in Lebanon.

Only a few years ago, South Korean-born, US-raised conceptual artist Anicka Yi designed a perfume in tribute to the once-leader of the JRA: Shignobu Twilight. Yi reportedly idolized Shigenobu from a young age, impressed by images of the bold revolutionary holding a machine gun. According to a website that recently sold the perfume (which was listed for $250):

“The first volume in the Biography series, Shigenobu Twilight, is inspired by Fusako Shigenobu, fabled leader of the Japanese Red Army. The perfume’s esoteric notes intimate metaphors of Shigenobu’s stateless existence, exiled in Lebanon while yearning for her native Japan. Originally designed in 2007 by Yi and architect Maggie Peng, Shigenobu Twilight has been specially reformulated for the Biography series by perfumer Barnabé Fillion.”

On the Run

Shigenobu Fusako gained an almost supernatural reputation for avoiding capture, managing to make press appearances, publish books, and raise her stateless daughter without being caught. Even though her close collaborator, Ghassan Kanafani, was killed by the Mossad in reprisal for the Lod Massacre, Shigenobu never faced imprisonment or assassination by Israel. This all occurred despite being one of the most recognizable terrorists worldwide during the 70s and 80s.

In the 1990s, as the Soviet Union fell and the PLO entered into a peace agreement with Israel, she began slipping back into Japan using forged documents. It is claimed that she did so well over a dozen times. However, reports of a woman resembling Shigenobu, whose youthful face had for so long been plastered on Japanese wanted posters, reached the Osaka police; although she hid a distinctive facial mole using makeup, her method of smoking – also considered unique – is said to have given her away. The police matched fingerprints on a cup used at a hotel where witnesses said they saw Shigenobu to help track her down.

Then, in November 2000, the police finally made their move; the arrest set off a media firestorm, and she was transported in a secured green car on the bullet train back to her native Tokyo. In 2001, while in jail awaiting trial, Shigenobu officially disbanded the Japanese Red Army. She was tried on counts of illegal confinement and conspiracy to commit murder as related to her planning of the attack in The Hauge. While the prosecution angled for a life sentence, the court eventually decided on twenty years; she was ruled guilty of providing weapons and asking the PFLP to carry out the attack in order to free imprisoned JRA members, but the exact nature of her leadership could not be ascertained. During the sentencing, the judge said:

“She sees her doctrine and assertations as absolute truths, having committed selfish criminal offensives for which she gave no mind to the danger towards the lives and bodies of so many. We can ascertain no serious remorse [from Shigenobu Fusako].”

Last Days of Imprisonment

Shigenobu’s arrest allowed her daughter to step out of the shadows; Mei obtained Japanese citizenship, and has used her status as a journalist and person of interest to push for her mother’s release. Following the conviction, Mei immediately petitioned for an appeal. This appeal was rejected by the Tokyo Higher Court in 2007; her final appeal was subsequently rejected in 2010 by the Supreme Court of Japan. An objection towards this was also thrown out.

Since that time, Shigenobu Fusako has been imprisoned, at times giving interviews in which she has expressed a certain degree of regret at JRA failures and now-outmoded methods. She is now 76 years old; letters released to the media some days ago stated that “my life after release will be filled with apologies, gratitude, rehabilitation, and fighting my illness.” She also states that she intends to live a life “full of curiosity,” and is looking forward to meeting her supporters. [2]

Ghosts of the Red Army

The release of someone like Shigenobu Fusako brings with it competing reactions. For those close to her, or those who view her actions throughout her life positively, it should be a much-delayed happy event. But for many, she is still seen as a relatively unrepentant former terrorist, someone who – although for idealistic reasons – founded a violent group that killed and harmed many. That those events took place in a completely different sociopolitical environment, and that, on the whole, the JRA’s efforts were failures that only served to cause harm and create a cycle of taking hostages to barter for the release of their own captured members, may result in some ambivalence. It all seems like something from long ago, in an era when the Soviet Union and the United States dominated the globe through Cold War politics. Yet survivors of the JRA attacks still live on, and people still miss loved ones. Many JRA members remain on the lam; their decades-old mugshots still grace wanted posters in Japanese police boxes and consulate waiting rooms.

Shigenobu Fusako’s release is yet another milestone in the now half-century-long story of the Japanese Red Army. Time will tell as to what her part in the remainder of that story will be. Her one-time mentor, Shiomi Takaya, was released from jail in late 1989; he went on to pursue a limited, unsuccessful political career within the confines of the law, doing so while holding a low-paying job as a parking lot attendant and making the rounds to discuss the nature of the Japanese New Left. He died in 2017 at age 76 – the same age his younger protegee, Shigenobu Fusako, is now.

JRA expert Patricia G. Steinhoff described Shiomi, emerging from a jail cell to begin life with a family he hardly knew, as a Rip Van Winkle (or, more fittingly, Urashima Taro). The world of New Left radicalism he’d known until his sudden arrest had disappeared during his two decades in jail. Shigenobu will also emerge into a completely new era, one even farther divorced from that in which she first came to prominence. How she will receive that world, and how that world will receive her, remains to be seen.

Sources:

[2] Kyodo. (4/27/2022). 手紙で「出所後は謝罪と闘病」　5月刑期満了の重信房子受刑者. Yahoo! News Japan.

Steinhoff, Patricia G. (1996.) Three Women Who Loved the Left: Radical Woman Leaders in the Japanese Red Army Movement. In Re-Iminaging Japanese Women.

[1] O’Hare, Liam. (14/04/2018). May Shigenobu, child of the revolution. Aljazeera.

#Japon #Liban #Palestine #histoire #terrorime #gauchisme

German colonial genocide in Namibia the #Hornkranz massacre

Introduction

On 12 April 1893, German colonial troops attacked the Nama settlement of ||Nâ‡gâs, known today as Hornkranz. Their intent was to destroy the settlement and its people, after its leader, Hendrik Witbooi, refused to sign so-called ‘protection’ treaties—tools of the German colonial administration for controlling sovereign indigenous nations and their lands. As their presence in what they declared in 1885 as ‘German Southwest Africa’ grew, the German regime was increasingly unwilling to tolerate the independence and agency exercised by Hendrik Witbooi and his clan in the face of the encroaching German empire.

In their attack on Hornkranz, the Germans wanted to both make an example of the Witbooi clan and to punish them for their defiant rejection of German rule. Curt von Francois, who led the attack, made his objective clear: ‘to exterminate the Witbooi tribe’ (Bundesarchiv, R 1001/1483, p. 46). In this premeditated act of erasure, his troops massacred almost eighty women and children before capturing another hundred, burned what remained of the settlement to the ground, and established a garrison, rendering it impossible for survivors to return.

Though the genocide of the Nama, Ovaherero and other peoples indigenous to what is now modern-day Namibia is widely recognised to have taken place between 1904 and 1908, the Nama people remember this massacre as the true first act in the genocide against them. This is substantiated not only by the clarity of the German objective to destroy the |Khowesin as a people, but also by the retrospective reading of Hornkranz as a clear precedent of the systemic tactics of dispossession and destruction that would be used by the Germans against the Nama, the Ovaherero, the San, and others in the years to come.

Outside of the descendant communities, the events at Hornkranz have until now been overlooked and underrepresented, as has the cultural significance of the settlement itself within the dominant historiography, broadly based on the German visual and narrative record. The site of the former Witbooi settlement was expropriated and today constitutes a private farm, access to which is possible only with special permission from its owner. The descendants of Hornkranz are rarely able to visit their own cultural heritage sites and commemorate the struggle of their ancestors.

The faint extant traces of the Witbooi settlement at Hornkranz can be identified today only with the guidance of the descendants and the historians that learned from them. Two plaques on the site are the only indications of the Nama presence on that land. One plaque was inaugurated by the community in 1997, the only occasion on which they were able to gather to commemorate the massacre at the site where it took place. The other plaque (date unknown) glorifies the German troops, even going so far as to include an offensive slur for the Nama; the massacre is described as a ‘battle’, conveying little of the atrocities perpetrated there.

The descendants of Hornkranz and the wider Nama community continue to struggle for justice and for opportunities to correct the historical record and tell the story of Hornkranz on their own terms. In support of their efforts to resist this erasure, we worked with descendants, who have inherited knowledge of their community’s history through oral transmission over multiple generations, to reconstruct the lost settlement and produce a new body of visual evidence about the massacre and its aftermath. Led by their testimonies, we used modelling and mapping techniques along with our own field research and a very limited archival record to situate their accounts and rematerialize Hornkranz.

Our reconstruction of the Witbooi settlement at Hornkranz aims to underscore the vitality of oral tradition in the act of reconstituting the colonial archive and testifies to the oral transmission of inherited knowledge as an ongoing act of resistance in itself.
Background

The |Khowesin (Witbooi) people, a semi-nomadic subtribe of the wider Nama peoples, settled around the perennial spring at Hornkranz in 1884-1885, the very period during which the Berlin Conference, formalising the fragmentation of Africa into colonies and protectorates, was taking place. The chief of the Witbooi clan, Hendrik Witbooi, later went on to become one of the most prominent figures of anti-colonial resistance in Southwest Africa, uniting all Nama clans and later forming a coalition with the Ovaherero to fight against the German colonial regime.

Following the establishment of their settlement in Hornkranz, the Witbooi Nama lived relatively undisturbed until 1892, when first attempts to compel Hendrik Witbooi into signing a protection treaty began. Hendrik Witbooi, aware that the true objective of the so-called ‘protection treaties’ was nothing short of subjugation, was the last leader to refuse to comply:

What are we being protected against? From what danger or difficulty, or suffering can one chief be protected by another? […] I see no truth or sense, in the suggestion that a chief who has surrendered may keep his autonomy and do as he likes.

The German attempt to secure control over the peoples inhabiting the colony and their land is manifested in their mapping efforts. The first map we found featuring Hornkranz dates to 1892, the same year that the Germans began demanding the Witbooi sign such treaties. Despite Witbooi’s refusal to sign, Hornkranz is labelled in these German maps as ‘proposed Crown Land’ already six months before the attack—the very act of cartographic representation prefiguring the expulsion and massacre to follow less than a year later.

After the Germans attacked Hornkranz, the Witboois were finally forced to concede and sign one of the protection treaties they had so long been resisting.

A decade later, in 1904, the Nama joined the Ovaherero in an anti-colonial struggle against German rule. In response, the Germans issued an extermination order against the Ovaherero and later, another against the Nama. Hendrik Witbooi died in battle on 29 October 1905. Following his death, the Nama tribes surrendered. The extermination order against the Nama was never revoked.
12 April 1893: The Attack and Aftermath

The German troops approached the settlement in the early hours of 12 April, planning to attack under the cover of night without any warning. They then split into three contingents—a recounting of this strategy is recorded in the diary of Kurd Schwabe, one of the perpetrators of the attack. Von Francois led the attack from the northern side, entering the village first, while Schwabe approached from the east.

Hendrik Witbooi, who was allegedly sitting outside of his house when he noticed the approaching troops, ordered all Nama fighters to retreat and take up defensive positions along the riverbed, where he expected the ensuing battle to take place. Instead, the German troops stopped when they reached the sleeping village and proceeded to target the defenceless population that had stayed behind. The brutality of the onslaught came as a shock to Hendrik Witbooi, who had not expected the Germans to unleash such ‘uncivilised’ tactics upon another sovereign nation.

Sixteen thousand rounds of bullets were reportedly discharged by the Germans in the span of just thirty minutes. According to the testimony of descendants and corroborated by Schwabe’s diary, some victims were burned alive in their homes.

The canisters recovered from the site during our fieldwork in September 2023 indicate where some exchange of fire may have taken place while the Witbooi fighters were retreating. While the found bullets were identified as those used by the Witbooi Nama, their location and distribution also corroborates written descriptions of the massacre unfolding in the inhabited area of the settlement, with stored ammunition exploding from inside the burning houses.

The massacre yielded 88 victims: ten men, including one of Hendrik Witbooi’s sons, and 78 women and children.

The following day, the German troops returned to raze what remained of the settlement to the ground. Promptly after, a garrison was established on the ashes of the Witbooi settlement, reinforcing the Germans’ clear intention to claim the land and prevent the Witboois from ever returning.

Over the next year, the Witbooi Nama made several attempts to return to Hornkranz, resulting in four more skirmishes on the site. Eventually, they were forced to sign a protection treaty in Naukluft in August 1894, which cemented the dispossession of their land.

The treaty meant that the Witbooi Nama were now obliged to assist the Schutztruppen in their battles against other tribes, most devastatingly at the Battle of Waterberg in August 1904 (see our Phase 1 investigation of this event). Once the Nama realised the true genocidal intent of the Schutztruppen, they united with the Ovaherero against colonial rule. The extermination order against the Nama was issued on 22 April 1905.

After the genocidal war ended in 1908, Hornkranz was sold off to a private owner and a police station was established on its premises. Today, the police station building is the main farmhouse.

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Nama descendants are seeking to establish the 1893 massacre as the first act of genocide against the Nama, and 12 April as the official Genocide Remembrance Day in Namibia.

This investigation—part of a larger collaboration between Forensic Architecture, Forensis, Nama Traditional Leaders Association (NTLA) and Ovaherero Traditional Authority (OTA)—seeks to support the community’s broader efforts to make the site accessible for commemoration and preservation.

Methodology
What Remains

Little material evidence of Hornkranz survives today. This is in part due to the scale and totality of destruction by the Germans; but it is also a testament to the Witbooi’s steadfast resistance to being documented by the colonial regime, as well as to the light footprint the Nama exerted on the land through their semi-nomadic inhabitation and subsistence. The archival record about the Witbooi and Hornkranz is also sparse and skewed. Alongside an incomplete and biased colonial description of the massacre and the settlement, the only visual representation of Hornkranz on record is a soldier’s crude sketch showing its houses set alight by the German troops on the night of the massacre. The memory of Hornkranz as it was at the time of the attack lives on instead through the descendant communities who have inherited the testimonies of their forebearers about its material culture, rituals, life and environmental practices; our reconstruction and understanding of Hornkranz is possible only insofar as we are led by their testimonies.

Around the rectangular patch where Hendrik Witbooi’s house once stood, Maboss Ortman and Lazarus Kairabeb, NTLA advisors, identified stones they said are the ruins of the house. Right next to it is the only stone foundation in the settlement, that of a church still under construction at the time of the German assault. These two traces anchored us spatially when we began the 3D reconstruction. We were told by Zak Dirkse, a Nama historian, that Hendrik Witbooi’s house was located higher up in the settlement, with the other houses further down toward the river.

https://content.forensic-architecture.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/13_Chiefs-House-768x320.png

The other remains and known landmarks of the original Hornkranz settlement help us to navigate it and determine its approximate boundaries. During our visit to the site, the farm owner pointed us to a long strip of clustered stones he explained were the remains of the settlement’s defensive walls, some 300 metres north-west of the church ruins. To the south, by the river, the settlement’s former cemetery is marked by the spread of small rectangular cut stones marking each grave. Further along the river, Maboss and Lazarus showed us the remains of two defensive ramparts, guard outposts downhill from the settlement on its outer edges. They recounted that these ramparts were identifiable to the Witbooi from a distance by a white cornerstone that stands out among the brown stones the rest of the rampart is made of. The ramparts are placed along the hill leading down to the river and would have had a wide lookout view. A few steps to the west of one of the ramparts, we found what brought the Witbooi to this area, a rare perennial spring, which acted not only as a fresh water source for the village, but as a lifeline to the fauna and flora on which the Witbooi relied to survive. Since the early 20th century, this spring has been surrounded to its north by a concrete dam. By establishing this constellation of remains and landmarks, we were able to clarify the approximate outer edges of the settlement.

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Reconstruction

To reconstruct the Hornkranz settlement, departing from the few architectural landmarks at our disposal, we replicated the architecture of each house and the elements of family life around it, estimated the area of inhabitation within the settlement, and constructed possible layouts of house distribution within the settlement. This reconstruction was led by the close guidance of descendants of the Witbooi we met with in Gibeon, the expertise of Nama historian Zak Dirkse, and the feedback of the Witbooi Royal House council, the representative body of the Witbooi Nama. Our model represents the most comprehensive visual reconstruction of the Witbooi settlement to date.

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Architecture of the Settlement

Houses in Hornkranz consisted mostly of round domed huts, between four and five metres in diameter, and constructed with cladding made out of reed mat or a mix of animal dung and clay. Zak explained that these huts would have been constructed on a light foundation made up of the same dung and clay mixture spread on the ground. A central pole would act as the main structural pillar on which the reed mats would rest. According to members of the Witbooi descendants, alongside these huts there would have been other houses built of stone, like that of Hendrik Witbooi. Descendants also explained that houses typically had two entrances opposite one another and positioned on an east-west axis with the main entrance facing east.

Working with the community descendants and Zak, we used 3D modelling software to reconstruct what a typical family home would have looked like. We were told that outside the houses, many families would have had a round kraal lined with a light wooden fence where they kept smaller livestock. Close to the main entrance, they would also have had a fireplace and a simple wooden rack to hang and dry meat. The main kraal of the settlement was near the chief’s house, where a separate storage hut also stood.

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The light environmental trace of the Nama, the German colonial army’s obliteration of the settlement, the failure of subsequent administrations to engage in preservation efforts, and the conversion of the land into a private farm all make it difficult to locate definitive traces of the layout and location of homes based on what little remains at the modern-day site. Nevertheless, by closely reading the texture of the ground, we found possible traces of cleared, round areas surrounded by larger rocks, and noted areas of sparse vegetation growth, a potential indicator of the impact of the huts’ clay-dung foundations. We marked five possible sites where Witbooi homes might have stood.

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Zak explained that a defensive wall would have flanked the settlement along its more vulnerable northern and eastern fronts. We studied the contours of the landscape to estimate, based on the presence of limited remains, how the wall might have cut through the landscape. We estimate that the eastern wall may have been constructed along the peak of the hill to the settlement’s east, given its optical reach and defensive position.

https://content.forensic-architecture.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/21_Wall-Estimate-768x320.png

Area of Inhabitation

To estimate the area of inhabitation and the settlement’s population, we studied the remaining ruins of the settlement, the terrain of the landscape, and the land’s geological features.

Houses, we were told, would have been built on flatter ground. We used a 12.5 metre resolution digital elevation model (DEM) to build the terrain in our 3D model and further analysed it in geographic information system (GIS) software. From the DEM, we extracted the contour lines of the landscape and conducted a slope analysis, which calculates the percentage of slope change in the settlement. Analysis of the contours and the areas of low slope help to define the curvature of the settlement’s inhabitation.
Contour Analysis - 1 metre contours of the site of Hornkranz derived from a digital elevation model (DEM). (Forensic Architecture/Forensis)

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We then traced and excluded uninhabitable geological features from the area of potential inhabitation, including bodies of water and large embedded rock formations. Together, the land’s features, its topography, and our estimated location of the defensive wall help establish where people may have lived.

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Layout of Hornkranz

Building on the traces of potential houses we previously identified within the landscape and the descendant’s description of the settlement, we were able to algorithmically model potential layouts of the settlement. We used the 3D procedural modelling software application Houdini to design an algorithm that would generate possible layouts of the settlement according to a set of rules, including our defined area of potential inhabitation and the approximate space each household would need for its family life (which we approximate to be a radius of 10 metres). The rules fed to the algorithm were that the houses had to be at least 20 metres apart, each house was approximately 5 metres in size, and there were sixty houses in total with a deviation of +/- ten houses.

According to the Hornkranz descendants, there would have been around four to six people per household. With an average of five people per household, we estimate the population to be around 300 people per household.
Number of inhabitants

The exact population size of Hornkranz at the time of the attack is not known. Sources provide estimates ranging from 250 up to nearly one thousand inhabitants.

In addition to the members of the |Khowesin Nama clan, Hendrik Witbooi also gathered followers from other clans at Hornkranz, including the ǀAixaǀaen (Afrikaner Oorlams), ǁKhauǀgoan (Swartbooi Nama), Khaiǁkhaun (Red Nation Nama) and ǂAonin (Topnaar Nama). Indeed, the various Nama subtribes were elastic social entities.

We estimated the 1893 population of Hornkranz by referencing the reported number of individuals killed and captured. Hendrik Witbooi wrote in his diary that 88 people were killed by the Germans that day, 78 of them women and children and ten of them men, with one hundred women and children captured by German colonial forces. Other sources indicate a similar number of casualties: 85 women and children, and ten men (Missonary Olpp, cited in Steinmetz 2009). Descendant narratives also mention the successful escape of some women and children during the German assault. Assuming that before the attack, women and children totalled at least 178 (according to Hendrik Witbooi’s figures), and that women and children made up around three out of five family members in an average household, we estimate there could have been around sixty households and three hundred people in Hornkranz on the dawn of the German attack.

►https://forensic-architecture.org/investigation/restituting-evidence-genocide-and-reparations-in-german-colon

#Allemagne #colonialisme #massacre #génocide #Namibie #architecture_forensique #histoire #histoire_coloniale #témoignage #Nama #Hendrik_Witbooi #Witbooi #Curt_von_Francois #Ovaherero #San

ping @reka

Le castor, un allié face au #changement_climatique

https://reporterre.net/local/cache-gd2/c0/3c836ea834b7078d32511efef73a11.jpg

Les barrages des castors ont des effets bénéfiques contre les #incendies et les #inondations. De quoi en faire un parfait allié face au réchauffement climatique.

Le #Gardon s’écoule paresseusement dans la tiédeur automnale. Le long de la rivière, des bosquets de jeunes peupliers se parent de teintes dorées. Au bord de l’eau, les arbres paraissent des buissons touffus, leurs racines entremêlées au limon. « Ces berges ne seraient pas comme ça si des castors ne vivaient pas là », dit le naturaliste Gilles Larnac. Une famille — six individus — habite en effet sur les rives de Collias. Ici comme ailleurs, ils ont façonné leur territoire à coup de dents. Avec des effets inattendus : les rongeurs nous protègent ainsi contre les inondations et aident à lutter contre les incendies.

M. Larnac attrape une branche dérivant dans le courant. Elle est nue, sans écorce ni feuille, coupée en biseau aux extrémités : un reste de repas. « Un individu ingère 2 kilos de végétaux par nuit », explique-t-il. Pour ce faire, il croque les feuilles, ronge l’écorce, savoure les baies… en grande quantité. « L’écosystème est jardiné par le castor », poursuit notre guide. Sur les rivages « cultivés » du Gardon, point de troncs massifs, mais un parterre de jeunes arbres aux multiples rejets. « Quand il y a des crues, cette végétation arbustive permet de lisser la vague, de ralentir l’écoulement, avec un effet de peigne. »

Autre atout anti-inondations : les barrages. Animal nocturne, « le castor passe la journée dans des terriers creusés dans les berges, dont l’entrée doit être sous l’eau, pour qu’ils se sentent en sécurité », détaille M. Larnac. Afin que cette précieuse ouverture se retrouve sous les ondes, l’animal peut faire monter le niveau de la rivière, en construisant de petits seuils à l’aide de branchages et de brindilles enchevêtrés.

« C’est un animal génial »

De telles retenues d’eau — moins néfastes pour l’environnement que nos ouvrages en béton — atténuent la violence des crues. Une étude menée en Angleterre, aux abords de la rivière #Otter, a ainsi montré que les six barrages construits par les rongeurs avaient réduit le débit de l’#eau et fait baisser les inondations dans les villages situés en aval. D’autres travaux scientifiques ont également pointé des effets bénéfiques contre les incendies : la végétation en amont du seuil, plus arrosée et donc plus humide, s’enflammerait moins vite.

« Attention, le castor ne peut pas tout faire, notamment quand il y a des crues importantes, comme lors de nos gros épisodes cévenols », rappelle le naturaliste. Malgré tout, cet architecte des cours d’eau pourrait bien être un allié face au dérèglement climatique. « C’est un animal génial, qu’il est important de redécouvrir. »

https://reporterre.net/local/cache-vignettes/L1050xH700/rid22-10-2-e1ee5.jpg

Natif des gorges du Gardon, Gilles Larnac s’est pris de passion pour ce curieux mammifère il y a une trentaine d’années. « Les vieux du coin ne savaient pas qu’il y avait des castors, ils les prenaient pour des ragondins [1], se rappelle-t-il. Il s’agit d’un patrimoine oublié. »

Ce mammifère des rivières revient en effet de loin : omniprésent en Europe au Moyen-Âge, il a peu à peu été décimé par la chasse. « Sa fourrure épaisse, sa viande, mais aussi ses glandes à castoréum [2] étaient très prisées, raconte le naturaliste. On s’en servait pour faire du parfum, car la substance sécrétée est très persistante. » Au début du XXe siècle, il ne restait que quelques dizaines de familles en France, dans le Gard et l’Ardèche principalement, et guère plus dans le reste du continent.

« Le castor a été la première espèce protégée, interdite de chasse en 1909, et c’est ce qui l’a sauvé, poursuit M. Larnac. Il y a eu par la suite des opérations de réintroduction, et aujourd’hui, on compterait environ 20 000 individus à travers le pays, dans cinquante départements. » Il n’est désormais pas rare de croiser le nageur, à la tombée du jour, en train de grignoter ou de faire sa toilette. « Pour l’observer, repérez d’abord les lieux en journée, en vous promenant aux bords de la rivière, conseille M. Larnac, qui organise des sorties découvertes dans la région. Si vous apercevez dans l’eau des branches dénudées et rongées, vous êtes certainement dans une zone réfectoire, où les animaux viennent s’alimenter. Revenez de nuit, ou au crépuscule, restez discrets et ouvrez l’œil ! »

Le castor en quelques chiffres :

-- 2 000 castors vivraient actuellement dans le #Gard.
-- On compte environ 20 000 poils par centimètre carré de peau du castor, une densité qui empêche l’eau de pénétrer, même après une plongée.
-- 7 km/h, voici la vitesse qu’un castor atteint en nageant sous l’eau, soit aussi vite que les nageurs olympiques. Sa queue, plate et écaillée, ainsi que ses pattes arrières, palmées, lui permettent de se propulser.
-- Chaque année, la femelle peut mettre bas à deux petits. Après deux ans passés auprès de leurs parents, les enfants partiront en quête de nouveaux territoires.
-- Un animal adulte mesure 1,20 mètre, du museau jusqu’au bout de sa queue, ce qui en fait le plus gros rongeur d’Europe.

▻https://reporterre.net/Le-castor-un-allie-face-au-changement-climatique

#castor #castors #climat

Paul Khalifé sur X : « 1-L’ #Iran a fait savoir aux #USA via divers canaux diplomatiques qu’il est prêt à renoncer à sa riposte à la destruction par #Israël de son consulat à Damas en contrepartie d’un accord de cessez-le-feu total à #Gaza #Hamas #GazaWar » / X
▻https://twitter.com/Khalifehpaul/status/1778793587737596384

2-En cas de non conclusion d’un accord, l’ #Iran pourrait riposter par des tirs de missiles balistiques et de drones armés sur des cibles à l’intérieur d’ #Israel .

Les réfractaires depuis l’invasion de l’Ukraine par la Russie (13ème partie • avril 2024)
▻https://www.obsarm.info/spip.php?article648

Depuis octobre 2022, Guy Dechesne recense longuement les actes de désertion, d’insoumission, de désobéissance et d’exil posés pour refuser de combattre, les actions de désobéissance civiles pour entraver la guerre et les appuis que les réfractaires reçoivent tant dans les pays concernés qu’à l’étranger dans le prolongement d’un dossier paru dans le numéro 164-165 de « Damoclès ». Cette rubrique est rédigée à partir d’un suivi méticuleux des médias. 13ème épisode, avril 2024. Retrouvez (...) #Résistances

/ #Guerres, #Actions_contre_la_guerre, #Antimilitarisme, #La_deux

« Les pays membres de l’UE suivent l’agenda de l’extrême droite en dépeignant les migrants et les réfugiés comme des ennemis dont il faudrait se défendre »
▻https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2024/04/11/les-vingt-sept-suivent-l-agenda-de-l-extreme-droite-en-depeignant-les-migran

https://img.lemde.fr/2024/04/10/0/0/8032/5354/1440/960/60/0/62c6f3f_1712740253564-2023-09-19t081750z-1695111465-dpaf230919x99x247619-rtrfipp-4-migration-corruption-poland-europe.JPG

« Les pays membres de l’UE suivent l’agenda de l’extrême droite en dépeignant les migrants et les réfugiés comme des ennemis dont il faudrait se défendre »
Le chercheur Sergio Carrera, du groupe de réflexion Centre for European Policy Studies, décrypte l’évolution du débat politique sur l’immigration après l’adoption du pacte asile et migration.
Sergio Carrera, chercheur chargé de la politique migratoire et des droits de l’homme au Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS), un groupe de réflexion de Bruxelles, revient sur l’évolution du débat public, en Europe, sur les politiques liées à l’immigration, sous l’influence croissante des partis d’extrême droite.
Lire aussi | Article réservé à nos abonnés Le Parlement européen valide le pacte sur la migration et l’asile
Le thème de l’immigration est-il présent dans la campagne électorale européenne qui commence ?
De longue date, le pacte asile et migration a été présenté comme une solution pour régler la question de l’immigration irrégulière en Europe et ainsi couper l’herbe sous le pied de l’extrême droite, qui a fait de ce thème son étendard. Mais, en dramatisant ces enjeux, les Etats et les gouvernements ont progressivement incorporé les idées de l’extrême droite et ils suivent son agenda en dépeignant les migrants et les réfugiés comme des ennemis dont il faudrait se défendre. Aujourd’hui, les grands partis historiques de la droite et du centre voire, dans certains pays, de gauche, comme dans le nord de l’Europe, ont été aspirés par la rhétorique de l’extrême droite.
L’arrivée de centaines de milliers de personnes sur les côtes européennes de manière irrégulière pose question à beaucoup d’électeurs…
En 2023, l’agence Frontex de l’Union européenne [UE] a décompté quelque 380 000 personnes arrivant, selon elle, de manière irrégulière. Sur un continent de 450 millions d’habitants, cela reste modéré. Cela représente moins de 1 % de tous les franchissements de frontières extérieures de l’UE pour l’année 2021. De plus, une partie de ces personnes peuvent bénéficier du statut de réfugié ou d’une protection temporaire. Parler d’invasion comme l’extrême droite le fait est tout simplement faux. Enfin, rappelons que l’essentiel des réfugiés dans le monde ne viennent pas en Europe. Ils sont généralement déplacés dans leur propre pays ou dans les pays voisins. Remettons un peu de rationalité dans ce sujet. En deux ans, l’Europe a su accueillir 4,5 millions de réfugiés ukrainiens.
Dans certains pays, ces arrivées ont créé une pression supplémentaire sur les logements, comme en Irlande, aux Pays-Bas, ou commencent à peser dans les pays d’Europe centrale.
On peut accueillir des Ukrainiens, mais pas des réfugiés d’Afrique… Il y a des sujets bien plus profonds en jeu, comme une institutionnalisation du racisme, aujourd’hui ancrée dans nos sociétés.
Selon une étude du Conseil européen pour les relations internationales (ECFR), la question migratoire n’est pas centrale pour l’opinion dans la campagne actuelle. Est-ce votre point de vue ?
Le sujet est en débat mais pas nécessairement sur les termes exposés par les grands partis. Toutes les recherches sur l’opinion publique démontrent une vision généralement positive de l’immigration. Les Européens ne sont pas opposés à l’idée d’offrir une protection aux migrants et d’aborder la question migratoire d’une façon humaine. Personne n’est favorable à l’emprisonnement des migrants dans des centres de détention. C’est pourtant ce que le pacte prévoit. Quand vous montrez les conséquences de ce type de politique, vous voyez une réaction très éloignée des débats politiques traditionnels.
Le Parti populaire européen (conservateurs) propose de développer l’externalisation des demandeurs d’asiles…
C’est la preuve de ce que j’avance. Fin 2023, l’Italie de la première ministre d’extrême droite, Giorgia Meloni, a présenté un protocole d’accord entre l’Italie et l’Albanie pour que les migrants sauvés en mer soient envoyés, contre leur gré, dans ce pays, avec lequel ils n’ont aucun lien et où il y a fort à parier qu’ils ne voudront pas aller. Une fois là-bas, ils seront enfermés dans un camp. Face à ce projet, la Commission n’a pas fait de commentaire. Et désormais, la droite propose le même type d’externalisation dans des Etats tiers dit « sûrs ». Toutes nos recherches sur les exemples existants montrent que l’externalisation conduit à des traitements inhumains et dégradants, à la détention arbitraire de personnes, à d’énormes souffrances.
Le groupe des sociaux-démocrates souhaite développer les voies légales pour venir en Europe, qui est en plein vieillissement démographique. Comment jugez-vous cette idée ?
Nous en avons absolument besoin. Que ce soit pour l’emploi, pour les demandeurs d’asile, pour les réinstallations pour raison humanitaire. Pour les étudiants, les chercheurs, tout cela est très bien. Néanmoins, l’Europe développe aujourd’hui une vision très utilitariste des voies légales de travail avec sa « carte bleue » et ses programmes de recrutement dans les pays tiers. Très sélective, l’Europe ne veut prendre que des personnes dont elle a besoin pour combler les pénuries et les lacunes du marché du travail, et uniquement ceux qui disposent d’assez des compétences. Les personnes hautement qualifiées peuvent venir. Il s’agit d’une approche très discriminatoire, qui laisse de côté certaines personnes qui n’ont pas accès à ces canaux de recrutement. En particulier les personnes originaires d’Afrique et du Moyen-Orient.

#Covid-19#migrant#migration#UE#immigration#economie#vieillissement#sante#refugie#frontex

Ghassan Abu Sitta sur X :
▻https://twitter.com/GhassanAbuSitt1/status/1778778806276276250

Invited to address a conference in Berlin about my work in Gaza hospitals during the present conflict.

The German government has forcibly prevented me from entering the country

Silencing a witness to #genocide before the ICJ adds to Germany’s complicity in the ongoing massacre.

#Allemagne

Les territoires des émeutes
▻https://laviedesidees.fr/Les-territoires-des-emeutes

Le haut niveau de #ségrégation urbaine constitue le meilleur prédicteur des violences. La différence la plus marquante entre 2023 et 2005 est l’entrée en scène des villes petites et moyennes, où les adolescents de cités d’habitat social s’identifient aux jeunes des banlieues de grandes métropoles.

#Société #jeunesse #banlieue #révolte #urbanisme #gilets_jaunes
▻https://laviedesidees.fr/IMG/pdf/20240412_emeutes.pdf

Melanie Ward sur X : ▻https://twitter.com/melanie_ward/status/1778485271736050082

I just returned from #Gaza for MedicalAidPal. The scale of the suffering and humanitarian catastrophe inflicted by Israel is vast and horrific. What is being done to the Palestinians of Gaza is a disaster for humanity. History will judge all who are complicit.

Defences Down ! ClamTk is No Longer Maintained
▻https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2024/04/clamtk-is-no-longer-maintained

It’s always sad to see a long-standing bit of open-source software put itself out to pasture (a euphemism for going way of the dodo, which is a metaphor becoming extinct or obsolete – which is a lengthy way to open a post). A few weeks back the iconic IRC client Hexchat announced it is no longer under active development, citing a lack of manpower and will. This week the developer of ClamTk announced it is no longer maintained. The seemingly sole dev has chosen to step away for a mix of personal, technical, and modernity-related reasons, adding: – “My goals […] You’re reading Defences Down! ClamTk is No Longer Maintained, a blog post from OMG! Ubuntu. Do not reproduce elsewhere without (...)

#News #antivirus #ClamAV #Graveyard

Stopping #Famine in #Gaza | Crisis Group
▻https://www.crisisgroup.org/middle-east-north-africa/east-mediterranean-mena/israelpalestine/244-stopping-famine-gaza

#Palestine & Israël, même dessein de solution finale : extermination.
▻http://www.argotheme.com/organecyberpresse/spip.php?article4595

Le logiciel sioniste n’a pas tenu le 7 octobre 2023. La démonstration des islamistes palestiniens, de résistance à la colonisation, a montré la méthode pour démolir la suprématie militaire de l’Etat hébreu qui a pour finalité la spoliation des Palestiniens. L’attaque surprise composée de plusieurs engins, n’a été qu’une démonstration pour que les prochaines frappes se déroulent entièrement et en profondeur et d’Israël, mais ce qui justifie de nouvelles atrocités et génocides plus féroces. Grands événements : Gigantisme de l’inattendu.

/ Netanyahou, Israël , #USA,_Maison_Blanche,_CIA, Palestine, Terrorisme , islamisme , Al-Qaeda , politique , , journaliste, poète, livre, écrits, Israël, Proche-Orient, droits de l’homme, (...)

#Grands_événements_:Gigantisme_de_l’inattendu. #Netanyahou,_Israël #Terrorisme_,islamisme,Al-Qaeda,politique,_ #_journaliste,_poète,_livre,_écrits #Israël,_Proche-Orient,_droits_de_l’homme,_ONU

La boucle impossible, livre de Anne Savelli et Joachim Séné, édité par Joca Seria : Dans l’espace du lieu, le temps y a toute son importance

▻https://liminaire.fr/livre-lecture/article/la-boucle-impossible-de-anne-savelli-et-joachim-sene

https://liminaire.fr/local/cache-vignettes/L640xH320/asjs-1b2ef.jpg?1712509134

#Récit, #Livre, #MilèneFarmer, #Résidence, #Grand-Lieu

Einsturzgefahr: Wohnhaus in Schöneberger Goltzstraße evakuiert, mehrere Straßen gesperrt
▻https://www.berliner-zeitung.de/news/wegen-einsturzgefahr-wohnhaus-in-schoeneberg-grunewaldstrasse-evaku

https://i.postimg.cc/28db49KT/20240411-osm-berlin-schoeneberg-goltz-grunewald-cropped.png

Hier ist die Rede vom Haus Goltz-Grunewald, nordöstliche Ecke. Goltzstraße 1 / Grunewaldstraße 16.

Alles privat, jeder ist für sich selbst verantwortlich und so braucht der Immobilienkonzern, dem das unbewohnbare Haus gehört, offenbar keinem Mieter eine Ersatzwohnung zu stellen. So ist das in Berlin, hier könnse überhöhte Mieten für Bruchbuden kassiern ohne irgeneine Verantwortung zu übernehmen.

Wetten, dass hier in zwei oder drei Jahren ein schicker Neubau mit superteuren Eigentumswohnungen steht !

10.4.2024 von Sophie Barkey, Elizabeth Rushton, Verena Zistler - Ein Haus an der Kreuzung von Grunewaldstraße und Goltzstraße droht zu kollabieren. Der Bereich um das Gebäude ist abgesperrt – darunter verläuft eine U-Bahnlinie.

Mehrere Anwohner in Schöneberg haben am Mittwoch ihre Wohnungen verlassen, weil ihr Haus in der Goltzstraße, Ecke Grunewaldstraße, einzustürzen droht. Das bestätigte die Berliner Feuerwehr auf Anfrage der Berliner Zeitung. Ein Einsatzleiter hatte dort am Mittag die Lage geprüft. Weil das Gebäude jedoch auf einem privaten Grundstück steht und die öffentliche Sicherheit und Ordnung nicht gefährdet sei, wurde die Zuständigkeit an das Bezirksamt und Bauamt weitergegeben. Das Gebäude weist sichtbare Risse in der Fassade auf, die Kreuzung ist gesperrt. Mehrere Schaulustige hatten sich dort nach Angaben einer Reporterin versammelt. Auch die Polizei war vor Ort.

Bauarbeiter hatten laut einem Polizisten vor Ort am Mittwochmorgen bei den Sanierungsarbeiten im Erdgeschoss festgestellt, dass offenbar „alles marode“ war und sollen dann gemeldet haben, dass die Sicherheit des Eckteils des Hauses nicht mehr zweifelsfrei gegeben sei. Das Haus wurde schließlich evakuiert, nachdem auch ein Statiker das Haus begutachtet hatte.

Wie der Polizist weiter sagte, werde das Haus nun zunächst gesichert, bis eine Baufachfirma feststellen kann, ob womöglich der Eckteil des Hauses abgerissen werden müsse. Erst nach der Bewertung einer Fachfirma soll klar werden, wann die Anwohner zurück in ihre Wohnungen können. Bis dann würden die meisten von ihnen bei Verwandten unterkommen, so der Polizist weiter.

Nach Angaben des Hauseigentümers können neun Mieter zunächst ihre Wohnungen nicht nutzen. Sie würden in Ersatzunterkünften untergebracht, falls sie nicht bei Freunden oder Verwandten unterkommen könnten, teilte die Heimstaden Germany GmbH auf Anfrage mit. „Einen Zeitraum zu nennen, wie lange die Wohnungen nicht genutzt werden können, ist aktuell leider nicht möglich“, hieß es.

Anwohner erfuhren am Vormittag von Evakuierung

Von den Evakuierungen betroffen ist auch das junge Paar Ella und Claus (Namen von der Redaktion geändert). Die beiden wohnen seit sechs Jahren im betroffenen Haus. Erst am Mittwoch um 11 Uhr wurden sie von ihrem Vermieter informiert, dass die Sicherheit des Hauses gerade geprüft werde – da hieß es ihnen zufolge noch, sie sollten erstmal zu Hause bleiben. „Wir gehen davon aus, dass das nur eine Vorsichtsmaßnahme ist“, sagt Ella. Die Polizei hat sich dann gegen 17.30 Uhr bei den Einwohnern gemeldet, mit dem Evakuierungsbefehl und der Empfehlung für ein bis zwei Wochen einzupacken.

„Hoffentlich werden wir aber viel schneller wieder zu Hause sein – wir drücken uns einfach die Daumen“, sagt Claus. Bis dann wird das Paar bei Freunden in Schöneberg übernachten, Claus hat auch Verwandte in Berlin. Ihre Wohnung befindet sich nicht im betroffenen Eckteil des Hauses, sondern im Gebäude daneben in der Grunewaldstraße, ihre Wohnung grenzt allerdings an den betroffenen Eckteil an. In ihrer Wohnung habe es nichts gegeben, das bei dem Paar Sorge ausgelöst hätte, so Ella. „Diese Risse und die bröckelige Fassade waren schon länger so“, sagt sie. „Das Haus ist einfach super alt – das wissen halt alle.“

Heimstaden sind statische Probleme am Wohnhaus schon länger bekannt

Nach Angaben von Heimstaden sind tatsächlich schon seit Längerem statische Probleme an dem Gebäude bekannt. Die Ursache dafür habe bislang nicht geklärt werden können, hieß es. Bereits seit Dezember 2023 werde ein sogenanntes Rissmonitoring durchgeführt, bei dem Veränderungen der auffälligen Risse im Mauerwerk beobachtet und dokumentiert würden, teilte das Unternehmen mit.

Für das Ladenlokal in dem Eckhaus gebe es seit dem 3. April Sicherungsmaßnahmen. Zudem sei das Fundament untersucht worden. Bei einer erneuten Überprüfung habe dann der beauftragte Statiker am (heutigen) Mittwoch eine Ausdehnung der Risse entdeckt. „Danach haben wir unmittelbar die Bauaufsicht in Kenntnis gesetzt, die eine Teil-Sperrung des Gebäudes (Erkerbereich/Eckhaus) und Teile der Grunewaldstraße angeordnet hat“, teilte das Unternehmen weiter mit.

Die zuständige Bezirksstadträtin Eva Majewski (CDU) zeigte sich erstaunt darüber, dass dem Unternehmen offensichtlich schon länger Probleme bekannt sind. „Ich höre das jetzt das erste Mal, dass das offensichtlich seit Jahren bekannt ist“, sagte Majewski in der RBB-Abendschau.

U7 verläuft unter dem einsturzgefährdeten Haus: Geschwindigkeit verringert

Unter dem Gebäude verläuft nach Informationen der Berliner Zeitung auch die U-Bahnlinie 7 der Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe (BVG). Die Bahnen fahren daher als Vorsichtsmaßnahme derzeit mit deutlich verringerter Geschwindigkeit zwischen den naheliegenden U-Bahnhöfen Kleistpark und Eisenacher Straße, teilte ein BVG-Sprecher mit. Außerdem wird der Nachtbus N7 zunächst umgeleitet, andere Busse fahren dort nicht.

Nach Informationen von vor Ort war am späten Nachmittag ein großer Bereich rund um das einsturzgefährdete Gebäude für Autos, Fußgänger und Radfahrende gesperrt. Betroffen ist die gesamte Kreuzung Grunewaldstraße/Goltzstraße/Akazienstraße. Wie die Berliner Verkehrsinformationszentrale auf Twitter-Nachfolger X am Mittag mitteilte, war auch die Hauptstraße von den Sperrungen betroffen. Eigentümer und Bezirksamt beraten nun über das weitere Vorgehen. Autofahrer müssen in dem Bereich weiterhin mit Behinderungen rechnen.

#Berlin #Schöneberg #Goltzstraße #Grunewaldstraße #Immobilien #Wohnen #Kapitalismus

Araser, creuser, terrasser : comment le béton façonne le monde, Nelo Magalhães
▻https://www.terrestres.org/2024/04/05/araser-creuser-terrasser-comment-le-beton-faconne-le-monde

https://www.terrestres.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Donzere_canal_Travaux_1951BD.jpg

Nos infrastructures pèsent un poids matériel et écologique dont nous n’avons pas idée. Ainsi, une autoroute contemporaine exige 30 tonnes de sable et gravier par mètre. Pour commencer à explorer cette histoire environnementale des grandes infrastructures, nous publions l’introduction du livre Accumuler du béton, tracer des routes.

#livre #béton #infrastructures #autoroutes #écologie

#Gaza aid delivery: Videos and eyewitness accounts cast doubt on Israel’s timeline of food distribution that turned deadly | CNN
▻https://www.cnn.com/2024/04/09/middleeast/gaza-food-aid-convoy-deaths-eyewitness-intl-investigation-cmd/index.html

On March 8, after an internal investigation, the IDF released a timeline suggesting that the aid convoy began to cross into northern Gaza accompanied by its tanks at 4:29 a.m. A minute later, at 4:30 a.m., the IDF said its troops fired “warning shots” toward the east to disperse crowds before firing at “suspects” who they claimed posed a threat. At 4:45 a.m., the military said it fired more warning shots.

But CNN’s analysis of dozens of videos from the night and testimonies from eyewitnesses’ casts doubt on Israel’s version of events. The evidence, reviewed by forensic and ballistic experts, indicated that automatic gunfire began before the IDF said the convoy had started crossing through the checkpoint and that shots were fired within close range of crowds that had gathered for food.

The IDF have not yet responded to CNN’s questions on these findings.

Retour sur les actions et événements contre STMicro et le complexe techno-militaro-industriel grenoblois
▻https://ricochets.cc/Retour-sur-les-actions-et-evenements-contre-STMicro-et-le-complexe-techno-

Retour sur le gros week-end d’actions et mobilisations à Grenoble et Crolles contre STMicro et le néfaste complexe techno-militaro-industriel grenoblois qui l’a enfantée. Rapide retour sur la mobilisation d’avril 2024 - Depuis la création du collectif STopMicro, la contestation des usines de la microélectronique grenobloise s’intensifie et se diversifie. Ce week-end de mobilisation des 5, 6, 7 et 8 avril 2024 marque une nouvelle étape dans la lutte. Rapide retour sur quatre journées contre (...) #Les_Articles

/ #Résistances_au_capitalisme_et_à_la_civilisation_industrielle, #Technologie, #Guerres

▻https://stopmicro38.noblogs.org/post/2024/04/08/rapide-retour-sur-la-mobilisation-davril-2024
▻https://stopmicro38.noblogs.org/post/2024/04/08/blocage-de-la-presquile-scientifique-le-temps-perdu-pour-la-rec
▻https://www.placegrenet.fr/2024/04/06/de-leau-pas-des-puces-850-a-2-000-manifestants-contre-la-microelectronique-jusqua-la-presquile-scientifique-de-grenoble/627571
▻https://lundi.am/De-Grenoble-a-Tel-Aviv

🔴 En direct : le Hamas étudie le projet de trêve mais juge qu’Israël « ne répond à aucune » demande
▻https://www.france24.com/fr/moyen-orient/20240408-%F0%9F%94%B4-en-direct-isra%C3%ABl-d%C3%A9ploie-pour-la-premi%C3%

L’ONU accuse Israël d’entraver davantage la distribution de nourriture que toute autre forme d’aide

« Les livraisons de nourriture coordonnées par l’ONU sont beaucoup plus susceptibles d’être entravées ou de se voir refuser l’accès (...) que toute autre mission humanitaire », a déclaré un porte-parole du Bureau de coordination des affaires humanitaires (Ocha) de l’ONU, Jens Laerke, à Genève.

Cela veut dire, a-t-il ajouté, citant des statistiques de mars, que « les convois alimentaires qui devraient se rendre en particulier dans le Nord, où 70 % de la population est confrontée à des conditions similaires à la famine, sont trois fois plus susceptibles d’être refusés que les autres convois humanitaires ».

Israël est soumis à des pressions internationales croissantes pour laisser entrer davantage d’aide dans la bande de Gaza. Le Cogat, organisme du ministère israélien de la Défense chargé des affaires civiles palestiniennes, a fait état mardi sur le réseau social X de l’inspection et de l’entrée de 741 camions d’aides dans la bande de Gaza « au cours des deux derniers jours ».

#Génocide

#Hubert_Védrine, le #bâillon en bandoulière
▻https://afriquexxi.info/Hubert-Vedrine-le-baillon-en-bandouliere

Costume et cravate sombres, chemise bleu ciel, lunettes rectangulaires à bords épais sur le bout du nez et aplomb caractéristique : ce 25 mars, devant les juges de la 17e chambre du tribunal de Paris, Hubert Védrine affirme ne pas avoir « une doctrine de poursuite » mais que « trop, c’est trop », raison pour laquelle il attaque pour « complicité de diffamation publique envers particulier » le journaliste Patrick de Saint-Exupéry. De quoi s’agit-il ? Le 3 mars 2021, invité dans l’émission À l’air libre du journal Mediapart pour la sortie de son livre La Traversée (Les Arènes), l’ancien reporter du Figaro, l’un des premiers journalistes à avoir mis en cause la France dans le #génocide des #Tutsis, qui a fait près de 1 million de morts entre le 6 avril et le 15 juillet 1994, s’en prend violemment à l’ancien secrétaire général de l’Élysée (de 1991 à 1995).

Selon Patrick de Saint-Exupéry, Hubert Védrine est un « négationniste », qu’il compare à Robert Faurisson (négationniste de la Shoah). Il lui reproche de relayer depuis trente ans la thèse du « double génocide ». Pour lui, les propos de l’ancien ministre sont même comparables à ceux de Théoneste Bagosora, le « cerveau » du génocide qui a nié son existence durant son procès au Tribunal pénal international pour le #Rwanda (#TPIR), admettant du bout des lèvres « des massacres excessifs ». La thèse du double génocide, interrogée dès novembre 1994 par François Mitterrand1, entend minimiser celui, avéré, perpétré contre les Tutsis au Rwanda, en invoquant d’autres #massacres dans l’est du Congo qui auraient fait 3 à 4 millions de morts depuis 1994. En d’autres termes, si génocide des Tutsis il y a eu, un génocide des Hutus aurait également eu lieu.

#rdc

Reconnaissance faciale : Gérald Darmanin veut enterrer « l’affaire Briefcam »
▻https://disclose.ngo/fr/article/reconnaissance-faciale-gerald-darmanin-veut-enterrer-laffaire-briefcam

https://admin.disclose.ngo/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/2024-04-social-briefcam-reconnaissance-faciale-darmanin-opacite-police.jpg

En novembre, à la suite des révélations de Disclose sur l’utilisation par la police du logiciel de reconnaissance faciale Briefcam, Gérald Darmanin annonçait le lancement d’une enquête indépendante dont les conclusions devaient être rendues « sous trois mois ». Alors que le ministère de l’intérieur refuse de communiquer sur le sujet, un rapport confidentiel démontre que la fonction reconnaissance faciale est « activée par défaut » depuis 2018. Lire l’article

https://admin.disclose.ngo/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/2024-04-social-briefcam-reconnaissance-faciale-darmanin-opacite-police.jpg

Macron l’Américain, la France livrée aux Gafam ?
▻https://www.off-investigation.fr/macron-lamericaindiv-classtitre2la-france-livree-aux-gafam

De la Silicon Valley, en passant par Las Vegas jusqu’à l’Elysée, voici le récit peu connu des réseaux américains qui ont boosté la carrière politique d’Emmanuel Macron.Lire la suite : Macron l’Américain, la France livrée aux Gafam ?

#Emmanuel,un_homme_d’affaires_à_l’élysée-_S2 #Vidéos

Owen Jones sur X :

[…] Gaza is one of the great journalistic scandals of our time. Israeli leaders and officials said, from the start, what they were going to do. And Western media outlets behaved as though these statements were irrelevant.

#MSM #complicité #génocide

« Lavender », l’intelligence artificielle qui dirige les bombardements israéliens à Gaza - L’Humanité
▻https://www.humanite.fr/monde/armee-israelienne/lavender-lintelligence-artificielle-qui-dirige-les-bombardements-israeliens

https://www.humanite.fr/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Des-personnes-fuient-apres-des-frappes-aeriennes-sur-un-quartier-du-camp-de-refugies-dAl-Maghazi-dans-le-centre-de-la-bande-de-Gaza-le-6-novembre-2023.jpg

L’armée israélienne a désigné des dizaines de milliers d’habitants de #Gaza comme des suspects, cibles d’assassinat, en utilisant un système de ciblage par intelligence artificielle (#IA), avec peu de contrôle humain et une politique permissive en matière de pertes « collatérales », révèlent le magazine +972 et le site d’informations Local Call. L’Humanité publie une traduction française de l’enquête conduite par ces médias israéliens.

▻https://www.972mag.com/members