Tinariwen (+IO:I) - Ténéré Tàqqàl (what has become of the Ténéré) - YouTube
▻https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boiiiVh52v4
تيناريوان عنوان لمواجهة النّهب المبرمج الذّي تقوده الشّركات الأخطبوطيّة بغلاف الرّأسماليّة، عنوان للتّصدّي للإيديولوجيّات الظّلامية وتحدّي الأنظمة الشّموليّة .... الذّين يرفضون حمل السّلاح سيجدون في الموسيقى أفضل أداة للمقاومة لأنّها تخترق القلوب لتجعل من المحبّة والسّلام عنوانا للإنسانيّة المفقودة... تحيّاتي...
مَاذَا حَلَّ بِالصَّحْرَاء؟
لَقَدْ تَحَوَّلَتْ الصَّحْرَاءُ إِلَى سَاحَةِ مَعَارِك.
أَيْنَ تَتَقَاتَلُ الفِيَلَة.
تَسْحَقُ تَحْتَ أَقْدَامِهَا العُشْبَ الطَّرِيّ.
الغَزَالُ وَجَدَ فِي أَعَالِي الجِبَالِ مَلْجَأ.
الطُّيُورُ مَا عَادَتْ تَرُوحُ إِلَى أَعْشَاشِهَا لَيْلاً.
وَالمُخَيَّمَاتُ هُجِّرَ مِنْهَا سَاكِنُوهَا.
يُمْكِنُكَ قِرَاءَةُ مَرَارَةَ العَيْشِ عَلَى وُجُوهِ الأَبْرِيَاء.
خِلَالَ هَذَا الوَقْتِ الصَّعْبِ وَالكَمِدِ الذِّي قََلَّ فِيهِ التّضَامُنُ.
يَفْرِضُ الأَقْوِيَاءُ إِرَادَتَهُمْ وَيَتْرُكًونَ خَلْفَهُمْ الضُّعَفَاء.
كَثِيرُونَ مَاتُوا مِنْ أَجْلِ أَهْدَافٍ مَشْبُوهَةٍ.
الفَرَحُ تَخَلَّى عَنَّا
وَطَاقَتُنَا أَهْدَرْنَاهَا بِسَبَبِ هَذِهِ الازْدِوَاجِيَّة.
Tinariwen sur bandcamp - Anti-Records
▻https://tinariwenmusic.bandcamp.com
▻https://tinariwen.com
▻https://bigbandcafe.com/tinariwen
Tinariwen est né de la rencontre de trois Touaregs, Ibrahim Ag Alhabib, Hassan Touhami et Inteyeden Ag Ableline, dans le désert de Tamanrasset en 1979. Les trois hommes se lient d’amitié, et jouent sur une guitare bricolée pour accompagner leurs chants, mélangeant raï et chaâbi au blues malien, inspirés par Ali Farka Touré, Aziz, Boubacar Traoré, Rabah Driassa ou même Kenny Rodgers. Qualifiée de blues touareg, leur musique hypnotique et puissante a traversé les frontières, appréciée par des artistes comme Robert Plant ou Elvis Costello. Thom Yorke de Radiohead s’en est même inspiré sur son album The Eraser.
Les filles de Illighadad des cousines ou frangines de Tinariwen
▻https://seenthis.net/messages/211037
Sublime recordings from rural Niger. Two very different sides of Tuareg music - dreamy ishumar acoustic guitar sessions, and the hypnotic polyphonic tende that inspires it. Guitarist Fatou Seidi Ghali and vocalist Alamnou Akrouni lead the troupe, named after the village. Recorded in the open air studio of the desert.
▻https://lesfillesdeillighadad.bandcamp.com/album/les-filles-de-illighadad
Eastern Daze III - Les Filles De Illighadad
▻https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=2513&v=H1UG4BehbbQ&feature=emb_logo
Fatou Seidi Ghali, lead vocalist and performer of Les Filles de Illighadad is one of the only Tuareg female guitarists in Niger. Sneaking away with her older brother’s guitar, she taught herself to play. While Fatou’s role as the first female Tuareg guitarist is groundbreaking, it is just as interesting for her musical direction. In a place where gender norms have created two divergent musics, Fatou and Les Filles de Illighadad are reasserting the role of tende in Tuareg guitar. In lieu of the djembe or the drum kit, Les Filles de Illighadad incorporate the traditional drum and the pounding calabash, half buried in water. The forgotten inspiration of Tuareg guitar, they are reclaiming its importance in the genre and reclaiming the music of tende.
#Sahel_Sounds : je suis abonné à leur newsletter. Et je n’ai jamais été déçu.
#Niger, part 3 : Guns won’t win the war
After an ambush killed four US special forces and five local soldiers in #Tongo_Tongo, a village in the northern part of the #Tillabéri region close to Niger’s border with Mali, Boubacar Diallo’s phone rang constantly.
That was back in October 2017. Journalists from around the world were suddenly hunting for information on Aboubacar ‘petit’ Chapori, a lieutenant of #Islamic_State_in_the_Greater_Sahara, or #ISGS – the jihadist group that claimed the attack.
Diallo, an activist who had been representing Fulani herders in peace negotiations with Tuareg rivals, had met Chapori years earlier. He was surprised by his rapid – and violent – ascent.
But he was also concerned. While it was good that the brewing crisis in the remote Niger-Mali borderlands was receiving some belated attention, Diallo worried that the narrow focus on the jihadist threat – on presumed ISGS leaders Chapori, Dondou Cheffou, and Adnan Abou Walid Al Sahrawi – risked obscuring the real picture.
Those concerns only grew later in 2017 when the G5 Sahel joint force was launched – the biggest military initiative to tackle jihadist violence in the region, building on France’s existing Operation Barkhane.
Diallo argues that the military push by France and others is misconceived and “fanning the flames of conflict”. And he says the refusal to hold talks with powerful Tuareg militants in #Mali such as Iyad Ag Ghaly – leader of al-Qaeda-linked JNIM, or the Group for the support of Islam and Muslims – is bad news for the future of the region.
Dialogue and development
Niger Defence Minister Kalla Moutari dismissed criticism over the G5 Sahel joint force, speaking from his office in Niamey, in a street protected by police checkpoints and tyre killer barriers.
More than $470 million has been pledged by global donors to the project, which was sponsored by France with the idea of coordinating the military efforts of Mauritania, Mali, #Burkina_Faso, Niger, and Chad to fight insurgencies in these countries.
“It’s an enormous task to make armies collaborate, but we’re already conducting proximity patrols in border areas, out of the spotlight, and this works,” he said.
According to Moutari, however, development opportunities are also paramount if a solution to the conflict is to be found.
"Five years from now, the whole situation in the Sahel could explode.”
He recalled a meeting in the Mauritanian capital, Nouakchott, in early December 2018, during which donors pledged $2.7 billion for programmes in the Sahel. “We won’t win the war with guns, but by triggering dynamics of development in these areas,” the minister said.
A European security advisor, who preferred not to be identified, was far more pessimistic as he sat in one of the many Lebanese cafés in the Plateau, the central Niamey district where Western diplomats cross paths with humanitarian workers and the city’s upper-class youth.
The advisor, who had trained soldiers in Mali and Burkina Faso, said that too much emphasis remained on a military solution that he believed could not succeed.
“In Niger, when new attacks happen at one border, they are suddenly labelled as jihadists and a military operation is launched; then another front opens right after… but we can’t militarise all borders,” the advisor said. If the approach doesn’t change, he warned, “in five years from now, the whole situation in the Sahel could explode.”
Tensions over land
In his home in east Niamey, Diallo came to a similar conclusion: labelling all these groups “jihadists” and targeting them militarily will only create further problems.
To explain why, he related the long history of conflict between Tuaregs and Fulanis over grazing lands in north Tillabéri.
The origins of the conflict, he said, date back to the 1970s, when Fulani cattle herders from Niger settled in the region of Gao, in Mali, in search of greener pastures. Tensions over access to land and wells escalated with the first Tuareg rebellions that hit both Mali and Niger in the early 1990s and led to an increased supply of weapons to Tuareg groups.
While peace agreements were struck in both countries, Diallo recalled that 55 Fulani were killed by armed Tuareg men in one incident in Gao in 1997.
After the massacre, some Fulani herders escaped back to Niger and created the North Tillabéri Self-Defence Militia, sparking a cycle of retaliation. More than 100 people were killed in fighting before reconciliation was finally agreed upon in 2011. The Nigerien Fulani militia dissolved and handed its arms to the Nigerien state.
“But despite promises, our government abandoned these ex-fighters in the bush with nothing to do,” Diallo said. “In the meantime, a new Tuareg rebellion started in Mali in 2012.”
The Movement for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa (known as MUJAO, or MOJWA in English), created by Arab leaders in Mali in 2011, exploited the situation to recruit among Fulanis, who were afraid of violence by Tuareg militias. ISGS split from MUJAO in 2015, pledging obedience to ISIS leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi.
Diallo believes dialogue is the only way out of today’s situation, which is deeply rooted in these old intercommunal rivalries. “I once met those Fulani fighters who are the manpower of MUJAO and now of ISGS, and they didn’t consider themselves as jihadists,” he said. “They just want to have money and weapons to defend themselves.”
He said the French forces use Tuareg militias, such as GATIA (the Imghad Tuareg Self-Defence Group and Allies) and the MSA (Movement for the Salvation of Azawad), to patrol borderlands between Mali and Niger. Fulani civilians were killed during some of these patrols in Niger in mid-2018, further exacerbating tensions.
According to a UN report, these militias were excluded from an end of the year operation by French forces in Niger, following government requests.
‘An opportunistic terrorism’
If some kind of reconciliation is the only way out of the conflict in Tillabéri and the neighbouring Nigerien region of Tahoua, Mahamadou Abou Tarka is likely to be at the heart of the Niger government’s efforts.
The Tuareg general leads the High Authority for the Consolidation of Peace, a government agency launched following the successive Tuareg rebellions, to ensure peace deals are respected.
“In north Tillabéri, jihadists hijacked Fulani’s grievances,” Abou Tarka, who reports directly to the president, said in his office in central Niamey. “It’s an opportunistic terrorism, and we need to find proper answers.”
The Authority – whose main financial contributor is the European Union, followed by France, Switzerland, and Denmark – has launched projects to support some of the communities suffering from violence near the Malian border. “Water points, nurseries, and state services helped us establish a dialogue with local chiefs,” the general explained.
“Fighters with jihadist groups are ready to give up their arms if incursions by Tuareg militias stop, emergency state measures are retired, and some of their colleagues released from prison.”
Abou Tarka hailed the return to Niger from Mali of 200 Fulani fighters recruited by ISGS in autumn 2018 as the Authority’s biggest success to date. He said increased patrolling on the Malian side of the border by French forces and the Tuareg militias - Gatia and MSA - had put pressure on the Islamist fighters to return home and defect.
The general said he doesn’t want to replicate the programme for former Boko Haram fighters from the separate insurgency that has long spread across Niger’s southern border with Nigeria – 230 of them are still in a rehabilitation centre in the Diffa region more than two years after the first defected.
“In Tillabéri, I want things to be faster, so that ex-fighters reintegrate in the local community,” he said.
Because these jihadist fighters didn’t attack civilians in Niger – only security forces – it makes the process easier than for ex-Boko Haram, who are often rejected by their own communities, the general said. The Fulani ex-fighters are often sent back to their villages, which are governed by local chiefs in regular contact with the Authority, he added.
A member of the Nigerien security forces who was not authorised to speak publicly and requested anonymity said that since November 2018 some of these Fulani defectors have been assisting Nigerien security forces with border patrols.
However, Amadou Moussa, another Fulani activist, dismissed Abou Tarka’s claims that hundreds of fighters had defected. Peace terms put forward by Fulani militants in northern Tillabéri hadn’t even been considered by the government, he said.
“Fighters with jihadist groups are ready to give up their arms if incursions by Tuareg militias stop, emergency state measures are retired, and some of their colleagues released from prison,” Moussa said. The government, he added, has shown no real will to negotiate.
Meanwhile, the unrest continues to spread, with the French embassy releasing new warnings for travellers in the border areas near Burkina Faso, where the first movements of Burkinabe refugees and displaced people were registered in March.
▻https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/special-report/2019/04/15/niger-part-3-guns-conflict-militancy
#foulani #ISIS #Etat_islamique #EI #Tuareg #terrorisme #anti-terrorisme #terres #conflit #armes #armement #North_Tillabéri_Self-Defence_Militia #MUJAO #MOJWA #Movement_for_Oneness_and_Jihad_in_West_Africa #Mauritanie #Tchad
@reka : pour mettre à jour la carte sur l’Etat islamique ?
►https://visionscarto.net/djihadisme-international
#Rapport: From the “#tuareg question” to memories of conflict : in support of Mali’s reconciliation
Italy and Germany step up measures to deter asylum seekers
Those who thought Europe’s refugee “crisis” was over were reminded this week that tens of thousands of refugees remain stranded in Greece and the Balkans. Images of refugee tents shrouded in snow on the Greek islands have sparked outrage about the lack of adequate shelter, and scorn has been poured on the Greek government for keeping refugees in such miserable conditions. But others have pointed out that the real culprits are EU and member state policies that have closed borders and shrugged off responsibility for a more equitable distribution of the refugees arriving on Europe’s southern shores.
▻http://www.irinnews.org/analysis/2017/01/13/italy-and-germany-step-measures-deter-asylum-seekers
#Allemagne #Italie #asile #migrations #réfugiés #politique_migratoire #Libye #externalisation #détention_administrative #rétention #expulsions #renvois
Refugee crisis : France-Germany Note : Mass expulsion to subsistence conditions
▻http://www.statewatch.org/news/2017/feb/eu-med-france-germany-note.htm
#modèle_australien #expulsions_de_masse
Germany proposes EU rules making migrant deportations easier
German officials have proposed that the European Union relax some human rights safeguards so that more asylum seekers can be deported while awaiting the outcome of their cases, according to a working paper seen by Reuters.
▻http://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/news/germany-proposes-eu-rules-making-deportations-of-migrants-easier
L’Allemagne veut accélérer les expulsions d’immigrés illégaux
Le gouvernement allemand a adopté mercredi un projet de loi controversé visant à accélérer les expulsions de milliers de demandeurs d’asile déboutés, alors qu’une polémique enfle déjà dans le pays concernant les renvois vers l’#Afghanistan.
▻http://www.courrierinternational.com/depeche/lallemagne-va-accelerer-les-expulsions-dimmigres-illegaux.afp
Afghan Returns Built on False Policy Narrative
The idea that returning refugees will drive development in Afghanistan ignores reality, says researcher Marieke van Houte. She argues that the mass return of Afghans will further destabilize the country and drive a new exodus.
Merkel’s cabinet approves faster migrant deportations
The German cabinet has passed a slew of measures aimed at streamlining the deportation process. The phones of asylum-seekers will be searched, while rejected people will likely be kept in custody longer.
▻http://www.dw.com/en/merkels-cabinet-approves-faster-migrant-deportations/a-37664927
EU takes steps towards cooperation in migration control with Libya, amid heavy criticism
The European Union has taken steps to strengthen its cooperation in the field of migration control with Libya, with Council Conclusions reached this Monday, amid heavy criticism. Italy has supported these efforts by concluding a bilateral Agreement with Libya.
▻http://www.ecre.org/eu-takes-steps-towards-migration-control-with-libya-amid-heavy-criticism
Germany continues contested collective deportations to Afghanistan amid proposed reform to foster returns
Last week the third collective deportation to Afghanistan was carried out from Munich, Germany. While criticism on forced removals to Afghanistan persists, the German government has issued a proposal to enhance the efficiency of removal orders.
Germany’s Deportation Lottery Migrants’ Fate a Game of Chance
Because the deportation of rejected asylum-seekers from Germany is the responsibility of the states, a highly arbitrary system not unlike a lottery. For the close to a half-million people expected to receive orders to be deported this year, whether they must leave or not may depend on where they live. By SPIEGEL Staff
Tripoli court blocks Serraj’s migrant deal with Italy: effect unclear
A Tripoli court has blocked any deal on migrants resulting from the memorandum of understanding (MoU) signed by Presidency Council (PC) chief Faiez Serraj and the Italians this February. It is however unclear what impact today’s ruling will have on the EU’s determination to try and stem the migrant tide in cooperation with the PC.
▻https://www.libyaherald.com/2017/03/22/tripoli-court-blocks-serrajs-migrant-deal-with-italy-effect-unclear
Tripoli Appeals Court suspends Libyan-Italian MoU temporarily
The Tripoli Court of Appeals has ruled to suspend the implementation of the Memorandum of Understanding signed by Libya’s Government of National Accord and Italian government to help fight the waves of immigrants that cross Libyan shores to Italy.
▻http://www.libyanexpress.com/tripoli-appeals-court-suspends-libyan-italian-mou-temporarily
L’avvocata libica che ha portato in tribunale l’accordo con l’Italia sui migranti
È l’avvocata più famosa della Libia, vive tra il Canada e Tripoli, e si occupa da tempo di diritti umani in uno dei paesi più complicati del mondo. Ora #Azza_Maghur, insieme ad altri cinque connazionali, ex politici e giuristi, ha presentato un ricorso in tribunale contro il memorandum d’intesa tra Tripoli e Roma firmato lo scorso 2 febbraio dal presidente del consiglio italiano Paolo Gentiloni e dal premier del governo di unità nazionale libico (Gna) Fayez al Sarraj. L’accordo dovrebbe fermare il flusso di migranti che arrivano sulle coste italiane attraversando il mar Mediterraneo. Ma secondo Maghur, figlia di un ex ministro degli esteri e ambasciatore della Libia presso le Nazioni Unite, l’intesa è illegittima e incostituzionale.
▻http://www.internazionale.it/opinione/annalisa-camilli/2017/03/30/azza-maghur-libia-italia-migranti
Libia, le tribù del Sud siglano la pace e si impegnano a bloccare i migranti
L’Italia garante dell’intesa, firmata al Viminale dopo una maratona di 72 ore. Decisivo il ruolo del ministro Minniti con i leader di #Tebu, #Suleyman e #Tuareg
Il governo di Tripoli chiede armi e finanziamenti all’Unione Europea. A rischio migranti ed operatori umanitari. Verso la guerra totale.
La notizia arriva dal Canada, ed è messa sotto censura da tutti i mezzi di informazione europei. Il governo Serraj chiede all’Unione Europea mezzi e navi. Forse siamo alla vigilia dell’avvio della fase tre dell’operazione EUNAVFOR MED:
▻http://www.a-dif.org/2017/04/02/il-governo-di-tripoli-chiede-armi-e-finanziamenti-allunione-europea-a-rischio
Libye : les tribus du Sud signent un accord de paix à Rome
Des tribus du sud de la Libye ont signé vendredi à Rome un accord de paix, qui prévoit un contrôle des 5.000 kilomètres de frontières du Sud, où agissent notamment des passeurs de migrants, a confirmé dimanche le ministère italien de l’Intérieur.
▻http://www.courrierinternational.com/depeche/libye-les-tribus-du-sud-signent-un-accord-de-paix-rome.afp.co
Saharan tribal chiefs pledge to stop flow of migrants heading for Europe via Libya
Tribal leaders in the Sahara have pledged to stop the flood of migrants trying to reach the Mediterranean coast of Libya, in return for aid and development from Europe.
▻http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/04/tribal-chiefs-sahara-pledge-stop-flow-migrants-heading-europe
Salta in Libia l’accordo tra Italia e tribù del sud per il controllo dei migranti
L’assemblea nazionale dei toubou (NTA), una delle tribù della Libia meridionale, ha denunciato il trattato di pace firmato venerdì 31 marzo a Roma tra suoi esponenti e i capi degli awlad suleiman. L’accordo, firmato in presenza dei leader tuareg e del vicepresidente libico del Consiglio presidenziale (CP), riconosciuto dall’ONU, Abdelsalam Kajman, è stato giudicato una palese interferenza del nostro Paese negli affari interni dell’ex Jamahiriya. Chi ha partecipato ai colloqui in Italia non poteva rappresentare la comunità dei toubou, in quanto residente a Qatrun, un villaggio nel sud della Libia e loro non hanno partecipato agli scontri tra i toubou e gli awlad suleiman tra il 2011 e il 2015, che hanno avuto luogo a Obari, Sebha and Murzuk.
▻http://www.a-dif.org/2017/04/09/salta-in-libia-laccordo-tra-italia-e-tribu-del-sud-per-il-controllo-dei-migra
Europe’s wall against African migrants is almost complete
A deal signed in Italy with tribes operating in southern Libya may be the last element of the barrier the EU has been constructing to exclude Africans from Europe. “To seal the southern Libyan border means to seal the southern border of Europe,” declared Italian foreign minister, Marco Minniti, following the signing ceremony in early April.
Germany’s Other Refugees
The Politics of Deciding Who Stays and Who Goes
▻https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/afghanistan/2017-06-27/germanys-other-refugees
Trafic d’êtres humains : l’Italie propose à la Libye « un pacte »
Le ministre italien de l’Intérieur Marco Minniti a proposé jeudi à la Libye un pacte contre les trafiquants d’êtres humains lors d’une visite à Tripoli, au cours de laquelle il a rencontré les maires des villes concernées par ce fléau dans le sud du pays.
▻http://www.courrierinternational.com/depeche/trafic-detres-humains-litalie-propose-la-libye-un-pacte.afp.c
Petite question :
« Nous ferons un pacte pour libérer nos terres des trafiquants », a déclaré le responsable italien aux treize maires du sud libyen.
–-> « nos » terres ? L’Italie a des terres en Libye ? Minniti sait que l’époque coloniale est finie ?
Pour rappelle, voici l’entrée wiki sur la #Libye_italienne (finie en 1947) :
▻https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libye_italienne
Reçu d’un ami :
«Forse avrà voluto dire le terre italiche e libiche, le nostre terre, ovvero le vostre e le mie»
–-> il a peut-être voulu dire les terres d’Italie et de Libye, les nôtres et les miennes = les nôtres
The Unexpected Popularity of #Dire_Straits in North African #Tuareg Communities
▻http://africasacountry.com/the-unexpected-popularity-of-dire-straits-in-north-african-tuareg-c
This post is the inauguration of a new partnership between #AFRICA_IS_A_COUNTRY, and Afropop Worldwide. They recently ran a documentary called Accounting for Taste that explores unexpected musical influences of North American musical traditions on.....
My #Favorite_Photographs : Arnaud Contreras
▻http://africasacountry.com/my-favorite-photographs-arnaud-contreras
The Saharan society is changing fast. Still a beautiful desert but not just that. Most populated cities such as #Tamanrasset or Timbuktu are microcosms revealing all the problems of those former touristic regions: threats of terrorism, traffics, illegal migration, pressures on cultural and natural heritages. The only ways to escape this harsh reality for Saharan […]
#PHOTOGRAPHY #Algeria #Berabich #Bombino #Burkina_Faso #Cameroon #Libya #Mali #Maures #Niger #Songhay #Tamikrest #Terakaft #Tinariwen #Tuareg