#information_design

Don’t say « data visualizations » Imprecise and knotty language is bad for charts.

by RJ Andrews
Jan 28, 2025

▻https://www.chartography.net/p/dont-say-data-visualizations

Sometimes I ask my students to create a visual ontology of words related to our field. You can try it too. Start with words like chart, map, diagram, plot, data story, infographic, data visualization, etc.

Here’s an internally-inconsistent attempt, by me:

https://visionscarto.neocities.org/00-images-seenthis/Capture%20d%E2%80%99e%CC%81cran%202025-01-29%20a%CC%80%2009.57.22.png

[...]

Data visualization is a relatively recent term. Look at its digital-computing rise compared to “graphic method”—a previous way scientists and engineers referred to using pictures to grapple with complex phenomena.

https://visionscarto.neocities.org/00-images-seenthis/Capture%20d%E2%80%99e%CC%81cran%202025-01-29%20a%CC%80%2009.57.27.png

[...]

Data visualization is awkward to write, awkward to say, and inconsistently spelled. Its plural and its lilliputian dataviz are both absurd. It reeks of the kind of language used to make the speaker feel better about themself, not the kind of language that helps convey a message to an audience.

[...]

https://visionscarto.neocities.org/00-images-seenthis/7bb850bd-baea-4311-bfc5-a71b398361ed_400x300.gif

Cartographers don’t say geo-visualization or geo-graphic. They say map. I don’t know why we bother with data visualization when we can just say chart.

Labels for people who make charts are also a mess. Once upon a time, we could call ourselves chartists or chartographers (heh) but neither saw wide adoption. Data storyteller has dulled as the “storytelling” fad has faded. Information designer seems the most generic durable title.

[...]

- Instead of data visualization I say charts or, sometime, data graphics

– I say horizontal and vertical bar charts, often calling the latter column charts.

– I use line graphs, not line charts.

– I don’t say infographic, associating that with tall and ugly web graphics, I use information graphics

– I use diagram to refer to pictorial

– For several years I’ve introduced myself without any fancy language. I just say: “I make charts.” People seem to appreciate the brevity. Data storyteller is still printed in some of my bios, but I say it less than I used to.

#cartographie
#sémiologie
#data_visualisation
#information_design
#graphiques
#cartoexperiment_2025
#terminologie
#mot

Marcelo Duhalde’s Graphics Bring Journalistic Investigations to Life
▻https://nightingaledvs.com/marcelo-duhaldes-graphics-bring-journalistic-investigations-to-life

From plane crashes to coffin houses, Marcelo Duhalde uses #infographics to explore and explain stories for the South China Morning Post.

#Community #Data_Journalism #information_design #Journalism

When Oversimplification Obscures
▻https://nightingaledvs.com/when-oversimplification-obscures

When I first entered the information #Design space, I was eager to expand my knowledge of data (visualization) design and the wide range of disciplines..

#culture #data_communication #Data_Humanism #Data_Visualization #equity #information_design
▻https://nightingaledvs.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Tile_Grid_Area.mp4

Designing for Neurodivergent Audiences
▻https://nightingaledvs.com/designing-for-neurodivergent-audiences

When a group of autistic individuals coined the term #neurodiversity in an attempt to redefine their identity, few would accurately predict the impact it would..

#Data_Visualization #Design #design_decisions #design_for_all #design_principles #How_To #information_design

“What are you going to write for your second?” – An interview with Kenneth Field
▻https://nightingaledvs.com/what-are-you-going-to-write-for-your-second-an-interview-with-kennet

Recently, I had the chance to interview Kenneth Field about his newly published book, Thematic Mapping: 101 Inspiring Ways to Visualise Empirical Data. Kenneth is..

#cartography #Data_Journalism #Data_Visualization #How_To #information_design #Maps

#dashboards Are Not Data Stories
▻https://nightingaledvs.com/dashboards-are-not-data-stories

A few months ago, a longtime client asked if my data communication consultancy could build out a dashboard display for health collaboratives in California doing..

#Charts #data_storytelling #Data_Visualization #How_To #information_design #storytelling

#cognitive_load as a Guide: 12 Spectrums to Improve Your Data Visualizations
▻https://nightingaledvs.com/cognitive-load-as-a-guide-12-spectrums-to-improve-your-data-visualiz

The internet is brimming with tidy lists of #Data_Visualization best practices, and their definitive confidence can be quite comforting. But at the end of..

#Data_Literacy #How_To #information_design

#spotlight : Designer #dogs
▻https://nightingaledvs.com/spotlight-designer-dogs

For TIME’s annual Answers Issue in 2014, the graphics department was tasked with presenting data-driven visual solutions to both simple and complex questions, and compiling..

#Data_Journalism #Data_Visualization #information_design

Comment faire accepter vos designs à vos clients ?
▻https://nightingaledvs.com/comment-faire-accepter-vos-designs-a-vos-clients

To read the English version, click here. Les clients sont un bouc émissaire facile pour nos échecs en tant que designers. Nous aimons penser que c’est..

#Client_Engagement #Data_Visualization #Design_Process #français #French #How_To #information_design

#Review: Julie Mehretu, New #museum of American #Art
▻https://nightingaledvs.com/review-julie-mehretu-new-museum-of-american-art

We are all conglomerations of our influences, remembrances, and fascinations but few artists have assembled them on as vast a scale as Julie Mehretu. The..

#information_design

#the_lie_factor and the Baseline Paradox
▻https://nightingaledvs.com/the-lie-factor-and-the-baseline-paradox

Within the history of data visualisation, there have been written numerous books with #rules on how to properly visualise data. When I started off in..

#Data_Visualization #Design #information_design #the_baseline_principle #Tufte

Florence Nightingale: how the lady with the lamp was guided by father’s advice | Nursing | The Guardian

▻http://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/sep/06/florence-nightingale-how-the-lady-with-the-lamp-was-guided-by-fathers-a

#Florence_Nightingale: how the lady with the lamp was guided by father’s advice

Letters reveal that the 19th-century pioneer’s radical approach to healthcare was inspired by a strict family regime
Florence Nightingale in the hospital at Scutari, Crimean War, 1855
Florence Nightingale on her rounds in the Barrack hospital at Scutari during the Crimean war, 1855.

Dalya Alberge
Sun 6 Sep 2020 08.04 BST

Last modified on Sun 6 Sep 2020 09.17 BST

She was the 19th-century pioneer of modern nursing, dubbed the “lady with the lamp” for her continuous care of wounded soldiers in the Crimean war. In an earlier age of contagion, she was far ahead of her time in realising that cleanliness, fresh air and open-air exercise helped patients recover from injury and disease.

Now a previously unpublished letter that Florence Nightingale received as a teenager from her father reveals that he was a major inspiration in shaping her radical approach to a healthy mind and body.

In 1835, William Nightingale wrote to his daughter setting out a strict regime for keeping fit: “Exercise for 10 minutes every day before breakfast. Before you dress do the exercise of the arms 20 times. In the course of the day 20 minutes’ exercise must be done and if not well done 10 minutes more. Run down to the gate before breakfast by the road … Every day you must be an hour out of doors before dinner unless you have permission to do otherwise.”

#cartographie #visualisation #précurseuses #présurseurs #cartoexperiment #information_design

Communicating Model Uncertainty Over Space - Adam Pearce
▻https://pair-code.github.io/interpretability/uncertainty-over-space

https://i.imgur.com/PiCK42n.png

#information_design #uncertainty

#Information_Design in Public Transportation — Part I
▻https://medium.com/goodpatch-europe/information-design-in-public-transportation-part-i-58e3c9218d9e?ref=heydesig

https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1200/1*EiTJAOx4lMsU-Y1Ze4Qn9w.jpeg

In the past centuries, cartographers — the true pioneers of information design — mapped out the world with all the intricate details they discovered. Of course, not everything could be unearthed at once, so there was often leftover spots on the paper for the great unknown. These white spaces were then covered by fantasy illustrations like sea monsters or imaginary islands in order to fill out the lacking pieces of information.

Today it’s almost the opposite. There’s almost too much information and it has become about reducing complexity. It is overwhelming to see the amount of data we absorb every day, most of it subconsciously seeping into our brains. This overload became apparent early on and almost instantly gave way to the discipline of Information Design, which emerged in the 1970s and reflects a science of presenting #information in a way that fosters efficient and effective understanding of it.

#carto #graphisme

A Few Ounces a Day · Indiana University Libraries Moving Image Archive

Merveilleux petit film de Paul rotha expliquant la fabrique des #Isotypes d’#Otto_Neurath
▻http://collections.libraries.indiana.edu/IULMIA/items/show/2

This film uses diagrams to illustrate the importance of salvaging common everyday items in an effort to reuse important raw materials for building ships. The film asserts that one day’s salvage by the whole British people counteracts the loss of one ship. An emphasis is put on “The importance of salvage to the flow of goods; [and] various examples of useful materials commonly thrown away.” (War Films Bulletin of the Extension Division Indiana University, February, 1943, 10.)

#visualisation #information_design

Des diagrammes inutiles - La boite verte

▻http://www.laboiteverte.fr/des-diagrammes-inutiles/?l=sb1

http://www.laboiteverte.fr/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/diagramme-inutile-01-900x6621.jpg http://laboiteverte.fr/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/diagramme-inutile-11-900x661.jpg

L’architecte Josh Lewandowski dessine à la main chaque jour un diagramme qui n’a pas de sens, vous pouvez en voir plus sur son site ou sur Etsy.

#graphiques #visualisation #design #dessins #information_design

XIII. Internationales Bauhaus-Kolloquium — Dust and Data

▻http://www.bauhaus-kolloquium.de

http://www.bauhaus-kolloquium.de/images/dustanddata-share.png

Bauhaus Colloquium

The International Bauhaus Colloquium is one of the oldest and renowned conferences on questions of theory and history of architecture. The Colloquium was first held in Weimar in 1976 to celebrate the restoration of the derelict Bauhaus building in Dessau and discuss the legacy of the school, and was staged every three or four years thereafter. The invitation of international guests to the GDR (East Germany) marked not only the relative openness of the start of the meltdown years of the Soviet bloc but also an important shift in the reception of Bauhaus history, a legacy previously ignored in East Germany as too individualistic. Each of the meetings in Weimar brought together scholars, theorists, artists, architects and former students from both the East and the West. Given the political climate, presentations necessarily tested the limits of political speech and laid the foundation for an imagined, and indeed fragmented, collection constrained by geopolitical and ideological divisions. The discussion was conditioned by the different ideological positions and offered divergent readings of the school in a conference room that has become one of the heated, if tamed, arenas for Cold-War encounter. It was only when the Iron Curtain was fully drawn aside that a set of historical black boxes, locked up in state and private archives, was opened, allowing for new light to be shed on the period and the ideological colouring of the divergent stories. The conference has become one of the most important institutional events in the international academic landscape – an important site of academic experimentation and reflection upon not only the history of the Bauhaus but also that of modernism, within which it is situated.

#colloque #bauhaus #architecture #design #information_design

Migrants’ road to Europe - Visualoop

▻http://visualoop.com/infographics/migrants-road-to-europe

... Dans un styl qui rappelle furieusement quelqu’un :)

http://visualoop.com/media/2015/09/mappa_migraz_visualoop-1040x856.jpg

#cartographie #visualisation #Information_design #vienne #isotype ...

▶ Designing Information Joel Katz 111834197X - YouTube
▻http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mzKiecpKJp8

Designing Information Joel Katz 111834197X

http://media.wiley.com/product_data/coverImage300/7X/11183419/111834197X.jpg

Wiley: Designing Information: Human Factors and Common Sense in Information Design - Joel Katz

▻http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-111834197X.html

“The book itself is a diagram of clarification, containing hundreds of examples of work by those who favor the communication of information over style and academic postulation—and those who don’t. Many blurbs such as this are written without a thorough reading of the book. Not so in this case. I read it and love it. I suggest you do the same.“ —Richard Saul Wurman

“This handsome, clearly organized book is itself a prime example of the effective presentation of complex visual information.” —eg magazine

“It is a dream book, we were waiting for…on the field of information. On top of the incredible amount of presented knowledge this is also a beautifully designed piece, very easy to follow…” —Krzysztof Lenk, author of Mapping Websites: Digital Media Design

“Making complicated information understandable is becoming the crucial task facing designers in the 21st century. With Designing Information, Joel Katz has created what will surely be an indispensable textbook on the subject.”—Michael Bierut

“Having had the pleasure of a sneak preview, I can only say that this is a magnificent achievement: a combination of intelligent text, fascinating insights and - oh yes - graphics. Congratulations to Joel.”—Judith Harris, author of Pompeii Awakened: A Story of Rediscovery
Designing Information shows designers in all fields - from user-interface design to architecture and engineering - how to design complex data and information for meaning, relevance, and clarity. Written by a worldwide authority on the visualization of complex information, this full-color, heavily illustrated guide provides real-life problems and examples as well as hypothetical and historical examples, demonstrating the conceptual and pragmatic aspects of human factors-driven information design. Both successful and failed design examples are included to help readers understand the principles under discussion.

Joel Katz | The University of the Arts

▻http://www.uarts.edu/users/jkatz

Joel Katz is an adjunct professor in the Graphic Design department. He is principal in the firm of Joel Katz Design Associates, internationally known for its information design and wayfinding programs in Philadelphia, Portland, Ore., and Omaha. He lectures on information design and has exhibited his photography in the U.S. and Europe. He taught at the University of the Arts from 1974 to 1984 and since 2009. He has taught at Yale, RISD, Philadelphia University and John Cabot University in Rome.

The Blog for the Graphic Design Communication Program at Philadelphia University : Joel Katz

▻http://wordpress.philau.edu/graphicdesign/faculty-member/joel-katz

Joel Katz—Designer, Photographer, and Teacher—is widely known for his information design and wayfinding systems. Major wayfinding projects include: Walk!Philadelphia; Ride!Philadelphia, bus shelter maps and historical panels; Central City Portland, Oregon; Downtown Omaha, Nebraska; and schematic design for the MIT Master Plan, which won an Honor Award from the SEGD.

#design #information_design #visualisation #bibliographie

Gjøvik University College - Information graphics

▻http://english.hig.no/course_catalogue/student_handbook/2013_2014/courses/avdeling_for_informatikk_og_medieteknikk/imt1051_information_graphics

Et voilà, très enthousiasmant, je vais donc commencer une série d’enseignements en cartographie et « information design » là, dans cette « haute école pour le design graphique », en quelque sorte le grand centre norvégien d’enseignement pour les médias et le graphisme. C’est à Gjøvik, environ 100 km au Nord d’Oslo en Norvège.

Dans la bibliographie de soutien, il y a : Otto Neurath, Denis Wood et... Alain Gresh connu ici sous le nom de @alaingresh ! attention, le niveau est élevé, va falloir assurer.

http://www.hig.no/var/ezwebin_site/storage/images/media2/images/bygg_rom/gbygget_bredde/569745-1-nor-NO/gbygget_bredde.jpg

Information graphics
2013-2014 - IMT1051 - 10 ECTS

Expected learning outcomes

The course will give the students knowledge of the history of information graphics, characteristics of information graphics in a cognitive perspective, as well as the potential of information graphics as an alternative to text-based or image-based modes of graphic representation. The course will also give the students knowledge of a wide range of genres of information graphics and their advantages and limitations as well as potential for demagogic misuse.

#cartographie #enseignement #graphisme #information_design #gjøvil

Beautiful Science : Picturing Data, Inspiring Insight

▻http://www.bl.uk/whatson/exhibitions/beautiful-science/index.html

Comme d’hab, la british Library nous sort quelques uns de ses nombreux trésors

20 February - 26 May 2014

The Folio Society Gallery; admission free

Turning numbers into pictures that tell important stories and reveal the meaning held within is an essential part of what it means to be a scientist. This is as true in today’s era of genome sequencing and climate models as it was in the 19th century.

http://www.bl.uk/whatson/exhibitions/beautiful-science/farr-cholera-opt.jpg

Beautiful Science explores how our understanding of ourselves and our planet has evolved alongside our ability to represent, graph and map the mass data of the time.

From John Snow’s plotting of the 1854 London cholera infections on a map to colourful depictions of the tree of life, discover how picturing scientific data provides new insight into our lives.

http://www.bl.uk/whatson/exhibitions/beautiful-science/circos-small-nov-opt.jpg

#cartographie #visualisation #data #données #représentation_visuelle #information_design #exposition #british_library

Bauhaus Edition 1: Medienkunst
(Bibliothek)

▻http://absolutmedien.de/film-1352
Filmische Praxis war am Bauhaus ein Teil des Lehrkonzeptes einer „Wissenschaft des Sehens“. Kunst und Technik sollten eine neue Einheit bilden. Film, als technisches Medium par excellence, war wichtiges Element dieser Programmatik. Die erstmals in dieser Edition zusammengestellten filmischen Arbeiten des Bauhauses zur Medienkunst eröffnen einen Einblick in das Spektrum der verschiedenen Kunstgattungen, die am Bauhaus gelehrt und praktiziert wurden und sich gegenseitig be-einflussten. In den ausgewählten Arbeiten von Heinrich Brocksieper, Werner Graeff, Kurt Kranz und Kurt Schwerdtfeger werden Malerei, Zeichnung, Grafik und Installation durch das Medium Film zusätzlich dynamisiert. Inspiriert durch die abstrakten Filme von Hans Richter und Viking Eggeling entwickelten Bauhäusler die moderne Formensprache in medienkünstlerischen Experimenten weiter.

Mit Filmen von Heinrich Brocksieper, Viking Eggeling, Werner Graeff, Kurt Kranz, Hans Richter und Kurt Schwerdtfeger.

Werner Graeff (* 24. August 1901 in Sonnborn; † 29. August 1978 in Blacksburg, Virginia) war ein deutscher Bildhauer, Maler, Grafiker, Fotograf und Erfinder.
(▻http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werner_Graeff)

1. KOMPOSITION I /1922, D 1922 /1977, 2’, stumm, 16mm [ursprünglich 35mm], Farbe, Regie, Kamera, Schnitt, Produktion: Werner Graeff
2. KOMPOSITION II /1922, D 1922 /1959, 2’, stumm, 16mm [ursprünglich 35mm], s /w, Regie, Kamera, Schnitt, Produktion: Werner Graeff

REFLEKTORISCHE FARBLICHTSPIELE
D 1922 /1967, 24’ (Ausschnitt von 17’), Ton, 16mm, Farbe, Konzept und Rekonstruktion: Kurt Schwerdtfeger, Regie, Kamera, Produktion: Rudolf Jüdes
(5 Sätze, lebendige Interpretation, konstruktivisitsche Elemente)

FLÄCHEN, PERPELLERISTISCH
ENTE
NÄHERIN
D ca. 1927-1930, 6’, stumm, 35mm, s /w
Regie, Kamera, Schnitt, Produktion: Heinrich Brocksieper

ZWANZIG BILDER AUS DEM LEBEN EINER KOMPOSITION
D 1927-28 /1972, 2’, stumm, 35mm, Farbe
Regie, Schnitt, Produktion: Kurt Kranz
Trickkamera: Robert Darroll

SCHWARZ : WEISS / WEISS : SCHWARZ
D 1928-29 /1972, 2’, stumm, 35mm, s /w
Regie, Schnitt, Produktion: Kurt Kranz
Trickkamera: Robert Darroll

DER HEROISCHE PFEIL
D 1930 /1972, 8’, stumm, 35mm, s /w
Regie, Schnitt, Produktion: Kurt Kranz
Trickkamera: Robert Darroll

LEPORELLO – ENTWURF FÜR EINEN FARBFILM
D 1930-31 /1972, 5’, stumm, 35mm, Farbe
Regie, Schnitt, Produktion: Kurt Kranz
Trickkamera: Robert Darroll

VARIATIONEN ÜBER EIN GEOMETRISCHES THEMA
D 1944 /1972, 22’, stumm, 35mm, s /w
Regie, Schnitt, Produktion: Kurt Kranz
Trickkamera: Robert Darroll

RHYTHMUS 21
D 1921 /1923, 4’, stumm, 35mm
Regie, Schnitt, Produktion: Hans Richter
Trickkamera: Svend Noldan

RHYTHMUS 23
D 1923 /1925, 4’, stumm, 35mm
Regie, Schnitt, Produktion: Hans Richter
Trickkamera: Svend Noldan

SYMPHONIE DIAGONALE
(DIAGONAL SINFONIE)
D 1921-1924 / 25, 3’, stumm, 35mm
Regie, Schnitt, Produktion: Viking Eggeling. Zeichnungen: u. a. Erna Niemeyer. Trickkamera: Svend Noldan

Filmische Praxis war für Bauhauslehrer und -schüler ein wichtiges Element des Lehrkonzeptes einer »Wissenschaft des Sehens«. Kunst und Technik sollten eine neue Einheit bilden und da durfte der Film, das technische Medium par excellence, nicht fehlen. Die erstmals in dieser Edition zusammengestellten filmischen Arbeiten des Bauhauses zur Medienkunst eröffnen einen Einblick in das umfassende Spektrum der verschiedenen Kunstgattungen, die am Bauhaus gelehrt undpraktiziert wurden und die sich gegenseitig beeinflussten.Neben den Bauhausmeistern inspirierten die abstrakten Filme von Hans Richter und Viking Eggeling die Filmexperimente der Bauhausschüler. In den ausgewählten Arbeiten von Kurt Kranz, Werner Graeff und Heinrich Brocksieper werden Malereien, Zeichnung und Grafiken durch das Medium Film eine zeitliche Dimension hinzugefügt und die moderne Formensprache zusätzlich dynamisiert.

▻https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NURJTXCJoxE

#dvd #film #experiment #wahrnehmung #videoart #history

War Otto Neurath ein englischer Roma? « formweh

▻http://formweh.de/?p=704

Das Museum für Angewandte Kunst in Wien schickt mir Presseinformationen zu einer Ausstellung über den Wiener Sozialisten, Universalgelehrten und Pionier der visuellen Kommunikation Otto Neurath. Warum der Titel der Ausstellung Gypsy Urbanism lautet, wird dem unbedarften Leser nicht deutlich. War Neurath etwa ein englischer Roma? Des Rätsels Lösung: Die Ausstellung geht auf eine amerikanische Dissertation zurück, deren aus dem Deutschen übersetzten Titel man übernahm, eine Rolle rückwärts, mit der ein spannendes Projekt unnötigerweise in den Ruch modischen Sprachfremdelns gerät.

https://dl.dropbox.com/s/zkt2v9zolnwpft0/neurath_vienne.jpg

#otto_neurath #visualisation #information_design

Urwiener Type - Bildende Kunst - derStandard.at › Kultur

►http://derstandard.at/1295570984156/London-Urwiener-Type

Eine Ausstellung im Victoria & Albert Museum widmet sich der internationalen Bildsprache „Isotype“ und ihrem Wiener Erfinder Otto Neurath

http://images.derstandard.at/t/12/2011/01/27/1295590587834.jpg

Einen Koloss nannten ihn Zeitgenossen, aber keinen sanften Riesen. Barsch soll der Mann seine Gedanken mitunter ausgebreitet haben. Wenngleich mit der zwingenden Logik des Philosophen und Ökonomen - hinter dessen rigoroser Art schnell der sensible Menschenfreund spürbar wurde.

#otto_neurath #visualisation #information_design

Otto Neurath | Pictorial Statistics

▻http://www.neha.nl/neurath/archives.php

There are five institutes with holdings pertaining to Otto Neurath’s pictorial statistics. These are the Österreichisches Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsmuseum (ÖGWM) and the Institute Vienna Circle/IVC (both in Vienna, Austria), the Gemeentemuseum, The Hague, The International Institute of Social History (nederlandsch Economisch-Historisch Archief) and the Vienna Circle Foundation, Haarlem, and the Isotype Collection at the University of Reading.

http://www.neha.nl/neurath/images/banner_neurath.jpg

Original material at the IVC, consists of 10 exhibition charts produced by the Mundaneum Wien between 1929 and 1933. The charts and his Arbeitsbibliothek were donated to the IVC by Otto’s son, Paul Neurath. The ÖGWM in Vienna, the successor to Otto Neurath’s original GWM, was established in 1945, with its old name Verein Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsmuseum. The ÖGWM’s holdings of primary materials are limited in scope and accessibility. They comprise some original charts, books in first editions, papers, leaflets, and brochures. Not incorporated in the library but held separately, these materials are stored, without classification, cataloguing or systematic listings [source: Hadwig Kraeutler, Otto Neurath. Museum and Exhibition Work. Spaces (Designed) for Communication (Frankfurt am Main, etc. 2008) 103-104].

AVec une biblio thrès exhaustive ici

▻http://www.neha.nl/neurath/biblio.php

#otto_neurath #visualisation #information_design