person:nicholas ii

BibliOdyssey : Russian Satirical Journals
▻http://bibliodyssey.blogspot.com/2010/08/russian-satirical-journals.html

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“On Sunday, January 9th, 1905, Tsar Nicholas II ordered troops to fire on a peaceful procession of workers demonstrating in St. Petersburg, unleashing a storm of strikes, mutinies, violent uprisings, and brutal reprisals that raged across Russia for well over a year.

Known collectively as the Revolution of 1905, these upheavals transformed the political landscape and set the stage for the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the Civil War that followed. Bloody Sunday also marked an important watershed for Russian graphic artists. With the momentary collapse of censorship, over 300 different satirical magazines were published during the Revolution of 1905, more than had seen the light of day in Russia during the entire nineteenth century. Most of them survived for only a few numbers before the censors caught up. Yet the output was impressive all the same.

Rushing to fill the expressive void, artists and writers captured the events and personalities of the revolution with biting satire and aesthetic sophistication. While styles and subject matter varied, artists often chose to depict nightmarish scenes of bloodshed and repression, drawing on images of the macabre and the mystical that had already been in vogue in Symbolist circles across Europe at the turn of the century.” [source]

“For a few brief months the journals spoke with a great and unprecedented rage that neither arrest nor exile could silence. At first their approach was oblique, their allusions veiled, and they often fell victim to the censor’s pencil. But people had suffered censorship for too long.Satirists constantly expanded their territory and their targets of attack, demolishing one obstacle after another as they went, thriving on censorship.

The workers’ movement grew in boldness, culminating in the birth of the St Petersburg Soviet of Workers’ Deputies, the people’s government. For fifty days the Tsar and his ministers were confronted by another power, another law. Journalists and printers seized the right to publish without submitting to the censor. The satirical journals then reached their apotheosis, until the revolution died as it had risen, bathed in blood.”
From the introduction to ’Blood and Laughter: Caricatures from the 1905 Revolution’, 1983 by C Porter & D King [Thanks JM!]

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4,000 photos, 4 social networks, 1 family: #Romanovs100 kicks off with first stories — RT World News
▻https://www.rt.com/news/423510-romanovs100-launches-for-100-days
▻https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4wx99EzX0wc

Thousands of rare photos from the Romanovs’ private archives are hitting the web, starting April 8, in a hundred-day-long project dedicated to the lives of Russia’s last reigning royal family.
Nicholas II was a real photo buff and his wife and five children followed suit: they used different cameras, including the legendary Kodak Brownie, to take photos of their daily lives. #Romanovs100 will publish these images via four major social media accounts: Facebook, YouTube, Twitter and Instagram.

The various platforms all have their unique storyline and the photos will not be cross-posted, but the team behind #Romanovs100 promises that it won’t be necessary to follow all platform accounts to stay in the loop: choosing one or a few would be enough. The original content was provided by Russia’s State Archive.

Facebook focuses on high-quality photos and panoramas (that the Romanovs took with a special camera), mixed with lyrical stories about the lives of Nicholas II, Alexandra, their children and friends, often told in their own words, from diaries and personal letters. Follow HERE.

YouTube publishes mini-videos based on the Romanovs’ photo collection, featuring historic aspects of the era in which the last Tsar’s family lived, as well as little-known facts behind the rarely seen photos. Follow HERE.

100th anniversary of the 1917 Russian Revolutions: No narrative – no commemoration? | Nouvelle Europe

▻http://nouvelle-europe.eu/en/100th-anniversary-1917-russian-revolutions-no-narrative-no-commemora

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One hundred years later, what does Russia think about the events that took place in February and October 1917? Is there a shared attitude towards such figures as Nicholas II and Vladimir Lenin? The narrative of the overthrow of the monarchy, which paved the way for the communist regime after having executed the Imperial family remains to be identified. Most importantly, the absence of a single narrative carried out through education, culture, government positions, and the absence of celebrations might be caused by the fear of the government to commemorate any events that led to changes in the political regime.

#révolution_russe #1917 #urss #russie #union_soviétique #livres_scolaires

What Russia looked like before 1917 … in color
▻https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/in-sight/wp/2016/04/19/what-russia-looked-like-before-1914-in-color

Though some of his images date back to 1905, the bulk of his work documenting the Russian empire of Tsar Nicholas II took place between 1909-1915. Prokudin-Gorskii’s color photos were recorded as “separation negatives” on black and white glass plates. The camera he used made three sequential exposures through blue, green and red filters. He then printed these negatives as positives, which he inserted into a magic lantern to project and superimpose the frames back through the same combination of filters. The result was a full color reproduction of the original scene.

Les images sont accessibles ici :
►http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/prok

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The World If: A compilation of scenarios

▻http://worldif.economist.com/article/2/what-if-russia-breaks-up-the-peril-beyond-putin?fsrc=scn/tw/te/wi/pe/ed/perilbeyondputin

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The world rightly worries about the prospect of a Greater Russia. But a Lesser Russia could be just as troubling

UNDER Vladimir Putin’s presidency, Russia is seen in the outside world as an expansionist power trying to revise post-Soviet borders and rebuild an empire. But what if Russia itself—a country of nearly 200 nationalities that stretches across 11 time zones—is in danger of crumbling?

It would not be the first time that Russia tried aggression and expansion as a defence against modernisation and by doing so undermined its own territorial integrity. In 1904, when Russia was on the verge of a revolution, Nicholas II attempted to stave off change by looking for national traitors and starting a small war with Japan. The war ended a year later in Russia’s defeat and 12 years later the tsarist Russian empire faded away in a few days. In 1979, as Communist rule struggled under the weight of its own contradictions, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan; 12 years later the Soviet Union collapsed just as suddenly.

#russie #europe #poutine

Beautiful color photographs of life in pre-Revolutionary Russia, 1909-1915 | Dangerous Minds
▻http://dangerousminds.net/comments/beautiful_color_photographs_of_life_in_pre-revolutionary_russia

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Tsar Nicholas II supplied Prokudin-Gorskii with a specially designed rail-road carriage which had been converted into a darkroom. Prokudin-Gorskii’s intention in documenting Russian life was to educate children about their country’s rich history and culture. In 1917, the Russian Revolution put an end to Prokudin-Gorskii’s plans, and the photographer left Russia in 1918, eventually settling in France.

#russie #photographie