publishedmedium:the guardian

Revealed: one in four Europeans vote populist | World news | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/world/ng-interactive/2018/nov/20/revealed-one-in-four-europeans-vote-populist

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Populist parties have more than tripled their support in Europe in the last 20 years, securing enough votes to put their leaders into government posts in 11 countries and challenging the established political order across the continent.

The steady growth in support for European populist parties, particularly on the right, is revealed in a groundbreaking analysis of their performance in national elections in 31 European countries over two decades, conducted by the Guardian in conjunction with more than 30 leading political scientists.

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How populism swept through Europe over 20 years | World news | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/world/ng-interactive/2018/nov/20/how-populism-emerged-as-electoral-force-in-europe

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Populism is spreading across the continent but has different characteristics by region
• Revealed: one in four Europeans votes populist

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Measuring populism: how the Guardian charted its rise | World news | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/20/measuring-populism-how-guardian-charted-rise-methodology

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Populism is a challenging thing to measure. Some researchers scrutinise speeches, manifestos and political messaging in search of populist rhetoric. Others survey politicians, or the public, to detect agreement with populist ideas and attitudes. Another technique involves analysing the electoral performance of political parties over time.

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Why is populism suddenly all the rage? | World news | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/world/political-science/2018/nov/20/why-is-populism-suddenly-so-sexy-the-reasons-are-many

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Populism is sexy. Particularly since 2016 – the year of the Brexit referendum and the election of Donald Trump – it seems as if journalists just cannot get enough of it. In 1998, the Guardian published about 300 articles that included the terms “populism” or “populist”. In 2015, these terms were used in about 1,000 articles, and one year later this number had doubled to almost 2,000.

#populisme #europe #extrême-droite #xénophobie #racisme #ultra-libéralisme

SK to dissolve sex slave foundation | World news | The Guardian

▻https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/21/anger-in-japan-as-south-korea-dissolves-comfort-women-foundation

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South Korea has announced it will dissolve a Japanese-funded foundation to support former victims of wartime sexual slavery, sparking outrage in Tokyo and marking the latest deterioration between the two countries.

#corée #japon #viols #viols_de_guerre
Japan’s prime minister, Shinzo Abe, said the move risked damaging relations and foreign minister Taro Kono called the decision “unacceptable”.

Brazil’s new foreign minister believes climate change is a Marxist plot | World news | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/15/brazil-foreign-minister-ernesto-araujo-climate-change-marxist-plot

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Ernesto Araújo has called climate science ‘dogma’ and bemoaned the ‘criminalisation’ of red meat, oil and heterosexual sex

Brazil’s president-elect Jair Bolsonaro has chosen a new foreign minister who believes climate change is part of a plot by “ cultural Marxists ” to stifle western economies and promote the growth of China.

Ernesto Araújo – until recently a mid-ranking official who blogs about the “criminalisation” of red meat, oil and heterosexual sex – will become the top diplomat of South America’s biggest nation, representing 200 million people and the greatest and most biodiverse forest on Earth, the Amazon.

His appointment, confirmed by Bolsonaro on Wednesday, is likely to send a chill through the global climate movement.

University alerts students to danger of leftwing essay

Prevent critics slam Reading for labelling ‘mainstream’ academic text as extremist.
An essay by a prominent leftwing academic that examines the ethics of socialist revolution has been targeted by a leading university using the government’s counter-terrorism strategy.

Students at the University of Reading have been told to take care when reading an essay by the late Professor Norman Geras, in order to avoid falling foul of Prevent.

Third-year politics undergraduates have been warned not to access it on personal devices, to read it only in a secure setting, and not to leave it lying around where it might be spotted “inadvertently or otherwise, by those who are not prepared to view it”. The alert came after the text was flagged by the university as “sensitive” under the Prevent programme.

The essay, listed as “essential” reading for the university’s Justice and Injustice politics module last year, is titled Our Morals: The Ethics of Revolution. Geras was professor emeritus of government at the University of Manchester until his death in 2013. He rejected terrorism but argued that violence could be justified in the case of grave social injustices.

Waqas Tufail, a senior lecturer in criminology at Leeds Beckett University who wrote a report about Prevent last year, described the case at Reading as “hugely concerning”. Another Prevent expert, Fahid Qurashi of Staffordshire University, said the move showed how anti-terrorism legislation is “being applied far beyond its purview”.
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Ilyas Nagdee, black students’ officer for the National Union of Students, said the case again highlighted “misunderstanding of the [counter-terrorism guidance].”

The strategy, itself controversial, is meant to divert people before they offend, and requires universities to monitor students’ and academics’ access to material that could be considered extremist. The scheme has repeatedly come under fire since its remit was expanded by the coalition government in 2011. Critics argue that it has curtailed academic freedom by encouraging universities to cancel appearances by extremist speakers and for fostering a “policing culture” in higher education.

Tufail added: “This text was authored by a mainstream, prominent academic who was well-regarded in his field, who was a professor at Manchester for many years and whose obituary was published in the Guardian. This case raises huge concerns about academic freedom and students’ access to material, and it raises wider questions about the impact of Prevent.” The text was identified as potentially sensitive by an academic convening the course. “This is almost worse because it means academics are now engaging in self-censorship,” Tufail said.

Nagdee said: “Prevent fundamentally alters the relationship between students and educators, with those most trusted with our wellbeing and development forced to act as informants. As this case shows, normal topics that are discussed as a matter of course in our educational spaces are being treated as criminal”.

The University of Reading said: “Lecturers must inform students in writing if their course includes a text deemed security-sensitive, and then list which students they expect will have to access the material.

“As laid out in the Counter-Terrorism and Security Act 2015, the University of Reading has put policies in place to take steps to prevent students being drawn into terrorism.” One aspect of this is to safeguard staff and students who access security-sensitive materials legitimately and appropriately used for study or research.”

►https://www.theguardian.com/education/2018/nov/11/reading-university-warns-danger-left-wing-essay
#université #it_has_begun #UK #Angleterre #surveillance #censure #gauche #droite #Reading #Prevent_programme #terrorisme #anti-terrorisme #violence #liberté_d'expression #liberté_académique #extrémisme #Norman_Geras

US navy ship ignored sinking migrants’ cries for help, say survivors | World news | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/09/us-navy-ship-ignored-sinking-migrants-cries-for-help-say-survivors

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Prosecutors in Sicily are examining allegations by shipwreck survivors that a US navy ship ignored distress calls and failed to assist them before their dinghy capsized.

The USS Trenton rescued 42 people after the dinghy sank on 12 June, but survivors allege that the cruiser had earlier ignored their cries for help, failing to avert a disaster in which 76 people died.

Magistrates in Ragusa confirmed that they have examined a video published by La Repubblica in which six survivors say the US cruiser was near the boat before the sinking – but appeared to ignore their request for help.

#migrations #asile #réfugiés #mourir_mer #méditerranée

How colonial violence came home: the ugly truth of the first world war | News | The Guardian
►https://www.theguardian.com/news/2017/nov/10/how-colonial-violence-came-home-the-ugly-truth-of-the-first-world-war

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How colonial violence came home: the ugly truth of the first world war

The Harlem Hellfighters

View of African American troops of the 369th Infantry, formerly the 15th Regiment New York Guard, and organized by Colonel Haywood, who were among the most highly decorated upon its return home, 1918. They were also known as the Harlem Hellfighters. (Photo by Interim Archives/Getty Images) Photograph: Interim Archives/Getty

The Great War is often depicted as an unexpected catastrophe. But for millions who had been living under imperialist rule, terror and degradation were nothing new. By Pankaj Mishra

Fri 10 Nov 2017 06.00 GMT
Last modified on Thu 30 Nov 2017 19.44 GMT

‘Today on the Western Front,” the German sociologist Max Weber wrote in September 1917, there “stands a dross of African and Asiatic savages and all the world’s rabble of thieves and lumpens.” Weber was referring to the millions of Indian, African, Arab, Chinese and Vietnamese soldiers and labourers, who were then fighting with British and French forces in Europe, as well as in several ancillary theatres of the first world war.

Faced with manpower shortages, British imperialists had recruited up to 1.4 million Indian soldiers. France enlisted nearly 500,000 troops from its colonies in Africa and Indochina. Nearly 400,000 African Americans were also inducted into US forces. The first world war’s truly unknown soldiers are these non-white combatants.

#congo #belgique #pgm #première_guerre_mondiale 1914-1918

MIT and Harvard reconsidering Saudi ties after Khashoggi murder | World news | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/13/saudi-arabia-mit-harvard-funding-mohammed-bin-salman-reconsidering-khas

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Last March, Saudi Arabia’s de facto ruler, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, came to the United States with a mission: to boost his image as a moderniser, liberaliser and reformer at a time when he stood accused of war crimes in Yemen and had recently consolidated power by jailing rivals, critics, rights activists and even family members.
Saudi Arabia says it is a beacon of light fighting ‘dark’ Iran
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Over the course of his three-week trip he appeared alongside American giants of government, business and entertainment, inking lucrative business deals while letting the celebrity and reputation of people such as Michael Bloomberg, Bill Gates, Jeff Bezos and Dwayne Johnson rub off on him.

#mit #boston #arabie_saoudite

University alerts students to danger of leftwing essay | Education | The Guardian
►https://www.theguardian.com/education/2018/nov/11/reading-university-warns-danger-left-wing-essay

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Des écrits d’un universitaire de gauche censurés par une université au nom de la « prévention contre le terrorisme »

“This text was authored by a mainstream, prominent academic who was well-regarded in his field, who was a professor at Manchester for many years and whose obituary was published in the Guardian. This case raises huge concerns about academic freedom and students’ access to material, and it raises wider questions about the impact of Prevent.” The text was identified as potentially sensitive by an academic convening the course. “This is almost worse because it means academics are now engaging in self-censorship,” Tufail said.

Violin maker in #Palestine brings sweet sounds to troubled landscape | World news | The Guardian

▻https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/oct/25/violin-maker-in-palestine-brings-sweet-sounds-to-troubled-landscape

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t is said that the hardest thing you can do with a violin is play Paganini.

But for Palestine’s foremost luthier, fixing instruments in refugee camps and using music to bring people together in a divided region comes a close second.

Shehada Shalalda, 28, is thought to be the only professional sanie kaman, or violin maker, in Palestine. The other luthiers in Palestine specialise in Arab instruments.

Thirteen years ago he was an unremarkable high school student growing up in the old quarter of Ramallah when he heard the aching strains of a single violin wafting up from a newly-opened music school. He was mesmerised and in that moment his life changed.

#violon #musique #palestine

A look back at the 60’s “Minnesota Experimental City”, the brainchild of South African futurist Athelstan Spilhaus | News | Archinect

▻https://archinect.com/news/article/150094660/a-look-back-at-the-60-s-minnesota-experimental-city-the-brainchild-of-sou

▻https://vimeo.com/238295988

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In proposing his prototype 21st-century city, Spilhaus correctly diagnosed many of the shortcomings of the 20th-century one. He cottoned on early to concepts such as air pollution, even speculating that it was changing the Earth’s atmosphere. — The Guardian

The Minnesota Experimental City has been documented in the film The Experimental City. Watch the trailer below...

#urban_matter #experimental_city

Copenhagenize your city: the case for urban cycling in 12 graphs | Cities | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/cities/gallery/2018/jun/11/copenhagenize-case-urban-cycling-graphs

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Why Copenhageners cycle
Most residents cycle because it is quick. Only 1% cite concern for the environment as their primary reason. This shows it is a mistake to focus pro-cycling campaigns on environmental benefits, says Mikael Colville-Andersen

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#vélo #copenhague #visualisation #urban_matter #transport via romain

Antarctic’s future in doubt after plan for world’s biggest marine reserve is blocked | World news | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/02/plan-create-worlds-biggest-nature-reserve-antarctic-rejected

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A plan to turn a huge tract of pristine Antarctic ocean into the world’s biggest sanctuary has been rejected, throwing the future of one of the Earth’s most important ecosystems into doubt.

Environmental groups said Russia, China and Norway had played a part in blocking the proposal, with the other 22 members of the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources, the organisation set up to protect Antarctic waters, backing the proposal.

The 1.8m sq km reserve – five times the size of Germany – would have banned all fishing in a vast area of the Weddell Sea and parts of the Antarctic peninsula, safeguarding species including penguins, killer whales, leopard seals and blue whales.

Experts said it would also have played a key role in tackling climate change, as the seas around the Antarctic soak up huge amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. But following days of talks in Hobart in Tasmania, the CCAMLR rejected the plan, which needed unanimous agreement to pass.

’Is our life just worth a photo?’: the tragic death of a couple in Yosemite | Environment | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/nov/02/yosemite-couple-death-selfie-photography-travel-blog-taft-point

A recent study documented 259 deaths worldwide caused by people taking selfies – dubbed “selficides” by the researchers – between October 2011 and November 2017. The vast majority of victims were young people aged between 10 and 29. The most common causes of death were drowning, transport accidents, and falls from high places.

#selficide

China needs to hear from its peers it cannot commit ethnic cleansing in Xinjiang | Frances Eve | World news | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/03/china-is-committing-ethnic-cleansing-in-xinjiang-its-time-for-the-world

Now is the time to act on China’s human rights abuses in Xinjiang. China’s efforts to destroy the ethnic Uighur identity through mass internment camps and militarised surveillance must be raised loudly and clearly condemned during a UN human rights review of China on Tuesday in Geneva.

Countries afraid of standing up to China on their own can speak out on 6 November on a UN platform, known as the universal periodic review (UPR), where all countries equally take turns to be scrutinised by their peers about every four years. The UPR tests UN member states’ commitment to promoting and protecting human rights, but more pragmatically, it gives governments a shield to protect themselves when speaking up.
[…]
Step-by-step the Xi Jinping regime has crossed thresholds unthinkable years ago, with little repercussion. The government detained nearly every single human rights lawyer over a single weekend in July 2015, imprisoned China’s only Nobel peace prize laureate until he died in custody in July 2017, and earlier this year, abolished presidential terms limits, paving the way for Xi to become dictator for life. The Han-dominated Chinese Communist party is now confident that the only way to govern Xinjiang is to eradicate the distinct Uighur identity in the name of countering terrorism. This cannot continue.
[…]
What’s happening to Uighurs and Muslim minorities in Xinjiang is about the future of China and the wider world. Some of the policies and technologies used in Xinjiang won’t stay there. They’ll spread east across China and eventually find their way overseas.

Au nom de l’anti-terrorisme. C’est peut-être en suivant la logique de ce tout dernier paragraphe que l’on peut trouver l’explication de l’inertie complète des gouvernements occidentaux…

The wealth of America’s three richest families grew by 6,000% since 1982 | Chuck Collins | Opinion | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/oct/31/us-wealthiest-families-dynasties-governed-by-rich

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Usually wealth diminishes over multiple generations, as money is spent, passed down to heirs, given to charity and paid in taxes. Only when families aggressively intervene to arrest this cycle does wealth continue to expand over multiple generations, even as the number of heirs increases.

Several dynastic families have used their considerable clout to stage just such an intervention, spending millions to save themselves billions.

They’ve lobbied Congress to tip the rules in favor of dynastic wealth, including tax cuts and public policies that will further enrich their enterprises. In the early 2000s, the Mars, Walton and Gallo families actively lobbied to abolish the federal estate tax, a tax paid exclusively by multimillionaires and billionaires. The Koch brothers have since organized their famous donor network to lobby for tax cuts for the rich and to roll back regulations on the energy industry, the source of their wealth.

Others aggressively use dynasty protection techniques to hide wealth and transfer it to heirs. They hire armies of tax accountants, wealth managers and trust lawyers to create trusts, shell corporations and offshore accounts to move money around and dodge taxation and accountability.

#acheter_les_lois #ploutocratie

Trump has abandoned civility. And so has the Republican party | Lloyd Green | Opinion | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/oct/31/trump-abandoned-civility-republican-party

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Vulgar and impulsive, shredding the social fabric is what Trump unapologetically does

#états_unis #trump

Stockholm says no to Apple ’town square’ in its oldest park | Cities | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2018/nov/01/stockholm-apple-town-square-park-kings-garden-kungstradgarden

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Plans for the company’s vast new ‘gathering place’ have been shelved after a backlash. But Apple is growing bolder in its designs on public space

#corporations #espace_public #dfs #reclaim_the_street

’They considered us toys’: North Korean women reveal extent of sexual violence | World news | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/01/north-korea-women-sexual-violence-report

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Women in North Korea are routinely subjected to sexual violence by government officials, prison guards, interrogators, police, prosecutors, and soldiers, according to a new report, with groping and unwanted advances a part of daily life for women working in the country’s burgeoning black markets.

The widespread nature of abuse by North Korea officials was documented in a new report by Human Rights Watch that interviewed 54 people who fled North Korea since 2011, the year Kim Jong-un came to power. It took more than two years amass the stories collected in the report, with subjects interviewed in countries across Asia.

#corée_du_nord

Saudis demanded good publicity over Yemen aid, leaked UN document shows | Global development | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2018/oct/30/saudis-demanded-good-publicity-over-yemen-aid-leaked-un-document-shows

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Saudi Arabia demanded that aid agencies operating in Yemen should provide favourable publicity for Riyadh’s role in providing $930m (£725m) of humanitarian aid, an internal UN document reveals.

Saudi military intervention in the three-year civil war is widely regarded as a prime cause of the humanitarian disaster that has seen 10,000 civilians killed, and left millions close to starvation. The kingdom intervened in Yemen to restore a UN-recognised government, and push back Iranian-supported Houthi rebels.

Un seul tag possible #psychopathie en plus de #arabie_saoudite

The unseen driver behind the migrant caravan: climate change | World news | The Guardian

►https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/oct/30/migrant-caravan-causes-climate-change-central-america

https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/b3dd6243f1b316f91ebbb8efd27b691f3cf98e7b/0_301_4512_2707/master/4512.jpg?width=1140&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=4d7fb843f5e9ff63c28bd45d6ef17502

Thousands of Central American migrants trudging through Mexico towards the US have regularly been described as either fleeing gang violence or extreme poverty.

But another crucial driving factor behind the migrant caravan has been harder to grasp: climate change.

Most members of the migrant caravans come from Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador – three countries devastated by violence, organised crime and systemic corruption, the roots of which can be traced back to the region’s cold war conflicts.

#migration #asile #amérique_centrale #climat #tats-unis

’We’ve never seen this’: massive Canadian glaciers shrinking rapidly | World news | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/oct/30/canada-glaciers-yukon-shrinking

https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/c745188f1cb0c82a36985cbd2a8a8bf83a2f623b/0_118_5132_3078/master/5132.jpg?width=620&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=c344dcaf947d3362739ceca0b48b2c6e

Scientists in Canada have warned that massive glaciers in the Yukon territory are shrinking even faster than would be expected from a warming climate – and bringing dramatic changes to the region.

After a string of recent reports chronicling the demise of the ice fields, researchers hope that greater awareness will help the public better understand the rapid pace of climate change.

#climat #glacier #canada

The remains of Stalin’s gulag railroad – a photo essay | World news | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/oct/29/the-remains-of-stalin-gulag-railroad-soviet-union-a-photo-essay

https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/c695ae5b34211cd97df9ffe6323073381d2cb44e/0_11_1000_684/master/1000.jpg?width=620&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=526a380f22a10e2fd11d3f1e1479c297

rom 1947 until 1953, tens of thousands of prisoners, many of them “politicals” convicted for “anti-Soviet acts”, were shipped to northern Russia to lay a railroad through some of the harshest terrain on Earth.

#urss #ex-urss #staline #goulag #soviétisme

Humanity has wiped out 60% of animals since 1970, major report finds | Environment | The Guardian
►https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/oct/30/humanity-wiped-out-animals-since-1970-major-report-finds

Humanity has wiped out 60% of animals since 1970, major report finds

The huge loss is a tragedy in itself but also threatens the survival of civilisation, say the world’s leading scientists

https://d2w9rnfcy7mm78.cloudfront.net/2954719/large_f92eee28dbba97fea6be90b6fa982c09.png?1540891792

#animaux #extinction

je m’interroge sur l’échelle car forcément quand on se rapproche de 100% de destruction la suite devient imperceptible

Jair Bolsonaro declared Brazil’s next president | World news | The Guardian
▻https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/oct/28/jair-bolsonaro-wins-brazil-presidential-election

https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/65c0f54183ab91bb4c320e009b822df79e2c9ff2/0_116_4000_2400/master/4000.jpg?width=1200&height=630&quality=85&auto=format&fit=crop&overlay-align=bottom%2Cleft&overlay-width=100p&overlay-base64=L2ltZy9zdGF0aWMvb3ZlcmxheXMvdGctZGVmYXVsdC5wbmc&s=4e1252a32d827a517b0e35b23e6f93eb

“We are happy. We want change,” declared Maicon Mesquita, a 23-year-old businessman who had brought his family to Avenida Paulista to celebrate. “He will be a president who has no involvement at all in corruption.”

#fascisme

David Blight on Frederick Douglass: ’I call him beautifully human’ | Books | The Guardian

▻https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/oct/28/david-blight-on-frederick-douglass-i-call-him-beautifully-human

https://dl.dropbox.com/s/ias8yrwptvfq8o2/2561.jpg?dl=0

Sun 28 Oct 2018 05.00 GMT

David Blight arrives in New York pulling his carry-on luggage, en route from Washington, soon to fly onwards to San Francisco. Such is the interest in his new biography of Frederick Douglass, a book 10 years in the writing and a whole career in the making, he will be on the road till December.

He takes off his lovingly battered Michigan State cap, picks up a coffee and sits down for another conversation.

“I’m lucky there’s so much interest,” he says, “and I’m lucky to have a publisher that really cares to send me around. I’ve never done a book tour like this.”