provinceorstate:florida

What Is A Confounding Variable
▻https://hackernoon.com/what-is-a-confounding-factor-6f30487de3e9?source=rss----3a8144eabfe3---4

https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1024/1*k2o1SroJqfWgVfp94SI01g.png

Let’s say a group of researchers, or #data scientists discover that the mortality rate in Florida is 20 deaths out of 1000 people a year compared to Washington State where it is 9.8 deaths out of 1000 people.Being very concerned these researchers put in a proposal for millions of dollars to try to figure out how to decrease this mortality rate in Florida. However, they forgot to dig a little deeper. They forgot to exam the average age of the populations of the two states. If Florida’s average age is 52 and Washington’s is 25 that might play a role in the mortality rate. In this case, the age played the role of a confounding variable.A variable that is not considered but plays a role in the outcome of an event is considered a confounding factor.In epidemiology, a confounding variable refers (...)

#statistics #healthcare #data-science #confounding-variable

Meet Alberto…

Year’s First Storm Alberto Heads Into Gulf, Triggering Watches - Bloomberg
▻https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-05-25/alberto-becomes-first-named-storm-on-path-to-drench-u-s-south

https://assets.bwbx.io/images/users/iqjWHBFdfxIU/i9xo1PFdu8qI/v1/1200x720.jpg https://assets.bwbx.io/images/users/iqjWHBFdfxIU/iSbMUNrmFtYY/v1/-1x-1.png

The Atlantic hurricane season hasn’t even formally begun, and Subtropical Storm Alberto is already churning up the Gulf of Mexico, triggering storm watches from Florida to Louisiana and prompting companies to pull staff from offshore platforms.

@cdb_77 @albertocampiphoto (!)

Congress to Consider Recognition of Israeli Sovereignty Over Golan Heights
▻http://freebeacon.com/national-security/congress-to-consider-recognition-of-israeli-sovereignty-over-golan-heigh

http://freebeacon.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/IDF-Golan-Heights.jpg

Rep. Ron DeSantis (R., Fla.), a member of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, introduced on Thursday a resolution that could lead to an historic recognition by the United States that the contested area fully belongs to Israel, according to a copy of the amendment obtained by the Washington Free Beacon.

The Opioid that Made a Fortune for Its Maker — and for Its Prescribers - The New York Times
▻https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/05/02/magazine/100000005878055.app.html

https://static01.nyt.com/images/2018/05/05/magazine/05mag-insys-image2/05mag-insys-image2-facebookJumbo-v2.png

For Insys, Chun was just the right kind of doctor to pursue. In the late 1990s, sales of prescription opioids began a steep climb. But by the time Subsys came to market in 2012, mounting regulatory scrutiny and changing medical opinion were thinning the ranks of prolific opioid prescribers. Chun was one of the holdouts, a true believer in treating pain with narcotics. He operated a busy practice, and 95 percent of the Medicare patients he saw in 2015 had at least one opioid script filled. Chun was also a top prescriber of a small class of painkillers whose active ingredient is fentanyl, which is 50 to 100 times as powerful as morphine. Burlakoff’s product was a new entry to that class. On a “target list,” derived from industry data that circulated internally at Insys, Chun was placed at No. 3. The word inside the company for a doctor like Chun was a “whale.”

In the few months since Subsys was introduced, demand was not meeting expectations. Some of the sales staff had already been fired. If Burlakoff and Krane could persuade Chun to become a Subsys loyalist, it would be a coup for them and for the entire company. The drug was so expensive that a single clinic, led by a motivated doctor, could generate millions of dollars in revenue.

Speaker programs are a widely used marketing tool in the pharmaceutical business. Drug makers enlist doctors to give paid talks about the benefits of a product to other potential prescribers, at a clinic or over dinner in a private room at a restaurant. But Krane and some fellow rookie reps were already getting a clear message from Burlakoff, she said, that his idea of a speaker program was something else, and they were concerned: It sounded a lot like a bribery scheme.

But the new reps were right to be worried. The Insys speaker program was central to Insys’ rapid rise as a Wall Street darling, and it was also central to the onslaught of legal troubles that now surround the company. Most notable, seven former top executives, including Burlakoff and the billionaire founder of Insys, John Kapoor, now await trial on racketeering charges in federal court in Boston. The company itself, remarkably, is still operating.

The reporting for this article involved interviews with, among other sources, seven former Insys employees, among them sales managers, sales reps and an insurance-authorization employee, some of whom have testified before a grand jury about what they witnessed. This account also draws on filings from a galaxy of Insys-related litigation: civil suits filed by state attorneys general, whistle-blower and shareholder suits and federal criminal cases. Some are pending, while others have led to settlements, plea deals and guilty verdicts.

The opioid crisis, now the deadliest drug epidemic in American history, has evolved significantly over the course of the last two decades. What began as a sharp rise in prescription-drug overdoses has been eclipsed by a terrifying spike in deaths driven primarily by illicitly manufactured synthetic opioids and heroin, with overall opioid deaths climbing to 42,249 in 2016 from 33,091 in 2015. But prescription drugs and the marketing programs that fuel their sales remain an important contributor to the larger crisis. Heroin accounted for roughly 15,000 of the opioid deaths in 2016, for instance, but as many as four out of five heroin users started out by misusing prescription opioids.

By the time Subsys arrived in 2012, the pharmaceutical industry had been battling authorities for years over its role in promoting the spread of addictive painkillers. The authorities were trying to confine opioids to a select population of pain patients who desperately needed them, but manufacturers were pushing legal boundaries — sometimes to the breaking point — to get their products out to a wider market.

Even as legal penalties accrued, the industry thrived. In 2007, three senior executives of Purdue Pharma pleaded guilty in connection with a marketing effort that relied on misrepresenting the dangers of OxyContin, and the company agreed to pay a $600 million settlement. But Purdue continued booking more than $1 billion in annual sales on the drug. In 2008, Cephalon likewise entered a criminal plea and agreed to pay $425 million for promoting an opioid called Actiq and two other drugs “off-label” — that is, for unapproved uses. That did not stop Cephalon from being acquired three years later, for $6.8 billion.

Subsys and Actiq belong to a class of fentanyl products called TIRF drugs. They are approved exclusively for the treatment of “breakthrough” cancer pain — flares of pain that break through the effects of the longer-acting opioids the cancer patient is already taking around the clock. TIRFs are niche products, but the niche can be lucrative because the drugs command such a high price. A single patient can produce six figures of revenue.

Fentanyl is extremely powerful — illicitly manufactured variations, often spiked into heroin or pressed into counterfeit pills, have become the leading killers in the opioid crisis — and regulators have made special efforts to restrict prescription fentanyl products. In 2008, for instance, the F.D.A. rebuffed Cephalon’s application to expand the approved use for a TIRF called Fentora; in the company’s clinical trials, the subjects who did not have cancer demonstrated much more addictive behavior and propensity to substance abuse, which are “rarely seen in clinical trials,” F.D.A. officials concluded. An F.D.A. advisory committee reported that, during the trials, some of the Fentora was stolen. The agency later developed a special protocol for all TIRF drugs that required practitioners to undergo online training and certify that they understood the narrow approved use and the risks.

Despite these government efforts, TIRF drugs were being widely prescribed to patients without cancer. Pain doctors, not oncologists, were the dominant players. This was common knowledge in the industry. Although it is illegal for a manufacturer to promote drugs for off-label use, it is perfectly legal for doctors to prescribe any drug off-label, on their own judgment. This allows drug makers like Insys to use a narrow F.D.A. approval as a “crowbar,” as a former employee put it, to reach a much broader group of people.

That points to a major vulnerability in policing the opioid crisis: Doctors have a great deal of power. The F.D.A. regulates drug makers but not practitioners, who enjoy a wide latitude in prescribing that pharmaceutical companies can easily exploit. A respected doctor who advocates eloquently for wider prescribing can quickly become a “key opinion leader”; invited out on the lucrative lecture circuit. And any doctor who exercises a free hand with opioids can attract a flood of pain patients and income. Fellow doctors rarely blow the whistle, and some state medical boards exercise timid oversight, allowing unethical doctors to continue to operate. An assistant district attorney coping with opioids in upstate New York told me that it’s easy to identify a pill-mill doctor, but “it can take five years to get to that guy.” In the meantime, drug manufacturers are still seeing revenue, and that doctor is still seeing patients, one after another, day after day.

Kapoor believed that he had the best product in its class. All the TIRF drugs — for transmucosal immediate-release fentanyl — deliver fentanyl through the mucous membranes lining the mouth or nose, but the specific method differs from product to product. Actiq, the first TIRF drug, is a lozenge on a stick. Cephalon’s follow-up, Fentora — the branded market leader when Subsys arrived — is a tablet meant to be held in the cheek as it dissolves. Subsys is a spray that the patient applies under the tongue. Spraying a fine mist at the permeable mouth floor makes for a rapid onset of action, trials showed.

Once the F.D.A. gave final approval to Subsys in early 2012, the fate of Insys Therapeutics rested on selling it in the field. The industry still relies heavily on the old-fashioned way of making sales; drug manufacturers blanket the country with representatives who call on prescribers face to face, often coming to develop personal relationships with them over time.

The speaker events themselves were often a sham, as top prescribers and reps have admitted in court. Frequently, they consisted of a nice dinner with the sales rep and perhaps the doctor’s support staff and friends, but no other licensed prescriber in attendance to learn about the drug. One doctor did cocaine in the bathroom of a New York City restaurant at his own event, according to a federal indictment. Some prescribers were paid four figures to “speak” to an audience of zero.

One star rep in Florida, later promoted to upper management, told another rep that when she went in search of potential speakers, she didn’t restrict herself to the top names, because, after all, any doctor can write scripts, and “the company does not give a [expletive] where they come from.” (Some dentists and podiatrists prescribed Subsys.) She looked for people, she said, “that are just going through divorce, or doctors opening up a new clinic, doctors who are procedure-heavy. All those guys are money hungry.” If you float the idea of becoming a paid speaker “and there is a light in their eyes that goes off, you know that’s your guy,” she said. (These remarks, recorded by the rep on the other end of the line, emerged in a later investigation.)

As a result of Insys’s approach to targeting doctors, its potent opioid was prescribed to patients it was never approved to treat — not occasionally, but tens of thousands of times. It is impossible to determine how many Subsys patients, under Kapoor, actually suffered from breakthrough cancer pain, but most estimates in court filings have put the number at roughly 20 percent. According to Iqvia data through September 2016, only 4 percent of all Subsys prescriptions were written by oncologists.

Insys became the year’s best-performing initial public offering, on a gain of over 400 percent. That December, the company disclosed that it had received a subpoena from the Office of the Inspector General at Health and Human Services, an ominous sign. But a CNBC interviewer made no mention of it when he interviewed Babich a few weeks later. Instead he said, “Tell us what it is about Insys that has investors so excited.”

In 2014, the doctors each averaged one prescription for a controlled substance roughly every four minutes, figuring on a 40-hour week. A typical pill mill makes its money from patients paying in cash for their appointments, but Ruan and Couch had a different model: A majority of their scripts were filled at a pharmacy adjacent to their clinic called C&R — for Couch and Ruan — where they took home most of the profits. The pharmacy sold more than $570,000 of Subsys in a single month, according to Perhacs’s criminal plea. Together the two men amassed a collection of 23 luxury cars.

Over dinner, according to the Boston indictment, Kapoor and Babich struck a remarkable agreement with the pharmacists and the doctors, who were operating a clinic rife with opioid addiction among the staff: Insys would ship Subsys directly to C&R Pharmacy. An arrangement like this is “highly unusual” and a “red flag,” according to testimony from a D.E.A. investigator in a related trial. As part of the terms of the deal, the pharmacy would make more money on selling the drug, with no distributor in the loop. And there would be another anticipated benefit for all involved: Everyone could sell more Subsys without triggering an alert to the D.E.A.

The local medical community felt the impact of the raid. Because refills are generally not allowed on controlled substances, patients typically visited the clinic every month. For days, dozens of them lined up outside in the morning, fruitlessly trying to get prescriptions from the remaining staff or at least retrieve their medical records to take elsewhere. But other providers were either booked up or would not take these patients. “Nobody was willing to give the amount of drugs they were on,” a nurse in the city said. Melissa Costello, who heads the emergency room at Mobile Infirmary, said her staff saw a surge of patients from the clinic in the ensuing weeks, at least a hundred, who were going through agonizing withdrawal.

Two months after the raid in Mobile, Insys’ stock reached an all-time high.

Insys itself is still producing Subsys, though sales have fallen considerably. (Overall demand for TIRFs has declined industrywide.) The company is now marketing what it calls the “first and only F.D.A.-approved liquid dronabinol,” a synthetic cannabinoid, and is developing several other new drugs. Some analysts like the look of the company’s pipeline of new drugs and rate the stock a “buy.” In a statement, the company said its new management team consists of “responsible and ethical business leaders” committed to effective compliance. Most of its more than 300 employees are new to the company since 2015, and its sales force is focused on physicians “whose prescribing patterns support our products’ approved indications,” the company said. Insys has ended its speaker program for Subsys.

#Opioides #Pharmacie #Bande_de_salopards

#Killing_Pavel

“Killing Pavel,” a documentary produced by the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (#OCCRP) and its Ukrainian partner, Slidstvo.Info​,​ reveals new details about ​last year’s killing of journalist #Pavel_Sheremet. The Belarusian’s reporting had challenged authorities from Minsk to Moscow and Kyiv until he was killed in a car bomb in the Ukrainian capital in July 2016. The film features new information about his death that police never found, raising questions about the nature of the official investigation​.​

▻https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=liSa5OFCkf4

UK, U.S. study Antarctic glacier, hoping to crack sea level risks | Agricultural Commodities | Reuters
▻https://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFL8N1S72CG

https://3c1703fe8d.site.internapcdn.net/newman/csz/news/800/2017/7-studyshowsth.jpg

Britain and the United States launched a $25 million project on Monday to study the risks of a collapse of a giant glacier in Antarctica that is already shrinking and nudging up global sea levels.

The five-year research, involving 100 scientists, would be the two nations’ biggest joint scientific project in Antarctica since the 1940s. Ice is thawing from Greenland to Antarctica and man-made global warming is accelerating the trend.

The scientists would study the Thwaites Glacier, which is roughly the size of Florida or Britain, in West Antarctica, the UK Natural Environment Research Council and U.S. National Science Foundation said in a joint statement.

(image issue de
Study shows Thwaites Glacier’s ice loss may not progress as quickly as thought
▻https://phys.org/news/2017-06-thwaites-glacier-ice-loss-quickly.html

https://3c1703fe8d.site.internapcdn.net/newman/gfx/news/hires/2017/6-studyshowsth.jpg

March 2018 ISO C++ Meeting Trip Report (SG1: Concurrency and Parallelism)—Thomas Rodgers
▻http://isocpp.org/feeder/?FeederAction=clicked&feed=All+Posts&seed=http%3A%2F%2Fisocpp.org%2Fblog%2F2

The future is still getting closer.

March 2018 ISO C++ Meeting Trip Report (SG1: Concurrency and Parallelism) by Thomas Rodgers

From the article:

This year’s Winter ISO C++ Standard Committee meeting was held in March in Jacksonville, Florida. A number of larger features, for which there is substantial interest but which are also difficult to get right, were discussed: Concepts, along with Concept types from the Ranges TS; see P0898 and n4685 Modules; see n4689 Coroutines; see n4723 Networking; see n4711 Executors; see p0443

#News,_Events,_Standardization,

“Facebook vs the World”
▻https://www.talkingpoliticspodcast.com/blog/2018/87-facebook-vs-the-world (~45min)

►https://www.opendemocracy.net/uk/jennifer-cobbe/problem-isn-t-just-cambridge-analytica-or-even-facebook-it-s-surveill

This isn’t just a problem with Facebook. It’s a problem with the internet as it exists today.

‘Surveillance capitalism’ was the term coined in 2015 by Harvard academic Shoshanna Zuboff to describe this large-scale surveillance and modification of human behaviour for profit.

#podcast #surveillanceCapitalism

A Saudi-Iranian Dialogue on Regional Security – LobeLog
▻https://lobelog.com/a-saudi-iranian-dialogue-on-regional-security

by Turki al Faisal and Hossein Mousavian

With tensions between regional rivals Iran and Saudi Arabia at the brink, a rare dialogue recently took place between two former senior Saudi and Iranian officials. Hosted by the Center for Strategic Studies at the Joint Special Operations University in Tampa, Florida, former Saudi Ambassador to the United States and Director General of Saudi Arabia’s intelligence agency Prince Turki al Faisal debated Ambassador Hossein Mousavian, a former spokesman for Iran’s nuclear negotiators and chairman of the foreign policy committee of Iran’s National Security Council. The lively discussion touched on each country’s view of its security environment and the broader issues affecting the Iran-Saudi relationship. LobeLog has obtained the full transcript of the conversation, and the following is an abbreviated excerpt covering the key points.

Walking While Black
Jacksonville’s enforcement of pedestrian violations raises concerns that it’s another example of racial profiling.
▻https://features.propublica.org/walking-while-black/jacksonville-pedestrian-violations-racial-profiling

https://features.propublica.org/walking-while-black/assets/images/generated/opening-illo-final-3x2-1200*800-0e9b00.jpg

THE JACKSONVILLE SHERIFF’S OFFICE issues hundreds of pedestrian citations a year, drawing on an array of 28 separate statutes governing how people get around on foot in Florida’s most populous city. There is, of course, the straightforward jaywalking statute, barring people from crossing against a red light. But in Jacksonville, pedestrians can also be ticketed for crossing against a yellow light, for “failing to cross a street at a right angle,” for not walking on the left side of a road when there are no sidewalks, or alternatively for not walking on a sidewalk when one is available.

What the analysis does show is that the pedestrian tickets — typically costing $65, but carrying the power to damage one’s credit or suspend a driver’s license if unpaid — were disproportionately issued to blacks, almost all of them in the city’s poorest neighborhoods. In the last five years, blacks received 55 percent of all pedestrian tickets in Jacksonville, while only accounting for 29 percent of the population. Blacks account for a higher percentage of tickets in Duval County than any other large county in Florida.

Blacks, then, were nearly three times as likely as whites to be ticketed for a pedestrian violation. Residents of the city’s three poorest zip codes were about six times as likely to receive a pedestrian citation as those living in the city’s other, more affluent 34 zip codes.

Secretive #X-37B Space Plane Discovered in Orbit after Staying Hidden for 218 Days – X-37B – OTV-5 | Spaceflight101
▻http://spaceflight101.com/x-37b-otv-5/x-37b-otv-5-identified-in-orbit

http://spaceflight101.com/x-37b-otv-5/wp-content/uploads/sites/182/2018/04/6938477_orig1.jpg

It circled the Earth in obscurity for more than half a year, now the semi-secret X-37B OTV 5 space plane has been conclusively identified by amateur satellite observers in a circular orbit around 355 Kilometers in altitude. The orbit’s inclination at 54.5 degrees is much different from previous OTV missions and in part responsible for the craft remaining undiscovered for so long.

X-37B, conducting its fifth orbital flight, lifted off from Launch Complex 39A at Florida’s Kennedy Space Center on September 7, 2017. In the typical secrecy surrounding the Air Force’s X-37B program, the launch was shown until separation of the protective payload fairing and confirmation of successful orbital insertion was provided a short time later but operational aspects of the mission like the craft’s operating orbit, intended mission duration and specifics on the payloads it carries were not disclosed.

Given the hush-hush nature of its missions, X-37B is a target of intense observation by the amateur satellite community and the orbital dynamics of all four prior OTV missions were closely watched. Typically, the spacecraft was spotted in orbit within a few days after launch; however, there were several cases where observers lost track of the spacecraft due to unexpected orbital maneuvers.

X-37B OTV 5 proved to be a tougher nut to crack as it was clear from the outset that the spacecraft would operate from a different orbit than its predecessors: “The fifth OTV mission will be launched into, and landed from, a higher inclination orbit than prior missions to further expand the X-37B’s orbital envelope,” the U.S. Air Force Rapid Capabilities Office said in a statement before the craft blasted off atop Falcon 9.
[…]
What the spacecraft might be up to in this type of Low Earth Orbit, some 50 Kilometers lower than the International Space Station, is pretty much unknown. As with the previous X-37B flights, only very few details on the OTV 5 mission are being shared with the public and most of what resides in the vehicle’s 2.1 by 1.2-meter payload bay will remain secret.

One payload on the OTV 5 mission that was publicly acknowledged is the Air Force Research Laboratory Advanced Structurally Embedded Thermal Spreader that will test experimental electronics and oscillating heat pipe technologies over a long-duration space flight. Three oscillating heat pipes are part of the package to evaluate the technology for future applications in space as it could offer lighter and less expensive thermal control solutions for satellite missions. The goal of the OTV-5-mounted experiment will be to evaluate the technology’s initial thermal performance and monitor it over an extended period to assess long-term degradation.

The Air Force also said the OTV 5 mission hosts small satellite ride shares to demonstrate greater opportunities for rapid space access; however, no additional objects have been cataloged under the OTV 5 mission’s international designator 2017-052 up to this point.

Dans ma manie des #recensions, en voici une sur les articles fascinants trouvés sur seenthis sur la sexualité animale, mais aussi plus généralement sur les choses qu’on peut apprendre sur les sexes et la sexualité, chez les humains et les animaux :

Effect of Male Size on Calling Propensity, Song Parameters, and Mating Success in Caribbean Fruit Flies, Anastrepha suspensa (Loew) (Diptera : Tephritidae)
T. Burk and J. C. Webb, Annals of the Entomological Society of America 76:678–682, 1983
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

Ultrasound production by genital stridulation in Syntonarcha iriastis (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae) : long-distance signalling by male moths ?
GWYNNE et EDWARDS, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 88:363–376, 1986
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

Anatomical relationship between urethra and clitoris
Helen E. O’Connell, John M. Hutson, Colin R. Anderson and Robert J. Plenter, The Journal of Urology 159:1892-1897, 1998
►https://seenthis.net/messages/643679

‘Un chant d’appel amoureux’ : acoustic communication in moths
W.E. Conner, Journal of Experimental Biology 202:1711-1723, 1999
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

Organes génitaux
Damien Thiebault, Oiseaux, le 26 décembre 2002
►https://seenthis.net/messages/582137

Vaginal cytology and vulvar swelling as indicators of impending estrus and ovulation in the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)
Barbara S. Durrant, Mary Ann Olson, Dianne Amodeo, Autumn Anderson, Kara D. Russ, Rogelio Campos‐Morales, Fernando Gual‐Sill, Juan Ramos Garza, Zoo Biology 22:313-321, 2003
►https://seenthis.net/messages/635293

Anatomy of the clitoris
O’Connell HE, Sanjeevan KV, Hutson JM. J. Urol. 174:1189-1195, 2005
►https://seenthis.net/messages/643679

Male genital morphology and function : an evolutionary perspective.
Simmons MN and Jones JS, J. Urol. 177:1625-1631, 2007
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

Genitalic stridulation during copulation in a species of crane fly, Tipula (Bellardina) sp. (Diptera : Tipulidae)
Eberhard et Gelhaus, Rev. biol. trop 57:251-256, 2009
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

Le dard d’amour des escargots
Vran, SSAFT, le 25 mai 2009
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

Galerie de membres, partie1 : arthropodes
Vran, SSAFT, le 10 décembre 2009
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

Galerie de membres, partie 2 : Squamates
Vran, SSAFT, le 20 janvier 2010
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

Galerie de membres, partie 3 : Oiseaux
Vran, SSAFT, le 1 février 2010
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

Galerie de membres, partie 4 : Mammifères
Vran, SSAFT, le 28 septembre 2010
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

Platycleis affinis et ses records
Le Saviez-Vous, Novembre 2010
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

LA SEXUALITÉ DÉBRIDÉE DES PUNAISES DE LIT
Planète Bio, le 10 juillet 2011
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

So Small, So Loud : Extremely High Sound Pressure Level from a Pygmy Aquatic Insect (Corixidae, Micronectinae)
Sueur J, Mackie D, Windmill JFC, PLoS ONE 6:e21089, 2011
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

Le clitoris cet inconnu
Odile Buisson, Université Paris Diderot, 16 Novembre 2011
►https://vimeo.com/32783601

Evidence to Suggest that Copulatory Vocalizations in Women Are Not a Reflexive Consequence of Orgasm
Gayle Brewer et Colin A. Hendrie, Archives of Sexual Behavior 40:559–564, 2011
►https://seenthis.net/messages/561713

Percebeiros
David Beriain, 2011
►https://seenthis.net/messages/582137
►https://vimeo.com/33078850

« Le trône des plaisirs et des voluptés » : anatomie politique du clitoris, de l’Antiquité à la fin du xixe siècle
Sylvie Chaperon, Cahiers d’histoire. Revue d’histoire critique 118:41-60, 2012
►https://seenthis.net/messages/389255

Musical Genitals
Gwen Pearson, le 14 septembre 2013
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

True Facts About The Duck
Youtube, le 19 avril 2013
►https://seenthis.net/messages/582137
►https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6k01DIVDJlY

Female Echidnas Sleep Right Through The Mating Ritual
M.Admin, Knowledge Nuts, le 17 septembre 2013
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

The Creature Feature : 10 Fun Facts About the Echidna
Rikkonakamichi, Imgur, le 4 juillet 2014
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

The Twisted World of Sexual Organs
Colin Barras, BBC, Septembre 2014
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

Odile Buisson : Le point G et l’orgasme féminin
Les ERNEST, Dailymotion, 2014
►https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x1ytz7h

Female Penis, Male Vagina, and Their Correlated Evolution in a Cave Insect
Kazunori Yoshizawa, Rodrigo L. Ferreira, Yoshitaka Kamimura, Charles Lienhard, Current Biology 24:1006-1010, 2014
►https://seenthis.net/messages/629990

Le clitoris
Lori Malépart-Traversy, le 17 octobre 2015
►https://seenthis.net/messages/600007

Old tuatara slides show genital swelling in last common ancestor of vertebrates
Bob Yirka, Phys.Org, le 28 octobre 2015
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

Resurrecting embryos of the tuatara, Sphenodon punctatus, to resolve vertebrate phallus evolution.
Sanger TJ, Gredler ML and Cohn MJ, Biol. Lett. 11, pii:20150694, 2015
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

The Vulva in Stone Age Art
Don’s Maps, le 26 novembre 2015
►https://seenthis.net/messages/659572

Vintage Japanese Young Person’s Guide to Sex
Dangerous Minds, le 30 novembre 2015
►https://seenthis.net/messages/650477

The evolution of animal genitalia
Menno Schilthuizen, TED-Ed, le 24 avril 2017
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959
►https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vcPJkz-D5II

France, 2017 : le clitoris apparaît de manière complète dans un manuel de SVT
Antoine Oury, Actualitte, le 12 mai 2017
►https://seenthis.net/messages/598294

L’appareil génital féminin enfin présenté correctement en cours de SVT ?
Mathilde Saliou, Cheek Magazine, le 15 mai 2017
▻https://seenthis.net/messages/624729

Le clitoris entièrement décrit pour la première fois dans un manuel scolaire
Magalie Ghu, La Voix du Nord, le 16 mai 2017
►https://seenthis.net/messages/598294

Le clitoris dans les manuels de SVT : "Une condition sine qua non d’égalité"
Barbara Krief, L’Obs, le 16 mai 2017
►https://seenthis.net/messages/598294

Clitoris : pourquoi avoir attendu 2017 pour le représenter dans les manuels scolaires ?
Hélène Combis-Schlumberger, France Culture, le 19 mai 2017
►https://seenthis.net/messages/600007

Pourquoi dessine-t-on si mal les sexes féminins quand il y a des pénis partout ?
Béatrice Kammerer, Slate, le 12 juillet 2017
►https://seenthis.net/messages/635293

Comment lutter contre les maltraitances médicales ?
France Inter, le 17 juillet 2017
►https://seenthis.net/messages/658670

Débat sur les maltraitances médicales sur France Inter : les propos problématiques de la gynécologue Odile Buisson
Marie-Hélène Lahaye, Le Monde, le 20 juillet 2017
►https://seenthis.net/messages/658670

Diversity of Nature
Jacqueline Secor, le 29 juillet 2017
►https://seenthis.net/messages/627707

Pour une éducation sexuelle pudique et révolutionnaire : orgasmes, anatomie, sexisme et racisme
Fatima Khemilat, Youtube, le 16 août 2017
▻https://seenthis.net/messages/623715
►https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V0aAnrPDJqo

Une artiste dessine des vulves pour célébrer leur diversité
Anouk Perry, Madmoizelle, le 4 octobre 2017
►https://seenthis.net/messages/635852

Instant pleasure : un long déplaisir
Marie Docher, Atlantes et Cariatides, le 8 octobre 2017
►https://seenthis.net/messages/635960

À l’université de Poitiers, un clitoris géant pour revendiquer « l’égalité femmes hommes »
Le Figaro, le 24 novembre 2017
►https://seenthis.net/messages/635960

L’orgasme féminin et le fameux point G
Odile Buisson, France Culture, le 9 novembre 2017
►https://seenthis.net/messages/643679

On se tient par la main quand on s’aime ?
Agnès Giard, Libération, le 4 décembre 2017
►https://seenthis.net/messages/650477

South American fruit fly
Vanessa Simões Dias and Andrea Lucky, University of Florida, décembre 2017 2017
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

Fruit for feminism - Stephanie Sarley, 2017
►https://seenthis.net/messages/664886
►https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GHOpqq3hdgU

The 19th-Century Sham Medicine That Saw Oracles in Orifices
Natasha Frost, Atlas Obscura, le 16 janvier 2018
►https://seenthis.net/messages/643679

La vie sexuelle de ces coléoptères va vous donner des sueurs froides
Corentin Vilsalmon, Daily Geek Show, le 12 février 2018
►https://seenthis.net/messages/654959

First footage of deep-sea anglerfish pair
Science Magazine, Youtube, le 22 mars 2018
►https://seenthis.net/messages/679599
▻https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=anDIlMVgNwk

Première vidéo du très étrange accouplement des poissons-pêcheurs
Guru Med, le 23 mars 2018
►https://seenthis.net/messages/679599

PYNK - Janelle Monáe
►https://seenthis.net/messages/685655
►https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PaYvlVR_BEc

Quatre vingt quinze pour cent - George_Brassens
►https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=61klageOn-4

Clitóris - Titãs
►https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K6bccDQ1xME

Le Clitoris en 3D
Dror, Psikopat mai 2017

https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-l2i_R2CNE6Q/Wh40gfsfl-I/AAAAAAAAO2k/O4TYKgQOo20FUnMUS4omwbENhchaaiaKwCLcBGAs/s1600/Psikopat0517.JPG

Grosse bite, mais pas forcément sexiste
Dror, Psikopat juin 2017

https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-7QOBpAczDkE/Wh40gzj4USI/AAAAAAAAO2o/8YjZtRU_BBsFtf7GBwzGXHnqQ4jCSD5GACLcBGAs/s1600/Psikopat0617-2.JPG

A quoi ça sert de bailler ? et de crier pendant l’orgasme ? :
Dror, Psikopat, décembre 2017

https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-qjILQhgnzAA/WpbaShaSV0I/AAAAAAAAPG4/C3PQefRk5DMCnG8IPufQaOFIdz0WasnZwCLcBGAs/s1600/Psikopat1217.JPG

#sexualité #sexe #vulve #vagin #clitoris #orgasme #pénis #animaux

Will #blockchain Prevent Future Gun Violence? It’s Up To Us
▻https://hackernoon.com/will-blockchain-prevent-future-gun-violence-its-up-to-us-c3214197b4c1?so

https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1000/1*yq3MPfReG-09GtjjKqri8w.jpeg

In wake of the recent events in Parkland, Florida I feel compelled — not merely as a technologist, not even as an American, but as a human being — to speak up.Because, frankly, we can all agree that this isn’t just about “recent events.”Gun violence in America has consistently been a “recent event” for the past 10 years.Back in November — in the wake of the mass shooting at a church in Sutherland, Texas, which killed 26 and injured 20 — I wrote an article discussing how we might use blockchain to improve public safety. I gave some pie in the sky ideas about how this new technology could help us track weapons, purchases, and enforce regulations.And here I am again, after yet another mass shooting, writing about “how blockchain can be used to prevent gun violence.”As if a technology alone could ever curb (...)

#smart-contracts #guns #gun-control #social-change

Silicon Valley’s Sixty-Year Love Affair with the Word “Tool” | The New Yorker
▻https://www.newyorker.com/tech/elements/silicon-valleys-sixty-year-love-affair-with-the-word-tool

https://media.newyorker.com/photos/5ace316ca78110708645d61d/16:9/w_1200,h_630,c_limit/Weigel-Zuckerberg-changing-definition-of-Tool.jpg

In the written remarks that Mark Zuckerberg, the C.E.O. of Facebook, submitted in advance of his testimony on Capitol Hill this week, he used the word “tool” eleven times. “As Facebook has grown, people everywhere have gotten a powerful new tool to stay connected to the people they love, make their voices heard, and build communities and businesses,” Zuckerberg wrote. “We have a responsibility to not just build tools, but to make sure those tools are used for good.” Later, he added, “I don’t want anyone to use our tools to undermine democracy.” In his testimony before the Senate Judiciary and Commerce Committees on Tuesday, Zuckerberg referred to “these tools,” “those tools, “any tool,” “technical tools,” and—thirteen times—“A.I. tools.” On Wednesday, at a separate hearing of the House Energy and Commerce Committee, a congressman from Florida told Zuckerberg, “Work on those tools as soon as possible, please.”

What’s in a tool? The Oxford English Dictionary will tell you that the English word is more than a thousand years old and that, since the mid-sixteenth century, it has been used as the slur that we’re familiar with today.

In Silicon Valley, according to Siva Vaidhyanathan, a professor at the University of Virginia whose book about Facebook, “Antisocial Media,” is due out in September, “Tools are technologies that generate other technologies.” When I asked an engineer friend who builds “developer tools” for his definition, he noted that a tool is distinct from a product, since a product is “experienced rather than used.” The iTunes Store, he said, is a product: “there are lots of songs you can download, but it’s just a static list.” A Web browser, by contrast, is a tool, because “the last mile of its use is underspecified.”

Yesterday was not Zuckerberg’s first time being called in and interrogated about a Web site that he created. In the fall of 2003, when he was a sophomore at Harvard, a disciplinary body called the Ad Board summoned him to answer questions about Facemash, the Facebook precursor that he had just released. Using I.D. photos of female undergraduates scraped from the university’s online directories, Facemash presented users with pairs of women and asked them to rank who was “hotter.” (“Were we let in for our looks? No,” the site proclaimed. “Will we be judged on them? Yes.”) By 10 P.M. on the day Facemash launched, some four hundred and fifty visitors had cast at least twenty-two thousand votes. Several student groups, including Fuerza Latina and the Harvard Association of Black Women, led an outcry. But Zuckerberg insisted to the Ad Board that he had not intended to “insult” anyone. As the student newspaper, the Crimson, reported, “The programming and algorithms that made the site function were Zuckerberg’s primary interest in creating it.” The point of Facemash was to make a tool. The fact that it got sharpened on the faces of fellow-students was incidental.

The exaltation of tools has a long history in the Bay Area, going back to the late nineteen-sixties, when hippie counterculture intersected with early experiments in personal computing. In particular, the word got its cachet from the “Whole Earth Catalog,” a compendium of product reviews for commune dwellers that appeared several times a year, starting in 1968, and then sporadically after 1972. Its slogan: “Access to tools.” The publisher of the “Catalog,” Stewart Brand—a Stanford-trained biologist turned hippie visionary and entrepreneur—would later call it “the first instance of desktop publishing.” Steve Jobs, in his 2005 commencement address at Stanford, described it as “one of the bibles of my generation.” The “Catalog,” Jobs said, was “Google in paperback form, thirty-five years before Google came along. It was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and notions.” Jobs’s biographer, Walter Isaacson, quotes Brand as saying that the Apple co-founder was a kindred spirit; in designing products, Jobs “got the notion of tools for human use.” With the rise of personal computing, the term “tools” migrated from communes to software. The generation of tech leaders who grew up taking P.C.s and the World Wide Web for granted nevertheless inherited an admiration for Brand. In 2016, for instance, Facebook’s head of product, Chris Cox, joined him onstage at the Aspen Ideas Festival to give a talk titled “Connecting the Next Billion.”

Tool talk encodes an entire attitude to politics—namely, a rejection of politics in favor of tinkering. In the sixties, Brand and the “Whole Earth Catalog” presented tools as an alternative to activism. Unlike his contemporaries in the antiwar, civil-rights, and women’s movements, Brand was not interested in gender, race, class, or imperialism. The transformations that he sought were personal, not political. In defining the purpose of the “Catalog,” he wrote, “a realm of intimate, personal power is developing—power of the individual to conduct his own education, find his own inspiration, shape his own environment, and share his adventure with whoever is interested.” Like Zuckerberg, Brand saw tools as a neutral means to engage any and every user. “Whole Earth eschewed politics and pushed grassroots direct power—tools and skills,” he later wrote. If people got good enough tools to build the communities they wanted, politics would take care of itself.

#Facebook #Fred_Turner #Stewart_Brand #Tools
This idea became highly influential in the nineties, as the Stanford historian Fred Turner demonstrates in his book “From Counterculture to Cyberculture.” Through Wired magazine, which was founded by Brand’s collaborator Kevin Kelly, the message reached not just Silicon Valley but also Washington. The idea that tools were preferable to politics found a ready audience in a decade of deregulation. The sense that the Web was somehow above or beyond politics justified laws that privatized Internet infrastructure and exempted sites from the kinds of oversight that governed traditional publishers. In other words, Brand’s philosophy helped create the climate in which Facebook, Google, and Twitter could become the vast monopolies that they are today—a climate in which dubious political ads on these platforms, and their casual attitudes toward sharing user data, could pass mostly unnoticed. As Turner put it in a recent interview with Logic magazine (of which I am a co-founder), Brand and Wired persuaded lawmakers that Silicon Valley was the home of the future. “Why regulate the future?” Turner asked. “Who wants to do that?”

Detained, Then Violated
▻https://theintercept.com/2018/04/11/immigration-detention-sexual-abuse-ice-dhs

1,224 Complaints Reveal a Staggering Pattern of Sexual Abuse in Immigration Detention. Half of Those Accused Worked for ICE. A woman held at an immigration detention center in Washington state said she was raped by a medical worker and a private facility contractor as she sought help in the center’s medical unit. Another woman said officers cuffed and maced her following an argument with a fellow detainee at an immigration detention center in Florida. Then, as she lay on the ground, an (...)

#ICE #harcèlement #migration #viol

Trip report: Winter ISO C++ standards meeting (Jacksonville)—Herb Sutter
▻http://isocpp.org/feeder/?FeederAction=clicked&feed=All+Posts&seed=http%3A%2F%2Fisocpp.org%2Fblog%2F2

Lots of things happened.

Trip report: Winter ISO C++ standards meeting (Jacksonville) by Herb Sutter

From the article:

On Saturday March 17, the ISO C++ committee completed its winter meeting in Jacksonville, Florida, USA, hosted with thanks by the Standard C++ Foundation and Perennial. We had some 140 people at the meeting, representing 8 national bodies. As usual, we met for six days Monday through Saturday, including all evenings...

#News,_Standardization,

GoingNative 65: ISO C++ @ Jacksonville Debriefing
▻https://channel9.msdn.com/Shows/C9-GoingNative/GoingNative-65-ISO-C--Jacksonville-Debriefing

We are back quickly after our last episode to go over the latest news from the ISO C++ Standards Committee meeting in Jacksonville, Florida! C++20 planning is well on its way now as Steve Carroll chats with Gabriel Dos Reis and Gor Nishanov about new progress with C++ Modules, Coroutines, and more! Some coroutine-related papers accepted for a future version of the C++ standard (provides more context on the code shared in the video):Symmetric control transferParameter preview

#C++ #Standard_C++
▻http://video.ch9.ms/ch9/5282/794d6dc0-101b-4b18-bf4d-19fafbd95282/GN-FINAL.mp4

GoingNative 65: ISO C++ @ Jacksonville Debriefing—Augustin Popa
▻http://isocpp.org/feeder/?FeederAction=clicked&feed=All+Posts&seed=http%3A%2F%2Fisocpp.org%2Fblog%2F2

https://rev9.blob.core.windows.net/thumbnail/dea056df-29cc-4aeb-a7fd-a8af0128cf02_960.jpg

Another is out!

GoingNative 65: ISO C++ @ Jacksonville Debriefing by Augustin Popa

From the video:

We are back quickly after our last episode to go over the latest news from the ISO C++ Standards Committee meeting in Jacksonville, Florida! C++20 planning is well on its way now as Steve Carroll chats with Gabriel Dos Reis and Gor Nishanov about new progress with C++ Modules, Coroutines, and more! Some coroutine-related papers accepted for a future version of the C++ standard (provides more context on the code shared in the video): Symmetric control transfer Parameter (...)

#News,Video&_On-Demand,

C++ Will No Longer Have Pointers
▻https://www.fluentcpp.com/2018/04/01/cpp-will-no-longer-have-pointers

Who likes pointers? Those ancient creatures are a barrier to entry to C++, and a burden for those who braved the barrier. In the March 2018 C++ committee meeting in Jacksonville, Florida, the committee had a pretty ambitious agenda to work on. And one of the topics discussed was the deprecation, and later removal, of […]

ISO C++ Committee – Jacksonville 2018, trip report—Timur Doumler
▻http://isocpp.org/feeder/?FeederAction=clicked&feed=All+Posts&seed=http%3A%2F%2Fisocpp.org%2Fblog%2F2

Timur Doumler has joined the CLion team in fall 2017. He continues to be active on the C++ Committee, as it fits well into JetBrains’ strategy: our C++ team would like to be actively involved in the committee and feed our experience with implementing language features in our C++ tools back into the ongoing work on the evolution of the C++ language.

ISO C++ Committee – Jacksonville 2018 trip report by Timur Doumler

From the article:

From the 12th to the 17th of March 2018, I travelled to Jacksonville, Florida, to attend the ISO C++ Committee meeting as JetBrains’ representative on the committee. I decided to focus on Evolution Working Group and cover the most relevant discussions concerning language evolution: Day 1: Structured bindings and concepts Day 2: (...)

#Events,_Standardization,

What Emma González Said Without Words at the March for Our Lives Rally - The New York Times
▻https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/24/us/emma-gonzalez-march-for-our-lives.html

https://static01.nyt.com/images/2018/03/25/autossell/25xp-Emma/25xp-Emma-facebookJumbo.jpg

Un terrible discours en silence.

Emma González spoke for just under two minutes on Saturday before tens of thousands of demonstrators at the March for Our Lives rally in Washington, describing the effects of gun violence in emotional detail and reciting the names of classmates who had been killed.

Then she said nothing for four minutes and 26 seconds.

Ms. González, a senior at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Fla., has emerged as one of the most prominent faces among the student activists who have mobilized against gun violence after a shooting at their school last month that left 17 dead.

#No_gun #Politique_USA

Attaque de l’extrême-droite à la fac de Montpellier : « J’ai vu l’administration applaudir face au sang d’étudiants en lutte pour leurs droits »
►http://www.revolutionpermanente.fr/Attaque-de-l-extreme-droite-a-la-fac-de-Montpellier-J-ai-vu-l-a

A Montpellier, sous les coups de minuit, ce 22 mars, le doyen de la faculté de droit et de science politique a envoyé une milice d’extrême droite déloger les lycéens et étudiants mobilisés contre le Plan Étudiants, ils occupaient pacifiquement un amphi. Matraque, taser, des étudiants sont blessés à la tête. Le tout sous le regard du doyen et sa sécurité. Le bilan fut de quatre blessés graves, dont deux à la tête.

#étudiants_en_lutte #occupation #évacuation #milice

Federal Agency Courted Alcohol Industry to Fund Study on Benefits of Moderate Drinking - The New York Times
▻https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/17/health/nih-alcohol-study-liquor-industry.html

https://static01.nyt.com/images/2018/03/07/science/00ALCOHOL-promo/00ALCOHOL-promo-facebookJumbo.jpg

It was going to be a study that could change the American diet, a huge clinical trial that might well deliver all the medical evidence needed to recommend a daily alcoholic drink as part of a healthy lifestyle.

That was how two prominent scientists and a senior federal health official pitched the project during a presentation at the luxurious Breakers Hotel in Palm Beach, Fla., in 2014. And the audience members who were being asked to help pay for the $100 million study seemed receptive: They were all liquor company executives.

They also made the industry privy to pertinent details, including a list of clinical sites and investigators who were “already on board,” the size and length of the trial, approximate number of participants, and the fact that they could choose any beverage. By design, no form of alcohol — wine, liquor or beer — would be called out as better than another in the trial.

Dr. Michael Siegel, a professor of community health sciences at Boston University School of Public Health who was shown slides from the scientists’ presentation at The Breakers by The Times, said the study “is not public health research — it’s marketing.”

“This must have seemed like a dream come true for industry. Of course they would pay for it,” he said. “They’re admitting the trial is designed to provide a justification for moderate drinking. That’s not objective science.”

Whether scientists studying alcohol should accept money from the industry has long been controversial. Many scientists and policymakers have publicly said that any engagement with the alcohol industry undermines the credibility of the research.

In 2016, a group representing hundreds of scientists and policymakers published a statement saying researchers should never accept direct or indirect industry funding, and that “any form of engagement with the alcohol industry may influence the independence, objectivity, integrity and credibility” of the research.

“We know that industry funding not only affects the results of studies but affects the questions that are asked, how the results are analyzed and what the answers are,” said Dr. Adriane Fugh-Berman, a professor of pharmacology at Georgetown University and director of Pharmed Out, a group that researches drug marketing.

If the health effects of moderate drinking are a priority for the N.I.H., she added, “they should fund it themselves.”

#Pharmacie #Alcool #Addiction #Conflits_intérêt

YouTube, the Great Radicalizer - The New York Times
▻https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/10/opinion/sunday/youtube-politics-radical.html

https://static01.nyt.com/images/2018/03/11/opinion/sunday/11tufekci/11tufekci-facebookJumbo.jpg

Par Zeynep Tufekci

It seems as if you are never “hard core” enough for YouTube’s recommendation algorithm. It promotes, recommends and disseminates videos in a manner that appears to constantly up the stakes. Given its billion or so users, YouTube may be one of the most powerful radicalizing instruments of the 21st century.

This is not because a cabal of YouTube engineers is plotting to drive the world off a cliff. A more likely explanation has to do with the nexus of artificial intelligence and Google’s business model. (YouTube is owned by Google.) For all its lofty rhetoric, Google is an advertising broker, selling our attention to companies that will pay for it. The longer people stay on YouTube, the more money Google makes.

What keeps people glued to YouTube? Its algorithm seems to have concluded that people are drawn to content that is more extreme than what they started with — or to incendiary content in general.

Is this suspicion correct? Good data is hard to come by; Google is loath to share information with independent researchers. But we now have the first inklings of confirmation, thanks in part to a former Google engineer named Guillaume Chaslot.

It is also possible that YouTube’s recommender algorithm has a bias toward inflammatory content. In the run-up to the 2016 election, Mr. Chaslot created a program to keep track of YouTube’s most recommended videos as well as its patterns of recommendations. He discovered that whether you started with a pro-Clinton or pro-Trump video on YouTube, you were many times more likely to end up with a pro-Trump video recommended.

Combine this finding with other research showing that during the 2016 campaign, fake news, which tends toward the outrageous, included much more pro-Trump than pro-Clinton content, and YouTube’s tendency toward the incendiary seems evident.

YouTube has recently come under fire for recommending videos promoting the conspiracy theory that the outspoken survivors of the school shooting in Parkland, Fla., are “crisis actors” masquerading as victims. Jonathan Albright, a researcher at Columbia, recently “seeded” a YouTube account with a search for “crisis actor” and found that following the “up next” recommendations led to a network of some 9,000 videos promoting that and related conspiracy theories, including the claim that the 2012 school shooting in Newtown, Conn., was a hoax.

What we are witnessing is the computational exploitation of a natural human desire: to look “behind the curtain,” to dig deeper into something that engages us. As we click and click, we are carried along by the exciting sensation of uncovering more secrets and deeper truths. YouTube leads viewers down a rabbit hole of extremism, while Google racks up the ad sales.

#Zeynep_Tufekci #Google #YouTube #Radicalisation #Pouvoir_algorithmes #Politique_algorithmes

YouTube’s New Moderators Mistakenly Pull Right-Wing Channels - Bloomberg
▻https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-02-28/youtube-s-new-moderators-mistakenly-pull-right-wing-channels

https://assets.bwbx.io/images/users/iqjWHBFdfxIU/i7v57Ao4WVYQ/v0/1200x688.jpg

The Google division said in December it would assign more than 10,000 people to moderate content after a year of scandals over fake and inappropriate content on the world’s largest video site.

In the wake of the Feb. 14 school shooting in Parkland, Florida, some YouTube moderators mistakenly removed several videos and some channels from right-wing, pro-gun video producers and outlets.

The misstep pulls YouTube, Google and parent Alphabet Inc. deeper into a toxic political fights over gun control, fake and extreme content, and whether internet companies should be responsible for what third parties post on their services. The episode also shows how the huge video site continues to struggle with policing the service and how difficult it is to spot troubling content and decide whether the material should be taken down.

Gun reform calls since the shooting have sparked a rash of conspiracy theories on the web about the student activists. YouTube was criticized last week after promoting a video with a title that suggested Hogg, the teen survivor of the Florida school shooting, was a paid actor. The clip contained footage from an authoritative news source, leading YouTube’s software-based screening system to misclassify it. After YouTube was alerted to the video, it was pulled.

In the wake of the Florida shooting, Google and other internet companies are facing external pressure to remove the National Rifle Association’s NRA TV channel from their video streaming services. To date, YouTube and other services haven’t pulled the NRA’s official channel.

YouTube’s official policy says that “harmful or dangerous” and “hateful” content can violate its guidelines. If video creators break the rules three times within three months, YouTube terminates the account.

#Fake_news #Modération #Hébergeurs