industryterm:web portal

Icy surprises at #Rosetta’s #comet
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2016/11/17/icy-surprises-at-rosettas-comet

This article is mirrored from the main ESA Web Portal. #rosetta’s comet approached its most active period last year, the spacecraft spotted carbon dioxide ice – never before seen on a comet – followed by the emergence of two unusually large patches of #water_ice. The carbon dioxide ice layer covered an area comparable to the size of a football pitch, while the two water ice patches were each larger than an Olympic swimming pool and much larger than any signs of water ice previously spotted at the comet. The three icy layers were all found in the same region, on the comet’s southern hemisphere. A combination of the complex shape of the comet, its elongated path around the Sun and the substantial tilt of its spin, seasons are spread unequally between the two hemispheres of the double-lobed (...)

#Comet_67P #Images #Instruments #Science #activity #co2_ice #colour #osiris #VIRTIS

How #Comets are born
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2016/07/28/how-comets-are-born

This story is mirrored from the ESA Web Portal. Detailed analysis of data collected by #Rosetta show that comets are the ancient leftovers of early #solar_system #formation, and not younger fragments resulting from subsequent collisions between other, larger bodies. Understanding how and when objects like #Comet_67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko took shape is of utmost importance in determining how exactly they can be used to interpret the formation and early evolution of our Solar System. A new study addressing this question led by Björn Davidsson of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology in Pasadena (USA), has been published in Astronomy & Astrophysics. If comets are #primordial, then they could help reveal the properties of the solar nebula from which the Sun, (...)

#Instruments #Science #comet #rosetta #rubble_pile #TNOs

#Rosetta finale set for 30 September
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2016/06/30/rosetta-finale-set-for-30-september

This article is mirrored from the ESA Web Portal. #rosetta is set to complete its mission in a controlled descent to the surface of its comet on 30 September. The mission is coming to an end as a result of the spacecraft’s ever-increasing distance from the Sun and Earth. It is heading out towards the orbit of Jupiter, resulting in significantly reduced solar power to operate the craft and its #Instruments, and a reduction in bandwidth available to downlink scientific data. Combined with an ageing spacecraft and payload that have endured the harsh environment of space for over 12 years – not least two years close to a dusty comet – this means that Rosetta is reaching the end of its natural life. Unlike in 2011, when Rosetta was put into a 31-month hibernation for the most distant part of (...)

#Comet_67P #Images #Landing #Operations #Science ##CometLanding #esoc #instruments #landing #manoeuvre #science #trajectory

Europe’s SpaceDataHighway relays first Sentinel-1 images via laser / Telecommunications & Integrated Applications / Our Activities / ESA
▻http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Telecommunications_Integrated_Applications/EDRS/Europe_s_SpaceDataHighway_relays_first_Sentinel-1_images_via_laser

http://www.esa.int/var/esa/storage/images/esa_multimedia/images/2016/06/la_reunion_island_via_laser/16013249-1-eng-GB/La_Reunion_Island_via_laser_large.jpg

ESA today unveiled the first Sentinel-1 satellite images sent via the European Data Relay System’s world-leading laser technology in high orbit.

The two images were taken by the radar on the Copernicus Sentinel-1A over La Reunion Island and its coastal area. The first was scanned in a high-resolution mode, the second in a wide-swath mode that provides broad coverage of surrounding waters, and used in particular for maritime surveillance.

http://www.esa.int/var/esa/storage/images/esa_multimedia/images/2016/06/la_reunion_island_via_laser2/16013453-1-eng-GB/La_Reunion_Island_via_laser.jpg

#Rosetta’s #comet contains ingredients for life
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2016/05/27/rosettas-comet-contains-ingredients-for-life

This story is mirrored from the ESA Web Portal Ingredients regarded as crucial for the origin of life on Earth have been discovered at the comet that ESA’s #rosetta spacecraft has been probing for almost two years. They include the amino acid glycine, which is commonly found in proteins, and phosphorus, a key component of DNA and cell membranes. Scientists have long debated the important possibility that water and organic molecules were brought by asteroids and #Comets to the young Earth after it cooled following its formation, providing some of the key building blocks for the emergence of life. While some comets and asteroids are already known to have water with a composition like that of Earth’s oceans, Rosetta found a significant difference at its comet – fuelling the debate on their (...)

#Comet_67P #Instruments #Science ##perihelion2015 #activity #ground-based_observations #instruments

The colour-changing comet
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2016/04/07/the-colour-changing-comet

This story is mirrored from the ESA web portal, esa.int. Rosetta’s comet has been seen changing colour and brightness in front of the ESA orbiter’s eyes, as the Sun’s heat strips away the older surface to reveal fresher material. Rosetta’s Visible and InfraRed Thermal Imaging Spectrometer, VIRTIS, began to detect these changes in the sunlit parts of Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko – mostly the northern hemisphere and equatorial regions – in the months immediately following the spacecraft’s arrival in August 2014. A new paper, published in the journal Icarus, reports on the early findings of this study, up to November 2014, during which time Rosetta was operating between 100 km to within 10 km of the comet nucleus. At the same time, the comet itself moved along its orbit closer to the Sun, (...)

#Rosetta finds #magnetic_field-free bubble at #comet
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2016/03/11/rosetta-finds-magnetic-field-free-bubble-at-comet

This article is mirrored from the main ESA web portal. ESA’s #rosetta spacecraft has revealed a surprisingly large region around its host comet devoid of any magnetic field. When ESA’s #Giotto flew past #Comet_Halley three decades ago, it found a vast magnetic-free region extending more than 4000 km from the nucleus. This was the first observation of something that scientists had until then only thought about but had never seen. Interplanetary space is pervaded by the #solar_wind, a flow of electrically charged particles streaming from the Sun and carrying its magnetic field across the Solar System. But a comet pouring lots of gas into space obstructs the solar wind. At the interface between the solar wind and the coma of gas around the active comet, particle collisions as well as sunlight (...)

#Comet_67P #Comets #Images #Science #diamagnetic_cavity #rpc #RPC-Mag

Inside #Rosetta’s #comet
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2016/02/04/inside-rosettas-comet

This article is mirrored from the main ESA Web Portal. There are no large caverns inside #Comet_67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. ESA’s #rosetta mission has made measurements that clearly demonstrate this, solving a long-standing mystery. #Comets are the icy remnants left over from the formation of the planets 4.6 billion years ago. A total of eight comets have now been visited by spacecraft and, thanks to these missions, we have built up a picture of the basic properties of these cosmic time capsules. While some questions have been answered, others have been raised. Comets are known to be a mixture of #dust and ice, and if fully compact, they would be heavier than water. However, previous measurements have shown that some of them have extremely low densities, much lower than that of water ice. (...)

#Instruments #Science #comet_interior #radio_science #RSI

Portal Services Help You Plan a Visit to See Abadiania

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Exposed ice on #Rosetta’s #comet confirmed as water
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2016/01/13/exposed-ice-on-rosettas-comet-confirmed-as-water

This article is mirrored from the main ESA Web Portal. Observations made shortly after #rosetta’s arrival at its target comet in 2014 have provided definitive confirmation of the presence of water ice. Although water vapour is the main gas seen flowing from #Comet_67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, the great majority of ice is believed to come from under the comet’s crust, and very few examples of exposed water ice have been found on the surface. However, a detailed analysis by Rosetta’s VIRTIS infrared instrument reveals the composition of the comet’s topmost layer: it is primarily coated in a dark, dry and organic-rich material but with a small amount of water ice mixed in. In the latest study, which focuses on scans between September and November 2014, the team confirms that two areas several (...)

#Comets #Science #instruments #science

#Rosetta and #Philae : one year since #Landing on a #comet
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2015/11/12/rosetta-and-philae-one-year-since-landing-on-a-comet

One year since #philae made its historic landing on a comet, mission teams remain hopeful for renewed contact with the #lander, while also looking ahead to next year’s grand finale: making a controlled impact of the #rosetta orbiter on the comet. This article is mirrored from the main ESA web portal. Rosetta arrived at #Comet_67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko on 6 August 2014, and after an initial survey and selection of a landing site, Philae was delivered to the surface on 12 November. After touching down in the Agilkia region as planned, Philae did not secure itself to the comet, and it bounced to a new location in Abydos. Its flight across the surface is depicted in a new animation, using data collected by Rosetta and Philae to reconstruct the lander’s rotation and attitude (Ed’s note: more (...)

#Images #Instruments #Operations #Science ##CometLanding #instruments #science #trajectory

Astronomy & Astrophysics: #Rosetta special issue
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2015/11/02/astronomy-astrophysics-rosetta-special-issue

A special issue of the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics was published online on Friday, featuring 46 articles based on data collected by Rosetta and #Philae in the mission’s first year at Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Topics covered include the comet’s shape and formation theories, the evolution and nature of its activity, the composition of the coma, and the coma’s interaction with the solar wind. For a full list of contents, click here. Many of these papers were published over the past few months, and several were already covered by news articles here on the ESA blog and/or the main ESA web portal; you can find the news items linked from the table of contents by clicking on the ‘press release’ button.      

#Science #rosetta #science

First detection of molecular oxygen at a #comet
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2015/10/28/first-detection-of-molecular-oxygen-at-a-comet

ESA’s #Rosetta spacecraft has made the first in situ detection of oxygen molecules outgassing from a comet, a surprising observation that suggests they were incorporated into the comet during its formation. This news story is mirrored from the main ESA web portal. #rosetta has been studying #Comet_67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko for over a year and has detected an abundance of different gases pouring from its nucleus. #water vapour, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are the most prolific, with a rich array of other nitrogen-, sulphur- and carbon-bearing species, and even ‘noble gases’ also recorded. Oxygen is the third most abundant element in the Universe, but the simplest molecular version of the gas, O2, has proven surprisingly hard to track down, even in star-forming clouds, because it is highly (...)

#Comets #Instruments #Science #coma #instruments #science

How #Rosetta’s #comet got its shape
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2015/09/28/how-rosettas-comet-got-its-shape

This news item is mirrored from the main ESA Web Portal. Two #Comets collided at low speed in the early Solar System to give rise to the distinctive ‘rubber duck’ shape of #Comet_67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, say #rosetta scientists. The origin of the comet’s double-lobed form has been a key question since Rosetta first revealed its surprising shape in July 2014. Two leading ideas emerged: did two comets merge or did localised erosion of a single object form the ‘neck’? Now, scientists have an unambiguous answer to the conundrum. By using high-resolution #Images taken between 6 August 2014 and 17 March 2015 to study the layers of material seen all over the nucleus, they have shown that the shape arose from a low-speed collision between two fully fledged, separately formed comets. “It is clear from (...)

#Science #instruments #science

#Rosetta reveals #comet’s water-ice cycle
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2015/09/23/rosetta-reveals-comets-water-ice-cycle

ESA’s #rosetta spacecraft has provided evidence for a daily water-ice cycle on and near the surface of #Comets. This story is mirrored from the main ESA web portal. Comets are celestial bodies comprising a mixture of dust and ices, which they periodically shed as they swing towards their closest point to the Sun along their highly eccentric orbits. As sunlight heats the frozen nucleus of a comet, the ice in it – mainly water but also other ‘volatiles’ such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide – turns directly into a gas. This gas flows away from the comet, carrying dust particles along. Together, gas and dust build up the bright halo and tails that are characteristic of comets. Rosetta arrived at #Comet_67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko in August 2014 and has been studying it up close for over a (...)

#Instruments #Science #instruments #science

#Rosetta’s big day in the Sun
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2015/08/13/rosettas-big-day-in-the-sun

ESA’s #rosetta today witnessed #Comet_67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko making its closest approach to the Sun. The exact moment of #perihelion occurred at 02:03 GMT this morning when the #comet came within 186 million km of the Sun. Read the full story and see the latest #Images on the ESA Web Portal. (coming soon on the blog too)

#Ground-based_observations #Instruments #Science ##perihelion2015

Comet’s firework display ahead of perihelion
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2015/08/11/comets-firework-display-ahead-of-perihelion

This article is mirrored from the main ESA Web Portal. In the approach to perihelion over the past few weeks, #Rosetta has been witnessing growing activity from #Comet_67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, with one dramatic outburst event proving so powerful that it even pushed away the incoming solar wind. The comet reaches perihelion on Thursday, the moment in its 6.5-year orbit when it is closest to the Sun. In recent months, the increasing solar energy has been warming the comet’s frozen ices, turning them to gas, which pours out into space, dragging dust along with it. The period around perihelion is scientifically very important, as the intensity of the sunlight increases and parts of the comet previously cast in years of darkness are flooded with sunlight. Although the comet’s general activity (...)

#Comets #CometWatch #Images #Instruments #Science ##CometWatch ##perihelion2015 #instruments #rosetta #science

Celebrating a year at the #comet
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2015/08/06/celebrating-a-year-at-the-comet

This article is mirrored from the main ESA Web Portal ESA’s #Rosetta mission today celebrates one year at #Comet_67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, with its closest approach to the Sun now just one week away. It’s been a long but exciting journey for #rosetta since its launch in 2004, featuring Earth, Mars and two asteroid flybys before arriving at its ultimate destination on 6 August 2014. Over the following months, the mission became the first ever to orbit a comet and the first to soft land a probe – #Philae – on its surface. The mission teams have had to overcome many challenges in learning to fly in an unpredictable and sometimes inhospitable environment, and the spacecraft has returned a wealth of outstanding scientific data from this intriguing comet, spanning its interior, the dramatic surface (...)

#Arrival #Comets #CometWatch #Images #Instruments #media #On_this_day #Operations #Science ##CometLanding ##CometWatch ##RosettaAreWeThereYet ##WakeUpRosetta #flyby #instruments #lander #landing_day #philae #science #trajectory #wake-up

#Science on the surface of a #comet
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2015/07/30/science-on-the-surface-of-a-comet

Complex molecules that could be key building blocks of life, the daily rise and fall of temperature, and an assessment of the surface properties and internal structure of the comet are just some of the highlights of the first scientific analysis of the data returned by #Rosetta’s #lander #Philae last November. This article is mirrored from the main ESA Web Portal. Early results from Philae’s first suite of scientific observations of #Comet_67P/Churyumov­-Gerasimenko were published today in a special edition of the journal #science. Data were obtained during the lander’s seven-hour descent to its first touchdown at the Agilkia #Landing site, which then triggered the start of a sequence of predefined experiments. But shortly after touchdown, it became apparent that Philae had rebounded and so a (...)

#Comets #Images #Instruments #Operations ##CometLanding #instruments #landing_day #timeline

#comet sinkholes generate jets
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2015/07/01/comet-sinkholes-generate-jets

This story is mirrored from the main ESA web portal and is based on a paper just published in the journal Nature. A number of the dust jets emerging from #Rosetta’s comet can be traced back to active pits that were likely formed by a sudden collapse of the surface. These ‘sinkholes’ are providing a glimpse at the chaotic and diverse interior of the comet. #rosetta has been monitoring #Comet_67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko’s activity for over a year, watching how its halo of dust and gas grows as the comet moves closer to the Sun along its orbit. From a distance of a few hundred kilometres, Rosetta observes an intricate pattern of the dust jets emitted from the nucleus as they stream out into space. But now, thanks to high-resolution #Images from the OSIRIS camera from distances of just 10–30 km from (...)

#Comets #Instruments #Science #instruments #science

Exposed water ice detected on #comet’s surface
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2015/06/24/exposed-water-ice-detected-on-comets-surface

This article is mirrored from the main ESA web portal and covers the results published in a new paper in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics titled “OSIRIS observations of metre-size exposures of H2O ice at the surface of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko and interpretation using laboratory experiments,” by Antoine Pommerol et al. Using the high-resolution #Science camera on board ESA’s #Rosetta spacecraft, scientists have identified more than a hundred patches of water ice a few metres in size on the surface of #Comet_67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. #rosetta arrived at the comet in August 2014 at a distance of about 100 km and eventually orbited the comet at 10 km or less, allowing high-resolution images of the surface to be acquired. A new study just published in the journal Astronomy & (...)

#Comets #Instruments #instruments #science

#Rosetta mission extended
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2015/06/23/rosetta-mission-extended

This announcement is mirrored from the main ESA web portal. The adventure continues: ESA today confirmed that its #rosetta mission will be extended until the end of September 2016, at which point the spacecraft will most likely be landed on the surface of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Rosetta was launched in 2004 and arrived at the comet in August 2014, where it has been studying the nucleus and its environment as the comet moves along its 6.5-year orbit closer to the Sun. After a detailed survey, Rosetta deployed the lander, Philae, to the surface on 12 November. Philae fell into hibernation after 57 hours of initial scientific #Operations, but recently awoke and made contact with Rosetta again. Rosetta’s nominal mission was originally funded until the end of December 2015, but at a (...)

#Science #instruments #media #science

Ultraviolet study reveals surprises in #comet coma
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2015/06/02/ultraviolet-study-reveals-surprises-in-comet-coma

This news item is mirrored from the main ESA web portal. #Rosetta’s continued close study of #Comet_67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko has revealed an unexpected process at work, causing the rapid breakup of water and carbon dioxide molecules spewing from the comet’s surface. ESA’s #rosetta mission arrived at the comet in August last year. Since then, it has been orbiting or flying past the comet at distances from as far as several hundred kilometres down to as little as 8 km. While doing so, it has been collecting data on every aspect of the comet’s environment with its suite of 11 #Science #Instruments. One instrument, the Alice spectrograph provided by NASA, has been examining the chemical composition of the comet’s atmosphere, or coma, at far-ultraviolet wavelengths. At these wavelengths, Alice (...)

#Comets #instruments #science

#Rosetta and #Philae find #comet not magnetised
▻http://blogs.esa.int/rosetta/2015/04/14/rosetta-and-philae-find-comet-not-magnetised

This new result was just presented at EGU2015 and is published in #Science Express today. The text is mirrored from our news story on the main ESA web portal. Measurements made by #rosetta and #philae during the probe’s multiple landings on Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko show that the comet’s nucleus is not magnetised. Studying the properties of a comet can provide clues to the role that magnetic fields played in the formation of Solar System bodies almost 4.6 billion years ago. The infant Solar System was once nothing more than a swirling disc of gas and dust but, within a few million years, the Sun burst into life in the centre of this turbulent disc, with the leftover material going into forming the asteroids, #Comets, moons and planets. The dust contained an appreciable fraction of iron, (...)

#Comet_67P #Instruments #Landing ##CometLanding #instruments #lander #science #trajectory

Maphub — exploring and annotating digitized, high-resolution historic #maps
▻http://maphub.github.io

MapHub is a Web portal prototype for georeferencing and annotating digitized, high-resolution historic maps. All annotations will be represented in the Open Annotation Collaboration Data Model.

licence Apache 2.0