#global

Les industriels pourront remplacer l’huile de tournesol sans modifier l’emballage

Comment Marc : vont avoir l’air malin les Lapins crétins qui fabriquent des embouteillages le nez sur leur smartphone de Nutri machin chose dans les allées des supermarkets :-)

▻https://www.nouvelobs.com/guerre-en-ukraine/20220426.OBS57683/chips-margarine-les-industriels-pourront-remplacer-l-huile-de-tournesol-s

5 questions à Roland Riachi. Comprendre la #dépendance_alimentaire du #monde_arabe

Économiste et géographe, Roland Riachi s’est spécialisé dans l’économie politique, et plus particulièrement dans le domaine de l’écologie politique. Dans cet entretien, il décrypte pour nous la crise alimentaire qui touche le monde arabe en la posant comme une crise éminemment politique. Il nous invite à regarder au-delà de l’aspect agricole pour cerner les choix politiques et économiques qui sont à son origine.

▻https://www.carep-paris.org/5-questions-a/5-questions-a-roland-riachi
#agriculture #alimentation #colonialisme #céréales #autosuffisance_alimentaire #nationalisation #néolibéralisme #Egypte #Soudan #Liban #Syrie #exportation #Maghreb #crise #post-colonialisme #souveraineté_nationale #panarabisme #militarisme #paysannerie #subventions #cash_crop #devises #capitalisme #blé #valeur_ajoutée #avocats #mangues #mondialisation #globalisation #néolibéralisme_autoritaire #révolution_verte #ouverture_du_marché #programmes_d'ajustement_structurels #intensification #machinisation #exode_rural #monopole #intrants #industrie_agro-alimentaire #biotechnologie #phosphates #extractivisme #agriculture_intensive #paysans #propriété_foncière #foncier #terres #morcellement_foncier #pauvreté #marginalisation #monoculture #goût #goûts #blé_tendre #pain #couscous #aide_humanitaire #blé_dur #durum #libre-échange #nourriture #diète_néolibérale #diète_méditerranéenne #bléification #importation #santé_publique #diabète #obésité #surpoids #accaparement_des_terres #eau #MENA #FMI #banque_mondiale #projets_hydrauliques #crise_alimentaire #foreign_direct_investment #emploi #Russie #Ukraine #sécurité_alimentaire #souveraineté_alimentaire

#ressources_pédagogiques

ping @odilon

La ville #logistique : réflexions depuis l’Afrique
▻https://metropolitiques.eu/La-ville-logistique-reflexions-depuis-l-Afrique.html

À quoi peut bien ressembler une ville dédiée à la logistique en #Afrique ? Comment se connecte-t-elle aux circulations de marchandises globales ? Telles sont les questions abordées par Hélène Blaszkiewicz à partir du cas de Kasumbalesa, petite ville à cheval sur la RDC et la Zambie devenue un centre logistique majeur. « Votre colis est disponible en point relais ! » Voici un message familier et rassurant, que de nombreuses habitantes et habitants des grandes villes occidentales ont déjà reçu. Derrière #Terrains

/ logistique, Afrique, #commerce, #frontière, #pays_du_Sud, #transports

▻https://metropolitiques.eu/IMG/pdf/met_blaszkiewicz.pdf

Tiens je découvre l’assombrissement global (global dimming). Je m’étonne d’être passé à côté de cet aspect du climat (ou je n’ai pas bonne mémoire).

– ▻https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_dimming
– ▻https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assombrissement_global

Pour la faire courte : les incendies, chauffages et transports (en gros la combustion de combustible fossile) émettent des particules qui obscurcissent le ciel (réduisent les rayonnements solaire à la surface) (mesurable depuis les années 1950)… ce qui — parmi différentes choses (notamment pas bonnes pour la santé) — a réduit un peu le réchauffement climatique. Le paradoxe est donc que pour limiter le réchauffement climatique (et améliorer la santé), il faut moins émettre ces aérosols… ce qui va éclaircir le ciel (et donc provoquer aussi un réchauffement en passant) :

Some scientists now consider that the effects of global dimming have significantly masked the effect of global warming and that resolving global dimming may therefore lead to increases in future temperature rise.

According to Beate Liepert, “We lived in a global warming plus a global dimming world and now we are taking out global dimming. So we end up with the global warming world, which will be much worse than we thought it will be, much hotter.”

The magnitude of this masking effect is one of the central problems in current climate change with significant implications for future climate changes and policy responses to global warming.

#climat #global_dimming #global_brightening #assombrissement_global #éclaircissement_global

En relation cet article de mars 2022 : ▻https://www.eumetsat.int/more-sunshine-in-europe-due-to-cleaner-air qui contient quelques graphiques.

More sunshine in Europe due to cleaner air

How satellite-based climate data records support our understanding of the impact of cleaner air on the Earth’s climate.

[...]
In fact, increases of aerosol concentration are known to affect the clouds in various ways.

Firstly, they lead to clouds with smaller droplets and higher brightness (referred to as the first indirect aerosol effect; Twomey, 1977).

Secondly, they lead to clouds having a longer life time, a higher thickness, and less precipitation (referred as the second in-direct aerosol effect; Albrecht, 1989). Figure 2 illustrates the direct and indirect aerosol effects.

https://www-cdn.eumetsat.int/files/2022-03/image2022-2-2_15-51-9_fig2_web.jpg

[...]
In its 6th Assessment Report, the International Panel for Climate Change (IPCC, 2021) states with high confidence, that the reduced aerosol concentrations in the recent decades led to an observable positive trend in shortwave radiation over Europe. As an unfavourable side effect, improved air quality (less aerosols) enhances warming through the direct and in-direct aerosol effects.

How Russia’s War In Ukraine Threatens Wheat Shortages, Rising Food Prices - Bloomberg
▻https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2022-04-05/will-russia-s-war-in-ukraine-cause-wheat-shortages-raise-food-prices-more

Disruptions in the flows of grains and oilseeds — staples for billions of people and animals across the world — are sending prices soaring. Countries fearing potential food shortages are scrambling to find alternative suppliers and new trades are emerging.

https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FPqIjjSXwAQK80A?format=jpg&name=small#.jpg

#ukraine_food via Filou

Comment le recyclage détruit l’environnement au Vietnam | Zoom Ecologie
▻https://zoom-ecologie.net/?Comment-le-recyclage-detruit-l-environnement-au-Vietnam-Entretien-av

Mikaëla Le Meur a publié « Le mythe du recyclage », un livre qui reprend ses observations de terrain dans le village de Minh Kai au Vietnam. Elle explique comment le commerce international de déchets « recyclables » y entraîne une délocalisation de la pollution. Les restes de la consommation européenne, états-unienne, japonaise ou australienne s’accumulent dans des espaces mal équipés pour les traiter, polluant l’environnement tout en produisant de nouveaux objets de médiocre qualité. Durée : 59 min. Source : Fréquence Paris Plurielle

▻https://zoom-ecologie.net/IMG/mp3/zoom_ecolo_2022_24_02_recyclage_vietnam.mp3

Editorial: Urban Greening in the Global South: Green Gentrification and Beyond
▻https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frsc.2022.865940

Food crisis looms as Ukrainian wheat shipments grind to halt
Prices soar as Black Sea ports at virtual standstill amid Russian assault.

At this time of year, Kees Huizinga is normally busy planting wheat, barley and corn on his farm in central Ukraine. But, having lost workers to the frontline, the Dutch national left his grain silos to sound the alarm about the impact of the Russian invasion on global wheat supply.

Russia and Ukraine supply almost a third of the world’s wheat exports and since the Russian assault on its neighbour, ports on the Black Sea have come to a virtual standstill. As a result, wheat prices have soared to record highs, overtaking levels seen during the food crisis of 2007-08.

“If farmers in Ukraine don’t start planting any time soon there will be huge crisis to food security. If Ukraine’s food production falls in the coming season the wheat price could double or triple,” said the Dutch national, who has been farming for two decades in Cherkasy, 200km south of Kyiv. He is part of a farming union, whose 1,100 members cover just under 10 per cent of the country’s farmland.

While well stored wheat, such as that on Huizinga’s farm, can last several months, agricultural experts and policymakers have warned of the impact of delayed shipments on countries reliant on the region for wheat, grain, sunflower oil and barley.

“They’re going to have to find different suppliers and all that means higher prices,” said Joseph Glauber, the former chief economist at the US Department of Agriculture and a senior fellow at agricultural policy think-tank IFPRI.

https://i.imgur.com/hdXyFJD.png

The surge in prices will fuel soaring food inflation — already at a seven-year high of 7.8 per cent in January — and the biggest impact will be on the food security of poorer grain importers, warned analysts and food aid organisations.

Ukraine accounts for 90 per cent of Lebanon’s wheat imports and is a leading supplier for countries including Somalia, Syria and Libya. Lebanon is “really struggling with an already high import bill and this is only going to make things worse,” said James Swanston, emerging market economist at Capital Economics.

Russia also provides its Black Sea neighbour Turkey with more than 70 per cent of its wheat imports, according to the International Trade Centre. Even before the Russian invasion of Ukraine, inflation in Turkey had had hit a 20-year high of 54.4 per cent in February. “The war is only going to exacerbate the cost of food,” said Ismail Kemaloglu, the former head of the state Turkish Grain Board and now the director of the consultancy IK Tarimussu.

“What’s critical here is that the Black Sea offers a logistical and price advantage . . . Costs will rise significantly when [Turkey] buys from the US or Australia,” he said. “Even if the war ends tomorrow, Ukraine’s planting season has already been disrupted and it will impact the 2022 harvest regardless.”

The UN World Food Programme, which procures grains and food to distribute to poorer countries, bought just under 1.4m tonnes of wheat last year of which 70 per cent came from Ukraine and Russia.

Prior to the invasion it was already facing a 30 per cent increase in the cost of wheat, because of poor harvests in Canada, the US and Argentina. The latest surge in grain prices would further curtail its ability to provide aid, it said.
“This is an unnecessary shock of mega proportions,” said Arif Husain, chief economist at the WFP.

High prices could trigger unrest, analysts said.

https://i.imgur.com/0imyzDe.png

The last time wheat prices spiked to these levels in 2007 and 2008 because of severe production declines in leading producing countries such as Australia and Russia, protests spread through nearly 40 countries from Haiti to the Ivory Coast, while a jump in grain prices in 2009-10 is regarded as one of the triggers of the Arab Spring uprisings in the Middle East.

Russia accounts for two-thirds of Egypt’s wheat imports. Egyptian authorities say their wheat inventories will last until mid June and the Egyptian local harvest should start coming in by mid April. Any rise in subsidised bread prices and further increase in food inflation in Egypt “increases the threat of social unrest,” said Swanston.

It is also unclear how long the crisis will last, said analysts, a fact that is boosting prices. “The market is worried that this is not a problem that’s going to be solved any time soon,” said Tim Worledge at Agricensus, the agricultural data and pricing agency.

Wheat inventories are tight everywhere and as Chinese and South Korean buyers of Ukrainian corn, used to feed livestock, sought sellers elsewhere, EU agricultural ministers on Wednesday discussed allowing farmers to boost production using the 10 per cent of land they usually leave fallow in response to the war in Ukraine.

In the short term, Ukrainian farmers contending with a war may struggle to spread fertilisers and pesticides and plant seeds for the spring crop. The next crop is due in the European summer. That harvest will depend on how long the Russian invasion lasts and for how long exports via the ports will be blocked.

https://i.imgur.com/O4DoLTn.png

Sitting in his friend’s house in Siret close to the Romania-Ukraine border, Huizinga said the main question raised during a call with 75 fellow Ukrainian farmers was whether to plant or not to plant. They may struggle to get fertiliser and crop protection and it is unclear whether they could actually harvest and ship the crop. “The supply chain is broken,” he said.

Some of the 400 staff on his 15,000 hectare farm have gone to fight and Huizinga has posted videos on social media of fellow farmers in the bomb shelters and villagers slaughtering pigs to deliver food to those in Kyiv and in the army. The difficulty, he said, could soon extend way beyond Ukraine. “We can face a huge problem, especially the poor people, who will have difficulty getting bread.”

▻https://www.ft.com/content/457ba29e-f29b-4677-b69e-a6e5b973cad6

#crise_alimentaire #blé #Ukraine #guerre #prix #Russie #Liban #Somalie #Syrie #Libye #Turquie #impact #Mer_Noire #mondialisation #globalisation #Egypte #inflation #pain

Comment #Julius_Maggi a conquis les cuisines

https://www.swisscommunity.org/fileadmin/_processed_/8/f/csm_47457_5fa614726f.jpg

Arôme liquide, cubes de #bouillon ou soupes en poudre : la marque Maggi est une success story qui a débuté il y a plus de 150 ans dans le canton de Zurich. L’aromate a révolutionné les habitudes culinaires dans le monde entier.

Quand, en 1869, Julius Maggi, alors âgé de 23 ans, reprend la minoterie de son père à Kemptthal, dans le canton de Zurich, la branche de la meunerie est en crise. Avec l’#industrialisation, les bateaux à vapeur et les chemins de fer, de plus en plus de céréales étrangères bon marché arrivent en Suisse. Julius Maggi doit imaginer quelque chose de neuf.

https://www.swisscommunity.org/fileadmin/_processed_/6/5/csm_48318_b6cdde2ef0.jpg

Il invente d’abord la « #Leguminose » : une #farine_de_soupe à base de légumineuses riches en protéines, censée améliorer l’#alimentation du peuple et offrir des repas nourrissants aux ouvriers. Ces nouvelles « #soupes_artificielles » trouvent cependant peu d’écho auprès du public cible. Pour l’heure, les classes inférieures en restent aux patates et à la chicorée. La bourgeoisie, quant à elle, boude ce fade repas de pauvres au drôle de nom.

https://www.swisscommunity.org/fileadmin/_processed_/5/4/csm_47458_0f5b3d7c2a.jpg

La percée a lieu en 1886, avec l’invention d’un #extrait_de_bouillon qui deviendra célèbre dans le monde entier sous le nom d’#Arôme_Maggi. Grâce à cet #arôme au goût de viande mais à base végétale, les soupes se vendent aussi nettement mieux. Julius Maggi n’est pas seulement un inventeur passionné : « Il comprend en outre l’importance du #marketing », souligne l’historienne Annatina Tam-Seifert, qui a étudié les débuts de l’industrie alimentaire suisse. « Comme on ne peut ni toucher, ni sentir les produits finis, l’emballage joue un rôle essentiel dans leur diffusion. » Julius Maggi est un pionnier à cet égard. Il conçoit lui-même la bouteille de l’arôme liquide avec son étiquette jaune et rouge. Un design qui n’a pas beaucoup changé depuis.

https://www.swisscommunity.org/fileadmin/_processed_/9/e/csm_maggi-flasche-geneigt_cd4fa7d0dc.jpg

Un poète chargé de la #publicité

Julius Maggi est l’un des premiers à créer un service de publicité et à utiliser de nouveaux formats – affiches, pancartes, systèmes de cumul de points avec primes à la clé, images à collectionner ou dégustations. Au début, le chef d’entreprise rédige lui-même les textes des réclames. À la fin de l’année 1886, il engage pour ce faire le poète #Frank_Wedekind, alors encore inconnu. Celui-ci crée les rimes qu’on lui demande, par exemple : Das wissen selbst die Kinderlein : Mit Würze wird die Suppe fein. Darum holt das Gretchen munter, die Maggi-Flasche runter [Même les enfants le savent : grâce à l’Arôme, la soupe est bonne. Gretchen, ainsi, n’hésite pas, à tenir la bouteille Maggi la tête en bas.] Mais le jeune poète salarié démissionne après huit mois, car il a l’impression « de s’être vendu corps et âme », comme il l’écrit dans une lettre à sa mère. Les manuscrits originaux des textes publicitaires Maggi rédigés par Frank Wedekind sont aujourd’hui conservés à la bibliothèque cantonale d’Argovie.

À l’époque déjà, des « influenceurs » participent à la publicité : bientôt, des recettes de cuisine recommandent l’Arôme Maggi pour épicer les plats, notamment celles de l’icône allemande des livres de cuisine, Henriette Davidis. La recette de l’Arôme, elle, reste un secret bien gardé jusqu’à ce jour. Ses ingrédients de base sont des protéines végétales, de l’eau, du sel et du sucre, plus des arômes et de l’extrait de levure. Il ne contient pas de livèche, que beaucoup associent pourtant à son goût. Au point que cette herbe aromatique est communément appelée « #herbe_à_Maggi ».

Maggi inspire aussi les artistes : ainsi, Joseph Beuys utilise la bouteille d’arôme liquide en 1972 dans son œuvre « Ich kenne kein Weekend » [Je ne connais pas de week-end]. Pablo Picasso immortalise quant à lui le cube de bouillon iconique en 1912 dans son tableau « Paysage aux affiches ». Maggi commercialise ce cube en 1908, qui devient lui aussi un best-seller mondial.

Le plus grand propriétaire foncier

Julius Maggi doit convaincre non seulement les consommatrices des atouts de ses produits finis, mais aussi les paysans, fournisseurs des matières premières. « Il a de la peine à trouver assez de légumes pour ses produits dans la région », raconte l’historienne. Les paysans doivent d’abord se faire aux nouvelles méthodes mécanisées de culture, et ils sont sceptiques vis-à-vis de l’industrie alimentaire. Finalement, Julius Maggi prend lui-même en main la culture des matières premières.

Il achète du terrain à de petits agriculteurs, en leur offrant souvent un emploi au sein de la ville-usine de #Kemptthal, qui s’agrandit rapidement. Riche de plus de 400 hectares de surface agricole, Julius Maggi est même, au début du XXe siècle, le plus grand propriétaire foncier privé de Suisse. En même temps, il ouvre des usines et des réseaux de distribution en Allemagne, en Autriche, en Italie et en France.

Julius Maggi meurt en 1912, à 66 ans. Après sa mort, l’entreprise devient une holding, avec des filiales dans différents pays. Pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, sa filiale allemande est le plus grand producteur de produits alimentaires du Reich et un fournisseur majeur de l’armée d’Hitler. L’usine de Singen, « entreprise modèle national-socialiste », emploie également des travailleurs forcés.

Depuis 1947, Maggi appartient au groupe alimentaire #Nestlé. L’Arôme Maggi s’exporte dans 21 pays du monde. Des sites de production ont même été créés en Chine, en Pologne, au Cameroun, en Côte d’Ivoire et au Mexique.

▻https://www.swisscommunity.org/fr/nouvelles-et-medias/revue-suisse/article/comment-julius-maggi-a-conquis-les-cuisines

#Maggi #cuisine (well...) #mondialisation #globalisation

‘We stand with Ottawa’: muddled messages and fraying consensus at New Zealand’s anti-vax protest | New Zealand | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/09/lets-remember-why-we-are-here-new-zealand-anti-vax-protest-splinters-in
▻https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/630764dd6e451eccca744992bb563239644a3ed5/0_488_7236_4341/master/7236.jpg?width=1200&height=630&quality=85&auto=format&fit=crop&overlay-ali

‘We stand with Ottawa’: muddled messages and fraying consensus at New Zealand’s anti-vax protest
On day two of a protest against New Zealand’s Covid-19 policies on Parliament’s grounds in Wellington, the stamina and consensus of the crowd was fraying. On Tuesday, thousands arrived in convoys from across the country, but by Wednesday just a few hundred were left, despite pleas from protesters on social media for the crowd to “hold the line”.Perhaps it is because the list of complaints is extensive – there are signs about the vaccine mandates and restrictions for the unvaccinated, signs blaring vaccine disinformation, conspiracies that Covid-19 is a “plandemic”, worries about gene therapy manipulation of children, accusations of media corruption, claims of iwi (tribal) groups selling out, and requests to save a Northland oil refinery from closure.
In October, the government released a new “traffic light” system for Covid management, including a legal framework for vaccination mandates that could affect around 40% of the workforce. The new rules loosen almost all restrictions for the fully vaccinated, but require vaccination certificates for entry into many businesses and for workers in public-facing roles like education, nursing, police and hospitality.A protester stands on Parliament’s steps with a wall of masked police officers behind her and urges unity through a microphone. “Let’s remember why we are all here,” her voice echoes across the crowd, “the mandate”. Her own crowd boos and heckles her. “Don’t yell at me,” she pleads, before getting off.In front of the woman, the grounds look like a small music festival. Roughly 50 tents are erected – people are picnicking, others are hula-hooping, children are playing. A convoy of Winnebagos, caravans and cars clog the streets around Parliament’s grounds.A singer dedicates a song to spirits and faeries, another raps about New Zealand being an apartheid state. A group of children perched on a fence yell: “Got a vaccine pass? shove it up your ass!”. As some speakers preach for peaceful, respectful protest, three others attempt to break through the police barricade and are arrested – just hours after Parliament’s Speaker of the House, Trevor Mallard, issued the crowd with a trespass notice.Others, wielding signs of love and unity, tell journalists they should be executed. A message scrawled in chalk on Parliament’s forecourt reads “Hang ’em high”, next to a smiley face.
“Remove your mask,” a man demands, as I walk through the crowd. When I say I would like to keep it on, he immediately asks if I’m from mainstream media. I reply that I am and he says “don’t twist the truth just because you’re on the government dollars”. He is not the only one demanding I remove the mask.Across the road, at the Backbenchers pub, the staff are on high-alert. On Tuesday, they were forced to shut just 15 minutes after opening for the day, after protesters started hurling abuse.“This is the most significant and volatile protest in 30 years,” its general manager and chef, Alistair Boyce, says. “There’s an inherent anger and feeling of injustice and overt intimidation that I’ve never witnessed before.”
man stands with signUsually protesters vent their anger at government, Boyce says, but this time it was turned against the restaurant, which is abiding by mandates and guidelines, including mask-use, vaccine passport scanning and limited gathering sizes. “We’re trying to operate the mandate as the government has required, so we were threatened and victimised.” Staff were told they were Nazis and violating human rights.Boyce is sympathetic to the protesters’ concerns about the mandates, and would also like to see them removed, but adds he cannot support “the anarchy and the mob rule” of the crowd. “We’re a divided country turning on itself.”
Late on Wednesday afternoon, the crowd is slowly thinning and the mood is more subdued – less anarchist uprising; more picnic in the park.And while consensus among the protest group is looking shaky, there was unusual consensus from the other side of the barricade: Parliament. Not a single politician met the protesters.The prime minister, Jacinda Ardern, said on Wednesday that New Zealanders had a right to protest. “But New Zealanders also have the right to be vaccinated and the right to be kept as safe as possible in a pandemic and that’s exactly what we’re focused on – and that’s what the vast majority of New Zealanders are doing.”National party leader Christopher Luxon strained to pinpoint exactly what the protest was about.“I think there’s a range of protests out there, it’s very confusing to work out what it is. Essentially I think it’s not fair … when you’re impinging on others’ freedoms as they are, by blocking roads and making it difficult to get to and fro from work – that’s not what it’s about.“I appreciate that there’s a range of views, but bottom line what we’re seeing there is pretty antisocial and pretty abusive.”

#Covid-19#migrant#migration#nouvellezelande#canada#sante#frontiere#circulationi#ideologie#antivax#globalisation#vaccination

#Ottawa : Déplacer les camions du centre-ville est « presque impossible », disent des experts Radio Canada
▻https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/1860317/manifestation-camionneurs-ottawa-camions-remorquage-impossible

Déplacer la centaine de camions garés illégalement au centre-ville d’Ottawa est « presque mission impossible » sans la coopération des camionneurs, selon différents experts en remorquage.

La police d’Ottawa évalue que 500 véhicules lourds paralysent présentement les environs de la colline du Parlement, désignée comme étant la “zone rouge” par les autorités.

https://images.radio-canada.ca/q_auto,w_960/v1/ici-info/16x9/manif-camionneurs-ottawa-55931.JPG

Le maire Jim Watson a répété à plusieurs reprises, au cours de la fin de semaine, qu’il souhaitait leur départ.

Le remorquage de véhicules lourds est toutefois un processus beaucoup plus compliqué que le remorquage d’une simple voiture, a déclaré Randy Whan, le propriétaire d’une compagnie de remorquage de Kingston qui s’est entretenu avec Canadian Broadcasting CorporationCBC. 

“Ce n’est ni facile ni simple”, a-t-il expliqué. “Cela peut prendre jusqu’à 30 minutes et, de plus, c’est presque impossible sans la coopération du conducteur du camion”.

https://images.radio-canada.ca/q_auto,w_960/v1/ici-info/16x9/manifestation-camionneurs-camions-covid-restrictions-sanitaires-ottawa-65839.png

Les camions comportent de nombreuses pièces d’équipement — telles que des chaînes pesant plus de 15 kilos — destinées à empêcher le remorquage sans le consentement du conducteur.

Si le camionneur a enclenché les freins à air et verrouillé les roues de son véhicule, le remorquage devient encore plus difficile. Dans ces conditions, le camion ne bouge plus.

« C’est le camionneur qui décide en fin de compte si vous pouvez emporter son camion ou non. »
— Une citation de Randy Whan, propriétaire d’une compagnie de remorquage

Si on le lui demandait, M. Whan dit qu’il hésiterait à déplacer un camion sans la coopération du conducteur parce cela placerait ses employés dans une position vulnérable, car ces derniers doivent passer sous le camion pour faire leur travail.

"Honnêtement, je ne vois pas comment on pourrait procéder", a-t-il déclaré. "Chaque compagnie qui envoie une [dépanneuse] là-bas met son chauffeur en danger d’être blessé."

https://images.radio-canada.ca/q_auto,w_960/v1/ici-info/16x9/manifestation-camionneurs-camions-covid-restrictions-sanitaires-ottawa-59100.jpg

Une tâche difficile, mais possible
David Allen, le propriétaire d’une compagnie de remorquage à London, a lui aussi soutenu que remorquer le camion d’un conducteur récalcitrant est une tâche très difficile, mais elle n’est pas impossible.

Même si les freins à air sont enclenchés, a-t-il dit, certaines dépanneuses ont la capacité de les desserrer ou "de les mettre en cage", en transférant de l’air de leur système vers les camions.

"Nous avons toutes les capacités sur nos dépanneuses pour le faire, mais le problème est que je ne vois pas qui voudrait le faire", a-t-il nuancé.

En effet, Canadian Broadcasting CorporationCBC rapporte que de nombreuses entreprises qui fournissent des services de remorquage pour véhicules lourds ne veulent pas risquer leurs relations avec les camionneurs.

Différentes sources ont déclaré au réseau anglais que plusieurs entreprises engagées par la Ville ont refusé de déplacer les camions stationnés illégalement.

Jusqu’ici, la Ville soutient que 28 véhicules associés à la manifestation ont été remorqués, parce qu’ils entravent la circulation et bloquent des allées. La Ville a toutefois refusé de dire s’il s’agissait de camions commerciaux.

Avec les informations de Michelle Allan

#Liberté #Solidarité #manifestation #Canada #pass_sanitaire #Freedom_Convoy_2022 #crise #Camions

River Runner Global
▻https://river-runner-global.samlearner.com

https://river-runner-global.samlearner.com/images/preview_image.png?v=2

The Global River Runner is a vizualization simulating the path a raindrop would take, assuming it runs off into a stream and from then on to a terminating location, likely an inland water body or the ocean. A running list of interesting flow paths can be found here.
DISCLAIMER

The Global River Runner is an open source Work In Progress, based on open data and open source software components, some of which themselves are in early or alpha development stages (all described in detail below). The vast majority of river paths calculated are based on topographic data collected and processed automatically, and may not reflect true river paths that may be affected by engineered features such as dams, canals, and conduits. Many names of rivers and inland water features such as lakes may be inaccurate as they are based on only on easily available datasets with global coverage. At times, the UI may exhibit slow or otherwise poor performance or encounter other errors. If you find issues regarding any of the above, please submit an issue through Github if you have an account, or fill out an issue survey form, to help us improve the application and underlying data!

#Wirecard. Le scandale financier qui secoue l’Allemagne

https://imgsrc.cineserie.com/2021/11/1944255.jpg?ver=1#.jpg

En 2020, Wirecard, une #start-up allemande devenue un géant du #paiement_en_ligne, s’effondre suite à des révélations de fraudes d’une ampleur inouïe. Retour sur l’ascension et la chute d’un mouton noir de la « fintech ».

Le plus grand scandale financier de ces deux dernières décennies en Allemagne a commencé comme une success-story. Start-up fondée en 1999 et pilotée dès 2002 par l’Autrichien Markus Braun, la société de paiement en ligne Wirecard profite de la croissance exponentielle d’Internet pour élargir massivement sa clientèle. Proposant d’abord ses services à des sites spécialisés dans la pornographie et les jeux d’argent, l’entreprise s’achète rapidement une respectabilité. Vingt ans après sa création, Wirecard a bravé tous les obstacles pour s’imposer comme un fleuron de l’économie numérique allemande et l’un des principaux concurrents de Paypal. Cotée au Dax, l’indice boursier national, et valorisée en Bourse à hauteur de 14 milliards d’euros, la société s’enorgueillit d’un impressionnant portefeuille de quelque 300 000 clients. Sa chute sera aussi fulgurante que son ascension quand, en juin 2020, des fraudes d’une ampleur inédite la concernant sont révélées. Au total, 1,9 milliard d’euros ont disparu des comptes de l’entreprise.

Accointances douteuses
Comment des irrégularités aussi colossales ont-elles pu passer sous les radars des autorités de régulation ? Des alertes circulaient pourtant dans le milieu de la finance depuis 2009 et un analyste avait même fourni en 2016 des preuves solides de fraudes chez Wirecard, sans faire réagir l’Autorité fédérale de supervision financière… De la Bourse de Munich à Singapour, cette ahurissante affaire, hautement romanesque, mêle blanchiment d’argent, falsifications, intimidations et menaces de mort, dévoilant la face sombre d’une « fintech » aux accointances pour le moins douteuses. Pour retracer la chronologie de ce dossier, Benji et Jono Bergmann ont rencontré plusieurs de ses acteurs : journalistes d’investigation, commentateurs et analystes, sans oublier le lanceur d’alerte Pav Gill, avocat et ancien employé de Wirecard, qui forme avec sa mère un étonnant duo de justiciers. Si l’ex-PDG Markus Braun, en prison, attend son procès, son ancien bras droit, le charismatique Jan Marsalek, s’est évaporé et reste l’un des criminels en col blanc les plus recherchés de la planète.

▻https://www.arte.tv/fr/videos/100289-000-A/le-scandale-financier-qui-secoue-l-allemagne-wirecard
#film #film_documentaire #documentaire
#lanceur_d'alerte #finance #Markus_Braun #Jan_Marsalek #escroquerie #industrie_numérique #technologie_numérique #fintech #industrie_du_jeu #jeux_d'argent #Tobias_Bosler #justice #globalisation #mondialisation #rapport_Zatarra #GI_retails #fraude_comptable #blanchissement_d'argent #Michael_Schütt #Bluetool #BaFin #corruption #Allemagne #Jigajig #DAX #Al_Alam #Edo_Kurniawan #paiement_électronique #EY

Stanley McChrystal and other generals who led in Afghanistan now thrive in the private sector - The Washington Post
▻https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/09/04/mcchrystal-afghanistan-navistar-consulting-generals

Last year, retired Gen. Joseph F. Dunford Jr., who commanded American forces in Afghanistan in 2013 and 2014, joined the board of #Lockheed_Martin, the Pentagon’s biggest defense contractor. Retired Gen. John R. Allen, who preceded him in Afghanistan, is president of the Brookings Institution, which has received as much as $1.5 million over the last three years from #Northrop_Grumman, another defense giant. David H. Petraeus, who preceded Allen and later pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor charge for providing classified materials to a former mistress and biographer, is a partner at #KKR, a private equity firm, and director of its #Global_Institute.
Petraeus said several firms “aggressively sought” him for his military and CIA experience. As for his leadership in Afghanistan, he said, “I stand by what we did and how I reported it during my time.” Dunford said he pushed no policy in Afghanistan but “did exactly what the president directed me to do,” and that 80 percent of his time now is devoted to nonprofits, several serving veterans. Allen, through a spokeswoman, declined to comment.

McChrystal is the runaway corporate leader. A board member or adviser for at least 10 companies since 2010, according to corporate filings and news releases, he also leverages his experience to secure lucrative consulting contracts on topics distant from defense work, such as managing the coronavirus pandemic for state and local governments. The general, who was dismissed after being quoted in 2010 disparaging then-Vice President Joe Biden, has made millions from corporations, governments and universities, commanding six-figure salaries for some of his board positions and high five-figure speaking fees.

#gagnants #guerre #l’important #porte_tournante

L’extractivisme en récits
▻https://laviedesidees.fr/L-extractivisme-en-recits.html

À propos de : Anna Lowenhaupt Tsing, Friction : délires et faux-semblants de la globalité, La Découverte,. Pourquoi le #capitalisme est-il si chaotique ? demande Anna Tsing depuis les montagnes de Bornéo saccagées par l’exploitation. Aborder les connexions globales et les idéaux universalistes comme de puissantes mises en récit permet de comprendre et de résister.

#International #nature #écologie
▻https://laviedesidees.fr/IMG/docx/20210714_friction.docx
▻https://laviedesidees.fr/IMG/pdf/20210714_friction.pdf

Du vin, de la bière, un héritage colonial et un mécano fiscal

https://entreleslignesentrelesmots.files.wordpress.com/2021/07/rapport_castel_juin_2021-2.jpg

En poussant la porte d’un caviste Nicolas, peu de clients savent qu’ils pénètrent dans une enseigne du groupe Castel, une multinationale qui s’est im- posée comme le premier négociant français de vin, troisième sur le marché international. À la tête de l’entreprise, la très discrète famille Castel compte parmi les dix premières fortunes hexagonales. Mais ce champion vinicole est aussi – et surtout – un vieil empire françafricain de la bière et des boissons gazeuses.

Note sur : Survie : De l’Afrique aux places offshore
L’empire Castel brasse de l’or

►https://entreleslignesentrelesmots.blog/2021/07/12/du-vin-de-la-biere-un-heritage-colonial-et-un-mecano-fi

#castel #afrique

The Story of Migration
▻https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7C25uq3smxg

#migrations #réfugiés #histoire #inégalités #vidéo #film_d'animation #animation #préjugés #économie #croissance_économique #welfare_state #Etat_social #contre-récit #récit #décolonial #développement #Global_South
#ressources_pédagogiques

–—

ajouté à la métaliste sur le lien entre #économie (et surtout l’#Etat_providence) et la #migration... des arguments pour détruire l’#idée_reçue : « Les migrants profitent (voire : viennent POUR profiter) du système social des pays européens »... :

►https://seenthis.net/messages/971875

ping @isskein @karine4 @_kg_ @rhoumour

#Take-aways #seminar on ’#Textile_Dependencies : #Power_Relations in #Clothing Production and #Consumption'

#dress #fashion #shopping #second-hand #fair_trade #human_rights #environment #fast_fashion #Rana_Plaza #companies #Global_South #asymmetrical_dependencies #inequalities #consumer #transparency #fairness #colonialism #globalization

‘A system of #global_apartheid’ : author #Harsha_Walia on why the border crisis is a myth

The Canadian organizer says the actual crises are capitalism, war and the climate emergency, which drive mass migration.

The rising number of migrant children and families seeking to cross the US border with Mexico is emerging as one of the most serious political challenges for Joe Biden’s new administration.

That’s exactly what Donald Trump wants: he and other Republicans believe that Americans’ concerns about a supposed “border crisis” will help Republicans win back political power.

But Harsha Walia, the author of two books about border politics, argues that there is no “border crisis,” in the United States or anywhere else. Instead, there are the “actual crises” that drive mass migration – such as capitalism, war and the climate emergency – and “imagined crises” at political borders, which are used to justify further border securitization and violence.

Walia, a Canadian organizer who helped found No One Is Illegal, which advocates for migrants, refugees and undocumented people, talked to the Guardian about Border and Rule, her new book on global migration, border politics and the rise of what she calls “racist nationalism.” The conversation has been edited for length and clarity.

Last month, a young white gunman was charged with murdering eight people, most of them Asian women, at several spas around Atlanta, Georgia. Around the same time, there was increasing political attention to the higher numbers of migrants and refugees showing up at the US-Mexico border. Do you see any connection between these different events?

I think they are deeply connected. The newest invocation of a “border surge” and a “border crisis” is again creating the spectre of immigrants and refugees “taking over.” This seemingly race neutral language – we are told there’s nothing inherently racist about saying “border surge”– is actually deeply racially coded. It invokes a flood of black and brown people taking over a so-called white man’s country. That is the basis of historic immigrant exclusion, both anti-Asian exclusion in the 19th century, which very explicitly excluded Chinese laborers and especially Chinese women presumed to be sex workers, and anti-Latinx exclusion. If we were to think about one situation as anti-Asian racism and one as anti-Latinx racism, they might seem disconnected. But both forms of racism are fundamentally anti-immigrant. Racial violence is connected to the idea of who belongs and who doesn’t. Whose humanity is questioned in a moment of crisis. Who is scapegoated in a moment of crisis.

How do you understand the rise of white supremacist violence, particularly anti-immigrant and anti-Muslim violence, that we are seeing around the world?

The rise in white supremacy is a feedback loop between individual rightwing vigilantes and state rhetoric and state policy. When it comes to the Georgia shootings, we can’t ignore the fact that the criminalization of sex work makes sex workers targets. It’s not sex work itself, it’s the social condition of criminalization that creates that vulnerability. It’s similar to the ways in which border vigilantes have targeted immigrants: the Minutemen who show up at the border and harass migrants, or the kidnapping of migrants by the United Constitutional Patriots at gunpoint. We can’t dissociate that kind of violence from state policies that vilify migrants and refugees, or newspapers that continue to use the word “illegal alien”.

National borders are often described as protecting citizens, or as protecting workers at home from lower-paid workers in other countries. You argue that borders actually serve a very different purpose.

Borders maintain a massive system of global apartheid. They are preventing, on a scale we’ve never seen before, the free movement of people who are trying to search for a better life.

There’s been a lot of emphasis on the ways in which Donald Trump was enacting very exclusionary immigration policies. But border securitization and border controls have been bipartisan practices in the United States. We saw the first policies of militarization at the border with Mexico under Bill Clinton in the late 90s.

In the European context, the death of [three-year-old Syrian toddler] Alan Kurdi, all of these images of migrants drowning in the Mediterranean, didn’t actually lead to an immigration policy that was more welcoming. Billions of euros are going to drones in the Mediterranean, war ships in the Mediterranean. We’re seeing the EU making trade and aid agreements it has with countries in the Sahel region of Africa and the Middle East contingent on migration control. They are relying on countries in the global south as the frontiers of border militarization. All of this is really a crisis of immobility. The whole world is increasingly becoming fortified.

What are the root causes of these ‘migration crises’? Why is this happening?

What we need to understand is that migration is a form of reparations. Migration is an accounting for global violence. It’s not a coincidence that the vast number of people who are migrants and refugees in the world today are black and brown people from poor countries that have been made poor because of centuries of imperialism, of empire, of exploitation and deliberate underdevelopment. It’s those same fault lines of plunder around the world that are the fault lines of migration. More and more people are being forced out of their land because of trade agreements, mining extraction, deforestation, climate change. Iraq and Afghanistan have been for decades on the top of the UN list for displaced people and that has been linked to the US and Nato’s occupations of those countries.

Why would governments have any interest in violence at borders? Why spend so much money on security and militarization?

The border does not only serve to exclude immigrants and refugees, but also to create conditions of hyper exploitation, where some immigrants and refugees do enter, but in a situation of extreme precarity. If you’re undocumented, you will work for less than minimum wage. If you attempt to unionize, you will face the threat of deportation. You will not feel you can access public services, or in some cases you will be denied public services. Borders maintain racial citizenship and create a pool of hyper-exploitable cheapened labor. People who are never a full part of the community, always living in fear, constantly on guard.

Why do you choose to put your focus on governments and their policies, rather than narratives of migrants themselves?

Border deaths are presented as passive occurrences, as if people just happen to die, as if there’s something inherently dangerous about being on the move, which we know is not the case. Many people move with immense privilege, even luxury. It’s more accurate to call what is happening to migrants and refugees around the world as border killings. People are being killed by policies that are intended to kill. Literally, governments are hoping people will die, are deliberating creating conditions of death, in order to create deterrence.

It is very important to hold the states accountable, instead of narratives where migrants are blamed for their own deaths: ‘They knew it was going to be dangerous, why did they move?’ Which to me mimics the very horrible tropes of survivors in rape culture.

You live in Canada. Especially in the United States, many people think of Canada as this inherently nice place. Less racist, less violent, more supportive of refugees and immigrants. Is that the reality?

It’s totally false. Part of the incentive of writing this second book was being on a book tour in the US and constantly hearing, ‘At least in Canada it can’t be as bad as in the US.’ ‘Your prime minister says refugees are welcome.’ That masks the violence of how unfree the conditions of migration are, with the temporary foreign worker program, which is a form of indentureship. Workers are forced to live in the home of their employer, if you’re a domestic worker, or forced to live in a labor camp, crammed with hundreds of people. When your labor is no longer needed, you’re deported, often with your wages unpaid. There is nothing nice about it. It just means Canada has perfected a model of exploitation. The US and other countries in Europe are increasingly looking to this model, because it works perfectly to serve both the state and capital interests. Capital wants cheapened labor and the state doesn’t want people with full citizenship rights.

You wrote recently that ‘Escalating white supremacy cannot be dealt with through anti-terror or hate crime laws.’ Why?

Terrorism is not a colorblind phenomena. The global war on terror for the past 20 years was predicated around deeply Islamophobic rhetoric that has had devastating impact on Black and Brown Muslims and Muslim-majority countries around the world. I think it is implausible and naive to assume that the national security infrastructure, or the criminal legal system, which is also built on racialized logics, especially anti-black racism – that we can somehow subvert these systems to protect racialized communities. It’s not going to work.

One of the things that happened when the Proud Boys were designated as a terrorist organization in Canada is that it provided cover to expand this terror list that communities have been fighting against for decades. On the day the Proud Boys were listed, a number of other organizations were added which were part of the Muslim community. That was the concern that many of us had: will this just become an excuse to expand the terrorist list rather than dismantle it? In the long run, what’s going to happen? Even if in some miraculous world the Proud Boys and its members are dismantled, what’s going to happen to all the other organizations on the list? They’re still being criminalized, they’re still being terrorized, they’re still being surveilled.

So if you don’t think the logics of national security or criminal justice will work, what do you think should be done about escalating white supremacist violence?

I think that’s the question: what do we need to be doing? It’s not about one arm of the state, it’s about all of us. What’s happening in our neighborhoods, in our school systems, in the media? There’s not one simple fix. We need to keep each other safe. We need to make sure we’re intervening whenever we see racial violence, everything from not letting racist jokes off the hook to fighting for systemic change. Anti-war work is racial justice work. Anti-capitalist work is racial justice work.

You advocate for ending border imperialism, and ending racial capitalism. Those are big goals. How do you break that down into things that one person can actually do?

I actually found it harder before, because I would try things that I thought were simple and would change the world, and they wouldn’t. For me, understanding how violences are connected, and really understanding the immensity of the problem, was less overwhelming. It motivated me to think in bigger ways, to organize with other people. To understand this is fundamentally about radical, massive collective action. It can’t rely on one person or even one place.

▻https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/apr/07/us-border-immigration-harsha-walia
#apartheid #inégalités #monde #migrations #frontières #réfugiés #capitalisme #guerres #conflits #climat #changement_climatique #crises #crise #fermeture_des_frontières #crises_frontalières #violence #racisme #discriminations #exclusion #anti-migrants #violence_raciale #suprématisme_blanc #prostitution #criminalisation #vulnérabilité #minutemen #militarisation_des_frontières #USA #Mexique #Etats-Unis #politique_migratoire #politiques_migratoires #Kurdi #Aylan_Kurdi #Alan_Kurdi #impérialisme #colonialisme #colonisation #mourir_aux_frontières #décès #morts

ping @isskein @karine4

How Vaccine Passports Will Worsen Inequities In Global Health | Nature Portfolio Microbiology Community
▻http://naturemicrobiologycommunity.nature.com/posts/how-vaccine-passports-will-worsen-inequities-in-

https://images.zapnito.com/users/20892/posters/1617457131-54-3106/bffc492c-7d56-4970-9073-f70c05271825_large.png

How Vaccine Passports Will Worsen Inequities In Global Health. Even before Covid-19, high-income countries dominated all aspects of global health, including the ability to travel. Vaccine passports will make it harder for global health professionals from low/middle income countries to travel, attend meetings, get training, immigrate, or assume leadership roles
Global health is neither global nor diverse. We knew that, even before Covid-19 came along. Folks in high-income countries (HIC) dominated all aspects of global health, including the ability to travel freely “to the field”, to host & attend conferences in HICs, to consult, to serve on international panels, and to conduct research in any setting. In fact, most global health conferences are hosted in HICs and ‘conference inequity’ is common in global health, with low and middle-income countries (LMICs) attendees under-represented at global health conferences.With HICs beginning to implement Covid-19 vaccine passports, things could get much worse for LMIC folks in global health, and further privilege HIC folks who dominate global health. Let me explain why.
Even before Covid-19, reciprocity was a major challenge in global health. Every year, large numbers of HIC trainees and researchers visit LMICs to engage in global health missions, clinical tourism, research and consultancy work. Reciprocity would require HIC institutions, in return, to host LMIC trainees and experts. This rarely happens, as I have described in my 2-part article in Forbes.One of the major reasons for lack of reciprocity is passport and visa privilege. Not everyone has a passport that can open doors, and nearly all HICs have huge visa restrictions and entry barriers. Even when HIC institutions invite LMIC experts and offer to pay for their visits, they struggle to get visas and often pay a lot for them. Visa denials can be traumatic. I know this from personal experience.Now, with Covid-19, things are rapidly worsening, with widening income inequity, and vaccine inequities in terms of who is able to access Covid-19 shots. More than half a billion vaccine doses have been administered worldwide so far, and well over three-quarters of them have been used by the world’s richest countries. It might take many years for LMICs to reach a high level of vaccine coverage. The graphic below from NYT is quite striking. This widespread vaccine inequity (’vaccine apartheid’) automatically guarantees that HIC folks will be able to resume traveling for global health work, but LMIC folks will not. Most conferences and meetings in HICs might be out of bounds for LMIC experts, further sideling their expertise and their ability to assume leadership roles in global health. Most global health degrees are concentrated in HICs, and these programs will be harder to access for trainees in LMICs. Closure of borders and scale-back of immigration and refugee programs will further exacerbate the lack of diversity and inclusion that is widespread in global health. As airlines struggle with the economic collapse, flights will likely become more expensive and further penalize folks from LMICs. In essence, global health will become an even bigger one-way street than it already is!In this powerful blog post, Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir counts the costs and missed research and career opportunities for passport-holders from the Global South. Every single cost and barrier she lists will likely get worse with Covid-19 vaccine passport and testing requirements for travel. compared to those who have passport privileges, international scholars may lack opportunities for building international collaborations, giving invited talks or lectures abroad, attending international events or conferences, and serving on international disciplinary organisations to voice their perspective. This state of affairs has an impact on the long-term career trajectories of international academics as they encounter penalties for the lack of these experiences on their CV. Subsequently, it does not come as a surprise that Global South scholars may look less capable in comparison to their Western counterparts when it comes to job applications - Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir
As Maryn McKenna put it, “the arrival of vaccine passports could let affluent societies reach the far side of the pandemic while poor ones are still waiting to be protected from it, reinforcing the economic divides that the pandemic made so evident.”"The entrenched tiering globally that has always existed is being perpetuated, albeit unintentionally, as vaccine passports will effectively prioritize the mobility of people who are already privileged. The future requirement of digital documentation that demonstrates Covid-19 vaccine status may exacerbate inequality and leave many behind," wrote Joshua Cohen in this recent Forbes article.If there is one silver lining, it is that the pandemic has allowed us to re-imagine global health education. As described in a recent article by 20 global health professors, global health teaching can be improved by using Covid-19 as a teachable moment to focus on equity and human rights as a central theme. The online format allows instructors to center voices from the Global South, Indigenous scholars, and individuals with lived experience of oppression and resilience. Remote teaching also helps us reach wider and diverse audiences, including groups that may not be enrolled in traditional degree programs. As global meetings, conferences and courses move online, it has definitely made it easier for our colleagues from LMICs to share their knowledge and expertise.But any discussion on online technologies must consider the digital divide. Poor internet connectivity is still a big challenge for many LMICs, and might worsen inequities by favoring affluent participants in larger cities and middle-income countries. A sudden, dramatic shift to online learning as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic risks widening educational inequalities.In summary, the power asymmetry and supremacy that pervades all aspects of global health will further privilege HIC folks, with the advent of vaccine passports, which exacerbates the inequities already seen in vaccine access. People and institutions who care about global health must work harder to advocate for vaccine equity, and against the use of vaccine passports to discriminate against trainees and professionals in the Global South.

#Covid-19#migrant#migration#sante#globalsouth#inegalite#passeportvaccinal#edication#circulation#frontiere#discrimination

#Evelop / #Barceló_Group : deportation planes from Spain

The Barceló Group is a leading Spanish travel and hotel company whose airline Evelop is an eager deportation profiteer. Evelop is currently the Spanish government’s main charter deportation partner, running all the country’s mass expulsion flights through a two-year contract, while carrying out deportations from several other European countries as well.

This profile has been written in response to requests from anti-deportation campaigners. We look at how:

- The Barceló Group’s airline Evelop has a €9.9m, 18-month deportation contract with the Spanish government. The contract is up for renewal and Barceló is bidding again.
- Primary beneficiaries of the contract alternate every few years between Evelop and Globalia’s Air Europa.
– Evelop also carried out deportations from the UK last year to Jamaica, Ghana and Nigeria.
– The Barceló Group is run and owned by the Barceló family. It is currently co-chaired by the Barceló cousins, Simón Barceló Tous and Simón Pedro Barceló Vadell. Former senator Simón Pedro Barceló Vadell, of the conservative Partido Popular (PP) party, takes the more public-facing role.
– The company is Spain’s second biggest hotel company, although the coronavirus pandemic appears to have significantly impacted this aspect of its work.

What’s the business?

The Barceló Group (‘#Barceló_Corporación_Empresarial, S.A.’) is made up of the #Barceló_Hotel_Group, Spain’s second largest hotel company, and a travel agency and tour operator division known as #Ávoris. Ávoris runs two airlines: the Portuguese brand #Orbest, which anti-deportation campaigners report have also carried out charter deportations, and the Spanish company, #Evelop, founded in 2013.

The Barceló Group is based in Palma, #Mallorca. It was founded by the Mallorca-based Barceló family in 1931 as #Autocares_Barceló, which specialised in the transportation of people and goods, and has been managed by the family for three generations. The Barceló Group has a stock of over 250 hotels in 22 countries and claims to employ over 33,000 people globally, though we don’t know if this figure has been affected by the coronavirus pandemic, which has caused massive job losses in the tourism industry.

The Hotel division has four brands: #Royal_Hideaway_Luxury_Hotels & Resorts; #Barceló_Hotels & Resorts; #Occidental_Hotels & Resorts; and #Allegro_Hotels. The company owns, manages and rents hotels worldwide, mostly in Spain, Mexico and the US. It works in the United States through its subsidiary, Crestline Hotels & Resorts, which manages third-party hotels, including for big brands like Marriott and Hilton.

Ávoris, the travel division, runs twelve tour brands, all platforms promoting package holidays.

Their airlines are small, primarily focused on taking people to sun and sand-filled holidays. In total the Barceló Group airlines have a fleet of just nine aircraft, with one on order, according to the Planespotters website. However, three of these have been acquired in the past two years and a fourth is due to be delivered. Half are leased from Irish airplane lessor Avolon. Evelop serves only a few routes, mainly between the Caribbean and the Iberian peninsula, as well as the UK.

Major changes are afoot as Ávoris is due to merge with #Halcón_Viajes_and_Travelplan, both subsidiaries of fellow Mallorcan travel giant #Globalia. The combined entity will become the largest group of travel agencies in Spain, employing around 6,000 people. The Barceló Group is due to have the majority stake in the new business.

Barceló has also recently announced the merger of Evelop with its other airline Orbest, leading to a new airline called Iberojet (the name of a travel agency already operated by Ávoris).

The new airline is starting to sell scheduled flights in addition to charter operations. Evelop had already announced a reduction in its charter service, at a time when its scheduled airline competitors, such as #Air_Europa, have had to be bailed out to avoid pandemic-induced bankruptcy. Its first scheduled flights will be mainly to destinations in Central and South America, notably Cuba and the Domican Republic, though they are also offering flights to Tunisia, the Maldives and Mauritius.

https://corporatewatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/royal-hideaway-2.jpg

Deportation dealers

Evelop currently holds the contract to carry out the Spanish government’s mass deportation flights, through an agreement made with the Spanish Interior Ministry in December 2019. Another company, Air Nostrum, which operates the Iberia Regional franchise, transports detainees within Spain, notably to Madrid, from where they are deported by Evelop. The total value of the contract for the two airlines is €9.9m, and lasts 18 months.

This is the latest in a long series of such contracts. Over the years, the beneficiaries have alternated between the Evelop- #Air_Nostrum partnership, and another partnership comprising Globalia’s #Air_Europa, and #Swiftair (with the former taking the equivalent role to that of Evelop). So far, the Evelop partnership has been awarded the job twice, while its Air Europa rival has won the bidding three times.

However, the current deal will end in spring 2021, and a new tender for a contract of the same value has been launched. The two bidders are: Evelop-Air Nostrum; and Air Europa in partnership with #Aeronova, another Globalia subsidiary. A third operator, #Canary_Fly, has been excluded from the bidding for failing to produce all the required documentation. So yet again, the contract will be awarded to companies either owned by the Barceló Group or Globalia.

On 10 November 2020, Evelop carried out the first charter deportations from Spain since the restrictions on travel brought about by the cCOVID-19 pandemic. On board were 22 migrants, mostly Senegalese, who had travelled by boat to the Canary Islands. Evelop and the Spanish government dumped them in Mauritania, under an agreement with the country to accept any migrants arriving on the shores of the Islands. According to El País newspaper, the number of actual Mauritanians deported to that country is a significant minority of all deportees. Anti-deportation campaigners state that since the easing up of travel restrictions, Evelop has also deported people to Georgia, Albania, Colombia and the Dominican Republic.

Evelop is not only eager to cash in on deportations in Spain. Here in the UK, Evelop carried out at least two charter deportations last year: one to Ghana and Nigeria from Stansted on 30 January 2020; and one to Jamaica from Doncaster airport on 11 February in the same year. These deportations took place during a period of mobile network outages across Harmondsworth and Colnbrook detention centres, which interfered with detainees’ ability to access legal advice to challenge their expulsion, or speak to loved ones.

According to campaigners, the company reportedly operates most of Austria and Germany’s deportations to Nigeria and Ghana, including a recent joint flight on 19 January. It also has operated deportations from Germany to Pakistan and Bangladesh.

https://corporatewatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Evelop-Vienna-Munich-Lagos.png

Evelop is not the only company profiting from Spain’s deportation machine. The Spanish government also regularly deports people on commercial flights operated by airlines such as Air Maroc, Air Senegal, and Iberia, as well as mass deportations by ferry to Morocco and Algeria through the companies #Transmediterránea, #Baleària and #Algérie_Ferries. #Ferry deportations are currently on hold due to the pandemic, but Air Maroc reportedly still carry out regular deportations on commercial flights to Moroccan-occupied Western Sahara.

Where’s the money?

The financial outlook for the Barceló Group as a whole at the end of 2019 seemed strong, having made a net profit of €135 million.

Before the pandemic, the company president said that he had planned to prioritise its hotels division over its tour operator segment, which includes its airlines. Fast forward a couple of years and its hotels are struggling to attract custom, while one of its airlines has secured a multimillion-euro deportation contract.

Unsurprisingly, the coronavirus pandemic has had a huge impact on the Barceló Group’s operations. The company had to close nearly all of its hotels in Europe, the Middle East and Africa during the first wave of the pandemic, with revenue down 99%. In the Caribbean, the hotel group saw a 95% drop in revenue in May, April and June. They fared slightly better in the US, which saw far fewer COVID-19 restrictions, yet revenue there still declined 89%. By early October, between 20-60% of their hotels in Europe, the Middle East and the Caribbean had reopened across the regions, but with occupancy at only 20-60%.

The company has been negotiating payments with hotels and aircraft lessors in light of reduced demand. It claims that it has not however had to cut jobs, since the Spanish government’s COVID-19 temporary redundancy plans enable some workers to be furloughed and prevent employers from firing them in that time.

Despite these difficulties, the company may be saved, like other tourism multinationals, by a big bailout from the state. Barceló’s Ávoris division is set to share a €320 million bailout from the Spanish government as part of the merger with Globalia’s subsidiaries. Is not known if the Barceló Group’s hotel lines will benefit from state funds.

Key people

The eight members of the executive board are unsurprisingly, male, pale and frail; as are all ten members of the Ávoris management team.

The company is co-chaired by cousins with confusingly similar names: #Simón_Barceló_Tous and #Simón_Pedro_Barceló_Vadell. We’ll call them #Barceló_Tous and #Pedro_Barceló from here. The family are from Felanitx, Mallorca.

Barceló Tous is the much more low-key of the two, and there is little public information about him. Largely based in the Dominican Republic, he takes care of the Central & Latin American segment of the business.

His cousin, Pedro Barceló, runs the European and North American division. Son of Group co-founder #Gabriel_Barceló_Oliver, Pedro Barceló is a law graduate who has been described as ‘reserved’ and ‘elusive’. He is the company’s executive president. Yet despite his apparent shyness, he was once the youngest senator in Spanish history, entering the upper house at age 23 as a representative for the conservative party with links to the Francoist past, #Partido_Popular. For a period he was also a member of the board of directors of Globalia, Aena and #First_Choice_Holidays.

The CEO of Evelop is #Antonio_Mota_Sandoval, formerly the company’s technical and maintenance director. He’s very found of #drones and is CEO and founder of a company called #Aerosolutions. The latter describes itself as ‘Engineering, Consulting and Training Services for conventional and unmanned aviation.’ Mota appears to live in Alcalá de Henares, a town just outside Madrid. He is on Twitter and Facebook.

https://corporatewatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Barceloboys-1024x542.png

The Barceló Foundation

As is so often the case with large businesses engaging in unethical practises, the family set up a charitable arm, the #Barceló_Foundation. It manages a pot of €32 million, of which it spent €2m in 2019 on a broad range of charitable activities in Africa, South America and Mallorca. Headed by Antonio Monjo Tomás, it’s run from a prestigious building in Palma known as #Casa_del_Marqués_de_Reguer-Rullán, owned by the Barceló family. The foundation also runs the #Felanitx_Art & Culture Center, reportedly based at the Barceló’s family home. The foundation partners with many Catholic missions and sponsors the #Capella_Mallorquina, a local choir. The foundation is on Twitter and Facebook.

The Barceló Group’s vulnerabilities

Like other tourism businesses, the group is struggling with the industry-wide downturn due to COVID-19 travel measures. In this context, government contracts provide a rare reliable source of steady income — and the Barcelós will be loathe to give up deportation work. In Spain, perhaps even more than elsewhere, the tourism industry and its leading dynasties has very close ties with government and politicians. Airlines are getting heavy bailouts from the Spanish state, and their bosses will want to keep up good relations.

But the deportation business could become less attractive for the group if campaigners keep up the pressure — particularly outside Spain, where reputational damage may outweigh the profits from occasional flights. Having carried out a charter deportation to Jamaica from the UK earlier in the year, the company became a target of a social media campaign in December 2020 ahead of the Jamaica 50 flight, after which they reportedly said that they were not involved. A lesser-known Spanish airline, Privilege Style, did the job instead.

▻https://corporatewatch.org/evelop-barcelo-group-deportation-planes-from-spain
#Espagne #business #compagnies_aériennes #complexe_militaro-industriel #renvois #expulsions #migrations #réfugiés #asile #tourisme #charter #Maurtianie #îles_Canaries #Canaries #Géorgie #Albanie #Colombie #République_dominicaine #Ghana #Nigeria #Allemagne #Standsted #UK #Angleterre #Pakistan #Bangladesh #Air_Maroc #Air_Senegal #Iberia #Maroc #Algérie #ferrys #Sahara_occidental #covid-19 #pandémie #coronavirus #hôtels #fondation #philanthrocapitalisme

ping @isskein @karine4

Basculements
Mondes émergents, possibles désirables

Ernest London

▻https://lavoiedujaguar.net/Basculements-Mondes-emergents-possibles-desirables

Dénonçant la notion d’effondrement, qui dépolitise les enjeux en postulant une trajectoire unique et comme jouée d’avance, Jérôme Baschet, qui a enseigné à l’Universidad Autonoma de Chiapas, à San Cristóbal de Las Casas, propose celle de « basculements » qui fait place, au contraire, à l’imprévisibilité croissante de notre temps et au rôle central de la mobilisation politique. Alors qu’« un microscopique fragment de l’à peine-vivant » a provoqué « la paralysie d’une machinerie aussi ample et ramifiée que l’économie mondiale », supposant la reproduction d’autres crises systémiques du capitalisme, il esquisse plusieurs scénarios, dont celui d’une ouverture des possibles qui nous engagerait vers des manières de vivre échappant aux logiques du système-monde capitaliste.

Il tente, tout d’abord, de cerner les tendances principales que la crise du coronavirus a pu induire, amplifier ou affecter significativement : accélération de la numérisation généralisée ; modification des équilibres géostratégiques, confirmant l’effritement de l’hégémonie états-unienne et la montée en puissance de la Chine ; reconfiguration des circuits de la globalisation, notamment avec un mouvement de relocalisations productives dans un souci de souveraineté plutôt que dans une perspective écologique ; interventionnisme accru de l’État dont on attend une réponse face à la pandémie, que l’on critique ses manquements ou l’excès des mesures d’exception. Toutefois, ce serait une erreur de postuler une « opposition diamétrale » entre néolibéralisme et État, puisque le premier a toujours eu besoin du second pour assurer sa bonne régulation, l’État étant appelé à la rescousse pour socialiser les pertes et se désengageant à nouveau pour permettre la privatisation des bénéfices. (...)

#Jérôme_Baschet #capitalisme #économie #globalisation #néolibéralisme #État #pandémie #crise #effondrement #modèle_chinois #Frédéric_Lordon #Murray_Bookchin #Erik_Olin_Wright #expérience_zapatiste #Gilets_jaunes #stratégies #rupture

Migration and asylum: updates to the EU-Africa ’#Joint_Valletta_Action_Plan' on the way

In November 2015 European and African heads of state met at a summit in Valletta, Malta, “to discuss a coordinated answer to the crisis of migration and refugee governance in Europe.” Since then joint activities on migration and asylum have increased significantly, according to documents published here by Statewatch. The Council is now examining an update to the ’Joint Valletta Action Plan’ (JVAP) and considering how to give it “a renewed sense of purpose”.

https://www.statewatch.org/media/1834/jvap-action-plan.jpg

"The #JVAP has an important bearing within the #GAMM [#Global_Approach_on_Migration_and_Mobility] and in the EU migration policies context, since it established the first ever framework for exchanges and monitoring of migration priorities involving a significant number of both European and African partners. The JVAP plays an important role in the implementation of the proposed new Pact on Migration and Asylum, tabled by the Commission in September 2020.

“Over the last five years, the JVAP’s operational focus has grown in size and scope, as evidenced by the JVAP database.

Several other benefits stem from the strategic linkage between the JVAP and the two Processes. One worth mentioning is the growing operationalisation of the regional migration dialogues through, in particular, the development of resources with an operational focus and the participant profiling, increasingly adapted to the stakes of the meetings. For example, the Rabat Process has developed the labelling mechanism, the reference countries system and the laboratory of ideas to step up the implementation and monitoring of each area of the Marrakesh Action Plan.”

“The JVAP is therefore widely seen as having contributed to shaping the political, technical, and financial architecture of EU-Africa engagement on migration and mobility. At the same time, the JVAP provides a forum of discussion that rises to the political level and so could serve as a forum for debate and discussion in the future, especially should political circumstances call for high-level multilateral engagement on migration.”

▻https://www.statewatch.org/news/2021/february/migration-and-asylum-updates-to-the-eu-africa-joint-valletta-action-plan

#update #mise_à_jour #Valletta #externalisation #asile #migrations #réfugiés #sommet_de_La_Vallette #La_Vallette #Vallette

–---

ajouté à la métaliste sur l’externalisation:
►https://seenthis.net/messages/731749

#Global_social_theory

https://i.imgur.com/DSyUpYY.png

This site is intended as a free resource for students, teachers, academics, and others interested in social theory and wishing to understand it in global perspective. It emerges from a long-standing concern with the parochiality of standard perspectives on social theory and seeks to provide an introduction to a variety of theorists and theories from around the world. The particular impetus for the setting up of the site was the recent campaign organised by students in the UK asking ‘Why is my curriculum white?‘ This site is one attempt to build resources that will hopefully complement and broaden our shared conversations in this area.

The site is being developed and resourced collaboratively and will be added to on a regular basis. It hopes to draw upon the knowledge and expertise of all those who read it and so, please, do get in touch and offer an entry on a topic, thinker, or concept that you think should be included at the email address below.

▻https://globalsocialtheory.org

#pensée_critique #concepts #ressources_pédagogiques #géographie_critique #dictionnaire #décolonisation_des_savoirs

ping @cede @karine4 @reka

Digital 2021 Global Overview Report (January 2021) v01
▻https://www.slideshare.net/DataReportal/digital-2021-global-overview-report-january-2021-v01
▻https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/datareportal20210127gd001digital2021globaloverviewreportjanuary20

#digital #global #report

Quelques notes :
– Pourquoi les gens utilisent internet (63% pour trouver de l’info, 56% pour garder contact avec famille et amis, 51% pour apprendre comment faire des choses)
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