person:harry s. truman

    • Russia, United States blame each other for maritime incident | Reuters
      http://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-usa-navy-idUSKCN0ZE1Q8

      Russia and the United States gave contradictory accounts on Tuesday of an incident involving the two countries’ navies in the Mediterranean Sea on June 17, each blaming the other for what they said were unsafe maneuvers.

      The Russian Defence Ministry said a U.S. destroyer had approached dangerously close to a Russian warship, and protested at what it said was a flagrant U.S. violation of rules to avoid collisions at sea.

      La vidéo (de RT) semble montrer la fin de la rencontre. On y voit le USS Gravely accélerer plein pot pour passer sur l’avant du Iaroslav le Sage puis prendre le même cap. Ce qui correspond assez bien à ce que décrit le Ministère de la défense russe.

      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lqF6EcShwP0

      The incident involved the USS Gravely and the Russian Navy frigate Yaroslav Mudry, the Russian Defence Ministry said in a statement. The Gravely approached the Russian vessel at a distance of 60-70 meters (65-75 yards) from the port side and crossed in front of it, it said.

      At the time of the incident, the Russian ship was in international waters in the eastern Mediterranean, cruising steadily and without making any dangerous maneuvers, the Russian statement said.

      But the U.S. Defense official said the Russian frigate had “repeatedly crossed the stern of USS Gravely at close proximity” and had “repeatedly asked Gravely to maintain a safe distance, yet continued to maneuver in close proximity to Gravely.

    • U.S. says Russian ship raised false signal in incident | Reuters
      http://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-russia-navy-idUSKCN0ZG01L

      On Wednesday, Hernandez said the Russian ship raised the “ball-diamond-ball" signal on its mast when it was two nautical miles away from the USS Gravely, a U.S. destroyer operating in the Mediterranean with the USS Harry S. Truman aircraft carrier.

      That combination of simple geometric shapes is used to indicate that a ship’s ability to maneuver is restricted.

      Russia identified its ship as the Russian Navy frigate Yaroslav Mudry.

      Hernandez said the Russian ship maneuvered to get closer to the Gravely, changing course and speed as the U.S. ship did, which he said showed it was not in fact restricted in its ability to maneuver, and was thus intentionally displaying a false international signal.

      As a result, he said, the U.S. destroyer believed the Russian ship was intentionally trying to interfere with Harry S. Truman operations.

      Version légèrement différente du Ministère états-unien.

      Navire pas maître de sa manœuvre

  • Deux navires de la marine américaine appréhendés par l’Iran
    http://www.lemonde.fr/proche-orient/article/2016/01/12/deux-navires-de-la-marine-americaine-apprehendes-par-l-iran_4846171_3218.htm


    Cette photo fournie par l’armée américaine montre un bateau similaire à ceux appréhendés par l’armée iranienne dans le Golfe persique.
    ZANE ECKLUN / AFP

    Deux bateaux légers de la marine américaine, avec à leur bord 10 marins, ont dérivé dans les eaux territoriales iraniennes et ont été appréhendés par Téhéran, mardi 12 janvier.

    Les Etats-Unis ont obtenu de l’Iran l’assurance que les marins étaient « en sécurité » et pourraient « rapidement » poursuivre leur voyage, a indiqué le porte-parole de la Maison Blanche.

    Selon un autre responsable américain, le secrétaire d’Etat John Kerry a été en contact téléphonique avec son homologue iranien Mohammad Javad Zarif sitôt qu’il a eu vent de l’incident pour tenter de trouver une issue. Les deux diplomates ont noué, au fil des longues négociations sur le nucléaire, des relations personnelles malgré l’interruption, il y a 35 ans, des relations diplomatiques entre leurs deux pays.

    Le commandement américain a perdu le contact avec les deux bateaux alors que ces derniers effectuaient une patrouille, de routine selon Washington, entre le Koweït et Bahreïn. Aucune explication n’a été fournie sur les raisons pour lesquelles les navires se sont retrouvés dans les eaux iraniennes. Un responsable américain, toujours sous couvert d’anonymat, a évoqué l’hypothèse d’une panne touchant l’un des deux navires, les faisant dériver tous deux vers l’île iranienne de Farsi, au milieu du Golfe persique.

    • Vu la nature des bateaux retenus (Riverine Command Boat) et le profil particulièrement bas des réactions états-uniennes, il est difficile de ne pas penser immédiatement à une infiltration ou une covert action

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CB90-class_fast_assault_craft

      Autre vue sur Pinterest

      L’image fournie au Monde par la marine états-unienne est ainsi légendée


      http://www.navy.mil/view_image.asp?id=126094

      ARABIAN SEA (June 12, 2012) A riverine command boat from Riverine Detachment 23 operates with the amphibious transport dock ship USS New York (LPD 21), not pictured, during a maritime air support operations center exercise. New York is part of the Iwo Jima Amphibious Ready Group with the embarked 24th Expeditionary Unit. New York is deployed in support of maritime security operations and theater security cooperation efforts in the U.S. 5th Fleet area of responsibility.
      (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Zane Ecklund/Released)

    • US aircraft carrier acted provocatively after Iran arrested sailors: IRGC | News , Middle East | THE DAILY STAR
      https://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2016/Jan-13/331642-us-aircraft-carrier-acted-provocatively-after-iran-arrested-sai

      A U.S. aircraft carrier acted “provocatively and unprofessionally” for 40 minutes by carrying out maneuvers in the Gulf after Iran arrested 10 American sailors, Iran’s Revolutionary Guards Naval commander, Rear Admiral Ali Fadavi, said on state television Wednesday.

      Separately, a spokesman for the Revolutionary Guards (IRGC) said the U.S. sailors were being interrogated, according to the Tasnim news agency.

    • Iran releases US marines
      http://www.irna.ir/en/News/81919101

      Tehran, Jan 13, IRNA – Iran has released the US marines who had crossed into Iranian terrorial waters.

      According to a statement by the Islamic Revolution Guards Corps, the 10 sailors have been taken to international waters and freed there.

      et sans doute pas (pas encore ?) le navire de commandement, rempli d’outils de communication comme le montrent ses très nombreuses antennes…

    • Une heure plus tard, le communiqué complet (qui ne parle toujours pas des bateaux)

      US marines entered unintentionally, released after apology : IRGC
      http://www.irna.ir/en/News/81919286

      Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) Public Relations Department said in a statement on Wednesday that the US sailors in custody of Iran have been released in the international waters.

      The aircraft carrier USS Harry S. Truman and the French Navy’s Charles de Gaulle aircraft carrier were present in the region when the sailors were detained and the US aircraft carrier had some nervous but passive air and naval reactions which were controlled powerfully and calm returned to the region, the statement added.

      The US sailors had both light and half-heavy weapons with themselves, when arrested, it said.

      The statement noted that US political officials in their repeated contacts with Iranian officials called the action as unintentional and called for the release of the marines.

      The US marines were detained and questioned about their presence in Iran’s territorial waters in the IRGC naval base in the region, it said.

      IRGC statement underlined that after technical and operational investigations of the case and in coordination with political and national security decision makers, the marines were released.

      IRGC reiterated that the marines were released because they had entered Iran’s territorial waters unintentionally and they have apologized for their illegal action.

      Americans guaranteed not to repeat such mistakes again, the statement said.

      IRGC underlined that Iran’s navy is ready to powerfully make any sacrifice in defense of Iran’s sea borders in the Persian Gulf and Strait of Hormuz.

      The US Navy boats entered Iranian territorial waters due to a broken navigation system.

      IRGC Public Relations Department, in a statement, said that the US navy boats were stopped Tuesday at 4:30 PM (local time) when they entered Iranian territorial waters near Farsi Island in the middle of the Persian Gulf.

      IRGC declared that the US navy boats entered Iranian territorial waters illegally.

    • Anxious phone calls, tense moments before Iran’s Supreme Leader okayed U.S. sailors’ release | Reuters
      http://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-iran-boats-diplomacy-idUSKCN0US02E20160114

      The drama in the Gulf, which the U.S. government had initially hoped to keep under wraps, became public knowledge just hours before President Barack Obama was due to give his annual State of the Union address in Congress.

      Kerry learned of the detention of the sailors in their two small craft at 12:30 p.m. EST (1730 GMT), as he and Defense Secretary Ash Carter met with their Filipino counterparts on the State Department’s eighth floor.

      Kerry almost immediately excused himself and went to his seventh floor office. As it happened, he already had a call scheduled with Zarif at about 12.45 EST.

      Appealing for the sailors’ quick release, Kerry told Zarif: “We can make this into what will be a good story for both of us,” according to a senior State Department official. He repeated that message in follow-up calls, the official said.

      Looming large was the nuclear deal, which both men have invested so much in and striven to protect. In Washington, the deal has come under sustained attack from majority Republicans in Congress who have accused Obama of weakness and say the Iranians are not to be trusted.

      In Tehran, the stakes were no less high. Formal implementation of the nuclear deal is expected to begin within days, giving Iran billions of dollars in relief from economic sanctions in return for curbs on its nuclear activities.

    • Communication officielle de la marine états-unienne (publiée le 18/01)
      (il est, de nouveau, question d’une dérive inexpliquée et d’une panne de moteur)

      DVIDS - News - US Central Command statement on events surrounding Iranian detainment of 10 US Navy Sailors Jan. 12-13, 2016
      https://www.dvidshub.net/news/186483/us-central-command-statement-events-surrounding-iranian-detainment-10-us-n

      The two RCBs were scheduled to conduct an underway refueling with the USCGC Monomoy in international waters at approximately 2 p.m. (GMT). At approximately 2:10 p.m. (GMT) NAVCENT received a report that the RCBs were being queried by Iranians. At approximately 2:29 p.m. (GMT) NAVCENT was advised of degraded communications with the RCBs. At 2:45 p.m. (GMT) NAVCENT was notified of a total loss of communications with the RCBs. Immediately, NAVCENT initiated an intensive search and rescue operation using both air and naval assets including aircraft from USS Harry S. Truman and the U.S. Air Force, and U.S. Coast Guard, U.K. Royal Navy and U.S. Navy surface vessels.

      At the time of the incident, two carrier strike groups were operating nearby. USS Harry S. Truman carrier strike group was 45 miles southeast of Farsi Island and Charles de Gaulle carrier strike group was 40 miles north of Farsi Island. NAVCENT attempted to contact Iranian military units operating near Farsi Island by broadcasting information regarding their search and rescue effort over marine radio, and separately notified Iranian coast guard units via telephone about the search for their personnel. At 6:15 p.m. (GMT), U.S. Navy cruiser USS Anzio received a communication from the Iranians that the RCB Sailors were in Iranian custody and were “safe and healthy.”

      NAVCENT’s initial operational reports showed that while in transit from Kuwait to Bahrain the RCBs deviated from their planned course on their way to the refueling. The command investigation will determine what caused the change in course and why the RCBs entered into Iranian territorial waters in the vicinity of Farsi Island.

      At some point one RCB had indications of a mechanical issue in a diesel engine which caused the crews to stop the RCBs and begin troubleshooting. As the RCBs travel together, the second RCB also stopped. This stop occurred in Iranian territorial waters, although it’s not clear the crew was aware of their exact location. While the RCBs were stopped and the crew was attempting to evaluate the mechanical issue, Iranian boats approached the vessels.
      […]
      A post-recovery inventory of the boats found that all weapons, ammunition and communication gear are accounted for minus two SIM cards that appear to have been removed from two handheld satellite phones.

  • « Mokusatsu », l’erreur de traduction qui a changé le cours de la Seconde Guerre mondiale | Slate.fr
    http://www.slate.fr/story/91073/mokusatsu-erreur-traduction-seconde-guerre-mondiale

    Il s’en est fallu d’un rien pour que la bombe atomique ne soit pas larguée sur Hiroshima, précipitant la capitulation du Japon, le 2 septembre 1945. D’un mot, pour être précis. Souvent présentée par les linguistes comme la plus grave erreur de traduction de tous les temps, l’interprétation du terme « Mokusatsu » est au coeur d’un des pires carnages du XXe siècle.

    Il y a presque 70 ans, le 2 septembre 1945, le Japon signait officiellement son acte de capitulation à bord de l’USS Missouri, mettant ainsi fin à la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Meurtri par deux bombes atomiques, amputé d’Hiroshima et de Nagasaki, le pays du Soleil-Levant déposait officiellement les armes, 39 jours après que les Alliés l’eurent exigé dans la Déclaration de Potsdam.

    Au-delà des nombreuses concessions qu’elle faisait au Japon, cette Déclaration, signée le 26 juillet par le président américain Harry S. Truman, le Premier ministre britannique Winston Churchill et le président chinois Tchang Kaï-chek était pourtant claire sur la tempête de feu qui s’annonçait :

    « Nous appelons le gouvernement du Japon à prononcer aujourd’hui la capitulation sans conditions de toutes les forces armées japonaises. [...] Sinon, le Japon subira une destruction rapide et totale. »

    Les adjectifs n’ont pas été choisis au hasard. La titanesque Opération Downfall (débarquement terrestre programmé pour le 1er novembre) n’était plus la seule option américaine : Truman savait alors depuis dix jours que sa bombe atomique était opérationnelle. Ce qu’il ne savait pas encore, c’est qu’il ordonnerait de la lâcher sur Hiroshima, le 6 août, puis Nagasaki, le 9 août.

    Sa décision finale était suspendue à la réaction des autorités nippones. Mais alors que l’ultimatum allié avait le mérite de la clarté, le Japon choisira d’y faire une réponse pleine d’ambiguïtés : « Mokusatsu ». Un mot qui sera trop vite traduit par « ignorer avec mépris ». Un mot qui lui coûtera très cher.

    • Comme le rappelle très bien le professeur Tsuyoshi Hasegawa dans un article fascinant du Asia-Pacific Journal, le rôle de la déclaration de guerre russe (le 8 août) dans la capitulation nipponne est injustement minimisé. Malgré le choc psychologique considérable qu’elles ont provoqué, aucune des deux bombes atomiques n’a conduit à une véritable inflexion stratégique du côté japonais, juste à une prise de conscience. Historiquement, c’est l’ouverture du front russe en Mandchourie qui, en mettant fin à tout espoir de médiation et en rendant la situation stratégique du Japon intenable, a conduit l’Empereur à capituler.

  • #Iran, the #United_States and a Nuclear Seesaw
    Far from a monolithic relationship, Iran and the United States have spent as many decades as friends as they have as enemies. And for most of the history, whatever the polarity, nuclear issues have played a role.

    Aug. 20, 1953

    Before the Coup Attempt W. Averell Harriman, left, President Harry S. Truman’s personal foreign policy adviser, conferring with Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadegh of Iran in 1951. An interpreter sits between them.Associated Press

    Prime Minister Ousted in Coup

    The Central Intelligence Agency backs a plan, coordinated with British intelligence, to overthrow the Iranian prime minister, Mohammed Mossadegh. The plan has the approval of President Dwight D. Eisenhower and is conceived because of British concerns over petroleum exports and the relationship of the prime minister with the Soviets. The coup, orchestrated by an American agent, leads to the ouster of Mr. Mossadegh, and the shah, Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, becomes an authoritarian monarch.
    Royalists Oust Mossadegh; Army Seizes Helm
    Key Events in the 1953 Coup
    The Agency & The Hill: CIA’s Relationship with Congress, 1946-2004. Chapter 9

    http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2012/04/07/world/middleeast/iran-timeline.html

  • #Iran, the #United_States and a Nuclear Seesaw
    Far from a monolithic relationship, Iran and the United States have spent as many decades as friends as they have as enemies. And for most of the history, whatever the polarity, nuclear issues have played a role.

    Aug. 20, 1953

    Before the Coup Attempt W. Averell Harriman, left, President Harry S. Truman’s personal foreign policy adviser, conferring with Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadegh of Iran in 1951. An interpreter sits between them.Associated Press

    Prime Minister Ousted in Coup

    The Central Intelligence Agency backs a plan, coordinated with British intelligence, to overthrow the Iranian prime minister, Mohammed Mossadegh. The plan has the approval of President Dwight D. Eisenhower and is conceived because of British concerns over petroleum exports and the relationship of the prime minister with the Soviets. The coup, orchestrated by an American agent, leads to the ouster of Mr. Mossadegh, and the shah, Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, becomes an authoritarian monarch.
    Royalists Oust Mossadegh; Army Seizes Helm
    Key Events in the 1953 Coup
    The Agency & The Hill: CIA’s Relationship with Congress, 1946-2004. Chapter 9

    http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2012/04/07/world/middleeast/iran-timeline.html