• #Vols_spéciaux : la pratique suisse menace les #droits_humains

    Chaque année, plus de cent personnes, familles avec enfants comprises, sont renvoyées de Suisse contre leur gré par voie aérienne. Malgré les critiques exprimées depuis plusieurs années par la société civile et des organes internationaux de protection des droits humains, les agent·e·s de police font régulièrement usage de différentes formes de contrainte et de violence lors des vols spéciaux. Des mesures qui, dans leur mise en œuvre, vont souvent à l’encontre des droits humains.

    Joseph Chiakwa décède le 17 mars 2010 à l’aéroport de Zurich lors d’un renvoi forcé de niveau 4. Il est alors en grève de la faim depuis au moins six semaines. Comme il « agite » les mains alors qu’il est partiellement ligoté, il est attaché à un fauteuil roulant, casqué et porte un filet facial. Ce n’est que lorsque son pouls n’est plus perceptible qu’il est désentravé. Pour les organisations de la société civile, le jeune homme de 29 ans est clairement mort des suites de sa grève de la faim et du stress provoqué par son renvoi et son entrave. Jusqu’à aujourd’hui, sa mort n’a pas été entièrement expliquée par les autorités.

    La pratique suisse en matière d’exécution des renvois compte encore aujourd’hui parmi les plus dures d’Europe. Il n’est pas rare que la violence excessive lors des renvois fasse l’objet d’articles de presse ou de films. Mais ces cas isolés et médiatisés ne sont que la pointe de l’iceberg : selon l’Organisation suisse d’aide aux réfugiés, le nombre de vols spéciaux est en constante augmentation et s’accompagne généralement d’un usage disproportionné de la violence. Cette pratique ne passe pas inaperçue au niveau international : le Comité contre la torture de l’ONU a réprimandé la Suisse en 2010 pour son usage excessif de la force et des mauvais traitements lors de ces rapatriements par voie aérienne et l’a encore exhortée en 2015 à recourir de manière proportionnée aux mesures de contrainte.

    L’article 28 de l’ordonnance sur l’usage de la contrainte (OLUsC) définit quand et quelles mesures de contrainte sont autorisées de la part des fonctionnaires de police lors des vols de rapatriement. Les personnes qui n’acceptent pas un retour autonome - correspondant au niveau de rapatriement d’exécution 1 - sont renvoyées par un vol de ligne au niveau 2, accompagnées par deux fonctionnaires civil·e·s. Si la personne à rapatrier est susceptible de résister physiquement, le niveau 3 est appliqué : les agent·e·s de police peuvent utiliser des menottes partielles ou complètes ainsi que la force physique. Si une résistance physique « forte » est supposée, le rapatriement se fait en outre par vol spécial et sous l’accompagnement d’au moins deux policier·cière·s, soit le niveau d’exécution 4.

    Depuis juillet 2012, la Commission nationale de prévention de la torture (CNPT) organise des escortes aériennes sur des vols spéciaux et fait un rapport annuel sur les pratiques des autorités. À ce jour, la commission observe de manière récurrente des « pratiques policières inappropriées » et un recours excessif aux entraves préventives lors des rapatriements par voie aérienne. Selon son dernier rapport de suivi de l’exécution, entre avril 2020 et mars 2021, des menottes partielles ont été utilisées dans plus de la moitié des renvois au niveau d’exécution 4. Il s’agit de la mise en place de menottes, de manchettes pour les pieds et le haut du bras ainsi que d’une ceinture, les poignets étant fixés à la sangle. La commission estime que le menottage partiel et la surveillance des personnes concernées sont en partie disproportionnés. Dans environ 10 % des cas, il a en outre été fait usage d’entraves pour le corps entier, les pieds et les jambes étant fixés par des manchettes et des attaches-câbles. La CNPT fait également état de l’utilisation de menottes métalliques, de casques de protection et de filets à crachats. Dans un cas isolé, une personne a même été amenée à l’avion attachée à un fauteuil roulant, ce qui constitue une pratique dégradante selon la CNPT. De plus, dans plusieurs cas, les personnes concernées ont été informées de manière lacunaire ou non compréhensible de leur transfert et des mesures de contrainte.

    Le recours à la contrainte et à la violence est particulièrement grave lors du rapatriement de familles et d’enfants. Les familles sont régulièrement arrêtées la nuit, rapatriées de manière échelonnée et les parents ou parfois même les enfants sont attaché·e·s. De plus, les enfants doivent régulièrement traduire les conversations entre leurs parents et le personnel d’accompagnement. Ces pratiques portent atteinte au bien-être des enfants et à l’unité de la famille.

    Enfin, les soins de santé ne sont pas toujours garantis aux personnes sur les vols de rapatriement. L’immobilité forcée pendant des heures et les entraves au niveau d’exécution 4, associées au port du casque et du filet anti.crachat, rendent la surveillance de l’état de santé peu efficace. Enfin, les médecins traitant·e·s invoquent régulièrement le secret médical lors des rapatriements ou leurs rapports sont ignorés par le personnel médical d’escorte.

    Les renvois forcés sont en soi délicats du point de vue des droits humains, une exécution contre la volonté d’une personne portant gravement atteinte à ses droits et à ses libertés. La pratique des autorités suisses en matière d’exécution des renvois implique des atteintes disproportionnées à la liberté personnelle (art. 5 CEDH) et à la dignité humaine (art. 7 Cst.) des personnes concernées ainsi qu’à l’interdiction des peines et traitements inhumains et dégradants (art. 3 CEDH, art. 7 du Pacte II de l’ONU). La mort de Joseph Chiakwa illustre le fait que le droit à la vie (art. 2 CEDH) est également menacé lors de l’exécution du renvoi. La manière dont le rapatriement des familles et des enfants est effectué remet en outre en question la garantie de la Convention de l’ONU relative aux droits de l’enfant.

    https://www.humanrights.ch/fr/qui-sommes-nous/rapatriements-aerienne-pratique-suisse-menace-droits-humains

    #vol_spécial #Suisse #asile #migrations #réfugiés #déboutés #renvois #expulsion #retour #contrainte #renvoi_forcé #violence #Joseph_Chiakwa

  • A Bordeaux, la cour administrative d’appel a confirmé l’expulsion d’un Ukrainien quatre jours après le début de la guerre

    Dans leur décision datée du 28 février, les magistrats estiment que le père de famille de 36 ans « ne produit aucun élément probant de nature à établir la réalité des risques » en cas de retour dans son pays. La préfecture a assuré qu’elle ne mettrait pas en œuvre la mesure.

    Dans cette décision révélée par Le Canard enchaîné, la cour administrative d’appel de Bordeaux a infirmé un jugement du tribunal administratif de Toulouse qui avait annulé, pour des problèmes de forme, une obligation de quitter le territoire français prononcée en août 2021 par le préfet de Haute-Garonne.

    Pour la cour, le père de famille de 36 ans, dont la demande d’asile a été définitivement rejetée en 2018, « ne produit aucun élément probant de nature à établir la réalité des risques » encourus en cas de retour en Ukraine, selon sa décision datée du 28 février, sans faire référence à l’invasion russe qui venait juste de débuter, quatre jours auparavant.
    « Décision déconnectée de toute forme de réalité »

    « C’est une décision déconnectée de toute forme de réalité et de l’actualité », s’est offusqué Me Julien Brel, l’avocat du couple d’Ukrainiens, tous deux sourds, qui résident près de Toulouse avec deux enfants de 2 et 6 ans.

    « Après le 24 février, on ne peut plus écrire qu’un Ukrainien n’encourt aucun risque en cas de retour en Ukraine », a-t-il dénoncé. La cour administrative d’appel a toutefois souligné que l’audience s’était tenue le 24 janvier, un mois « avant le déclenchement de l’offensive ».

    « Je comprends l’émoi mais le rôle du juge était de dire si la décision du préfet était légale en août 2021, au moment où la situation irrégulière de monsieur était constatée », a expliqué la présidente de la cour administrative d’appel, Brigitte Phémolant, en précisant que « l’arrêt n’oblige pas le préfet à renvoyer l’étranger en Ukraine ».

    Le père avait quitté sa région du Donbass, dans l’est séparatiste de l’Ukraine, au début du conflit en 2014, pour déménager chez sa belle-famille à Vinnytsia, où il aurait été mal accueilli en raison de ses origines. Le couple était ensuite arrivé sans papiers en 2015 dans la région de Toulouse, donnant naissance à un premier enfant atteint d’une malformation congénitale. Leur avocat s’apprête à déposer une nouvelle demande d’asile.

    https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2022/03/10/a-bordeaux-la-cour-administrative-d-appel-a-confirme-l-expulsion-d-un-ukrain

    #asile #migrations #France #expulsion #renvoi #réfugiés_ukrainiens #Ukraine #honte

  • Status agreement with Senegal : #Frontex might operate in Africa for the first time

    The border agency in Warsaw could deploy drones, vessels and personnel. It would be the first mission in a country that does not directly border the EU. Mauretania might be next.

    As a „priority third state“ in West Africa, Senegal has long been a partner for migration-related security cooperation with the EU. The government in Dakar is one of the addressees of the „#North_Africa_Operational_Partnership“; it also receives technical equipment and advice for border police upgrading from EU development aid funds. Now Brussels is pushing for a Frontex mission in Senegal. To this end, Commission President Ursula von der Leyen travelled personally to the capital Dakar last week. She was accompanied by the Commissioner for Home Affairs, Ylva Johansson, who said that a contract with Senegal might be finalised until summer. For the matter, Johansson met with Senegal’s armed-forces minister and foreign minister.

    For operations outside the EU, Frontex needs a so-called status agreement with the country concerned. It regulates, for example, the use of coercive police measures, the deployment of weapons or immunity from criminal and civil prosecution. The Commission will be entrusted with the negotiations for such an agreement with Senegal after the Council has given the mandate. The basis would be a „model status agreement“ drafted by the Commission on the basis of Frontex missions in the Western Balkans. Frontex launched its first mission in a third country in 2019 in Albania, followed by Montenegro in 2020 and Serbia in 2021.

    New EU Steering Group on migration issues

    The deployment to Senegal would be the first time the Border Agency would be stationed outside Europe with operational competences. Johansson also offered „#surveillance equipment such as #drones and vessels“. This would take the already established cooperation to a new level.

    Frontex is already active in the country, but without uniformed and armed police personnel. Of the only four liaison officers Frontex has seconded to third countries, one is based at the premises of the EU delegation in #Dakar. His tasks include communicating with the authorities responsible for border management and assisting with deportations from EU member states. Since 2019, Senegal has been a member of Frontex’s so-called AFIC network. In this „Risk Analysis Cell“, the agency joins forces with African police forces and secret services for exchanges on imminent migration movements. For this purpose, Frontex has negotiated a working agreement with the Senegalese police and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

    The new talks with Senegal are coordinated in the recently created „Operational Coordination Mechanism for the External Dimension of Migration“ (MOCADEM). It is an initiative of EU member states to better manage their politics in countries of particular interest. These include Niger or Iraq, whose government recently organised return flights for its own nationals from Minsk after Belarus‘ „instrumentalisation of refugees“ at the EU’s insistence. If the countries continue to help with EU migration control, they will receive concessions for visa issuance or for labour migration.

    Senegal also demands something in return for allowing a Frontex mission. The government wants financial support for the weakened economy after the COVID pandemic. Possibilities for legal migration to the EU were also on the agenda at the meetings with the Commission. Negotiations are also likely to take place on a deportation agreement; the Senegalese authorities are to „take back“ not only their own nationals but also those of other countries if they can prove that they have travelled through the country to the EU and have received an exit order there.

    Deployment in territorial waters

    Senegal is surrounded by more than 2,600 kilometres of external border; like the neighbouring countries of Mali, Gambia, Guinea and Guinea-Bissau, the government has joined the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). Similar to the Schengen area, the agreement also regulates the free movement of people and goods in a total of 15 countries. Only at the border with Mauritania, which left ECOWAS in 2001, are border security measures being stepped up.

    It is therefore possible that a Frontex operation in Senegal will not focus on securing the land borders as in the Western Balkans, but on monitoring the maritime border. After the „Canary Islands crisis“ in 2006 with an increase in the number of refugee crossings, Frontex coordinated the Joint Operation „Hera“ off the islands in the Atlantic; it was the first border surveillance mission after Frontex was founded. Departures towards the Canary Islands are mostly from the coast north of Senegal’s capital Dakar, and many of the people in the boats come from neighbouring countries.

    The host country of „Hera“ has always been Spain, which itself has bilateral migration control agreements with Senegal. Authorities there participate in the communication network „Seahorse Atlantic“, with which the Spanish gendarmerie wants to improve surveillance in the Atlantic. Within the framework of „Seahorse“, the Guardia Civil is also allowed to conduct joint patrols in the territorial waters of Senegal, Mauritania and Cape Verde. The units in „Hera“ were also the only Frontex mission allowed to navigate the countries‘ twelve-mile zone with their vessels. Within the framework of „Hera“, however, it was not possible for Frontex ships to dock on the coasts of Senegal or to disembark intercepted refugees there.

    Spain wants to lead Frontex mission

    Two years ago, the government in Madrid terminated the joint maritime mission in the Atlantic. According to the daily newspaper „El Pais“, relations between Spain and Frontex were at a low point after the border agency demanded more control over the resources deployed in „Hera“. Spain was also said to be unhappy with Frontex’s role in the Canary Islands. The agency had seconded two dozen officers to the Canary Islands to fingerprint and check identity documents after a sharp increase in crossings from Senegal and Mauritania in 2020. According to the International Organization for Migration, at least 1,200 people died or went missing when the crossing in 2021. The news agency AFP quotes the Spanish NGO Caminando Fronteras which puts this number at over 4,400 people. Also the Commissioner Johansson said that 1,200 were likely underestimated.

    The new situation on the Canary Islands is said to have prompted Frontex and the government in Madrid to advocate the envisaged launch of the joint operation in Senegal. With a status agreement, Frontex would be able to hand over refugees taken on board to Senegalese authorities or bring them back to the country itself by ship. The Guardia Civil wants to take over the leadership of such an operation, writes El Pais with reference to Spanish government circles. The government in Dakar is also said to have already informed the EU of its readiness for such an effort.

    The idea for an operational Frontex deployment in Senegal is at least three years old. Every year, Frontex Director Fabrice Leggeri assesses in a report on the implementation of the EU’s External Maritime Borders Regulation whether refugees rescued in its missions could disembark in the respective eligible third countries. In the annual report for 2018, Leggeri attested to the government in Senegal’s compliance with basic fundamental and human rights. While Frontex did not even consider disembarking refugees in Libya, Tunisia or Morocco, the director believes this would be possible with Senegal – as well as Turkey.

    Currently, the EU and its agencies have no concrete plans to conclude status agreements with other African countries, but Mauritania is also under discussion. Frontex is furthermore planning working (not status) arrangements with other governments in North and East Africa. Libya is of particular interest; after such a contract, Frontex could also complete Libya’s long-planned connection to the surveillance network EUROSUR. With a working agreement, the border agency would be able to regularly pass on information from its aerial reconnaissance in the Mediterranean to the Libyan coast guard, even outside of measures to counter distress situations at sea.

    https://digit.site36.net/2022/02/11/status-agreement-with-senegal-frontex-wants-to-operate-in-africa-for-t

    #Sénégal #asile #migrations #réfugiés #externalisation #frontières #contrôles_frontaliers #Afrique #Mauritanie #Afrique_de_l'Ouest #renvois #expulsions #AFIC #Risk_Analysis_Cell #services_secrets #police #coopération #accord #MOCADEM #Operational_Coordination_Mechanism_for_the_External_Dimension_of_Migration #accords_de_réadmission #accord_de_réadmission #frontières_maritimes #Atlantique #Seahorse_Atlantic #Hera

    –-
    ajouté à la métaliste sur l’externalisation des contrôles frontaliers :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/731749
    et plus précisément ici :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/731749#message765327

    ping @isskein @reka @karine4

    • L’Union européenne veut déployer Frontex au large des côtes sénégalaises

      À l’occasion de la visite au Sénégal de cinq commissaires européennes, l’UE propose au gouvernement le déploiement de Frontex, l’agence européenne de garde-côtes et de gardes-frontières. La Commission européenne envisagerait un déploiement d’ici à l’été en cas d’accord avec les autorités sénégalaises.

      C’est pour l’instant une proposition faite par Ylva Johansson. La commissaire chargée des Affaires intérieures a évoqué la question avec les ministres des Affaires étrangères, des forces armées et de l’Intérieur ce vendredi à Dakar.

      Pour l’Union européenne, l’intérêt immédiat est de contrôler le trafic d’êtres humains avec les embarcations qui partent des côtes sénégalaises vers l’archipel espagnol des Canaries. Mais le principe serait aussi de surveiller les mouvements migratoires vers l’Europe via la Mauritanie ou bien la route plus longue via l’Algérie et la Libye.

      L’idée est une collaboration opérationnelle des garde-côtes et gardes-frontières de l’agence Frontex avec la gendarmerie nationale sénégalaise et sous sa direction. L’UE envisage le déploiement de navires, de personnel et de matériel. La commissaire européenne aux Affaires intérieures a évoqué par exemple des drones.

      L’agence Frontex de surveillance des frontières extérieures de l’Union est en train de monter en puissance : son effectif devrait s’élever à 10 000 gardes-côtes et gardes-frontières dans quatre ans, soit dix fois plus qu’en 2018. Elle n’a jamais été déployée hors d’Europe et cette proposition faite au Sénégal illustre à l’avance la priorité que va mettre l’Europe sur les questions migratoires lors du sommet avec l’Union africaine dans une semaine.

      https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20220211-l-union-europ%C3%A9enne-veut-d%C3%A9ployer-frontex-au-large-des-c%C3%B4

    • EU seeks to deploy border agency to Senegal

      European Commissioner Ylva Johansson on Friday offered to deploy the EU’s border agency to Senegal to help combat migrant smuggling, following a surge in perilous crossings to Spain’s Canary Islands.

      At a news conference in the Senegalese capital Dakar, Johansson said the arrangement would mark the first time that the EU border agency Frontex would operate outside Europe.

      Should the Senegalese government agree, the commissioner added, the EU could send surveillance equipment such as drones and vessels, as well as Frontex personnel.

      Deployed alongside local forces, the agents would “work together to fight the smugglers,” she said.

      “This is my offer and I hope that Senegal’s government is interested in this unique opportunity,” said Johansson, the EU’s home affairs commissioner.

      The announcement comes amid a sharp jump in attempts to reach the Canary Islands — a gateway to the EU — as authorities have clamped down on crossings to Europe from Libya.

      The Spanish archipelago lies just over 100 kilometres (60 miles) from the coast of Africa at its closest point.

      But the conditions in the open Atlantic are often dangerous, and would-be migrants often brave the trip in rickety wooden canoes known as pirogues.

      About 1,200 people died or went missing attempting the crossing in 2021, according to the UN’s International Organization for Migration (IOM).

      Spanish NGO Caminando Fronteras last month put the figure at over 4,400 people.

      Johansson also said on Friday that the 1,200-person figure was likely an underestimate.

      She added that she had discussed her Frontex proposal with Senegal’s armed-forces minister and foreign minister, and was due to continue talks with the interior minister on Friday.

      An agreement that would see Frontex agents deployed in Senegal could be finalised by the summer, she said.

      EU Competition Commissioner Margrethe Vestager, who was also at the news conference, said a Frontex mission in Senegal could also help tackle illegal fishing.

      Several top European Commission officials, including President Ursula von der Leyen, arrived in Senegal this week to prepare for a summit between the EU and the African Union on February 17-18.

      https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220211-eu-seeks-to-deploy-border-agency-to-senegal

    • EU: Tracking the Pact: Plan for Frontex to deploy “vessels, surveillance equipment, and carry out operational tasks” in Senegal and Mauritania

      The EU’s border agency is also due to open a “risk analysis cell” in Nouakchott, Mauritania, in autumn this year, according to documents obtained by Statewatch and published here. The two “action files” put heavy emphasis on the “prevention of irregular departures” towards the Canary Islands and increased cooperation on border management and anti-smuggling activities. Earlier this month, the Council authorised the opening of negotiations on status agreements that would allow Frontex to operate in both countries.

      Senegal: Fiche Action - Sénégal - Renforcement de la coopération avec l’agence Frontex (WK 7990/2022 INIT, LIMITE, 7 June 2022, pdf)

      Action 1: Jointly pursue contacts with the Senegalese authorities - and in particular the Ministry of the Interior, as well as other relevant authorities - at political and diplomatic level to achieve progress on the commitments made during the visit of President von der Leyen and Commissioners on 9-11 February 2022, in particular with regard to the fight against irregular immigration, and Frontex cooperation, as part of a comprehensive EU-Senegal partnership on migration and mobility. Take stock of Senegal’s political context (i.a. Casamance) and suggestions in order to agree on next steps and a calendar.

      Action 2: Taking up the elements of the previous negotiations with the relevant Senegalese authorities, and in the framework of the new working arrangement model, propose a working arrangement with Frontex in the short term, depending on the will and the interest of the Senegalese authorities to conclude such an arrangement.

      Action 3: Depending on the response from the Senegalese authorities, initiate steps towards the negotiation and, in the medium term, the conclusion of a status agreement allowing direct operational support from Frontex to Senegal, particularly in terms of prevention of crime and irregular migration, including in the fight against migrant smuggling and trafficking in human beings.

      Action 4 Give substance to the messages expressed by the Senegalese authorities in the framework of policy exchanges and work on joint programming (Joint Strategy Paper - JSP). Identify support and cooperation measures of major interest to the Senegalese authorities (e.g. explore with Senegal the interest in concluding a Talent Partnership with voluntary Member States, if progress is made in other aspects of migration cooperation; propose an anti-smuggling operational partnership and explore possibilities to strengthen cooperation and exchange of information with Europol). Make use of the Team Europe Initiative (TEI) on the Western Mediterranean and Atlantic route to frame cooperation projects on migration issues. Promote cooperation with Frontex on border management also in the broader framework of cooperation and exchanges with the Senegalese authorities.

      –-

      Mauretania: Fiche Action - Mauritanie - Renforcement de la coopération avec l’agence Frontex (WK 7989/2022 INIT, LIMITE, 7 June 2022, pdf):

      Action 1: On the basis of the exchanges initiated and the cooperation undertaken with the Mauritanian authorities, identify the main priorities of the migration relationship. Determine the support and cooperation measures of major interest (e.g. support for the implementation of the National Migration Management Strategy, continuation of maritime strategy actions, protection of refugees and asylum seekers, support for reintegration, fight against smuggling networks, deployment of an additional surveillance and intervention unit of the “GAR-SI” type, creation of jobs for young people, involvement of the diaspora in the development of the country, etc.). Use the Team Europe Initiative (TEI) on the Western Mediterranean and Atlantic route to coordinate cooperation projects on migration issues, including on root causes.

      Action 2: Propose to the Mauritanian authorities the holding of an informal migration dialogue between the EU and Mauritania, focusing notably on the fight against migrant smuggling and border management, in order to best determine their needs in this area and identify the possibilities for Frontex support.

      Action 3: On the basis of the exchanges that took place between Frontex and the Mauritanian authorities in the first semester of 2022, finalise the exchanges on a working arrangement with Frontex, depending on their interest to conclude it.

      Action 4: Depending on the interest shown by the Mauritanian authorities, initiate diplomatic steps to propose the negotiation and conclusion of a status agreement allowing direct operational support from Frontex at Mauritania’s borders, in particular in the area of prevention of irregular departures, but also in the fight against migrant smuggling and other areas of interest to Mauritania, in the framework of the Frontex mandate.

      https://www.statewatch.org/news/2022/july/eu-tracking-the-pact-plan-for-frontex-to-deploy-vessels-surveillance-equ
      #Mauritanie #surveillance

  • Al confine di Ventimiglia, dove i controlli rendono i passeur l’ultima speranza dei migranti

    Nel 2021 i respingimenti al confine italo-francese sono stati oltre 24mila, in aumento rispetto al 2020. La militarizzazione della frontiera rende sempre più complesso il passaggio per le persone in transito e alimenta il mercato illecito. Il nostro reportage

    A pochi metri dal confine di ponte San Luigi, a Ventimiglia, Mosaab si affaccia dal parapetto guardando il porticciolo di Mentone, prima cittadina in territorio francese. “Dopo essere sopravvissuto alla Libia -spiega- non avrei mai immaginato che passare questo confine sarebbe stato così difficile”. Per l’ottava volta il giovane diciottenne originario del Sudan del Sud è stato identificato e riaccompagnato sul territorio italiano dalla polizia d’Oltralpe. È il numero 39 -dice il foglio che ne sancisce il divieto di ingresso- di una giornata quasi primaverile di fine gennaio. Mosaab è solo uno degli oltre 24mila respingimenti registrati al confine italo-francese nel 2021: secondo i dati ottenuti da Altreconomia provenienti dal ministero dell’Interno il 13% in più rispetto al 2020 e pari al 46% in più del 2019. “Da quando la collaborazione tra le polizie è più intensa è sempre più difficile passare e il ruolo dei passeur è sempre più rilevante”, spiega Enzo Barnabà, scrittore e storico che abita a poche centinaia di metri dal confine italo-francese.

    Alla stazione italiana di Ventimiglia la polizia controlla a intermittenza gli accessi ai treni: nel primo mattino un dispiegamento di sette agenti rende pressoché impossibile a tutti coloro che hanno determinate caratteristiche somatiche salire sul treno in mancanza di documenti: due poliziotti presidiano l’uscita dalle scale che dal tunnel portano sulla piattaforma. Ma all’ora di pranzo, nel cambio turno, sulle piattaforme dei binari si perdono le tracce degli agenti almeno per un paio di ore. Allo stesso modo i francesi non riescono a garantire un controllo costante. “Il venerdì pomeriggio, quando c’è il mercato di Ventimiglia, meta da parte dei cittadini francesi, in treno praticamente non controllano nessuno” spiega Alessandra Garibaldi, operatrice legale di Diaconia Valdese (diaconiavaldese.org). “Così come quando gioca il Nizza: il prefetto concentra i controlli allo stadio e il passaggio è più facile” aggiunge Barnabà. Non sono “falle del sistema” ma la consapevolezza che non è possibile bloccare migliaia di persone in una cittadina al confine tra due Stati membri dell’Unione europea. Un confine sempre più militarizzato con “infinite” possibilità di passarlo: a piedi, in treno o in camion percorrendo le strade statali lungo l’autostrada. Tanto che da Bordighera, la città prima di Ventimiglia viaggiando in direzione Nizza, le piazzole di sosta sono chiuse e nell’ultimo autogrill italiano non è possibile la sosta per i tir con un peso maggiore di 3,5 tonnellate.

    Bashir, diciottenne originario del Ciad, racconta che è la seconda volta che prova ad attraversare e viene respinto. “Ieri abbiamo pagato 50 euro per sapere dove fosse l’imbocco del sentiero -spiega-. Per passare in macchina ne servivano 300 ma io non ho tutti quei soldi”. Bashir è arrivato in Italia da appena 30 giorni ed è la seconda volta che prova ad attraversare a piedi: la polizia francese l’ha intercettato nella tarda serata del giorno prima e poi trattenuto tutta la notte. Da Grimaldi, un Paese di meno di 300 abitanti a otto chilometri da Ventimiglia parte il sentiero che è stato ribattezzato “Passo della morte”. Diversi oggetti segnano la strada: valigie, ombrelli, spazzolini, documenti “stracciati”. Chi transita si alleggerisce passo dopo passo di tutto ciò che è superfluo. Superata l’autostrada, il sentiero prosegue verso l’interno della vallata per poi risalire dritto verso il crinale della montagna. Un “buco” nella rete metallica permette l’ingresso in Francia, da quel punto in poi è più difficile seguire le tracce della strada. Di notte, le persone sono attratte dalle luci di Mentone sotto di loro. Puntano verso il basso rischiando di scivolare nel precipizio. “È un sentiero che hanno utilizzato gli ebrei che scappavano in Francia, gli ustascia che scappavano dall’ex Jugoslavia negli anni 50. Oggi lo percorrono i migranti correndo gli stessi rischi di sempre” spiega Barnabà che su quel sentiero e sui “ricorsi” storici ha pubblicato un libro dal titolo “Il Passo della Morte” pubblicato per Infinito edizioni. Un confine, quello tra Italia e Francia, che resta mortale.

    Il primo febbraio è stato trovato il corpo carbonizzato di un migrante sopra il pantografo di un treno diretto da Ventimiglia a Mentone. Una notizia arrivata poche ore dopo quella dell’identificazione di Ullah Rezwan Sheyzad, un giovane afghano di 15 anni trovato morto lungo i binari della linea ferroviaria di Salbertrand, in alta Valle di Susa, lo scorso 26 gennaio mentre tentava di raggiungere la Francia attraverso la rotta alpina.

    Aboubakar è stato respinto insieme a Bashir nonostante i suoi sedici anni: sul foglio di respingimento la polizia ha indicato la maggiore età. Le persone rintracciate vengono prima accompagnate nella sede della polizia francese, prima del confine del ponte San Luigi e successivamente riconsegnate, un centinaio di metri più in su percorrendo la strada in direzione Ventimiglia, alle autorità italiane di fronte alla sede della polizia di frontiera. “Teoricamente la procedura di rifiuto di ingresso implicherebbe un esame individuale delle persone e la garanzia del rispetto di certi diritti per le persone fermate -spiega Emilie Pesselier, coordinatrice del progetto sulle frontiere interne francesi dell’Association nationale d’assistance aux frontières pour les étrangers (anafè.org)-. Ma alla frontiera franco-italiana questo non succede: non c’è nessuna informazione legale sulla procedura e sui diritti, nessuna possibilità di contattare un avvocato o un parente, e nessuna possibilità di chiedere l’ingresso nel territorio in regime di asilo. Inoltre, le persone arrestate possono essere private della loro libertà in locali adiacenti alla stazione della polizia di frontiera francese senza alcun quadro giuridico o diritto e in condizioni di reclusione poco dignitose: ci sono solo panche di metallo attaccate alle pareti degli edifici modulari. E le persone restano rinchiuse in queste condizioni a volte per tutta la notte. Anche le persone vulnerabili”.

    Nel 2021 secondo i dati ottenuti da Altreconomia su un totale di 24.589 respingimenti la maggioranza dei respinti dalla Francia verso l’Italia proviene dalla Tunisia (3.815), seguiti dal Sudan (1.822) e dall’Afghanistan (1.769). Un aumento, nel totale, rispetto al 2019 (16.808) e al 2020 (21.654). Ormai da quasi sette anni -giugno 2015- la Francia mantiene i controlli ai confini interni per dichiarate “ragioni di sicurezza” nonostante il periodo massimo previsto dal codice Schengen sia di 24 mesi. L’eccezionalità diventa normalità con la “benedizione” delle istituzioni europee. “La Commissione non ha mai fermato queste procedure -spiega l’avvocata Anna Brambilla dell’Associazione per gli studi giuridici sull’immigrazione (asgi.it)- si è sempre limitata a ricordare agli Stati il rischio di progressivo svuotamento dello spazio di libera circolazione a causa del prolungato ripristino dei controlli alle frontiere interne e a suggerire misure alternative come i controlli di polizia. Oggi la Commissione torna a proporre di rafforzare la strategia degli accordi bilaterali di riammissione e di cooperazione di polizia”. È il “cambiamento di paradigma” nella cooperazione con i Paesi terzi (e non) previsto dal Patto sulla migrazione e l’asilo presentato nel settembre 2020 al Parlamento europeo: procedure di riammissione più semplici e senza garanzie in termini di rispetto dei diritti. “Da un rischio di svuotamento di significato di alcune disposizioni si passa al consolidamento di prassi illegittime al punto che si modifica il testo normativo per farle diventare legittime”.

    Questi “accordi” hanno così effetti devastanti sulle persone, costrette a tentare più e più volte di attraversare ma anche su Ventimiglia. “È una città che non si è mai adattata a quello che è il transito delle persone affrontando la migrazione sempre come fenomeno emergenziale -continua Garibaldi, dal 2017 operatrice legale al confine-. Si pensa che l’unico modo di gestire la situazione sia aumentare le forze dell’ordine ma i risultati sono evidenti”. Le persone vivono per strada. Adulti, giovani, donne e bambini. La Caritas prova a sistemare le famiglie in transito negli appartamenti ma non sempre ci riesce. “La notte è il momento più complesso -spiega Christian Papini, il direttore della Caritas Intermelia-. Devi fare attenzione perché ti possono rubare la tenda, picchiare. Questa ‘paura’ si ripete ogni giorno. Non avere una rete che ti protegge, nessuna nicchia sicura porta a complicanze, spesso vulnerabilità psichiatrica. Le persone cominciano ad abusare di sostanze psicotrope e alcol e la tensione in città non può che aumentare”. La difficoltà nell’attraversare la frontiera rende tutto più complesso. “Chi non riesce a passare e resta ‘bloccato’ in un imbuto, che è Ventimiglia, inizia a vivere per strada e facilmente inizia a delinquere e magari a fare il passeur. Perché non ha alternative” conclude Garibaldi.

    In questo modo, spesso le tensioni si realizzano tra i passeur che hanno promesso “false” soluzioni alle persone che vengono respinte. La Caritas nel mese di agosto 2021 ha registrato 180 interventi di ambulatorio medico legati a ferite da taglio o contusione. Piccoli “regolamenti di conti” in un contesto paradossale in cui i controlli portano ad aumentare le attività illecite. Se si considera che nel 2021 i respinti dalla Francia all’Italia sono stati 25mila e la “tassa” per conoscere anche solo il sentiero da percorrere è di 50 euro mentre il passaggio in macchina, come detto, arriva a costare fino a 300 euro a persona si capisce l’entità di un’economia sommersa ma visibile a tutti in una città militarizzata. “Le istituzioni non ci sono. Ora si parla di aprire un centro, lontano dalla città e su un’area che è a rischio dissesto idrogeologico. È tutto detto e la situazione è sempre più difficile nonostante i numeri dei transiti siano in calo” racconta Papini che lavora a Ventimiglia dal 2001. Si è passato da circa 800 persone al giorno nel 2016, alle 200 di oggi. “Ma chi arrivava all’inizio, sette anni fa, aveva speranza di passare. Oggi non è più così. Le persone sanno che dovranno tentare tante volte e sono esauste. Giusto ieri è arrivata una famiglia con due figli in carrozzina. Tutto questo è disumano”.

    https://altreconomia.it/al-confine-di-ventimiglia-dove-i-controlli-rendono-i-passeur-lultima-sp

    #renvois #push-backs #refoulements #frontière_sud-alpine #asile #migrations #réfugiés #frontières #statistiques #chiffres #2021 #Italie #France #Vintimille #2019 #2020

  • Libya ’abandoning migrants without water’ in deserts

    Libya is forcing people across its land borders into ’no man’s land’ remote stretches of deserts without water, according to a UN rights expert.

    “They appear linked to efforts to strengthen Libya’s external border enforcement so as to prevent migrants from eventually arriving to Europe,” said Benjamin Lewis from the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights on Thursday (27 January).

    Speaking to MEPs in the sub-committee on human rights, Lewis said the expulsions are being carried out by the Libyan department for combating illegal migration, also known as the DCIM.

    It also runs a slew of detention centres rife with abuse amid documented reports of rape, killings and enforced disappearances.

    “According to one Libyan official, DCIM is now and I quote, ’deporting more people faster than ever before,’” said Lewis.

    The official DCIM figures indicate 7,500 have been expelled from Libya’s external land borders in 2019 and 2020, many from the city of al-Kufra in southeastern Libya and into Chad and Sudan.

    But Lewis says the true numbers are much higher, noting many include children and women entitled to protection under international law.

    Some have simply been left abandoned, while others have been abducted and re-trafficked into Libya as victims of sexual violence, he said.

    “We also took note of an increased presence of border brigades or, quote ’desert patrol units.’ These are operating along Libya’s land borders, particularly in the west of the country, near Algeria and Tunisia,” he said.

    Lewis said questions abound to what extent the EU delivery of vehicles, equipment and other tech to the DCIM and interior ministry may have been used to expel the people.

    Two years ago, the commission delivered 30 off-road vehicles to Libya’s ministry of interior to help with border management.

    Armed militia units are known to operate within the ministry as well as in the ministry of defence. The commission had also in the past met with Libyan Coast Guard commanders in Brussels to discuss needs.

    It has delivered buses, ambulances and boats to the guard , which last year intercepted and returned some 32,000 people at sea.

    Some of those are being aggressively intercepted in Malta’s search and rescue zone, as witnessed by EUobserver last summer.

    The past month alone has seen an additional 6,000 interceptions, according to the International Organization for Migration.

    Around 12,000 migrants are currently imprisoned in 27 Libyan detention centres, posing questions on the fate of the thousands of others.

    Suki Nagra, a director at the UN mission in Libya, said many languish in secret or illegal detention facilities operated by armed groups.

    “Overall, there’s been little to no accountability for these crimes,” she said, also speaking to the MEPs.

    For its part, the European Union defended its role in Libya.

    “We want to change the whole system to seek alternatives for detention,” said Jose Antonio Sabadell, the EU’s ambassador designated to Libya.

    He noted that for the first time ever a camp for women and children in Libya will be guarded by female staff, “which will at least avoid some of the abuses.”

    He also pointed out that more than 65,000 people have been either taken back voluntarily to their countries of origin or to a safe place from Libya over the past five years.

    “I think it’s a very significant number,” he told MEPs.

    https://euobserver.com/migration/154222
    #Libye #asile #migrations #réfugiés #abandon #expulsions #renvois #déportation
    –-
    ajouté à la métaliste sur les « #left-to-die in the Sahara desert »
    https://seenthis.net/messages/796051

  • Le #Nigeria vide les camps de déplacés de #Maiduguri

    Ces réfugiés avaient fui les exactions de #Boko_Haram, mais le gouverneur de l’Etat de #Borno les presse aujourd’hui de revenir sur leurs terres, malgré le risque humanitaire et la présence du groupe #Etat_islamique en Afrique de l’Ouest.

    Un silence de plomb est tombé sur le camp de déplacés de #Bakassi. Il ne reste presque rien de ce gros village de fortune qui abritait, il y a encore quelques semaines, plus de 41 800 déplacés, à la sortie de la grande ville de Maiduguri, chef-lieu de l’Etat de Borno, dans le nord-est du Nigeria. Les tentes et les abris de tôle ont disparu, la clinique a fermé ses portes et les enclos de terre se sont vidés de leurs bêtes.

    Pendant sept ans, des dizaines de communautés fuyant les exactions des djihadistes de Boko Haram se sont réfugiées sur ce terrain, initialement occupé par des logements de fonction, aujourd’hui à l’abandon. Mais, le 19 novembre, les déplacés de Bakassi ont été réveillés au beau milieu de la nuit par une délégation officielle, venue leur annoncer qu’ils avaient onze jours pour plier bagage et reprendre le chemin de leurs champs.

    Dans les heures qui ont suivi, #Babagana_Zulum, le gouverneur de l’Etat de Borno, a supervisé en personne l’attribution d’une #aide_alimentaire et financière à chaque chef de famille présent : 100 000 nairas (215 euros) ont été versés pour les hommes et 50 000 nairas (107 euros) pour les femmes, ainsi qu’un sac de riz de 25 kilos, un carton de nouilles et cinq litres d’huile de friture. Une aide censée leur permettre de tenir trois mois, le temps de reprendre la culture de leurs terres ou de trouver un autre lieu de vie, à Maiduguri ou à proximité de leur terre d’origine.

    Le #plan_de_développement établi par les autorités indique qu’au moins 50 % des déplacés de l’Etat de Borno devront avoir quitté les camps d’ici à l’année prochaine et que tous les camps de l’Etat devront avoir fermé leurs portes d’ici à 2026. Pour l’heure, le gouverneur a ordonné la fermeture des #camps_officiels situés autour de la ville de Maiduguri, afin de pousser les populations vers l’#autonomie_alimentaire. Quatre camps, abritant environ 86 000 personnes, ont déjà fermé ; cinq autres, accueillant plus de 140 000 personnes, doivent suivre.

    Abus subis par les réfugiés

    Le gouvernement local, qui assure qu’il « ne déplace personne de force », a justifié sa décision en pointant notamment les #abus que les réfugiés subissent dans ces espaces surpeuplés, où ils sont victimes de #violences_sexuelles et à la merci des détournements de l’aide alimentaire d’urgence. Mais les moyens déployés pour vider les camps ne sont pas à la hauteur des besoins.

    « Pendant la distribution de l’aide au départ, les autorités ont demandé à tous les hommes célibataires de s’éloigner. Beaucoup de gens de mon âge n’ont rien reçu du tout », assure Dahirou Moussa Mohammed. Ce paysan de 25 ans a passé un peu plus d’un an dans le camp après avoir fui les territoires occupés par Boko Haram, où il dit avoir été emmené de force après l’invasion de son village par les djihadistes en 2014.

    Depuis que Bakassi a fermé ses portes, Dahirou s’est installé sur une dalle de béton nu, à quelques mètres seulement du mur d’enceinte désormais surveillé par des gardes armés. « Nous avons récupéré la toile de nos tentes, les structures en bois et les tôles de la toiture, et nous les avons déplacées ici », explique le jeune homme.

    Dans un communiqué publié le 21 décembre, l’organisation Human Rights Watch regrette le manque « de consultations pour préparer les déplacés à rentrer chez eux ou pour les informer des alternatives possibles » et rappelle qu’on ignore tout du sort de 90 % des personnes ayant quitté Bakassi fin novembre. « Les déplacements multiples risquent d’accroître les besoins dans des zones où la présence humanitaire est déjà limitée. Cela est particulièrement préoccupant, compte tenu des indicateurs d’#insécurité_alimentaire dans la région », note, de son côté, la coalition d’ONG internationales Forum Nigeria.

    2,4 millions de personnes menacées par la #faim

    Selon un rapport des Nations unies datant du mois d’octobre, 2,4 millions de personnes sont menacées par la faim dans le Borno, ravagé par douze années de conflit. L’inquiétude des ONG est encore montée d’un cran avec la publication d’une lettre officielle datée du 6 décembre, interdisant expressément les #distributions_alimentaires dans les communautés récemment réinstallées.

    « La création délibérée de besoins par les humanitaires ne sera pas acceptée. (…) Laissons les gens renforcer leur #résilience », a insisté le gouverneur lors d’une réunion à huis clos avec les ONG, le 21 décembre. Il les accuse de rendre les populations dépendantes de l’#aide_humanitaire sans leur proposer de solutions de développement à long terme, afin de continuer à profiter de la crise.

    Même si le projet de fermeture des camps de Maiduguri a été évoqué à de multiples reprises par les dirigeants du Borno ces dernières années, la mise à exécution de ce plan par le gouverneur Babagana Zulum a surpris tout le monde. « Les gens ont besoin de retrouver leurs terres et on comprend bien ça, sauf que le processus actuel est extrêmement discutable », s’alarme la responsable d’une ONG internationale, qui préfère garder l’anonymat étant donné le climat de défiance qui règne actuellement dans le Borno. « On ne sait même pas comment ils vont rentrer chez eux, vu la dangerosité du voyage, et nous n’avons aucun moyen de les accompagner », regrette-t-elle.

    « Il faut que le gouvernement local reconnaisse que la situation sécuritaire ne permet pas ces retours, pour l’instant. Dans le contexte actuel, j’ai bien peur que les déplacés ne soient poussés dans les bras des insurgés », appuie un humanitaire nigérian qui travaille pour une autre organisation internationale.

    C’est par crainte des violences que Binetou Moussa a choisi de ne pas prendre le chemin du retour. « Ceux qui ont tenté de rejoindre notre village d’Agapalawa ont vite abandonné. Il n’y a plus rien là-bas et il paraît qu’on entend chaque jour des coups de feu dans la brousse. Je ne veux plus jamais revivre ça ! », justifie la vieille femme, qui garde en elle le souvenir terrifiant de sa longue fuite à pied jusqu’à Maiduguri, il y a sept ans.

    Faute d’avoir pu rejoindre leur village, beaucoup de déplacés de Bakassi ont finalement échoué à #Pulka ou #Gwoza, à plus de 100 kilomètres au sud-est de la capitale régionale. « Ils dorment dehors, sur le marché, et ils n’ont même plus assez d’argent pour revenir ici ! », gronde Binetou, en tordant ses mains décharnées. Dans ces villes secondaires sécurisées par l’armée, la menace d’une attaque demeure omniprésente au-delà des tranchées creusées à la pelleteuse pour prévenir l’intrusion de djihadistes. Une situation qui limite les perspectives agricoles des rapatriés.

    Attaques probables

    Le groupe Etat islamique en Afrique de l’Ouest (Iswap) est effectivement actif dans certaines zones de réinstallation. « L’armée contrôle bien les villes secondaires à travers tout le Borno, mais ils ne tiennent pas pour autant les campagnes, souligne Vincent Foucher, chercheur au CNRS. L’Iswap fait un travail de fond [dans certaines zones rurales] avec des patrouilles pour prélever des taxes, contrôler les gens et même rendre la justice au sein des communautés. »

    Et bien que l’organisation Etat islamique se montre plus pacifique dans ses rapports aux civils que ne l’était Abubakar Shekau – le chef historique de Boko Haram, disparu en mai 2021 au cours d’affrontements entre factions djihadistes rivales –, les risques encourus par les populations non affiliées sont bien réels. « Si on renvoie des gens dans les villes secondaires, l’#Iswap pourrait bien les attaquer », prévient Vincent Foucher. Sans oublier les civils « partis travailler dans les territoires contrôlés par l’Iswap et qui ont été victimes des bombardements de l’armée ».

    Dans un rapport publié le 15 décembre, Amnesty International évoque les attaques qui ont ciblé des personnes rapatriées au cours de l’année 2021 à Agiri, New Marte et Shuwari. L’ONG ajoute que « certains ont été forcés [par les militaires] à rester dans les zones de réinstallation, malgré l’escalade de la violence ». D’un point de vue politique, la fermeture des camps serait un moyen de reconquérir des territoires et même de tenter de mettre un point final à un conflit de douze années. Même si cela revient, selon les termes de Vincent Foucher, à « laisser des gens avec peu de mobilité, encerclés par les djihadistes et forcés de cohabiter avec une armée sous pression ».

    https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2021/12/30/au-nigeria-la-fermeture-des-camps-de-deplaces-jette-des-milliers-de-personne

    #réfugiés #déplacés_internes #migrations #camps_de_réfugiés #fermeture #renvois #retour_au_pays (tag que j’utilise pour les réfugiés et pas les déplacés internes, en général, mais ça permettra de retrouver l’article, si besoin)

  • Le #Danemark veut envoyer 300 #détenus_étrangers au #Kosovo
    (... encore le Danemark...)

    La ministre kosovare de la justice a confirmé jeudi l’accord qui prévoit de confier à une prison de son pays des prisonniers étrangers, condamnés au Danemark et susceptibles d’être expulsés après avoir purgé leur peine.

    Le Danemark a franchi, mercredi 15 décembre, une nouvelle étape dans sa gestion des étrangers. Le ministre de la justice, Nick Haekkerup, a annoncé que le pays nordique prévoit de louer 300 places de prison au Kosovo, pour y interner les citoyens étrangers, condamnés au Danemark, et qui doivent être expulsés vers leur pays d’origine après avoir purgé leur peine. Le 3 juin déjà, le gouvernement dirigé par les sociaux-démocrates, avait fait adopter une loi lui permettant de sous-traiter l’accueil des demandeurs d’asile et des réfugiés à un pays tiers.

    L’accord sur les détenus étrangers a été confirmé, jeudi 16 décembre, par la ministre kosovare de la justice, Albulena Haxhiu. Il s’agit d’une première pour ce petit et très pauvre pays des Balkans, dirigé depuis le début de 2021 par le parti de gauche nationaliste Autodétermination !, proche du parti socialiste européen, et qui rêve d’adhésion à l’Union européenne.

    Une lettre d’intention entre les deux gouvernements devrait être signée, lundi 20 décembre, à Pristina. Un traité sera ensuite soumis à l’approbation des deux tiers du Parlement. Mme Haxhiu a révélé que les prisonniers danois seraient enfermés dans le centre de détention de Gjilan, à l’est du pays, et assuré qu’il n’y aurait pas de terroristes, ni de prisonniers à « à haut risque » parmi eux. Selon elle, ce projet d’externalisation « est la reconnaissance du Kosovo et de ses institutions comme un pays sérieux ».
    « Une prison danoise dans un autre pays »

    A Copenhague, le ministre de la justice a fait savoir que les négociations avec Pristina avaient débuté il y a un an. Le dispositif a été présenté dans le cadre d’un accord entre les sociaux-démocrates, les conservateurs, le Parti du peuple danois et le Parti socialiste du peuple, pour réformer le système pénitentiaire. L’objectif est d’augmenter la capacité des prisons danoises pour pouvoir accueillir un millier de détenus supplémentaires.

    Parallèlement à l’ouverture de nouvelles cellules dans les établissements existant, le gouvernement compte donc libérer 300 places en se débarrassant des détenus d’origine étrangère, condamnés à l’expulsion une fois leur peine purgée. Ils étaient 368 en 2020. « Il faut s’imaginer que c’est une prison danoise. Elle se situe juste dans un autre pays », a expliqué M. Haekkerup, précisant que l’équipe dirigeant le centre de Gjilan serait danoise.

    A Pristina, Mme Haxhiu a confirmé : « Les lois en vigueur au Danemark s’appliqueront, la gestion sera danoise, mais les agents pénitentiaires seront de la République du Kosovo. Le bien-être et la sécurité [des détenus] seront sous leur entière responsabilité. »

    Avec ce dispositif, le gouvernement danois veut « envoyer un signal clair que les étrangers condamnés à l’expulsion doivent quitter le Danemark ». Au ministère de la justice, on précise toutefois que si les détenus, une fois leur peine purgée, refusent d’être expulsés dans leur pays d’origine et que Copenhague ne peut les y forcer faute d’accord avec ces pays, alors ils seront renvoyés au Danemark, pour être placés en centre de rétention.

    En échange de ses services, le Kosovo devrait obtenir 210 millions d’euros sur dix ans : « Cette compensation bénéficiera grandement aux institutions judiciaires, ainsi qu’au Service correctionnel du Kosovo, ce qui augmentera la qualité et l’infrastructure globale de ce service », a salué le gouvernement dans un communiqué. Le Danemark, de son côté, a indiqué qu’il allait aussi verser une aide de 6 millions d’euros par an au petit pays, au titre de la transition écologique.
    De nombreux problèmes juridiques

    Comme pour l’externalisation de l’asile, ce projet pose de nombreux problèmes juridiques. Le gouvernement danois a précisé que les détenus ayant une famille seraient les derniers envoyés au Kosovo, car ils doivent pouvoir « avoir des contacts avec leurs enfants ». Une aide financière au transport sera mise en place pour les proches.

    Directrice de l’Institut des droits de l’homme à Copenhague, Louise Holck parle d’une « décision controversée du point de vue des droits de l’homme », car le Danemark, rappelle-t-elle, « ne peut pas exporter ses responsabilités légales » et devra faire en sorte que les droits des prisonniers soient respectés. Professeure de droit à l’université du sud Danemark, Linda Kjær Minke estime qu’il faudra modifier la loi, ne serait-ce que « pour imposer un transfert aux détenus qui refuseraient ».

    Entre 2015 et 2018, la Norvège avait sous-traité l’emprisonnement de prisonniers aux Pays-Bas. Dans un rapport publié en 2016, le médiateur de la justice avait constaté que les autorités norvégiennes « n’avaient pas réussi à garantir une protection adéquate contre la torture et les traitements inhumains ou dégradants ». Jamais aucun pays européen n’a transféré des prisonniers aussi loin (plus de 2 000 km), et le Danemark devrait faire face aux mêmes problèmes que la Norvège, estime Linda Kjær Minke :« Même si la direction est danoise, les employés auront été formés différemment, avec peut-être d’autres façons d’utiliser la force. »

    Ces mises en garde ne semblent pas affecter le gouvernement danois, qui multiplie les décisions très critiquées, comme celle de retirer leur titre de séjour aux réfugiés syriens. Le but est de décourager au maximum les demandeurs d’asile de rejoindre le pays. La gauche et les associations d’aide aux migrants dénoncent une « politique des symboles ».

    https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2021/12/16/le-danemark-veut-envoyer-300-detenus-etrangers-au-kosovo_6106356_3210.html#x

    #asile #migrations #réfugiés #externalisation #pays-tiers #rétention #détention_administrative #détention #étrangers_criminels #criminels_étrangers #expulsion #renvoi #accord #Gjilan #prison #emprisonnement #compensation_financière #aide_financière #transition_écologique #étrangers

    ping @karine4 @isskein

    • Danimarca-Kosovo: detenuti in cambio di soldi per tutela ambientale

      Da Pristina e Copenhagen arriva una notizia sconcertante. Il ministro della Giustizia del Kosovo Albulena Haxhiu ha annunciato che a breve arriveranno nel paese 300 detenuti, attualmente nelle carceri danesi e cittadini di paesi non UE, per scontare la loro pena in Kosovo. In cambio Pristina otterrà 210 milioni di euro di finanziamenti a favore dell’energia verde.

      L’accordo fa parte di una serie di misure annunciate in settimana dalle autorità danesi per alleviare il sistema carcerario del paese per far fronte ad anni di esodo del personale e al più alto numero di detenuti dagli anni ’50.

      I detenuti dovrebbero scontare le loro pene in un penitenziario di Gjilan. “I detenuti che saranno trasferiti in questo istituto non saranno ad alto rischio", ha chiarito Haxhiu in una dichiarazione.

      L’accordo deve passare ora dall’approvazione del parlamento di Pristina.

      In molti, in Danimarca e all’estero, si sono detti preoccupati per la salvaguardia dei diritti dei detenuti. Un rapporto del 2020 del Dipartimento di Stato americano ha evidenziato i problemi nelle prigioni e nei centri di detenzione del Kosovo, tra cui violenza tra i prigionieri, corruzione, esposizione a opinioni religiose o politiche radicali, mancanza di cure mediche e a volte violenza da parte del personale.

      Perplessità rimandate al mittente dal ministro della Giustizia danese Nick Hekkerup che si è dichiarato convinto che l’invio di detenuti in Kosovo sarà in linea con le norme a salvaguardia dei diritti umani a livello internazionale. «I detenuti deportati potranno ancora ricevere visite, anche se, naturalmente, sarà difficile», ha chiosato.

      https://www.balcanicaucaso.org/aree/Kosovo/Danimarca-Kosovo-detenuti-in-cambio-di-soldi-per-tutela-ambientale

    • Le Kosovo prêt à louer ses prisons au Danemark

      Le Kosovo veut louer 300 cellules de prison pendant dix ans au Danemark, en échange de 210 millions d’euros. Le pays scandinave prévoit d’y « délocaliser » des détenus étrangers avant leur potentielle expulsion définitive dans leur pays d’origine. Un projet qui piétine les libertés fondamentales.

      Le Kosovo s’apprête à signer lundi 20 décembre un accord de principe avec le Danemark pour lui louer 300 cellules de prison. Le Danemark prévoit donc de déporter à plus de 2000 km de ses frontières 300 détenus étrangers qui viendront purger la fin de leur peine au Kosovo avant d’être expulsés vers leur pays d’origine, si les procédures d’extradition le permettent. Mais ce n’est pas encore fait : une fois l’accord signé, il devra encore être ratifié par les parlements respectifs des deux pays, à la majorité des deux tiers.

      Montant de la rente de cette « location » : 210 millions d’euros pour Pristina. L’argent « sera consacré aux investissements, notamment dans les énergies renouvelables », a précisé Albulena Haxhiu, la ministre de la Justice du Kosovo, qui a tenté de déminer le terrain. « Ce ne seront pas des détenus à haut risque ou des condamnés pour terrorisme, ni des cas psychiatriques. Les institutions judiciaires bénéficieront de la compensation financière, cela aidera à améliorer la qualité et les infrastructures du Service correctionnel. »

      « Il faut s’imaginer que cela sera une prison danoise. Elle sera juste dans un autre pays », a expliqué de son côté son homologue danois, Nick Haekkerup. Mais pourquoi l’un des plus riches pays européens aurait-il besoin d’« externaliser » la prise en charge de ses détenus ? Le Danemark dit avoir besoin de 1000 places de prison supplémentaires. Pour cela, il va créer de nouvelles cellules dans les prisons existantes, et en libérer d’autres en se débarrassant de détenus étrangers. Il s’agit surtout d’envoyer un message de fermeté aux réfugiés qui souhaitent rejoindre le pays scandinave.

      Les Danois ont commencé à préparer le terrain en octobre 2020, avec une visite du système carcéral kosovar. Ils ont « évalué positivement le traitement de nos prisonniers et nos capacités », s’était alors félicité le ministère de la Justice du Kosovo. Les 300 détenus resteront soumis aux lois danoises, mais les gardiens de prison seront bien kosovars. Ce projet d’externalisation carcérale est « la reconnaissance du Kosovo comme un pays sérieux », s’est félicitée Albulena Haxhiu.

      “Le Kosovo se transforme en un lieu de détention pour les migrants indésirables. Pour un peu d’argent, notre gouvernement renforce le sentiment anti-réfugiés qui s’accroit en Europe.”

      Mais pour le Conseil de la défense des droits de l’homme (KMLDNJ), qui surveille les conditions de détention dans les prisons kosovares, cet accord « légalise la discrimination des détenus ». « Tout d’abord, vendre sa souveraineté à un autre État pour dix ans et 210 millions d’euros est un acte de violation de cette souveraineté. De plus, les conditions et le traitement de ces détenus qui viendront du Danemark seront incomparablement meilleurs des autres 1600 à 1800 détenus du Kosovo », estime l’ONG. « Les propriétés de l’État ne doivent pas être traitées comme des infrastructures privées à louer », ajoute Besa Kabashi-Ramaj, experte en questions sécuritaires.

      Cet accord a en effet surpris beaucoup d’observateurs locaux et internationaux, et ce d’autant plus que le Kosovo est actuellement gouverné par le parti de gauche souverainiste Vetëvendosje. « Le Kosovo se transforme en un lieu de détention pour les migrants indésirables. Pour un peu d’argent, notre gouvernement renforce le sentiment anti-réfugiés qui s’accroît en Europe », déplore Visar Ymeri, directeur de l’Institut pour les politiques sociales Musine Kokalari. « Aussi, quand la ministre de la Justice affirme que le Kosovo a assez de prisons mais pas assez de prisonniers, elle participe à une politique de remplacement du besoin de justice par un besoin d’emprisonnement. »

      Selon le Rapport mondial des prisons, établi par l’Université de Londres, le Kosovo avait 1642 détenus en 2020, soit un taux d’occupation de 97%. Le ministère de la Justice du Kosovo n’a, semble-t-il, pas la même façon de calculer l’espace carcéral : « Nous avons actuellement 700-800 places libres. Vu qu’au maximum nous aurons 300 détenus du Danemark, il restera encore des places libres », a même fait savoir Alban Muriqi, du ministère de la Justice.

      Le Kosovo a onze centre de détention : cinq centres de détention provisoire, une prison haute sécurité, une prison pour femmes, un centre d’éducation pour les mineurs et trois autres prisons. C’est au centre de détention à #Gjilan / #Gnjilane, dans l’est du Kosovo, que seraient louées les cellules au Danemark.

      https://www.courrierdesbalkans.fr/Kosovo-Prisonniers-Danemark

    • La Danimarca e le prigioni off-shore

      Sono immigrati incarcerati in Danimarca. Dal 2023 rischiano di scontare la propria pena in un peniteniario di Gjilian, in Kosovo. Un approfondimento sullo sconcertante accordo del dicembre scorso tra Copenhagen e Pristina

      Sebbene Danimarca e Kosovo abbiano avuto poco a che fare l’uno con l’altro, alla fine di dicembre si sono ritrovati insieme nei titoli dei giornali di tutto il mondo. Ad attirare l’attenzione della Danimarca sono state le quasi 800 celle vuote del Kosovo. I titoli dei giornali erano di questo tipo: «La Danimarca spedisce i propri prigionieri in Kosovo».

      Ci si riferiva ad un accordo firmato il 21 dicembre 2021 per inviare - in un centro di detenzione nei pressi di Gjilan, 50 chilometri a sud-est di Pristina - 300 persone incarcerate in Danimarca. Le autorità danesi hanno specificato che i 300 detenuti saranno esclusivamente cittadini di paesi terzi destinati ad essere deportati dalla Danimarca alla fine della loro pena.

      In cambio, il Kosovo dovrebbe ricevere 200 milioni di euro, suddivisi su di un periodo di 10 anni. I fondi sono stati vincolati a progetti nel campo dell’energia verde e delle riforme dello stato di diritto. Il ministro della Giustizia del Kosovo Albulena Haxhiu ha definito questi investimenti «fondamentali» e il ministro della Giustizia danese Nick Hækkerup ha affermato che «entrambi i paesi con questo accordo avranno dei vantaggi».

      L’idea di gestire una colonia penale per conto di un paese dell’UE ha messo molti kosovari a disagio, e nonostante la fiducia espressa dal governo danese, l’accordo ha ricevuto pesanti critiche anche in Danimarca. Ma cosa sta succedendo alla Danimarca e al suo sistema carcerario da spingerla a spedire i propri detenuti in uno dei paesi più poveri d’Europa?
      Problemi in paradiso?

      La Danimarca e i suoi vicini nordici sono rinomati per l’alta qualità della vita, gli eccellenti sistemi educativi e le generose disposizioni di assistenza sociale. Di conseguenza, può sorprendere che il sistema carcerario danese abbia qualche cosa che non va.

      Secondo Peter Vedel Kessing, ricercatore dell’Istituto Danese per i Diritti Umani (DIHR), non c’è da stupirsi, il sistema carcerario infatti «non è una priorità in molti stati. Tendono a non dare la priorità alla costruzione di prigioni. Vogliono spendere i soldi per qualcos’altro». E in Danimarca “hanno prigioni molto vecchie".

      Alla fine del 2020 il servizio danese per i penitenziari e la libertà vigilata (Kriminalforsogen) ha riferito che il sistema carcerario aveva la capacità di contenere 4.073 prigionieri. In media, c’erano però 4.085 detenuti ad occupare le celle nel 2020, facendole risultare leggermente sovraffollate.

      Un rapporto del gennaio 2020 dell’Annual Penal Statistics (SPACE) del Consiglio d’Europa sottolinea che la Danimarca aveva 4.140 detenuti mentre possedeva capacità per 4.035. I funzionari penitenziari hanno trovato lo spazio in più riducendo le aree comuni e dedicate ai servizi di base. Secondo un rapporto DIHR del novembre 2021, «diverse prigioni hanno chiuso sale comuni o aule per avere un numero sufficiente di celle». Il rapporto menziona anche la trasformazione di palestre, sale per le visite e uffici in celle di prigione.

      In Danimarca, ogni detenuto dovrebbe avere una cella propria. Ma nelle prigioni come quella di Nykøbing, una città a 130 chilometri a sud di Copenaghen, ci sono ora due detenuti per cella, secondo un rapporto del “Danish Prison and Probation Service”.

      Il rapporto includeva una previsione per il 2022: si aspettano di superare del 7,9% i posti a disposizione. Sia il Kriminalforsogen che l’importante media danese Jyllands Posten hanno stimato una possibile carenza di 1.000 posti entro il 2025, se non si trovano soluzioni strutturali.

      Ora, invece di erodere ulteriormente gli spazi comuni, si pensa di inviare i detenuti a 2000 chilometri di distanza. Tra le molte cose, sono stati tanti i danesi a far notare che l’accordo viola i diritti di visita dei detenuti: diventerà molto più difficile per le famiglie e gli amici dei detenuti presentarsi all’orario di visita nel Kosovo orientale.

      «Se improvvisamente ti trovi a dover andare in Kosovo per trovare tuo padre… non sarà possibile per la stragrande maggioranza delle famiglie dei detenuti. Ad esempio, un bambino di 3 anni, non è che può andare in Kosovo quando vuole e, naturalmente, il detenuto non potrà venire a trovare il bambino», sottolinea Mette Grith Stage, un avvocato che rappresenta molti imputati che si battono contro la deportazione, al quotidiano danese Politiken. «Questo significa di fatto che i deportati perdono il contatto con la loro famiglia».

      Per coprire la spesa prevista di 200 milioni di euro in un decennio, il governo danese ha recentemente annunciato che intende aumentare le tasse sulla tv. L’annuncio ha causato reazioni amare. In un’udienza parlamentare all’inizio di febbraio, il direttore delle comunicazioni dell’organizzazione Danish Media Distributors, Ib Konrad Jensen, ha dichiarato: «È un’ottima idea scrivere in fondo alla bolletta [della televisione]: ’Ecco il vostro pagamento al servizio carcerario del Kosovo’».
      Aiuto!

      Non solo c’è una carenza di spazio nel sistema penale, ma la Danimarca ha anche difficoltà nell’assumere abbastanza guardie carcerarie ed è da questo punto di vista gravemente sotto organico negli ultimi anni.

      Un rapporto del 2020 del Consiglio d’Europa mostra che l’Albania ha una proporzione di guardie carcerarie per prigionieri più alta della Danimarca. Il confronto è stato portato alla luce dai media danesi per cercare di enfatizzare la scarsa qualità delle prigioni danesi: guarda come siamo messi male, anche l’Albania sta facendo meglio di noi.

      I funzionari penitenziari si sono opposti a questo tipo di parallelismo. «L’Albania è certamente un paese eccellente», ha dichiarato Bo Yde Sørensen, presidente della Federazione delle prigioni danesi, in un articolo del quotidiano Berlingske, «ma di solito non è uno con il quale paragoniamo le nostre istituzioni sociali vitali».

      Anche altri media danesi hanno fatto paragoni denigratori con i paesi balcanici per evidenziare i problemi del proprio sistema carcerario. Nel penitenziario di Nyborg, situato sull’isola di Funen, la testata danese V2 ha riferito che la qualità del lavoro è più scadente di quella della Bulgaria, affermando che «in media, un agente penitenziario nella prigione di Nyborg gestisce 2,8 detenuti», mentre «in confronto, la media è 2,4 in una prigione media in Bulgaria».

      La diffusa scarsa opinione tra i media danesi delle condizioni dei penitenziari nei Balcani mette chiaramente in discussione le assicurazioni che il governo danese ha dato nel garantire che i propri prigionieri a Gjilan troveranno le condizioni a cui hanno diritto per la legge danese.

      Ma come è chiaro, anche in Danimarca il sistema penitenziario ha problemi a rispettare queste stesse condizioni. Nel penitenziario di Vestre, a Copenhagen, i detenuti sono chiusi nelle loro celle durante la notte perché non ci sono abbastanza guardie per sorvegliarli durante la guardia notturna. I detenuti in Danimarca avrebbero diritto al contrario di avere un alto grado di libertà di movimento all’interno della struttura carceraria, anche durante la notte.

      «Non è un segreto che il servizio penitenziario e di libertà vigilata danese si trova in una situazione molto difficile. Ci sono più detenuti e meno guardie carcerarie che mai, e questo crea sfide e mette molta pressione», afferma Sørensen in una intervista per Berlingske.

      Un comunicato stampa emesso dal Fængselsforbundet - servizio penitenziario danese - mostra i bisogno in termini chiari: «Prendiamo il 2015 come esempio. A quel tempo c’erano 2.500 agenti per 3.400 prigionieri. Cioè 1,4 detenuti per agente. Ora il rapporto è di due a uno. Duemila agenti per 4.200 detenuti».

      In risposta ai problemi di personale, le prigioni danesi sono ricorse al chiudere a chiave le celle. «Il modo per evitare la violenza e per avere una migliore atmosfera nei penitenziari», commenta Kessing, ricercatore del DIHR, è quello di «creare relazioni tra l’istituzione penitenziaria, i detenuti e il personale della prigione». «Ma a causa della diminuzione del numero di guardie, non si ha più il tempo di sviluppare relazioni», chiosa.
      La risposta? Il Kosovo

      Per superare queste sfide, la Danimarca sembra aver preso esempio dalla vicina Norvegia, che ha affrontato problemi simili nel 2015. Quell’anno la Norvegia ha inviato 242 detenuti nei Paesi Bassi per risolvere i problemi di sovraccarico dei penitenziari. Ma nel 2018 il governo norvegese ha deciso di non rinnovare l’accordo di fronte a lamentele relative a riabilitazione e giurisdizione.

      Ora la Danimarca ha gettato gli occhi - come recinto per i propri detenuti - non sui Paesi Bassi ma su uno dei paesi più poveri d’Europa.

      «Il loro futuro non è in Danimarca, e quindi non dovrebbero nemmeno scontare la loro pena qui», ha dichiarato il ministro della Giustizia Nick Hækkerup, dando conferma di una crescente retorica anti-immigrazione in Danimarca.

      Quando i detenuti cominceranno ad arrivare a Gjilan nel 2023, la prigione sarà gestita dalle autorità danesi, causando una potenziale confusione su quale giurisdizione applicare: problema simile era sorto tra Norvegia e Paesi Bassi.

      Mette Grith Stage, come anche altri avvocati danesi, hanno espresso preoccupazione per questo accordo e si sono detti scettici sul fatto che le leggi penali danesi saranno applicate appieno nel sistema carcerario del Kosovo.

      In un’intervista con DR, l’emittente pubblica danese, il ministro della Giustizia Hækkerup ha però ribattuto: «Il penitenziario sarà gestito da una direzione danese che deve formare i dipendenti locali, per questo sono certo che le prigioni saranno all’altezza delle leggi e degli standard danesi. Deve essere visto come un pezzo del sistema carcerario danese che si sposta in Kosovo».

      Le dichiarazioni delle autorità danesi durante tutta la vicenda hanno spesso citato la loro «presenza significativa» in Kosovo. Tuttavia la Danimarca è l’unico paese scandinavo a non avere un’ambasciata a Pristina. L’ambasciata danese a Vienna, che supervisiona gli affari nei Balcani, ha esternalizzato il lavoro a uno studio legale nella capitale del Kosovo.

      A seguito degli obblighi NATO della Danimarca, un totale di 10.000 componenti delle proprie truppe hanno servito nella KFOR dal 1999 ad oggi. Attualmente sono 30 i militari danesi in Kosovo. Nel 2008 la Danimarca fu uno dei primi paesi a riconoscere l’indipendenza del Kosovo.

      Anche se le autorità danesi affermano di considerare il Kosovo alla pari, il semplice fatto che la Danimarca stia assumendo la gestione di una delle prigioni del Kosovo potrebbe legittimamente essere visto come una minaccia alla sovranità di quest’ultimo. Quando i prigionieri norvegesi vennero mandati nei Paesi Bassi, il penitenziario continuò ad essere sotto autorità olandese.

      Ma al di là delle preoccupazioni sulla giurisdizione, gli standard delle prigioni, i diritti di visita e i costi, ci sono questioni morali più grandi. Il popolo danese vuole veramente che a proprio nome vengano gestite strutture carcerarie offshore per i suoi immigrati incarcerati? E il popolo del Kosovo vuole essere una colonia penale dei paesi più ricchi? I governi della Danimarca e del Kosovo dicono di sì, ma cosa dice la gente?

      https://www.balcanicaucaso.org/aree/Kosovo/La-Danimarca-e-le-prigioni-off-shore-215757

  • Quand la “Remontada” d’Arnaud Montebourg dégringole en “Zemmourada” | Lignes de force
    https://lignesdeforce.wordpress.com/2021/11/07/quand-la-remontada-darnaud-montebourg-degringole-en-zemmour

    Quand la “Remontada” d’Arnaud Montebourg dégringole en “Zemmourada”

    Ou Le Grand Jury chaque dimanche sur RTL : un Spartouch la balle au centre.
    #fumisterie

  • Arrestation de Jawid, réfugié afghan, par les autorités vaudoises (#Suisse)

    Le canton de #Vaud continue de renvoyer des réfugié·es afghan·es !
    Jeudi matin 4 novembre, notre ami Jawid a été arrêté par la police vaudoise. Originaire d’Afghanistan, il a fui son pays de naissance en quête de protection en Europe. Il a d’abord atterri en #Suède, avant d’atteindre il y a une année la Suisse, pour y rejoindre sa sœur qui y vit. Mais voilà, qui dit Suède dit accords #Dublin, et les autorités ont décidé que c’est dans ce pays qu’il doit rester, alors même que la Suède n’accorde que très difficilement l’asile aux personnes afghanes.

    Nous ne savons à l’heure actuelle pas où est Jawid, s’il est déjà dans un avion pour la Suède ou encore emprisonné en Suisse.

    Ce que nous savons en revanche, c’est que les autorités vaudoises, en particulier Philippe Leuba, en charge de l’asile, ne reculent devant aucune hypocrisie dans la question des refugié·es afghan·es. Le 20 octobre 2021, Philippe Leuba se gargarisait dans la presse de son geste humanitaire en faveur de vingt cyclistes afghanes, exfiltrées et arrivées en Suisse pour obtenir l’asile. La préparation de l’arrestation de Jawid se faisait en parallèle.

    Comble de l’ironie, les député·es du Grand Conseil ont voté le 12 octobre 2021 une résolution (21_RES_14) demandant au Conseil d’Etat de soutenir les personnes réfugiées afghanes. Pour notre part, mardi 2 novembre, nous avons déposé une pétition munie de 823 signatures demandant aux autorités vaudoises de tout faire pour faciliter l’accueil des réfugié·es afghan·es, y compris de suspendre tous les renvois prévus. Mais apparemment le Conseil d’Etat et l’administration vaudoise restent de marbre.

    Nous sommes inquiètes pour Jawid, fragilisé par des années de procédures et de pression (comme il l’explique dans son témoignage en pièce jointe) et demandons la suspension immédiate de son renvoi, ou son retour en Suisse. Les autorités helvétiques doivent lui accorder la protection à laquelle il a droit et arrêter de persécuter les réfugié·es afghan·es dont le sort émeut tout le monde sans pour autant donner lieu à un accueil digne de ce nom.

    Collectif Droit de rester, Lausanne, 4 novembre 2021

    ----

    Témoignage de Jawid Y. : débouté, #Non-entrée_en_matière Dublin, à l’#aide_d’urgence depuis le 10 juin 2021. En Suisse depuis le 1er octobre 2020, il est menacé de renvoi Dublin en Suède, d’où il est menacé de renvoi en Afghanistan car il a été débouté en Suède où il avait demandé l’asile à son arrive en Europe. Quand il a quitté l’Afghanistan mi-2015, il avait 21 ans. Aujourd’hui il a 27 ans.

    « I want to be free ! »

    I want to live like a normal person, I want to have the same rights, I want to study, I want to work.

    I want to speak to my family (in Tadjikistan now) and not lie to them.

    Since 6 years I’m lying to them because I don’t want to tell them what I’m going through.

    It would destroy them. My mom would be destroyed if she knew what I’m going through.

    I say that I’m fine, that I’m waiting for my asylum answer, that I’m ok, that I have French courses…

    My dream is to have a normal life. I don’t demand anything else, just to have a normal life. I don’t want to live in a refugee camp anymore.

    I just want to do things that I want.

    I don’t want every night security guards knock on my door and check if I’m here.

    I don’t want to be forced to go to SPOP and EVAM offices every day, or every two days…and to wait there for the white paper and to get 9.- CHF per day to survive here.

    My dream in Afghanistan was to get a diploma in IT ingeniring. I was studying IT in Kaboul Technic University and I liked it. I studied 2 and ½ years at this University.

    But I was forced to live my country very quickly.

    I even could not say good-bye to my family before leaving Kaboul because they live in the countryside.

    During all this years in Sweden, I was studying.

    I studied hard Swedish language. I passed the Swedish test in 1 and 1/2 year. Usually people need 4 to 5 years to succeed with this Swedish test.
    I went to school in Sweden.

    I was just ready to start University there.

    I had every possibility to enter to University…expect the permit.

    Now I don’t have the energy anymore to study.

    I want to stop.

    I question myself. Is this life really fair to stress myself…and to try to survive here…

    I don’t have hope anymore.

    I even committed suicide while in Bex.

    I see the doctor once a week and I see the psychologist from the hospital every day in Bex. It’s boring to see them, to talk to them, knowing that nothing will change.

    And the doctor, what they can do? When they ask me how I am feeling, I answer: « Well, I’m pissed of like all the other days ».

    I asked them not to come on Friday. But they say “No”, because their boss took the decision that the doctor have to see me every day.

    I don’t see any light. For me, my life is like walking in a dark room and I don’t know when I’ll crash the wall.

    (AF, récit récolté le 4.10.21, Lausanne, pour DDR)

    Message reçu via la mailing-list du collectif Droit de rester pour tou.te.s Lausanne, 04.11.2021

    #renvois #expulsions #réfugiés_afghans #asile #migrations #réfugiés #renvois_Dublin #NEM

  • European Court of Human Rights: Bulgaria’s pushback practice violates human rights

    Bulgaria’s systematic expulsion of refugees and migrants to Turkey without an individual examination of the risk of torture, inhuman or degrading treatment violates the European Convention on Human Rights, the European Court of Human Rights has ruled today.

    In the case D v. Bulgaria, the Court unanimously found that the applicant, a Turkish journalist, was forcibly returned to Turkey. The Bulgarian authorities had failed to carry out an assessment of the risk he faced there, and deprived him of the possibility to challenge his removal, breaching articles 3 and 13 of the European Convention on Human Rights, the Court found. He was supported in the proceedings by the European Center for Constitutional and Human Rights, The Center for Legal Aid - Voice in Bulgaria and Foundation PRO ASYL.

    “The ECtHR’s decision provides belated but important satisfaction for the applicant. It sets a strong counterpoint to Bulgaria’s longstanding practice of denying refugees protection from persecution and handing them straight back to their persecutors,” says attorney Carsten Gericke, D’s counsel. “This is a clear signal to Bulgaria that pushbacks, as carried out along the EU’s external borders, must come to an end and access to human rights and to asylum must be guaranteed.”

    After many years working as a journalist in Turkey, D was compelled to leave the country due to increasing state repression in the aftermath of the attempted coup d’état in July 2016. Together with eight other refugees from Turkey and Syria, he was apprehended in a truck at the Bulgarian-Romanian border on October 14, 2016. Despite expressing his fear of return to Turkey, at no point did the Bulgarian authorities assess the risk of torture, mistreatment and further political persecution faced by the applicant in Turkey. He was not allowed access to a lawyer or interpreter and was returned to Turkey within less than 24 hours.

    “This is a breakthrough decision for guaranteeing the right to asylum procedures and protecting asylum seekers from removal to the country where they face persecution,” adds Diana Radoslavova from the Center for Legal Aid - Voice in Bulgaria.

    Upon arrival in Turkey, D was immediately detained, and later, in December 2019, sentenced to seven and a half years of imprisonment for membership of a terrorist organization FETÖ. The verdict against him was largely based on the fact that he had the messenger application, ’Bylock’, on his cell phone. Following the Turkish government’s assertion that the app is used by the Gülen movement, which it declared a terrorist organization, Turkish courts have viewed the use of the app as sufficient proof of affiliation to the group.

    “The right to asylum is under attack. Today’s ruling has once again clarified that the protection from refoulement is absolute. The fight against pushbacks and violence at the EU’s borders continues - with new tailwind from Strasbourg,” says Karl Kopp from PRO ASYL.

    NGOs have consistently reported on pushbacks at the Bulgarian-Turkish border, documenting how Turkish nationals in particular are denied access to asylum. In 2018, the Council of Europe’s Special Representative on migration and refugees, Tomáš Boček, criticized the lack of respect for the principle of non-refoulement and urged for the individual examination of personal risk refugees/applicants might face when they are deported back to Turkey.

    https://www.ecchr.eu/pressemitteilung/european-court-of-human-rights-bulgarias-pushback-practice-violates-human-righ

    #CourEDH #CEDH #Bulgarie #push-backs #renvois #refoulements #Turquie #expulsions #justice #condamnation #risques #réfugiés_turques

    ping @isskein

  • Syrian family sue EU border agency over removal from Greece

    Family who were sent to Turkey despite lodging asylum claims take case to European court

    Five years to the day after a family of Syrian refugees were bundled on to a plane and deported to Turkey despite having lodged asylum claims in Greece, they are taking their case to the European court of justice.

    In an unprecedented step, a Dutch firm of human rights lawyers announced on Wednesday that it had filed a lawsuit against Frontex, the EU border agency that operated the flight, and was seeking damages on behalf of the family.

    “Frontex has acknowledged there were human rights violations,” said Lisa-Marie Komp, one of the lawyers at the Prakken d’Oliveira practice representing the family. “It has accepted that the refugees never got the chance to have their asylum request processed.”

    She said it was crucial that the EU-funded agency was held accountable. “If it is to be given such a far-reaching mandate, then there should be effective possibilities to hold it to account. And if that is not possible, what it will amount to is the undermining of the basic principle of rule of law.”

    The action – the first of its kind to be brought before the Luxembourg tribunal – highlights the illegal practice of pushbacks at the EU’s external borders, according to campaigners who have stepped up calls for an end to the alleged abuses.

    Frontex has faced accusations of “actively destroying” the fundamental principles on which the EU was built by participating in the pushbacks.

    The body, which has 660 officers working alongside Greek counterparts at Greece’s sea, land and air borders, has admitted that the Syrian couple and their four children were among 18 passengers onboard the flight from Kos to the southern Turkish city of Adana on 20 October 2016.

    The family, whose members have not been named in the legal action for security reasons, say they were tricked by EU and Greek officials into believing they would be flown to Athens after initiating asylum requests in Greece.

    The refugees were transported to Kos after submitting their claims on the Greek island of Leros, among the five frontline Aegean outposts that were then receiving large numbers of Syrians fleeing civil war in rickety boats from the Turkish coast.

    “I never knew I was [going to be] deported to Turkey,” the then 33-year-old father told reporters after being placed in the Düziçi detention camp in the south of the country. “The policemen said ‘leave your dinner, get your stuff, we will take you to a police station for the night and [then] tomorrow morning to Athens.’”

    Once on the flight the family, including four children aged one to seven, were forced to sit apart next to escort guards, who were subsequently identified by the insignia on their uniforms. It was only when the youngest child began to cry uncontrollably that he was allowed to sit on his mother’s lap.

    “They were in a very vulnerable position,” said Komp. “The treatment of the children on the flight was itself in contravention of the rights of the child enshrined in article 24 of the charter of fundamental rights of the EU.”

    It took three years and eight months before Frontex responded to requests from the Dutch legal team and drafted a report about the internal complaint. “The bottom line is they didn’t take any measures to check whether it was legal to take this family out of Greece,” Komp said.

    The Syrians, from the Kurdish town of Kobani, have since settled in northern Iraq for fear of being returned to their war-torn homeland.

    An estimated 1 million Syrians arrived in Greece en route to other parts of Europe at the height of an influx that began in 2015. Although the Greek asylum service was overwhelmed, the leftwing Syriza party then in power in Athens said Syrian refugees would be given priority on islands that soon became synonymous with squalid and vastly overcrowded camps.

    The incident was the first recorded expulsion of asylum seekers after the EU reached a landmark deal with Turkey in March 2016 in which it was explicitly stated that people arriving in Greece would have access to a fair asylum procedure.

    Yiannis Mouzalas, who was the minister in charge of Greek migration policy at the time, told the Guardian he ordered an inquiry into the case after it became clear that “violations” had occurred.

    “An asylum request was lodged and it was evident the process had been violated and something illegal had happened,” said Mouzalas, conceding he had no idea of the inquiry’s findings because he stepped down before it was wrapped up. “But I do know it was the responsibility of the competent Greek authorities [to remove them], not Frontex which transported them.”

    Frontex has blamed the decision to return the family on “national authorities”, saying its role was to provide “means of transport, trained escorts, translators and medical personnel.”

    An 18-page report released 19 months later, which was subsequently published in the leftwing daily Syntakton, concluded that while the asylum claim had been registered 11 days earlier, it was only logged on the electronic police platform a day after the Syrians was deported.

    Although the right to asylum is enshrined in EU law, there have been mounting reports of dangerous pushbacks. Greece, Croatia and Romania were recently singled out for censure after an eight-month investigation led by the news organisation Lighthouse Reports found they had conducted a “violent campaign” to stop asylum seekers crossing their borders.

    The European Council on Refugees and Exiles, an alliance of 103 NGOs across 39 countries on the continent, has attributed “emerging evidence” of hundreds of illegal pushback operations to security forces in member states, often acting with the tacit support of Brussels.

    https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/oct/20/syrian-family-sue-eu-border-agency-over-removal-from-greece
    #asile #migrations #réfugiés #justice #Frontex #frontières #poursuite #Cour_de_Justice_européenne #CJUE #Grèce #renvois #expulsions #réfugiés_syriens

    ping @isskein

  • Why these detained Egyptian citizens in #Tripoli are being deported back to #Egypt wearing @GDFGuardia di Finanza (#Italy Customs Police) uniforms ?

    https://www.facebook.com/moi.gov.ly/posts/4313991792030813

    Images postées sur FB sur le site du Ministère de l’intérieur libyen le 12 septembre à 19h10 :


    https://www.facebook.com/moi.gov.ly/posts/4313991792030813

    #renvois #expulsions #Libye #Egypte #réfugiés_égyptiens #guardia_di_finanza #Italie #externalisation #asile #migrations #réfugiés

    ping @isskein

  • Greece says Turkey continues to block returns of illegal migrants

    Greece made on Wednesday a new request to the EU Commission and FRONTEX for the immediate return to Turkey of 1,908 rejected asylum seekers living on the Aegean islands. Athens says Turkey has been blocking the returns of people not eligible for asylum for the past 17 months.

    The 2016 EU-Turkey Statement on migration provides that people who entered Greece from Turkey after 20 March, 2016 and are not entitled to international protection will return to Turkey.

    But according to Greek migration minister Notis Mitarakis, this is not the case.

    “The process of returns has stopped since 15 March, 2020, when Turkey referred to the difficulties caused by the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. For about 17 months, Turkey has insisted on refusing to implement its commitments without any argument,” the minister wrote in a letter to Commission Vice-President Margaritis Schinas and FRONTEX.

    Mitarakis also referred to the Commission’s proposed new migration pact, which has reached a deadlock due to divisions among EU member states over whether the relocation of recognised refugees will be mandatory or not.

    The Greek minister said it was crucial for Europe to establish a common mechanism, as well as the necessary legal arsenal for returns.

    “And to fortify, in this way, the first host countries against uncontrolled migration flows, but also the action of smuggling networks,” he added.

    Greece recently proposed to declare Turkey a safe third state for migrants from countries such as Somalia, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syria and Bangladesh. Were the proposal to be adopted, migrants from these countries entering Greece via Turkey would not be able to apply for asylum status.

    Austrian Interior Minister Karl Nehammer has backed the Greek proposal adding that the Danish model to move asylum seekers to third countries as their application is processed would be a viable option.

    https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/short_news/greece-says-turkey-continues-to-block-returns-of-illegal-migrants

    #Grèce #Turquie #réfugiés #asile #migrations #réfugiés #renvois #accord_UE-Turquie #réadmission #expulsions #requête #Frontex #Mer_Egée

    ping @isskein @karine4

  • #Return-watch

    The EU and the German government are promoting the “voluntary” return of refugees and migrants by offering them the prospect of a promising new start in their respective countries of origin. What is the impact of these programmes - on the right to asylum and on deportation policies? How can reintegration and a new start succeed in precisely those circumstances that were themselves the cause of flight and migration in the first place? Or are the support programmes more about transporting people out of the country as effectively and quietly as possible?

    https://www.return-watch.org

    Les pays suivis :
    #Afghanistan
    #Irak
    #Mali
    #Maroc
    #Tunisie
    #Egypte
    #Syrie
    #Grèce

    #observatoire #monitoring #monitorage #Allemagne #renvois #expulsions #asile #migrations #réfugiés #retours_volontaires (sic) #portraits #témoignages #réintégration

    ping @isskein @karine4 @_kg_ @rhoumour @i_s_

  • #Algérie - #Niger : la réouverture de la frontière fait craindre davantage d’expulsions

    Après un an de fermeture, le passage entre les deux pays est de nouveau autorisé. Ce qui pourrait augmenter, encore un peu plus, le nombre d’expulsions illégales de migrants d’Algérie vers le Niger.

    Après plus d’un an de fermeture pour cause de coronavirus, la frontière entre l’Algérie et le Niger est de nouveau ouverte. L’annonce a été faite par le président algérien Abdelmadjid Tebboune lors d’un point de presse conjoint avec son homologue nigérien Mohamed Bazoum, en visite à Alger. Selon le chef d’état algérien, cette réouverture autorise "l’exportation des produits algériens vers le Niger et l’importation des produits nigériens".

    Mais force est de constater qu’elle remet aussi en lumière la question des migrants. Car l’endroit voit aussi passer, quotidiennement, de nombreux exilés expulsés illégalement d’Algérie. Selon les Nations unies, le pays - qui ne dispose pas de législation en matière d’asile malgré son attachement à la Convention de Genève sur le statut de réfugié - a depuis 2014, renvoyé des dizaines de milliers de migrants en situation irrégulière de l’autre côté de sa frontière.
    "Toujours autant de camions" pendant la pandémie

    Sa fermeture, actée le 17 mars 2020, n’y a rien fait : "le #refoulement systématique des migrants depuis l’Algérie vers le Niger n’a pas cessé", déplore Médecins sans frontières (MSF) dans un communiqué. Entre janvier et avril 2021, près de 4 370 personnes ont été emmenées par les forces de l’ordre algériennes jusqu’au "Point Zéro", en plein désert, à proximité de la région nigérienne d’Agadez.

    "Pendant la crise sanitaire, les ONG présentes sur place ont vu toujours autant de camions traverser la frontière en direction du Niger, chargés de migrants expulsés. Des hommes, des femmes, mais aussi des mineurs, de toute origine, ", confirme Lauren Seibert, chercheuse spécialiste des migrants et des réfugiés au sein de Human Rights Watch (HRW).

    Sans aucun moyen de localisation ni personne pour les guider, les migrants sont abandonnés là par les autorités algériennes et doivent parcourir, à pied et souvent la nuit, les 15 kilomètres qui les séparent de la petite ville nigérienne d’#Assamaka. Avec pour certains, une issue fatale.

    Abdul, originaire de Sirerra Leone, a eu, lui, la chance d’arriver sain et sauf. "Ils nous ont emmenés dans le désert et nous ont laissés là en nous disant ‘la route vers le Niger, c’est cette direction’ », raconte-t-il à HRW. "Je n’avais pas de chaussures. J’ai marché pieds nus. Ça nous a pris cinq à six heures [pour arriver au Niger]."

    Selon un recensement effectué par MSF, en 2020, plus de 23 175 migrants sont arrivés à Assamaka, qui compte un millier d’habitants permanents.

    Avec la réouverture officielle de la frontière, le nombre d’expulsions pourrait "augmenter drastiquement dans les mois à venir", s’inquiète Lauren Seibert. Malgré un an de pandémie, et les nombreuses critiques dont elle est la cible, "l’Algérie n’a jusqu’à maintenant fait aucun effort pour remédier à cette situation". Et ce, "malgré la pression internationale et celle de la société civile, déplore-t-elle. On s’attend donc à ce que la situation soit encore pire maintenant".

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=msZtXPeCIP0&feature=emb_logo

    Des pratiques illégales

    Pourtant, en agissant ainsi, l’Algérie trahit ses engagements légaux. Car le pays est "signataire des conventions des Nations unies et de l’Afrique sur les réfugiés et de la convention contre la torture", rappelle un rapport de HRW. Les autorités sont donc tenues "de respecter le principe de non-refoulement, qui interdit le retour forcé de toute personne vers des pays où elle pourrait être soumise à la torture ou à des menaces contre sa vie ou sa liberté".

    L’article 12 de la Charte africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples, que l’Algérie a ratifié, lui interdit également toute expulsion visant des groupes nationaux, raciaux, ethniques ou religieux.

    Des dispositions renforcées par la loi nationale N 08-11, validée en 2008. Si la mesure admet que l’expulsion peut être prononcée contre les étrangers irréguliers, elle les autorise, aussi, à contester la décision devant un juge. "Au regard des faits, force est de constater le non-respect de ces dispositions", admet Boubakar A. Mahamadou dans un article publié par Alarm Phone Sahara : https://alarmephonesahara.info/fr/blog/posts/expulsions-massives-de-migrants-par-l-algerie-vers-le-niger-que-

    Pour le juriste nigérien, "les états ont le droit de restreindre la liberté de circulation des personnes. Mais il n’en demeure pas moins que cela doit s’effectuer dans le respect des règles établies". L’Algérie ne semble pas, jusqu’ici, en avoir pris conscience.

    https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/33753/algerie-niger-la-reouverture-de-la-frontiere-fait-craindre-davantage-d

    #frontières #asile #migrations #réfugiés #expulsions #renvois #ouverture_des_frontières

    ping @isskein @karine4 @_kg_ @rhoumour

  • Dal 2008 a oggi, i paesi europei hanno valutato 600.000 richieste d’asilo da parte di afghani.
    Ne hanno rifiutate 290.000, rimpatriando oltre 70.000 persone (di cui 15-20.000 donne).


    Nel mare di ipocrisia, per una volta l’Italia svetta in positivo.
    Questo significa che su 290.000 afghani che non hanno ricevuto protezione, 220.000 sono ancora in Europa.
    Ora i governi dovrebbero impegnarsi per proteggerli tutti. Sospendendo i rimpatri sine die, ma soprattutto concedendo permessi umanitari a chi oggi è irregolare.

    https://twitter.com/emmevilla/status/1427159238892216322

    –—

    Tra il 2008 e il 2020 abbiamo rimpatriato più di 70.000 afghani.

    https://twitter.com/emmevilla/status/1426924703105564679
    #renvois #expulsions

    #statistiques #chiffres #réfugiés_afghans #Europe #asile #migrations #réfugiés #Matteo_Villa #graphique #visualisation #demandes_d'asile

  • Syrian refugees face threats of deportation from Europe and appropriation of property rights in Syria

    “We spent 30 years building our house to bring the family together and create memories. Years went by abroad until we could return home and settle down. Then, in a single moment, all was gone, and we found ourselves at the beginning of a new tiring journey. Once again, we left our home country searching for a new life.”

    With these words, Rihab Qassem (aged 65) recounted to Enab Baladi her daunting life journey spent in search of stability in someplace where human dignity is respected while going through many tragic detours and surviving their destructive psychological effects.

    In December 2012 and after Syrian regime forces bombed her family house, Rihab fled the Yarmouk camp area in southern Damascus, with her sons who were prosecuted by the regime’s security services.

    “We did not take sides. We only treated people injured by bombardments,” Rihab said. In October 2013, Rihab took her last look at her house’s destroyed walls, captured some photos for memory, and embarked on a new journey seeking refugee in Europe to reach Denmark eventually.

    Threats of deportation

    In early 2014, Rihab was granted a residency permit in Denmark under humanitarian protection grounds. Her house in the Yarmouk camp was completely destroyed during the battles, ending any dream of returning home.

    Despite being permitted residency in Denmark, Rihab’s story was far from reaching a happy ending, as Danish authorities issued a report in 2019 saying that the security situation in some parts of Syria has “improved markedly.”

    The same report was used as a pretext to start reevaluating hundreds of residence permits granted by the Danish government to Syrian refugees coming from the Syrian capital of Damascus and its surrounding areas.

    Last July, Rihab was handed over the Danish Immigration Service’s decision of deportation from Denmark on the grounds that Damascus is reclassified as a “safe zone.”

    “A house’s value is nothing when compared to thousands of people’s loss of loved ones during the war in Syria, and even if I wanted to go back home, do you think there is any chance for me to return to my house? There is not,” Rihab said.

    Speaking of her house, Rihab shows zero hope of returning home, knowing that the Yarmouk camp is in ruins and its streets are empty with nothing but destroyed houses.
    Syrian government’s property laws destroy hopes of returning home

    In the last ten years, the regime’s government issued several laws and legislative decrees and some administrative decisions that adversely affected house, land, and property (HLP) rights of Syrian citizens in general and Syrian refugees in particular.

    The government HLP regulations have created additional burdens and challenges for Syrian refugees seeking to deprive them of their property rights.

    Legislative Decree No. 66 of 2012 is one of the laws threatening the HLP rights of Syrian citizens. It stipulated the establishment of two zoning areas within Damascus province to achieve urban development in informal settlement areas.

    Syrian lawyer Hussam Sarhan told Enab Baladi that properties included in the zoning area are viewed as common property between a group of property holders. Each group member has a share equal to the estimated value of his/her property or rights in rem.

    Sarhan said that under the decree, the zoning area serves as a legal personality incorporating all rights holders and is represented by Damascus province, while real estate transactions (sell, purchase, or donations) for properties included in Decree No. 66 two zoning areas are banned.

    According to Sarhan, Decree No. 66 constitutes a significant threat to Syrian refugees’ property rights as it grants them a short period of 30 days starting after the announcement date of the decree to claim ownership. During this period, absentees outside Syria must submit an application after choosing a place of residence within the zoning plans’ boundaries in Damascus province attached with legal documents.

    He added, the fact that many property owners were forced out of Syria like Rihab Qassem, who cannot return to her country due to security concerns, makes absentees’ HLP rights at risk of being violated under the decree.

    According to the lawyer, Decree No. 66 does not guarantee accurate estimation of properties’ value, including building structures, trees, and crops, affecting the final valuation of these properties.

    The decree ignored the Syrian government’s acknowledgment of some slum areas like the Yarmouk camp when it provided its residents with necessary infrastructure services and regarded them as areas of building violations that must be regulated in zoning plans.

    The decree stipulated that residents of informal settlements included in zoning plans are only entitled to the cost of their properties’ rubble built on public or private state property.

    In June 2020, Damascus Provincial Council held a special session in which it announced the approval of the Yarmouk camp’s regulatory map before sharing it with the public. Soon later, the Council opened the door for objections and received thousands from the camp’s residents.

    Many Yarmouk camp former residents saw the new zoning plan as a threat to the camp’s identity and status as a symbol of return to Palestinian refugees in Syria. Fears of demographic changes also prompted objections.

    Decree No. 66 paved the way for the issuance of Law No. 10 of 2018, which also gave a short notice of 30 days to rights holders to claim ownership. Later, the law was amended, and the objection period was extended to one year, starting after the announcement date of the zoning plan.

    In 2015, the regime government passed Law No. 23 on planning and urban development. The law aimed at creating zoning areas with legal personality.

    Law No. 23 allows administrative units such as municipalities and governorates to expropriate informal housing areas located within zoning areas. As a result, owners of informal housing would lose their independent ownership in favor of having shares in a common property that would be divided into plots under the supervision of real estate distribution committees.

    Several factors impede the return of Syrian refugees in Europe or other parts of the world to their homes, chiefly the absence of any legal instruments that would help them restore their properties or receive compensation, Sarhan said.

    He added that another factor complicating Syrian refugees’ return is the Syrian judiciary’s lack of impartiality, independence, and fair trial standards.

    According to Sarhan, the Syrian government has its own policy managing Syria’s real estate problem in its best interests. It exploits the problem in different ways instead of finding solutions to it.
    “A living nightmare”

    Syrian regime forces started bombing the Yarmouk camp on 16 December 2012 in what was known as the massacre of the Abdul Kadir al-Husseini Mosque and the Fallujah School, leaving more than 200 persons killed or injured.

    The bombing caused the displacement of more than 80 percent of the camp’s residents to other areas inside Syria or abroad. Those who remained suffered from a siege imposed by regime forces between 2013 and 2018, with the participation of allied Palestinian militias.

    A report by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) mentioned that millions of Syrian refugees are distributed over more than 120 countries, while Syria’s security and economic situations remain a discouragement for any return.

    “Houses are murdered with the absence of their residents,” These meaningful words said by the famous Palestinian poet and writer Mahmoud Darwish best describe the conditions of Syrian refugees’ houses whose owners left Syria with no hopes of returning to claim back their property rights.

    As for Rihab, she told Enab Baladi that this period of her life has been a living nightmare as she did not achieve the stability that she has been working so hard for decades to achieve.

    Rihab intends to fight for her and her family’s right of protection and residence in Denmark by attempting to file a lawsuit before relevant local courts.

    https://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2021/08/syrian-refugees-face-threats-of-deportation-from-europe-and-appr

    #réfugiés_syriens #asile #migrations #réfugiés #retour_au_pays #renvois #expulsions #EU #UE #Europe #Danemark

    ajouté à la métaliste sur le retour (volontaire ou contrait) des réfugiés syriens :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/904710
    Et plus précisément sur la politique du Danemark :
    https://seenthis.net/messages/904710#message904721

    ping @isskein

  • Six countries urge EU to continue Afghan deportations

    Stopping deportations would “motivate even more Afghan citizens to leave their home,” the six states say. Afghan authorities have asked deportations to stop until October.

    Six EU countries have asked the European Commission not to stop the deportations of unsuccessful asylum migrants back to Afghanistan as thousands flee the Taliban’s takeover.

    Ministers from Germany, Austria, Belgium, Greece, Netherlands and Denmark said “stopping returns sends the wrong signal and is likely to motivate even more Afghan citizens to leave their home.”

    The move follows a plea from the Afghan Ministry of Refugees and Repatriation on July 8 to stop EU returns of its nationals for three months during the current resurgence of the Taliban.
    What did the letter say?

    The letter signed by the six states said that more moves should be made on the ground to support Afghanistan and neighboring countries rather than halt deportation from the EU.

    “We fully recognise the sensitive situation in Afghanistan in light of the foreseen withdrawal of international troops,” said the joint statement.


    https://twitter.com/kmlvrmln/status/1424646282505822210

    It recognized that there were 4.6 million Afghans that had already been displaced by the conflict with 570,000 asylum applications from the country lodged in the EU since 2015.

    “In view of of the expected likelihood that Afghanistan will continue to be a significant source of irregular migration to the EU, we would like to underline the importance of returning home those without genuine protection needs,” said the six countries.

    They urged “the Commission to intensify talks with the Afghan government on how returns to Afghanistan can and will be continue in the coming months.”

    EU countries have come under increasing attack from human rights groups for the decision to continue returning unsuccessful asylum applicants. On August 3 the European Court for Human Rights ruled not to send one of these migrants back to Afghanistan at least until the end of August.

    “That regions of a country are not safe does not mean that each national of that country automatically is entitled to protection,” added Belgium’s secretary for asylum and migration, Sammy Mahdi.
    What has the EU said?

    A spokesman for The European Commission said: "At an EU level there isn’t a list of countries considered safe relating to asylum applications or for returns.

    “It’s up to each member state to assess... the country of origin and the

    situation of the person concerned,” he said.

    But a senior EU official said on Tuesday that it wants to avoid “a massive flow of migration from Afghanistan.”

    According to the official, 80% of deportations to the war-torn country are “voluntary.”

    The official said the situation in the Middle Eastern country is “challenging” although it is not yet “desperate” in that it still had a solid government unlike Syria and Iraq in past refugee crises.

    But the EU was concerned about fighting stifling the arrival of humanitarian aid in the country, Doctors without Borders (MSF) said on Tuesday that the situation has “deteriorated” to the point that some cities have “medical facilities on the front lines.”
    What is the situation in Afghanistan?

    By Tuesday the Taliban had taken six Afghan provincial capitals forcing thousands to move to Kabul and other safer areas.

    The insurgents, who want to establish Sharia law in the country, are now looking to take Mazar-i-Sharif, the largest city in the north of Afghanistan.

    Its fall would mean an area that has voiced strongest opposition to the Taliban could now be out of government control.

    The US, which aims to withdraw all its troops by the end of August, has sent a special envoy, Zalmay Khalilzad to Qatar to try to get a ceasefire with the Taliban.

    But Pentagon spokesman John Kirby admitted there was “not much” the US could do but trust the Afghan government forces to turn the tide.

    “Taliban forces advancing in Ghazni, Kandahar, and other Afghan provinces have summarily executed detained soldiers, police, and civilians with alleged ties to the Afghan government,” said Human Rights Watch on August 3.

    With the Taliban advancing through the country at an alarming rate, experts believe more revenge killings could be on the way.

    https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/34221/six-countries-urge-eu-to-continue-afghan-deportations

    #Afghanistan #renvois #expulsions

    Et voilà, encore une fois, apparaître la belle #rhétorique de l’#appel_d'air :

    Stopping deportations would “motivate even more Afghan citizens to leave their home,” the six states say.

    ping @isskein @karine4

    • Six EU countries want to keep forced return of Afghans despite Taliban offensive Access to the comments

      At least six EU countries insist that the forced deportation of migrants back to Afghanistan continues despite the Taliban’s alarming gains in recent weeks.

      Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Greece, and the Netherlands wrote to the European Commission claiming that halting returns "sends the wrong signal and is likely to motivate even more Afghan citizens to leave their home for the EU.’’

      Adalbert Jahnz, the Commission’s spokesman for home affairs explained that “it’s up to each member state to make an individual assessment of whether the return is possible in a specific set of circumstances, that needs to take into account the principles, notable the principle of rule of law and other fundamental rights.”

      “But it’s not something that the EU specifically regulates,” he added.

      The call by the six member states comes a week after the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) urged Austrian authorities not to proceed with the expulsion of an Afghan national until late August at the earliest because of “a clear risk of irreparable harm to the complainant”.

      Afghanistan had in July urged Europe to stop deportations for three months, as Finland, Sweden and Norway had done, due to the deteriorating security situation on the grounds.

      Taliban insurgents have captured five out of the country’s 34 provincial capitals in less than a week in a relentless campaign against government forces.

      They have been emboldened by the withdrawal of US and NATO troops from the country.

      Cities claimed by the Taliban include strategically important Kunduz in the north that has transport links to many other cities including the capital Kabul.

      Afghan security forces, which have been backed, trained, and financed with billions of dollars in a 20-year-long Western military effort that included many EU countries, appear unable to cope with the offensive.

      https://www.euronews.com/2021/08/10/six-eu-countries-want-to-keep-forced-return-of-afghans-despite-taliban-off

      #réfugiés_afghans #asile #migrations #réfugiés #retour #renvois #expulsions
      #Austriche #Belgique #Danemark #Allemagne #Grèce #Pays_Bas

      #machine_à_expulser

    • Réfugiés afghans : l’hypocrisie européenne

      La plupart des pays de l’Union européenne ont attendu le dernier moment pour suspendre les expulsions d’Afghans venus demander l’asile sur leur sol. Alors que les talibans ont pris le pouvoir à Kaboul, les vingt-sept ministres des affaires étrangères se réunissent en urgence ce mardi pour décider des suites à donner à leur action. Accueillir dignement les exilés déjà arrivés sur leur sol serait un premier pas en matière de solidarité.

      https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/international/160821/refugies-afghans-l-hypocrisie-europeenne#at_medium=custom7&at_campaign=104

  • A German Court Has Recognised Not All EU Countries Are Safe For Refugees

    A court in the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia has ruled in favour of two asylum seekers, one from Somalia and the other Mali, whose asylum applications had been rejected because they came into the EU via Italy. The court has decided that, because they could expect inhumane or degrading treatment if sent back to Italy, their asylum claims should be heard in Germany.

    The ruling is significant, as it shakes up some of how asylum processing happens in the EU.

    Under perhaps one of the more well-known EU migration laws, the Dublin regulation, member states are allowed to send people back to the first EU country they were registered in. It’s a complicated process, and not without criticism. Asylum seekers and their advocates don’t like it because it denies agency to an asylum seeker who in theory has the right to claim asylum in the country of their choice (or, more specifically, is not obliged to do so in the first “safe” country they land in). “Frontline” states on the EU border such as Italy, Greece and Hungary don’t like the regulation either, because it unfairly places the burden for humanitarian accommodation on them, while Northern member states can admit people as and when they want to.

    Germany previously suspended its participation in the process during the political crisis around migration to Europe in 2015 and 2016, at a time when around a million refugees made their way to Germany. The regulation has since come back however, and continues to cause confusion and misery for many refugees.

    Now, with this ruling, the North Rhine-Westphalia court has thrown an obstacle in the way of this process. Both men had had their asylum applications rejected by regional courts because they were already registered in Italy (technically speaking, the Somali man had already been recognised as a refugee in Italy, while the Malian man had yet to receive any protection). For both men, however, a removal back to Italy would have meant likely destitution, as neither had much prospect of finding housing, support or employment. Their asylum claims, therefore, should be heard in Germany.

    The ruling acknowledges something many refugee advocates have been saying for a long time. Just because an asylum seeker or refugee finds herself in a country that is relatively safer than the region they came from, that does not mean they are in fact free from danger, poverty or destitution just because they are in any given EU state.

    This is a relevant issue in a number of countries, not just Italy and Germany. Greece, for instance, is considered by many people to be an unsafe country for some refugees, as the Greek authorities have been observed abusing refugees as well as forcing them further back into dangerous regions, violating the international principle of non-refoulement.

    The conversation is salient in the U.K. as well, at a time when prominent anti-immigrant voices are decrying people crossing the English channel from “safe” France in order to claim asylum. The U.K. human rights advocate Daniel Sohege has repeatedly pointed out all the reasons a refugee may not feel safe in France, even though the average Brit might:


    https://twitter.com/stand_for_all/status/1292467258221002756
    The U.K. has in any case withdrawn from the Dublin system, but the government is actively pursuing measures to prevent more people arriving in the U.K., including a controversial bill to make it illegal to seek asylum when arriving by “irregular” means (i.e., arriving without already having an entry permit).

    The court in the German case has ruled out a further appeal, though the government could still lodge a complaint against the ruling to be heard at the federal level.

    https://www.forbes.com/sites/freylindsay/2021/07/30/a-german-court-has-recognised-not-all-eu-countries-are-safe-for-refugees
    #Dublin #asile #migrations #réfugiés #COI #Italie #renvois_Dublin #pays_sûr #France

    ping @isskein @karine4

    • Forced return to Italy unlawful, German court rules

      A German court has decided that two African asylum seekers may not be returned to Italy where they had first sought protection, due to the hardship they would face there. It’s not the first time that German courts have ruled against such forced returns within Europe.

      The Higher Administrative Court (OVG) of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) has prohibited the forced returns of two asylum seekers from Somalia and Mali to Italy out of concern over the prevailing living conditions they’d have to endure in Italy.

      There was a “serious danger” that the two men, one Somali and one Malian, would not be able to meet their “fundamental needs” like accommodation and food, the court in the city of Münster said on Thursday (July 29).

      According to the judges, the Somali had already been recognized as a refugee in Italy. The Malian had applied for asylum in Italy before traveling onwards to Germany.

      As a result, Germany’s Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (BAMF) had rejected both their asylum applications as inadmissable and ordered a return to Italy. The men then filed two separate claims against the BAMF decision.
      ’Inhumane and humiliating treatment’

      In its ruling, the court cited the prevailing Italian system for refugees, which stipulates that accommodation and provision is only granted to particularly vulnerable people like the sick or families with children in reception facilities.

      No access to accommodation and work for a longer period of time, however, would mean that the two men would end up in a situation of extreme material hardship, independent of their will and their personal choices, the court said.

      As a result, the two men would face “the serious danger of inhumane and humiliating treatment” in a member state of the European Union, the court argued further. The ruling could not be appealed, the judges said. However, the authorities can file a complaint against this decision at Germany’s federal administrative court.
      Similar decisions

      This week’s ruling is not the first time a German court prevented asylum seekers from being forcibly returned to another EU country.

      In April, a court in the state of Lower Saxony ruled that two sisters from Syria who received protection status in Greece cannot be deported from Germany. The court said the human rights of the women would be put at risk if they were returned to Greece.

      In a similar case, a court in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) in January found that two refugees threatened with deportation to Greece would be at serious risk of inhumane and degrading treatment if they were to be sent back.

      A slightly different case took place back in 2019, when a Munich court decided that Germany must take back a refugee who was stopped on the border and deported to Greece. The court argued that proper procedure under German law had not been followed.

      https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/33990/forced-return-to-italy-unlawful-german-court-rules

  • #Terrorisme : au nom de sa #sécurité, la #France expulse toujours plus

    Depuis 2018, l’Hexagone a expulsé plus de la moitié des islamistes radicalisés fichés et en situation de séjour irrégulier en France. Et selon la volonté du ministre de l’Intérieur, le nombre d’expulsions devrait encore augmenter. C’est un des axes du contre-terrorisme français, rapporte la Deutsche Welle.

    Agir plus vite et plus durement avec les immigrés condamnés pour des crimes graves, telle est la consigne donnée aux préfets de France par le ministre de l’Intérieur, Gérald #Darmanin, en juin. Les #titres_de_séjour sont à réexaminer, et des expulsions à prévoir pour les coupables de #crimes graves : homicide, viol, trafic de drogue, violences conjugales ou contre des dépositaires de l’autorité publique. Voilà le dernier cap fixé par la France pour améliorer la sécurité sur le territoire, rapporte la Deutsche Welle, qui fait un point sur la stratégie antiterroriste de la France.

    « En parallèle de cette mesure, le gouvernement a également publié de nouveaux #chiffres sur les expulsions », écrit le site de la radio internationale allemande : sur 23’000 #personnes_fichées, car soupçonnées de radicalisation, dans le #FSPRT - le #Fichier_de_signalements_pour_la_prévention_de_la_radicalisation_à_caractère_terroriste -, 1’115 seraient en situation irrégulière sur le territoire. Parmi elles, environ la moitié - 601 - a été expulsée ces trois dernières années. L’autre moitié serait en passe de l’être ou se trouve actuellement en prison, a précisé le gouvernement.

    Le gouvernement Macron n’est pas le seul à opérer de la sorte. Les exécutifs successifs du pays, où plus de 250 personnes ont été victimes d’attentats terroristes ces dernières années, ont répondu en durcissant les lois d’immigration. Dans ce contexte, le sujet des expulsions « est devenu plus explosif », explique le journaliste allemand, qui s’est entretenu avec un expert en contre-terrorisme français.

    Tensions dans les pays du Maghreb

    « Le profil des #terroristes_actifs en France a changé », a ainsi expliqué #Marc_Hecker, chercheur à l’Institut français des relations internationales, à la radio allemande. Selon lui, ceux qui ont perpétré les dernières attaques étaient souvent des #immigrés, des #demandeurs_d'asile ou des personnes entrées clandestinement dans le pays.

    Le chercheur pointe deux évolutions qui en découlent. Premièrement, la France a modifié sa pratique d’expulsion :

    Même si la France n’expulse pas d’individus vers les zones de guerre, la liste des pays vers lesquels aucune expulsion n’est réalisée s’est réduite au fil des années."

    Les capacités limitées des #services_de_renseignements

    Deuxièmement, dans les pays en question, la situation sécuritaire se trouve sous tension. Cela concerne avant tout les pays du Maghreb, qui ont vu les expulsions de France se multiplier. « Envoyer les personnes radicalisées vers des pays qui ne disposent pas des mêmes capacités de surveillance que la France ne fait qu’accentuer le problème pour ces pays », explique Hecker.

    « Impossible pour le moment de savoir si les expulsions permettront d’améliorer durablement la situation sécuritaire tendue de la France, mais cela devrait au moins décharger temporairement les autorités », estime la Deutsche Welle. Un des problèmes centraux reste qu’un fichier comptant 23’000 noms représente un défi de taille constant pour les services de renseignements. De plus, le #fichage de toutes les personnes qui sont passées sous les radars, comme le meurtrier de Samuel Paty ou l’attaquant de Notre-Dame de l’Assomption, à Nice, demande des moyens supplémentaires.

    Quant au changement de #profil des attaquants, il est impossible d’évaluer s’il est passager ou définitif.

    https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/vu-dallemagne-terrorisme-au-nom-de-sa-securite-la-france-expu
    #expulsions #renvois #asile #migrations #réfugiés #machine_à_expulser #islamisme #radicalisation #criminels_étrangers #statistiques #sans-papiers

    ping @cede @karine4 @isskein

  • La #CNPT publie son rapport sur l’accompagnement des #rapatriements_sous_contrainte par la #voie_aérienne

    Dans son rapport publié aujourd’hui, la #Commission_nationale_de_prévention_de_la_torture (CNPT) présente les recommandations relatives aux 37 transferts par la #police et aux 23 rapatriements sous contrainte par la voie aérienne qu’elle a accompagnés entre avril 2020 et mars 2021, une période qui a été marquée par le COVID-19. La Commission estime inadéquates certaines #pratiques_policières qui persistent. Finalement, la Commission dresse le bilan du contrôle des 25 renvois sur des vols de ligne, respectivement des renvois du niveau d’exécution 2 et 3, qu’elle a accompagnés entre novembre 2019 et mars 2021.

    Pratiques policières jugées inadéquates

    De manière générale, les observatrices et observateurs de la CNPT continuent d’être témoins de l’hétérogénéité des pratiques cantonales en vigueur s’agissant de la prise en charge et du transfert à l’#aéroport des personnes à rapatrier, notamment en matière de recours aux #entraves. La Commission estime que des mesures urgentes doivent être prises afin d’harmoniser les pratiques policières dans le cadre des renvois.

    Même si des améliorations ont été constatées, la Commission regrette que le recours aux #entraves_partielles reste fréquent tant au niveau des transferts que de l’organisation au sol. Dans son rapport, la Commission appelle instamment aux autorités de renoncer par principe à toute forme de #contrainte, et de limiter une application aux seuls cas qui présentent un danger imminent pour leur propre sécurité ou celle d’autrui. Par ailleurs, elle rappelle que les #enfants ne devraient en aucun cas faire l’objet de #mesures_de_contrainte. Elle conclut également qu’un diagnostic psychiatrique ne peut en aucun cas à lui seul signifier le recours à des entraves.

    En outre, la Commission juge inadéquates plusieurs pratiques policières qui persistent dans le cadre des renvois, même si elle les observe de manière isolée : notamment l’entrée par surprise dans une cellule, l’utilisation de #menottes_métalliques aux chevilles, le recours au #casque_d'entraînement, l’utilisation d’une #chaise_roulante pour transporter une personne entravée et la #surveillance par plusieurs #agents_d'escorte d’une personne à rapatrier entravée et placée sur une chaise. La Commission rappelle également avec force dans son rapport que les personnes à rapatrier doivent être informées de manière transparente et dans une langue qu’elles comprennent sur le déroulement du renvoi.

    Contrôle des renvois du niveau d’exécution 2 et 3

    Dans son rapport, la Commission relève avec préoccupation que les renvois du niveau d’exécution 3 sont exécutés mais sans être clairement distingués des renvois du niveau d’exécution 2. Il existe néanmoins une différence significative entre les deux niveaux de renvoi en termes de mesures de contrainte autorisées. La Commission s’interroge sur la pertinence de ces niveaux d’exécution 2 et 3 et estime qu’une réflexion approfondie doit être menée en la matière. Par ailleurs, le recours aux mesures de contrainte doit être limité aux seuls cas qui présentent un danger imminent pour leur propre sécurité ou celle d’autrui, et ceci pour la durée la plus courte possible. Enfin, compte tenu des mesures de contrainte autorisées dans le cadre des renvois du niveau d’exécution 3, un contrôle indépendant, en particulier des transferts et de l’organisation au sol, devrait être garanti.

    https://www.nkvf.admin.ch/nkvf/fr/home/publikationen/mm.msg-id-84376.html
    #rapport #Suisse #renvois_forcés #expulsions #renvois #2020 #asile #migrations #réfugiés #avions

    –---
    Pour télécharger le rapport :
    https://www.nkvf.admin.ch/dam/nkvf/de/data/Medienmitteilungen/2021-07-08/bericht-ejpd-kkjpd-f.pdf

    • CNPT | Pratiques policières inadéquates

      La Commission nationale de prévention de la torture (CNPT) appelle la Suisse à “renoncer par principe à toute forme de contrainte” sauf en cas de “danger imminent” pour soi-même ou pour autrui”. Mandatée pour l’observation des vols spéciaux, la CNPT a présenté ses recommandations relatives aux 37 transferts par la police et aux 23 rapatriements sous contrainte par voie aérienne qu’elle a accompagnés entre avril 2020 et mars 2021, soit en plein COVID. La Commission estime inadéquates certaines pratiques policières qui persistent et appelle à des mesures urgentes pour harmoniser les usages entre les cantons.

      https://seenthis.net/messages/921600

  • #Border_Profiteers. Corporations profiting from borders, detentions and deportations - Berlin edition

    This brochure has gathered a list of corporations that profit from deportations, from managing detention centers, from building fences, selling ships, drones or planes patrolling the Mediterranean, subcontracted security guards, providing data collection, border surveillance software, id control mechanisms, racist policy consultation, prison construction and any other form of oppression that limits peoples freedom of movement and right to stay.

    The external borders of Europe are not in Berlin, but the border regime is all around us. This regime consists of more than just the state. In capitalism, many forms of border oppression are subcontracted to corporations. Borders are very profitable. Therefore this market is dominated by huge multinational corporations. And since keywords of the European borders are militarisation and surveillance, the list of corporate border profiteers is full of the usual suspects that also profit from war, prisons and privacy infringement.

    The goal of this booklet is to promote action in Berlin and Brandenburg. Hence the focus is very much on companies that have an office in Berlin or action possibilities based on local struggles.

    List of Border Profiteers

    1. DEPORTATION COLLABORATORS
    #Lufthansa#Eurowings
    #Privilege_Style
    #Corendon_Airlines
    #Turyol / #Jalem_Tur
    #Enter_Air

    2. BORDER MILITARISATION
    #Airbus#Hensholdt
    #Otokar#Koç_Holding
    #Thales

    3. DETENTION INDUSTRY
    #European_Homecare
    #Pulsm#Morten_Group
    #Markgraf
    #Baukontor_Lange

    4. SURVEILLANCE SOFTWARE
    #Sopra_Steria
    #Cevision

    5. PRIVATE GUARDS
    #City_Schutz
    #Securitas
    #L&S_Sicherheit
    #Secura_Protect

    6. BORDER CONSULTANCY
    #McKinsey

    Quelques captures d’écran :

    https://noborderassembly.blackblogs.org/2021/04/14/new-brochure-border-profiteers

    Pour télécharger la brochure :
    https://noborderassembly.blackblogs.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/1214/2021/04/Border-Profiteers-berlin.pdf

    #profit #business #complexe_militaro-industriel #frontières #asile #migrations #réfugiés #renvois #Allemagne #compagnies_aériennes #sécurité #détention_administrative #rétention #consultants #militarisation_des_frontières #renvois #expulsions #charter #Frontex

    #no_border_assembly #rapport

  • CRA - Centre de Rétention Administrative

    En 2012, à #Toulouse - Cornebarrieu, Meybeck participe à la campagne « #Ouvrez_les_portes » organisée par Migreurop et Alternative Européenne, campagne visant à obtenir l’accès des journalistes et de la société civile aux centres de rétention pour lesquels nous n’avons pratiquement aucune information, ni sur ce qui s’y passe, ni comment sont traités les migrants, ni sur le respect de leurs droits.

    https://www.desrondsdanslo.com/CRA.html

    #rétention #détention_administrative #CRA #centre_de_rétention_administrative #France #Cornebarrieu #open_access_now #migrations #asile #réfugiés #renvois #expulsions
    #livre #BD #bande_dessinée

  • #Mitsotakis blasts use of migrants as pawns to pressure the EU

    Prime Minister #Kyriakos_Mitsotakis on Friday decried the use of migrants and refugees as “geopolitical pawns to put pressure on the European Union.”

    Mitsotakis referred to efforts made by Turkey, in March 2020, and the recent surge of migrants reaching Spain’s African territories.

    Mitsotakis made this statement in a meeting with #Frontex Executive Director #Fabrice_Leggeri. Also present at the meeting were the Minister for Asylum ad Migration Policy Notis Mitarakis, Chief of the Greek Armed Forces Staff Konstantinos Floros and the heads of Police and the Coast Guard, as well as the head of the Prime Minister’s Diplomatic Office.

    Mitsotakis said that thanks to Frontex’s assistance, migrant flows dropped by 80% in 2020 and a further 72% so far in 2021.

    https://www.ekathimerini.com/news/1161528/mitsotakis-blasts-use-of-migrants-as-pawns-to-pressure-the-eu

    Et cette vidéo insupportable... une suite d’hypocrisie et mensonges :
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o5-_StRXLpw

    #Grèce #migrations #asile #réfugiés #UE #Union_européenne #collaboration #coopération #frontières #passeurs #protection_des_frontières #fermeture_des_frontières #criminalisation_de_la_migration #hypocrisie #mensonge #morts_aux_frontières #mourir_aux_frontières #renvois #expulsions #accord_UE-Turquie #déclaration #reconnaissance #réadmission #Turquie

    ping @karine4 @isskein