organization:university of oregon

  • We Are Nowhere Close to the Limits of Athletic Performance - Issue 51: Limits
    http://nautil.us/issue/51/limits/we-are-nowhere-close-to-the-limits-of-athletic-performance-rp

    For many years I lived in Eugene, Oregon, also known as “track-town USA” for its long tradition in track and field. Each summer high-profile meets like the United States National Championships or Olympic Trials would bring world-class competitors to the University of Oregon’s Hayward Field. It was exciting to bump into great athletes at the local cafe or ice cream shop, or even find myself lifting weights or running on a track next to them. One morning I was shocked to be passed as if standing still by a woman running 400-meter repeats. Her training pace was as fast as I could run a flat out sprint over a much shorter distance. The simple fact was that she was an extreme outlier, and I wasn’t. Athletic performance follows a normal distribution, like many other quantities in nature. That (...)

  • Is Consciousness Fractal? - Issue 47: Consciousness
    http://nautil.us/issue/47/consciousness/is-consciousness-fractal

    In one way, Jackson Pollock’s mathematics was ahead of its time. When the reclusive artist poured paint from cans onto vast canvases laid out across the floor of his barn in the late 1940s and early 1950s, he created splatters of paint that seemed completely random. Some interpretations saw them as a statement about the futility of World War II, others as a commentary on art as experience rather than representation. As Pollock refined his technique over the years, critics became increasingly receptive to his work, launching him into the public eye. “We have a deliberate disorder of hypothetical hidden orders,” one critic wrote, “or ‘multiple labyrinths.’ ” In 1999, Richard Taylor, a physicist at the University of Oregon, expressed the “hidden orders” of Pollock’s work in a very different way. (...)

  • We Are Nowhere Close to the Limits of Athletic Performance - Issue 39: Sport
    http://nautil.us/issue/39/sport/we-are-nowhere-close-to-the-limits-of-athletic-performance

    For many years I lived in Eugene, Oregon, also known as “track-town USA” for its long tradition in track and field. Each summer high-profile meets like the United States National Championships or Olympic Trials would bring world-class competitors to the University of Oregon’s Hayward Field. It was exciting to bump into great athletes at the local cafe or ice cream shop, or even find myself lifting weights or running on a track next to them. One morning I was shocked to be passed as if standing still by a woman running 400-meter repeats. Her training pace was as fast as I could run a flat out sprint over a much shorter distance. The simple fact was that she was an extreme outlier, and I wasn’t. Athletic performance follows a normal distribution, like many other quantities in nature. That (...)

  • Visualizing Risk and Potential: Migrants in Zones of Transit

    This month, Youth Circulations features a series of conversations between two migration scholars, Heide Castañeda (University of South Florida) and Kristin Yarris (University of Oregon). Drs. Castañeda and Yarris creatively and critically examine representations of the circulation of Central American and Mexican migrants through what they describe as a zone of transit in Western Mexico. Their research is funded by The Wenner Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research, and is a collaboration with Dr. Juan Manuel Mendoza, of the Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa.

    This is why photography is a powerful medium: It permits not only the documentation of the risks and desperations associated with migration, but in offering a human portrait of the journey, can provoke a sense of obligation to respond in meaningful ways. As the Department of Homeland Security currently enacts a series of raids targeting hundreds of Central American families, this issue must not be a convenient pawn in the political games of an election year. The circumstances spurring migration have not changed. People must be treated as refugees seeking protection and given meaningful access to due process provisions that exist under U.S. and international refugee law.

    http://www.youthcirculations.com/blog/2016/1/25/visualizing-risk-and-potential-migrants-in-zones-of-transit

    #Mexique #Amérique_centrale #migrations #photographie #critique_photographique #analyse_d'images
    cc @albertocampiphoto

  • Youths sue U.S. government over climate inaction | Al Jazeera America
    http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/5/4/youth-sue-governmentforclimateinaction.html

    Supported by more than 30 environmental and constitutional professors, the young plaintiffs name six federal agencies in their suit — the Environmental Protection Agency and the Interior, Agriculture, Commerce, Energy and Defense departments.

    “The welfare of youth is directly affected by the failure of government to confront human-made climate change, and unless the government acts immediately to rapidly reduce carbon emissions ... youth will face irrevocable harm: the collapse of natural resource systems and a largely uninhabitable nation,” reads the complaint.

    In addition to the federal suit, actions were filed in all 50 states, with help from Our Children’s Trust, an Oregon-based nonprofit that supports young people through legal efforts.

    The scale of the campaign is unprecedented, according to law professor Mary Wood, faculty director at the Environmental and Natural Resources Law Program at the University of Oregon.

    “Never before in the history of our laws have we seen a coordinated set of legal actions on this scale,” she said.

    The monumental campaign matches the magnitude of the problem, supporters say.

    • Réchauffement climatique : des milliers de jeunes Américains attaquent leur gouvernement devant les tribunaux | Slate.fr
      http://www.slate.fr/monde/86751/rechauffement-climatique-jeunes-americains-attaquent-gouvernement

      Problème : cette cour a annoncé qu’elle annulait l’audition des arguments des plaignants qui devait avoir lieu le 2 mai 2014, se fondant sur les documents écrits. Pour l’avocat des jeunes, Thomas Beers, cela signifie que la cour estime que le cas est assez clair et n’a pas besoin d’auditions en plus du dossier, épais de plusieurs centaines de pages et disposant d’un appui scientifique fort en la personne de James Hansen, chercheur de la Nasa à la retraite qui se consacre à la défense de la cause environnementale, explique Al Jazeera.

      Mais des experts juridiques estiment qu’il s’agit en revanche d’un mauvais signe pour les jeunes plaignants, qui ont auparavant essuyé plusieurs rejets en première instance. Professeur de droit soutenant la cause des jeunes, Patrick Parenteau regrette ce choix :

      « Il est dommage que la cour choisisse de ne pas donner aux jeunes plaignants l’opportunité d’une audience dans un cas d’une telle importance pour lequel les enjeux sont nouveaux et impliquent des réclamations solides. »

      L’argument juridique avancé, la doctrine dite de la confiance commune (« Public trust doctrine »), dérive du droit romain et du concept de propriété commune de certains biens comme les ressources naturelles, lesquelles doivent être protégées par le gouvernement. C’est la juriste Mary Wood, explique le site Policy Mic, qui a développé la stratégie juridique portée par les adolescents.

      Selon elle, la doctrine était déjà bien établie par la jurisprudence pour ce qui concernait la protection de l’eau et de la vie sauvage. Son travail a consisté à l’adapter à la protection de l’atmosphère. L’objectif est d’obliger les institutions fédérales à prendre des mesures de régulation en faveur de l’environnement, en arguant du droit constitutionnel à une atmosphère saine et à un climat stable.

      (...)

      Karl Coplan, professeur de droit à New York qui fait partie des soutiens aux plaignants, affirme que « ce cas, qui cherche à établir des protections constitutionnelles pour les générations de la même manière que le cas Brown contre le Board of Education a établi une protection pour les Africains-Américains, pourrait être le cas en appel le plus important que a cour d’appel de Washington aura à entendre avant longtemps », relate Nature World News. Les décisions des cours d’appel des #Etats-Unis, organisées par grandes régions, ayant historiquement une influence politique forte.

      #climat