B. R. Ambedkar
▻https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._R._Ambedkar
B. R. Ambedkar est toujours admiré par les pauvres d’Inde qui n’ont que peu d’estime pour le
Mahātmā Gandhi vénéré par les hindous modérés des classes moyennes.
Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar ([14 April 1891 – 6 December 1956), popularly known as Babasaheb, was an Indian jurist, economist, politician and social reformer who inspired the Modern Buddhist Movement and campaigned against social discrimination against Untouchables (Dalits), while also supporting the rights of women and labour. He was Independent India’s first law minister and the principal architect of the Constitution of India.
His later life was marked by his political activities; he became involved in campaigning and negotiations for India’s independence, publishing journals advocating political rights and social freedom for Dalits, and contributing significantly to the establishment of the state of India.
In 1956 he converted to Buddhism, initiating mass conversions of Dalits.
Mahātmā
▻https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahatma
This epithet is commonly applied to prominent people like Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Munshiram (later Swami Shraddhananda), Lalon Shah, Ayyankali and Jyotirao Phule.
Manusmriti Dahan Din (Manusmriti Burning Day)
▻https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manusmriti_Dahan_Din
The Manusmṛti Dahan Diwas (Manusmriti Burning Day) during Maha-Sangharsha of Mahad Satyagraha, was day on 25 December 1927 that Manusmṛti was publicly burned by Dr. B. R. Ambedkar is an important mile stone in Dalit struggle against Brahminism. Manusmṛti is probably the most burnt book in India every year by Dalits and Ambedkarites.
Dr. Ambedkar came from Bombay by boat “Padmavati” via Dasgaon port, instead of Dharamtar, though it is longer distance, because in the event of boycott by bus owners, they could walk down five miles to Mahad. A pit six inches deep and one and half foot square was dug in, and filled with sandle wood pieces. On its four corners, poles were erected, bearing banners on three sides. Banners said,
“Manusmṛti chi dahan bhumi”, i.e. Crematorium for Manusmṛti.
Destroy Untouchability and
Bury the Brahmanism.
Dalit Buddhist movement
▻https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalit_Buddhist_movement
Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
Inscription of 22 vows at Deekshabhoomi, Nagpur
After receiving ordination, Ambedkar gave dhamma diksha to his followers. The ceremony included 22 vows given to all new converts after Three Jewels and Five Precepts. On 14 October 1956 at Nagpur, Ambedkar performed another mass religious conversion ceremony at Chandrapur.
He prescribed 22 vows to his followers:
I shall have no faith in Brahma, Vishnu and Maheshwara, nor shall I worship them.
I shall have no faith in Rama and Krishna, who are believed to be incarnation of God, nor shall I worship them.
I shall have no faith in Gauri, Ganapati and other gods and goddesses of Hindus, nor shall I worship them.
I do not believe in the incarnation of God.
I do not and shall not believe that Lord Buddha was the incarnation of Vishnu. I believe this to be sheer madness and false propaganda.
I shall not perform Shraddha nor shall I give pind.
I shall not act in a manner violating the principles and teachings of the Buddha.
I shall not allow any ceremonies to be performed by Brahmins.
I shall believe in the equality of man.
I shall endeavour to establish equality.
I shall follow the Noble Eightfold Path of the Buddha.
I shall follow the ten paramitas prescribed by the Buddha.
I shall have compassion and loving-kindness for all living beings and protect them.
I shall not steal.
I shall not tell lies.
I shall not commit carnal sins.
I shall not take intoxicants like liquor, drugs, etc.
(The previous four proscriptive vows [#14–17] are from the Five Precepts.)
I shall endeavour to follow the Noble Eightfold Path and practice compassion and loving-kindness in everyday life.
I renounce Hinduism, which disfavors humanity and impedes the advancement and development of humanity because it is based on inequality, and adopt Buddhism as my religion.
I firmly believe the Dhamma of the Buddha is the only true religion.
I consider that I have taken a new birth.
I solemnly declare and affirm that I shall hereafter lead my life according to the teachings of Buddha’s Dhamma.
Democracy and Class Struggle : Bhagat Singh On Dalit Question by Ashok Yadav
▻http://democracyandclasstruggle.blogspot.de/2015/06/bhagat-singh-on-dalit-question-by-ashok.html?m=1
“Bring revolution through social movements and then be prepared for political and economic revolutions.” This is yet another important formulation of Bhagat Singh. Right from Jotiba Phule to Dr Ambedkar all have stressed upon the importance of social revolution in bringing about the final revolutions in political and economic sectors. Bhagat Singh who otherwise devoted major part of his short life for socialism and national liberation did not digress much from India’s great social revolutionaries in prescribing the trajectory of revolution. Bhagat Singh had started off his revolutionary life by making national liberation from subjugation of British rule the sole preoccupation. In a very short span of time he had realised that the ground for political-economic revolution in India cannot be prepared unless social revolution is effected. This was a great and stirring journey of Bhagat Singh in the realm of philosophy.
(Note: All the quotations of Bhagat Singh from the article have been translated in English by this writer from the Hindi version. The article in question has been taken from Bhagat Singh’s collected works published by Rajkamal Prakashan)
Source : ▻http://www.countercurrents.org/yadav231209.htm
Graham Staines
▻https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graham_Staines
Graham Stuart Staines (1941 – 22 January 1999) was an Australian Christian missionary who, along with his two sons Philip (aged 10) and Timothy (aged 6), was burnt to death by a gang while sleeping in his station wagon at Manoharpur village in Keonjhar district in Odisha, India on 22 January 1999. In 2003, a Bajrang Dal activist, Dara Singh, was convicted of leading the gang that murdered Graham Staines and his sons, and was sentenced to life in prison.
Communist Party of India (Marxist)
▻https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist%29
The party emerged from a split from the Communist Party of India in 1964. The CPI(M) was formed at the Seventh Congress of the Communist Party of India held in Calcutta from October 31 to November 7, 1964.
The strength of CPI(M) is concentrated in the states of Kerala, West Bengal and Tripura. As of 2015, CPI(M) is leading the state government in Tripura. It also leads the Left Front coalition of leftist parties. As of 2013, CPI(M) claimed to have 1,065,406 members.
Tripura
▻https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tripura
In the last elections held in February 2013, the Left Front won 50 out of 60 seats in the Assembly, 49 of which went to the Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM).[61] As of 2013, Tripura is the only state in India where the communist party is in power. Formerly, two more states—West Bengal and Kerala—had democratically elected communist governments.
Kerala
▻https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerala
West Bengal
▻https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengal
#Inde #hindouisme #bouddhisme #communisme #dalit #Ambedkar
